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Etemadpour R, Shintree S, Shereen AD. Brain Activity is Influenced by How High Dimensional Data are Represented: An EEG Study of Scatterplot Diagnostic (Scagnostics) Measures. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS RESEARCH 2024; 8:19-49. [PMID: 38273981 PMCID: PMC10805893 DOI: 10.1007/s41666-023-00145-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Visualization and visual analytic tools amplify one's perception of data, facilitating deeper and faster insights that can improve decision making. For multidimensional data sets, one of the most common approaches of visualization methods is to map the data into lower dimensions. Scatterplot matrices (SPLOM) are often used to visualize bivariate relationships between combinations of variables in a multidimensional dataset. However, the number of scatterplots increases quadratically with respect to the number of variables. For high dimensional data, the corresponding enormous number of scatterplots makes data exploration overwhelmingly complex, thereby hindering the usefulness of SPLOM in human decision making processes. One approach to address this difficulty utilizes Graph-theoretic Scatterplot Diagnostic (Scagnostics) to automatically extract a subset of scatterplots with salient features and of manageable size with the hope that the data will be sufficient for improving human decisions. In this paper, we use Electroencephalogram (EEG) to observe brain activity while participants make decisions informed by scatterplots created using different visual measures. We focused on 4 categories of Scagnostics measures: Clumpy, Monotonic, Striated, and Stringy. Our findings demonstrate that by adjusting the level of difficulty in discriminating between data sets based on the Scagnostics measures, different parts of the brain are activated: easier visual discrimination choices involve brain activity mostly in visual sensory cortices located in the occipital lobe, while more difficult discrimination choices tend to recruit more parietal and frontal regions as they are known to be involved in resolving ambiguities. Our results imply that patterns of neural activity are predictive markers of which specific Scagnostics measures most assist human decision making based on visual stimuli such as ours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronak Etemadpour
- Verus Research, 6100 Uptown Blvd NE, Suite 260, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110 USA
- Radiology Department, UNM Health Sciences Center (UNM), Albuquerque, New Mexico USA
- The City College of New York, 160 Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA
| | - Sonali Shintree
- The City College of New York, 160 Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA
| | - A Duke Shereen
- CUNY Advanced Science Research Center, Neuroscience Initiative, Graduate Center, New York, NY USA
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Wei Q, Du X, Lin Y, Hou G, Liu S, Fang H, Jin M. Recognition Mechanism of Dangerous Goods Marks: Evidence from an Event-Related Potential Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5192. [PMID: 36982102 PMCID: PMC10049231 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dangerous goods marks are the most effective means of alerting individuals to the potential dangers associated with the transport of dangerous goods. In order to gain a better understanding of how dangerous goods marks convey risk information, the cognitive processing of dangerous goods marks was examined by measuring event-related potentials (ERPs). We recruited 23 participants, and their ERP data were recorded. We discovered that the dangerous goods marks elicited a larger P200 amplitude and a smaller N300 amplitude, indicating that, compared to other marks, the dangerous goods marks exhibited stronger warning information and drew more attention from the subjects. Simultaneously, dangerous goods marks elicited insufficient emotional arousal in individuals. Therefore, these findings suggest that the designs of dangerous goods marks need to be improved, such as improving the graphic consistency. Changes in ERP patterns can be used to measure the risk perception level of dangerous goods marks, which can be used as an accurate indicator of the effectiveness of warning sign design. In addition, this study provides a theoretical foundation for the cognitive understanding mechanism of dangerous goods marks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- School of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Xinyu Du
- School of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- School of Arts and Communication, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yixin Lin
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guanhua Hou
- Pan Tianshou College of Architecture, Art and Design, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- School of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Hao Fang
- School of Art and Design, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
- Engineering Research Center of Big Data Application in Private Health Medicine, Fujian Province University, Putian 351100, China
| | - Ming Jin
- Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
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Monitoring the Impact of Spaceflight on the Human Brain. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12071060. [PMID: 35888147 PMCID: PMC9323314 DOI: 10.3390/life12071060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Extended exposure to radiation, microgravity, and isolation during space exploration has significant physiological, structural, and psychosocial effects on astronauts, and particularly their central nervous system. To date, the use of brain monitoring techniques adopted on Earth in pre/post-spaceflight experimental protocols has proven to be valuable for investigating the effects of space travel on the brain. However, future (longer) deep space travel would require some brain function monitoring equipment to be also available for evaluating and monitoring brain health during spaceflight. Here, we describe the impact of spaceflight on the brain, the basic principles behind six brain function analysis technologies, their current use associated with spaceflight, and their potential for utilization during deep space exploration. We suggest that, while the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and computerized tomography (CT) is limited to analog and pre/post-spaceflight studies on Earth, electroencephalography (EEG), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and ultrasound are good candidates to be adapted for utilization in the context of deep space exploration.
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Xiao S, Li Y, Liu M, Li Y. Electrophysiological Evidence of Impaired Cognitive Reappraisal in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: An Event-related Potential Study. Behav Brain Res 2022; 427:113800. [PMID: 35202720 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotion dysregulation symptoms are associated with higher conversion rates from MCI to dementia. Thus, understanding the neural mechanism underlying emotion regulation in people with MCI could provide useful information in early detection and intervention of MCI. This study investigated cognitive reappraisal, an emotion regulation strategy, in people with MCI using event-related potentials analysis. METHODS Late positive potential (LPP) was measured in 46 amnestic MCI subjects and 47 healthy elderly controls (HECs) as they viewed neutral and unpleasant images. All participants viewed a brief description of the upcoming image; neutral images were neutrally described (the Neut condition), and negative images were preceded with either more neutral/positive (the Rea condition) or more negative (the Neg condition) interpretations. RESULTS MCI subjects reduced their emotional intensity to a smaller extent than HEC subjects. For MCI subjects, the decreased level of emotional intensity was positively correlated with function in the verbal and executive domains. The reduced intensity (Rea - Neg) was also inversely correlated with the LPP difference (Rea - Neg) 3,600-5,000 ms after stimulus onset. Compared with HEC subjects, MCI subjects showed hypoactivation in the cuneus in the N2 time range (240-310 ms) and in the inferior parietal lobule and supramarginal gyrus in the 3,600-5,000 ms range. CONCLUSION These results suggest that MCI subjects failed to maintain the reappraisal of negative stimuli in the late time window, which contributed to a smaller success with reappraisal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Xiao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- College of International education, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Zhou L, Ma J, Zhou X, Niu Y, Chabebe A, Xue C. Which is better for concept visualization? Shape or spirit similarity: Evidence from event-related potentials. Neurosci Lett 2021; 749:135755. [PMID: 33610671 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Shape and spirit similarity are two kinds of common artistic modes in concept visualization. The adoption depends on the designers' subjective preference and judgment, which may cause potential risks for semantic communication. This article used pairs of real image-concrete word as the roots, and contrasted four kinds of multimodal mappings such as shape similarity-concrete concept, shape similarity-abstract concept, spirit similarity-concrete concept, and spirit similarity-abstract concept to compare the matching difference through the S1(picture)-S2(word) paradigm. The behavioral results showed that shape similarity had advantages in both matching rate and reaction time over spirit similarity, but the difference was more significant to the concrete word than to the abstract word. The ERPs showed that the N1, P2, and N400 components had alike effects with the behavioral results, but the mappings of spirit similarity-concrete concept elicited the largest positivity of P600, suggesting the complicated mechanisms of semantic integration and concreteness effect in the multimodal mappings. This study proves that the concrete concept should be visualized according to its appearance, not the most striking feature or function; but the visulization of abstract concept shows less difference after a concreteness transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Jian Ma
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Xiaozhou Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yafeng Niu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Annette Chabebe
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Chengqi Xue
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
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Silveira MV, Silvestrin M, Vilela EC, de Rose JC, Arntzen E, Caetano MS. Equivalence relations do exist before they are tested: Confirmatory evidence revealed by EEG measurements. J Exp Anal Behav 2021; 115:284-295. [PMID: 33482044 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We examined equivalence-based N400 effects by comparing EEG data from participants with different experiences with equivalence testing. Before a priming task used in EEG measurement, Group 1 was given only matching-to-sample training trials whereas Group 2 was exposed to matching-to-sample training and equivalence probe trials. We asked whether exposure to the reinforcement contingency was sufficient to bring about an N400 outcome that might indicate potentially emergent equivalence relations or if such a response depended on experience with equivalence tests. Results showed robust N400 in both groups. Experience with equivalence tests did not further increase the N400 effects. Our findings add confirmatory evidence that equivalence relations may originate via the reinforcement contingency alone. Furthermore, complementary EEG data collected from priming tasks involving words from natural language showed functional overlap between laboratory-defined equivalence and natural word-based N400 effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo V Silveira
- Universidade Federal do ABC - Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition (UFABC-CMCC), São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil.,Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Behavior, Cognition and Teaching (INCT-ECCE), Brazil
| | - Mateus Silvestrin
- Universidade Federal do ABC - Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition (UFABC-CMCC), São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Vilela
- Instituto de Psicologia da Universidade de São Paulo (IP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Behavior, Cognition and Teaching (INCT-ECCE), Brazil
| | - Julio C de Rose
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos - Departamento de Psicologia (UFSCar-DPsi), São Carlos, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Behavior, Cognition and Teaching (INCT-ECCE), Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo S Caetano
- Universidade Federal do ABC - Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition (UFABC-CMCC), São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Behavior, Cognition and Teaching (INCT-ECCE), Brazil
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Bermúdez-Margaretto B, Beltrán D, Shtyrov Y, Dominguez A, Cuetos F. Neurophysiological Correlates of Top-Down Phonological and Semantic Influence during the Orthographic Processing of Novel Visual Word-Forms. Brain Sci 2020; 10:E717. [PMID: 33050157 PMCID: PMC7601445 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10100717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of new vocabulary is usually mediated by previous experience with language. In the visual domain, the representation of orthographically unfamiliar words at the phonological or conceptual levels may facilitate their orthographic learning. The neural correlates of this advantage were investigated by recording EEG activity during reading novel and familiar words across three different experiments (n = 22 each), manipulating the availability of previous knowledge on the novel written words. A different pattern of event-related potential (ERP) responses was found depending on the previous training, resembling cross-level top-down interactive effects during vocabulary acquisition. Thus, whereas previous phonological experience caused a modulation at the post-lexical stages of the visual recognition of novel written words (~520 ms), additional semantic training influenced their processing at a lexico-semantic stage (~320 ms). Moreover, early lexical differences (~180 ms) elicited in the absence of previous training did not emerge after both phonological and semantic training, reflecting similar orthographic processing and word-form access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Bermúdez-Margaretto
- Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - David Beltrán
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencia (IUNE), Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain; (D.B.); (A.D.)
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Yury Shtyrov
- Institute for Clinical Medicine—Center for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Alberto Dominguez
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencia (IUNE), Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain; (D.B.); (A.D.)
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Fernando Cuetos
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33001 Oviedo, Spain;
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Wodniecka Z, Szewczyk J, Kałamała P, Mandera P, Durlik J. When a second language hits a native language. What ERPs (do and do not) tell us about language retrieval difficulty in bilingual language production. Neuropsychologia 2020; 141:107390. [PMID: 32057934 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The accumulating evidence suggests that prior usage of a second language (L2) leads to processing costs on the subsequent production of a native language (L1). However, it is unclear what mechanism underlies this effect. It has been proposed that the L1 cost reflects inhibition of L1 representation acting during L1 production; however, previous studies exploring this issue were inconclusive. It is also unsettled whether the mechanism operates on the whole-language level or is restricted to translation equivalents in the two languages. We report a study that allowed us to address both issues behaviorally with the use of ERPs while focusing on the consequences of using L2 on the production of L1. In our experiment, native speakers of Polish (L1) and learners of English (L2) named a set of pictures in L1 following a set of pictures in either L1 or L2. Half of the pictures were repeated from the preceding block and half were new; this enabled dissociation of the effects on the level of the whole language from those specific to individual lexical items. Our results are consistent with the notion that language after-effects operate at a whole-language level. Behaviorally, we observed a clear processing cost on the whole-language level and a small facilitation on the item-specific level. The whole-language effect was accompanied by an enhanced, fronto-centrally distributed negativity in the 250-350 ms time-window which we identified as the N300 (in contrast to previous research, which probably misidentified the effect as the N2), a component that presumably reflects retrieval difficulty of relevant language representations during picture naming. As such, unlike previous studies that reported N2 for naming pictures in L1 after L2 use, we propose that the reported ERPs (N300) indicate that prior usage of L2 hampers lexical access to names in L1. Based on the literature, the after-effects could be caused by L1 inhibition and/or L2 interference, but the ERPs so far have not been informative about the causal mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zofia Wodniecka
- Psychology of Language and Bilingualism Lab, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Jakub Szewczyk
- Psychology of Language and Bilingualism Lab, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Kałamała
- Psychology of Language and Bilingualism Lab, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł Mandera
- Psychology of Language and Bilingualism Lab, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Durlik
- Psychology of Language and Bilingualism Lab, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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Li S, Chen S, Zhang H, Zhao Q, Zhou Z, Huang F, Sui D, Wang F, Hong J. Dynamic cognitive processes of text-picture integration revealed by event-related potentials. Brain Res 2019; 1726:146513. [PMID: 31669828 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The integration of text and picture is the core of multimedia information processing. Relevant theories suggest that text and picture are processed through different channels in the early stage, and integrated in the late stage of processing. Based on these theories, the current study adopted measures of event-related potentials to examine the cognitive and neural processes of text-picture integration. The results showed that in the early stage of text-picture integration, picture processing evoked a more negative N1 over the occipital area and a N300 over the prefrontal area, which might reflect the discrimination process of visual stimuli and the imagery representation of the picture, respectively; in the late stage, the text-picture induced a N400 in the central area and an LPC over the central, parietal and temporal areas, which might be associated with the semantic activation and integration of text and picture, respectively. These results not only provide support for existing theories, but also further elucidate the dynamic neural processing of text-picture integration in terms of its temporal and spatial characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Hongpo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qingbai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Zhijin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Furong Huang
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.
| | - Danni Sui
- School of Foreign Languages, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
| | - Fuxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jianzhong Hong
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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10
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Dissanayaka NNW, Au TR, Angwin AJ, Iyer KK, O'Sullivan JD, Byrne GJ, Silburn PA, Marsh R, Mellick GD, Copland DA. Depression symptomatology correlates with event-related potentials in Parkinson's disease: An affective priming study. J Affect Disord 2019; 245:897-904. [PMID: 30699874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a predominant non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), which is often under recognised and undertreated. To improve identification of depression in PD it is imperative to examine objective brain-related markers. The present study addresses this gap by using electroencephalography (EEG) to evaluate the processing of emotionally valanced words in PD. METHODS Fifty non-demented PD patients, unmedicated for depression or anxiety, completed an affective priming task while EEG was simultaneously recorded. Prime and target word pairs of negative or neutral valence were presented at a short 250 ms stimulus onset asynchrony. Participants were asked to evaluate the valence of the target word by button press. Depression was measured using an established rating scale. Repeated measures analysis of covariance and correlational analyses were performed to examine whether event-related potentials (ERP) varied as a function of depression scores. RESULTS Key ERP findings reveal reduced responses in parietal midline P300, N400 and Late Positive Potential (LPP) difference waves between congruent and incongruent neutral targets in patients with higher depression scores. LIMITATIONS Comparisons of ERPs were limited by insufficient classification of participants with and without clinical depression. A majority of PD patients who had high depression scores were excluded from the analysis as they were receiving antidepressant and/or anxiolytic medications which could interfere with ERP sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that the Pz-P300, N400 and LPP are ERP markers relates to emotional dysfunction in PD. These findings thus advance current knowledge regarding the neurophysiological markers of a common neuropsychiatric deficit in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeeka N W Dissanayaka
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia; School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane QLD4067, Australia.
| | - Tiffany R Au
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia
| | - Anthony J Angwin
- School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane QLD4067, Australia
| | - Kartik K Iyer
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia
| | - John D O'Sullivan
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia
| | - Gerard J Byrne
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia; Mental Health Service, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia
| | - Peter A Silburn
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Neuromodulation, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Brisbane QLD4067, Australia
| | - Rodney Marsh
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Neuromodulation, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Brisbane QLD4067, Australia
| | - George D Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane QLD4111, Australia
| | - David A Copland
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia; School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane QLD4067, Australia
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Hajra SG, Liu CC, Song X, Fickling SD, Cheung TPL, D'Arcy RCN. Accessing knowledge of the 'here and now': a new technique for capturing electromagnetic markers of orientation processing. J Neural Eng 2018; 16:016008. [PMID: 30507557 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aae91e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ability to orient with respect to the current context (e.g. current time or location) is crucial for daily functioning, and is used to measure overall cognitive health across many frontline clinical assessments. However, these tests are often hampered by their reliance on verbal probes (e.g. 'What city are we in?') in evaluating orientation. Objective, physiology-based measures of orientation processing are needed, but no such measures are currently in existence. We report the initial development of potential brainwave-based markers of orientation processing as characterized using electroencephlography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). APPROACH An auditory stimulus sequence embedded with words corresponding to orientation-relevant (i.e. related to the 'here and now') and orientation-irrelevant (i.e. unrelated to the current context) conditions was used to elicit orientation processing responses. EEG/MEG data, in concert with clinical assessments, were collected from 29 healthy adults. Analysis at sensor and source levels identified and characterized neural signals related to orientation processing. MAIN RESULTS Orientation-irrelevant stimuli elicited increased negative amplitude in EEG-derived event-related potential (ERP) waveforms during the 390-570 ms window (p < 0.05), with cortical activations across the left frontal, temporal, and parietal regions. These effects are consistent with the well-known N400 response to semantic incongruence. In contrast, ERP responses to orientation-relevant stimuli exhibited increased positive amplitude during the same interval (p < 0.05), with activations across the bilateral temporal and parietal regions. Importantly, these differential responses were robust at the individual level, with machine-learning classification showing high accuracy (89%), sensitivity (0.88) and specificity (0.90). SIGNIFICANCE This is the first demonstration of a neurotechnology platform that elicits, captures, and evaluates electrophysiological markers of orientation processing. We demonstrate neural responses to orientation stimuli that are validated across EEG and MEG modalities and robust at the individual level. The extraction of physiology-based markers through this technique may enable improved objective brain functional evaluation in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Ghosh Hajra
- Faculty of Applied Science, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada
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Craddock M, Martinovic J, Müller MM. Task and spatial frequency modulations of object processing: an EEG study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70293. [PMID: 23936181 PMCID: PMC3729457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Visual object processing may follow a coarse-to-fine sequence imposed by fast processing of low spatial frequencies (LSF) and slow processing of high spatial frequencies (HSF). Objects can be categorized at varying levels of specificity: the superordinate (e.g. animal), the basic (e.g. dog), or the subordinate (e.g. Border Collie). We tested whether superordinate and more specific categorization depend on different spatial frequency ranges, and whether any such dependencies might be revealed by or influence signals recorded using EEG. We used event-related potentials (ERPs) and time-frequency (TF) analysis to examine the time course of object processing while participants performed either a grammatical gender-classification task (which generally forces basic-level categorization) or a living/non-living judgement (superordinate categorization) on everyday, real-life objects. Objects were filtered to contain only HSF or LSF. We found a greater positivity and greater negativity for HSF than for LSF pictures in the P1 and N1 respectively, but no effects of task on either component. A later, fronto-central negativity (N350) was more negative in the gender-classification task than the superordinate categorization task, which may indicate that this component relates to semantic or syntactic processing. We found no significant effects of task or spatial frequency on evoked or total gamma band responses. Our results demonstrate early differences in processing of HSF and LSF content that were not modulated by categorization task, with later responses reflecting such higher-level cognitive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Craddock
- Institute of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Germany.
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Maguire MJ, Magnon G, Ogiela DA, Egbert R, Sides L. The N300 ERP component reveals developmental changes in object and action identification. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2012; 5:1-9. [PMID: 23287022 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Semantic mastery includes quickly identifying object and action referents in the environment. Given the relational nature of action verbs compared to object nouns, how do these processes differ in children and adults? To address this question the Event Related Potentials (EPRs) of 8-9 year olds and adults were recorded as they performed a picture-matching task in which a noun (chair) or verb (sit) was followed by a picture of an object and action (a man sitting in a chair). Adults and children displayed similar central N400 congruency effects in response to objects and actions. Developmental differences were revealed in the N300. Adults displayed N300 differences between congruent and incongruent items for both objects and actions. Children, however, exhibited an N300 congruency effect only for objects, indicating that although object noun representations may be adult-like, action verb representations continue to solidify through middle childhood. Surprisingly, adults also exhibited a posterior congruency effect that was not found in children. This is similar to the late positive component (LPC) reported by other studies of semantic picture processing, but the lack of such a response in children raises important questions about the development of semantic integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy J Maguire
- University of Texas at Dallas, Callier Center for Communication Disorders, TX 75235, USA.
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Bramão I, Faísca L, Forkstam C, Inácio F, Araújo S, Petersson KM, Reis A. The interaction between surface color and color knowledge: behavioral and electrophysiological evidence. Brain Cogn 2011; 78:28-37. [PMID: 22070924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to evaluate the contribution of surface color and color knowledge information in object identification. We constructed two color-object verification tasks - a surface and a knowledge verification task - using high color diagnostic objects; both typical and atypical color versions of the same object were presented. Continuous electroencephalogram was recorded from 26 subjects. A cluster randomization procedure was used to explore the differences between typical and atypical color objects in each task. In the color knowledge task, we found two significant clusters that were consistent with the N350 and late positive complex (LPC) effects. Atypical color objects elicited more negative ERPs compared to typical color objects. The color effect found in the N350 time window suggests that surface color is an important cue that facilitates the selection of a stored object representation from long-term memory. Moreover, the observed LPC effect suggests that surface color activates associated semantic knowledge about the object, including color knowledge representations. We did not find any significant differences between typical and atypical color objects in the surface color verification task, which indicates that there is little contribution of color knowledge to resolve the surface color verification. Our main results suggest that surface color is an important visual cue that triggers color knowledge, thereby facilitating object identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Bramão
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Deparmento de Psicologia, Institute of Biotechnology & Bioengineering/CBME, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
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D’Arcy RCN, Gawryluk JR, Beyea SD, Hajra SG, Feindel KW, Clarke DB. Tracking cognitive changes in new-onset epilepsy: Functional imaging challenges. Epilepsia 2011; 52 Suppl 4:43-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03152.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Simanova I, van Gerven M, Oostenveld R, Hagoort P. Identifying object categories from event-related EEG: toward decoding of conceptual representations. PLoS One 2010; 5:e14465. [PMID: 21209937 PMCID: PMC3012689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multivariate pattern analysis is a technique that allows the decoding of conceptual information such as the semantic category of a perceived object from neuroimaging data. Impressive single-trial classification results have been reported in studies that used fMRI. Here, we investigate the possibility to identify conceptual representations from event-related EEG based on the presentation of an object in different modalities: its spoken name, its visual representation and its written name. We used Bayesian logistic regression with a multivariate Laplace prior for classification. Marked differences in classification performance were observed for the tested modalities. Highest accuracies (89% correctly classified trials) were attained when classifying object drawings. In auditory and orthographical modalities, results were lower though still significant for some subjects. The employed classification method allowed for a precise temporal localization of the features that contributed to the performance of the classifier for three modalities. These findings could help to further understand the mechanisms underlying conceptual representations. The study also provides a first step towards the use of concept decoding in the context of real-time brain-computer interface applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Simanova
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Henry LC, Tremblay S, Boulanger Y, Ellemberg D, Lassonde M. Neurometabolic Changes in the Acute Phase after Sports Concussions Correlate with Symptom Severity. J Neurotrauma 2010; 27:65-76. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2009.0962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luke C. Henry
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yvan Boulanger
- Department of Radiology, University of Montréal and Hôpital Saint-Luc, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Dave Ellemberg
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Department of Kinesiology, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maryse Lassonde
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Abstract
This paper presents an ERP experiment examining the underlying nature of semantic representation of animate and inanimate objects. Time-locking ERP signatures to the onset of visual stimuli we found topological similarities in animate and inanimate object processing. Moreover, when mapping more general to more specific representation (auditory to visual stimuli) we found no difference between animates and in animates in the N400 amplitude either. This study provides further evidence for the theory of unitary semantic organization, but no support for the feature-based prediction of segregated conceptual organization. Surprisingly, it was also found that the P600 component, which has been thus far mostly related to syntactic processing to be a sensitive index of conceptual processing. The most apparent difference regarding P600 component was found between animate and inanimate matches, whereby animate matches elicited more positive ERP signatures in comparison to inanimate matches.
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Schumacher R, Wirth M, Perrig WJ, Strik W, Koenig T. ERP correlates of superordinate category activation. Int J Psychophysiol 2008; 72:134-44. [PMID: 19087886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2008] [Revised: 11/21/2008] [Accepted: 11/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The human semantic network is hierarchically organized, containing superordinate, basic and subordinate levels. Various impairments are thought to be connected with abnormal access to superordinate concepts. We devised an ERP paradigm to examine the activation of superordinate versus otherwise related concepts in 20 healthy participants. Following the presentation of a typical category member an arrow indicated whether the appropriate superordinate category had to be generated (categorization task) or an otherwise related word (relation task). To control task execution, a second word was presented for which a match-mismatch-judgment was required. Reaction times, accuracy rates and ERPs after the second word showed that participants successfully accessed the superordinate category name and that verification in the categorization task was faster and easier than in the relation task. Comparison of ERPs after the arrow revealed topographical, Global Field Power (GFP), and onset latency differences between the two tasks and thus indicated the involvement of at least partially different neural generators. Source localization analysis confirmed that brain regions were activated that were also identified in previous experiments with semantic task. The paradigm seems to be suitable for further examination of superordinate activation processes and evaluation of impairments such as thought disorders in schizophrenic patients.
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