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Qiu C, Li Z, Peng P. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells protect MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts from dexamethasone-induced apoptosis via induction of the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway. Regen Ther 2024; 27:1-11. [PMID: 38476629 PMCID: PMC10926296 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the protective effect human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) have on Dexamethasone (Dex)-induced apoptosis in osteogenesis via the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway. Methods Glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (GC-ONFH) was developed in rats through the administration of lipopolysaccharide and methylprednisolone. The incidence of femoral head necrosis, cavity notch, apoptosis of osteoblasts, and bone density were observed by HE staining, TUNEL staining, and Micro-CT. HUC-MSCs were co-cultured with mouse pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1. The survival rate of osteoblasts was determined by CCK8, and apoptosis and ROS levels of osteoblasts were determined by flow cytometer. The viability of antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT was analyzed by biochemistry. Nrf2 expression levels and those of its downstream proteins and apoptosis-related proteins were analyzed by Western blotting. Results In rats, hUC-MSCs can reduce the rates of empty bone lacuna and osteoblast apoptosis that are induced by glucocorticoids (GCs), while reducing the incidence of GC-ONFH. hUC-MSCs can significantly improve the survival rate and antioxidant SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT activity of MC3T3-E1 cells caused by Dex, and inhibit apoptosis and oxidative stress levels. In addition, hUC-MSCs can up-regulate the expression of osteoblast antioxidant protein Nrf2 and its downstream protein HO-1, NQO-1, GCLC, GCLM, and apoptosis-related protein bcl-2, while also down-regulating the expression of apoptosis-related protein bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, and cytochrome C in MC3T3-E1 cells. hUC-MSCs improve the ability of MC3T3-E1 cells to mineralize to osteogenesis. However, the promoting effects of hUC-MSCs were abolished following the blocking of the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway for osteoblasts. Conclusion The results reveal that hUC-MSCs can reduce Dex-induced apoptosis in osteoblasts via the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qiu
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Zhaowen Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Puji Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
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Asahi R, Sunaga A, Shirado T, Saito N, Mori M, Yamamoto Y, Wu Y, Yoshimura K. Irradiation Affects Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Wound Healing Depending on Radiation Dose and Frequency. Plast Reconstr Surg 2024; 154:283e-295e. [PMID: 37678801 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000011045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation therapies are often associated with permanent devitalization in the surrounding tissue. The authors hypothesized that stem cells are damaged depending on each irradiation dose and frequency of fractionated radiotherapies, which results in impaired tissue function, including wound-healing capacity. METHODS Susceptibility of human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) to a single irradiation (0 to 10 Gy) was assessed in vitro. In vivo chronic radiation effects were also assessed on mouse dorsal skin ( n = 4 to 5) for 6 months after a total of 40 Gy irradiation (0 Gy as control) using 1 of 3 fractionated protocols (2 Gy daily for 20 days, 10 Gy weekly for 4 weeks, or 10 Gy monthly for 4 months). Oxygen partial pressure, oxygen saturation of hemoglobin, and dorsal skin viscoelasticity were measured periodically, and wound healing and tissue immunohistology were compared at 6 months. RESULTS A single irradiation of cultured human ASCs resulted in a dose-dependent increase in cell death up to 2 Gy but with no further increases between 2 and 10 Gy. Most of the apoptotic ASCs were in the proliferation phase. Among the 3 in vivo irradiation protocols, the 2 Gy×20 group had the most severe chronic tissue damage (ie, skin dysfunction, subcutaneous atrophy, depletion of CD34 + stem cells) 6 months after the irradiation. Wound healing was also impaired most significantly in the 2 Gy×20 group. CONCLUSION These results have important clinical implications for surgeons and radiotherapists in the timing of surgical interventions and the optimization of fractionation protocols. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Irradiation damages stem cells depending on the radiation dose and frequency. Using the ultimately optimized protocol, surgeons can minimize the long-term functional deficits of radiated tissue without losing the anticancer efficacy of radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rintaro Asahi
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University
| | - Ataru Sunaga
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University
| | - Takako Shirado
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University
| | - Natsumi Saito
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University
| | - Masanori Mori
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University
| | | | - Yunyan Wu
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University
| | - Kotaro Yoshimura
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University
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Jiang Z, Cheng H, Qian X, Tu J, Fan C, Pan Y, Lin Z, Chen J, Wang X, Zhang J. The role and mechanism of engineered nanovesicles derived from hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of UVB-induced skin photoaging. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38769897 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are effective in the treatment of skin photoaging; however, their low yield and functional decline with passage progression limit their clinical application. Cell-derived nanovesicles (CNVs) are potential alternatives that can address the limitations of EVs derived from MSCs and are conducive to clinical transformations. Hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells (HFMSCs), a type of MSCs, have demonstrated the function of repairing skin tissues; nevertheless, the efficacy of CNVs from HFMSCs (HFMSC-CNVs) in the treatment of skin photoaging remains unclear. Therefore, ultraviolet radiation B (UVB)-induced photoaging nude mice and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) were used as experimental models to investigate the therapeutic effects of HFMSC-CNVs in photoaging models. METHODS HFMSC-CNVs were successfully prepared using the mechanical extrusion method. UVB-induced nude mice and HDFs were used as experimental models of photoaging. Multiple approaches, including hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS), flow cytometry, western blotting, and other experimental methods, were combined to investigate the possible effects and mechanisms of HFMSC-CNVs in the treatment of skin photoaging. RESULTS In the nude mouse model of skin photoaging, treatment with HFMSC-CNVs reduced UVB-induced skin wrinkles (p < 0.05) and subcutaneous capillary dilation, alleviated epidermis thickening (p < 0.001), and dermal thinning (p < 0.001). Furthermore, HFMSC-CNVs upregulated proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression (p < 0.05) and decreased the levels of ROS, β-galactosidase (β-Gal), and CD86 (p < 0.01). In vitro experiments, treatment with HFMSC-CNVs enhanced the cellular activity of UVB-exposed HDFs (p < 0.05), and reduced ROS levels and the percentage of senescent cells (p < 0.001), and alleviated cell cycle arrest (p < 0.001). HFMSC-CNVs upregulated the expression of Collagen I (Col I), SMAD2/3, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX-1), and superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) (p < 0.05) and downregulated the expression of cycle suppressor protein (p53), cell cycle suppressor protein (p21), and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Conclusively, the anti-photoaging properties of HFMSC-CNVs were confirmed both in vivo and in vitro. HFMSC-CNVs exert anti-photoaging effects by alleviating cell cycle arrest, decreasing cellular senescence and macrophage infiltration, promoting cell proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) production, and reducing oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhounan Jiang
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School Of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanxiao Cheng
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School Of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xifei Qian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School Of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Tu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School Of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chongxiang Fan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School Of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yirui Pan
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School Of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Lin
- Zhejiang Healthfuture Biomedicine Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyang Chen
- Zhejiang Healthfuture Biomedicine Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangsheng Wang
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School Of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jufang Zhang
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School Of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
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Al-Dhalimy AMB, Salim HM, Shather AH, Naser IH, Hizam MM, Alshujery MK. The pathological and therapeutically role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosome in degenerative diseases; Particular focus on LncRNA and microRNA. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 250:154778. [PMID: 37683391 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
By releasing exosomes, which create the ideal milieu for the resolution of inflammation, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) enhance tissue healing and have strong immunomodulatory capabilities. MSCs-derived exosome also can affect tumor progress by a myriad of mechanisms. Exosomes function as a cell-cell communication tool to affect cellular activity in recipient cells and include an array of efficient bioactive chemicals. Understanding the fundamental biology of inflammation ablation, tissue homeostasis, and the creation of therapeutic strategies is particularly interested in the horizontal transfer of exosomal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and microRNAs (miRNAs) to recipient cells, where they affect target gene expression. Herein, we propose an exosomal lncRNA and microRNA profile in neurological, renal, cardiac, lung, and liver diseases as well as skin wounds and arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haitham Mukhlif Salim
- Ministry of Health, Directorat of the Public Health, Health Promotion Departments, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - A H Shather
- Department of Computer Engineering Technology, Al Kitab University, Altun Kopru, Kirkuk 00964, Iraq
| | - Israa Habeeb Naser
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, AL-Mustaqbal University, 51001 Hillah, Babil, Iraq
| | - Manar Mohammed Hizam
- Collage of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
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Aguilar S, García-Olloqui P, Amigo-Morán L, Torán JL, López JA, Albericio G, Abizanda G, Herrero D, Vales Á, Rodríguez-Diaz S, Higuera M, García-Martín R, Vázquez J, Mora C, González-Aseguinolaza G, Prosper F, Pelacho B, Bernad A. Cardiac Progenitor Cell Exosomal miR-935 Protects against Oxidative Stress. Cells 2023; 12:2300. [PMID: 37759522 PMCID: PMC10528297 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced myocardial apoptosis and necrosis are critically involved in ischemic infarction, and several sources of extracellular vesicles appear to be enriched in therapeutic activities. The central objective was to identify and validate the differential exosome miRNA repertoire in human cardiac progenitor cells (CPC). CPC exosomes were first analyzed by LC-MS/MS and compared by RNAseq with exomes of human mesenchymal stromal cells and human fibroblasts to define their differential exosome miRNA repertoire (exo-miRSEL). Proteomics demonstrated a highly significant representation of cardiovascular development functions and angiogenesis in CPC exosomes, and RNAseq analysis yielded about 350 different miRNAs; among the exo-miRSEL population, miR-935 was confirmed as the miRNA most significantly up-regulated; interestingly, miR-935 was also found to be preferentially expressed in mouse primary cardiac Bmi1+high CPC, a population highly enriched in progenitors. Furthermore, it was found that transfection of an miR-935 antagomiR combined with oxidative stress treatment provoked a significant increment both in apoptotic and necrotic populations, whereas transfection of a miR-935 mimic did not modify the response. Conclusion. miR-935 is a highly differentially expressed miRNA in exo-miRSEL, and its expression reduction promotes oxidative stress-associated apoptosis. MiR-935, together with other exosomal miRNA members, could counteract oxidative stress-related apoptosis, at least in CPC surroundings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Aguilar
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Department of Immunology and Oncology, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (L.A.-M.); (J.L.T.); (G.A.); (D.H.); (M.H.); (R.G.-M.); (C.M.)
| | - Paula García-Olloqui
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Regenerative Medicine Department, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (G.A.); (Á.V.); (S.R.-D.); (F.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Lidia Amigo-Morán
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Department of Immunology and Oncology, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (L.A.-M.); (J.L.T.); (G.A.); (D.H.); (M.H.); (R.G.-M.); (C.M.)
| | - José Luis Torán
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Department of Immunology and Oncology, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (L.A.-M.); (J.L.T.); (G.A.); (D.H.); (M.H.); (R.G.-M.); (C.M.)
| | - Juan Antonio López
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.L.); (J.V.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Albericio
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Department of Immunology and Oncology, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (L.A.-M.); (J.L.T.); (G.A.); (D.H.); (M.H.); (R.G.-M.); (C.M.)
| | - Gloria Abizanda
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Regenerative Medicine Department, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (G.A.); (Á.V.); (S.R.-D.); (F.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Diego Herrero
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Department of Immunology and Oncology, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (L.A.-M.); (J.L.T.); (G.A.); (D.H.); (M.H.); (R.G.-M.); (C.M.)
| | - África Vales
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Regenerative Medicine Department, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (G.A.); (Á.V.); (S.R.-D.); (F.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Saray Rodríguez-Diaz
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Regenerative Medicine Department, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (G.A.); (Á.V.); (S.R.-D.); (F.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Marina Higuera
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Department of Immunology and Oncology, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (L.A.-M.); (J.L.T.); (G.A.); (D.H.); (M.H.); (R.G.-M.); (C.M.)
| | - Rubén García-Martín
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Department of Immunology and Oncology, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (L.A.-M.); (J.L.T.); (G.A.); (D.H.); (M.H.); (R.G.-M.); (C.M.)
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.L.); (J.V.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Mora
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Department of Immunology and Oncology, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (L.A.-M.); (J.L.T.); (G.A.); (D.H.); (M.H.); (R.G.-M.); (C.M.)
| | - Gloria González-Aseguinolaza
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Felipe Prosper
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Regenerative Medicine Department, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (G.A.); (Á.V.); (S.R.-D.); (F.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Program of Gene Therapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 30008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pelacho
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Regenerative Medicine Department, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (G.A.); (Á.V.); (S.R.-D.); (F.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Antonio Bernad
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Department of Immunology and Oncology, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (L.A.-M.); (J.L.T.); (G.A.); (D.H.); (M.H.); (R.G.-M.); (C.M.)
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Yan K, Zheng J, Kluth MA, Li L, Ganss C, Yard B, Magdeburg R, Frank MH, Pallavi P, Keese M. ABCB5 + mesenchymal stromal cells therapy protects from hypoxia by restoring Ca 2+ homeostasis in vitro and in vivo. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:24. [PMID: 36759868 PMCID: PMC9912525 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia in ischemic disease impairs Ca2+ homeostasis and may promote angiogenesis. The therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in peripheral arterial occlusive disease is well established, yet its influence on cellular Ca2+ homeostasis remains to be elucidated. We addressed the influence of ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 5 positive mesenchymal stromal cells (ABCB5+ MSCs) on Ca2+ homeostasis in hypoxic human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Hypoxia was induced in HUVECs by Cobalt (II) chloride (CoCl2) or Deferoxamine (DFO). Dynamic changes in the cytosolic- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ and changes in reactive oxygen species were assessed by appropriate fluorescence-based sensors. Metabolic activity, cell migration, and tube formation were assessed by standard assays. Acute-on-chronic ischemia in Apolipoprotein E knock-out (ApoE-/-) mice was performed by double ligation of the right femoral artery (DFLA). ABCB5+ MSC cells were injected into the ischemic limb. Functional recovery after DFLA and histology of gastrocnemius and aorta were assessed. RESULTS Hypoxia-induced impairment of cytosolic and ER Ca2+ were restored by ABCB5+ MSCs or their conditioned medium. Similar was found for changes in intracellular ROS production, metabolic activity, migratory ability and tube formation. The restoration was paralleled by an increased expression of the Ca2+ transporter Sarco-/endoplasmic reticulum ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) and the phosphorylation of Phospholamban (PLN). In acute-on-chronic ischemia, ABCB5+ MSCs treated mice showed a higher microvascular density, increased SERCA2a expression and PLN phosphorylation relative to untreated controls. CONCLUSIONS ABCB5+ MSCs therapy can restore cellular Ca2+ homeostasis, which may beneficially affect the angiogenic function of endothelial cells under hypoxia in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Yan
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373European Center of Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jiaxing Zheng
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373European Center of Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Lin Li
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373European Center of Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Ganss
- TICEBA GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.476673.7RHEACELL GmbH & Co. KG, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benito Yard
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373V Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Richard Magdeburg
- grid.411778.c0000 0001 2162 1728Department of Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68161 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Markus H. Frank
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Dermatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XTransplant Research Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA Australia
| | - Prama Pallavi
- Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. .,European Center of Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. .,Department of Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68161, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Michael Keese
- Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. .,European Center of Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. .,Department for General and Visceral Surgery, Theresienkrankenhaus Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany. .,Department of Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68161, Mannheim, Germany.
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7
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Slaven JE, Wilkerson M, Soltis AR, Rittase WB, Bradfield DT, Bylicky M, Cary L, Tsioplaya A, Bouten R, Dalgard C, Day RM. Transcriptomic Profiling and Pathway Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Following Low Dose-Rate Radiation Exposure. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020241. [PMID: 36829800 PMCID: PMC9951969 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Low dose-rate radiation exposure can occur in medical imaging, as background from environmental or industrial radiation, and is a hazard of space travel. In contrast with high dose-rate radiation exposure that can induce acute life-threatening syndromes, chronic low-dose radiation is associated with Chronic Radiation Syndrome (CRS), which can alter environmental sensitivity. Secondary effects of chronic low dose-rate radiation exposure include circulatory, digestive, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases, as well as cancer. Here, we investigated 1-2 Gy, 0.66 cGy/h, 60Co radiation effects on primary human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). There was no significant induction of apoptosis or DNA damage, and cells continued to proliferate. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of transcriptome changes revealed alterations in pathways related to cellular metabolism (cholesterol, fatty acid, and glucose metabolism), extracellular matrix modification and cell adhesion/migration, and regulation of vasoconstriction and inflammation. Interestingly, there was increased hypoxia signaling and increased activation of pathways regulated by iron deficiency, but Nrf2 and related genes were reduced. The data were validated in hMSC and human lung microvascular endothelial cells using targeted qPCR and Western blotting. Notably absent in the GO analysis were alteration pathways for DNA damage response, cell cycle inhibition, senescence, and pro-inflammatory response that we previously observed for high dose-rate radiation exposure. Our findings suggest that cellular gene transcription response to low dose-rate ionizing radiation is fundamentally different compared to high-dose-rate exposure. We hypothesize that cellular response to hypoxia and iron deficiency are driving processes, upstream of the other pathway regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E. Slaven
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Matthew Wilkerson
- Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Anthony R. Soltis
- Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - W. Bradley Rittase
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Dmitry T. Bradfield
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Michelle Bylicky
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Lynnette Cary
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Alena Tsioplaya
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Roxane Bouten
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Clifton Dalgard
- The American Genome Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Regina M. Day
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-301-295-3236; Fax: +1-301-295-3220
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8
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Bellei B, Migliano E, Picardo M. Therapeutic potential of adipose tissue-derivatives in modern dermatology. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1837-1852. [PMID: 35102608 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-mediated therapies in combination with biomaterial and growth factor-based approaches in regenerative medicine are rapidly evolving with increasing application beyond the dermatologic field. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are the more frequently used adult stem cells due to their abundance and easy access. In the case of volumetric defects, adipose tissue can take the shape of defects, restoring the volume and enhancing the regeneration of receiving tissue. When regenerative purposes prevail on volume restoration, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) rich in staminal cells, purified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or their cell-free derivatives grafting are favoured. The therapeutic efficacy of acellular approaches is explained by the fact that a significant part of the natural propensity of stem cells to repair damaged tissue is ascribable to their secretory activity that combines mitogenic factors, cytokines, chemokines and extracellular matrix components. Therefore, the secretome's ability to modulate multiple targets simultaneously demonstrated preclinical and clinical efficacy in reversing pathological mechanisms of complex conditions such atopic dermatitis (AD), vitiligo, psoriasis, acne and Lichen sclerosus (LS), non-resolving wounds and alopecia. This review analysing both in vivo and in vitro models gives an overview of the clinical relevance of adipose tissue-derivatives such as autologous fat graft, stromal vascular fraction, purified stem cells and secretome for skin disorders application. Finally, we highlighted the major disease-specific limitations and the future perspective in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Migliano
- Department of Plastic and Regenerative Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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9
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Lv J, Yang S, Lv M, Lv J, Sui Y, Guo S. Protective roles of mesenchymal stem cells on skin photoaging: A narrative review. Tissue Cell 2022; 76:101746. [PMID: 35182986 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Skin is a natural barrier of human body and a visual indicator of aging process. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the sunlight may injure the skin tissues and cause local damage. Besides, it is reported that repetitive or long-term exposure to UV radiation may reduce the collagen production, change the normal skin structure and cause premature skin aging. This is termed "photoaging". The classical symptoms of photoaging include increased roughness, wrinkle formation, mottled pigmentation or even precancerous changes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a kind of cells with the ability of self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation into many types of cells, like adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Researchers have explored diverse pharmacological actions of MSCs because of their migratory activity, paracrine actions and immunoregulation effects. In recent years, the huge potential of MSCs in preventing skin from photoaging has gained wide attention. MSCs exert their beneficial effects on skin photoaging via antioxidant effect, anti-apoptotic/anti-inflammatory effect, reduction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and activation of dermal fibroblasts proliferation. MSCs and MSC related products have demonstrated huge potential in the treatment of skin photoaging. This narrative review concisely sums up the recent research developments on the roles of MSCs in protection against photoaging and highlights the enormous potential of MSCs in skin photoaging treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Lv
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shude Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengzhu Lv
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiarui Lv
- Department of Physiology, School of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanan Sui
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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10
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Abdelrahman SA, Abdelrahman AA, Samy W, Dessouky AA, Ahmed SM. Hypoxia pretreatment enhances the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on ozone-induced lung injury in rats. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 389:201-217. [PMID: 35551479 PMCID: PMC9287250 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03627-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) gas is a double-sided weapon. It provides a shield that protects life on earth from the harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays, but ground-level O3 is considered an urban air pollutant. So, a rat model of chronic O3 inhalation was established to assess the biochemical and morphological alterations in the lung tissue and to investigate the ameliorative effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with or without hypoxia pre-treatment. Forty-two adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: control, ozone-exposed, normoxic BMSC-treated, and hypoxic BMSC-treated groups. Lung tissue sections were processed for light and electron microscope examination, immunohistochemical staining for caspase 3, and iNOS. Quantitative real-time PCR for IL-1α, IL-17, TNF-α, and Nrf2 mRNA gene expression were also performed. Chronic O3 exposure caused elevated inflammatory cytokines and decreased antioxidant Nrf2 mRNA expression. Marked morphological alterations with increased collagen deposition and elevated apoptotic markers and iNOS were evident. BMSC treatment showed immunomodulatory (decreased inflammatory cytokine gene expression), antioxidant (increased Nrf2 expression and decreased iNOS), and anti-apoptotic (decreased caspase3 expression) effects. Consequently, ameliorated lung morphology with diminished collagen deposition was observed. Hypoxia pretreatment enhanced BMSC survival by MTT assay. It also augmented the previously mentioned effects of BMSCs on the lung tissue as proved by statistical analysis. Lung morphology was similar to that of control group. In conclusion, hypoxia pretreatment represents a valuable intervention to enhance the effects of MSCs on chronic lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa A Abdelrahman
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Abeer A Abdelrahman
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Walaa Samy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Arigue A Dessouky
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samah M Ahmed
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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11
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Nogueira-Pedro A, Segreto HRC, Held KD, Ferreira Junior AFG, Dias CC, Hastreiter AA, Makiyama EN, Paredes-Gamero EJ, Borelli P, Fock RA. Direct ionizing radiation and bystander effect in mouse mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 98:1-11. [PMID: 35394402 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2063960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the radiation-induced direct and bystander (BYS) responses of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and to characterize these cells radiobiologically.Methods and materials: MSCs were irradiated (IR) and parameters related to DNA damage and cellular signaling were verified in a dose range from 0.5 to 15 Gy; also a transwell insert co-culture system was used to study medium-mediated BYS effects.Results: The main effects on directly IR cells were seen at doses higher than 6 Gy: induction of cell death, cell cycle arrest, upregulation of p21, and alteration of redox status. Irrespective of a specific dose, induction of micronuclei formation, H2AX phosphorylation, and decreased Akt expression also occurred. Thus, mTOR expression, cell senescence, nitric oxide generation, and calcium levels, in general were not significantly modulated by radiation. Data from the linear-quadratic model showed a high alpha/beta ratio, which is consistent with a more exponential survival curve. BYS effects from the unirradiated MSCs placed into companion wells with the directly IR cells, were not observed.Conclusions: The results can be interpreted as a positive outcome, meaning that the radiation damage is restricted to the directed IR MSCs not leading to off-target cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Nogueira-Pedro
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena Regina Comodo Segreto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kathryn D Held
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Carolina Carvalho Dias
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Araceli Aparecida Hastreiter
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Naoto Makiyama
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edgar Julian Paredes-Gamero
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Primavera Borelli
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ambrósio Fock
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Bellei B, Migliano E, Picardo M. Research update of adipose tissue-based therapies in regenerative dermatology. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1956-1973. [PMID: 35230644 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10328-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have a spontaneous propensity to support tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Among the several sources of MSCs, adipose-derived tissue stem cells (ADSCs) have received major interest due to the higher mesenchymal stem cells concentration, ease, and safety of access. However, since a significant part of the natural capacity of ADSCs to repair damaged tissue is ascribable to their secretory activity that combines mitogenic factors, cytokines, chemokines, lipids, and extracellular matrix components, several studies focused on cell-free strategies. Furthermore, adipose cell-free derivatives are becoming more attractive especially for non-volumizing purposes, such as most dermatological conditions. However, when keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, adipocytes, and hair follicle cells might not be locally sourced, graft of materials containing concentrated ADSCs is preferred. The usage of extracellular elements of adipose tissue aims to promote a self-autonomous regenerative microenvironment in the receiving area restoring physiological homeostasis. Hence, ADSCs or their paracrine activity are currently being studied in several dermatological settings including wound healing, skin fibrosis, burn, and aging.The present work analyzing both preclinical and clinical experiences gives an overview of the efficacy of adipose tissue-derivatives like autologous fat, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), purified ADSCs, secretome and extracellular matrix graft in the field of regenerative medicine for the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Emilia Migliano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
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13
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Human mesenchymal stromal cells maintain their stem cell traits after high-LET particle irradiation - Potential implications for particle radiotherapy and manned space missions. Cancer Lett 2022; 524:172-181. [PMID: 34688844 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The influence of high-linear energy transfer (LET) particle radiation on the functionalities of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is largely unknown. Here, we analyzed the effects of proton (1H), helium (4He), carbon (12C) and oxygen (16O) ions on human bone marrow-MSCs. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis induction were examined by flow cytometry, and DNA damage was quantified using γH2AX immunofluorescence and Western blots. Relative biological effectiveness values of MSCs amounted to 1.0-1.1 for 1H, 1.7-2.3 for 4He, 2.9-3.4 for 12C and 2.6-3.3 for 16O. Particle radiation did not alter the MSCs' characteristic surface marker pattern, and MSCs maintained their multi-lineage differentiation capabilities. Apoptosis rates ranged low for all radiation modalities. At 24 h after irradiation, particle radiation-induced ATM and CHK2 phosphorylation as well as γH2AX foci numbers returned to baseline levels. The resistance of human MSCs to high-LET irradiation suggests that MSCs remain functional after exposure to moderate doses of particle radiation as seen in normal tissues after particle radiotherapy or during manned space flights. In the future, in vivo models focusing on long-term consequences of particle irradiation on the bone marrow niche and MSCs are needed.
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14
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Li F, Zhang R, Hu C, Ran Q, Xiang Y, Xiang L, Chen L, Yang Y, Li SC, Zhang G, Li Z. Irradiation Haematopoiesis Recovery Orchestrated by IL-12/IL-12Rβ1/TYK2/STAT3-Initiated Osteogenic Differentiation of Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:729293. [PMID: 34540843 PMCID: PMC8446663 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.729293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Repairing the irradiation-induced osteogenic differentiation injury of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) is beneficial to recovering haematopoiesis injury in radiotherapy; however, its mechanism is elusive. Our study aimed to help meet the needs of understanding the effects of radiotherapy on BM-MSC osteogenic potential. Methods and Materials Balb/c mice and the BM-MSCs were used to evaluate the irradiation-induced osteogenic differentiation injury in vivo. The cellular and molecular characterization were applied to determine the mechanism for recovery of irradiation-derived haematopoiesis injuries. Results We report a functional role of IL-12 in acute irradiation hematopoietic injury recovery and intend to dissect the possible mechanisms through BM-MSC, other than the direct effect of IL-12 on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Specifically, we show that early use of IL-12 enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs through IL-12Rβ1/TYK2/STAT3 signaling; furthermore, IL-12 induced osteogenesis facilitated bone formation and irradiation hematopoiesis recovery when transplanted BM-MSCs in the femur of Balb/c mice. For the mechanism of action, we found that IL-12 receptor beta 1 (IL-12Rβ1) expression of irradiated BM-MSCs was upregulated rapidly, coincidentally consistent with early use of IL-12 induced osteogenic differentiation enhancement. IL-12Rβ1 and tyrosine kinase 2 gene (Tyk2) silencing experiments and phosphotyrosine of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) suppression experiments indicated the IL-12Rβ1/TYK2/STAT3 signaling was essential in IL-12-induced osteogenic differentiation enhancement of BM-MSCs. Conclusion These findings suggested that IL-12 may exert BM-MSCs-based hematopoietic recovery by repairing osteogenic differentiation abilities damages through IL-12Rβ1/TYK2/STAT3 signaling pathway post-irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Irradiation Biology Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changpeng Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Ran
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Irradiation Biology Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Irradiation Biology Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixin Xiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Irradiation Biology Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Irradiation Biology Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Irradiation Biology Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengwen Calvin Li
- CHOC Children's Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Orange County, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Irradiation Biology Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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15
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Galderisi U, Peluso G, Di Bernardo G. Clinical Trials Based on Mesenchymal Stromal Cells are Exponentially Increasing: Where are We in Recent Years? Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:23-36. [PMID: 34398443 PMCID: PMC8365566 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10231-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), present in the stromal component of several tissues, include multipotent stem cells, progenitors, and differentiated cells. MSCs have quickly attracted considerable attention in the clinical field for their regenerative properties and their ability to promote tissue homeostasis following injury. In recent years, MSCs mainly isolated from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord—have been utilized in hundreds of clinical trials for the treatment of various diseases. However, in addition to some successes, MSC-based therapies have experienced several failures. The number of new trials with MSCs is exponentially growing; still, complete results are only available for a limited number of trials. This dearth does not help prevent potentially inefficacious and unnecessary clinical trials. Results from unsuccessful studies may be useful in planning new therapeutic approaches to improve clinical outcomes. In order to bolster critical analysis of trial results, we reviewed the state of art of MSC clinical trials that have been published in the last six years. Most of the 416 published trials evaluated MSCs’ effectiveness in treating cardiovascular diseases, GvHD, and brain and neurological disorders, although some trials sought to treat immune system diseases and wounds and to restore tissue. We also report some unorthodox clinical trials that include unusual studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, Naples, Italy.,Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKÖK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | - Giovanni Di Bernardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, Naples, Italy. .,Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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16
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Atkinson SP. A preview of selected articles. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 38:1051-1054. [PMID: 32853480 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Rühle A, Grosu AL, Nicolay NH. The Particle Radiobiology of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Key to Mitigating Radiation-Induced Tissue Toxicities in Cancer Treatment and Beyond? Front Oncol 2021; 11:616831. [PMID: 33912447 PMCID: PMC8071947 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.616831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) comprise a heterogeneous population of multipotent stromal cells that have gained attention for the treatment of irradiation-induced normal tissue toxicities due to their regenerative abilities. As the vast majority of studies focused on the effects of MSCs for photon irradiation-induced toxicities, little is known about the regenerative abilities of MSCs for particle irradiation-induced tissue damage or the effects of particle irradiation on the stem cell characteristics of MSCs themselves. MSC-based therapies may help treat particle irradiation-related tissue lesions in the context of cancer radiotherapy. As the number of clinical proton therapy centers is increasing, there is a need to decidedly investigate MSC-based treatments for particle irradiation-induced sequelae. Furthermore, therapies with MSCs or MSC-derived exosomes may also become a useful tool for manned space exploration or after radiation accidents and nuclear terrorism. However, such treatments require an in-depth knowledge about the effects of particle radiation on MSCs and the effects of MSCs on particle radiation-injured tissues. Here, the existing body of evidence regarding the particle radiobiology of MSCs as well as regarding MSC-based treatments for some typical particle irradiation-induced toxicities is presented and critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rühle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anca-Ligia Grosu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Boemi I, Lisa AVE, Vitali E, Liman N, Battistini A, Barbera F, Maione L, Vinci V, Klinger MEA, Lania AGA. Evaluation of the ex vivo Effects of Tamoxifen on Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: A Pilot Study. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:555248. [PMID: 33829011 PMCID: PMC8019789 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.555248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous fat grafting (AFG) is a safe and minimally invasive procedure to correct soft tissue defects. The benefit of AFG is attributed to adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in fat tissue graft. This technique is useful also in patients undergoing reconstructive surgery following quadrantectomy for breast cancer. However, these patients are frequently treated with tamoxifen. We evaluated the ex vivo effects of tamoxifen on ASCs to understand if cellular functions of ASCs are affected. We selected 24 female patients; 10 of which were breast cancer patients treated with quadrantectomy and tamoxifen. As control group, we selected 14 healthy female subjects (9 premenopausal and 5 menopausal). We found that tamoxifen has no effect on cellular proliferation, VEGF secretion or apoptosis of ASCs. The gene expression assessment demonstrated no impairment in differentiation capacity of ASCs. Our results showed that tamoxifen has no effect on cellular functions of ASCs for the first time in an ex vivo single-center study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilena Boemi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Endocrinology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Vittorio Emanuele Lisa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Plastic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Eleonora Vitali
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Endocrinology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Nurçin Liman
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Endocrinology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Andrea Battistini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Plastic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Federico Barbera
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Plastic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Luca Maione
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Plastic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy.,Plastic Surgery Unit, Clinica San Carlo, Paderno Dugnano, Italy
| | - Valeriano Vinci
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Plastic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Marco Ettore Attilio Klinger
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Plastic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Andrea Gerardo Antonio Lania
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Endocrinology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
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19
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Konkova M, Abramova M, Kalianov A, Ershova E, Dolgikh O, Umriukhin P, Izhevskaya V, Kutsev S, Veiko N, Kostyuk S. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Early Response to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:584497. [PMID: 33381502 PMCID: PMC7767887 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.584497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are applied as the therapeutic agents, e.g., in the tumor radiation therapy. Purpose of the Study To evaluate the human adipose MSC early response to low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR). Materials and Methods We investigated different LDIR (3, 10, and 50 cGy) effects on reactive oxygen species production, DNA oxidation (marker 8-oxodG), and DNA breaks (marker ɣ H2AX) in the two lines of human adipose MSC. Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and fluorescence microscopy, we determined expression of genes involved in the oxidative stress development (NOX4), antioxidative response (NRF2), antiapoptotic and proapoptotic response (BCL2, BCL2A1, BCL2L1, BIRC2, BIRC3, and BAX1), in the development of the nuclear DNA damage response (DDR) (BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, and P53). Cell cycle changes were investigated by genes transcription changes (CCND1, CDKN2A, and CDKN1A) and using proliferation markers KI-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Results Fifteen to 120 min after exposure to LDIR in MSCs, transient oxidative stress and apoptosis of the most damaged cells against the background of the cell cycle arrest were induced. Simultaneously, DDR and an antiapoptotic response were found in other cells of the population. The 10-cGy dose causes the strongest and fastest DDR following cell nuclei DNA damage. The 3-cGy dose induces a less noticeable and prolonged response. The maximal low range dose, 50 cGy, causes a damaging effect on the MSCs. Conclusion Transient oxidative stress and the death of a small fraction of the damaged cells are essential components of the MSC population response to LDIR along with the development of DDR and antiapoptotic response. A scheme describing the early MSC response to LDIR is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Konkova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Margarita Abramova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Kalianov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elizaveta Ershova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Dolgikh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Umriukhin
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia.,P.K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vera Izhevskaya
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Kutsev
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Veiko
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Kostyuk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
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20
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Zohni K, Lopez L, Mander P, Szaraz P, Filice M, Wyse BA, Garcia M, Gat I, Glass K, Gauthier-Fisher A, Librach CL. Human umbilical cord perivascular cells maintain regenerative traits following exposure to cyclophosphamide. Cancer Lett 2020; 501:133-146. [PMID: 33387641 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapies can cause germ cell depletion and gonadal failure. When injected post-chemotherapy, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from various sources have been shown to have regenerative effects in rodent models of chemotherapy-induced gonadal injury. Here, we evaluated two properties of a novel source of MSC, first trimester (FTM) human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVCs) (with increased regenerative potential compared to older sources), that may render them a promising candidate for chemotherapeutic gonadal injury prevention. Firstly, their ability to resist the cytotoxic effects of cyclophosphamide (CTX) in vitro, as compared to term HUCPVCs and bone marrow cells (BMSCs); and secondly, whether they prevent gonadal dysfunction if delivered prior to gonadotoxic therapy in vivo. BMSC, FTM HUCPVC, term HUCPVC, and control NTERA2 cells were treated with moderate (150 μmol/L) and high (300 μmol/L) doses of CTX in vitro. Viability, proliferative capacity, mesenchymal cell lineage markers and differentiation capacity, immunogenicity, and paracrine gene expression were assessed. CTX was administered to Wistar rats 2 days following an intra-ovarian injection of FTM HUCPVC. HUCPVC survival and ovarian follicle numbers were assessed using histological methods. We conclude that FTM HUCPVC maintain key regenerative properties following chemotherapy exposure and that pre-treatment with these cells may prevent CTX-induced ovarian damage in vivo. Therefore, HUCPVCs are promising candidates for fertility preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Zohni
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Heartland Fertility and Gynecology Clinic, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianet Lopez
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Peter Szaraz
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Itai Gat
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Pinchas Borenstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Ramat Gan, Affiliated to Sackler Medical School, University of Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karen Glass
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Clifford L Librach
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Gynecology, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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21
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Kuntz L, Noel G. [Pelvic irradiation and hematopoietic toxicity: A review of the literature]. Cancer Radiother 2020; 25:77-91. [PMID: 33358082 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2020.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Pelvic bone marrow is the site of nearly 50% of total hematopoiesis. Radiation therapy of pelvic lymph node areas, and cancers located near the bony structures of the pelvis, exposes to hematological toxicity in the range of 30 to 70%. This toxicity depends on many factors, including the presence or absence of concomitant chemotherapy and its type, the volume of irradiated bone, the received doses, or the initial hematopoietic reserve. Intensity modulated radiation therapy allows the optimisation of dose deposit on at risk organs while providing optimal coverage of target volumes. However, this suggests that dose constraints should be known precisely to limit the incidence of radiation side effects. This literature review focuses firstly on pelvic lymph node areas and bony volumes nearby, then on the effects of irradiation on bone marrow and the current dosimetric constraints resulting from it, and finally on hematological toxicities by carcinologic location and progress in reducing these toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kuntz
- Département de radiothérapie, institut de cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), 17, rue Albert-Calmette, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - G Noel
- Département de radiothérapie, institut de cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), 17, rue Albert-Calmette, 67200 Strasbourg, France.
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22
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Janagama D, Hui SK. 3-D Cell Culture Systems in Bone Marrow Tissue and Organoid Engineering, and BM Phantoms as In Vitro Models of Hematological Cancer Therapeutics-A Review. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13245609. [PMID: 33316977 PMCID: PMC7763362 DOI: 10.3390/ma13245609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We review the state-of-the-art in bone and marrow tissue engineering (BMTE) and hematological cancer tissue engineering (HCTE) in light of the recent interest in bone marrow environment and pathophysiology of hematological cancers. This review focuses on engineered BM tissue and organoids as in vitro models of hematological cancer therapeutics, along with identification of BM components and their integration as synthetically engineered BM mimetic scaffolds. In addition, the review details interaction dynamics of various BM and hematologic cancer (HC) cell types in co-culture systems of engineered BM tissues/phantoms as well as their relation to drug resistance and cytotoxicity. Interaction between hematological cancer cells and their niche, and the difference with respect to the healthy niche microenvironment narrated. Future perspectives of BMTE for in vitro disease models, BM regeneration and large scale ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells for transplantation and therapy are explained. We conclude by overviewing the clinical application of biomaterials in BM and HC pathophysiology and its challenges and opportunities.
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23
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I T, Ueda Y, Wörsdörfer P, Sumita Y, Asahina I, Ergün S. Resident CD34-positive cells contribute to peri-endothelial cells and vascular morphogenesis in salivary gland after irradiation. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2020; 127:1467-1479. [PMID: 33025085 PMCID: PMC7578140 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-020-02256-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Salivary gland (SG) hypofunction is a common post-radiotherapy complication. Besides the parenchymal damage after irradiation (IR), there are also effects on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which were shown to contribute to regeneration and repair of damaged tissues by differentiating into stromal cell types or releasing vesicles and soluble factors supporting the healing processes. However, there are no adequate reports about their roles during SG damage and regeneration so far. Using an irradiated SG mouse model, we performed certain immunostainings on tissue sections of submandibular glands at different time points after IR. Immunostaining for CD31 revealed that already one day after IR, vascular impairment was induced at the level of capillaries. In addition, the expression of CD44—a marker of acinar cells—diminished gradually after IR and, by 20 weeks, almost disappeared. In contrast, the number of CD34-positive cells significantly increased 4 weeks after IR and some of the CD34-positive cells were found to reside within the adventitia of arteries and veins. Laser confocal microscopic analyses revealed an accumulation of CD34-positive cells within the area of damaged capillaries where they were in close contact to the CD31-positive endothelial cells. At 4 weeks after IR, a fraction of the CD34-positive cells underwent differentiation into α-SMA-positive cells, which suggests that they may contribute to regeneration of smooth muscle cells and/or pericytes covering the small vessels from the outside. In conclusion, SG-resident CD34-positive cells represent a population of progenitors that could contribute to new vessel formation and/or remodeling of the pre-existing vessels after IR and thus, might be an important player during SG tissue healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi I
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. .,Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Yuichiro Ueda
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Wörsdörfer
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yoshinori Sumita
- Basic and Translational Research Center for Hard Tissue Disease, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Izumi Asahina
- Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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24
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Lou B, Hu Y, Lu X, Zhang X, Li Y, Pi J, Xu Y. Long-isoform NRF1 protects against arsenic cytotoxicity in mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by suppressing mitochondrial ROS and facilitating arsenic efflux. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 407:115251. [PMID: 32980394 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute exposure to arsenic is known to cause bone marrow depression and result in anemia, in which the dusfunction of cells in the bone marrow niche such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is vital. However, the mechanism underlying response of MSCs to arsenic challange is not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF) 1 (NRF1), a sister member of the well-known master regulator in antioxidative response NRF2, in arsenite-induced cytotoxicity in mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs (mBM-MSCs). We found that arsenite exposure induced significant increase in the protein level of long-isoform NRF1 (L-NRF1). Though short-isoform NRF1 (S-NRF1) was induced by arsenite at mRNA level, its protein level was not obviously altered. Silencing L-Nrf1 sensitized the cells to arsenite-induced cytotoxicity. L-Nrf1-silenced mBM-MSCs showed decreased arsenic efflux with reduced expression of arsenic transporter ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 4 (ABCC4), as well as compromised NRF2-mediated antioxidative defense with elevated level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) under arsenite-exposed conditions. A specific mtROS scavenger (Mito-quinone) alleviated cell apoptosis induced by arsenite in L-Nrf1-silenced mBM-MSCs. Taken together, these findings suggest that L-NRF1 protects mBM-MSCs from arsenite-induced cytotoxicity via suppressing mtROS in addition to facilitating cellular arsenic efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lou
- Laboratory of Chronic Diseases and Environmental Genetics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Yuxin Hu
- Experimental Teaching Center, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Lu
- Laboratory of Chronic Diseases and Environmental Genetics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Chronic Diseases and Environmental Genetics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Yongfang Li
- The Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China; Research Center of Environment and Non-Communicable Diseases, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Experimental Teaching Center, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China; Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Laboratory of Chronic Diseases and Environmental Genetics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China; Experimental Teaching Center, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China.
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25
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Chinnadurai R, Forsberg MH, Kink JA, Hematti P, Capitini CM. Use of MSCs and MSC-educated macrophages to mitigate hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2020; 6:77-85. [PMID: 32944493 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-020-00176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Innovative and minimally toxic treatment approaches are sorely needed for the prevention and treatment of hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS). Cell therapies have been increasingly studied for their potential use as countermeasures for accidental and intentional ionizing radiation exposures which can lead to fatal ARS. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are a cell therapy that have shown promising results in preclinical studies of ARS, and are being developed in clinical trials specifically for H-ARS. MSCs, MSC-educated macrophages (MEMs) and MSC-exosome educated macrophages (EEMs) all have the potential to be used as adoptive cell therapies for H-ARS. Here we review how MSCs have been reported to mitigate inflammation from radiation injury while also stimulating hematopoiesis during ARS. Recent findings We discuss emerging work with immune cell subsets educated by MSCs, including MEMs and EEMs, in promoting hematopoiesis in xenogeneic models of ARS. We also discuss the first placental-derived MSC product to enter phase I trials, PLX-R18, and the challenges faced by bringing MSC and other cell therapies into the clinic for treating ARS. Summary Although MSCs, MEMs and EEMs are potential cell therapy candidates in promoting hematopoietic HRS, challenges persist in translational clinical development of these products to the clinic. Whether any of these cellular therapies will be sufficient as stand-alone therapies to mitigate H-ARS or if they will be a bridging therapy that insures survival until a curative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant can be performed are the key questions that will have to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavan Chinnadurai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA
| | - Matthew H Forsberg
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - John A Kink
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.,Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.,Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Christian M Capitini
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.,Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
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26
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Stavely R, Nurgali K. The emerging antioxidant paradigm of mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:985-1006. [PMID: 32497410 PMCID: PMC7445024 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (multipotent stromal cells; MSCs) have been under investigation for the treatment of diverse diseases, with many promising outcomes achieved in animal models and clinical trials. The biological activity of MSC therapies has not been fully resolved which is critical to rationalizing their use and developing strategies to enhance treatment efficacy. Different paradigms have been constructed to explain their mechanism of action, including tissue regeneration, trophic/anti-inflammatory secretion, and immunomodulation. MSCs rarely engraft and differentiate into other cell types after in vivo administration. Furthermore, it is equivocal whether MSCs function via the secretion of many peptide/protein ligands as their therapeutic properties are observed across xenogeneic barriers, which is suggestive of mechanisms involving mediators conserved between species. Oxidative stress is concomitant with cellular injury, inflammation, and dysregulated metabolism which are involved in many pathologies. Growing evidence supports that MSCs exert antioxidant properties in a variety of animal models of disease, which may explain their cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. In this review, evidence of the antioxidant effects of MSCs in in vivo and in vitro models is explored and potential mechanisms of these effects are discussed. These include direct scavenging of free radicals, promoting endogenous antioxidant defenses, immunomodulation via reactive oxygen species suppression, altering mitochondrial bioenergetics, and donating functional mitochondria to damaged cells. Modulation of the redox environment and oxidative stress by MSCs can mediate their anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties and may offer an explanation to the diversity in disease models treatable by MSCs and how these mechanisms may be conserved between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhian Stavely
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine Western Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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27
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Vernot JP. Senescence-Associated Pro-inflammatory Cytokines and Tumor Cell Plasticity. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:63. [PMID: 32478091 PMCID: PMC7237636 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The well-recognized cell phenotypic heterogeneity in tumors is a great challenge for cancer treatment. Dynamic interconversion and movement within a spectrum of different cell phenotypes (cellular plasticity) with the acquisition of specific cell functions is a fascinating biological puzzle, that represent an additional difficulty for cancer treatment and novel therapies development. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for moving or stabilizing tumor cells within this spectrum of variable states constitutes a valuable tool to overcome these challenges. In particular, cell transitions between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes (EMT-MET) and de-and trans-differentiation processes are relevant, since it has been shown that they confer invasiveness, drug resistance, and metastatic ability, due to the simultaneous acquisition of stem-like cell properties. Multiple drivers participate in these cell conversions events. In particular, cellular senescence and senescence-associated soluble factors have been shown to unveil stem-like cell properties and cell plasticity. By modulating gradually the composition of their secretome and the time of exposure, senescent cells may have differential effect not only on tumor cells but also on surrounding cells. Intriguingly, tumor cells that scape from senescence acquire stem-like cell properties and aggressiveness. The reinforcement of senescence and inflammation by soluble factors and the participation of immune cells may provide a dynamic milieu having varied effects on cell transitions, reprogramming, plasticity, stemness and therefore heterogeneity. This will confer different epithelial/mesenchymal traits (hybrid phenotype) and stem-like cell properties, combinations of which, in a particular cell context, could be responsible for different cellular functions during cancer progression (survival, migration, invasion, colonization or proliferation). Additionally, cooperative behavior between cell subpopulations with different phenotypes/stemness functions could also modulate their cellular plasticity. Here, we will discuss the role of senescence and senescence-associated pro-inflammatory cytokines on the induction of cellular plasticity, their effect role in establishing particular states within this spectrum of cell phenotypes and how this is accompanied by stem-like cell properties that, as the epithelial transitions, may also have a continuum of characteristics providing tumor cells with functional adaptability specifically useful in the different stages of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paul Vernot
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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28
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Alafate W, Li X, Zuo J, Zhang H, Xiang J, Wu W, Xie W, Bai X, Wang M, Wang J. Elevation of CXCL1 indicates poor prognosis and radioresistance by inducing mesenchymal transition in glioblastoma. CNS Neurosci Ther 2020; 26:475-485. [PMID: 32187449 PMCID: PMC7080429 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma (GBM) is identified as a lethal malignant tumor derived from the nervous system. Despite the standard clinical strategy including maximum surgical resection, temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the median survival of GBM patients remains <15 months. Accumulating evidence indicates that rapid-acquired radioresistance is one of the most common reasons for GBM recurrence. Therefore, developing novel therapeutic targets for radioresistant GBM could yield long-term cures. AIMS To investigate the functional role of CXCL1 in the acquired radioresistance and identify the molecular pathway correlated to CXCL1. RESULTS In this study, we identified that CXCL1 is highly expressed in GBM and the elevation of CXCL1 is involved in radioresistance and poor prognosis in GBM patients. Additionally, silencing CXCL1 attenuated the proliferation and radioresistance of GBM cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CXCL1-overexpression induced radioresistance through mesenchymal transition of GBM via the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. CONCLUSION CXCL1 was highly enriched in GBM and positively correlated with poor prognosis in GBM patients. Additionally, elevated CXCL1 induced radioresistance in GBM through regulation of NF-κB signaling by promoting mesenchymal transition in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahafu Alafate
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
- Center of Brain ScienceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jie Zuo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
- Center of Brain ScienceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jianyang Xiang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Wanfu Xie
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xiaobin Bai
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Maode Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
- Center of Brain ScienceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
- Center of Brain ScienceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
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29
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Xiang LX, Ran Q, Chen L, Xiang Y, Li FJ, Zhang XM, Xiao YN, Zou LY, Zhong JF, Li SC, Li ZJ. CR6-interacting factor-1 contributes to osteoclastogenesis by inducing receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand after radiation. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:222-240. [PMID: 32266053 PMCID: PMC7118287 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i3.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation induces rapid bone loss and enhances bone resorption and adipogenesis, leading to an increased risk of bone fracture. There is still a lack of effective preventive or therapeutic method for irradiation-induced bone injury. Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) provides the crucial signal to induce osteoclast differentiation and plays an important role in bone resorption. However, the mechanisms of radiation-induced osteoporosis are not fully understood.
AIM To investigate the role of CR6-interacting factor-1 (Crif1) in osteoclastogenesis after radiation and its possible mechanism.
METHODS C57BL/6 mice were exposed to Co-60 gamma rays and received 5 Gy of whole-body sublethal irradiation at a rate of 0.69 Gy/min. For in vitro study, mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs) were irradiated with Co-60 at a single dose of 9 Gy. For osteoclast induction, monocyte-macrophage RAW264.7 cells were cocultured with mouse BM-MSCs for 7 d. ClusPro and InterProSurf were used to investigate the interaction interface in Crif1 and protein kinase cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-activited catalytic subunit alpha complex. Virtual screening using 462608 compounds from the Life Chemicals database around His120 of Crif1 was carried out using the program Autodock_vina. A tetrazolium salt (WST-8) assay was carried out to study the toxicity of compounds to different cells, including human BM-MSCs, mouse BM-MSCs, and Vero cells.
RESULTS Crif1 expression increased in bone marrow cells after radiation in mice. Overexpression of Crif1 in mouse BM-MSCs and radiation exposure could increase RANKL secretion and promote osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Deletion of Crif1 in BM-MSCs could reduce both adipogenesis and RANKL expression, resulting in the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. Deletion of Crif1 in RAW264.7 cells did not affect the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB expression or osteoclast differentiation. Following treatment with protein kinase A (PKA) agonist (forskolin) and inhibitor (H-89) in mouse BM-MSCs, Crif1 induced RANKL secretion via the cAMP/PKA pathway. Moreover, we identified the Crif1-protein kinase cyclic adenosine monophosphate-activited catalytic subunit alpha interaction interface by in silico studies and shortlisted interface inhibitors through virtual screening on Crif1. Five compounds dramatically suppressed RANKL secretion and adipogenesis by inhibiting the cAMP/PKA pathway.
CONCLUSION Crif1 promotes RANKL expression via the cAMP/PKA pathway, which induces osteoclastogenesis by binding to receptor activator of nuclear factor κB on monocytes-macrophages in the mouse model. These results suggest a role for Crif1 in modulating osteoclastogenesis and provide insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting the balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis for radiation-induced bone injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xin Xiang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Qian Ran
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Li Chen
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Feng-Jie Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Yan-Ni Xiao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Ling-Yun Zou
- Bioinformatics Center, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiang F Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Shengwen Calvin Li
- CHOC Children’s Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, United States
| | - Zhong-Jun Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Blood Transfusion, Lab of Radiation Biology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
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Jezierska-Wozniak K, Sinderewicz E, Czelejewska W, Wojtacha P, Barczewska M, Maksymowicz W. Influence of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy on Oxidative Stress Intensity in Minimally Conscious State Patients. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E683. [PMID: 32138308 PMCID: PMC7141306 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders, including minimally conscious state (MCS), may be associated with the presence of high concentrations of reactive oxygen species within the central nervous system. Regarding the documented role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in oxidative stress neutralization, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of bone marrow-derived MSC (BM-MSC) transplantation on selected markers of oxidative stress in MCS patients. Antioxidant capacity was measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma collected from nine patients aged between 19 and 45 years, remaining in MCS for 3 to 14 months. Total antioxidant capacity, ascorbic acid and ascorbate concentrations, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase activity were analyzed and the presence of tested antioxidants in the CSF and plasma was confirmed. Higher ascorbic acid (AA) content and catalase (CAT) activity were noted in CSF relative to plasma, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total antioxidant capacity were higher in plasma relative to CSF. Total antioxidant capacity measured in CSF was greater after BM-MSC transplantations. The content of ascorbates was lower and CAT activity was higher both in CSF and plasma after the administration of BM-MSC. The above results suggest that MSCs modulate oxidative stress intensity in MCS patients, mainly via ascorbates and CAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Jezierska-Wozniak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.S.); (W.C.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Emilia Sinderewicz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.S.); (W.C.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Wioleta Czelejewska
- Department of Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.S.); (W.C.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Pawel Wojtacha
- Department of Industrial and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Cieszynski 1 Str., 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Monika Barczewska
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Wojciech Maksymowicz
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.B.); (W.M.)
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Downregulation of MicroRNA-206 Alleviates the Sublethal Oxidative Stress-Induced Premature Senescence and Dysfunction in Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Targeting Alpl. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7242836. [PMID: 32148656 PMCID: PMC7042556 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7242836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown great promise in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; however, the regenerative capacity of senescent MSCs is greatly reduced, thus exhibiting limited therapy potential. Previous studies uncovered that microRNA-206 (miR-206) could largely regulate cell functions, including cell proliferation, survival, and apoptosis, but whether miR-206 is involved in the senescent process of MSCs remains unknown. In this study, we mainly elucidated the effects of miR-206 on MSC senescence and the underlying mechanism. We discovered that miR-206 was upregulated in the senescent MSCs induced by H2O2, and abrogation of miR-206 could alleviate this tendency. Besides, we determined that by targeting Alpl, miR-206 could ameliorate the impaired migration and paracrine function in MSCs reduced by H2O2. In vivo study, we revealed that inhibition of miR-206 in senescent MSCs could effectively protect their potential for myocardial infarction treatment in a rat MI model. In summary, we examined that inhibition of miR-206 in MSCs can alleviate H2O2-induced senescence and dysfunction, thus protecting its therapeutic potential.
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32
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Black L, Zorina T. Cell-based immunomodulatory therapy approaches for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:380-391. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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33
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Lopez Perez R, Brauer J, Rühle A, Trinh T, Sisombath S, Wuchter P, Grosu AL, Debus J, Saffrich R, Huber PE, Nicolay NH. Human mesenchymal stem cells are resistant to UV-B irradiation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20000. [PMID: 31882818 PMCID: PMC6934474 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56591-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Albeit being an effective therapy for various cutaneous conditions, UV-B irradiation can cause severe skin damage. While multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may aid the regeneration of UV-B-induced skin injuries, the influence of UV-B irradiation on MSCs remains widely unknown. Here, we show that human MSCs are relatively resistant to UV-B irradiation compared to dermal fibroblasts. MSCs exhibited higher clonogenic survival, proliferative activity and viability than dermal fibroblasts after exposure to UV-B irradiation. Cellular adhesion, morphology and expression of characteristic surface marker patterns remained largely unaffected in UV-irradiated MSCs. The differentiation ability along the adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages was preserved after UV-B treatment. However, UV-B radiation resulted in a reduced ability of MSCs and dermal fibroblasts to migrate. MSCs exhibited low apoptosis rates after UV-B irradiation and repaired UV-B-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers more efficiently than dermal fibroblasts. UV-B irradiation led to prolonged p53 protein stability and increased p21 protein expression resulting in a prolonged G2 arrest and senescence induction in MSCs. The observed resistance may contribute to the ability of these multipotent cells to aid the regeneration of UV-B-induced skin injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Lopez Perez
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jannek Brauer
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Rühle
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thuy Trinh
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sonevisay Sisombath
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Wuchter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anca-Ligia Grosu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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34
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He N, Xiao C, Sun Y, Wang Y, Du L, Feng Y, Liu Y, Wang Q, Ji K, Wang J, Zhang M, Xu C, Liu Q. Radiation Responses of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived From Different Sources. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325819893210. [PMID: 31839760 PMCID: PMC6902398 DOI: 10.1177/1559325819893210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from different tissues may aid in the regeneration of radiation-induced organ lesions; however, the radiation responses of human MSCs from different sources are unknown. In our study, a comparison of the results from cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, DNA damage, and DNA repair assays consistently showed that MSCs derived from adipose tissue possess a significantly stronger radiation resistance capacity than MSCs derived from umbilical cord and gingival, which is accompanied by a higher level of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) expression. This reminds us Stat3 could be a potential biomarker of radiation resistance. These findings provide a better understanding of radiation-induced biologic responses in MSCs and may lead to the development of better strategies for stem cell treatment and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Changyan Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxiao Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Liqing Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Respiratory, Tianjin people's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaihua Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinhan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Manman Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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35
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CRIF1 as a potential target to improve the radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:20511-20516. [PMID: 31548420 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1906578116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to ionizing radiation (IR), which is a conventional treatment for osteosarcoma that cannot be resected, undermines the efficacy of this therapy. However, the mechanism by which IR induces radioresistance in osteosarcoma is not defined. Here, we report that CR6-interacting factor-1 (CRIF1) is highly expressed in osteosarcoma and undergoes nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) after IR. Osteosarcoma cells lacking CRIF1 show increased sensitivity to IR, which is associated with delayed DNA damage repair, inactivated G1/S checkpoint, and mitochondrial dysfunction. CRIF1 interacts with the DNA damage checkpoint regulator CDK2, and CRIF1 and CDK2 colocalize in the nucleus after IR. Nuclear localization of CDK2 is associated with phosphorylation changes that promote DNA repair and activation of the G1/S checkpoint. CRIF1 knockdown synergized with IR in an in vivo osteosarcoma model, leading to tumor regression. Based on these findings, we identify CRIF1 as a potential therapeutic target in osteosarcoma that can increase the efficacy of radiotherapy. More broadly, our findings may provide insights into the mechanism for other types of radioresistant cancers and be exploited for therapeutic ends.
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36
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Zanoni M, Cortesi M, Zamagni A, Tesei A. The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Radiation-Induced Lung Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3876. [PMID: 31398940 PMCID: PMC6719901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is one of the most important treatment modalities for thoracic tumors. Despite significant advances in radiation techniques, radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) still occurs in up to 30% of patients undergoing thoracic radiotherapy, and therefore remains the main dose-limiting obstacle. RILI is a potentially lethal clinical complication of radiotherapy that has 2 main stages: an acute stage defined as radiation pneumonitis, and a late stage defined as radiation-induced lung fibrosis. Patients who develop lung fibrosis have a reduced quality of life with progressive and irreversible organ malfunction. Currently, the most effective intervention for the treatment of lung fibrosis is lung transplantation, but the lack of available lungs and transplantation-related complications severely limits the success of this procedure. Over the last few decades, advances have been reported in the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for lung tissue repair and regeneration. MSCs not only replace damaged lung epithelial cells but also promote tissue repair through the secretion of anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic factors. Here, we present an overview of MSC-based therapy for radiation-induced lung fibrosis, focusing in particular on the molecular mechanisms involved and describing the most recent preclinical and clinical studies carried out in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Zanoni
- Bioscience Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
| | - Michela Cortesi
- Bioscience Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - Alice Zamagni
- Bioscience Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - Anna Tesei
- Bioscience Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
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37
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Hladik D, Höfig I, Oestreicher U, Beckers J, Matjanovski M, Bao X, Scherthan H, Atkinson MJ, Rosemann M. Long-term culture of mesenchymal stem cells impairs ATM-dependent recognition of DNA breaks and increases genetic instability. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:218. [PMID: 31358047 PMCID: PMC6664790 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1334-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attracting increasing interest for cell-based therapies, making use of both their immuno-modulating and regenerative potential. For such therapeutic applications, a massive in vitro expansion of donor cells is usually necessary to furnish sufficient material for transplantation. It is not established to what extent the long-term genomic stability and potency of MSCs can be compromised as a result of this rapid ex vivo expansion. In this study, we investigated the DNA damage response and chromosomal stability (indicated by micronuclei induction) after sub-lethal doses of gamma irradiation in murine MSCs at different stages of their in vitro expansion. METHODS Bone-marrow-derived tri-potent MSCs were explanted from 3-month-old female FVB/N mice and expanded in vitro for up to 12 weeks. DNA damage response and repair kinetics after gamma irradiation were quantified by the induction of γH2AX/53BP1 DSB repair foci. Micronuclei were counted in post-mitotic, binucleated cells using an automated image analyzer Metafer4. Involvement of DNA damage response pathways was tested using chemical ATM and DNA-PK inhibitors. RESULTS Murine bone-marrow-derived MSCs in long-term expansion culture gradually lose their ability to recognize endogenous and radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks. This impaired DNA damage response, indicated by a decrease in the number of γH2AX/53BP1 DSB repair foci, was associated with reduced ATM dependency of foci formation, a slower DNA repair kinetics, and an increased number of residual DNA double-strand breaks 7 h post irradiation. In parallel with this impaired efficiency of DNA break recognition and repair in older MSCs, chromosomal instability after mitosis increased significantly as shown by a higher number of micronuclei, both spontaneously and induced by γ-irradiation. Multifactorial regression analysis demonstrates that in vitro aging reduced DNA damage recognition in MSCs after irradiation by a multiplicative interaction with dose (p < 0.0001), whereas the increased frequency of micronuclei was caused by an additive interaction between in vitro aging and radiation dose. CONCLUSION The detrimental impact of long-term in vitro expansion on DNA damage response of MSCs warrants a regular monitoring of this process during the ex vivo growth of these cells to improve therapeutic safety and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Hladik
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ines Höfig
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Present Address: BioNTech IMFS, Vollmersbachstr. 66, 55743, Idar-Oberstein, Germany
| | - Ursula Oestreicher
- BfS Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, Technische Universität München, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Martina Matjanovski
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Xuanwen Bao
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Harry Scherthan
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, University of Ulm, Neuherbergstr. 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael J Atkinson
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Radiation Biology, Technical University of Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Rosemann
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
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38
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Wu PK, Wang JY, Chen CF, Chao KY, Chang MC, Chen WM, Hung SC. Early Passage Mesenchymal Stem Cells Display Decreased Radiosensitivity and Increased DNA Repair Activity. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 6:1504-1514. [PMID: 28544661 PMCID: PMC5689774 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.15-0394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapies using human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have received much attention in the past decade. In pursuit of the therapeutic potential of MSCs, cell expansion is required to generate a great number of cells with desired phenotype and functionality. Long‐term expansion in vitro, however, can lead to altered functions. To explore the changes in DNA damage responses (DDR) in MSCs expanded, DDR pathways following irradiation were characterized in early‐ and late‐passage bone marrow MSCs. Seventy‐two hours after irradiation, the percentage of sub‐G1 cells in early‐passage MSCs did not change significantly. Reduced TUNEL staining was observed in early‐passage MSCs compared to late‐passage MSCs 4 h after irradiation. Comet assay also revealed that early‐passage MSCs were more resistant to irradiation or DNA damages induced by genotoxic agents than late‐passage MSCs. ATM phosphorylation and γ‐H2AX and phospho‐p53 increased in early‐passage MSCs while decreased in late‐passage MSCs. Through inhibition by KU55933, DDR pathway in early‐passage MSCs was shown to be ATM‐dependent. Higher levels of poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase‐1 (PARP‐1) and PAR synthesis were observed in early‐passage MSCs than in late‐passage MSCs. Knockdown of PARP‐1 in early‐passage MSCs resulted in sensitization to irradiation‐induced apoptosis. Overexpression of PARP‐1 in late passage MSCs could render irradiation resistance. Lower activity of DDR in late‐passage MSCs was associated with rapid proteasomal degradation of PARP‐1. In conclusion, early‐passage MSCs are more irradiation‐resistant and have increased DDR activity involving PARP‐1, ATM and their downstream signals. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:1504–1514
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Kuei Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.,Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Jir-You Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.,Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.,Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fong Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.,Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Yu Chao
- Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chau Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.,Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.,Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Stem Cell Center, Chinese Medical University Hospital, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Johnson MB, Niknam‐Bienia S, Soundararajan V, Pang B, Jung E, Gardner DJ, Xu X, Park SY, Wang C, Chen X, Baker RY, Chen M, Hong Y, Li W, Wong AK. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Isolated from Irradiated Human Skin Have Diminished Capacity for Proliferation, Differentiation, Colony Formation, and Paracrine Stimulation. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:925-934. [PMID: 31020798 PMCID: PMC6708065 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation, commonly used in the treatment of solid tumors, has unintended but deleterious effects on overlying skin and is associated with chronic nonhealing wounds. Skin-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (SMSCs) are a pluripotent population of cells that are critically involved in skin homeostasis and wound healing. The aim of this study was to isolate and functionally characterize SMSCs from human skin that was previously irradiated as part of neoadjuvant or adjuvant cancer therapy. To this end, SMSCs were isolated from paired irradiated and nonirradiated human skin samples. Irradiated SMSCs expressed characteristic SMSC markers at lower levels, had disorganized cytoskeletal structure, and had disordered morphology. Functionally, these cells had diminished proliferative capacity and substantial defects in colony-forming capacity and differentiation in vitro. These changes were associated with significant differential expression of genes known to be involved in skin physiology and wound healing. Conditioned media obtained from irradiated SMSCs affected fibroblast but not endothelial cell proliferation and migration. These results suggest that in situ damage to SMSCs during neoadjuvant or adjuvant radiation may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of slow or nonhealing radiation wounds. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:925&934.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell B. Johnson
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Solmaz Niknam‐Bienia
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Vinaya Soundararajan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Brandon Pang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Eunson Jung
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Daniel J. Gardner
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Xingtian Xu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular BiologyOstrow School of Dentistry of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sun Y. Park
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Charles Wang
- Center for GenomicsLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Xin Chen
- Center for GenomicsLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Regina Y. Baker
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mei Chen
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of DermatologyKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Young‐Kwon Hong
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Wei Li
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of DermatologyKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alex K. Wong
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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Deyhle RT, Wong CP, Martin SA, McDougall MQ, Olson DA, Branscum AJ, Menn SA, Iwaniec UT, Hamby DM, Turner RT. Maintenance of Near Normal Bone Mass and Architecture in Lethally Irradiated Female Mice following Adoptive Transfer with as few as 750 Purified Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Radiat Res 2019; 191:413-427. [PMID: 30870097 DOI: 10.1667/rr15164.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Total-body irradiation (TBI) followed by transfer of bone marrow cells from donors is routinely performed in immunology research and can be used to manipulate differentiation and/or function of bone cells. However, exposure to high-dose radiation can result in irreversible osteopenia, and transfer of heterogeneous cell populations can complicate interpretation of results. The goal of this research was to establish an approach for reconstituting bone marrow using small numbers of purified donor-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) without negatively affecting bone metabolism. Gamma-irradiated (9 Gy) WBB6F1 mice were engrafted with bone marrow cells (5 × 106 cells) or purified HSCs (3,000 cells) obtained from GFP transgenic mice. In vivo analysis and in vitro differentiation assays performed two months later established that both methods were effective in reconstituting the hematopoietic compartment with donor-derived cells. We confirmed these findings by engrafting C57Bl/6 (B6) mice with bone marrow cells or purified HSCs from CD45.1 B6 congenic mice. We next performed adoptive transfer of purified HSCs (750 cells) into WBB6F1 and radiosensitive KitW/W-v mice and evaluated the skeleton two months later. Minimal differences were observed between controls and WBB6F1-engrafted mice that received fractionated doses of 2 × 5 Gy. Kitw/wv mice lost weight and became osteopenic after 2 × 5 Gy irradiations but these abnormalities were negligible after 5 Gy irradiation. Importantly, adoptive transfer of wild-type cells into Kitw/wv mice restored normal Kit expression in bone marrow. Together, these findings provide strong evidence for efficient engraftment with purified HSCs after lethal TBI with minimal collateral damage to bone. This approach will be useful for investigating mechanisms by which hematopoietic lineage cells regulate bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard T Deyhle
- a Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331.,c Nuclear Science and Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331.,f Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, BE-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Carmen P Wong
- a Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
| | - Stephen A Martin
- a Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
| | - Melissa Q McDougall
- a Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
| | - Dawn A Olson
- a Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
| | - Adam J Branscum
- b Biostatistics Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
| | - Scott A Menn
- d Radiation Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
| | - Urszula T Iwaniec
- a Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331.,e Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
| | - David M Hamby
- c Nuclear Science and Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
| | - Russell T Turner
- a Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331.,e Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
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Xiang Y, Wu C, Wu J, Quan W, Cheng C, Zhou J, Chen L, Xiang L, Li F, Zhang K, Ran Q, Zhang Y, Li Z. In vitro expansion affects the response of human bone marrow stromal cells to irradiation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:82. [PMID: 30850008 PMCID: PMC6408817 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1191-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are extensively used in regeneration therapy and cytology experiments simulate how BMSCs respond to radiation. Due to the small number and the heterogeneity of primary isolated BMSCs, extensive in vitro expansion is usually required before application, which affects the cellular characteristics and gene expression of BMSCs. However, whether the radiation response of BMSCs changes during in vitro expansion is unclear. METHODS In this study, BMSCs were passaged in vitro and irradiated at passage 6 (P6) and passage 10 (P10). Then, apoptosis, the cell cycle, senescence, the cytokine secretion and the gene expression profile were analysed for the P6, P10, and non-irradiated (control) BMSCs at different post-irradiation time points. RESULTS The P6 BMSCs had a lower percentage of apoptotic cells than the P10 BMSCs at 24 and 48 h post-irradiation but not compared to that of the controls at 2 and 8 h post-irradiation. The P6 BMSCs had a lower percentage of cells in S phase and a higher percentage in G1 phase than the P10 BMSCs at 2 and 8 h post-irradiation. The radiation had similar effects on the senescent cell level and impaired immunomodulation capacity of the P6 and P10 BMSCs. Regardless of whether they were irradiated, the P6 and P10 BMSCs always expressed a distinctive set of genes. The upregulated genes were enriched in pathways including the cell cycle, DNA replication and oocyte meiosis. Then, a subset of conserved irradiation response genes across the BMSCs was identified, comprising 12 differentially upregulated genes and 5 differentially downregulated genes. These genes were especially associated with the p53 signaling pathway, DNA damage and DNA repair. Furthermore, validation experiments revealed that the mRNA and protein levels of these conserved genes were different between the P6 and P10 BMSCs after irradiation. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis supported these findings and further revealed the effects of cell passage on the irradiation response in BMSCs. CONCLUSION The results indicated that cell passage in vitro affected the irradiation response of BMSCs via molecular mechanisms that mediated differences in apoptosis, the cell cycle, senescence and the cytokine secretion. Thus, accurate cell passage information is not only important for transplantation therapy but also for future studies on the radiation response in BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Weili Quan
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc., Wuhan, 430075 Hubei China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc., Wuhan, 430075 Hubei China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc., Wuhan, 430075 Hubei China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Lixin Xiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Fengjie Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Kebin Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Qian Ran
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc., Wuhan, 430075 Hubei China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
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42
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Bylicky MA, Mueller GP, Day RM. Radiation resistance of normal human astrocytes: the role of non-homologous end joining DNA repair activity. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2019; 60:37-50. [PMID: 30423138 PMCID: PMC6373697 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rry084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a common modality for treatment of brain cancers, but it can induce long-term physiological and cognitive deficits. The responses of normal human brain cells to radiation is not well understood. Astrocytes have been shown to have a variety of protective mechanisms against oxidative stress and have been shown to protect neurons. We investigated the response of cultured normal human astrocytes (NHAs) to X-ray irradiation. Following exposure to 10 Gy X-irradiation, NHAs exhibited DNA damage as indicated by the formation of γ-H2AX foci. Western blotting showed that NHAs displayed a robust increase in expression of non-homologous end joining DNA repair enzymes within 15 min post-irradiation and increased expression of homologous recombination DNA repair enzymes ~2 h post-irradiation. The cell cycle checkpoint protein p21/waf1 was upregulated from 6-24 h, and then returned to baseline. Levels of DNA repair enzymes returned to basal ~48 h post-irradiation. NHAs re-entered the cell cycle and proliferation was observed at 6 days. In contrast, normal human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) failed to upregulate DNA repair enzymes and instead displayed sustained upregulation of p21/waf1, a cell cycle checkpoint marker for senescence. Ectopic overexpression of Ku70 was sufficient to protect MSCs from sustained upregulation of p21/waf1 induced by 10 Gy X-rays. These findings suggest that increased expression of Ku70 may be a key mechanism for the radioresistance of NHAs, preventing their accelerated senescence from high-dose radiation. These results may have implications for the development of novel targets for radiation countermeasure development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Bylicky
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gregory P Mueller
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Regina M Day
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Fabbrizi MR, Warshowsky KE, Zobel CL, Hallahan DE, Sharma GG. Molecular and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of normal stem cell radiosensitivity. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:117. [PMID: 30588339 PMCID: PMC6299079 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) therapy is a major cancer treatment modality and an indispensable auxiliary treatment for primary and metastatic cancers, but invariably results in debilitating organ dysfunctions. IR-induced depletion of neural stem/progenitor cells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus where neurogenesis occurs is considered largely responsible for deficiencies such as learning, memory, and spatial information processing in patients subjected to cranial irradiation. Similarly, IR therapy-induced intestinal injuries such as diarrhea and malabsorption are common side effects in patients with gastrointestinal tumors and are believed to be caused by intestinal stem cell drop out. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is currently used to reinstate blood production in leukemia patients and pre-clinical treatments show promising results in other organs such as the skin and kidney, but ethical issues and logistic problems make this route difficult to follow. An alternative way to restore the injured tissue is to preserve the stem cell pool located in that specific tissue/organ niche, but stem cell response to ionizing radiation is inadequately understood at the molecular mechanistic level. Although embryonic and fetal hypersensity to IR has been very well known for many decades, research on embryonic stem cell models in culture concerning molecular mechanisms have been largely inconclusive and often in contradiction of the in vivo observations. This review will summarize the latest discoveries on stem cell radiosensitivity, highlighting the possible molecular and epigenetic mechanism(s) involved in DNA damage response and programmed cell death after ionizing radiation therapy specific to normal stem cells. Finally, we will analyze the possible contribution of stem cell-specific chromatin's epigenetic constitution in promoting normal stem cell radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Fabbrizi
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4511 Forest Park, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Kacie E. Warshowsky
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4511 Forest Park, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Cheri L. Zobel
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4511 Forest Park, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Dennis E. Hallahan
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4511 Forest Park, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Girdhar G. Sharma
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4511 Forest Park, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
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Impact of X-ray Exposure on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Pre-Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092717. [PMID: 30208657 PMCID: PMC6163807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a widely used treatment option for cancer patients as well as for patients with musculoskeletal disorders. Adipocytes, the dominant cell type of adipose tissue, are known to constitute an active part of the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, adipocytes support inflammatory processes and cartilage degradation in chronic inflammatory diseases, i.e., rheumatoid and osteoarthritis. Since the production of inflammatory factors is linked to their differentiation stages, we set out to explore the radiation response of pre-adipocytes that may influence their inflammatory potential and differentiation capacity. This is the first study investigating the effects of X-ray irradiation on the proliferation and differentiation capacity of human primary pre-adipocytes, in comparison to Simpson–Golabi–Behmel Syndrome (SGBS) pre-adipocytes, an often-used in vitro model of human primary pre-adipocytes. Our results demonstrate a dose-dependent reduction of the proliferation capacity for both cell strains, whereas the potential for differentiation was mostly unaffected by irradiation. The expression of markers of adipogenic development, such as transcription factors (PPARγ, C/EBPα and C/EBPβ), as well as the release of adipokines (visfatin, adiponectin and leptin) were not significantly changed upon irradiation. However, after irradiation with high X-ray doses, an increased lipid accumulation was observed, which suggests a radiation-induced response of adipocytes related to inflammation. Our results indicate that pre-adipocytes are radio-resistant, and it remains to be elucidated whether this holds true for the overall inflammatory response of adipocytes upon irradiation.
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Radiation Induces Apoptosis and Osteogenic Impairment through miR-22-Mediated Intracellular Oxidative Stress in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:5845402. [PMID: 30158985 PMCID: PMC6109564 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5845402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were characterized by their multilineage potential and were involved in both bony and soft tissue repair. Exposure of cells to ionizing radiation (IR) triggers numerous biological reactions, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), cellular apoptosis, and impaired differentiation capacity, while the mechanisms of IR-induced BMSC apoptosis and osteogenic impairment are still unclear. Through a recent study, we found that 6 Gy IR significantly increased the apoptotic ratio and ROS generation, characterized by ROS staining and mean fluorescent intensity. Intervention with antioxidant (NAC) indicated that IR-induced cellular apoptosis was partly due to the accumulation of intracellular ROS. Furthermore, we found that the upregulation of miR-22 in rBMSCs following 6 Gy IR played an important role on the ROS generation and subsequent apoptosis. In addition, we firstly demonstrated that miR-22-mediated ROS accumulation and cell injury had an important regulated role on the osteogenic capacity of BMSCs both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, IR-induced overexpression of miR-22 regulated the cell viability and differentiation potential through targeting the intracellular ROS.
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Baaße A, Machoy F, Juerß D, Baake J, Stang F, Reimer T, Krapohl BD, Hildebrandt G. Radiation Sensitivity of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Isolated from Breast Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071988. [PMID: 29986519 PMCID: PMC6073524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Within their niche, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are essential for homeostasis as well as for regeneration. Therefore, the interest of physicians is to use ADSCs as a tool for radiation oncology and regenerative medicine. To investigate related risks, this study analyses the radiation response of adult stem cells isolated from the adipose tissue of the female breast. To avoid donor-specific effects, ADSCs isolated from breast reduction mammoplasties of 10 donors were pooled and used for the radiobiological analysis. The clonogenic survival fraction assay was used to classify the radiation sensitivity in comparison to a more radiation-sensitive (ZR-75-1), moderately sensitive (MCF-7), and resistant (MCF10A) cell lines. Afterwards, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of irradiation on ADSCs were investigated. On the basis of clonogenic cell survival rates of ADSCs after irradiation, we assign ADSCs an intermediate radiation sensitivity. Furthermore, a high repair capacity of double-strand breaks is related to an altered cell cycle arrest and increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21. ADSCs isolated from breast tissue exhibit intermediate radiation sensitivity, caused by functional repair mechanisms. Therefore, we propose ADSCs to be a promising tool in radiation oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Baaße
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centre Rostock, Suedring 75, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Friederike Machoy
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centre Rostock, Suedring 75, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Dajana Juerß
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centre Rostock, Suedring 75, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Jana Baake
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centre Rostock, Suedring 75, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Felix Stang
- Clinic for Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck. Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany.
| | - Toralf Reimer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rostock, Women's Hospital, Suedring 81, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Björn Dirk Krapohl
- Berliner Centrum für Musikermedizin, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Guido Hildebrandt
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centre Rostock, Suedring 75, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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Feng H, Zhao JK, Schiergens TS, Wang PX, Ou BC, Al-Sayegh R, Li ML, Lu AG, Yin S, Thasler WE. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells promote colorectal cancer cell death under low-dose irradiation. Br J Cancer 2018; 118:353-365. [PMID: 29384527 PMCID: PMC5808030 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy remains one of the cornerstones to improve the outcome of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Radiotherapy of the CRC not only help to destroy cancer cells but also remodel the tumour microenvironment by enhancing tumour-specific tropism of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (BM-MSC) from the peripheral circulation. However, the role of local MSCs and recruited BM-MSC under radiation were not well defined. Indeed, the functions of BM-MSC without irradiation intervention remained controversial in tumour progression: BM-MSC was previously shown to modulate the immune function of major immune cells, resulting in an impaired immunological sensitivity and to induce an increased risk of tumour recurrence. In contrast, it could also secrete various cytokines and possess anticancer effect. METHODS Three co-cultivation modules, 3D culture modules, and cancer organoids were established. The induction of cytokines secretion in hBM-MSCs after irradiation was analysed by ELISA array and flow cytometry. AutoMac separator was used to separate hBM-MSC and CRC automatically. Cells from the co-cultured group and the control group were then irradiated by UV-C lamp and X-ray. Proliferation assay and viability assay were performed. RESULTS In this study, we show that BM-MSCs can induce the EMT progression of CRC cells in vitro. When irradiated with low doses of ultraviolet radiation and X-rays, BM-MSCs show an anti-tumour effect by secreting certain cytokine (TNF-α, IFN-γ) that lead to the inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis of CRC cells. This was further verified in a 3D culture model of a CRC cell in vitro. Furthermore, irradiation on the co-culture system induced the cleavage of caspase3, and attenuated the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase in cancer cells. The signal pathways above might contribute to the cancer cell death. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, we show that BM-MSC can potentially promote the effect of radiotherapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Jing-kun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Tobias S Schiergens
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Pu-xiongzhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Bao-chi Ou
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Rami Al-Sayegh
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ming-lun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ai-guo Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shuai Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
- Department of General Surgery, State Hospital of Anhui Province, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Wolfgang E Thasler
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Red Cross Hospital, Munich 80634, Germany
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48
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Moussa L, Usunier B, Demarquay C, Benderitter M, Tamarat R, Sémont A, Mathieu N. Bowel Radiation Injury: Complexity of the Pathophysiology and Promises of Cell and Tissue Engineering. Cell Transplant 2018; 25:1723-1746. [PMID: 27197023 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x691664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation is effective to treat malignant pelvic cancers, but the toxicity to surrounding healthy tissue remains a substantial limitation. Early and late side effects not only limit the escalation of the radiation dose to the tumor but may also be life-threatening in some patients. Numerous preclinical studies determined specific mechanisms induced after irradiation in different compartments of the intestine. This review outlines the complexity of the pathogenesis, highlighting the roles of the epithelial barrier in the vascular network, and the inflammatory microenvironment, which together lead to chronic fibrosis. Despite the large number of pharmacological molecules available, the studies presented in this review provide encouraging proof of concept regarding the use of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy to treat radiation-induced intestinal damage. The therapeutic efficacy of MSCs has been demonstrated in animal models and in patients, but an enormous number of cells and multiple injections are needed due to their poor engraftment capacity. Moreover, it has been observed that although MSCs have pleiotropic effects, some intestinal compartments are less restored after a high dose of irradiation. Future research should seek to optimize the efficacy of the injected cells, particularly with regard to extending their life span in the irradiated tissue. Moreover, improving the host microenvironment, combining MSCs with other specific regenerative cells, or introducing new tissue engineering strategies could be tested as methods to treat the severe side effects of pelvic radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Moussa
- Institut de Radioprotection et de SÛreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-HOM/SRBE/LR2I, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Benoît Usunier
- Institut de Radioprotection et de SÛreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-HOM/SRBE/LR2I, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Christelle Demarquay
- Institut de Radioprotection et de SÛreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-HOM/SRBE/LR2I, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Marc Benderitter
- Institut de Radioprotection et de SÛreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-HOM/SRBE/LR2I, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Radia Tamarat
- Institut de Radioprotection et de SÛreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-HOM/SRBE/LR2I, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Alexandra Sémont
- Institut de Radioprotection et de SÛreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-HOM/SRBE/LR2I, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Noëlle Mathieu
- Institut de Radioprotection et de SÛreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-HOM/SRBE/LR2I, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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49
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Rühle A, Xia O, Perez RL, Trinh T, Richter W, Sarnowska A, Wuchter P, Debus J, Saffrich R, Huber PE, Nicolay NH. The Radiation Resistance of Human Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Is Independent of Their Tissue of Origin. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 100:1259-1269. [PMID: 29452769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may aid the regeneration of ionizing radiation (IR)-induced tissue damage. They can be harvested from different tissues for clinical purposes; however, the role of the tissue source on the radiation response of human MSCs remains unknown. METHODS AND MATERIALS Human MSCs were isolated from adipose tissue, bone marrow, and umbilical cord, and cellular survival, proliferation, and apoptosis were measured after irradiation. The influence of IR on the defining functions of MSCs was assessed, and cell morphology, surface marker expression, and the differentiation potential were examined. Western blot analyses were performed to assess the activation of DNA damage signaling and repair pathways. RESULTS MSCs from adipose tissue, bone marrow, and umbilical cord exhibited a relative radioresistance independent of their tissue of origin. Defining properties including cellular adhesion and surface marker expression were preserved, and irradiated MSCs maintained their potential for multilineage differentiation irrespective of their tissue source. Analysis of activated DNA damage recognition and repair pathways demonstrated an efficient repair of IR-induced DNA double-strand breaks in MSCs from different tissues, thereby influencing the induction of apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These data show for the first time that MSCs are resistant to IR and largely preserve their defining functions after irradiation irrespective of their tissue of origin. Efficient repair of IR-induced DNA double-strand breaks and consecutive reduction of apoptosis induction may contribute to the tissue-independent radiation resistance of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rühle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thuy Trinh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wiltrud Richter
- Research Center for Experimental Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Sarnowska
- Translative Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrick Wuchter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Donor Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Donor Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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50
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Rühle A, Perez RL, Glowa C, Weber KJ, Ho AD, Debus J, Saffrich R, Huber PE, Nicolay NH. Cisplatin radiosensitizes radioresistant human mesenchymal stem cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87809-87820. [PMID: 29152122 PMCID: PMC5675674 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-based chemo-radiotherapy is widely used to treat cancers with often severe therapy-associated late toxicities. While mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were shown to aid regeneration of cisplatin- or radiation-induced tissue lesions, the effect of the combined treatment on the stem cells remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that cisplatin treatment radiosensitized human bone marrow-derived MSCs in a dose-dependent manner and increased levels of radiation-induced apoptosis. However, the defining stem cell properties of MSCs remained largely intact after cisplatin-based chemo-radiation, and stem cell motility, adhesion, surface marker expression and the characteristic differentiation potential were not significantly influenced. The increased cisplatin-mediated radiosensitivity was associated with a cell cycle shift of MSCs towards the radiosensitive G2/M phase and increased residual DNA double-strand breaks. These data demonstrate for the first time a dose-dependent radiosensitization effect of MSCs by cisplatin. Clinically, the observed increase in radiation sensitivity and subsequent loss of regenerative MSCs may contribute to the often severe late toxicities observed after cisplatin-based chemo-radiotherapy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rühle
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christin Glowa
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Josef Weber
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony D Ho
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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