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Mustafa G, Asad A, Hashim I, Farooq N, Fatir CA, Asghar MS. Evisceration of appendix via drain site - a rare complication in a child. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 106:108111. [PMID: 37060768 PMCID: PMC10130592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Abdominal drains prevent fluid accumulation and help drain fluid (blood, pus). In recent years, abdominal drains have been used less frequently due to drain-associated complications, like infections, anastomotic leakage, and the potential for the evisceration of intra-abdominal organs on drain removal. CASE PRESENTATION We present a young female with evisceration of the appendix via the drain site, successfully managed by abdominal exploration and appendectomy. CASE DISCUSSION The use of prophylactic abdominal drain is controversial and is of limited use even in complicated appendicitis in the modern era of antibiotics. If a drain is inserted, it should be removed at the earliest to avoid associated complications. CONCLUSION Abdominal drain usage should be minimized in children to avoid post-operative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Asad
- Services Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
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Tsao LC, Lin J, Lin KH, Ng SY, Huang CY, Hung YJ, Wu SC, Gao SL, Yu SF, Lin CC, Chang WJ. Saline irrigation versus gauze wiping and suction only for peritoneal decontamination during laparoscopic repair for perforated peptic ulcer disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1170. [PMID: 36670125 PMCID: PMC9860010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27471-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of current single-center study was to compare the short-term outcome of suction and gauze wiping alone versus the irrigation and suction technique for peritoneal decontamination among patients who underwent laparoscopic repair of PPU. Using data from our institution's prospectively maintained database, 105 patients who underwent laparoscopic repair were enrolled in this study. The participants were further divided into the group who received peritoneal irrigation (irrigation group, n = 67) and group who received gauze wiping and suction only (suction only group, n = 38). The irrigation group had a longer operative time (140 vs. 113 min, p = 0.0001), higher number of drainage tubes (38.8% vs. 0%, p < 0.0001) and a higher incidence of intra-abdominal abscess (10.4% vs. 0%, p = 0.0469) than the suction only group. Peritoneal irrigation may be associated with a prolonged operative time and a higher number of abdominal drains. Meanwhile, gauze wiping and suction may be sufficient for peritoneal decontamination during the laparoscopic repair of PPU as further infectious complications are not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien-Cheng Tsao
- Department of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Joseph Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Yuanlin, 510, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hua Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Sze-Yuin Ng
- Department of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Hung
- Department of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Wu
- Transplant Medicine and Surgery Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ling Gao
- Department of Nursing, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Yu
- Department of Nursing, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chien Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Jung Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan.
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Akış S, Keleş E, Öztürk UK, Alınca CM, Purut YE, Api M, Kabaca C. The effect of abdominal drainage on post-operative morbidity; a prospective cohort study. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2022; 42:3212-3217. [PMID: 35962552 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2109408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of drains used in current clinical practice on operation parameters and post-operative morbidity. The comprehensive data obtained through the prospective design were analysed in detail according to whether abdominal drainage was applied. Abdominal drainage was present in 44.1% of patients who met the inclusion criteria. Drains were placed significantly more frequently during oncologic surgery (p = .007). The mean mobilisation (p = .001), first flatus (p = .001), and first oral intake (p = .029) times were longer in the drain group than those in the non-drain group. In patients who underwent oncological surgeries, no significant differences were observed except for the pre-operative duration of bowel preparation (p = .006) and first flatus time (p = .003). Our results suggest that drain placement in gynecological procedures does not provide an additional advantage.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? Post-operative drainage of the abdominal cavity has been controversial for many years. However, whether abdominal drainage provides an additional benefit in lower and upper abdominal surgical procedures remains unclear.What do the results of this study add? Most studies have examined post-operative pain and surgical site infections. We examined the relationship between abdominal drainage and demographic and pre-/post-operative clinical features in detail. We demonstrated that abdominal drainage in gynecological procedures may not provide an additional advantage.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The present study provides valuable information that can guide physicians in deciding whether to use post-operative abdominal drainage. This topic warrants investigation with randomised data in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Akış
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Adıyaman University Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Esra Keleş
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children Diseases Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Uğur Kemal Öztürk
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children Diseases Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cihat Murat Alınca
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children Diseases Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yunus Emre Purut
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Van Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Van, Turkey
| | - Murat Api
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children Diseases Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Canan Kabaca
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children Diseases Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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Lee SJ, Choi IS, Moon JI, Yoon DS, Choi WJ, Lee SE, Sung NS, Kwon SU, Bae IE, Roh SJ, Kim SG. Optimal drain management following complicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a propensity-matched comparative study. JOURNAL OF MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY 2022; 25:63-72. [PMID: 35821685 PMCID: PMC9218398 DOI: 10.7602/jmis.2022.25.2.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was performed to investigate the effect of drain placement on complicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy (cLC) for acute cholecystitis (AC). METHODS This single-center retrospective study reviewed patients with AC who underwent cLC between January 2010 and December 2020. cLC was defined as open conversion, subtotal cholecystectomy, adjacent organ injury during surgery, operation time of ≥90 minutes, or estimated blood loss of ≥100 mL. One-to-one propensity score matching was performed to compare the surgical outcomes between patients with and without drain on cLC. RESULTS A total of 216 patients (mean age, 65.8 years; 75 female patients [34.7%]) underwent cLC, and 126 (58.3%) underwent intraoperative abdominal drainage. In the propensity score-matched cohort (61 patients in each group), early drain removal (≤postoperative day 3) was performed in 42 patients (68.9%). The overall rate of surgical site infection (SSI) was 10.7%. Late drain removal demonstrated significantly worse surgical outcomes than no drain placement and early drain removal for overall complications (13.1% vs. 21.4% vs. 47.4%, p = 0.006), postoperative hospital stay (3.8 days vs. 4.4 days vs. 12.7 days, p < 0.001), and SSI (4.9% vs. 11.9% vs. 31.6%, p = 0.006). In the multivariate analysis, late drain removal was the most significant risk factor for organ space SSI. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that drain placement is not routinely recommended, even after cLC for AC. When placing a drain, early drain removal is recommended because late drain removal is associated with a higher risk of organ space SSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Jae Lee
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - In Seok Choi
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Corresponding author In Seok Choi, Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158 Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35365, Korea, Tel: +82-42-600-9142, Fax: +82-42-543-8956, E-mail: , ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9656-3697
| | - Ju Ik Moon
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dae Sung Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Won Jun Choi
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Eok Lee
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Nak Song Sung
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong Uk Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - In Eui Bae
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Jae Roh
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sung Gon Kim
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Treatment strategies of drain after complicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. JOURNAL OF MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY 2022; 25:51-52. [PMID: 35821689 PMCID: PMC9218400 DOI: 10.7602/jmis.2022.25.2.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute cholecystitis (AC) is the most common biliary tract disease, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is recognized as the treatment of choice. The present study in this issue compared the surgical outcomes, particularly the occurrence of postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs) in patients with and without drain placement following complicated LC for AC. It showed that late drain removal demonstrated significantly worse surgical outcomes than no drain placement and early drain removal for overall complications, postoperative hospital stay, and SSIs. Drain placement is not routinely recommended, even after complicated LC for AC. When placing a drain, early drain removal is recommended for postoperative outcomes such as SSIs.
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6
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Van Roekel D, LeBedis C, Santos J, Paul D, Qureshi M, Kasotakis G, Gupta A. Cholecystitis: association between ultrasound findings and surgical outcomes. Clin Radiol 2022; 77:360-367. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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7
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Intraperitoneal Subdiaphragmatic Ropivacaine Instillation for Prevention of Shoulder Tip Pain After Laparoscopic Surgery in High-Risk Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Gynecol Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1089/gyn.2020.0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Pham H, Chiong C, Sinclair JL, Pang TCY, Yuen L, Lam VWT, Pleass HC, Johnston E, Richardson AJ, Hollands MJ. Day-only elective cholecystectomy: early experience and barriers to implementation in Australia. ANZ J Surg 2020; 91:590-596. [PMID: 33369857 DOI: 10.1111/ans.16526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Day-only laparoscopic cholecystectomy (DOLC) has been shown to be safe and feasible yet has not been widely implemented in Australia. This study explores the introduction of routine DOLC to Westmead Hospital, and highlights the barriers to its implementation. METHODS Routine day-only cholecystectomy protocol was introduced at Westmead Hospital in 2014. A retrospective review of patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy during a 12-month period in 2014 was compared to a 12-month period in 2018, to examine the changes in practice after implementation of a unit protocol. Data were collected on patient demographics, admission category, outcomes and re-presentations. RESULTS A total of 282 patients were included in the study, of these 169 were booked as day procedures, with 124 (73%) successfully discharged on the same day. There was a significant increase in the proportion of patients booked as day-only from 2014 to 2018 (48% versus 73%, P < 0.001). Day-only failure rates (unplanned overnight admissions), readmissions and complication rates were comparable between the two periods. The most common reason for unplanned overnight admissions were due to intraoperative findings (n = 28/45). CONCLUSION Routine DOLC can be adopted in Australian hospitals without compromise to patient safety. Unplanned overnight admission is predominantly due to unexpected surgical pathology and can be reduced by protocols for the use of drains and planned outpatient endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Unplanned outpatient review can be minimized by optimizing both intra- and post-operative pain management. Individual surgeon and anaesthetist preferences remain an obstacle to a standardized protocol in the Australian setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Pham
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Western Clinical School, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Surgical Innovations Unit, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Corinna Chiong
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jane-Louise Sinclair
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tony C Y Pang
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Western Clinical School, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Surgical Innovations Unit, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lawrence Yuen
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Western Clinical School, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vincent W T Lam
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Western Clinical School, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Henry C Pleass
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Western Clinical School, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emma Johnston
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Western Clinical School, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Arthur J Richardson
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Adventist Hospital Clinical School, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael J Hollands
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Western Clinical School, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Cirocchi R, Kwan SH, Popivanov G, Ruscelli P, Lancia M, Gioia S, Zago M, Chiarugi M, Fedeli P, Marzaioli R, Di Saverio S. Routine drain or no drain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. Surgeon 2020; 19:167-174. [PMID: 32713729 DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is considered to be the gold standard in the early management of acute cholecystitis however, recommendations for routine drain insertion in the acute setting are unavailable. STUDY DESIGN A systematic review of literature review and metanalysis was conducted. All studies comparing drain versus no drain after LC for acute cholecystitis were included. RESULTS Seven studies, with 1274 patients, were included. Postoperative wound infection rates (relative risk (RR) 0.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.10 to 0.88; I2 = 0%) and postoperative abdominal collection requiring drainage (RR 1.20, 95% CI 0.35 to 4.12; I 2 = 0%) were lower in the no-drain group, but this was only significant for wounded infections on subgroup analysis of RCTs. Length of stay hospital (mean difference (MD) -0.49, 95% CI -0.89 to -0.09; I 2 = 69%) and operative time (MD -8.13, 95% CI -13.87 to -2.38; I 2 = 92%) were significantly shorter in the no drain group however this was in the context of significant heterogeneity. CONCLUSION The available data suggests that acute cholecystitis is not an indication for routine drain placement after LC. However, these results must be interpreted with caution due to the limitations of the included studies. In effect, the main issue of this meta-analysis lies on the limitations of the included studies themselves, because of a considerable heterogeneity among the included works, particularly for the inclusion criteria of patients and reported severity of acute cholecystitis. Further work is required to produce evidence which will definitively alter clinical practice. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 2a (systematic review of cohort studies). Oxford CEBM levels of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cirocchi
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Sherman H Kwan
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Georgi Popivanov
- Department of Surgery, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Paolo Ruscelli
- Emergency Surgery Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Torrette Hospital, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Massimo Lancia
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Sara Gioia
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Mauro Zago
- Department of General Surgery, San Pietro Polyclinic, Ponte San Pietro, Italy.
| | | | - Piergiorgio Fedeli
- School of Law - Legal Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.
| | - Rinaldo Marzaioli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University Medical School "A. Moro" Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | - Salomone Di Saverio
- Cambridge Colorectal Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; University of Insubria, Surgery I unit, University Hospital of Varese, Italy.
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Liu JY, Hu QL, Lamaina M, Hornor MA, Davis K, Reinke C, Peden C, Ko CY, Wick E, Maggard-Gibbons M. Surgical Technical Evidence Review for Acute Cholecystectomy Conducted for the AHRQ Safety Program for Improving Surgical Care and Recovery. J Am Coll Surg 2020; 230:340-354.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Bostanci MT, Saydam M, Kosmaz K, Tastan B, Bostanci EB, Akoglu M. The effect on morbidity of the use of prophylactic abdominal drain following elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Pak J Med Sci 2019; 35:1306-1311. [PMID: 31488997 PMCID: PMC6717480 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.35.5.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective To evaluate the clinical role of the routine use of a drain in an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy operation applied to patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis not showing acute inflammation. Method Following laparoscopic removal of the gallbladder, patients were separated into two groups of 30 each, either with subhepatic drain placement or without. The presence of subhepatic fluid collection was evaluated with transabdominal ultrasonography (USG) at 24 hours postoperatively and on the 7th day. The other parameters evaluated were postoperative morbidity, shoulder and abdominal pain. Results No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in respect of demographic characteristics and operative details. The median pain score was determined to be statistically significantly higher in the group with a drain applied compared to the group without a drain (p=0.007). In the comparison between the groups of fluid collection on USG at 24 hours and shoulder pain persisting until the 7th day, although seen less in the group with no drain applied, no statistically significant difference was determined (p=0.065, p=0.159). In the examinations made on the 7th day, no hematoma or significant fluid collection was determined on USG and no wound infection was observed in any patient of either group. Conclusion The routine application of prophylactic subhepatic drain in laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure did not show any benefit to the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Taner Bostanci
- Mustafa Taner Bostanci, Department of General Surgery, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Saydam
- Mehmet Saydam, Department of General Surgery, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Koray Kosmaz
- Koray Kosmaz, Department of General Surgery, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Baki Tastan
- Baki Tastan, Department of General Surgery, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Erdal Birol Bostanci
- Erdal Birol Bostanci, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Musa Akoglu
- Musa Akoglu, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Optimising Surgical Technique in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: a Review of Intraoperative Interventions. J Gastrointest Surg 2019; 23:1925-1932. [PMID: 31240555 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-019-04296-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is one of the most commonly performed procedures worldwide but there is considerable variance amongst surgeons regarding intraoperative technique. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary, with evidence-based recommendations, of intraoperative interventions in LC. METHODS A literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar and Cochrane Review databases. Articles were screened for eligibility with inclusion criteria based on study design, surgical approach, surgical timing, pathology and intervention type. The most contemporary, comprehensive or relevant articles were used as the primary evidence for the final analysis and discussion. RESULTS A total of 25 systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses and 19 individual trials were identified from the literature and grouped into ten clinical intervention topics. Three intraoperative interventions offer clinical benefit and are recommended: wound/intraperitoneal local anaesthetic, low-pressure pneumoperitoneum and manoeuvres to reduce residual pneumoperitoneum. No benefit was demonstrated for routine subhepatic drain placement and gallbladder aspiration. Techniques which appear to demonstrate improvements but do not translate into clinical efficacy are the use of warmed/humidified carbon dioxide, installation of intraperitoneal saline and the use of advanced imaging techniques. Techniques demonstrating equipoise, and for which no recommendations can be made, are type of energy source and cystic duct occlusion methods. DISCUSSION This review highlights and suggests specific intraoperative techniques during uncomplicated LC that should be employed, avoided or considered by the individual surgeon. Optimising surgical technique in this way can lead to improved patient outcomes.
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Gupta V, Gupta A, Yadav TD, Mittal BR, Kochhar R. Post-cholecystectomy acute injury: What can go wrong? Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2019; 23:138-144. [PMID: 31225415 PMCID: PMC6558122 DOI: 10.14701/ahbps.2019.23.2.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds/Aims Most of the emphasis of postcholecystectomy injuries is laid on iatrogenic bilary trauma. However, they can involve a wide spectrum of injuries. Methods We prospectively evaluated 42 patients with postcholecystectomy injuries referred to us from July 2011 to December 2012. Based on spectrum of injuries, we proposed an algorithm of management. Results Injuries occurred following laparoscopy in 20 (2 converted) patients and open in 22 patients. Mean time of detection of injury was 4.32±2.33 days. The nature of drainage was bilious in 36, bile with blood in 2, only blood in 2, and enteric in 2. Nine had organ failure at presentation. Six (14%) needed re-operation. Source of hemorrhage was from right hepatic artery in three and small bowel mesentry in 1. Enteric injuries were one each to duodenum and colon. Six patient (14%) died. Advancing age and organ failure were the predictors of mortality. Persistant biliary fistula was seen in 5 (14%). Ten had lateral leaks that closed at 28.89±2.34 days. Twenty-two formed stricture which was successfully managed with definitive hepaticojejunostomy. Conclusions Post cholecystectomy acute injury does not limit itself to bile duct or vascular injury but it can traumatize adjacent hollow viscus or mesentery. It is important to diagnose and intervene enteric injury early. Presentation and management for such injury should be followed as per the proposed algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Gupta
- Department of General Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashish Gupta
- Department of General Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Thakur Deen Yadav
- Department of General Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Bhagwant Rai Mittal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rakesh Kochhar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Picchio M, De Cesare A, Di Filippo A, Spaziani M, Spaziani E. Prophylactic drainage after laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Updates Surg 2019; 71:247-254. [PMID: 30945148 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-019-00648-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In the literature, there is a large evidence against the use of drains in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in elective surgery. However, evidence is lacking in the setting of acute cholecystitis (AC). The present meta-analysis was performed to assess the role of drains to reduce complications and improve recovery in LC for AC. An electronic search of the MEDLINE, Science Citation Index Expanded, SpringerLink, Scopus, and Cochrane Library database from January 1990 to July 2018 was performed to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compare prophylactic drainage with no drainage in LC for AC. Odds ratio (OR) with confidence interval (CI) for qualitative variables and mean difference (MD) with CI for continuous variables were calculated. Three RCTs were included in the meta-analysis, involving 382 patients randomized to drain (188) versus no drain (194). Morbidity was similar in both the study groups (OR 1.23; 95% CI 0.55-2.76; p = 0.61) as well as wound infection rate (OR 1.98; 95% CI 0.53-7.40; p = 0.31) and abdominal abscess rate (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.08-4.71; p = 0.31). Abdominal pain 24 h after surgery was less severe in the no drain group (MD 0.80; 95% CI 0.46-1.14; p < 0.000). A significant difference in favor of the no drain group was found in the postoperative hospital stay (MD 1.05; 95% CI 0.87-1.22; p < 0.000). No significant difference was present with respect to postoperative fluid collection in the subhepatic area and operative time. The present study shows that prophylactic drain placement is useless to reduce complications in LC performed to treat AC. Postoperative recovery is improved if drain is not present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Picchio
- Department of Surgery, Hospital "P. Colombo", Via Orti Ginnetti 7, 00049, Velletri, Italy.
- Via Giulio Cesare, 58, 04100, Latina, Italy.
| | - Alessandro De Cesare
- Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome-Polo Pontino, Via Firenze, 04019, Terracina, Italy
| | - Annalisa Di Filippo
- Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome-Polo Pontino, Via Firenze, 04019, Terracina, Italy
| | - Martina Spaziani
- Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome-Polo Pontino, Via Firenze, 04019, Terracina, Italy
| | - Erasmo Spaziani
- Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome-Polo Pontino, Via Firenze, 04019, Terracina, Italy
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Yi MS, Kim WJ, Kim MK, Kang H, Park YH, Jung YH, Lee SE, Shin HY. Effect of ultrasound-guided phrenic nerve block on shoulder pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy—a prospective, randomized controlled trial. Surg Endosc 2016; 31:3637-3645. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-016-5398-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Experimental comparison of abdominal drainage systems. Am J Surg 2016; 213:1038-1041. [PMID: 27765183 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2016.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In an experimental study the performance of different closed abdominal drainage systems was tested. METHODS A vacuum bottle designed for Redon Drainage, a flexible plastic bulb designed for Jackson-Pratt drains and a V.A.C.® Negative Pressure Wound Therapy System were used. In a porcine cadaveric study mimicking the abdominal cavity the intrinsic pressure (IP) at one and three minutes (T0, T3) and the amount of evacuated fluid were measured. RESULTS The Redon and Jackson drainage displayed a rapid decline to IP values of almost zero comparing T0 and T3. Only the V.A.C.® system was able to preserve constant values of negative IP values measured at both time points. Only the V.A.C.® system was able to remove almost the whole amount of inserted fluid. CONCLUSIONS In an experimental setting the V.A.C.® system was superior to the other two tested systems in delivering constant negative IP and the amount of evacuated fluid.
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