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Yu JH, Yuan HB, Yan ZY, Zhang X, Xu HH. The complement regulatory protein CD46 serves as a novel biomarker for cervical cancer diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1421778. [PMID: 38919630 PMCID: PMC11196419 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1421778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background CD46 has been revealed to be a key factor in malignant transformation and cancer treatment. However, the clinical significance of CD46 in cervical cancer remains unclear, and this study aimed to evaluate its role in cervical cancer diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Methods A total of 180 patients with an initial diagnosis of cervical cancer were enrolled at Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, China. The plasma levels of soluble CD46 (sCD46) and the expression of membrane-bound CD46 (mCD46) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. Results CD46 was found to be significantly upregulated in cervical cancer tissues vs. normal tissues, while no CD46 staining was detected in paired adjacent noncancerous tissues. CD46 staining was more pronounced in cancer cells than in stromal cells in situ (in tissues). Moreover, the plasma levels of sCD46 were able to some extent discriminate between cancer patients and healthy women (AUC=0.6847, 95% CI:0.6152-0.7541). Analysis of Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that patients with low CD46 expression had slightly longer overall survival (OS) than patients with high CD46 expression in the tumor microenvironment, but no significant difference. Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that CD46 (P=0.034) is an independent risk factor for OS in cervical cancer patients. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that cervical cancer patients exhibit aberrant expression of CD46, which is closely associated with a poor prognosis, suggesting that CD46 plays a key role in promoting cervical carcinogenesis and that CD46 could serve as a promising potential target for precision therapy for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hui Yu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao-Bo Yuan
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zi-Yi Yan
- Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Biological Resource Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui-Hui Xu
- Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Haslund MM, Sørensen JK, Graff Stensballe L. Genetics and measles, mumps and rubella vaccine response in childhood and adolescence-A systematic review. Scand J Immunol 2023; 97:e13266. [PMID: 38157324 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) are contagious infectious diseases that can be prevented by immunization. However, MMR infections can occur in previously immunized individuals. The vaccine response is, among other factors, influenced by the combined effects of many genes. This systematic review investigates the genetic influence on measles, mumps and rubella antibody responses after childhood vaccination. In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), systematic literature searches were conducted in the medical databases PubMed, EMBASE and PsycINFO. Search strings were adjusted for each database. Citations were included if they measured and compared the immune response with immunogenetics after vaccination with a vaccine containing one or more of the following components: measles, mumps and/or rubella, MMR. The measure of vaccine response studied was antibodies after vaccination. Forty-eight articles were included in the final analysis. The results suggest that genetic determinants, including host genes, and single nucleotide polymorphisms in immune-related genes influence the MMR antibody responses after vaccination. Specifically, replicated associations were found between HLA, CD46, RARB, IRF9, EIF2AK2, cytokine genes and MMR vaccine-induced humoral immune responses. This knowledge can be useful in understanding and predicting immune responses and may have implications for future vaccine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Mykløy Haslund
- The Child and Adolescent Clinic, The Juliane Marie Center, The Danish National University Hospital "Rigshospitalet", 9-Blegdamsvej, DK-2100, Copenhagen East, Denmark
| | - Jesper Kiehn Sørensen
- The Child and Adolescent Clinic, The Juliane Marie Center, The Danish National University Hospital "Rigshospitalet", 9-Blegdamsvej, DK-2100, Copenhagen East, Denmark
| | - Lone Graff Stensballe
- The Child and Adolescent Clinic, The Juliane Marie Center, The Danish National University Hospital "Rigshospitalet", 9-Blegdamsvej, DK-2100, Copenhagen East, Denmark
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3
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West EE, Kemper C. Complosome - the intracellular complement system. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023:10.1038/s41581-023-00704-1. [PMID: 37055581 PMCID: PMC10100629 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00704-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The complement system is a recognized pillar of host defence against infection and noxious self-derived antigens. Complement is traditionally known as a serum-effective system, whereby the liver expresses and secretes most complement components, which participate in the detection of bloodborne pathogens and drive an inflammatory reaction to safely remove the microbial or antigenic threat. However, perturbations in normal complement function can cause severe disease and, for reasons that are currently not fully understood, the kidney is particularly vulnerable to dysregulated complement activity. Novel insights into complement biology have identified cell-autonomous and intracellularly active complement - the complosome - as an unexpected central orchestrator of normal cell physiology. For example, the complosome controls mitochondrial activity, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, cell survival and gene regulation in innate and adaptive immune cells, and in non-immune cells, such as fibroblasts and endothelial and epithelial cells. These unanticipated complosome contributions to basic cell physiological pathways make it a novel and central player in the control of cell homeostasis and effector responses. This discovery, together with the realization that an increasing number of human diseases involve complement perturbations, has renewed interest in the complement system and its therapeutic targeting. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about the complosome across healthy cells and tissues, highlight contributions from dysregulated complosome activities to human disease and discuss potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E West
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Complement and Inflammation Research Section (CIRS), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Claudia Kemper
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Complement and Inflammation Research Section (CIRS), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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4
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Luo S, Su T, Zhou X, Hu WX, Hu J. Chromosome 1 instability in multiple myeloma: Aberrant gene expression, pathogenesis, and potential therapeutic target. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22341. [PMID: 35579877 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), the terminally differentiated B cells malignancy, is widely considered to be incurable since many patients have either developed drug resistance or experienced an eventual relapse. To develop precise and efficient therapeutic strategies, we must understand the pathogenesis of MM. Thus, unveiling the driver events of MM and its further clonal evolution will help us understand this complicated disease. Chromosome 1 instabilities are the most common genomic alterations that participate in MM pathogenesis, and these aberrations of chromosome 1 mainly include copy number variations and structural changes. The chromosome 1q gains/amplifications and 1p deletions are the most frequent structural changes of chromosomes in MM. In this review, we intend to focus on the genes that are affected by chromosome 1 instability: some tumor suppressors were lost or down regulated in 1p deletions, and others that contributed to tumorigenesis were upregulated in 1q gains/amplifications. We have summarized their biological function as well as their roles in the MM pathogenesis, hoping to uncover potential novel therapeutical targets and promote the development of future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiqun Luo
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Su
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei-Xin Hu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingping Hu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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5
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Liszewski MK, Atkinson JP. Membrane cofactor protein (MCP; CD46): deficiency states and pathogen connections. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 72:126-134. [PMID: 34004375 PMCID: PMC8123722 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Membrane cofactor protein (MCP; CD46), a ubiquitously expressed complement regulatory protein, serves as a cofactor for serine protease factor I to cleave and inactivate C3b and C4b deposited on host cells. However, CD46 also plays roles in human reproduction, autophagy, modulating T cell activation and effector functions and is a member of the newly identified intracellular complement system (complosome). CD46 also is a receptor for 11 pathogens ('pathogen magnet'). While CD46 deficiencies contribute to inflammatory disorders, its overexpression in cancers and role as a receptor for some adenoviruses has led to its targeting by oncolytic agents and adenoviral-based therapeutic vectors, including coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. This review focuses on recent advances in identifying disease-causing CD46 variants and its pathogen connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kathryn Liszewski
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - John P Atkinson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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6
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Gérard A, Cope AP, Kemper C, Alon R, Köchl R. LFA-1 in T cell priming, differentiation, and effector functions. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:706-722. [PMID: 34266767 PMCID: PMC10734378 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The integrin LFA-1 is crucial for T cell entry into mammalian lymph nodes and tissues, and for promoting interactions with antigen-presenting cells (APCs). However, it is increasingly evident that LFA-1 has additional key roles beyond the mere support of adhesion between T cells, the endothelium, and/or APCs. These include roles in homotypic T cell-T cell (T-T) communication, the induction of intracellular complement activity underlying Th1 effector cell polarization, and the support of long-lasting T cell memory. Here, we briefly summarize current knowledge of LFA-1 biology, discuss novel cytoskeletal regulators of LFA-1 functions, and review new aspects of LFA-1 mechanobiology that are relevant to its function in immunological synapses and in specific pathologies arising from LFA-1 dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Gérard
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew P Cope
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Claudia Kemper
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institute of Health (NIH), Complement and Inflammation Research Section (CIRS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ronen Alon
- The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Robert Köchl
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, London, UK.
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7
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McCartney DL, Min JL, Richmond RC, Lu AT, Sobczyk MK, Davies G, Broer L, Guo X, Jeong A, Jung J, Kasela S, Katrinli S, Kuo PL, Matias-Garcia PR, Mishra PP, Nygaard M, Palviainen T, Patki A, Raffield LM, Ratliff SM, Richardson TG, Robinson O, Soerensen M, Sun D, Tsai PC, van der Zee MD, Walker RM, Wang X, Wang Y, Xia R, Xu Z, Yao J, Zhao W, Correa A, Boerwinkle E, Dugué PA, Durda P, Elliott HR, Gieger C, de Geus EJC, Harris SE, Hemani G, Imboden M, Kähönen M, Kardia SLR, Kresovich JK, Li S, Lunetta KL, Mangino M, Mason D, McIntosh AM, Mengel-From J, Moore AZ, Murabito JM, Ollikainen M, Pankow JS, Pedersen NL, Peters A, Polidoro S, Porteous DJ, Raitakari O, Rich SS, Sandler DP, Sillanpää E, Smith AK, Southey MC, Strauch K, Tiwari H, Tanaka T, Tillin T, Uitterlinden AG, Van Den Berg DJ, van Dongen J, Wilson JG, Wright J, Yet I, Arnett D, Bandinelli S, Bell JT, Binder AM, Boomsma DI, Chen W, Christensen K, Conneely KN, Elliott P, Ferrucci L, Fornage M, Hägg S, Hayward C, Irvin M, Kaprio J, Lawlor DA, Lehtimäki T, Lohoff FW, Milani L, Milne RL, Probst-Hensch N, Reiner AP, Ritz B, Rotter JI, Smith JA, Taylor JA, van Meurs JBJ, Vineis P, Waldenberger M, Deary IJ, Relton CL, Horvath S, Marioni RE. Genome-wide association studies identify 137 genetic loci for DNA methylation biomarkers of aging. Genome Biol 2021; 22:194. [PMID: 34187551 PMCID: PMC8243879 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02398-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological aging estimators derived from DNA methylation data are heritable and correlate with morbidity and mortality. Consequently, identification of genetic and environmental contributors to the variation in these measures in populations has become a major goal in the field. RESULTS Leveraging DNA methylation and SNP data from more than 40,000 individuals, we identify 137 genome-wide significant loci, of which 113 are novel, from genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses of four epigenetic clocks and epigenetic surrogate markers for granulocyte proportions and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels, respectively. We find evidence for shared genetic loci associated with the Horvath clock and expression of transcripts encoding genes linked to lipid metabolism and immune function. Notably, these loci are independent of those reported to regulate DNA methylation levels at constituent clock CpGs. A polygenic score for GrimAge acceleration showed strong associations with adiposity-related traits, educational attainment, parental longevity, and C-reactive protein levels. CONCLUSION This study illuminates the genetic architecture underlying epigenetic aging and its shared genetic contributions with lifestyle factors and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Josine L Min
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rebecca C Richmond
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ake T Lu
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Maria K Sobczyk
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gail Davies
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ayoung Jeong
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jeesun Jung
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Silva Kasela
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Seyma Katrinli
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Pei-Lun Kuo
- Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pamela R Matias-Garcia
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marianne Nygaard
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Teemu Palviainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Amit Patki
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Scott M Ratliff
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Tom G Richardson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Oliver Robinson
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mette Soerensen
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dianjianyi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Matthijs D van der Zee
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosie M Walker
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Xiaochuan Wang
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Yunzhang Wang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Rui Xia
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zongli Xu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pierre-Antoine Dugué
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Peter Durda
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05446, USA
| | - Hannah R Elliott
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Gibran Hemani
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Medea Imboden
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33521, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Jacob K Kresovich
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Shengxu Li
- Children's Minnesota Research Institute, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55404, USA
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' Foundation Trust, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Dan Mason
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | | | - Jonas Mengel-From
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ann Zenobia Moore
- Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joanne M Murabito
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miina Ollikainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Silvia Polidoro
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Elina Sillanpää
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Alicia K Smith
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55101, Mainz, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hemant Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Therese Tillin
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, UK
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David J Van Den Berg
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jenny van Dongen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James G Wilson
- Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Idil Yet
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Donna Arnett
- Deans Office, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, UK
| | | | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra M Binder
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program (Cancer Epidemiology), University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Karen N Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paul Elliott
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Rd. South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Marguerite Irvin
- Dept of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Falk W Lohoff
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Jack A Taylor
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Ian J Deary
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Caroline L Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
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8
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Zeng J, Xu H, Huang C, Sun Y, Xiao H, Yu G, Zhou H, Zhang Y, Yao W, Xiao W, Hu J, Wu L, Xing J, Wang T, Chen Z, Ye Z, Chen K. CD46 splice variant enhances translation of specific mRNAs linked to an aggressive tumor cell phenotype in bladder cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 24:140-153. [PMID: 33767911 PMCID: PMC7972933 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
CD46 is well known to be involved in diverse biological processes. Although several splice variants of CD46 have been identified, little is known about the contribution of alternative splicing to its tumorigenic functions. In this study, we found that exclusion of CD46 exon 13 is significantly increased in bladder cancer (BCa) samples. In BCa cell lines, enforced expression of CD46-CYT2 (exon 13-skipping isoform) promoted, and CD46-CYT1 (exon 13-containing isoform) attenuated, cell growth, migration, and tumorigenicity in a xenograft model. We also applied interaction proteomics to identify exhaustively the complexes containing the CYT1 or CYT2 domain in EJ-1 cells. 320 proteins were identified that interact with the CYT1 and/or CYT2 domain, and most of them are new interactors. Using an internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-dependent reporter system, we established that CD46 could regulate mRNA translation through an interaction with the translation machinery. We also identified heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)A1 as a novel CYT2 binding partner, and this interaction facilitates the interaction of hnRNPA1 with IRES RNA to promote IRES-dependent translation of HIF1a and c-Myc. Strikingly, the splicing factor SRSF1 is highly correlated with CD46 exon 13 exclusion in clinical BCa samples. Taken together, our findings contribute to understanding the role of CD46 in BCa development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zeng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, P.R. China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Chunhua Huang
- College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Haibing Xiao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Gan Yu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yangjun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Yao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Junhui Hu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lily Wu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jinchun Xing
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
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9
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Chaumonnot K, Masson S, Sikner H, Bouchard A, Baverel V, Bellaye PS, Collin B, Garrido C, Kohli E. The HSP GRP94 interacts with macrophage intracellular complement C3 and impacts M2 profile during ER stress. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:114. [PMID: 33483465 PMCID: PMC7822929 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03288-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The role of GRP94, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress protein with both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions, has not been investigated in macrophages during ER stress, whereas ER stress has been reported in many diseases involving macrophages. In this work, we studied GRP94 in M1/LPS + IFNγ and M2/IL-4 primary macrophages derived from human monocytes (isolated from buffy coats), in basal and ER stress conditions induced by thapsigargin (Tg), an inducer of ER calcium depletion and tunicamycin (Tm), an inhibitor of N-glycosylation. We found that GRP94 was expressed on the membrane of M2 but not M1 macrophages. In M2, Tg, but not Tm, while decreased GRP94 content in the membrane, it induced its secretion. This correlated with the induction of a pro-inflammatory profile, which was dependent on the UPR IRE1α arm activation and on a functional GRP94. As we previously reported that GRP94 associated with complement C3 at the extracellular level, we analyzed C3 and confirmed GRP94-C3 interaction in our experimental model. Further, Tg increased this interaction and, in these conditions, C3b and cathepsin L were detected in the extracellular medium where GRP94 co-immunoprecipitated with C3 and C3b. Finally, we showed that the C3b inactivated fragment, iC3b, only present on non-stressed M2, depended on functional GRP94, making both GRP94 and iC3b potential markers of M2 cells. In conclusion, our results show that GRP94 is co-secreted with C3 under ER stress conditions which may facilitate its cleavage by cathepsin L, thus contributing to the pro-inflammatory profile observed in stressed M2 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Killian Chaumonnot
- UMR INSERM/uB/AGROSUP 1231, Team 3 HSP-Pathies, labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Sophie Masson
- UMR INSERM/uB/AGROSUP 1231, Team 3 HSP-Pathies, labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre anti-cancéreux Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Hugo Sikner
- UMR INSERM/uB/AGROSUP 1231, Team 3 HSP-Pathies, labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Alexanne Bouchard
- UMR INSERM/uB/AGROSUP 1231, Team 3 HSP-Pathies, labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Centre anti-cancéreux Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Valentin Baverel
- UMR INSERM/uB/AGROSUP 1231, Team 3 HSP-Pathies, labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Simon Bellaye
- UMR INSERM/uB/AGROSUP 1231, Team 3 HSP-Pathies, labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Centre anti-cancéreux Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Bertrand Collin
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre anti-cancéreux Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France.,UMR uB/CNRS 6302, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire, Dijon, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- UMR INSERM/uB/AGROSUP 1231, Team 3 HSP-Pathies, labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre anti-cancéreux Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Evelyne Kohli
- UMR INSERM/uB/AGROSUP 1231, Team 3 HSP-Pathies, labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France. .,UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France. .,CHU, Dijon, France.
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10
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de Boer ECW, van Mourik AG, Jongerius I. Therapeutic Lessons to be Learned From the Role of Complement Regulators as Double-Edged Sword in Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:578069. [PMID: 33362763 PMCID: PMC7758290 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.578069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement system is an important part of the innate immune system, providing a strong defense against pathogens and removing apoptotic cells and immune complexes. Due to its strength, it is important that healthy human cells are protected against damage induced by the complement system. To be protected from complement, each cell type relies on a specific combination of both soluble and membrane-bound regulators. Their importance is indicated by the amount of pathologies associated with abnormalities in these complement regulators. Here, we will discuss the current knowledge on complement regulatory protein polymorphisms and expression levels together with their link to disease. These diseases often result in red blood cell destruction or occur in the eye, kidney or brain, which are tissues known for aberrant complement activity or regulation. In addition, complement regulators have also been associated with different types of cancer, although their mechanisms here have not been elucidated yet. In most of these pathologies, treatments are limited and do not prevent the complement system from attacking host cells, but rather fight the consequences of the complement-mediated damage, using for example blood transfusions in anemic patients. Currently only few drugs targeting the complement system are used in the clinic. With further demand for therapeutics rising linked to the wide range of complement-mediated disease we should broaden our horizon towards treatments that can actually protect the host cells against complement. Here, we will discuss the latest insights on how complement regulators can benefit therapeutics. Such therapeutics are currently being developed extensively, and can be categorized into full-length complement regulators, engineered complement system regulators and antibodies targeting complement regulators. In conclusion, this review provides an overview of the complement regulatory proteins and their links to disease, together with their potential in the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther C W de Boer
- Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anouk G van Mourik
- Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ilse Jongerius
- Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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11
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Matveeva OV, Shabalina SA. Prospects for Using Expression Patterns of Paramyxovirus Receptors as Biomarkers for Oncolytic Virotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123659. [PMID: 33291506 PMCID: PMC7762160 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Some non-pathogenic viruses that do not cause serious illness in humans can efficiently target and kill cancer cells and may be considered candidates for cancer treatment with virotherapy. However, many cancer cells are protected from viruses. An important goal of personalized cancer treatment is to identify viruses that can kill a certain type of cancer cells. To this end, researchers investigate expression patterns of cell entry receptors, which viruses use to bind to and enter host cells. We summarized and analyzed the receptor expression patterns of two paramyxoviruses: The non-pathogenic measles and the Sendai viruses. The receptors for these viruses are different and can be proteins or lipids with attached carbohydrates. This review discusses the prospects for using these paramyxovirus receptors as biomarkers for successful personalized virotherapy for certain types of cancer. Abstract The effectiveness of oncolytic virotherapy in cancer treatment depends on several factors, including successful virus delivery to the tumor, ability of the virus to enter the target malignant cell, virus replication, and the release of progeny virions from infected cells. The multi-stage process is influenced by the efficiency with which the virus enters host cells via specific receptors. This review describes natural and artificial receptors for two oncolytic paramyxoviruses, nonpathogenic measles, and Sendai viruses. Cell entry receptors are proteins for measles virus (MV) and sialylated glycans (sialylated glycoproteins or glycolipids/gangliosides) for Sendai virus (SeV). Accumulated published data reviewed here show different levels of expression of cell surface receptors for both viruses in different malignancies. Patients whose tumor cells have low or no expression of receptors for a specific oncolytic virus cannot be successfully treated with the virus. Recent published studies have revealed that an expression signature for immune genes is another important factor that determines the vulnerability of tumor cells to viral infection. In the future, a combination of expression signatures of immune and receptor genes could be used to find a set of oncolytic viruses that are more effective for specific malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Matveeva
- Sendai Viralytics LLC, 23 Nylander Way, Acton, MA 01720, USA
- Correspondence: (O.V.M.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Svetlana A. Shabalina
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
- Correspondence: (O.V.M.); (S.A.S.)
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12
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West EE, Kunz N, Kemper C. Complement and human T cell metabolism: Location, location, location. Immunol Rev 2020; 295:68-81. [PMID: 32166778 PMCID: PMC7261501 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The complement system represents one of the evolutionary oldest arms of our immune system and is commonly recognized as a liver-derived and serum-active system critical for providing protection against invading pathogens. Recent unexpected findings, however, have defined novel and rather "uncommon" locations and activities of complement. Specifically, the discovery of an intracellularly active complement system-the complosome-and its key role in the regulation of cell metabolic pathways that underly normal human T cell responses have taught us that there is still much to be discovered about this system. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about the emerging functions of the complosome in T cell metabolism. We further place complosome activities among the non-canonical roles of other intracellular innate danger sensing systems and argue that a "location-centric" view of complement evolution could logically justify its close connection with the regulation of basic cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. West
- Complement and Inflammation Research Section, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Natalia Kunz
- Complement and Inflammation Research Section, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Claudia Kemper
- Complement and Inflammation Research Section, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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13
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Riedel C, Chen HW, Reichart U, Lamp B, Laketa V, Rümenapf T. Real Time Analysis of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) Infection and Its Dependence on Bovine CD46. Viruses 2020; 12:E116. [PMID: 31963539 PMCID: PMC7019258 DOI: 10.3390/v12010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Virus attachment and entry is a complex interplay of viral and cellular interaction partners. Employing bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) encoding an mCherry-E2 fusion protein (BVDVE2-mCherry), being the first genetically labelled member of the family Flaviviridae applicable for the analysis of virus particles, the early events of infection-attachment, particle surface transport, and endocytosis-were monitored to better understand the mechanisms underlying virus entry and their dependence on the virus receptor, bovine CD46. The analysis of 801 tracks on the surface of SK6 cells inducibly expressing fluorophore labelled bovine CD46 (CD46fluo) demonstrated the presence of directed, diffusive, and confined motion. 26 entry events could be identified, with the majority being associated with a CD46fluo positive structure during endocytosis and occurring more than 20 min after virus addition. Deletion of the CD46fluo E2 binding domain (CD46fluo∆E2bind) did not affect the types of motions observed on the cell surface but resulted in a decreased number of observable entry events (2 out of 1081 tracks). Mean squared displacement analysis revealed a significantly increased velocity of particle transport for directed motions on CD46fluo∆E2bind expressing cells in comparison to CD46fluo. These results indicate that the presence of bovine CD46 is only affecting the speed of directed transport, but otherwise not influencing BVDV cell surface motility. Instead, bovine CD46 seems to be an important factor during uptake, suggesting the presence of additional cellular proteins interacting with the virus which are able to support its transport on the virus surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Riedel
- Institute of Virology, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (H.-W.C.); (T.R.)
| | - Hann-Wei Chen
- Institute of Virology, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (H.-W.C.); (T.R.)
| | - Ursula Reichart
- VetCore Facility for Research, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Benjamin Lamp
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, 35392 Gießen, Germany;
| | - Vibor Laketa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- German Center for Infection Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Till Rümenapf
- Institute of Virology, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (H.-W.C.); (T.R.)
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14
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Abstract
The complement system is an evolutionarily ancient key component of innate immunity required for the detection and removal of invading pathogens. It was discovered more than 100 years ago and was originally defined as a liver-derived, blood-circulating sentinel system that classically mediates the opsonization and lytic killing of dangerous microbes and the initiation of the general inflammatory reaction. More recently, complement has also emerged as a critical player in adaptive immunity via its ability to instruct both B and T cell responses. In particular, work on the impact of complement on T cell responses led to the surprising discoveries that the complement system also functions within cells and is involved in regulating basic cellular processes, predominantly those of metabolic nature. Here, we review current knowledge about complement's role in T cell biology, with a focus on the novel intracellular and noncanonical activities of this ancient system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E West
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States; ,
| | - Martin Kolev
- Division of Transplant Immunology and Mucosal Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom;
| | - Claudia Kemper
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States; , .,Division of Transplant Immunology and Mucosal Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom; .,Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
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15
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Kawai Y, Kawabata C, Sakaguchi M, Tamura T. Protection of Baculovirus Vectors Expressing Complement Regulatory Proteins against Serum Complement Attack. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 41:1600-1605. [PMID: 30270330 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Baculovirus vectors (BVs) enable safe and efficient gene delivery to mammalian cells and are useful in a wide range of applications, including gene therapy and in vivo analysis of gene functions. We previously developed BVs expressing malaria sporozoite surface proteins for targeting liver cells or hepatocytes. However, BVs are known to be very vulnerable to complement attack and efforts to overcome their inactivation based on complement are important. In this study, BVs expressing complement regulatory proteins (CRPs) on the surfaces of virions were developed to inhibit complement reactions. Decay accelerating factor (DAF; CD55)-type BVs exhibited significantly higher complement resistance than control BVs without any CRPs in HepG2 cells transduction, although the transduction efficacy of DAF-type BV was low. In contrast, CD46-DAF-CD59 fusion type BVs showed significantly higher transduction efficacy and complement resistance than both control and DAF-type BVs. DAF-type and CD46-DAF-CD59 type BVs repressed formation of the membrane attack complex, a terminal product of complement reaction cascades, induced by BVs. These results suggest that the CD46-DAF-CD59 fusion construct confers complement protection ability superior to that of the DAF construct in gene delivery under complement active serum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miako Sakaguchi
- Electron Microscope Room, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University
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16
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Abstract
The classical complement system is engrained in the mind of scientists and clinicians as a blood-operative key arm of innate immunity, critically required for the protection against invading pathogens. Recent work, however, has defined a novel and unexpected role for an intracellular complement system-the complosome-in the regulation of key metabolic events that underlie peripheral human T cell survival as well as the induction and cessation of their effector functions. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the emerging vital role of the complosome in T cell metabolism and discusses how viewing the evolution of the complement system from an "unconventional" vantage point could logically account for the development of its metabolic activities.
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17
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Haralambieva IH, Kennedy RB, Ovsyannikova IG, Schaid DJ, Poland GA. Current perspectives in assessing humoral immunity after measles vaccination. Expert Rev Vaccines 2018; 18:75-87. [PMID: 30585753 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1559063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Repeated measles outbreaks in countries with relatively high vaccine coverage are mainly due to failure to vaccinate and importation; however, cases in immunized individuals exist raising questions about suboptimal measles vaccine-induced humoral immunity and/or waning immunity in a low measles-exposure environment. AREAS COVERED The plaque reduction neutralization measurement of functional measles-specific antibodies correlates with protection is the gold standard in measles serology, but it does not assess cellular-immune or other parameters that may be associated with durable and/or protective immunity after vaccination. Additional correlates of protection and long-term immunity and new determinants/signatures of vaccine responsiveness such as specific CD46 and IFI44L genetic variants associated with neutralizing antibody titers after measles vaccination are under investigation. Current and future systems biology studies, coupled with new technology/assays and analytical approaches, will lead to an increasingly sophisticated understanding of measles vaccine-induced humoral immunity and will identify 'signatures' of protective and durable immune responses. EXPERT OPINION This will translate into the development of highly predictive assays of measles vaccine efficacy, effectiveness, and durability for prospective identification of potential low/non-responders and susceptible individuals who require additional vaccine doses. Such new advances may drive insights into the development of new/improved vaccine formulations and delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard B Kennedy
- a Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | | | - Daniel J Schaid
- a Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,b Department of Health Sciences Research , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Gregory A Poland
- a Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
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Michielsen LA, van Zuilen AD, Kardol-Hoefnagel T, Verhaar MC, Otten HG. Association Between Promoter Polymorphisms in CD46 and CD59 in Kidney Donors and Transplant Outcome. Front Immunol 2018; 9:972. [PMID: 29867953 PMCID: PMC5960667 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement regulating proteins, including CD46, CD55, and CD59, protect cells against self-damage. Because of their expression on the donor endothelium, they are hypothesized to be involved in accommodation. Polymorphisms in their promoter regions may affect their expression. The aim of this study was to investigate if donor polymorphisms in complement regulating proteins influence kidney transplant outcomes. We included 306 kidney transplantations between 2005 and 2010. Five polymorphisms in the promoters of CD46, CD55, and CD59 were genotyped. A CD59 promoter polymorphism (rs147788946) in donors was associated with a lower 1-year rejection-free survival [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 2.18, 95% CI 1.12–4.24] and a trend toward impaired 5-year graft survival (p = 0.08). Patients receiving a kidney with at least one G allele for the CD46 promoter polymorphism rs2796267 (A/G) showed a lower rejection-free survival, though this became borderline significant after adjustment for potential confounders (aHR 1.87, 95% CI 0.96–3.65). A second CD46 promoter polymorphism (rs2796268, A/G), was also associated with a lower freedom from acute rejection in the presence of at least one G allele (aHR 1.95, 95% CI 1.03–3.68). Finally, the combined presence of both favorable genotypes of rs2796267 and rs147788946 had an additional protective effect both on acute rejection (p = 0.006) and graft survival (p = 0.03). These findings could help to identify patients who could benefit from intensified immunosuppressive therapy or novel complement inhibitory therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Michielsen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Arjan D van Zuilen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Tineke Kardol-Hoefnagel
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marianne C Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Henny G Otten
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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West EE, Afzali B, Kemper C. Unexpected Roles for Intracellular Complement in the Regulation of Th1 Responses. Adv Immunol 2018; 138:35-70. [PMID: 29731006 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The complement system is generally recognized as an evolutionarily ancient and critical part of innate immunity required for the removal of pathogens that have breached the protective host barriers. It was originally defined as a liver-derived serum surveillance system that induces the opsonization and killing of invading microbes and amplifies the general inflammatory reactions. However, studies spanning the last four decades have established complement also as a vital bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. Furthermore, recent work on complement, and in particular its impact on human T helper 1 (Th1) responses, has led to the unexpected findings that the complement system also functions within cells and that it participates in the regulation of basic processes of the cell, including metabolism. These recent new insights into the unanticipated noncanonical activities of this ancient system suggest that the functions of complement extend well beyond mere host protection and into cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E West
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Behdad Afzali
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States; Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section (Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch), National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Claudia Kemper
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States; Division of Transplant Immunology and Mucosal Biology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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Killick J, Morisse G, Sieger D, Astier AL. Complement as a regulator of adaptive immunity. Semin Immunopathol 2018; 40:37-48. [PMID: 28842749 PMCID: PMC5794818 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-017-0644-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The complement system is an ancient and evolutionarily conserved effector system comprising in mammals over 50 circulating and membrane bound proteins. Complement has long been described as belonging to the innate immune system; however, a number of recent studies have demonstrated its key role in the modulation of the adaptive immune response. This review does not set out to be an exhaustive list of the numerous interactions of the many complement components with adaptive immunity; rather, we will focus more precisely on the role of some complement molecules in the regulation of antigen presenting cells, as well as on their direct effect on the activation of the core adaptive immune cells, B and T lymphocytes. Recent reports on the local production and activation of complement proteins also suggest a major role in the control of effector responses. The crucial role of complement in adaptive immunity is further highlighted by several examples of dysregulation of these pathways in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Killick
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh Centre for MS Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Gregoire Morisse
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh Centre for MS Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
- Centre for NeuroRegeneration, Edinburgh Centre for MS Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Dirk Sieger
- Centre for NeuroRegeneration, Edinburgh Centre for MS Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Anne L Astier
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh Centre for MS Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
- Inserm U1043, CNRS U5282, Université de Toulouse, Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), F-31300, Toulouse, France.
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21
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Ni Choileain S, Hay J, Thomas J, Williams A, Vermeren MM, Benezech C, Gomez-Salazar M, Hugues OR, Vermeren S, Howie SEM, Dransfield I, Astier AL. TCR-stimulated changes in cell surface CD46 expression generate type 1 regulatory T cells. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/502/eaah6163. [PMID: 29066539 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aah6163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A lack of regulatory T cell function is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Ligation of the complement regulatory protein CD46 facilitates the differentiation of T helper 1 (TH1) effector cells into interleukin-10 (IL-10)-secreting type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1 cells), and this pathway is defective in MS patients. Cleavage of the ectodomain of CD46, which contains three N-glycosylation sites and multiple O-glycosylation sites, enables CD46 to activate T cells. We found that stimulation of the T cell receptor (TCR)-CD3 complex was associated with a reduction in the apparent molecular mass of CD46 in a manner that depended on O-glycosylation. CD3-stimulated changes in CD46 O-glycosylation status reduced CD46 processing and subsequent T cell signaling. During T cell activation, CD46 was recruited to the immune synapse in a manner that required its serine-, threonine-, and proline-rich (STP) region, which is rich in O-glycosylation sites. Recruitment of CD46 to the immune synapse switched T cells from producing the inflammatory cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ) to producing IL-10. Furthermore, CD4+ T cells isolated from MS patients did not exhibit a CD3-stimulated reduction in the mass of CD46 and thus showed increased amounts of cell surface CD46. Together, these data suggest a possible mechanism underlying the regulatory function of CD46 on T cells. Our findings may explain why this pathway is defective in patients with MS and provide insights into MS pathogenesis that could help to design future immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan Ni Choileain
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Joanne Hay
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Joelle Thomas
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS UMR 5310-INSERM U1217, F-69100 Lyon, France
| | - Anna Williams
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Matthieu M Vermeren
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Cecile Benezech
- UK Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Mario Gomez-Salazar
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Owen R Hugues
- Millipore (U.K.) Limited, Croxley Green Business Park, Watford, Hertfordshire WD18 8ZB, UK
| | - Sonja Vermeren
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Sarah E M Howie
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ian Dransfield
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Anne L Astier
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK. .,Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, INSERM U1043, CNRS U5282, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31300, France
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22
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Qiao P, Dang E, Cao T, Fang H, Zhang J, Qiao H, Wang G. Dysregulation of mCD46 and sCD46 contribute to the pathogenesis of bullous pemphigoid. Sci Rep 2017; 7:145. [PMID: 28273946 PMCID: PMC5428046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00235-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune bullous disease caused by autoantibodies against BP180 in the epidermal basement membrane. Autoantibody-mediated complement activation is an important process in BP pathogenesis. CD46, a crucial complement regulatory protein in the complement activation, has been reported to be involved in several autoimmune diseases. In the present study, we investigated whether CD46 plays a role in BP development. We found that sCD46 expression was significantly increased in the serum and blister fluids of BP patients and correlated with the levels of anti-BP180 NC16A antibody and C3a. Otherwise, the level of mCD46 was decreased in lesions of BP patients, whereas the complement activation was enhanced. We also found that CD46 knockdown in HaCaT human keratinocytes enhanced autoantibody-mediated complement activation. Importantly, exogenous CD46 blocked complement activation in both healthy skin sections and keratinocytes induced by exposure to pathogenic antibodies from BP patients. These data suggest that CD46 deficiency is an important factor in BP pathogenesis and that increasing CD46 levels might be an effective treatment for BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Erle Dang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianyu Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jieyu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongjiang Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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23
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Liszewski MK, Elvington M, Kulkarni HS, Atkinson JP. Complement's hidden arsenal: New insights and novel functions inside the cell. Mol Immunol 2017; 84:2-9. [PMID: 28196665 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A key component of both innate and adaptive immunity, new understandings of the complement system are expanding its roles beyond that traditionally appreciated. Evidence is accumulating that complement has an intracellular arsenal of components that provide not only immune defense, but also assist in key interactions for host cell functions. Although early work has primarily centered on T cells, the intracellular complement system likely functions in many if not most cells of the body. Some of these functions may trace their origins to the primitive complement system that began as a primeval form of C3 likely tasked for protection from intracellular pathogen invasion. This later expanded to include extracellular defense as C3 became a secreted protein to patrol the vasculature. Other components were added to the growing system including regulators to protect host cells from the indiscriminate effects of this potent system. Contemporary cells may retain some of these vestigial remnants. We now know that a) C3 serves as a damage-associated molecular pattern (in particular by coating pathogens that translocate into cells), b) most cells store C3 and recycle C3(H2O) for immediate use, and c) C3 assists in cellular survival and metabolic reprogramming. Other components also are part of this hidden arsenal including C5, properdin, factors H and B, and complement receptors. Importantly, better definition of the intracellular complement system may translate into new target discovery to assist in creating the next generation of complement therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hrishikesh S Kulkarni
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8045, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Preclinical safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and biodistribution studies with Ad35K++ protein: a novel rituximab cotherapeutic. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2016; 5:16013. [PMID: 27069950 PMCID: PMC4813608 DOI: 10.1038/mtm.2016.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rituximab is a mouse/human chimeric monoclonal antibody targeted toward CD20. It is efficient as first-line therapy of CD20-positive B-cell malignancies. However, a large fraction of treated patients relapse with rituximab-resistant disease. So far, only modest progress has been made in treatment options for rituximab refractory patients. One of the mechanisms for rituximab resistance involves the upregulation of CD46, which is a key cell surface protein that blocks the activation of complement. We have recently developed a technology that depletes CD46 from the cell surface and thereby sensitizes tumor cells to complement-dependent cytotoxicity. This technology is based on a small recombinant protein, Ad35K++ that binds with high affinity to CD46. In preliminary studies using a 6 × histidinyl tagged protein, we had demonstrated that intravenous Ad35K++ injection in combination with rituximab was safe and increased rituximab-mediated killing of CD20-positive target cells in mice and nonhuman primates (NHPs). The presence of the tag, while allowing for easy purification by Ni-NTA chromatography, has the potential to increase the immunogenicity of the recombinant protein. For clinical application, we therefore developed an Ad35K++ protein without His-tag. In the present study, we performed preclinical studies in two animal species (mice and NHPs) with this protein demonstrating its safety and efficacy. These studies estimated the Ad35K++ dose range and treatment regimen to be used in patients. Furthermore, we showed that intravenous Ad35K++ injection triggers the shedding of the CD46 extracellular domain in xenograft mouse tumor models and in macaques. Shed serum CD46 can be measured in the serum and can potentially be used as a pharmacodynamic marker for monitoring Ad35K++ activity in patient undergoing treatment with this agent. These studies create the basis for an investigational new drug application for the use of Ad35K++ in combination with rituximab in the treatment of patients with B-cell malignancies.
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25
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Tilib Shamoun S, Le Friec G, Spinner N, Kemper C, Baker AJ. Immune dysregulation in Alagille syndrome: A new feature of the evolving phenotype. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2015; 39:566-9. [PMID: 26026399 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a rare autosomal dominant, multi-system disease caused by mutations in one of two NOTCH signaling pathway genes. Mutations in JAG1 are found in more than 94% of patients, with associated Jagged1 defects. We previously showed that CD46, which is a complement and immune regulator, regulates NOTCH expression during T cell activation after binding to C3b/C4b. We have identified 25% of our ALGS cohort with frequent infections and studied a subgroup of 4 in detail who were not showing current features of infections in order to show if Jagged1 abnormalities could affect immune function. We used cytometric bead arrays and FACS to measure cytokines and cell membrane expression. Resting and activated T cells were studied in both low and high IL-2 concentration to assess the TH1 ability to shift from INFγ to IL-10 production. In vitro initial PBMC cell population and subpopulation assessment were normal but further assessment of the lymphocytes revealed that while NOTCH1 expression and regulation was normal on resting TH1, Jagged1 expression was exaggerated. Resting TH1 cells from some patients exhibited high CD132 levels. Upon activating T cells, TH1 cells managed to produce TNF but failed to produce sufficient IFNγ levels (in two patients TH1 produced no IFNγ). TH2 exhibited exaggerated response with high IL-4 and IL-5 levels. TH1 were unable to down-regulate CD127, resulting in prolonged immune activation, and failed to shift from IFNγ to IL-10 production maintaining high IL-2 levels suggesting an impaired T cell response. Disturbed CD46-Jagged1 interaction may explain recurrent infections among ALGS patients, and could predispose to Th2-driven conditions such as asthma, eczema, food allergies and airway atopy and otitis media. The ALGS description could now be extended to include immune dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tilib Shamoun
- King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - G Le Friec
- MRC Center for Transplantation, Guys' Hospital, King's College London, 5th Floor Tower Wing, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - N Spinner
- Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615, Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia 19104-4318, PA, United States
| | - C Kemper
- MRC Center for Transplantation, Guys' Hospital, King's College London, 5th Floor Tower Wing, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - A J Baker
- King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom.
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Monocyte:T-cell interaction regulates human T-cell activation through a CD28/CD46 crosstalk. Immunol Cell Biol 2015; 93:796-803. [PMID: 25787182 PMCID: PMC4519525 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2015.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
T cell activation requires engagement of the T cell receptor and of at least one costimulatory molecule. The key role of CD28 in inducing T cell activation has been reported several decades ago and the molecular mechanisms involved well described. The complement regulator CD46 also acts as a costimulatory molecule for T cells but, in contrast to CD28, has the ability to drive T cell differentiation from producing some IFNγ to secreting some potent anti-inflammatory IL-10, acquiring a so-called Type I regulatory phenotype (Tr1). Proteolytic cleavage of CD46 occurs upon costimulation and is important for T cell activation and IL-10 production. The observation that CD46 cleavage was reduced when PBMC were costimulated compared to purified naive T cells led us to hypothesize that interactions between different cell types within the PBMC were able to modulate the CD46 pathway. We show that CD46 downregulation is also reduced when CD4+ T cells are co-cultured with autologous monocytes. Indeed, monocyte:T cell co-cultures impaired CD46–mediated T cell differentiation and coactivation, by reducing downregulation of surface CD46, lowering induction of the early activation marker CD69, as well as reducing the levels of IL-10 secretion. Blocking of CD86 could partly restore CD69 expression and cytokine secretion, demonstrating that the CD28-CD86 pathway regulates CD46 activation. Direct concomitant ligation of CD28 and CD46 on CD4+ T cells also modulated CD46 expression and regulated cytokine production. These data identify a crosstalk between two main costimulatory pathways and provide novel insights into the regulation of human T cell activation.
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Hayes CE, Hubler SL, Moore JR, Barta LE, Praska CE, Nashold FE. Vitamin D Actions on CD4(+) T Cells in Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2015; 6:100. [PMID: 25852682 PMCID: PMC4364365 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes and integrates research on vitamin D and CD4+ T-lymphocyte biology to develop new mechanistic insights into the molecular etiology of autoimmune disease. A deep understanding of molecular mechanisms relevant to gene–environment interactions is needed to deliver etiology-based autoimmune disease prevention and treatment strategies. Evidence linking sunlight, vitamin D, and the risk of multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes is summarized to develop the thesis that vitamin D is the environmental factor that most strongly influences autoimmune disease development. Evidence for CD4+ T-cell involvement in autoimmune disease pathogenesis and for paracrine calcitriol signaling to CD4+ T lymphocytes is summarized to support the thesis that calcitriol is sunlight’s main protective signal transducer in autoimmune disease risk. Animal modeling and human mechanistic data are summarized to support the view that vitamin D probably influences thymic negative selection, effector Th1 and Th17 pathogenesis and responsiveness to extrinsic cell death signals, FoxP3+CD4+ T-regulatory cell and CD4+ T-regulatory cell type 1 (Tr1) cell functions, and a Th1–Tr1 switch. The proposed Th1–Tr1 switch appears to bridge two stable, self-reinforcing immune states, pro- and anti-inflammatory, each with a characteristic gene regulatory network. The bi-stable switch would enable T cells to integrate signals from pathogens, hormones, cell–cell interactions, and soluble mediators and respond in a biologically appropriate manner. Finally, unanswered questions and potentially informative future research directions are highlighted to speed delivery of etiology-based strategies to reduce autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Elizabeth Hayes
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI , USA
| | - Shane L Hubler
- Department of Statistics, College of Letters and Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI , USA
| | - Jerott R Moore
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI , USA
| | - Lauren E Barta
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI , USA
| | - Corinne E Praska
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI , USA
| | - Faye E Nashold
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI , USA
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Excoffon KJDA, Bowers JR, Sharma P. 1. Alternative splicing of viral receptors: A review of the diverse morphologies and physiologies of adenoviral receptors. RECENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENTS IN VIROLOGY 2015; 9:1-24. [PMID: 25621323 PMCID: PMC4302334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the biology of cell surface proteins is important particularly when they are utilized as viral receptors for viral entry. By manipulating the expression of cell surface receptors that have been coopted by viruses, the susceptibility of an individual to virus-induced disease or, alternatively, the effectiveness of viral-based gene therapy can be modified. The most commonly studied vector for gene therapy is adenovirus. The majority of adenovirus types utilize the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) as a primary receptor to enter cells. Species B adenovirus do not interact with CAR, but instead interact with the cell surface proteins desmoglein-2 (DSG-2) and cluster of differentiation 46 (CD46). These cell surface proteins exhibit varying degrees of alternative mRNA splicing, creating an estimated 20 distinct protein isoforms. It is likely that alternative splice forms have allowed these proteins to optimize their effectiveness in a plethora of niches, including roles as cell adhesion proteins and regulators of the innate immune system. Interestingly, there are soluble isoforms of these viral receptors, which lack the transmembrane domain. These soluble isoforms can potentially bind to the surface of a virus in the extracellular compartment, blocking the ability of the virus to bind to the host cell, reducing viral infectivity. Finally, the diversity of viral receptor isoforms appears to facilitate an assortment of interactions between viral receptor proteins and cytosolic proteins, leading to differential sorting in polarized cells. Using adenoviral receptors as a model system, the purpose of this review is to highlight the role that isoform-specific protein localization plays in the entry of pathogenic viruses from the apical surface of polarized epithelial cells.
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29
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Hay J, Carter D, Lieber A, Astier AL. Recombinant Ad35 adenoviral proteins as potent modulators of human T cell activation. Immunology 2014; 144:453-460. [PMID: 25251258 PMCID: PMC4557682 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein CD46 protects cells from complement attack by regulating cleavage of C3b and C3d. CD46 also regulates the adaptive immune response by controlling T cell activation and differentiation. Co-engagement of the T cell receptor and CD46 notably drives T cell differentiation by switching production of IFNγ to secretion of anti-inflammatory IL-10. This regulatory pathway is altered in several chronic inflammatory diseases highlighting its key role for immune homeostasis. The manipulation of the CD46 pathway may therefore provide a powerful means to regulate immune responses. Herein, we investigated the effect of recombinant proteins derived from the fiber knob of the adenovirus serotype 35 (Ad35) that uses CD46 as its entry receptor, on human T cell activation. We compared the effects of Ad35K++, engineered to exhibit enhanced affinity to CD46, and of Ad35K-, mutated in the binding site for CD46. Ad35K++ profoundly affects T cell activation by decreasing the levels of CD46 at the surface of primary T cells, and impairing T cell co-activation, shown by decreased CD25 expression, reduced proliferation and lower secretion of IL-10 and IFNγ. In contrast, Ad35K- acts a potent coactivator of T cells, enhancing T cell proliferation and cytokine production. These data show that recombinant Ad35 proteins are potent modulators of human T cell activation, and support their further development as potential drugs targeting T cell responses. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Hay
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research InstituteEdinburgh, UK
| | - Darrick Carter
- PAI Life Sciences Inc.Seattle, WA, USA
- Compliment Corp.Seattle, WA, USA
| | - André Lieber
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA, USA
| | - Anne L Astier
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research InstituteEdinburgh, UK
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Mahurkar S, Suppiah V, O'Doherty C. Pharmacogenomics of interferon beta and glatiramer acetate response: A review of the literature. Autoimmun Rev 2014; 13:178-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Carter D, Lieber A. Protein engineering to target complement evasion in cancer. FEBS Lett 2013; 588:334-40. [PMID: 24239543 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The complement system is composed of soluble factors in plasma that enhance or "complement" immune-mediated killing through innate and adaptive mechanisms. Activation of complement causes recruitment of immune cells; opsonization of coated cells; and direct killing of affected cells through a membrane attack complex (MAC). Tumor cells up-regulate complement inhibitory factors - one of several strategies to evade the immune system. In many cases as the tumor progresses, dramatic increases in complement inhibitory factors are found on these cells. This review focuses on the classic complement pathway and the role of major complement inhibitory factors in cancer immune evasion as well as on how current protein engineering efforts are being employed to increase complement fixing or to reverse complement resistance leading to better therapeutic outcomes in oncology. Strategies discussed include engineering of antibodies to enhance complement fixation, antibodies that neutralize complement inhibitory proteins as well as engineered constructs that specifically target inhibition of the complement system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrick Carter
- PAI Life Sciences Inc., Seattle, WA, United States; Compliment Corp., Seattle, WA, United States.
| | - André Lieber
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Kolev M, Le Friec G, Kemper C. The role of complement in CD4+ T cell homeostasis and effector functions. Semin Immunol 2013; 25:12-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2013.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Yu D, Jin C, Ramachandran M, Xu J, Nilsson B, Korsgren O, Le Blanc K, Uhrbom L, Forsberg-Nilsson K, Westermark B, Adamson R, Maitland N, Fan X, Essand M. Adenovirus serotype 5 vectors with Tat-PTD modified hexon and serotype 35 fiber show greatly enhanced transduction capacity of primary cell cultures. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54952. [PMID: 23372800 PMCID: PMC3555985 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) vectors represent one of the most efficient gene delivery vectors in life sciences. However, Ad5 is dependent on expression of the coxsackievirus-adenovirus-receptor (CAR) on the surface of target cell for efficient transduction, which limits it’s utility for certain cell types. Herein we present a new vector, Ad5PTDf35, which is an Ad5 vector having serotype 35 fiber-specificity and Tat-PTD hexon-modification. This vector shows dramatically increased transduction capacity of primary human cell cultures including T cells, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, pancreatic islets and exocrine cells, mesenchymal stem cells and tumor initiating cells. Biodistribution in mice following systemic administration (tail-vein injection) show significantly reduced uptake in the liver and spleen of Ad5PTDf35 compared to unmodified Ad5. Therefore, replication-competent viruses with these modifications may be further developed as oncolytic agents for cancer therapy. User-friendly backbone plasmids containing these modifications were developed for compatibility to the AdEasy-system to facilitate the development of surface-modified adenoviruses for gene delivery to difficult-to-transduce cells in basic, pre-clinical and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chuan Jin
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mohanraj Ramachandran
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Berith Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olle Korsgren
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katarina Le Blanc
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Lene Uhrbom
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Forsberg-Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bengt Westermark
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rachel Adamson
- Department of Biology, YCR Cancer Research Unit, University of York, Heslington, United Kingdom
| | - Norman Maitland
- Department of Biology, YCR Cancer Research Unit, University of York, Heslington, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaolong Fan
- Rausing Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Magnus Essand
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Wavelet feature extraction and genetic algorithm for biomarker detection in colorectal cancer data. Knowl Based Syst 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2012.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Nipah virus envelope-pseudotyped lentiviruses efficiently target ephrinB2-positive stem cell populations in vitro and bypass the liver sink when administered in vivo. J Virol 2012. [PMID: 23192877 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02032-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sophisticated retargeting systems for lentiviral vectors have been developed in recent years. Most seek to suppress the viral envelope's natural tropism while modifying the receptor-binding domain such that its tropism is determined by the specificity of the engineered ligand-binding motif. Here we took advantage of the natural tropism of Nipah virus (NiV), whose attachment envelope glycoprotein has picomolar affinity for ephrinB2, a molecule proposed as a molecular marker of "stemness" (present on embryonic, hematopoietic, and neural stem cells) as well as being implicated in tumorigenesis of specific cancers. NiV entry requires both the fusion (F) and attachment (G) glycoproteins. Truncation of the NiV-F cytoplasmic tail (T5F) alone, combined with full-length NiV-G, resulted in optimal titers of NiV-pseudotyped particles (NiVpp) (∼10(6) IU/ml), even without ultracentrifugation. To further enhance the infectivity of NiVpp, we engineered a hyperfusogenic NiV-F protein lacking an N-linked glycosylation site (T5FΔN3). T5FΔN3/wt G particles exhibited enhanced infectivity on less permissive cell lines and efficiently targeted ephrinB2(+) cells even in a 1,000-fold excess of ephrinB2-negative cells, all without any loss of specificity, as entry was abrogated by soluble ephrinB2. NiVpp also transduced human embryonic, hematopoietic, and neural stem cell populations in an ephrinB2-dependent manner. Finally, intravenous administration of the luciferase reporter NiVpp-T5FΔN3/G to mice resulted in signals being detected in the spleen and lung but not in the liver. Bypassing the liver sink is a critical barrier for targeted gene therapy. The extraordinary specificity of NiV-G for ephrinB2 holds promise for targeting specific ephrinB2(+) populations in vivo or in vitro.
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Kickler K, Ni Choileain S, Williams A, Richards A, Astier AL. Calcitriol modulates the CD46 pathway in T cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48486. [PMID: 23144765 PMCID: PMC3483209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement regulator CD46 is a costimulatory molecule for human T cells that induces a regulatory Tr1 phenotype, characterized by large amounts of IL-10 secretion. Secretion of IL-10 upon CD46 costimulation is largely impaired in T cells from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Vitamin D can exert a direct effect on T cells, and may be beneficial in several pathologies, including MS. In this pilot study, we examined whether active vitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D(3) or calcitriol) could modulate the CD46 pathway and restore IL-10 production by CD46-costimulated CD4+ T cells from patients with MS. In healthy T cells, calcitriol profoundly affects the phenotype of CD46-costimulated CD4+ T cells, by increasing the expression of CD28, CD25, CTLA-4 and Foxp3 while it concomitantly decreased CD46 expression. Similar trends were observed in MS CD4+ T cells except for CD25 for which a striking opposite effect was observed: while CD25 was normally induced on MS T cells by CD46 costimulation, addition of calcitriol consistently inhibited its induction. Despite the aberrant effect on CD25 expression, calcitriol increased the IL-10:IFNγ ratio, characteristic of the CD46-induced Tr1 phenotype, in both T cells from healthy donors and patients with MS. Hence, we show that calcitriol affects the CD46 pathway, and that it promotes anti-inflammatory responses mediated by CD46. Moreover, it might be beneficial for T cell responses in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Kickler
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Siobhan Ni Choileain
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre, MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Bioquarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Williams
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre, MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Bioquarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Richards
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anne L. Astier
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre, MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Bioquarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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