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Turánek J, Kosztyu P, Turánek Knötigová P, Bartheldyová E, Hubatka F, Odehnalová N, Mikulík R, Vaškovicová N, Čelechovská H, Kratochvílová I, Fekete L, Tavares MR, Chytil P, Raška M, Etrych T. Long circulating liposomal platform utilizing hydrophilic polymer-based surface modification: preparation, characterisation, and biological evaluation. Int J Pharm 2024; 661:124465. [PMID: 39004290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Liposomes are one of the most important drug delivery vectors, nowadays used in clinics. In general, polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used to ensure the stealth properties of the liposomes. Here, we have employed hydrophilic, biocompatible and highly non-fouling N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA)-based copolymers containing hydrophobic cholesterol anchors for the surface modification of liposomes, which were prepared by the method of lipid film hydration and extrusion through 100 nm polycarbonate filters. Efficient surface modification of liposomes was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and gradient ultracentrifugation. The ability of long-term circulation in the vascular bed was demonstrated in rabbits after i.v. application of fluorescently labelled liposomes. Compared to PEGylated liposomes, HPMA-based copolymer-modified liposomes did not induce specific antibody formation and did not activate murine and human complement. Compared with PEGylated liposomes, HPMA-based copolymer-modified liposomes showed a better long-circulating effect after repeated administration. HPMA-based copolymer-modified liposomes thus represent suitable new candidates for a generation of safer and improved liposomal drug delivery platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Turánek
- ICRC International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Charles University Prague, Univ. Hosp. Hradec Králové, Inst. Clin. Immunol. & Allergol., Hradec Králové 50005, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Kosztyu
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Eliška Bartheldyová
- ICRC International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic
| | - František Hubatka
- ICRC International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Odehnalová
- ICRC International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Mikulík
- ICRC International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Naděžda Vaškovicová
- Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Čelechovská
- Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Kratochvílová
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Fekete
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Marina R Tavares
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Chytil
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Milan Raška
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Lee Y, Jeong M, Lee G, Park J, Jung H, Im S, Lee H. Development of Lipid Nanoparticle Formulation for the Repeated Administration of mRNA Therapeutics. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0017. [PMID: 38779139 PMCID: PMC11109479 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, mRNA vaccines emerged as a rapid and effective solution for global immunization. The success of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines has increased interest in the use of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for the in vivo delivery of mRNA therapeutics. Although mRNA exhibits robust expression profiles, transient protein expression is often observed, raising uncertainty regarding the frequency of its administration. Additionally, various RNA therapeutics may necessitate repeated dosing to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes. Nevertheless, the impact of repeated administrations of mRNA/LNP on immune responses and protein expression efficacy remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the influence of the formulation parameters, specifically ionizable lipids and polyethylene glycol (PEG) lipids, on the repeat administration of mRNA/LNP. Our findings revealed that ionizable lipids had no discernible impact on the dose-responsive efficacy of repeat administrations, whereas the lipid structure and molar ratio of PEG lipids were primary factors that affected mRNA/LNP performance. The optimization of the LNP formulation with PEG lipid confirmed the sustained dose-responsive efficacy of mRNA after repeated administrations. This study highlights the critical importance of optimizing LNP formulations for mRNA therapeutics requiring repeated administrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeji Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Michaela Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeongseok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongeun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyein Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongeun Im
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukjin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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Gaballa SA, Shimizu T, Ando H, Takata H, Emam SE, Ramadan E, Naguib YW, Mady FM, Khaled KA, Ishida T. Treatment-induced and Pre-existing Anti-peg Antibodies: Prevalence, Clinical Implications, and Future Perspectives. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:555-578. [PMID: 37931786 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a versatile polymer that is used in numerous pharmaceutical applications like the food industry, a wide range of disinfectants, cosmetics, and many commonly used household products. PEGylation is the term used to describe the covalent attachment of PEG molecules to nanocarriers, proteins and peptides, and it is used to prolong the circulation half-life of the PEGylated products. Consequently, PEGylation improves the efficacy of PEGylated therapeutics. However, after four decades of research and more than two decades of clinical applications, an unappealing side of PEGylation has emerged. PEG immunogenicity and antigenicity are remarkable challenges that confound the widespread clinical application of PEGylated therapeutics - even those under clinical trials - as anti-PEG antibodies (Abs) are commonly reported following the systemic administration of PEGylated therapeutics. Furthermore, pre-existing anti-PEG Abs have also been reported in healthy individuals who have never been treated with PEGylated therapeutics. The circulating anti-PEG Abs, both treatment-induced and pre-existing, selectively bind to PEG molecules of the administered PEGylated therapeutics inducing activation of the complement system, which results in remarkable clinical implications with varying severity. These include increased blood clearance of the administered PEGylated therapeutics through what is known as the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon and initiation of serious adverse effects through complement activation-related pseudoallergic reactions (CARPA). Therefore, the US FDA industry guidelines have recommended the screening of anti-PEG Abs, in addition to Abs against PEGylated proteins, in the clinical trials of PEGylated protein therapeutics. In addition, strategies revoking the immunogenic response against PEGylated therapeutics without compromising their therapeutic efficacy are important for the further development of advanced PEGylated therapeutics and drug-delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif A Gaballa
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Taro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Hidenori Ando
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Research Center for Drug Delivery System, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Haruka Takata
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Research Center for Drug Delivery System, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Sherif E Emam
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519 Egypt
| | - Eslam Ramadan
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Youssef W Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Fatma M Mady
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Khaled
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Research Center for Drug Delivery System, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
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Davis E, Caparco AA, Steinmetz NF, Pokorski JK. Poly(Oxanorbornene)-Protein Conjugates Prepared by Grafting-to ROMP as Alternatives for PEG. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300255. [PMID: 37688508 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
PEGylation is the gold standard in protein-polymer conjugation, improving circulation half-life of biologics while mitigating the immune response to a foreign substance. However, preexisting anti-PEG antibodies in healthy humans are becoming increasingly prevalent and elicitation of anti-PEG antibodies when patients are administered with PEGylated therapeutics challenges their safety profile. In the current study, two distinct amine-reactive poly(oxanorbornene) (PONB) imide-based water-soluble block co-polymers are synthesized using ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The synthesized block-copolymers include PEG-based PONB-PEG and sulfobetaine-based PONB-Zwit. The polymers are then covalently conjugated to amine residues of lysozyme (Lyz) and urate oxidase (UO) using a grafting-to bioconjugation technique. Both Lyz-PONB and UO-PONB conjugates retained significant bioactivities after bioconjugation. Immune recognition studies of UO-PONB conjugates indicated a comparable lowering of protein immunogenicity when compared to PEGylated UO. PEG-specific immune recognition is negligible for UO-PONB-Zwit conjugates, as expected. These polymers provide a new alternative for PEG-based systems that retain high levels of activity for the biologic while showing improved immune recognition profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabathe Davis
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Adam A Caparco
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jonathan K Pokorski
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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Zhang X, Pan J, Ye X, Chen Y, Wang L, Meng X, Chen W, Wang F. Activation of CYP3A by Accelerated Blood Clearance Phenomenon Potentiates the Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Targeting Therapeutic Effects of PEGylated Anticancer Prodrug Liposomes. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1651-1662. [PMID: 37775330 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced enzyme activity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and poor targeting limit the application of enzyme-activating prodrugs, which is also detrimental to the effective treatment of HCC. Here, we investigated whether accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon occurs in HCC models following repeated injections of PEGylated liposomes (PEG-L), thus inducing prodrug accumulation and activation in the liver and exerting highly effective and low-toxicity therapeutic effects on HCC. First, PEGylated liposomal cyclophosphamide was prepared by solvent injection and characterized. Importantly, preinjection of PEG-L induced the ABC phenomenon and activation of CYP3A in both HCC rats and HCC mice by studying the effects of repeated injections of PEG-L on pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution. Next, the efficacy and toxicity of repeated injections of PEG-L in HCC mice were examined, and our data indicate that repeated injections are administered in a manner that significantly enhances the antitumor effect compared with controls, with little or no toxicity to other organs. To further reveal the pharmacokinetic mechanism of PEG-L repeated administration for the treatment of HCC, the protein expression of hepatic CYP3A and the concentration of cyclophosphamide in the liver and spleen of HCC mice by inhibiting CYP3A were analyzed. These results revealed that inducing CYP3A to accelerate the rapid conversion of prodrugs that accumulate significantly in the liver is a key mechanism for the treatment of HCC with repeated injections of PEG-L. Collectively, this work taps into the application potential of the ABC phenomenon and provides new insights into the clinical application of PEGylated nanoformulations. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study revealed that repeated injections of PEGylated liposomes could induce the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon characterized by hepatic accumulation and CYP3A activation based on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rats and HCC mice. Furthermore, it was verified that induction of the ABC phenomenon dependent on hepatic accumulation and CYP3A activation could enhance the antihepatocellular carcinoma effects of PEGylated anticancer prodrugs in HCC mice. This elucidated the relevant pharmacokinetic mechanisms and unearthed new clues for solving the clinical application of PEGylated nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (X.Z., J.P., L.W., W.C., F.W.); Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Hefei), Hefei, China (X.Y., X.M., F.W.); School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (F.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, Hefei, China (F.W.); and Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (Y.C.)
| | - Jianquan Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (X.Z., J.P., L.W., W.C., F.W.); Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Hefei), Hefei, China (X.Y., X.M., F.W.); School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (F.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, Hefei, China (F.W.); and Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (Y.C.)
| | - Xi Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (X.Z., J.P., L.W., W.C., F.W.); Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Hefei), Hefei, China (X.Y., X.M., F.W.); School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (F.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, Hefei, China (F.W.); and Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (Y.C.)
| | - Yunna Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (X.Z., J.P., L.W., W.C., F.W.); Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Hefei), Hefei, China (X.Y., X.M., F.W.); School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (F.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, Hefei, China (F.W.); and Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (Y.C.)
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (X.Z., J.P., L.W., W.C., F.W.); Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Hefei), Hefei, China (X.Y., X.M., F.W.); School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (F.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, Hefei, China (F.W.); and Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (Y.C.)
| | - Xiangyun Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (X.Z., J.P., L.W., W.C., F.W.); Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Hefei), Hefei, China (X.Y., X.M., F.W.); School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (F.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, Hefei, China (F.W.); and Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (Y.C.)
| | - Weidong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (X.Z., J.P., L.W., W.C., F.W.); Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Hefei), Hefei, China (X.Y., X.M., F.W.); School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (F.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, Hefei, China (F.W.); and Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (Y.C.).
| | - Fengling Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (X.Z., J.P., L.W., W.C., F.W.); Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Hefei), Hefei, China (X.Y., X.M., F.W.); School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (F.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, Hefei, China (F.W.); and Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (Y.C.).
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Hu M, Taguchi K, Matsumoto K, Kobatake E, Ito Y, Ueda M. Polysarcosine-Coated liposomes attenuating immune response induction and prolonging blood circulation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 651:273-283. [PMID: 37542902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Liposomes coated with long polysarcosine (PSar) chains at a high density might enable long blood circulation and attenuate accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon. EXPERIMENTS In this study, we controlled the length (23, 45, 68 mers) and density (5, 10, 15 mol%) of PSar on liposomal coatings and, furthermore, investigated the effects of PSar length and density on the blood circulation time, biodistribution, immune response, and ABC phenomenon induction. Length-controlled PSar-bound lipids (PSar-PEs) were synthesized using a click reaction and inserted into bare liposomes at different combinations of chain lengths and proportions. FINDINGS Although all PSar-coated liposomes (PSar-lipos) had similar morphological, physical, and chemical properties, they had different blood circulation times and biodistribution, and exerted varied effects on the immune system. All PSar-lipos with different PSar length and density showed a similar anti-PSar IgM response. Liposomes modified with the longest PSar chain (68 mers) at a high density (15 mol%) showed the longest blood circulation time and, additionally, attenuated ABC phenomenon compared with PEG-lipo. The ex vivo analysis of the biodistribution of liposomes revealed that a thick PSar layer enhanced the blood circulation time of liposomes due to the reduction of the accumulation of liposomes in the liver and spleen. These findings provide new insights into the relationship between IgM expression and ABC phenomenon inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Hu
- Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan,; Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Taguchi
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakouen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Matsumoto
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakouen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Eiry Kobatake
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan,; Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Motoki Ueda
- Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan,; Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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7
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Guo C, Yuan H, Wang Y, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Yin T, He H, Gou J, Tang X. The interplay between PEGylated nanoparticles and blood immune system. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115044. [PMID: 37541623 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
During the last two decades, an increasing number of reports have pointed out that the immunogenicity of polyethylene glycol (PEG) may trigger accelerated blood clearance (ABC) and hypersensitivity reaction (HSR) to PEGylated nanoparticles, which could make PEG modification counterproductive. These phenomena would be detrimental to the efficacy of the load and even life-threatening to patients. Consequently, further elucidation of the interplay between PEGylated nanoparticles and the blood immune system will be beneficial to developing and applying related formulations. Many groups have worked to unveil the relevance of structural factors, dosing schedule, and other factors to the ABC phenomenon and hypersensitivity reaction. Interestingly, the results of some reports seem to be difficult to interpret or contradict with other reports. In this review, we summarize the physiological mechanisms of PEG-specific immune response. Moreover, we speculate on the potential relationship between the induction phase and the effectuation phase to explain the divergent results in published reports. In addition, the role of nanoparticle-associated factors is discussed based on the classification of the action phase. This review may help researchers to develop PEGylated nanoparticles to avoid unfavorable immune responses based on the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Haoyang Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yuxiu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yupeng Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Tian Yin
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Haibing He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jingxin Gou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Xing Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, PR China.
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8
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Jeong M, Lee Y, Park J, Jung H, Lee H. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for in vivo RNA delivery and their breakthrough technology for future applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:114990. [PMID: 37423563 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
RNA therapeutics show a significant breakthrough for the treatment of otherwise incurable diseases and genetic disorders by regulating disease-related gene expression. The successful development of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines further emphasizes the potential of RNA therapeutics in the prevention of infectious diseases as well as in the treatment of chronic diseases. However, the efficient delivery of RNA into cells remains a challenge, and nanoparticle delivery systems such as lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are necessary to fully realize the potential of RNA therapeutics. While LNPs provide a highly efficient platform for the in vivo delivery of RNA by overcoming various biological barriers, several challenges remain to be resolved for further development and regulatory approval. These include a lack of targeted delivery to extrahepatic organs and a gradual loss of therapeutic potency with repeated doses. In this review, we highlight the fundamental aspects of LNPs and their uses in the development of novel RNA therapeutics. Recent advances in LNP-based therapeutics and preclinical/clinical studies are overviewed. Lastly, we discuss the current limitations of LNPs and introduce breakthrough technologies that might overcome these challenges in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Yeji Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Jeongeun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Hyein Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Hyukjin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea.
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9
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Ung T, Rutledge NS, Weiss AM, Esser-Kahn AP, Deak P. Cell-targeted vaccines: implications for adaptive immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1221008. [PMID: 37662903 PMCID: PMC10468591 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1221008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in immunology and chemistry have facilitated advancements in targeted vaccine technology. Targeting specific cell types, tissue locations, or receptors can allow for modulation of the adaptive immune response to vaccines. This review provides an overview of cellular targets of vaccines, suggests methods of targeting and downstream effects on immune responses, and summarizes general trends in the literature. Understanding the relationships between vaccine targets and subsequent adaptive immune responses is critical for effective vaccine design. This knowledge could facilitate design of more effective, disease-specialized vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Ung
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nakisha S. Rutledge
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Adam M. Weiss
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Aaron P. Esser-Kahn
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Peter Deak
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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10
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Sui D, Wang Y, Sun W, Wei L, Li C, Gui Y, Qi Z, Liu X, Song Y, Deng Y. Cleavable-Branched Polymer-Modified Liposomes Reduce Accelerated Blood Clearance and Enhance Photothermal Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37384837 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, cationic liposomes have been successfully used as delivery platforms for mRNA vaccines. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-lipid derivatives are widely used to enhance the stability and reduce the toxicity of cationic liposomes. However, these derivatives are often immunogenic, triggering the rise of anti-PEG antibodies. Understanding the role and impact of PEG-lipid derivatives on PEGylated cationic liposomes is key to solving the PEG dilemma. In this study, we designed linear, branched, and cleavable-branched cationic liposomes modified with PEG-lipid derivatives and investigated the effect of the liposome-induced accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon on photothermal therapy. Our study indicated that the linear PEG-lipid derivatives mediated the effect of photothermal therapy by stimulating splenic marginal zone (MZ) B cells to secrete anti-PEG antibodies and increasing the level of IgM expression in the follicular region of the spleen. However, the cleavable-branched and branched PEG-lipid derivatives did not activate the complement system and avoided the ABC phenomenon by inducing noticeably lower levels of anti-PEG antibodies. The cleavable-branched PEGylated cationic liposomes improved the effect of photothermal therapy by reversing the charge on the liposome surface. This detailed study of PEG-lipid derivatives contributes to the further development and clinical application of PEGylated cationic liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Sui
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wenliang Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lu Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Changzhi Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yangxu Gui
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhaowei Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xinrong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yanzhi Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yihui Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, Shenyang 110016, China
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11
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Gouveia MG, Wesseler JP, Ramaekers J, Weder C, Scholten PBV, Bruns N. Polymersome-based protein drug delivery - quo vadis? Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:728-778. [PMID: 36537575 PMCID: PMC9890519 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00106c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Protein-based therapeutics are an attractive alternative to established therapeutic approaches and represent one of the fastest growing families of drugs. While many of these proteins can be delivered using established formulations, the intrinsic sensitivity of proteins to denaturation sometimes calls for a protective carrier to allow administration. Historically, lipid-based self-assembled structures, notably liposomes, have performed this function. After the discovery of polymersome-based targeted drug-delivery systems, which offer manifold advantages over lipid-based structures, the scientific community expected that such systems would take the therapeutic world by storm. However, no polymersome formulations have been commercialised. In this review article, we discuss key obstacles for the sluggish translation of polymersome-based protein nanocarriers into approved pharmaceuticals, which include limitations imparted by the use of non-degradable polymers, the intricacies of polymersome production methods, and the complexity of the in vivo journey of polymersomes across various biological barriers. Considering this complex subject from a polymer chemist's point of view, we highlight key areas that are worthy to explore in order to advance polymersomes to a level at which clinical trials become worthwhile and translation into pharmaceutical and nanomedical applications is realistic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micael G Gouveia
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
| | - Justus P Wesseler
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
| | - Jobbe Ramaekers
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Philip B V Scholten
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Nico Bruns
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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12
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Hočevar S, Puddinu V, Haeni L, Petri-Fink A, Wagner J, Alvarez M, Clift MJD, Bourquin C. PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles Target Age-Associated B Cells In Vivo. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18119-18132. [PMID: 36301574 PMCID: PMC9706664 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Engineered gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have become a useful tool in various therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Uncertainty remains regarding the possible impact of GNPs on the immune system. In this regard, we investigated the interactions of polymer-coated GNPs with B cells and their functions in mice. Surprisingly, we observed that polymer-coated GNPs mainly interact with the recently identified subpopulation of B lymphocytes named age-associated B cells (ABCs). Importantly, we also showed that GNPs did not affect cell viability or the percentages of other B cell populations in different organs. Furthermore, GNPs did not activate B cell innate-like immune responses in any of the tested conditions, nor did they impair adaptive B cell responses in immunized mice. Together, these data provide an important contribution to the otherwise limited knowledge about GNP interference with B cell immune function, and demonstrate that GNPs represent a safe tool to target ABCs in vivo for potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Hočevar
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Viola Puddinu
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Laetitia Haeni
- BioNanomaterials,
Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of
Fribourg, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
| | - Alke Petri-Fink
- BioNanomaterials,
Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of
Fribourg, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
| | - Julia Wagner
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Montserrat Alvarez
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | | | - Carole Bourquin
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
- Department
of Anaesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
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13
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Bevers S, Kooijmans SAA, Van de Velde E, Evers MJW, Seghers S, Gitz-Francois JJJM, van Kronenburg NCH, Fens MHAM, Mastrobattista E, Hassler L, Sork H, Lehto T, Ahmed KE, El Andaloussi S, Fiedler K, Breckpot K, Maes M, Van Hoorick D, Bastogne T, Schiffelers RM, De Koker S. mRNA-LNP vaccines tuned for systemic immunization induce strong antitumor immunity by engaging splenic immune cells. Mol Ther 2022; 30:3078-3094. [PMID: 35821637 PMCID: PMC9273295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
mRNA vaccines have recently proven to be highly effective against SARS-CoV-2. Key to their success is the lipid-based nanoparticle (LNP), which enables efficient mRNA expression and endows the vaccine with adjuvant properties that drive potent antibody responses. Effective cancer vaccines require long-lived, qualitative CD8 T cell responses instead of antibody responses. Systemic vaccination appears to be the most effective route, but necessitates adaptation of LNP composition to deliver mRNA to antigen presenting cells. Using a design-of-experiments methodology, we tailored mRNA-LNP compositions to achieve high magnitude tumor-specific CD8 T cell responses within a single round of optimization. Optimized LNP compositions resulted in enhanced mRNA uptake by multiple splenic immune cell populations. Type I interferon and phagocytes were found essential for the T cell response. Surprisingly, we also discovered a yet unidentified role of B cells in stimulating the vaccine-elicited CD8 T cell response. Optimized LNPs displayed a similar, spleen-centered biodistribution profile in non-human primates and did not trigger histopathological changes in liver and spleen, warranting their further assessment in clinical studies. Taken together, our study clarifies the relationship between nanoparticle composition and their T cell stimulatory capacity and provides novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of effective mRNA-LNP based antitumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne Bevers
- eTheRNA Immunotherapies, 2845 Niel, Belgium; Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Free University of Brussels, 1090 Jette, Belgium
| | - Sander A A Kooijmans
- CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martijn J W Evers
- CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Nicky C H van Kronenburg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel H A M Fens
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Enrico Mastrobattista
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Helena Sork
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Taavi Lehto
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinksa Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Kariem E Ahmed
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinksa Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Samir El Andaloussi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinksa Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Karine Breckpot
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Free University of Brussels, 1090 Jette, Belgium
| | | | | | - Thierry Bastogne
- CYBERnano, 54000 Nancy, France; CRAN, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, INRIA BIGS, 54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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14
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Pandian SRK, Vijayakumar KK, Murugesan S, Kunjiappan S. Liposomes: An emerging carrier for targeting Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09575. [PMID: 35706935 PMCID: PMC9189891 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of the brain can be affected by various factors that include infection, tumor, and stroke. The major disorders reported with altered brain function are Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia, brain cancer, seizures, mental disorders, and other movement disorders. The major barrier in treating CNS disease is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which protects the brain from toxic molecules, and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier, which separates blood from CSF. Brain endothelial cells and perivascular elements provide an integrated cellular barrier, the BBB, which hamper the invasion of molecules from the blood to the brain. Even though many drugs are available to treat neurological disorders, it fails to reach the desired site with the required concentration. In this purview, liposomes can carry required concentrations of molecules intracellular by diverse routes such as carrier-mediated transport and receptor-mediated transcytosis. Surface modification of liposomes enables them to deliver drugs to various brain cells, including neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. The research studies supported the role of liposomes in delivering drugs across BBB and in reducing the pathogenesis of AD and PD. The liposomes were surface-functionalized with various molecules to reach the cells intricated with the AD or PD pathogenesis. The targeted and sustained delivery of drugs by liposomes is disturbed due to the antibody formation, renal clearance, accelerated blood clearance, and complement activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA). Hence, this review will focus on the characteristics, surface functionalization, drug loading, and biodistribution of liposomes respective to AD and PD. In addition, the alternative strategies to overcome immunogenicity are discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sureshbabu Ram Kumar Pandian
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamilnadu, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Kevin Kumar Vijayakumar
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sankaranarayanan Murugesan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Selvaraj Kunjiappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamilnadu, India
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15
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Shimizu T, Kawaguchi Y, Ando H, Ishima Y, Ishida T. Development of an Antigen Delivery System for a B Cell-Targeted Vaccine as an Alternative to Dendritic Cell-Targeted Vaccines. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:341-350. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Yoshino Kawaguchi
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Hidenori Ando
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Yu Ishima
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
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16
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Re-directing nanomedicines to the spleen: A potential technology for peripheral immunomodulation. J Control Release 2022; 350:60-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Estapé Senti M, de Jongh CA, Dijkxhoorn K, Verhoef JJF, Szebeni J, Storm G, Hack CE, Schiffelers RM, Fens MH, Boross P. Anti-PEG antibodies compromise the integrity of PEGylated lipid-based nanoparticles via complement. J Control Release 2021; 341:475-486. [PMID: 34890719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PEGylation of lipid-based nanoparticles and other nanocarriers is widely used to increase their stability and plasma half-life. However, either pre-existing or de novo formed anti-PEG antibodies can induce hypersensitivity reactions and accelerated blood clearance through binding to the nanoparticle surfaces, leading to activation of the complement system. In this study, we investigated the consequences and mechanisms of complement activation by anti-PEG antibodies interacting with different types of PEGylated lipid-based nanoparticles. By using both liposomes loaded with different (model) drugs and LNPs loaded with mRNA, we demonstrate that complement activation triggered by anti-PEG antibodies can compromise the bilayer/surface integrity, leading to premature drug release or exposure of their mRNA contents to serum proteins. Anti-PEG antibodies also can induce deposition of complement fragments onto the surface of PEGylated lipid-based nanoparticles and induce the release of fluid phase complement activation products. The role of the different complement pathways activated by lipid-based nanoparticles was studied using deficient sera and/or inhibitory antibodies. We identified a major role for the classical complement pathway in the early activation events leading to the activation of C3. Our data also confirm the essential role of amplification of C3 activation by alternative pathway components in the lysis of liposomes. Finally, the levels of pre-existing anti-PEG IgM antibodies in plasma of healthy donors correlated with the degree of complement activation (fixation and lysis) induced upon exposure to PEGylated liposomes and mRNA-LNPs. Taken together, anti-PEG antibodies trigger complement activation by PEGylated lipid-based nanoparticles, which can potentially compromise their integrity, leading to premature drug release or cargo exposure to serum proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Estapé Senti
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline A de Jongh
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kim Dijkxhoorn
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Johan J F Verhoef
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Janos Szebeni
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; SeroScience LCC, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Nanobiotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Health, Miskolc University, Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Gert Storm
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Nanomedicine Translational Programme, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - C Erik Hack
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Raymond M Schiffelers
- CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel H Fens
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Peter Boross
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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18
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Chen BM, Cheng TL, Roffler SR. Polyethylene Glycol Immunogenicity: Theoretical, Clinical, and Practical Aspects of Anti-Polyethylene Glycol Antibodies. ACS NANO 2021; 15:14022-14048. [PMID: 34469112 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a flexible, hydrophilic simple polymer that is physically attached to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, liposomes, and nanoparticles to reduce renal clearance, block antibody and protein binding sites, and enhance the half-life and efficacy of therapeutic molecules. Some naïve individuals have pre-existing antibodies that can bind to PEG, and some PEG-modified compounds induce additional antibodies against PEG, which can adversely impact drug efficacy and safety. Here we provide a framework to better understand PEG immunogenicity and how antibodies against PEG affect pegylated drug and nanoparticles. Analysis of published studies reveals rules for predicting accelerated blood clearance of pegylated medicine and therapeutic liposomes. Experimental studies of anti-PEG antibody binding to different forms, sizes, and immobilization states of PEG are also provided. The widespread use of SARS-CoV-2 RNA vaccines that incorporate PEG in lipid nanoparticles make understanding possible effects of anti-PEG antibodies on pegylated medicines even more critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Mae Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Steve R Roffler
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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19
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Bao J, Zhang Q, Duan T, Hu R, Tang J. The Fate of Nanoparticles In Vivo and the Strategy of Designing Stealth Nanoparticle for Drug Delivery. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:922-946. [PMID: 33461465 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210118105122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nano-drug delivery systems (Nano-DDS) offer powerful advantages in drug delivery and targeted therapy for diseases. Compared to the traditional drug formulations, Nano-DDS can increase solubility, biocompatibility, and reduce off-targeted side effects of free drugs. However, they still have some disadvantages that pose a limitation in reaching their full potential in clinical use. Protein adsorption in blood, activation of the complement system, and subsequent sequestration by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) consequently result in nanoparticles (NPs) to be rapidly cleared from circulation. Therefore, NPs have low drug delivery efficiency. So, it is important to develop stealth NPs for reducing bio-nano interaction. In this review, we first conclude the interaction between NPs and biological environments, such as blood proteins and MPS, and factors influencing each other. Next, we will summarize the new strategies to reduce NPs protein adsorption and uptake by the MPS based on current knowledge of the bio-nano interaction. Further directions will also be highlighted for the development of biomimetic stealth nano-delivery systems by combining targeted strategies for a better therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Bao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tijie Duan
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Rongfeng Hu
- key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui "115" Xin'an Medicine Research & Development Innovation Team, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Jihui Tang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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20
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Kumar R, Santa Chalarca CF, Bockman MR, Bruggen CV, Grimme CJ, Dalal RJ, Hanson MG, Hexum JK, Reineke TM. Polymeric Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11527-11652. [PMID: 33939409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The advent of genome editing has transformed the therapeutic landscape for several debilitating diseases, and the clinical outlook for gene therapeutics has never been more promising. The therapeutic potential of nucleic acids has been limited by a reliance on engineered viral vectors for delivery. Chemically defined polymers can remediate technological, regulatory, and clinical challenges associated with viral modes of gene delivery. Because of their scalability, versatility, and exquisite tunability, polymers are ideal biomaterial platforms for delivering nucleic acid payloads efficiently while minimizing immune response and cellular toxicity. While polymeric gene delivery has progressed significantly in the past four decades, clinical translation of polymeric vehicles faces several formidable challenges. The aim of our Account is to illustrate diverse concepts in designing polymeric vectors towards meeting therapeutic goals of in vivo and ex vivo gene therapy. Here, we highlight several classes of polymers employed in gene delivery and summarize the recent work on understanding the contributions of chemical and architectural design parameters. We touch upon characterization methods used to visualize and understand events transpiring at the interfaces between polymer, nucleic acids, and the physiological environment. We conclude that interdisciplinary approaches and methodologies motivated by fundamental questions are key to designing high-performing polymeric vehicles for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | | | - Matthew R Bockman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Craig Van Bruggen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christian J Grimme
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Rishad J Dalal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Mckenna G Hanson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Joseph K Hexum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Theresa M Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Emam SE, Elsadek NE, Abu Lila AS, Takata H, Kawaguchi Y, Shimizu T, Ando H, Ishima Y, Ishida T. Anti-PEG IgM production and accelerated blood clearance phenomenon after the administration of PEGylated exosomes in mice. J Control Release 2021; 334:327-334. [PMID: 33957196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there is an increasing interest in exosomes or extracellular vesicles as potential candidates for delivering RNAs, proteins, genes, and anticancer agents. Engineering of exosome properties is rapidly evolving as a means of expanding exosome applications. PEGylation of exosomes is a technique used to improve their in vivo stability, circulation half-lives, and sometimes to allow the binding targeting ligands to the exosome exterior. According to FDA guidelines for the development of PEGylated proteins, immunological responses to PEGylated molecules and particles should be examined. In this study, we prepared PEGylated exosomes and investigated the production of anti-PEG IgM antibodies after single i.v. injections in mice. In addition, we monitored blood concentrations and tumor accumulation of a second dose of PEGylated exosomes administered after the initial dose. Single injections of PEGylated exosomes in mice induced anti-PEG IgM production in a T cell-dependent manner. The anti-PEG IgM production decreased when the injection dose of PEGylated exosomes was further increased. Anti-PEG IgM induced by injection of PEGylated exosomes decreased blood concentrations of a second dose of PEGylated exosomes and suppressed their tumor accumulation in a C26 murine colorectal cancer model. Initial injection doses of either PEGylated liposomes or PEGylated ovalbumin (PEG-OVA), both of them induced anti-PEG IgM production, also decreased the blood concentration of PEGylated exosomes. Interestingly, anti-PEG IgM induced by injection of PEGylated exosomes did not affect the blood concentration of PEG-OVA. These results imply the importance of monitoring anti-PEG IgM when repeat PEGylated exosome doses are required and/or when PEGylated exosomes are used together with other PEGylated therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif E Emam
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Nehal E Elsadek
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Amr S Abu Lila
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Hail University, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haruka Takata
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshino Kawaguchi
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Taro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Hidenori Ando
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Yu Ishima
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
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Clinical Relevance of Pre-Existing and Treatment-Induced Anti-Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Antibodies. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 8:32-42. [PMID: 33786367 PMCID: PMC7993857 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-021-00198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is a nontoxic, hydrophilic polymer that is often covalently attached to proteins, drugs, tissues, or materials; a procedure commonly referred to as PEGylation. PEGylation improves solubility, circulation time, and reduces immunogenicity of therapeutic molecules. Currently, there are 21 PEGylated drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and more in the developmental stage. In addition to the polymer’s applications in the clinic, PEG is widely used as a solvent and emulsifying agent in the formulation of cosmetics, cleaning, and personal care products. Due to the ubiquitous presence of the polymer in everyday products, patients can develop antibodies against PEG (αPEG Abs) that can be problematic when a PEGylated drug is administered. These αPEG Abs can provoke hypersensitivity reactions, accelerated drug clearance, and decreased therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we review how the prevalence of PEG in everyday products has induced αPEG Abs within the general public as well as the effect of these Abs on the performance of PEGylated therapeutics. We will focus on clinical manifestations following the administration of PEGylated drugs. Lay Summary Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is a polymer found in products including cosmetics, personal care products, cleaning agents, medicine, and food. Due to the prevalence of PEG, people can develop antibodies (αPEG Abs) against the polymer, which recognize PEG as foreign. Of note, PEG is frequently incorporated into drug formulations to improve therapeutic efficacy. Complications can arise when a patient receiving a PEGylated drug has previously developed αPEG Abs from interactions with PEG in everyday products. The presence of high concentrations of αPEG Abs in blood can result in decreased treatment efficacy and allergic reactions to a wide range of therapeutics.
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A Novel 89Zr-labeled DDS Device Utilizing Human IgG Variant (scFv): "Lactosome" Nanoparticle-Based Theranostics for PET Imaging and Targeted Therapy. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020158. [PMID: 33670777 PMCID: PMC7923095 DOI: 10.3390/life11020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
“Theranostics,” a new concept of medical advances featuring a fusion of therapeutic and diagnostic systems, provides promising prospects in personalized medicine, especially cancer. The theranostics system comprises a novel 89Zr-labeled drug delivery system (DDS), derived from the novel biodegradable polymeric micelle, “Lactosome” nanoparticles conjugated with specific shortened IgG variant, and aims to successfully deliver therapeutically effective molecules, such as the apoptosis-inducing small interfering RNA (siRNA) intracellularly while offering simultaneous tumor visualization via PET imaging. A 27 kDa-human single chain variable fragment (scFv) of IgG to establish clinically applicable PET imaging and theranostics in cancer medicine was fabricated to target mesothelin (MSLN), a 40 kDa-differentiation-related cell surface glycoprotein antigen, which is frequently and highly expressed by malignant tumors. This system coupled with the cell penetrating peptide (CPP)-modified and photosensitizer (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis (4-aminophenyl) porphyrin (TPP))-loaded Lactosome particles for photochemical internalized (PCI) driven intracellular siRNA delivery and the combination of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers a promising nano-theranostic-based cancer therapy via its targeted apoptosis-inducing feature. This review focuses on the combined advances in nanotechnology and material sciences utilizing the “89Zr-labeled CPP and TPP-loaded Lactosome particles” and future directions based on important milestones and recent developments in this platform.
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Zhang Z, Chu Y, Li C, Tang W, Qian J, Wei X, Lu W, Ying T, Zhan C. Anti-PEG scFv corona ameliorates accelerated blood clearance phenomenon of PEGylated nanomedicines. J Control Release 2021; 330:493-501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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Grabowska J, Affandi AJ, van Dinther D, Nijen Twilhaar MK, Olesek K, Hoogterp L, Ambrosini M, Heijnen DAM, Klaase L, Hidalgo A, Asano K, Crocker PR, Storm G, van Kooyk Y, den Haan JMM. Liposome induction of CD8 + T cell responses depends on CD169 + macrophages and Batf3-dependent dendritic cells and is enhanced by GM3 inclusion. J Control Release 2021; 331:309-320. [PMID: 33493613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer vaccines aim to efficiently prime cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses which can be achieved by vaccine targeting to dendritic cells. CD169+ macrophages have been shown to transfer antigen to dendritic cells and could act as an alternative target for cancer vaccines. Here, we evaluated liposomes containing the CD169/Siglec-1 binding ligand, ganglioside GM3, and the non-binding ligand, ganglioside GM1, for their capacity to target antigens to CD169+ macrophages and to induce immune responses. CD169+ macrophages demonstrated specific uptake of GM3 liposomes in vitro and in vivo that was dependent on a functional CD169 receptor. Robust antigen-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T and B cell responses were observed upon intravenous administration of GM3 liposomes containing the model antigen ovalbumin in the presence of adjuvant. Immunization of B16-OVA tumor bearing mice with all liposomes resulted in delayed tumor growth and improved survival. The absence of CD169+ macrophages, functional CD169 molecules, and cross-presenting Batf3-dependent dendritic cells (cDC1s) significantly impaired CD8+ T cell responses, while B cell responses were less affected. In conclusion, we demonstrate that inclusion of GM3 in liposomes enhance immune responses and that splenic CD169+ macrophages and cDC1s are required for induction of CD8+ T cell immunity after liposomal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Grabowska
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A J Affandi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - D van Dinther
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M K Nijen Twilhaar
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - K Olesek
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L Hoogterp
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Ambrosini
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - D A M Heijnen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L Klaase
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Hidalgo
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - K Asano
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - P R Crocker
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - G Storm
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Biomaterials, Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Y van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J M M den Haan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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Lymphoid follicle antigen (Ag) delivery and enhanced rodent humoral immune responses mediated by Ag-containing PEGylated liposomes. Vaccine 2021; 39:1131-1139. [PMID: 33478792 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Antigen (Ag) delivery to lymphoid follicles is important in achieving adaptive immunity. We recently developed a novel two-step Ag delivery system that efficiently induces cellular immune responses to Ags in mice by using priming intravenous (i.v.) injections of empty PEGylated liposomes (PEG-Lip) followed 3 days later by Ag-entrapped PEG-Lip (Ag-PEG-lip). In this study, we looked for humoral immune responses in rats and mice with IgG production specific to the encapsulated Ags. We observed that initial i.v. injections of empty PEG-Lip triggered accumulation of subsequent doses ovalbumin-PEG-Lip (OVA-PEG-lip) in splenic follicles and enhanced IgG production against OVA in both rats and mice. Anti-OVA IgG production was diminished by inhibition of splenic follicular accumulation of OVA-PEG-Lip by fingolimod (FTY720), which inhibits lymphocyte egress from lymphoid tissues. Thisindicates that the follicular accumulation of Ags that we observed is an indispensable and unique step in the production of anti-OVA IgG. Interestingly, in BALB/c nude mice, which are T cell deficient, a high follicular accumulation of OVA-PEG-Lip was observed, but anti-OVA IgG production was not observed. This suggests that T cells are also indispensable for the induction of cellular immune responses by our two-step immunization procedure. Our unique Ag delivery platform, which efficiently delivers Ags to splenic follicles, may be a useful technique for the enhancement of cellular immunity, as well as humoral immunity. Further experimental evaluation should be undertaken in relevant animal models in order for efficacy, safety and immunological correlates to be determined.
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27
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Complement activation induced by PEG enhances humoral immune responses against antigens encapsulated in PEG-modified liposomes. J Control Release 2021; 329:1046-1053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Dobrovolskaia MA, Bathe M. Opportunities and challenges for the clinical translation of structured DNA assemblies as gene therapeutic delivery and vaccine vectors. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 13:e1657. [PMID: 32672007 PMCID: PMC7736207 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapeutics including siRNAs, anti-sense oligos, messenger RNAs, and CRISPR ribonucleoprotein complexes offer unmet potential to treat over 7,000 known genetic diseases, as well as cancer, through targeted in vivo modulation of aberrant gene expression and immune cell activation. Compared with viral vectors, nonviral delivery vectors offer controlled immunogenicity and low manufacturing cost, yet suffer from limitations in toxicity, targeting, and transduction efficiency. Structured DNA assemblies fabricated using the principle of scaffolded DNA origami offer a new nonviral delivery vector with intrinsic, yet controllable immunostimulatory properties and virus-like spatial presentation of ligands and immunogens for cell-specific targeting, activation, and control over intracellular trafficking, in addition to low manufacturing cost. However, the relative utilities and limitations of these vectors must clearly be demonstrated in preclinical studies for their clinical potential to be realized. Here, we review the major capabilities, opportunities, and challenges we foresee in translating these next-generation delivery and vaccine vectors to the clinic. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Nucleic Acid-Based Structures Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A. Dobrovolskaia
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology ProgramFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by National Cancer InstituteFrederickMaryland
| | - Mark Bathe
- Department of Biological EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
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29
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Elsadek NE, Emam SE, Abu Lila AS, Shimizu T, Ando H, Ishima Y, Ishida T. Pegfilgrastim (PEG-G-CSF) Induces Anti-polyethylene Glycol (PEG) IgM via a T Cell-Dependent Mechanism. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:1393-1397. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nehal E. Elsadek
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Sherif E. Emam
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University
| | - Amr S. Abu Lila
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Hail University
| | - Taro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Hidenori Ando
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Yu Ishima
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
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30
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Ryujin T, Shimizu T, Miyahara R, Asai D, Shimazui R, Yoshikawa T, Kishimura A, Mori T, Ishida T, Katayama Y. Blood retention and antigenicity of polycarboxybetaine-modified liposomes. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119521. [PMID: 32561308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Zwitterionic polycarboxybetaines (PCBs) have gained attention as alternative stealth polymers whose liposomal formulation and protein conjugates were reported not to elicit anti-polymer antibodies. Here, we studied the blood retention and antigenicity of liposomes modified with PCBs focusing on their chemical structures and doses. We compared PCBs with either 1 or 3 (PCB1 or PCB3) spacer carbons between the carboxylate and ammonium groups. PCB3-modified liposomes had a short blood retention, whereas PCB1-modified liposomes demonstrated extended blood retention that was somewhat superior to PEGylated liposome. This confirmed the excellent non-fouling nature of PCB1 reported previously. Interestingly, PCB1-liposome as well as PCB3-liposome elicited specific IgMs toward each PCB. The dose-dependent production of specific IgMs to PCB-liposomes was similar to that of PEGylated liposome, i.e., high doses of PCB-liposomes reduced the production of specific IgMs, termed immunological tolerance. These results indicate the importance of investigating the effect of dose to clarify the existence of antigenicity of stealth polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Ryujin
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Taro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Ryo Miyahara
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daisuke Asai
- Department of Microbiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan
| | - Rena Shimazui
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takuma Yoshikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kishimura
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; International Research Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Katayama
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; International Research Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Centre for Advanced Medicine Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd, Chung Li 32023, Taiwan, ROC.
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Abstract
Nanoparticles from natural and anthropogenic sources are abundant in the environment, thus human exposure to nanoparticles is inevitable. Due to this constant exposure, it is critically important to understand the potential acute and chronic adverse effects that nanoparticles may cause to humans. In this review, we explore and highlight the current state of nanotoxicology research with a focus on mechanistic understanding of nanoparticle toxicity at organ, tissue, cell, and biomolecular levels. We discuss nanotoxicity mechanisms, including generation of reactive oxygen species, nanoparticle disintegration, modulation of cell signaling pathways, protein corona formation, and poly(ethylene glycol)-mediated immunogenicity. We conclude with a perspective on potential approaches to advance current understanding of nanoparticle toxicity. Such improved understanding may lead to mitigation strategies that could enable safe application of nanoparticles in humans. Advances in nanotoxicity research will ultimately inform efforts to establish standardized regulatory frameworks with the goal of fully exploiting the potential of nanotechnology while minimizing harm to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA;
| | - Lin Wang
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA;
| | - Evan M Mettenbrink
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA;
| | - Paul L DeAngelis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA
| | - Stefan Wilhelm
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA; .,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Technology (IBEST), Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA.,Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA
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32
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PEG shedding-rate-dependent blood clearance of PEGylated lipid nanoparticles in mice: Faster PEG shedding attenuates anti-PEG IgM production. Int J Pharm 2020; 588:119792. [PMID: 32827675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PEGylation-modification with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-is useful for stabilizing lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). However, such PEGylation can prevent small interfering RNA (siRNA) encapsulated in LNPs from exerting its gene-silencing effects by disrupting the interaction of LNPs with target cells and by inducing the accelerated blood clearance phenomenon via anti-PEG IgM. PEG-lipids with short acyl chains can be used to address these issues because they are quickly shed from LNPs after administration; however, there are few reports on the relationships among PEG shedding rate, anti-PEG IgM production, and the gene-silencing activity of siRNA upon repeated LNP administration. Here, in mice, we found that LNPs conjugated to a fast-shedding PEG-lipid (short acyl chain) induced less anti-PEG IgM compared with LNPs conjugated to a slow-shedding PEG-lipid (long acyl chain). Moreover, pretreatment of mice with LNPs conjugated to the slow-shedding PEG-lipid caused loss of RNA interference activity after subsequent LNP administration because the payload siRNA was delivered primarily to Kupffer cells rather than to hepatocytes. Together, these findings imply that manipulating PEG shedding rate and anti-PEG antibody production is enormously important in the development of RNA interference-based therapeutics utilizing LNP technology.
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Ando H, Ishida T. An RNAi therapeutic, DFP-10825, for intraperitoneal and intrapleural malignant cancers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 154-155:27-36. [PMID: 32781056 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi), a potent post-transcriptional gene-silencing action, has received considerable attentions as a novel therapeutic tool to treat intractable cancers. In recent days, we have developed a novel RNAi-based therapeutic formulation, DFP-10825, for the treatment of intractable advanced cancers developed in coelomic cavities. DFP-10825 was composed of chemically synthesized short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against thymidylate synthase (TS), a key enzyme for cancer proliferation, and cationic liposomes, and achieved high therapeutic effect on the mouse models of peritoneally disseminated gastric and ovarian cancers and malignant pleural mesothelioma without severe side effects by intracoelomic direct treatment. We further designed a freeze-dried DFP-10825 formulation for mass industrial production. DFP-10825 is undergoing in pre-clinical phase and goes to clinical trials. This review introduces a DFP-10825 formulation, a potent novel RNAi-based therapeutic maximizing the benefit of RNAi molecule (shRNA).
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34
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Gabizon A, Szebeni J. Complement Activation: A Potential Threat on the Safety of Poly(ethylene glycol)-Coated Nanomedicines. ACS NANO 2020; 14:7682-7688. [PMID: 32643376 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In this issue of ACS Nano, Chen et al. provide in vitro and in vivo evidence for monoclonal anti-poly(ethylene glycol) (anti-PEG) antibody-triggered, complement terminal complex-mediated damage to PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin, entailing the release of the encapsulated drug from the vesicles. These results reveal a new dimension of the potential damage of anti-PEG antibody-mediated complement activation on PEGylated nanomedicines in addition to previous observations on infusion hypersensitivity reactions and the accelerated blood clearance effect. The possibility of a destructive attack of the complement system on the liposome drug carrier may have safety implications in patients displaying high levels of preformed anti-PEG antibodies. In this Perspective, we summarize the experimental and clinical data highlighting the relationships among the above adverse immune phenomena and the options available for reducing the risk of immune damage caused by PEGylated nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Gabizon
- Nano-oncology Research Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and The Hebrew University-Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel
- Lipomedix Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Jerusalem 9139102, Israel
| | - Janos Szebeni
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1089, Hungary
- Department of Nanobiotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Health, Miskolc University, Miskolc 3515, Hungary
- SeroScience Ltd., Budapest 1125, Hungary
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Hepatosplenic phagocytic cells indirectly contribute to anti-PEG IgM production in the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon against PEGylated liposomes: Appearance of an unexplained mechanism in the ABC phenomenon. J Control Release 2020; 323:102-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Concentration of Polymer Nanoparticles Through Dialysis: Efficacy and Comparison With Lyophilization for PEGylated and Zwitterionic Systems. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:2607-2614. [PMID: 32422318 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are attracting increasing attention as carriers for drug delivery. However, one of the main factors limiting their transition to the market is their premature degradation and release of the payload during the storage. Therefore, for increasing the formulation shelf-life, the removal of water is of paramount importance. In this work, we synthesized both polyethylene glycol (PEG)-stabilized and zwitterionic NPs via Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Polymerization. We demonstrated that lyophilization leads the PEGylated NPs to irreversible aggregation, while the stability of the zwitterionic NPs was preserved only using a cryoprotectant. Therefore, we developed an alternative method for the NP concentration, based on the dialysis against a concentrated PEG solution. This method was optimized in terms of concentration factor (Fc), the ratio between the final and initial NP concentration, by acting on the PEG concentration in the dialysis medium, on its volume and on the initial NP concentration. With this approach, Fc up to 40 can be achieved in less than 10 h, preserving the possibility of redispersing the NPs to their original particle size distribution. Therefore, the dialysis proposed herein is a valuable alternative to lyophilization for the concentration of polymer NPs preserving their stability.
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d'Avanzo N, Celia C, Barone A, Carafa M, Di Marzio L, Santos HA, Fresta M. Immunogenicity of Polyethylene Glycol Based Nanomedicines: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications and Systematic Approach. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola d'Avanzo
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia” Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa I‐88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Christian Celia
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Chieti‐Pescara “G. d'Annunzio” Via dei Vestini 31 I‐66100 Chieti Italy
| | - Antonella Barone
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia” Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa I‐88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Maria Carafa
- Department of Drug Chemistry and TechnologyUniversity of Rome “Sapienza” 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Luisa Di Marzio
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Chieti‐Pescara “G. d'Annunzio” Via dei Vestini 31 I‐66100 Chieti Italy
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy; and Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE)University of Helsinki FI‐00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Massimo Fresta
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia” Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa I‐88100 Catanzaro Italy
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Shimizu T, Ishima Y, Ishida T. [Induction of Anti-PEG Immune Responses by PEGylation of Proteins]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2020; 140:163-169. [PMID: 32009039 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.19-00187-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Modification of proteins with polyethylene glycol (PEG) (PEGylation) is a gold standard technique that improves the solubility, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of modified proteins. To date more than 10 PEGylated protein formulations have been approved, and more than 20 PEGylated drugs are entering clinical trials. PEG has been considered non-immunogenic and non-toxic, but several studies have shown that PEG acquires immunogenicity following attachment to nanoparticles. The administration of PEGylated liposomes, micelles and proteins induces the production of antibodies against PEG (anti-PEG antibodies) in animals and human subjects. Indeed, approximately 20% of healthy human subjects possess pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies prior to treatment with PEGylated therapeutics. The induced and pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies cause not only the elimination of PEGylated proteins from blood circulation, but also allergic responses via the release of anaphylatoxins. Consequently, therapeutic outcomes for PEGylated proteins are impaired. The utility of PEGylated proteins could be improved by attenuating the PEG-related immune response. On the other hand, anti-PEG immune responses might be exploited for vaccine applications. Our recent studies demonstrated that anti-PEG antibodies mediate the delivery of antigens encapsulated in PEGylated liposomes, and enhance antigen-specific immune responses. In this review, we summarize anti-PEG antibody induction by PEGylated proteins and alterations in anti-PEG IgM-mediated pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. These findings extend our knowledge of PEG-related immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Shimizu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Yu Ishima
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
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Kozma GT, Shimizu T, Ishida T, Szebeni J. Anti-PEG antibodies: Properties, formation, testing and role in adverse immune reactions to PEGylated nano-biopharmaceuticals. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 154-155:163-175. [PMID: 32745496 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Conjugation of polyethylene glycols (PEGs) to proteins or drug delivery nanosystems is a widely accepted method to increase the therapeutic index of complex nano-biopharmaceuticals. Nevertheless, these drugs and agents are often immunogenic, triggering the rise of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs). Among these ADAs, anti-PEG IgG and IgM were shown to account for efficacy loss due to accelerated blood clearance of the drug (ABC phenomenon) and hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) entailing severe allergic symptoms with occasionally fatal anaphylaxis. In addition to recapitulating the basic information on PEG and its applications, this review expands on the physicochemical factors influencing its immunogenicity, the prevalence, features, mechanism of formation and detection of anti-PEG IgG and IgM and the mechanisms by which these antibodies (Abs) induce ABC and HSRs. In particular, we highlight the in vitro, animal and human data attesting to anti-PEG Ab-induced complement (C) activation as common underlying cause of both adverse effects. A main message is that correct measurement of anti-PEG Abs and individual proneness for C activation might predict the rise of adverse immune reactions to PEGylated drugs and thereby increase their efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Tibor Kozma
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary; SeroScience Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Taro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Janos Szebeni
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary; SeroScience Ltd, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Nanobiotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Health, Miskolc University, Miskolc, Hungary.
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Kozma GT, Mészáros T, Vashegyi I, Fülöp T, Örfi E, Dézsi L, Rosivall L, Bavli Y, Urbanics R, Mollnes TE, Barenholz Y, Szebeni J. Pseudo-anaphylaxis to Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Coated Liposomes: Roles of Anti-PEG IgM and Complement Activation in a Porcine Model of Human Infusion Reactions. ACS NANO 2019; 13:9315-9324. [PMID: 31348638 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated nanopharmaceuticals can cause mild to severe hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), which can occasionally be life threatening or even lethal. The phenomenon represents an unsolved immune barrier to the use of these drugs, yet its mechanism is poorly understood. This study showed that a single i.v. injection in pigs of a low dose of PEGylated liposomes (Doxebo) induced a massive rise of anti-PEG IgM in blood, peaking at days 7-9 and declining over 6 weeks. Bolus injections of PEG-liposomes during seroconversion resulted in anaphylactoid shock (pseudo-anaphylaxis) within 2-3 min, although similar treatments of naı̈ve animals led to only mild hemodynamic disturbance. Parallel measurement of pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and sC5b-9 in blood, taken as measures of HSR and complement activation, respectively, showed a concordant rise of the two variables within 3 min and a decline within 15 min, suggesting a causal relationship between complement activation and pulmonary hypertension. We also observed a rapid decline of anti-PEG IgM in the blood within minutes, increased binding of PEGylated liposomes to IgM+ B cells in the spleen of immunized animals compared to control, and increased C3 conversion by PEGylated liposomes in the serum of immunized pigs. These observations taken together suggest rapid binding of anti-PEG IgM to PEGylated liposomes, leading to complement activation via the classical pathway, entailing anaphylactoid shock and accelerated blood clearance of liposome-IgM complexes. These data suggest that complement activation plays a causal role in severe HSRs to PEGylated nanomedicines and that pigs can be used as a hazard identification model to assess the risk of HSRs in preclinical safety studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Tibor Kozma
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center , Semmelweis University , Budapest 1089 , Hungary
- SeroScience Ltd. , Budapest 1125, Hungary, and Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
| | - Tamás Mészáros
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center , Semmelweis University , Budapest 1089 , Hungary
| | - Ildikó Vashegyi
- SeroScience Ltd. , Budapest 1125, Hungary, and Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
| | - Tamás Fülöp
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center , Semmelweis University , Budapest 1089 , Hungary
| | - Erik Örfi
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center , Semmelweis University , Budapest 1089 , Hungary
| | - László Dézsi
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center , Semmelweis University , Budapest 1089 , Hungary
| | - László Rosivall
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center , Semmelweis University , Budapest 1089 , Hungary
- SeroScience Ltd. , Budapest 1125, Hungary, and Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
- Department of Pathophysiology, International Nephrology Research and Training Center , Semmelweis University , Budapest 1089 , Hungary
| | - Yaelle Bavli
- Laboratory of Membrane and Liposome Research, IMRIC , Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School , Jerusalem 9112102 , Israel
| | - Rudolf Urbanics
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center , Semmelweis University , Budapest 1089 , Hungary
- SeroScience Ltd. , Budapest 1125, Hungary, and Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
| | - Tom Eirik Mollnes
- Department of Immunology , Oslo University Hospital , Rikshospitalet , Oslo 0372 , Norway
- Research Laboratory, Nordland Hospital Bodø, and Faculty of Health Sciences and TREC , University of Tromsø , Tromsø 9019 , Norway
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim 7012 , Norway
| | - Yechezkel Barenholz
- Laboratory of Membrane and Liposome Research, IMRIC , Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School , Jerusalem 9112102 , Israel
| | - János Szebeni
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center , Semmelweis University , Budapest 1089 , Hungary
- SeroScience Ltd. , Budapest 1125, Hungary, and Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
- Department of Nanobiotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Health , Miskolc University , Miskolc 3515 , Hungary
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Liposome and immune system interplay: Challenges and potentials. J Control Release 2019; 305:194-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Shiraishi K, Yokoyama M. Toxicity and immunogenicity concerns related to PEGylated-micelle carrier systems: a review. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2019; 20:324-336. [PMID: 31068982 PMCID: PMC6493319 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2019.1590126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric-micelle carrier systems have emerged as a novel drug-carrier system and have been actively studied for anticancer drug targeting. In contrast, toxicological and immunological concerns related to not only polymeric-micelle carrier systems, but also other nanocarrier systems, have received little attention owing to researchers' focus on therapeutic effects. However, in recent clinical contexts, biopharmaceuticals' effects on immune responses have come to light, requiring that researchers substantively explore the potential negative side effects of nanocarrier systems and of therapeutic proteins in order to develop nanocarrier systems suitable for clinical use. The present review describes current insights into both toxicological and immunological issues regarding polymeric-micelle carrier systems. The review focuses on immunogenicity issues of polymeric-micelle carrier systems possessing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). We conclude that PEG-related immunogenicity is deeply related to characteristics of a counterpart block of PEG-conjugates, and we propose future directions for addressing this unresolved issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouichi Shiraishi
- Division of Medical Engineering, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yokoyama
- Division of Medical Engineering, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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Mohammadpour R, Dobrovolskaia MA, Cheney DL, Greish KF, Ghandehari H. Subchronic and chronic toxicity evaluation of inorganic nanoparticles for delivery applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 144:112-132. [PMID: 31295521 PMCID: PMC6745262 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic nanoparticles provide the opportunity to localize bioactive agents to the target sites and protect them from degradation. In many cases, acute toxicities of inorganic nanoparticles used for delivery applications have been investigated. However, little information is available regarding the long-term toxicity of such materials. This review focuses on the importance of subchronic and chronic toxicity assessment of inorganic nanoparticles investigated for delivery applications. We have attempted to provide a comprehensive review of the available literature for chronic toxicity assessment of inorganic nanoparticles. Where possible correlations are made between particle composition, physiochemical properties, duration, frequency and route of administration, as well as the sex of animals, with tissue and blood toxicity, immunotoxicity and genotoxicity. A critical gap analysis is provided and important factors that need to be considered for long-term toxicology of inorganic nanoparticles are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziye Mohammadpour
- Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Marina A Dobrovolskaia
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Darwin L Cheney
- Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Khaled F Greish
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain; Nanomedicine Research Unit, Princess Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Disorders, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain
| | - Hamidreza Ghandehari
- Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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Wang F, Wu Y, Zhang J, Wang H, Xie X, Ye X, Peng D, Chen W. Induction of Cytochrome P450 Involved in the Accelerated Blood Clearance Phenomenon Induced by PEGylated Liposomes In Vivo. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 47:364-376. [PMID: 30674617 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.085340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is recognized as an attractive excipient to modify liposomes due to its extended-circulation properties. Nevertheless, intravenous injection of polyethylene glycol-coated liposomes (PEG-L) usually triggers a rapid systemic clearance of the subsequent dose from blood circulation, which is referred to as an accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon. Therefore, since the induction of cytochrome P450 (P450) activity may lead to enhanced drug clearance, it motivated us to investigate the possibility of P450 involvement in the ABC phenomenon. In this study, polyethylene glycol-coated liposomal docetaxel was prepared and used to evaluate the magnitude of the ABC phenomenon in rats induced by repeated injection of PEG-modified liposomes. Notably, the ABC phenomenon was observed when the time interval between two doses was from 1 to 7 days, and its magnitude reached the maximum level at 3 days before gradually decreasing the time. Meanwhile, increased activity of CYP3A1, CYP2C6, and CYP1A2 was detected when PEG-L was repeatedly injected in male rats at a 3-day interval. Consistently, the expression levels of hepatic CYP3A1, CYP2C6, and CYP1A2 were also significantly increased in the repeated injection groups and their levels were highest in the 3-day interval group. P450 selective inhibitors confirmed the inhibition of hepatic CYP3A1 was accompanied by an attenuated magnitude of the ABC phenomenon, which strongly suggests that P450s may be induced by repeated injection of PEG-L, thus favoring metabolic clearance of the second dose. Collectively, herein, for the first time we demonstrate that the contribution of P450s should not be ignored in the ABC phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengling Wang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., Y.W., H.W., X.X., X.Y., D.P., W.C.); Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., X.Y.); and Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (J.Z.)
| | - Yifan Wu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., Y.W., H.W., X.X., X.Y., D.P., W.C.); Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., X.Y.); and Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (J.Z.)
| | - Jiwen Zhang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., Y.W., H.W., X.X., X.Y., D.P., W.C.); Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., X.Y.); and Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (J.Z.)
| | - Huihui Wang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., Y.W., H.W., X.X., X.Y., D.P., W.C.); Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., X.Y.); and Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (J.Z.)
| | - Xiaoting Xie
- Institute of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., Y.W., H.W., X.X., X.Y., D.P., W.C.); Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., X.Y.); and Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (J.Z.)
| | - Xi Ye
- Institute of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., Y.W., H.W., X.X., X.Y., D.P., W.C.); Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., X.Y.); and Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (J.Z.)
| | - Daiyin Peng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., Y.W., H.W., X.X., X.Y., D.P., W.C.); Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., X.Y.); and Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (J.Z.)
| | - Weidong Chen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., Y.W., H.W., X.X., X.Y., D.P., W.C.); Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China (F.W., X.Y.); and Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (J.Z.)
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Guan J, Jiang Z, Wang M, Liu Y, Liu J, Yang Y, Ding T, Lu W, Gao C, Qian J, Zhan C. Short Peptide-Mediated Brain-Targeted Drug Delivery with Enhanced Immunocompatibility. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:907-913. [PMID: 30666875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Peptide ligands have been exploited as versatile tools to facilitate targeted delivery of nanocarriers. However, the effects of peptide ligands on immunocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy of liposomes remain intricate. Here, a short and stable brain targeted peptide ligand D8 was modified on the surface of doxorubicin-loaded liposomes (D8-sLip/DOX), demonstrating prolonged blood circulation and lower liver distribution in comparison to the long and stable D-peptide ligand DCDX-modified doxorubicin-loaded liposomes (DCDX-sLip/DOX) by mitigating natural IgM absorption. Despite the improved pharmacokinetic profiles, D8-sLip/DOX exhibited comparable brain targeting capacity in ICR mice and antiglioblastoma efficacy to DCDX-sLip/DOX in nude mice bearing intracranial glioblastoma. However, dramatic accumulation of DCDX-sLip/DOX in liver (especially during the first 8 h after intravenous injection) resulted in pathological symptoms, including nuclei swelling, necrosis of liver cells, and inflammation. These results suggest that short peptide ligand-mediated brain-targeted drug delivery systems possessing enhanced immunocompatibility are promising to facilitate efficient brain transport with improved biosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , P.R. China
| | - Zhuxuan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , P.R. China
| | - Mengke Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , P.R. China
| | - Jican Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch , Fudan University , Shanghai 201700 , P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , P.R. China
| | - Tianhao Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , P.R. China
| | - Weiyue Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , P.R. China
| | - Chunli Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye and ENT Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , P.R. China
| | - Jun Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , P.R. China
| | - Changyou Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , P.R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , P.R. China
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Mohamed M, Abu Lila AS, Shimizu T, Alaaeldin E, Hussein A, Sarhan HA, Szebeni J, Ishida T. PEGylated liposomes: immunological responses. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2019; 20:710-724. [PMID: 31275462 PMCID: PMC6598536 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2019.1627174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A commonly held view is that nanocarriers conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG) are non-immunogenic. However, many studies have reported that unexpected immune responses have occurred against PEG-conjugated nanocarriers. One unanticipated response is the rapid clearance of PEGylated nanocarriers upon repeat administration, called the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon. ABC involves the production of antibodies toward nanocarrier components, including PEG, which reduces the safety and effectiveness of encapsulated therapeutic agents. Another immune response is the hypersensitivity or infusion reaction referred to as complement (C) activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA). Such immunogenicity and adverse reactivities of PEGylated nanocarriers may be of potential concern for the clinical use of PEGylated therapeutics. Accordingly, screening of the immunogenicity and CARPA reactogenicity of nanocarrier-based therapeutics should be a prerequisite before they can proceed into clinical studies. This review presents PEGylated liposomes, immunogenicity of PEG, the ABC phenomenon, C activation and lipid-induced CARPA from a toxicological point of view, and also addresses the factors that influence these adverse interactions with the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Amr S. Abu Lila
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Hail University, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Eman Alaaeldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Amal Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | | | - Janos Szebeni
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Institute of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- SeroScience LCC., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
- CONTACT Tatsuhiro Ishida Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima770-8505, Japan
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Abstract
For the systemic application of nucleic acids [plasmid DNA (pDNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA)], safe and efficient carriers that overcome the poor pharmacokinetic properties of nucleic acids are required. A cationic liposome that can formulate lipoplexes with nucleic acids has significant promise as an efficient delivery system in gene therapy. To achieve in vivo stability and long circulation, most lipoplexes are modified with PEG (PEGylation). However, we reported that PEGylated liposomes lose their long-circulating properties when they are injected repeatedly at certain intervals in the same animal. This unexpected and undesirable phenomenon is referred to as the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon. Anti-PEG IgM produced in response to the first dose of PEGylated liposomes has proven to be a major cause of the ABC phenomenon. Therefore, in a repeated dosing schedule, the detection of anti-PEG IgM in an animal treated with PEGylated lipoplex could be essential to predict the occurrence of the ABC phenomenon. This chapter introduces a method for the evaluation of serum anti-PEG IgM by a simple ELISA procedure, and describes some precautions associated with this method.
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A Promising Biocompatible Platform: Lipid-Based and Bio-Inspired Smart Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123859. [PMID: 30518027 PMCID: PMC6321581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Designing new drug delivery systems (DDSs) for safer cancer therapy during pre-clinical and clinical applications still constitutes a considerable challenge, despite advances made in related fields. Lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDSs) have emerged as biocompatible candidates that overcome many biological obstacles. In particular, a combination of the merits of lipid carriers and functional polymers has maximized drug delivery efficiency. Functionalization of LBDDSs enables the accumulation of anti-cancer drugs at target destinations, which means they are more effective at controlled drug release in tumor microenvironments (TMEs). This review highlights the various types of ligands used to achieve tumor-specific delivery and discusses the strategies used to achieve the effective release of drugs in TMEs and not into healthy tissues. Moreover, innovative recent designs of LBDDSs are also described. These smart systems offer great potential for more advanced cancer therapies that address the challenges posed in this research area.
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Shimizu T, Abu Lila AS, Kawaguchi Y, Shimazaki Y, Watanabe Y, Mima Y, Hashimoto Y, Okuhira K, Storm G, Ishima Y, Ishida T. A Novel Platform for Cancer Vaccines: Antigen-Selective Delivery to Splenic Marginal Zone B Cells via Repeated Injections of PEGylated Liposomes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:2969-2976. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Anti-polyethylene glycol antibodies alter the protein corona deposited on nanoparticles and the physiological pathways regulating their fate in vivo. J Control Release 2018; 287:121-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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