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Zareinejad M, Mehdipour F, Roshan-Zamir M, Faghih Z, Ghaderi A. Dual Functions of T Lymphocytes in Breast Carcinoma: From Immune Protection to Orchestrating Tumor Progression and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4771. [PMID: 37835465 PMCID: PMC10571747 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer type in women and the second leading cause of death. Despite recent advances, the mortality rate of BC is still high, highlighting a need to develop new treatment strategies including the modulation of the immune system and immunotherapies. In this regard, understanding the complex function of the involved immune cells and their crosstalk with tumor cells is of great importance. T-cells are recognized as the most important cells in the tumor microenvironment and are divided into several subtypes including helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T-cells according to their transcription factors, markers, and functions. This article attempts to provide a comprehensive review of the role of T-cell subsets in the prognosis and treatment of patients with BC, and crosstalk between tumor cells and T-cells. The literature overwhelmingly contains controversial findings mainly due to the plasticity of T-cell subsets within the inflammatory conditions and the use of different panels for their phenotyping. However, investigating the role of T-cells in BC immunity depends on a variety of factors including tumor types or subtypes, the stage of the disease, the localization of the cells in the tumor tissue and the presence of different cells or cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zahra Faghih
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-45505, Iran; (M.Z.); (F.M.); (M.R.-Z.)
| | - Abbas Ghaderi
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-45505, Iran; (M.Z.); (F.M.); (M.R.-Z.)
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2
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Li X, Zhou X, Liu J, Zhang J, Feng Y, Wang F, He Y, Wan A, Filipczak N, Yalamarty SSK, Jin Y, Torchilin VP. Liposomal Co-delivery of PD-L1 siRNA/Anemoside B4 for Enhanced Combinational Immunotherapeutic Effect. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:28439-28454. [PMID: 35726706 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Combination therapy has gained a lot of attention thanks to its superior activity against cancer. In the present study, we report a cRGD-targeted liposomal preparation for co-delivery of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) small interfering RNA (siRNA) and anemoside B4 (AB4)─AB4/siP-c-L─and evaluate its anticancer efficiency in mouse models of LLC and 4T1 tumors. AB4/siP-c-L showed a particle size of (180.7 ± 7.3) nm and a ζ-potential of (32.8 ± 1.5) mV, with high drug encapsulation, pH-sensitive release properties, and good stability in serum. AB4/siP-c-L demonstrated prolonged blood circulation and increased tumor accumulation. Elevated cellular uptake was dependent on the targeting ligand cRGD. This combination induced significant tumor inhibition in LLC xenograft tumor-bearing mice by downregulating PD-L1 protein expression and modulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Liposomes favored the antitumor T-cell response with long-term memory, without obvious toxicity. A similar tumor growth inhibition was also demonstrated in the 4T1 tumor model. In summary, our results indicate that cRGD-modified and AB4- and PD-L1 siRNA-coloaded liposomes have potential as an antitumor preparation, and this approach may lay a foundation for the development of a new targeted drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Xiong Zhou
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jun Liu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Fang Wang
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yao He
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Anping Wan
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Nina Filipczak
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Satya Siva Kishan Yalamarty
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yi Jin
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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3
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Reduced Interleukin-17-Expressing Cells in Cutaneous Melanoma. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121930. [PMID: 34944746 PMCID: PMC8698827 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterization of tumor associated lymphocytes (TILs) in tumor lesions is important to obtain a clear definition of their prognostic value and address novel therapeutic opportunities. In this work, we examined the presence of T helper (Th)17 lymphocytes in cutaneous melanoma. We performed an immunohistochemical analysis of a small cohort of primary melanomas, retrospectively selected. Thereafter, we isolated TILs from seven freshly surgically removed melanomas and from three basal cell carcinomas (BCC), as a comparison with a non-melanoma skin cancer known to retain a high amount of Th17 cells. In both studies, we found that, differently from BCC, melanoma samples showed a lower percentage of Th17 lymphocytes. Additionally, TIL clones could not be induced to differentiate towards the Th17 phenotype in vitro. The presence or absence of Th17 cells did not correlate with any patient characteristics. We only observed a lower amount of Th17 cells in samples from woman donors. We found a tendency towards an association between expression by melanoma cells of placenta growth factor, angiogenic factors able to induce Th17 differentiation, and presence of Th17 lymphocytes. Taken together, our data indicate the necessity of a deeper analysis of Th17 lymphocytes in cutaneous melanoma before correlating them with prognosis or proposing Th17-cell based therapeutic approaches.
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4
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Fattahi S, Karimi M, Ghatreh-Samani M, Taheri F, Shirzad H, Mohammad Alibeigi F, Anjomshoa M, Bagheri N. Correlation between aryl hydrocarbon receptor and IL-17 + and Foxp3 + T-cell infiltration in bladder cancer. Int J Exp Pathol 2021; 102:249-259. [PMID: 34762773 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent cancers around the world and, if not treated well, has high morbidity and mortality. Many studies have indicated that there may be various roles for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in the immune system. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) and T helper 17 cells (Th17) in BC tissue in comparison with controls and determine the relationship between AHR, Foxp3+ Treg and Th17 cells in BC. A total of 40 patients with BC were enrolled in this study. The control group was selected from non-tumoural parts of bladder tissues from the patients who have undergone cystoscopy. The percentage of regulatory T cells (Foxp3+ /CD4+ ) and Th17 (IL-17+ /CD4+ ), as well as AHR+ cells in BC tissues and controls, were determined by immunohistochemistry. The results of this study showed that the number of Foxp3+ Treg and Th17 is significantly higher in bladder tumour tissues in comparison with non-tumoural tissues. Also, the percentage of AHR+ lymphocytes and AHR+ cells was increased significantly in bladder tumour tissues rather than non-tumoural tissues. This study also found a relation between AHR and Foxp3+ /CD4+ T lymphocytes ratio cells in BC. The percentage of Foxp3+ Tregs and AHR+ cells were significantly correlated with the grade and stage of BC. An increase in the percentage of Foxp3+ Treg and Th17 cells may play an important role in tumour immunity; and determining the relationship between AHR and differentiation of Th17/Foxp3+ Treg in BC can lead to a potential cancer therapeutic possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Fattahi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Monireh Karimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ghatreh-Samani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Taheri
- Department of Pathology, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hedayatollah Shirzad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Anjomshoa
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nader Bagheri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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5
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Amens JN, Bahçecioglu G, Zorlutuna P. Immune System Effects on Breast Cancer. Cell Mol Bioeng 2021; 14:279-292. [PMID: 34295441 PMCID: PMC8280260 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-021-00679-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women, with the ability to metastasize to secondary organs, which is the main cause of cancer-related deaths. Understanding how breast tumors progress is essential for developing better treatment strategies against breast cancer. Until recently, it has been considered that breast cancer elicits a small immune response. However, it is now clear that breast tumor progression is either prevented by the action of antitumor immunity or exacerbated by proinflammatory cytokines released mainly by the immune cells. In this comprehensive review we first explain antitumor immunity, then continue with how the tumor suppresses and evades the immune response, and next, outline the role of inflammation in breast tumor initiation and progression. We finally review the current immunotherapeutic and immunoengineering strategies against breast cancer as a promising emerging approach for the discovery and design of immune system-based strategies for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jensen N. Amens
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - Gökhan Bahçecioglu
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - Pinar Zorlutuna
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
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6
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Du B, Zhou Y, Yi X, Zhao T, Tang C, Shen T, Zhou K, Wei H, Xu S, Dong J, Qu L, He H, Zhou W. Identification of Immune-Related Cells and Genes in Tumor Microenvironment of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1770. [PMID: 33014871 PMCID: PMC7493752 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common tumors in the urinary system. Progression in immunotherapy has provided novel options for the ccRCC treatment. However, the understanding of the ccRCC microenvironment and the potential therapeutic targets in the microenvironment is still unclear. Here, we analyzed the gene expression profile of ccRCC tumors from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and calculated the abundance ratios of immune cells for each sample. Then, seven types of immune cells were found to be correlated to overall survival, and 3863 immune-related genes were identified by analyzing differentially expressed genes. We also found that the function of immune-related genes was mainly focused on ligand-receptor binding and signaling pathway transductions. Additionally, we identified 13 hub genes by analyzing the protein-protein interaction network, and seven of them are related to overall survival. Our study not only expands the understanding of fundamental biological features of microenvironment but also provides potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Du
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulin Zhou
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoming Yi
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tangliang Zhao
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaopeng Tang
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyi Shen
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huixian Wei
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Xu
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Le Qu
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haowei He
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenquan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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7
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Rébé C, Ghiringhelli F. STAT3, a Master Regulator of Anti-Tumor Immune Response. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1280. [PMID: 31480382 PMCID: PMC6770459 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells in the tumor microenvironment regulate cancer growth. Thus cancer progression is dependent on the activation or repression of transcription programs involved in the proliferation/activation of lymphoid and myeloid cells. One of the main transcription factors involved in many of these pathways is the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). In this review we will focus on the role of STAT3 and its regulation, e.g. by phosphorylation or acetylation in immune cells and how it might impact immune cell function and tumor progression. Moreover, we will review the ability of STAT3 to regulate checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Rébé
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Centre Georges François Leclerc, INSERM LNC UMR1231,University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France.
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Centre Georges François Leclerc, INSERM LNC UMR1231,University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France.
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8
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Interleukin-17 expression in the serum and exfoliated cervical cells of patients infected with high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus. Cytokine 2019; 120:92-98. [PMID: 31054481 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Persistent infection by high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer and its precursor lesions, and both the systemic and local immunological responses play an important role in eliminating or maintenance this infection. Th17 cells, as well as interleukin (IL)-17, are related to tumor growth and persistence of viral infection. Thus, this study aimed to quantify IL-17 in the serum and exfoliated cervical cells of HR-HPV-infected patients and healthy patients as well as identify CD4+IL17+ cells and IL-17 production in uterine cervix biopsies to better understand the behavior of this cytokine in HPV infections. IL-17 was quantified (pg/mL) in the serum and exfoliated cervical cells of 26 HR-HPV-infected patients, and in 18 healthy patients, using flow cytometry. Fifteen paraffin-embedded biopsy samples from the uterine cervix were subjected to immunohistochemistry to detect CD4+IL-17+ and IL-17+ cells. There was a significant increase in the concentration of IL-17 in HR-HPV-positive patients' serum when compared to that in samples of exfoliated cervical cells (p < 0.05). Likewise, when compared with that in healthy patients, the IL-17 concentration was still higher in HR-HPV-positive patients sera (p < 0.05). We did not find differences in the amount of CD4+IL-17+ cells and other IL-17-secreting cells between different histopathological lesions. Our results suggest that HR-HPV infection predominantly stimulates systemic IL-17 production along with less localized expression.
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9
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Huang Y, Wang J, Jia P, Li X, Pei G, Wang C, Fang X, Zhao Z, Cai Z, Yi X, Wu S, Zhang B. Clonal architectures predict clinical outcome in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1245. [PMID: 30886153 PMCID: PMC6423009 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09241-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic landscape of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) had been investigated extensively but its evolution patterns remained unclear. Here we analyze the clonal architectures of 473 patients from three different populations. We find that the mutational signatures vary substantially across different populations and evolution stages. The evolution patterns of ccRCC have great inter-patient heterogeneities, with del(3p) being regarded as the common earliest event followed by three early departure points: VHL and PBRM1 mutations, del(14q) and other somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) including amp(7), del(1p) and del(6q). We identify three prognostic subtypes of ccRCC with distinct clonal architectures and immune infiltrates: long-lived patients, enriched with VHL but depleted of BAP1 mutations, have high levels of Th17 and CD8+ T cells while short-lived patients with high burden of SCNAs have high levels of Tregs and Th2 cells, highlighting the importance of evaluating evolution patterns in the clinical management of ccRCC. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a urogenital cancer with a well-defined genetic landscape. Here, the authors analyse the clonal architecture of ccRCC patients from three populations, and find prognostic subtypes linked to immune infiltrates and clonal architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China.,Geneplus-Beijing, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Peilin Jia
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiangchun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Guangsheng Pei
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Xiaodong Fang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhiming Cai
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Geneplus-Beijing, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Song Wu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, China
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10
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Mazumder S, Johnson JM, Swank V, Dvorina N, Martelli E, Ko J, Tuohy VK. Primary Immunoprevention of Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma by Vaccination against the Extracellular Domain of Anti-Müllerian Hormone Receptor II. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2018; 10:612-624. [PMID: 29093011 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-17-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is the most prevalent form of ovarian cancer in the United States, representing approximately 85% of all cases and causing more deaths than any other gynecologic malignancy. We propose that optimized control of EOC requires the incorporation of a vaccine capable of inducing safe and effective preemptive immunity in cancer-free women. In addition, we hypothesize that ovarian-specific self-proteins that are "retired" from autoimmune-inducing expression levels as ovaries age but are expressed at high levels in emerging EOC may serve as vaccine targets for mediating safe and effective primary immunoprevention. Here, we show that expression of the extracellular domain of anti-Müllerian hormone receptor II (AMHR2-ED) in normal tissues is confined exclusively to the human ovary, drops to nonautoimmune inducing levels in postmenopausal ovaries, and is at high levels in approximately 90% of human EOC. We found that AMHR2-ED vaccination significantly inhibits growth of murine EOC and enhances overall survival without inducing oophoritis in aged female mice. The observed inhibition of EOC growth was mediated substantially by induction of AMHR2-ED-specific IgG antibodies that agonize receptor signaling of a Bax/caspase-3-dependent proapoptotic cascade. Our results indicate that AMHR2-ED vaccination may be particularly useful in providing safe and effective preemptive immunity against EOC in women at high genetic or familial risk who have the greatest need for a preventive vaccine and ultimately in cancer-free postmenopausal women who account for 75% of all EOC cases. Cancer Prev Res; 10(11); 612-24. ©2017 AACRSee related editorial by Shoemaker et al., p. 607.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suparna Mazumder
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Justin M Johnson
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Biology, Geology and Environment Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Valerie Swank
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Nina Dvorina
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Elizabeth Martelli
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jennifer Ko
- Cleveland Clinic Central Biorepository, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Vincent K Tuohy
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Biology, Geology and Environment Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
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11
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Wenbo L, Wang J. Uncovering the underlying mechanism of cancer tumorigenesis and development under an immune microenvironment from global quantification of the landscape. J R Soc Interface 2018; 14:rsif.2017.0105. [PMID: 28659412 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the cancer-immune system is important for understanding tumorigenesis and the development of cancer and immunotherapy. In this work, we build a comprehensive cancer-immune model including both cells and cytokines to uncover the underlying mechanism of cancer immunity based on landscape topography. We quantify three steady-state attractors, normal state, low cancer state and high cancer state, for the innate immunity and adaptive immunity of cancer. We also illustrate the cardinal inhibiting cancer immunity interactions and promoting cancer immunity interactions through global sensitivity analysis. We simulate tumorigenesis and the development of cancer and classify these into six stages. The characteristics of the six stages can be classified further into three groups. These correspond to the escape, elimination and equilibrium phases in immunoediting, respectively. Under specific cell-cell interactions strength oscillations emerge. We found that tumorigenesis and cancer recovery processes may need to go through cancer-immune oscillation, which consumes more energy. Based on the cancer-immune landscape, we predict three types of cells and two types of cytokines for cancer immunotherapy as well as combination immunotherapy. This landscape framework provides a quantitative way to understand the underlying mechanisms of the interplay between cancer and the immune system for cancer tumorigenesis and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wenbo
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China .,Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Physics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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12
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Zhong W, Xu X, Zhu Z, Yang L, Du H, Xia Z, Yuan Z, Xiong H, Du Q, Wei Y, Li Q. Increased interleukin-17A levels promote rituximab resistance by suppressing p53 expression and predict an unfavorable prognosis in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1528-1538. [PMID: 29512700 PMCID: PMC5873833 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rituximab resistance has become increasingly common in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of rituximab on interleukin (IL)-17A and to investigate the role of IL-17A in rituximab resistance and its prognostic value in patients with DLBCL. Our retrospective analysis revealed that rituximab increased IL-6 expression levels in patients with DLBCL, and the increased IL-6 levels in turn induced the differentiation of Th17 and IL-17+Foxp3+ Treg cells, which secreted IL-17A both in vivo and in vitro. We then examined the effects of IL-17A on the apoptosis and proliferation of, and p53 expression in DLBCL cells, and found that IL-17A prevented rituximab-induced apoptosis and promoted the proliferation of DLBCL cells by suppressing p53 expression in vitro. The survival data of 73 patients with DLBCL suggested that high peripheral blood levels of IL-17A predicted an unfavorable survival. On the whole, our data indicate that rituximab promotes Th17 and IL-17+Foxp3+ Treg cells to secrete IL-17A, which in turn promotes rituximab resistance, partially by suppressing p53 expression and inhibiting rituximab-induced DLBCL cell apoptosis. IL-17A may thus prove to be a useful prognostic marker in patients with DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Hematology and Oncology Ward, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, Hematology and Oncology Ward, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Zhongjun Xia
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Hematological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohu Yuan
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Huabao Xiong
- Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-5674, USA
| | - Qinghua Du
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Yaming Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Qingshan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
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13
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Understanding the Progression of Bone Metastases to Identify Novel Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010148. [PMID: 29300334 PMCID: PMC5796097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is one of the most preferential target site for cancer metastases, particularly for prostate, breast, kidney, lung and thyroid primary tumours. Indeed, numerous chemical signals and growth factors produced by the bone microenvironment constitute factors promoting cancer cell invasion and aggression. After reviewing the different theories proposed to provide mechanism for metastatic progression, we report on the gene expression profile of bone-seeking cancer cells. We also discuss the cross-talk between the bone microenvironment and invading cells, which impacts on the tumour actions on surrounding bone tissue. Lastly, we detail therapies for bone metastases. Due to poor prognosis for patients, the strategies mainly aim at reducing the impact of skeletal-related events on patients' quality of life. However, recent advances have led to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying bone metastases progression, and therefore of novel therapeutic targets.
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14
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Zhong W, Li Q. Rituximab or irradiation promotes IL-17 secretion and thereby induces resistance to rituximab or irradiation. Cell Mol Immunol 2017; 14:1020-1022. [PMID: 29151580 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2017.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, Hematology & Oncology Ward, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Qingshan Li
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China
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15
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Pellegrini C, Orlandi A, Costanza G, Di Stefani A, Piccioni A, Di Cesare A, Chiricozzi A, Ferlosio A, Peris K, Fargnoli MC. Expression of IL-23/Th17-related cytokines in basal cell carcinoma and in the response to medical treatments. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183415. [PMID: 28829805 PMCID: PMC5567915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several immune-related markers have been implicated in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) pathogenesis. The BCC inflammatory infiltrate is dominated by Th2 cytokines, suggesting a specific state of immunosuppression. In contrast, regressing BCC are characterized by a Th1 immune response with IFN-γ promoting a tumor suppressive activity. IL-23/Th17-related cytokines, as interleukin (IL)-17, IL-23 and IL-22, play a significant role in cutaneous inflammatory diseases, but their involvement in skin carcinogenesis is controversial and is poorly investigated in BCC. In this study we investigated the expression of IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-23 and IL-22 cytokines in BCC at the protein and mRNA level and their modulation during imiquimod (IMQ) treatment or photodynamic therapy (PDT). IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-23 and IL-22 levels were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and quantitative Real Time PCR in 41 histopathologically-proven BCCs (28 superficial and 13 nodular) from 39 patients. All BCC samples were analyzed at baseline and 19 of 41 also during medical treatment (9 with IMQ 5% cream and 10 with MAL-PDT). Association between cytokines expression and clinico-pathological variables was evaluated. Higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-23 and IL-22 were found in BCCs, mainly in the peritumoral infiltrate, compared to normal skin, with the expression being correlated to the severity of the inflammatory infiltrate. IFN-γ production was higher in superficial BCCs compared to nodular BCCs, while IL-17 was increased in nodular BCCs. A significant correlation was found between IFN-γ and IL-17 expression with both cytokines expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. An increase of all cytokines occurred during the inflammatory phase induced by IMQ and at the early time point of PDT treatment, with significant evidence for IFN-γ, IL-23, and IL-22. Our results confirm the role of IFN-γ and support the involvement of IL-23/Th17-related cytokines in BCC pathogenesis and in the inflammatory response during IMQ and MAL-PDT treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Pellegrini
- Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetana Costanza
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Piccioni
- Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonella Di Cesare
- Division of Clinical, Preventive and Oncologic Dermatology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Amedeo Ferlosio
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Ketty Peris
- Institute of Dermatology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Fargnoli
- Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- * E-mail:
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16
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Kim JY, Bae BN, Kang G, Kim HJ, Park K. Cytokine expression associated with Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus infection in gastric carcinogenesis. APMIS 2017; 125:808-815. [PMID: 28736845 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and associated cytokines are involved in gastric carcinogenesis. We investigated the expression of these cytokines and their relationship with clinicopathological characteristics. The study included specimens from 207 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, 56 with chronic gastritis, 32 with metaplasia, and 30 with low-grade epithelial dysplasia. Tissue microarrays were constructed and immunohistochemical staining for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, p16, p21, TNF-α, and TNFR1 was performed. EBV and H. pylori infection status was determined. IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, p16, and p21 protein expression was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma cases than in the other cases (p < 0.05). EBV was only noted in adenocarcinoma (13 cases, 6.3%). The H. pylori infection rate in adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that in the other cases (p < 0.005). IL-6 expression was associated with improved survival (p < 0.05), whereas IL-17 expression was associated with decreased survival (p < 0.05). IL-6 expression was inversely associated with angioinvasion, and disease stage (p < 0.05), whereas IL-17 expression was associated with disease stage (p < 0.05). IL-10 expression was correlated with IL-1β and TNF-α expression, and p16 expression was correlated with IL-17 and EBV status. Our results indicate that IL-6 and IL-17 are associated with gastric carcinogenesis and may be considered prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yeon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Noe Bae
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Guhyun Kang
- Department of Pathology, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeongmee Park
- Department of Pathology, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Matsuzaki H, Kumagai-Takei N, Lee S, Maeda M, Sada N, Hatayama T, Yamamoto S, Ikeda M, Yoshitome K, Min Y, Nishimura Y, Otsuki T. Search for biomarkers of asbestos exposure and asbestos-induced cancers in investigations of the immunological effects of asbestos. Environ Health Prev Med 2017; 22:53. [PMID: 29165150 PMCID: PMC5664581 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-017-0661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunological effects of asbestos exposure on various lymphocytes such as the regulatory T cell (Treg), responder CD4+ T helper cell (Tresp), CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), and natural killer (NK) cells were investigated. Results show that asbestos exposure impairs antitumor immunity through enhancement of regulatory T cell function and volume, reduction of CXCR3 chemokine receptor in responder CD4+ T helper cells, and impairment of the killing activities of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and NK cells. These findings were used to explore biological markers associated with asbestos exposure and asbestos-induced cancers and suggested the usefulness of serum/plasma IL-10 and TGF-β, surface CXCR3 expression in Tresp, the secreting potential of IFN-γ in Tresp, intracellular perforin level in CTL, and surface expression NKp46 in NK cells. Although other unexplored cytokines in serum/plasma and molecules in these immunological cells, including Th17, should be investigated by experimental procedures in addition to a comprehensive analysis of screening methods, biomarkers based on immunological alterations may be helpful in clinical situations to screen the high-risk population exposed to asbestos and susceptible to asbestos-related cancers such as mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Matsuzaki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Naoko Kumagai-Takei
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Suni Lee
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Megumi Maeda
- Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Division of Bioscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Nagisa Sada
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Tamayo Hatayama
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Shoko Yamamoto
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Miho Ikeda
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Kei Yoshitome
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yu Min
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan.,Department of Occupational Diseases, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 182 Tian Mu Shan Road, Zhejiang, 310013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yasumitsu Nishimura
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Takemi Otsuki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan.
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18
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Zhou F, Qiu LX, Cheng L, Wang MY, Li J, Sun MH, Yang YJ, Wang JC, Jin L, Wang YN, Wei QY. Associations of genotypes and haplotypes of IL-17 with risk of gastric cancer in an eastern Chinese population. Oncotarget 2016; 7:82384-82395. [PMID: 27577072 PMCID: PMC5347698 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 plays a crucial role in inflammation-related carcinogenesis. We hypothesize that genetic variants in IL-17 are associated with gastric cancer (GCa) risk, and we genotyped five potentially functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1974226 G > A, rs2275913 A > G, rs3819024 A > G, rs4711998 A > G, and rs8193036 C > T) of IL-17 in 1121 GCa patients and 1216 cancer-free controls in an eastern Chinese population. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Meta-analysis and genotype-mRNA expression correlation were performed to further validate positive associations. We found that an increased GCa risk was independently associated with rs1974226 (adjusted OR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.27-5.32 for AA vs. GG + GA) and rs2275913 (adjusted OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.03-1.72 for GA + AA vs. GG), while a decreased GCa risk was independently associated with rs3819024 (adjusted OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.54-0.96 for GG vs. AA + AG). Additional meta-analyses confirmed the observed risk association with rs2275913. We also found that two IL-17 haplotypes (G-G-G-A-C) and (A-G-G-A-C) (in the order of rs1974226, rs2275913, rs3819024, rs4711998 and rs8193036) were associated with a reduced GCa risk (adjusted OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.46-0.89 and adjusted OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.17-0.81, respectively). However, the expression Quantitative Trait Locus (eQTL) analysis for the genotype-phenotype correlation did not find mRNA expression changes associated with either the genotypes. In conclusions, genetic variants of IL-17 are likely to be associated with risk of GCa, and additional larger studies with functional validation are needed to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhou
- Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Xin Qiu
- Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Yun Wang
- Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Hong Sun
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Jun Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan-Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiu-Cun Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan-Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Jin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan-Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya-Nong Wang
- Department of Gastric Cancer and Soft Tissue Sarcoma Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Yi Wei
- Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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19
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Bao Z, Lu G, Cui D, Yao Y, Yang G, Zhou J. IL-17A-producing T cells are associated with the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:641-50. [PMID: 27277161 PMCID: PMC4933549 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that T cells are crucial in shaping the tumor microenvironment and regulating tumor development. However, the roles of IL-17A-producing T cells (IL-17A+CD4+ Th17, IL-17A+CD8+ Tc17 and IL-17A+ γδT17 cells) and related cytokines in the progression of lung cancer (LC) remain uncertain. Here, we found that the frequencies of both Th17 and γδT17 cells in the peripheral blood of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LA) were higher than those in healthy controls (HCs), whereas the frequency of Tc17 cells in the patients with LA was decreased. In addition, the frequencies of circulating Th17 and γδT17 cells, but not Tc17 cells, were positively associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Furthermore, the major source of IL-17A production was Th17 cells, followed by Tc17 and γδT17 cells, in peripheral blood from patients with LA and HCs; but the percentages of Th17 and γδT17 cells in total intracellular IL-17A+ cells obtained from the patients with LC were higher than those from HCs. Moreover, the protein and corresponding mRNA levels of IL-17A, IL-23, IL-1β, and TGF-β1 were much higher in the patients with LA than those in HCs, and the levels of IL-17A in patients were positively correlated with numbers of both Th17 and γδT17 cells, but not Tc17 cells. Finally, the frequencies of circulating Th17 and γδT17 cells, along with the levels of IL-17A, IL-23, IL-1β, and TGF-β1 were decreased in the patients with LA after tumor resection, whereas the frequency of circulating Tc17 cells was inversely increased in these patients. Our findings indicate that Th17, Tc17, γδT17 cells, and IL-17A-associated cytokines contribute to the development of LA and thus represent promising targets for therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Bao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Guohua Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Dawei Cui
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yinan Yao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Guangdie Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jianying Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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20
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Niccolai E, Cappello P, Taddei A, Ricci F, D'Elios MM, Benagiano M, Bechi P, Bencini L, Ringressi MN, Coratti A, Cianchi F, Bonello L, Di Celle PF, Prisco D, Novelli F, Amedei A. Peripheral ENO1-specific T cells mirror the intratumoral immune response and their presence is a potential prognostic factor for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:393-401. [PMID: 27210467 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease with an average survival of 4-6 months following diagnosis. Surgical resection is the only treatment with curative intent, but resectable PDAC patients are in the minority. Also, unlike other neoplasms, PDAC is resistant to conventional and targeted chemotherapy. Innovative treatments, such as immunotherapy, can be very important and the study of the immune response is fundamental. We previously demonstrated that PDAC patients show tumor-infiltrating T cells specific to α-enolase (ENO1), a glycolytic enzyme over-expressed by pancreatic tumor cells, which plays an important role in promoting cell migration and cancer metastasis. In the present study, we evaluate the functional anticancer proprieties of ENO1-specific T cells isolated from the peripheral blood of PDAC patients. Furthermore, comparing the T cell receptor repertoire of ENO1-specific peripheral and infiltrating tumor T cells from the same patient suggests that ENO1-specific T cells, despite having a different functional profile, can recirculate from the tumor to the periphery. Finally, of clinical relevance, the presence of peripheral ENO1-specific T cells has a prognostic value and significantly correlates with a longer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Biomedicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), I-50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Cappello
- Centre for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), AOU City of Health and Science of Turin, and Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, I-10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Taddei
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Biomedicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), I-50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Federica Ricci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Biomedicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), I-50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Milco D'Elios
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Biomedicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), I-50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Marisa Benagiano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Biomedicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), I-50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Bechi
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Biomedicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), I-50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lapo Bencini
- Division of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), I-50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Novella Ringressi
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Biomedicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), I-50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Coratti
- Division of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), I-50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Cianchi
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Biomedicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), I-50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Bonello
- Centre for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), AOU City of Health and Science of Turin, and Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, I-10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Francia Di Celle
- General Anatomopathology and Molecular Oncogenetics - AOU City of Health and Science of Turin, I-10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Domenico Prisco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Biomedicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), I-50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Novelli
- Centre for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), AOU City of Health and Science of Turin, and Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, I-10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Biomedicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), I-50134 Florence, Italy
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21
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Nabizadeh JA, Manthey HD, Steyn FJ, Chen W, Widiapradja A, Md Akhir FN, Boyle GM, Taylor SM, Woodruff TM, Rolfe BE. The Complement C3a Receptor Contributes to Melanoma Tumorigenesis by Inhibiting Neutrophil and CD4+ T Cell Responses. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:4783-92. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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22
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Therapy-induced microenvironmental changes in cancer. J Mol Med (Berl) 2016; 94:497-508. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1401-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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23
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Roeser JC, Leach SD, McAllister F. Emerging strategies for cancer immunoprevention. Oncogene 2015; 34:6029-39. [PMID: 26364615 PMCID: PMC11073473 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The crucial role of the immune system in the formation and progression of tumors has been widely accepted. On one hand, the surveillance role of the immune system plays an important role in endogenous tumor prevention, but on the other hand, in some special circumstances such as in chronic inflammation, the immune system can actually contribute to the formation and progression of tumors. In recent years, there has been an explosion of novel targeted immunotherapies for advanced cancers. In the present manuscript, we explore known and potential various types of cancer prevention strategies and focus on nonvaccine-based cancer preventive strategies targeting the immune system at the early stages of tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven D. Leach
- The David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Florencia McAllister
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Houston, TX
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Køllgaard T, Ugurel-Becker S, Idorn M, Andersen MH, Becker JC, Straten PT. Pre-Vaccination Frequencies of Th17 Cells Correlate with Vaccine-Induced T-Cell Responses to Survivin-Derived Peptide Epitopes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131934. [PMID: 26176858 PMCID: PMC4503613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Various subsets of immune regulatory cells are suggested to influence the outcome of therapeutic antigen-specific anti-tumor vaccinations. We performed an exploratory analysis of a possible correlation of pre-vaccination Th17 cells, MDSCs, and Tregs with both vaccination-induced T-cell responses as well as clinical outcome in metastatic melanoma patients vaccinated with survivin-derived peptides. Notably, we observed dysfunctional Th1 and cytotoxic T cells, i.e. down-regulation of the CD3ζchain (p=0.001) and an impaired IFNγ-production (p=0.001) in patients compared to healthy donors, suggesting an altered activity of immune regulatory cells. Moreover, the frequencies of Th17 cells (p=0.03) and Tregs (p=0.02) were elevated as compared to healthy donors. IL-17-secreting CD4+ T cells displayed an impact on the immunological and clinical effects of vaccination: Patients characterized by high frequencies of Th17 cells at pre-vaccination were more likely to develop survivin-specific T-cell reactivity post-vaccination (p=0.03). Furthermore, the frequency of Th17 (p=0.09) and Th17/IFNγ+ (p=0.19) cells associated with patient survival after vaccination. In summary, our explorative, hypothesis-generating study demonstrated that immune regulatory cells, in particular Th17 cells, play a relevant role for generation of the vaccine-induced anti-tumor immunity in cancer patients, hence warranting further investigation to test for validity as predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Køllgaard
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Manja Idorn
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Per thor Straten
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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25
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Haghshenas MR, Khademi B, Faghih Z, Ghaderi A, Erfani N. Immune regulatory cells and IL17-producing lymphocytes in patients with benign and malignant salivary gland tumors. Immunol Lett 2015; 164:109-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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IL-17 induces radiation resistance of B lymphoma cells by suppressing p53 expression and thereby inhibiting irradiation-triggered apoptosis. Cell Mol Immunol 2014; 12:366-72. [PMID: 25544504 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2014.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Revised: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 is a well-known tumor suppressor. However, the regulatory mechanism(s) for p53 expression in B lymphoma cells, and the possible role of p53 in the development of the radioresistance in tumor cells are largely unknown. A human B lymphoma cell line, Karpas1106 (k1106), was used as a model of radioresistance. Apoptosis of k1106 cells was determined using flow cytometry. Expression of p53 was assessed using real time RT-PCR and western blotting. The results showed that irradiation at 8 Gy induced apoptosis in up to 40% of k1106 cells. At the same time, the irradiation markedly increased IL-6 production of the k1106 cells. When k1106 cells were cocultured with regulatory T cells (Tregs) and irradiated, the rate of apoptotic k1106 cells was significantly reduced, indicating an acquired resistance to irradiation. IL-6 derived from the irradiation-treated k1106 cells induced IL-17 expression in Tregs. The IL-17(+)Foxp3(+) T cells suppressed p53 expression in k1106 cells. Collectively, irradiated k1106 cells induce the expression of IL-17 in Tregs, which interferes with the expression of p53 protein in k1106 cells and thereby represses irradiation-triggered apoptosis in k1106 cells.
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Choi SYC, Lin D, Gout PW, Collins CC, Xu Y, Wang Y. Lessons from patient-derived xenografts for better in vitro modeling of human cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 79-80:222-37. [PMID: 25305336 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of novel cancer therapeutics is often plagued by discrepancies between drug efficacies obtained in preclinical studies and outcomes of clinical trials. The inconsistencies can be attributed to a lack of clinical relevance of the cancer models used for drug testing. While commonly used in vitro culture systems are advantageous for addressing specific experimental questions, they are often gross, fidelity-lacking simplifications that largely ignore the heterogeneity of cancers as well as the complexity of the tumor microenvironment. Factors such as tumor architecture, interactions among cancer cells and between cancer and stromal cells, and an acidic tumor microenvironment are critical characteristics observed in patient-derived cancer xenograft models and in the clinic. By mimicking these crucial in vivo characteristics through use of 3D cultures, co-culture systems and acidic culture conditions, an in vitro cancer model/microenvironment that is more physiologically relevant may be engineered to produce results more readily applicable to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Yiu Chuen Choi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Dong Lin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Peter W Gout
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Colin C Collins
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Yu J, He S, Liu P, Hu Y, Wang L, Wang X, Han Y, Zhu X. Interleukin‑21 promotes the development of ulcerative colitis and regulates the proliferation and secretion of follicular T helper cells in the colitides microenvironment. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:1049-56. [PMID: 25371082 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) are at increased risk of developing colitis‑associated colon cancer. Previous studies have indicated that interleukin (IL)‑21, which is predominantly secreted by follicular T helper (Tfh) cells, is overproduced in inflammatory bowel diseases. In order to investigate the role of IL‑21 in UC and the association between IL‑21 and Tfh cells, the number of Tfh cells and the level of IL‑21 were investigated in colonic tissues from UC patients and wild‑type (WT) mice, which were induced by dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). High Tfh cell counts and levels of IL‑21 were observed in UC patients and WT mice with DSS‑induced colitis. Subsequent comparison of the mucosal damage and expression of Tfh‑associated cytokines in the WT mice and IL‑21 knockout (IL‑21KO) mice following DSS administration, revealed that IL‑21KO mice were largely protected against colitis and exhibited reduced infiltration of Tfh cells, as well as decreased production of Tfh‑associated cytokines. The present study also found that IL‑21 was necessary for the proliferation and secretion of Tfh cells in vitro. In addition, neutralization of IL‑21 in DSS‑administered WT mice using anti‑IL‑21 reduced the number of Tfh cells and the level of mucosal damage. Administration of a neutralizing IL‑21 antibody decreased the colonic infiltration of Tfh cells and reduced damage to the mucosa. These results indicated that Tfh cells are important in UC and that its effector molecule, IL‑21, is not only a critical regulator of inflammation, but also regulates the proliferation and response of Tfh cells in the colitis microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Songbing He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wujiang City, Wujiang Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Wujiang, Jiangsu 215200, P.R. China
| | - You Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Ye Han
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Xinguo Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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Sun X, Guo L, Wang H, Yu H, Wang J, Meng X, Liu Z, Liu J, Hu L, Li H, Wang D. The presence of tumor-infiltrating IL-17-producing cells in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma tumor microenvironment is a poor prognostic factor. Am J Otolaryngol 2014; 35:582-8. [PMID: 25014998 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a benign tumor histologically, it demonstrates aggressive propensity of locally destructive growth causing bone erosion. The patients with JNA remain high recurrence rate after surgical excision. Th17 cells secrete the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17), and play an important role in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. So far, no studies have focused on the significance of IL-17-producing cells in the JNA tumor microenvironment. The current study was designed to investigate the localization and level of tumor-infiltrating IL-17-producing cells in JNA microenvironment. The presence and number of IL-17-producing cells were further analyzed for a possible association with clinicopathological features and disease outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression of IL-17 in a tissue microarray from 70 patients with JNA and 10 control subjects. Correlations between the levels of IL-17 expression and clinicopathologic variables, as well as tumor recurrence, were assessed. RESULTS In vessels, the IL-17-producing cells were identified in pericytes and irregular smooth muscle cells, but the matured vascular endothelial cells showed no IL-17 reactivity. The expression of IL-17 in stromal cells was concentrated in the less differentiated and plump cells that contained a central hypochromatic nucleus and single small nucleolus. Chi-square test showed that tumor stage (p=0.09), operation history (p=0.828), operation approach (p=0.159), and volume of intraoperative hemorrhage (p=0.352) were not associated with the expression of IL-17 in JNA patients. However, intratumoral IL-17-producing cells were negatively associated with patient's age (p=0.004). Furthermore, we found that patients with extensive infiltration of IL-17-producing cells had significantly higher recurrence rates than those with less infiltration of IL-17-producing cells (p=0.028). Log rank analysis showed that JNA patients with high levels of IL-17 had significantly shorter disease free survival (DFS) than those with low levels of IL-17 (p=0.004). Univariate Cox regression analysis suggested that IL-17 and patient's age were significantly associated with DFS. Multivariate analysis indicated that high infiltration with IL-17-producing cells was associated with poor DFS. Of all clinicopathological features, IL-17 level was an independent factor predicting the patient's prognosis. CONCLUSION In JNA patients, a high level of IL-17-producing cells was negatively associated with patient's age. Patients with extensive infiltration of IL-17-producing cells had significantly higher tumor recurrence rates. High infiltration of IL-17-producing cells in JNA microenvironment is an independent poor prognostic factor for shorter disease-free survival. Future studies further focusing on the role of IL-17 may provide more promising therapeutic methods for extensive JNA tumors.
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Xu B, Guenther JF, Pociask DA, Wang Y, Kolls JK, You Z, Chandrasekar B, Shan B, Sullivan DE, Morris GF. Promotion of lung tumor growth by interleukin-17. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L497-508. [PMID: 25038189 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00125.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings demonstrate that inhaled cigarette smoke, the predominant lung carcinogen, elicits a T helper 17 (Th17) inflammatory phenotype. Interleukin-17A (IL-17), the hallmark cytokine of Th17 inflammation, displays pro- and antitumorigenic properties in a manner that varies according to tumor type and assay system. To investigate the role of IL-17 in lung tumor growth, we used an autochthonous tumor model (K-Ras(LA1) mice) with lung delivery of a recombinant adenovirus that expresses IL-17A. Virus-mediated expression of IL-17A in K-Ras(LA1) mice at 8-10 wk of age doubled lung tumor growth in 3 wk relative to littermates that received a green fluorescent protein-expressing control adenovirus. IL-17 induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression in vivo and in vitro. In accord with this finding, selective and specific inhibitors of MMP-9 repressed the increased motility and invasiveness of IL-17-treated lung tumor cells in culture. Knockdown or mutation of p53 promoted the motility of murine lung tumor cells and abrogated the promigratory role of IL-17. Coexpression of siRNA-resistant wild-type, but not mutant, human p53 rescued both IL-17-mediated migration and MMP-9 mRNA induction in p53 knockdown lung tumor cells. IL-17 increased MMP-9 mRNA stability by reducing interaction with the mRNA destabilizing serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1). Taken together, our results indicate that IL-17 stimulates lung tumor growth and regulates MMP-9 mRNA levels in a p53- and SRSF1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - James F Guenther
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Derek A Pociask
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jay K Kolls
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Zongbing You
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Bin Shan
- Department of Medicine-Pulmonary Section, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Gilbert F Morris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana;
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Lim C, Savan R. The role of the IL-22/IL-22R1 axis in cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2014; 25:257-71. [PMID: 24856143 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is an IL-10 family cytokine produced by T cells and innate lymphoid cells. The IL-22 signaling pathway orchestrates mucosal immune defense and tissue regeneration through pleiotropic effects including pro-survival signaling, cell migration, dysplasia and angiogenesis. While these functions can prevent initial establishment of tumors, they can also be hijacked by aggressive cancers to enhance tumor growth and metastasis. Thus, the role of the IL-22/IL-22R1 axis in cancer is complex and context-specific. Evidence of IL-22 involvement manifests as dysregulation of IL-22 expression and signaling in patients with many common cancers including those of the gut, skin, lung and liver. Unlike other cancer-associated cytokines, IL-22 has restricted tissue specificity as its unique receptor IL-22R1 is exclusively expressed on epithelial and tissue cells, but not immune cells. This makes it an attractive target for therapy as there is potential achieve anti-tumor immunity with fewer side effects. This review summarizes current findings on functions of IL-22 in association with general mechanisms for tumorigenesis as well as specific contributions to particular cancers, and ponders how best to approach further research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrissie Lim
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ram Savan
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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32
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Chemokines as potential markers in pediatric renal diseases. DISEASE MARKERS 2014; 2014:278715. [PMID: 24692841 PMCID: PMC3947707 DOI: 10.1155/2014/278715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glomerular diseases and obstructive uropathies are the two most frequent causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children. Recently, biomarkers have become a focus of clinical research as potentially useful diagnostic tools in pediatric renal diseases. Among several putative biomarkers, chemokines emerge as promising molecules since they play relevant roles in the pathophysiology of pediatric renal diseases. The evaluation of these inflammatory mediators might help in the management of diverse renal diseases in children and the detection of patients at high risk to develop CKD. The aim of this paper is to revise general aspects of chemokines and the potential link between chemokines and the most common pediatric renal diseases by including experimental and clinical evidence.
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Townsend KN, Spowart JE, Huwait H, Eshragh S, West NR, Elrick MA, Kalloger SE, Anglesio M, Watson PH, Huntsman DG, Lum JJ. Markers of T cell infiltration and function associate with favorable outcome in vascularized high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82406. [PMID: 24376535 PMCID: PMC3871161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background When T cells infiltrate the tumor environment they encounter a myriad of metabolic stressors including hypoxia. Overcoming the limitations imposed by an inadequate tumor vasculature that contributes to these stressors may be a crucial step to immune cells mounting an effective anti-tumor response. We sought to determine whether the functional capacity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) could be influenced by the tumor vasculature and correlated this with survival in patients with ovarian cancer. Methodology and Principal Findings In 196 high-grade serous ovarian tumors, we confirmed that the tumor vascularity as measured by the marker CD31 was associated with improved patient disease-specific survival. We also found that tumors positive for markers of TIL (CD8, CD4 and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)) and T cell function (granzyme B and T-cell restricted intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1)) correlated significantly with elevated vascularity. In vitro, hypoxic CD8 T cells showed reduced cytolytic activity, secreted less effector cytokines and upregulated autophagy. Survival analysis revealed that patients had a significant improvement in disease-specific survival when FoxP3 expressing cells were present in CD31-high tumors compared to patients with FoxP3 expressing cells in CD31-low tumors [HR: 2.314 (95% CI 1.049–5.106); p = 0.0377]. Patients with high vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressing tumors containing granzyme B positive cells had improved survival compared to patients with granzyme B positive cells in VEGF-low tumors [HR: 2.522 (95% CI 1.097–5.799); p = 0.0294]. Significance Overall, this data provides a rationale for developing strategies aimed at improving the adaptability and function of TIL to hypoxic tumor conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelin N. Townsend
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jaeline E. Spowart
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hassan Huwait
- Anatomical Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sima Eshragh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nathan R. West
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mary A. Elrick
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steve E. Kalloger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael Anglesio
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter H. Watson
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David G. Huntsman
- Centre for the Translational & Applied Genomics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julian J. Lum
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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IL-17A is produced by breast cancer TILs and promotes chemoresistance and proliferation through ERK1/2. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3456. [PMID: 24316750 PMCID: PMC3856404 DOI: 10.1038/srep03456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The proinflammatory cytokine Interleukin 17A (hereafter named IL–17A) or IL-17A producing cells are elevated in breast tumors environment and correlate with poor prognosis. Increased IL-17A is associated with ER(−) or triple negative tumors and reduced Disease Free Survival. However, the pathophysiological role of IL-17A in breast cancer remains unclear although several studies suggested its involvement in cancer cell dissemination. Here we demonstrated that a subset of breast tumors is infiltrated with IL-17A-producing cells. Increased IL-17A seems mainly associated to ER(−) and triple negative/basal-like tumors. Isolation of tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) from breast cancer biopsies revealed that these cells secreted significant amounts of IL-17A. We further established that recombinant IL-17A recruits the MAPK pathway by upregulating phosphorylated ERK1/2 in human breast cancer cell lines thereby promoting proliferation and resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic agents such as docetaxel. We also confirmed here that recombinant IL-17A stimulates migration and invasion of breast cancer cells as previously reported. Importantly, TILs also induced tumor cell proliferation, chemoresistance and migration and treatment with IL-17A-neutralizing antibodies abrogated these effects. Altogether these results demonstrated the pathophysiological role of IL-17A-producing cell infiltrate in a subset of breast cancers. Therefore, IL-17A appears as potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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The role of T helper (TH)17 cells as a double-edged sword in the interplay of infection and autoimmunity with a focus on xenobiotic-induced immunomodulation. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:374769. [PMID: 24151516 PMCID: PMC3787652 DOI: 10.1155/2013/374769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research in recent years suggests that exposure to xenobiotic stimuli plays a critical role in autoimmunity induction and severity and that the resulting response would be exacerbated in individuals with an infection-aroused immune system. In this context, heavy metals constitute a prominent category of xenobiotic substances, known to alter divergent immune cell responses in accidentally and occupationally exposed individuals, thereby increasing the susceptibility to autoimmunity and cancer, especially when accompanied by inflammation-triggered persistent sensitization. This perception is learned from experimental models of infection and epidemiologic studies and clearly underscores the interplay of exposure to such immunomodulatory elements with pre- or postexposure infectious events. Further, the TH17 cell subset, known to be associated with a growing list of autoimmune manifestations, may be the “superstar” at the interface of xenobiotic exposure and autoimmunity. In this review, the most recently established links to this nomination are short-listed to create a framework to better understand new insights into TH17's contributions to autoimmunity.
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Liu KL, Yu RJ, Wu J, Lin XC. Significance of interleukin 17-A expression in colorectal cancer and adenoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:2522-2529. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i25.2522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the expression and role of interleukin-17 (IL-17) in colorectal cancer and adenoma.
METHODS: Tissue samples taken from patients with colorectal cancer or adenoma who were treated in our gastrointestinal endoscopy unit between 2009 and 2011 were used in this retrospective study. The expression of IL-17A in the above tissue samples was detected by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between IL-17A expression and clinicopathological characteristics and β-catenin localization was analyzed.
RESULTS: The positive rate of IL-17A expression was significantly higher in colorectal cancer, colorectal adenoma and ulcerative colitis than in normal colorectal tissue (54.2%, 45.8%, 50.0% vs 0.0%, all P < 0.01). IL-17A expression was not associated with tumor location, degree of differentiation, Duke's stage, lymph node metastasis, MVD or Ki-67 expression in colorectal cancer (all P > 0.05). IL-17A expression was also not associated with histological type, MVD, concomitant colorectal cancer, location, size, color, number or shape of adenomas (all P > 0.05) in colorectal adenoma. The expression of IL-17A was higher in adenomas with high-grade dysplasia than in those with mild to moderate dysplasia, but the difference was not significant (29.62 ± 26.77 vs 16.98 ± 10.62, P > 0.05). The expression of IL-17A was significantly higher in adenomas with nuclear expression of β-catenin than in those with cytoplasmic or membrane expression of β-catenin (29.11 ± 6.16 vs 16.95 ± 7.99, 15.10 ± 11.46, P = 0.038, 0.021).
CONCLUSION: IL-17A expression is elevated in colorectal cancer and adenomas and may mediate nuclear translocation of β-catenin.
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