1
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Luan H, Lu J, Shi W, Lu Y. Four amino acids play an important role in the allergenicity of hemocyanin allergen. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133704. [PMID: 38972655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
To identify the key amino acids (AAs) affecting the allergenicity of hemocyanin (HC) allergens from Chinese mitten crabs, in this study, two epitopes, P1-SHFTGSKSNPEQR and P2-LSPGANTITR were employed and four potential key AAs (P1: F3 and N9 and P2: N6 and R10) were predicted. Mast cell and mouse models revealed that four mutants induced lower levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and Th2 type cytokines (15.47-49.89 %), proving that F3, N9, N6, and R10 were the key AAs of two epitopes. Mutants reduce allergic responses via the Th2 pathway. However, the roles of every key AA affecting allergenicity were different (P1-F3 > N9 and P2-N6 > R10). In addition, lower transport and higher efflux were observed in the mutants during transport absorption by Caco-2 cells. The allergenicity of HC was stronger when the transport absorption efficiency of epitopes and mutants was higher and their efflux was lower. Our study provides a novel method for revealing the allergenic molecular mechanisms of food allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Luan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China; National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology (Shanghai), Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Jiada Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China; National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology (Shanghai), Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Wenzheng Shi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology (Shanghai), Shanghai 201306, China; Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lingang Special Area, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ying Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China; National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology (Shanghai), Shanghai 201306, China; Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lingang Special Area, Shanghai 201306, China.
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2
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Ji R, Guan L, Hu Z, Cheng Y, Cai M, Zhao G, Zang J. A comprehensive review on hemocyanin from marine products: Structure, functions, its implications for the food industry and beyond. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132041. [PMID: 38705315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Hemocyanin, an oxygen-transport protein, is widely distributed in the hemolymph of marine arthropods and mollusks, playing an important role in their physiological processes. Recently, hemocyanin has been recognized as a multifunctional glycoprotein involved in the immunological responses of aquatic invertebrates. Consequently, the link between hemocyanin functions and their potential applications has garnered increased attention. This review offers an integrated overview of hemocyanin's structure, physicochemical characteristics, and bioactivities to further promote the utilization of hemocyanin derived from marine products. Specifically, we review its implication in two aspects of food and aquaculture industries: quality and health. Hemocyanin's inducible phenoloxidase activity is thought to be an inducer of melanosis in crustaceans. New anti-melanosis agents targeted to hemocyanin need to be explored. The red-color change observed in shrimp shells is related to hemocyanin, affecting consumer preferences. Hemocyanin's adaptive modification in response to the aquatic environment is available as a biomarker. Additionally, hemocyanin is endowed with bioactivities encompassing anti-microbial, antiviral, and therapeutic activities. Hemocyanin is also a novel allergen and its allergenic features remain incompletely characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Ji
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Leying Guan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ziyan Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yishen Cheng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meng Cai
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiachen Zang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Li J, Zhao M, Zhang X, Zheng Z, Yao D, Yang S, Chen T, Zhang Y, Aweya JJ. The evolutionary adaptation of shrimp hemocyanin subtypes and the consequences on their structure and functions. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109347. [PMID: 38160900 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Hemocyanin is the main respiratory protein of arthropods and is formed by hexameric and/or oligomeric subunits. Due to changes in the living environment and gene rearrangement, various hemocyanin subtypes and subunits evolved in crustaceans. This paper reviews the various hemocyanin subtypes and isoforms in shrimp and analyses published genomic data of sixteen hemocyanin family genes from Litopenaeus vannamei to explore the evolution of hemocyanin genes, subunits, and protein structure. Analysis of hemocyanin subtypes distribution and structure in various tissues was also performed and related to multiple and tissue-specific functions, i.e., immunological activity, immune signaling, phenoloxidase activity, modulation of microbiota homeostasis, and energy metabolism. The functional diversity of shrimp hemocyanin due to molecular polymorphism, transcriptional regulation, alternative splicing, degradation into functional peptides, interaction with other proteins or genes, and structural differences will also be highlighted for future research. Inferences would be drawn from other crustaceans to explain how evolution has changed the structure-function of hemocyanin and its implication for evolutionary research into the multifunctionality of hemocyanin and other related proteins in shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Shen Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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4
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Kirilova M, Topalova Y, Velkova L, Dolashki A, Kaynarov D, Daskalova E, Zheleva N. Antibacterial Action of Protein Fraction Isolated from Rapana venosa Hemolymph against Escherichia coli NBIMCC 8785. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:68. [PMID: 38256901 PMCID: PMC10821198 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products and especially those from marine organisms are being intensively explored as an alternative to synthetic antibiotics. However, the exact mechanisms of their action are not yet well understood. The molecular masses of components in the hemolymph fraction with MW 50-100 kDa from Rapana venosa were determined using ImageQuant™ TL v8.2.0 software based on electrophoretic analysis. Mainly, three types of compounds with antibacterial potential were identified, namely proteins with MW at 50.230 kDa, 62.100 kDa and 93.088 kDa that were homologous to peroxidase-like protein, aplicyanin A and L-amino acid oxidase and functional units with MW 50 kDa from R. venous hemocyanin. Data for their antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli NBIMCC 8785 were obtained by CTC/DAPI-based fluorescent analysis (analysis based on the use of a functional fluorescence probe). The fluorescent analyses demonstrated that a 50% concentration of the fraction with MW 50-100 kDa was able to eliminate 99% of the live bacteria. The antimicrobial effect was detectable even at a 1% concentration of the active compounds. The bacteria in this case had reduced metabolic activity and a 24% decreased size. The fraction had superior action compared with another mollusc product-snail slime-which killed 60% of the E. coli NBIMCC 8785 cells at a 50% concentration and had no effect at a 1% concentration. The obtained results demonstrate the high potential of the fraction with MW 50-100 kDa from R. venosa to eliminate and suppress the development of Escherichia coli NBIMCC 8785 bacteria and could be applied as an appropriate component of therapeutics with the potential to replace antibiotics to avoid the development of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Kirilova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tzankov blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (Y.T.)
- Center of Competence “Clean Technologies for Sustainable Environment—Water, Waste, Energy for Circular Economy”, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Yana Topalova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tzankov blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (Y.T.)
- Center of Competence “Clean Technologies for Sustainable Environment—Water, Waste, Energy for Circular Economy”, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Lyudmila Velkova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.D.); (D.K.)
| | - Aleksandar Dolashki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.D.); (D.K.)
| | - Dimitar Kaynarov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.D.); (D.K.)
| | - Elmira Daskalova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tzankov blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (Y.T.)
| | - Nellie Zheleva
- Center of Competence “Clean Technologies for Sustainable Environment—Water, Waste, Energy for Circular Economy”, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria;
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Zhao M, Zheng Z, Wang C, Yao D, Lin Z, Zhao Y, Chen X, Li S, Aweya JJ, Zhang Y. Penaeid shrimp counteract high ammonia stress by generating and using functional peptides from hemocyanin, such as HMCs27. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167073. [PMID: 37714341 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural and anthropogenic activities release high ammonia levels into aquatic ecosystems, severely affecting aquatic organisms. Penaeid shrimp can survive high ammonia stress conditions, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Here, total hemocyanin and oxyhemocyanin levels decreased in Penaeus vannamei plasma under high ammonia stress. When shrimp were subjected to high ammonia stress for 12 h, 24 hemocyanin (HMC) derived peptides were identified in shrimp plasma, among which one peptide, designated as HMCs27, was chosen for further analysis. Shrimp survival was significantly enhanced after treatment with the recombinant protein of HMCs27 (rHMCs27), followed by high ammonia stress. Transcriptome analysis of shrimp hepatopancreas after treatment with or without rHMCs27 followed by high ammonia stress revealed 973 significantly dysregulated genes, notable among which were genes involved in oxidation and metabolism, such as cytochrome C, catalase (CAT), isocitrate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), trypsin, chymotrypsin, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione s-transferase (GST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). In addition, levels of key biochemical indicators, such as SOD, CAT, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), were significantly enhanced, whereas hepatopancreas malondialdehyde levels and plasma pH, NH3, GST, and ALT levels were significantly decreased after rHMCs27 treatment followed by high ammonia stress. Moreover, high ammonia stress induced hepatopancreas tissue injury and apoptosis, but rHMCs27 treatment ameliorated these effects. Collectively, the current study revealed that in response to high ammonia stress, shrimp generate functional peptides, such as peptide HMCs27 from hemocyanin, which helps to attenuate the ammonia toxicity by enhancing the antioxidant system and the tricarboxylic acid cycle to decrease plasma NH3 levels and pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Chuanqi Wang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zhongyang Lin
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhao
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China.
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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6
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Zhao M, Lin Z, Zheng Z, Yao D, Yang S, Zhao Y, Chen X, Aweya JJ, Zhang Y. The mechanisms and factors that induce trained immunity in arthropods and mollusks. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1241934. [PMID: 37744346 PMCID: PMC10513178 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1241934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides dividing the organism's immune system into adaptive and innate immunity, it has long been thought that only adaptive immunity can establish immune memory. However, many studies have shown that innate immunity can also build immunological memory through epigenetic reprogramming and modifications to resist pathogens' reinfection, known as trained immunity. This paper reviews the role of mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetic modifications and describes the molecular foundation in the trained immunity of arthropods and mollusks. Mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetic modifications complement each other and play a key role in trained immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Zhongyang Lin
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Shen Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhao
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
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Zhao W, Fang Y, Zheng Z, Lin Z, Zhao Y, Chen X, Yao D, Zhang Y. The transcription factor CSL homolog in Penaeus vannamei positively regulates the transcription of the hemocyanin small subunit gene. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 145:104723. [PMID: 37120045 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hemocyanin, a copper-containing respiratory protein, is abundantly present in hemolymph of arthropods and mollusks and performs a variety of immunological functions. However, the regulatory mechanisms of hemocyanin gene transcription remain largely unclear. Our previous work showed that knockdown of the transcription factor CSL, a component of the Notch signaling pathway, downregulated the expression of Penaeus vannamei hemocyanin small subunit gene (PvHMCs), indicating the involvement of CSL in regulating the PvHMCs transcription. In this study, we identified a CSL binding motif ("GAATCCCAGA", +1675/+1684 bp) in the core promoter of PvHMCs (designated as HsP3). Dual luciferase reporter assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) demonstrated that the CSL homolog in P. vannamei (PvCSL) could directly bind and activate the HsP3 promoter. Moreover, in vivo silencing of PvCSL significantly attenuated the mRNA and protein expression of PvHMCs. Finally, in response to Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Streptococcus iniae and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge, the transcript of PvCSL and PvHMCs showed a positive correlation, suggesting that PvCSL could also modulate the expression of PvHMCs upon pathogen stimulation. Taken together, our present finding is the first to demonstrate that PvCSL is a crucial factor in transcriptional control of PvHMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Zhao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yunxuan Fang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Zhongyang Lin
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhao
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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8
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Liao M, Wang F, Huang L, Liu C, Dong W, Zhuang X, Yin X, Liu Y, Wang W. Effects of dietary Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on growth performance, immunity and environmental stress tolerance of Penaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108500. [PMID: 36572268 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.108500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBE) has been extensively used in the treatment of diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. In aquaculture, GBE is widely used as a feed additive, which is important to enhance the immunity of aquatic animals. The current study evaluated the effects of adding GBE to the diet of Penaeus vannamei (P. vannamei) under intensive aquaculture. The GBE0 (control group), GBE1, GBE2, and GBE4 groups were fed a commercial feed supplemented with 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 g/kg GBE for 21 days, respectively. The results showed that dietary GBE could alleviate hepatopancreas tissue damage and improve the survival rate of shrimp, and dietary 2 g/kg GBE could significantly increase the total hemocyte count (THC), the hemocyanin content, the antioxidant gene's expression, and the activity of their encoded enzymes in P. vannamei. Furthermore, transcriptome data revealed that immunity-related genes were upregulated in the GBE2 group compared with the GBE0 group after 21 days of culture. Drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, sphingolipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, fat digestion and protein digestion and absorption pathways were significantly enriched, according to KEGG results. Surprisingly, all of the above KEGG-enriched pathways were significantly upregulated. These findings demonstrated that supplementing P. vannamei with 2 g/kg GBE improved its environmental adaptability by improving immunity, lipid metabolism, and detoxification. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of dietary GBE on the intensive aquaculture of P. vannamei was conducted to provide a reference for the healthy culture of P. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqiu Liao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Can Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Wenna Dong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Xueqi Zhuang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Yin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
| | - Weina Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
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9
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Srisuk C, Choolert C, Bendena WG, Longyant S, Sithigorngul P, Chaivisuthangkura P. Molecular isolation and expression analysis of hemocyanin isoform 2 of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2022; 34:208-220. [PMID: 36205717 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hemocyanin is a copper-bearing protein in the hemolymph of many arthropods and mollusks and functions as an oxygen transport and important nonspecific immune protein. METHODS In this study, complementary DNA of hemocyanin isoform 2 of the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (MrHc2) was isolated by rapid amplification of cDNA ends and mRNA expression was characterized to elucidate molecular basis of its function. RESULT With a molecular mass of 77.3 kDa, MrHc2 contained three domains: hemocyanin-all-alpha, hemocyanin-copper-containing, and hemocyanin-immunoglobulin-like domains. Molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that MrHc2 belongs to the γ-type subunit and is closely related to hemocyanin subunit 1 of the palaemonid shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense. In addition, MrHc2 resided in a different clade relative to hemocyanin (MrHc) of M. rosenbergii (α-type subunit) and in a different subclade relative to the hemocyanin proteins of penaeid shrimp. The messenger RNA transcript of MrHc2 was highly expressed in the hepatopancreas and weakly expressed in the gills, intestine, stomach, muscle, and hemocytes. Upon challenge with M. rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV), the expression of MrHc2 was 1.96-, 2.93-, and 1.96-fold on days 3, 4, and 5, respectively, and then gradually declined to basal levels on day 7. CONCLUSION This study suggests that MrHc2 plays an important role in the innate immune response of M. rosenbergii to MrNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutima Srisuk
- Innovative Learning Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanitcha Choolert
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - William G Bendena
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Siwaporn Longyant
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Animal, Plant and Parasite Biotechnology, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Paisarn Sithigorngul
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Animal, Plant and Parasite Biotechnology, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Parin Chaivisuthangkura
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Animal, Plant and Parasite Biotechnology, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
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10
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Nie J, Aweya JJ, Yu Z, Zhou H, Wang F, Yao D, Zheng Z, Li S, Ma H, Zhang Y. Deacetylation of K481 and K484 on Penaeid Shrimp Hemocyanin Is Critical for Antibacterial Activity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:476-487. [PMID: 35851542 PMCID: PMC10580119 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Although invertebrates' innate immunity relies on several immune-like molecules, the diversity of these molecules and their immune response mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we show that Penaeus vannamei hemocyanin (PvHMC) undergoes specific deacetylation under Vibrio parahaemolyticus and LPS challenge. In vitro deacetylation of PvHMC increases its binding capacity with LPS and antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Lysine residues K481 and K484 on the Ig-like domain of PvHMC are the main acetylation sites modulated by the acetyltransferase TIP60 and deacetylase HDAC3. Deacetylation of PvHMC on K481 and K484 allows PvHMC to form a positively charged binding pocket that interacts directly with LPS, whereas acetylation abrogates the positive charge to decrease PvHMC-LPS attraction. Besides, V. parahaemolyticus and LPS challenge increases the expression of Pvhdac3 to induce PvHMC deacetylation. This work indicates that, during bacterial infections, deacetylation of hemocyanin is crucial for binding with LPS to clear Gram-negative bacteria in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Nie
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhixue Yu
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Hongyu Ma
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China; and
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11
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Zhao M, Aweya JJ, Feng Q, Zheng Z, Yao D, Zhao Y, Chen X, Zhang Y. Ammonia stress affects the structure and function of hemocyanin in Penaeus vannamei. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113827. [PMID: 36068754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic factors and climate change have serious effects on the aquatic ecosystem and aquaculture. Among water pollutants, ammonia has the greatest impact on aquaculture organisms such as penaeid shrimp because it makes them more susceptible to infections. In this study, we explored the effects of ammonia stress (0, 50, 100, and 150 mg/L) on the molecular structure and functions of the multifunctional respiratory protein hemocyanin (HMC) in Penaeus vannamei. While the mRNA expression of Penaeus vannamei hemocyanin (PvHMC) was up-regulated after ammonia stress, both plasma hemocyanin protein and oxyhemocyanin (OxyHMC) levels decreased. Moreover, ammonia stress changed the molecular structure of hemocyanin, modulated the expression of protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A) and casein kinase 2α (CK2α) to regulate the phosphorylation modification of hemocyanin, and enhanced its degradation into fragments by trypsin. Under moderate ammonia stress conditions, hemocyanin also undergoes glycosylation to improve its in vitro antibacterial activity and binding with Gram-negative (Vibrio parahaemolyticus) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria, albeit differently. The current findings indicate that P. vannamei hemocyanin undergoes adaptive molecular modifications under ammonia stress enabling the shrimp to survive and counteract the consequences of the stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhao
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China.
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12
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Yuan C, Zheng X, Liu K, Yuan W, Zhang Y, Mao F, Bao Y. Functional Characterization, Antimicrobial Effects, and Potential Antibacterial Mechanisms of NpHM4, a Derived Peptide of Nautilus pompilius Hemocyanin. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20070459. [PMID: 35877752 PMCID: PMC9317327 DOI: 10.3390/md20070459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemocyanins present in the hemolymph of invertebrates are multifunctional proteins that are responsible for oxygen transport and play crucial roles in the immune system. They have also been identified as a source of antimicrobial peptides during infection in mollusks. Hemocyanin has also been identified in the cephalopod ancestor Nautilus, but antimicrobial peptides derived from the hemocyanin of Nautilus pompilius have not been reported. Here, the bactericidal activity of six predicted peptides from N. pompilius hemocyanin and seven mutant peptides was analyzed. Among those peptides, a mutant peptide with 15 amino acids (1RVFAGFLRHGIKRSR15), NpHM4, showed relatively high antibacterial activity. NpHM4 was determined to have typical antimicrobial peptide characteristics, including a positive charge (+5.25) and a high hydrophobic residue ratio (40%), and it was predicted to form an alpha-helical structure. In addition, NpHM4 exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (MBC = 30 μM for Vibrio alginolyticus), with no cytotoxicity to mammalian cells even at a high concentration of 180 µM. Upon contact with V. alginolyticus cells, we confirmed that the bactericidal activity of NpHM4 was coupled with membrane permeabilization, which was further confirmed via ultrastructural images using a scanning electron microscope. Therefore, our study provides a rationalization for the development and optimization of antimicrobial peptide from the cephalopod ancestor Nautilus, paving the way for future novel AMP development with broad applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yuan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315604, China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kunna Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (K.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Wenbin Yuan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (K.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Fan Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (K.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (Y.B.); Tel.: +86-20-8910-2507 (F.M.)
| | - Yongbo Bao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315604, China
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (Y.B.); Tel.: +86-20-8910-2507 (F.M.)
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13
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Soto-Rodriguez SA, Lozano-Olvera R, Ramos-Clamont Montfort G, Zenteno E, Sánchez-Salgado JL, Vibanco-Pérez N, Aguilar Rendón KG. New Insights into the Mechanism of Action of PirAB from Vibrio Parahaemolyticus. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14040243. [PMID: 35448852 PMCID: PMC9030326 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14040243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PirAB toxins secreted by Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) harbor the pVA1 virulence plasmid, which causes acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), an emerging disease in Penaeid shrimp that can cause 70–100% mortality and that has resulted in great economic losses since its first appearance. The cytotoxic effect of PirABVp on the epithelial cells of the shrimp hepatopancreas (Hp) has been extensively documented. New insights into the biological role of the PirBVp subunit show that it has lectin-like activity and recognizes mucin-like O-glycosidic structures in the shrimp Hp. The search for toxin receptors can lead to a better understanding of the infection mechanisms of the pathogen and the prevention of the host disease by blocking toxin–receptor interactions using a mimetic antagonist. There is also evidence that Vp AHPND changes the community structure of the microbiota in the surrounding water, resulting in a significant reduction of several bacterial taxa, especially Neptuniibacter spp. Considering these findings, the PirABvp toxin could exhibit a dual role of damaging the shrimp Hp while killing the surrounding bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia A. Soto-Rodriguez
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad de Acuacultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos S/N A.P. 711, Mazatlán 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico; (R.L.-O.); (K.G.A.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Rodolfo Lozano-Olvera
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad de Acuacultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos S/N A.P. 711, Mazatlán 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico; (R.L.-O.); (K.G.A.R.)
| | - Gabriela Ramos-Clamont Montfort
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico;
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, Mexico City 04510, Mexico, Mexico; (E.Z.); (J.L.S.-S.)
| | - José Luis Sánchez-Salgado
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, Mexico City 04510, Mexico, Mexico; (E.Z.); (J.L.S.-S.)
| | - Norberto Vibanco-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura, Tepic 63190, Nayarit, Mexico;
| | - Karla G. Aguilar Rendón
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad de Acuacultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos S/N A.P. 711, Mazatlán 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico; (R.L.-O.); (K.G.A.R.)
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14
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Zhao X, Qiao J, Zhang P, Zhang Z, Aweya JJ, Chen X, Zhao Y, Zhang Y. Protein Diversity and Immune Specificity of Hemocyanin From Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Front Immunol 2021; 12:772091. [PMID: 34950141 PMCID: PMC8688539 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.772091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemocyanin is an important non-specific innate immune defense molecule with phenoloxidase, antiviral, antibacterial, hemolytic, and antitumor activities. To better understand the mechanism of functional diversity, proteomics approach was applied to characterize hemocyanin (HMC) expression profiles from Litopenaeus vannamei. At first, hemocyanin was purified by Sephadex G-100 and DEAE-cellulose (DE-52) columns from shrimp serum, and 34 protein spots were identified as HMC on the 2-DE gels. Furthermore, we found that 9 HMC spots about 75 or 77 kDa were regulated by Streptococcus agalactiae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection at 6, 12, and 24 h. In addition, 6 different pathogen-binding HMC fractions, viz., HMC-Mix, HMC-Vp, HMC-Va, HMC-Vf, HMC-Ec, and HMC-Sa, showed different agglutinative and antibacterial activities. Moreover, lectin-blotting analysis showed significant differences in glycosylation level among HMC isomers and bacteria-binding HMC fractions. Particularly, the agglutinative activities of the HMC fractions were almost completely abolished when HMC was deglycosylated by O-glycosidase, which suggest that O-linked sugar chains of HMC played important roles in the innate immune recognition. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that L. vannamei HMC had molecular diversity in protein level, which is closely associated with its ability to recognize diverse pathogens, whereas glycan modification probably contributed to HMC’s diversity and multiple immune activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Zhao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Zehui Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Zheng Z, Aweya JJ, Bao S, Yao D, Li S, Tran NT, Ma H, Zhang Y. The Microbial Composition of Penaeid Shrimps' Hepatopancreas Is Modulated by Hemocyanin. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:2733-2743. [PMID: 34670821 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms have to produce proteins or factors that help maintain a stable relationship with microbiota and prevent colonization by pathogenic microorganisms. In crustaceans and other aquatic invertebrates, relatively few of these host factors have been characterized. In this study, we show that the respiratory glycoprotein hemocyanin is a crucial host factor that modulates microbial composition and diversity in the hepatopancreas of penaeid shrimp. Diseased penaeid shrimp (Penaeus vannamei), had an empty gastrointestinal tract with atrophied hepatopancreas, expressed low hemocyanin, and high total bacterial abundance, with Vibrio as the dominant bacteria. Similarly, shrimp depleted of hemocyanin had mitochondrial depolarization, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and dysregulation of several energy metabolism-related genes. Hemocyanin silencing together with ROS scavenger (N-acetylcysteine) treatment improved microbial diversity and decreased Vibrio dominance in the hepatopancreas. However, fecal microbiota transplantation after hemocyanin knockdown could not restore the microbial composition in the hepatopancreas. Collectively, our data provide, to our knowledge, new insight into the pivotal role of hemocyanin in modulating microbial composition in penaeid shrimp hepatopancreas via its effect on mitochondrial integrity, energy metabolism, and ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China; .,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Shiyuan Bao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Defu Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Ngoc Tuan Tran
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Hongyu Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China; .,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Zhou H, Chen X, Aweya JJ, Zhao Y, Yao D, Zhang Y. Interaction of Penaeus vannamei hemocyanin and α2-macroglobulin modulates the phenoloxidase activity. Mol Immunol 2021; 138:181-187. [PMID: 34450346 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Prophenoloxidase (proPO)-activating system is a critical innate immune defense in invertebrates. However, the mechanisms involved in regulating the phenoloxidase (PO) activity in shrimp hemolymph remain ill-defined. Our previous studies showed that Penaeus vannamei hemocyanin (HMC) and α2-macroglobulin (α2M), two key regulators of proPO-activating system in plasma, might interact with each other, indicating that this interaction could be implicated in controlling PO activity. Herein, we further confirmed that HMC specifically bind to α2M using Pull down and Far-Western blot analyses. Further studies demonstrated that HMC could directly interact with the receptor binding domain of α2M. In addition, HMC and α2M followed similar expression pattern upon Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection, suggesting the interaction of HMC and α2M might have a role in immune response. Finally, we found that α2M, as a broad-spectrum proteinase inhibitor, suppressed the serum PO activity in vitro, while hemocyanin could partially restore this inhibitory effect. In sum, the present data indicate that HMC interacts with α2M and therefore modulates the PO activity. This finding contributes to better understanding of stable state maintenance of PO activity in shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Xibin Chen
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhao
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 511458, China.
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17
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Zhang Z, Aweya JJ, Yao D, Zheng Z, Tran NT, Li S, Zhang Y. Ubiquitination as an Important Host-Immune Response Strategy in Penaeid Shrimp: Inferences From Other Species. Front Immunol 2021; 12:697397. [PMID: 34122458 PMCID: PMC8191737 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.697397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Shrimp aquaculture is an essential economic venture globally, but the industry faces numerous challenges, especially pathogenic infections. As invertebrates, shrimp rely mainly on their innate immune system for protection. An increasing number of studies have shown that ubiquitination plays a vital role in the innate immune response to microbial pathogens. As an important form of posttranslational modification (PTM), both hosts and pathogens have exploited ubiquitination and the ubiquitin system as an immune response strategy to outwit the other. This short review brings together recent findings on ubiquitination and how this PTM plays a critical role in immune modulation in penaeid shrimps. Key findings inferred from other species would help guide further studies on ubiquitination as an immune response strategy in shrimp-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxue Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Ngoc Tuan Tran
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Purification, characterization and biological functions of metalloprotein isolated from haemolymph of mud crab Scylla serrata (Forskal, 1775). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:3901-3908. [PMID: 32889000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, an enormous number of naturally occurring biological macromolecules has been reported worldwide due to its antibacterial and anticancerous potential. Among them, in this study, the copper containing respiratory protein namely haemocyanin (HC) was isolated from the haemolymph of mud crab Scylla serrata. The isolated metalloprotein HC was purified using Sepharose column by gel filtration chromatography. The purified HC was separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and molecular weight of the protein was identified as 95 kDa. Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectral data revealed the presence of amino acid constituents. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis based mass ion search exposed that the purified protein was HC. HC exhibited an in vitro bacteriostatic effects against the bacterial pathogens and also elevated ROS levels in the treated samples. The half maximal (50%) inhibitory concentration (IC50) of HC was found to be 80 μg/mL against lung cancer cells (A549). Our study collectively addressed the potential antibacterial and anti-cancerous activity of HC. The results obtained from this study suggest that HC can be used for therapeutical application in the near future.
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19
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Dolashka P, Daskalova A, Dolashki A, Voelter W. De Novo Structural Determination of the Oligosaccharide Structure of Hemocyanins from Molluscs. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111470. [PMID: 33105875 PMCID: PMC7690630 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have shown that glycosylation of proteins plays diverse functions in the lives of organisms, has crucial biological and physiological roles in pathogen–host interactions, and is involved in a large number of biological events in the immune system, and in virus and bacteria recognition. The large amount of scientific interest in glycoproteins of molluscan hemocyanins is due not only to their complex quaternary structures, but also to the great diversity of their oligosaccharide structures with a high carbohydrate content (2–9%). This great variety is due to their specific monosaccharide composition and different side chain composition. The determination of glycans and glycopeptides was performed with the most commonly used methods for the analysis of biomolecules, including peptides and proteins, including Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation–Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF-TOF), Liquid Chromatography - Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS), Liquid Chromatography (LC-Q-trap-MS/MS) or Nano- Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (nano-ESI-MS) and others. The molluscan hemocyanins have complex carbohydrate structures with predominant N-linked glycans. Of interest are identified structures with methylated hexoses and xyloses arranged at different positions in the carbohydrate moieties of molluscan hemocyanins. Novel acidic glycan structures with specific glycosylation positions, e.g., hemocyanins that enable a deeper insight into the glycosylation process, were observed in Rapana venosa, Helix lucorum, and Haliotis tuberculata. Recent studies demonstrate that glycosylation plays a crucial physiological role in the immunostimulatory and therapeutic effect of glycoproteins. The remarkable diversity of hemocyanin glycan content is an important feature of their immune function and provides a new concept in the antibody–antigen interaction through clustered carbohydrate epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlina Dolashka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria or (A.D.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.:+359-887193423
| | - Asya Daskalova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria or (A.D.); (A.D.)
| | - Aleksandar Dolashki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria or (A.D.); (A.D.)
| | - Wolfgang Voelter
- Interfacultary Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tuebingen, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany;
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20
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Ishwarya R, Iswarya A, Thangaviji V, Sivakamavalli J, Esteban MA, Thangaraj MP, Vaseeharan B. Immunological and antibiofilm property of haemocyanin purified from grooved tiger shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus): An in vitro and in silico approach. Microb Pathog 2020; 147:104253. [PMID: 32592822 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Haemocyanin (Hc) is a non-specific innate immune protein present in the haemolymph of arthropods and molluscs. In the current study, we characterized the structural and immunological properties of Hc from grooved tiger shrimp, Penaeus semisulcatus. Hc was isolated from the haemolymph of P. semisulcatus by gel filtration column chromatography using Sephadex G-100. High-performance liquid chromatography of the purified Hc emerged as a single peak through a retention time of 3.3 min demonstrating the homogeneity nature of the protein. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a distinct peak at 31.7° indicating the crystalline character of the purified Hc. Circular dichroism spectra of the purified Hc displayed negative ellipticity bands close to 225 nm and 208 nm representing β-sheet secondary structure. The purified Hc agglutinated sheep RBCs, yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and fungal Candida albicans. In addition, the purified Hc displayed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus pumilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus) with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 50 μg/ml. Antibiofilm activity revealed the potential of purified Hc to inhibit biofilm formation of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Furthermore, live/dead staining of biofilms demonstrated the reduced viability of bacterial cells after exposure to the purified Hc. In silico molecular modeling was carried out using the sequence of Hc from SwissProt and molecular docking was performed with the cell surface components found in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Overall our study demonstrates the involvement of Hc in the native immune reaction of P. semisulcatus by eliciting pathogen recognition. Thus, Hc could enhance disease resistance against pathogenic infection in shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Ishwarya
- Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Arokiadas Iswarya
- Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Vijayaragavan Thangaviji
- Centre for Animal Science Research and Extension Services, Foundation for Innovative Research in Science and Technology, Kelavannanvilai, NGO Colony Road, Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jayachandran Sivakamavalli
- Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Maria Angeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Merlin P Thangaraj
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N5E5, Canada.
| | - Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
- Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India.
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21
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Zhang Z, Yao D, Yang P, Zheng Z, Aweya JJ, Lun J, Ma H, Zhang Y. Nuclear receptor E75 is a transcription suppressor of the Litopenaeus vannamei small subunit hemocyanin gene. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 107:103662. [PMID: 32122820 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hemocyanin is a respiratory protein that possesses multiple physiological and immunological functions in shrimp. However, the transcriptional regulation of the hemocyanin gene is still poorly understood. Here, the nuclear receptor E75 of Litopenaeus vannamei (LvE75) was identified as one of the transcriptional regulators that modulates the transcription of the small molecular weight hemocyanin gene of L. vannamei (LvHMCs) by inhibiting its core promoter activity in a Dual-luciferase assay. In silico analysis revealed that the core promoter (designated HsP3), which is located at +1517/+1849 bp of LvHMCs contained a putative E75 binding motif ("ACGGAAT", spanning +1812/+1818 bp). Further, LvE75 was shown to inhibit the core promoter activity by direct binding. Importantly, in vivo silencing of LvE75 resulted in a significant upregulation in the mRNA and protein expression of LvHMCs gene. Taken together, our present results provide direct evidence that LvE75 is a transcriptional suppressor of the LvHMCs gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxue Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Peikui Yang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, 521041, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jingsheng Lun
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Hongyu Ma
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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22
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Monteiro ML, Lima DB, Menezes RRPPBD, Sampaio TL, Silva BP, Serra Nunes JV, Cavalcanti MM, Morlighem JE, Martins AMC. Antichagasic effect of hemocyanin derived from antimicrobial peptides of penaeus monodon shrimp. Exp Parasitol 2020; 215:107930. [PMID: 32464221 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease, is responsible for the infection of millions of people worldwide and it is a public health problem, without an effective cure. Four fragments with antimicrobial potential from the hemocyanin of Penaeus monodon shrimp were identified using a computer software AMPA. The present study aimed to evaluate the antichagasic effect of these four peptides (Hmc364-382, Hmc666-678, Hmc185-197 and Hmc476-498). The peptides were tested against the epimastigote, trypomastigote and amastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi Y strain (benznidazole-resistant strain) and cytotoxicity in mammalian cells was evaluated against LLC-MK2 lineage cells. Two fragments (Hmc364-382, Hmc666-678) showed activity against the epimastigote and trypomastigote forms and their selectivity index (SI) was calculated. The Hmc364-382 peptide was considered the most promising (SI > 50) one and it was used for further studies, using flow cytometry analyses with specific molecular probes and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hmc364-382 was able to induce cell death in T. cruzi through necrosis, observed by loss of membrane integrity in flow cytometry analyses and pore formation in SEM. Overall, Hmc364-382 open perspectives to the development of new antichagasic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Lopes Monteiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Dânya Bandeira Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Tiago Lima Sampaio
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Brenna Pinheiro Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - João Victor Serra Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Mariana Maciel Cavalcanti
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jean-Etienne Morlighem
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alice Maria Costa Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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23
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Abstract
The copper-containing hemocyanins are proteins responsible for the binding, transportation and storage of dioxygen within the blood (hemolymph) of many invertebrates. Several additional functions have been attributed to both arthropod and molluscan hemocyanins, including (but not limited to) enzymatic activity (namely phenoloxidase), hormone transport, homeostasis (ecdysis) and hemostasis (clot formation). An important secondary function of hemocyanin involves aspects of innate immunity-such as acting as a precursor of broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides and microbial/viral agglutination. In this chapter, we present the reader with an up-to-date synthesis of the known functions of hemocyanins and the structural features that facilitate such activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Coates
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, SA2 8PP, UK.
| | - Elisa M Costa-Paiva
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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24
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Pan L, Zhang X, Yang L, Pan S. Effects of Vibro harveyi and Staphyloccocus aureus infection on hemocyanin synthesis and innate immune responses in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:659-668. [PMID: 31419533 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hemocyanin, a multifunctional oxygen-carrying protein, has critical effects on immune defense in crustaceans. To explore the role of hemocyanin in anti-pathogen mechanism, effects of Vibrio harveyi (V. harvey) and Staphyloccocus aureus (S. aureus) on hemocyanin synthesis and innate immune responses were investigated in Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei) during infection in vivo. Results showed that 105 and 106 cells mL-1V. harveyi and 106 cells mL-1S. aureus significantly affected plasma hemocyanin concentration, hepatopancreas hemocyanin mRNA and subunits expressions, plasma phenol oxidase (PO), hemocyanin-derived PO (Hd-PO), antibacterial, and bacteriolytic activities during the experiment under bacterial stress, while these parameters did not change remarkably in control group. The concentration of hemocyanin in plasma fluctuated, with a minimum at 12 h and a maximum at 24 h. Moreover, the expression of hemocyanin mRNA peaked at 12 h, while the level of hemocyanin p75 and p77 subunits reached maximum at 24 h. Besides, plasma PO and Hd-PO activities peaked at 24 h, and antimicrobial and bacteriolytic activities peaked at 12 h and 24 h, respectively. In addition, 105 cells mL-1S. aureus had no significant effect on the synthesis of hemocyanin and prophenoloxidase activating (pro-PO) system, but significantly increased antimicrobial activity at 12 h and bacteriolytic activity at 24 h. Therefore, these results suggest that the hemocyanin synthesis was initiated after invasion of pathogen, and the newly synthesized hemocyanin, acted as an immune molecule, can exerts PO activity to regulate the immune defense in L. vannamei in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Liubing Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Shanshan Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
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25
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Kizheva YK, Rasheva IK, Petrova MN, Milosheva-Ivanova AV, Velkova LG, Dolashka PA, Dolashki AK, Hristova PK. Antibacterial activity of crab haemocyanin against clinical pathogens. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1626283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yoana Krasimirova Kizheva
- Department of General and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St Kliment Ohridski,” Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iliyana Kirilova Rasheva
- Department of General and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St Kliment Ohridski,” Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Nikolova Petrova
- Department of General and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St Kliment Ohridski,” Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anna Vasileva Milosheva-Ivanova
- Department of General and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St Kliment Ohridski,” Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lyudmila Georgieva Velkova
- Laboratory “Chemistry and Biophysics of Proteins and Enzymes,” Institute of Organic Chemistry with Center of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Pavlina Aleksandrova Dolashka
- Laboratory “Chemistry and Biophysics of Proteins and Enzymes,” Institute of Organic Chemistry with Center of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Aleksandar Konstantinov Dolashki
- Laboratory “Chemistry and Biophysics of Proteins and Enzymes,” Institute of Organic Chemistry with Center of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Petya Koicheva Hristova
- Department of General and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St Kliment Ohridski,” Sofia, Bulgaria
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26
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Zhang Z, Li R, Aweya JJ, Wang F, Zhong M, Zhang Y. Identification and characterization of glycosylation sites on Litopenaeus vannamei hemocyanin. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:820-830. [PMID: 30901486 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The respiratory glycoprotein hemocyanin has been implicated in immune-related functions. Using lectin blotting, we show that the binding of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) hemocyanin to concanavalin A decreases markedly with O-glycosidase treatment but not with PNGase F. Twelve O-glycosylation sites, three on the large hemocyanin subunit and nine on the small hemocyanin subunit (HMCs), were identified by LC-MS/MS. Importantly, when the glycosylation sites at Thr-537, Ser-539, and Thr-542 on the C terminus of HMCs were replaced with alanine, the resultant mutant hemocyanin had reduced carbohydrate content, coupled with a fourfold reduction in bacterial agglutination and 0.2-fold reduction in antibacterial activities toward Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus. These results suggest that the glycosylation sites on shrimp hemocyanin are closely related to its immunological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Zhang
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, China
| | - Ruiwei Li
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, China
| | - Mingqi Zhong
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, China
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27
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Yang P, Yao D, Aweya JJ, Wang F, Ning P, Li S, Ma H, Zhang Y. c-Jun regulates the promoter of small subunit hemocyanin gene of Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:639-647. [PMID: 30366093 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hemocyanin (HMC) is a respiratory glycoprotein, which also plays multifunctional non-specific innate immune defense functions in shrimp. However, the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of the hemocyanin gene expression have not been reported. In the present study, we cloned a 4324 bp fragment of small subunit hemocyanin (HMCs) gene of Litopenaeus vannamei including the 5'-flanking region, from upstream 2475 bp to downstream 1849 bp (exon 1-intron 1-exon 2) by genome walking method. Four deletion constructs were then generated and their promoter activity assessed using the luciferase reporter system. Interestingly, we identified an alternative promoter (+1516/+1849 bp) located in exon 2, which has stronger promoter activity than the full-length or the other constructs. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that the alternative promoter region contains two conserved binding sites of the transcription factor c-Jun. Mutational analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that Litopenaeus vannamei c-Jun (Lvc-Jun) binds to the region +1582/+1589 bp and +1831/+1837 bp of the alternative promoter. Furthermore, overexpression of Lvc-Jun significantly increased the alternative promoter activity, while co-transfection with dsRNA-Lvc-Jun significantly reduced the alternative promoter activity of HMCs. Taken together, our present data indicate that the transcription factor Lvc-Jun is essential for the transcriptional regulation of the HMCs gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peikui Yang
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, 521041, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Pei Ning
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Hongyu Ma
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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28
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Seafood allergy: A comprehensive review of fish and shellfish allergens. Mol Immunol 2018; 100:28-57. [PMID: 29858102 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Seafood refers to several distinct groups of edible aquatic animals including fish, crustacean, and mollusc. The two invertebrate groups of crustacean and mollusc are, for culinary reasons, often combined as shellfish but belong to two very different phyla. The evolutionary and taxonomic diversity of the various consumed seafood species poses a challenge in the identification and characterisation of the major and minor allergens critical for reliable diagnostics and therapeutic treatments. Many allergenic proteins are very different between these groups; however, some pan-allergens, including parvalbumin, tropomyosin and arginine kinase, seem to induce immunological and clinical cross-reactivity. This extensive review details the advances in the bio-molecular characterisation of 20 allergenic proteins within the three distinct seafood groups; fish, crustacean and molluscs. Furthermore, the structural and biochemical properties of the major allergens are described to highlight the immunological and subsequent clinical cross-reactivities. A comprehensive list of purified and recombinant allergens is provided, and the applications of component-resolved diagnostics and current therapeutic developments are discussed.
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29
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Qin Z, Babu VS, Wan Q, Muhammad A, Li J, Lan J, Lin L. Antibacterial activity of hemocyanin from red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 75:391-399. [PMID: 29427719 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hemocyanins (HMC): the copper-containing respiratory proteins present in invertebrate hemolymph, which plays many essential roles in the immune system. Currently, little is known about the HMC domains of Procambarus clarkii (P. clarkii) and their function in antimicrobial immune response. In this present study, we comparatively studied the expression pattern of native PcHMC with the three recombinant proteins of variable domains of crayfish hemocyanin (PcHMC-N, N-terminal domain of hemocyanin; PcHMC-T, tyrosinase domain of hemocyanin; PcHMC-C, C-terminal domain of hemocyanin). The results showed that three purified recombinant proteins had a strong binding to various bacteria and lipopolysaccharides that further highly agglutinated. The HMCs recombinant proteins showed strong antibacterial activity against V. parahaemolyticus and S. aureus by bacterial growth inhibition, phenoloxidase (PO) and phagocytosis assays. Specifically, rPcHMC1-T and rPcHMC1-C inhibited both the bacteria efficiently, rPcHMC1-T was highly upregulated the PO activity than the other recombinant proteins. Whereas, recombinant proteins pretreated crayfish hemocytes participated in phagocytosis activity, rPcHMC1-N and rPcHMC1-C proteins had a profound effect than the rPcHMC1-T on S. aureus and V. parahaemolyticus phagocytosis. The crayfish hemocyanin domains clearly exhibited antibacterial and phagocytic activities against both the bacteria, suggesting that its variable domains of hemocyanin have the different function on specific pathogen during the assault of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Qin
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - V Sarath Babu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Quanyuan Wan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Asim Muhammad
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Jun Li
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Biological Sciences, Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste. Marie, MI 49783, USA
| | - Jiangfeng Lan
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Li Lin
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.
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