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Nepal MR, Shah S, Kang KT. Dual roles of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in various diseases: a review. Arch Pharm Res 2024:10.1007/s12272-024-01504-2. [PMID: 39008186 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-024-01504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of cells that originate from bone marrow stem cells. In pathological conditions, such as autoimmune disorders, allergies, infections, and cancer, normal myelopoiesis is altered to facilitate the formation of MDSCs. MDSCs were first shown to promote cancer initiation and progression by immunosuppression with the assistance of various chemokines and cytokines. Recently, various studies have demonstrated that MDSCs play two distinct roles depending on the physiological and pathological conditions. MDSCs have protective roles in autoimmune disorders (such as uveoretinitis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, type 1 diabetes, autoimmune hepatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, alopecia areata, and systemic lupus erythematosus), allergies, and organ transplantation. However, they play negative roles in infections and various cancers. Several immunosuppressive functions and mechanisms of MDSCs have been determined in different disease conditions. This review comprehensively discusses the associations between MDSCs and various pathological conditions and briefly describes therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Raj Nepal
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sajita Shah
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kyu-Tae Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Hu Y, Zhang R, Li J, Wang H, Wang M, Ren Q, Fang Y, Tian L. Association Between Gut and Nasal Microbiota and Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review. J Asthma Allergy 2024; 17:633-651. [PMID: 39006241 PMCID: PMC11246088 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s472632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis is a chronic non-infectious inflammation of the nasal mucosa mediated by specific IgE. Recently, the human microbiome has drawn broad interest as a potential new target for treating this condition. This paper succinctly summarizes the main findings of 17 eligible studies published by February 2024, involving 1044 allergic rhinitis patients and 954 healthy controls from 5 countries. These studies examine differences in the human microbiome across important mucosal interfaces, including the nasal and intestinal areas, between patients and controls. Overall, findings suggest variations in the gut microbiota between allergic rhinitis patients and healthy individuals, although the specific bacterial taxa that significantly changed were not always consistent across studies. Due to the limited scope of existing research and patient coverage, the relationship between the nasal microbiome and allergic rhinitis remains inconclusive. The article discusses the potential immune-regulating role of the gut microbiome in allergic rhinitis. Further well-designed clinical trials with large-scale recruitment of allergic rhinitis patients are encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Hu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junjie Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Wang
- Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiya Wang
- Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuyi Ren
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yueqi Fang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Tian
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
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Kang Q, Jia J, Dean ED, Yuan H, Dai C, Li Z, Jiang F, Zhang XK, Powers AC, Chen W, Li M. ErbB3 is required for hyperaminoacidemia-induced pancreatic α cell hyperplasia. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107499. [PMID: 38944125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood amino acid levels are maintained in a narrow physiological range. The pancreatic α cells have emerged as the primary aminoacidemia regulator through glucagon secretion to promote hepatic amino acid catabolism. Interruption of glucagon signaling disrupts the liver-α cells axis leading to hyperaminoacidemia, which triggers a compensatory rise in glucagon secretion and α cell hyperplasia. The mechanisms of hyperaminoacidemia-induced α cell hyperplasia remain incompletely understood. Using a mouse α cell line and in vivo studies in zebrafish and mice, we found that hyperaminoacidemia-induced α cell hyperplasia requires ErbB3 signaling. In addition to mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1, another ErbB3 downstream effector signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 also plays a role in α cell hyperplasia. Mechanistically, ErbB3 may partner with ErbB2 to stimulate cyclin D2 and suppress p27 via mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Our study identifies ErbB3 as a new regulator for hyperaminoacidemia-induced α cell proliferation and a critical component of the liver-α cells axis that regulates aminoacidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Kang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianxin Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - E Danielle Dean
- Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Hang Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chunhua Dai
- Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Zhehui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fuquan Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Kun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Alvin C Powers
- Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wenbiao Chen
- Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
| | - Mingyu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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4
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Ildarabadi A, Mir Mohammad Ali SN, Rahmani F, Mosavari N, Pourbakhtyaran E, Rezaei N. Inflammation and oxidative stress in epileptic children: from molecular mechanisms to clinical application of ketogenic diet. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:473-488. [PMID: 38347675 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Childhood epilepsy affects up to 1 % of children. It has been shown that 30 % of patients are resistant to drug treatments, making further investigation of other potential treatment strategies necessary. One such approach is the ketogenic diet (KD) showing promising results and potential benefits beyond the use of current antiepileptic drugs. This study aims to investigate the effects of KD on inflammation and oxidative stress, as one of the main suggested mechanisms of neuroprotection, in children with epilepsy. This narrative review was conducted using the Medline and Google Scholar databases, and by searching epilepsy, drug-resistant epilepsy, child, children, ketogenic, ketogenic diet, diet, ketogenic, keto, ketone bodies (BHB), PUFA, gut microbiota, inflammation, inflammation mediators, neurogenic inflammation, neuroinflammation, inflammatory marker, adenosine modulation, mitochondrial function, MTOR pathway, Nrf2 pathway, mitochondrial dysfunction, PPARɣ, oxidative stress, ROS/RNS, and stress oxidative as keywords. Compelling evidence underscores inflammation and oxidative stress as pivotal factors in epilepsy, even in cases with genetic origins. The ketogenic diet effectively addresses these factors by reducing ROS and RNS, enhancing antioxidant defenses, improving mitochondrial function, and regulating inflammatory genes. Additionally, KD curbs pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production by dampening NF-κB activation, inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome, increasing brain adenosine levels, mTOR pathway inhibition, upregulating PPARɣ expression, and promoting a healthy gut microbiota while emphasizing the consumption of healthy fats. KD could be considered a promising therapeutic intervention in patients with epilepsy particularly in drug-resistant epilepsy cases, due to its targeted approach addressing oxidative stress and inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Ildarabadi
- Department of Nutrition Science, Science and Research Branch, Faculty of Medical Science and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Shodada Hesarak Blvd, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Dr. Qarib St, Tehran 1419733151, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Nooshan Mir Mohammad Ali
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Dr. Qarib St, Tehran 1419733151, Iran
- Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | - Fatemeh Rahmani
- Department of Nutrition Science, Science and Research Branch, Faculty of Medical Science and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Shodada Hesarak Blvd, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Dr. Qarib St, Tehran 1419733151, Iran
| | - Narjes Mosavari
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Dr. Qarib St, Tehran 1419733151, Iran
| | - Elham Pourbakhtyaran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Dr. Qarib St, Tehran 1419733151, Iran
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Qarib St, Tehran 1419733151, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Dr. Qarib St, Tehran 1419733151, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Qarib St, Tehran 1419733151, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Pour Sina St, Tehran 1461884513, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center Hospital, Dr. Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran 14194, Iran
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5
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Genito CJ, Darwitz BP, Reber CP, Moorman NJ, Graves CL, Monteith AJ, Thurlow LR. mTOR signaling is required for phagocyte free radical production, GLUT1 expression, and control of Staphylococcus aureus infection. mBio 2024; 15:e0086224. [PMID: 38767353 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00862-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulator of metabolism in the mammalian cell. Here, we show the essential role for mTOR signaling in the immune response to bacterial infection. Inhibition of mTOR during infection with Staphylococcus aureus revealed that mTOR signaling is required for bactericidal free radical production by phagocytes. Mechanistically, mTOR supported glucose transporter GLUT1 expression, potentially through hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, upon phagocyte activation. Cytokine and chemokine signaling, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and p65 nuclear translocation were present at similar levels during mTOR suppression, suggesting an NF-κB-independent role for mTOR signaling in the immune response during bacterial infection. We propose that mTOR signaling primarily mediates the metabolic requirements necessary for phagocyte bactericidal free radical production. This study has important implications for the metabolic requirements of innate immune cells during bacterial infection as well as the clinical use of mTOR inhibitors.IMPORTANCESirolimus, everolimus, temsirolimus, and similar are a class of pharmaceutics commonly used in the clinical treatment of cancer and the anti-rejection of transplanted organs. Each of these agents suppresses the activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a master regulator of metabolism in human cells. Activation of mTOR is also involved in the immune response to bacterial infection, and treatments that inhibit mTOR are associated with increased susceptibility to bacterial infections in the skin and soft tissue. Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus are among the most common and severe. Our study shows that this susceptibility to S. aureus infection during mTOR suppression is due to an impaired function of phagocytic immune cells responsible for controlling bacterial infections. Specifically, we observed that mTOR activity is required for phagocytes to produce antimicrobial free radicals. These results have important implications for immune responses during clinical treatments and in disease states where mTOR is suppressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Genito
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Benjamin P Darwitz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Callista P Reber
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nathaniel J Moorman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christina L Graves
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Andrew J Monteith
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lance R Thurlow
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Mulè MP, Martins AJ, Cheung F, Farmer R, Sellers BA, Quiel JA, Jain A, Kotliarov Y, Bansal N, Chen J, Schwartzberg PL, Tsang JS. Integrating population and single-cell variations in vaccine responses identifies a naturally adjuvanted human immune setpoint. Immunity 2024; 57:1160-1176.e7. [PMID: 38697118 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Multimodal single-cell profiling methods can capture immune cell variations unfolding over time at the molecular, cellular, and population levels. Transforming these data into biological insights remains challenging. Here, we introduce a framework to integrate variations at the human population and single-cell levels in vaccination responses. Comparing responses following AS03-adjuvanted versus unadjuvanted influenza vaccines with CITE-seq revealed AS03-specific early (day 1) response phenotypes, including a B cell signature of elevated germinal center competition. A correlated network of cell-type-specific transcriptional states defined the baseline immune status associated with high antibody responders to the unadjuvanted vaccine. Certain innate subsets in the network appeared "naturally adjuvanted," with transcriptional states resembling those induced uniquely by AS03-adjuvanted vaccination. Consistently, CD14+ monocytes from high responders at baseline had elevated phospho-signaling responses to lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Our findings link baseline immune setpoints to early vaccine responses, with positive implications for adjuvant development and immune response engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Mulè
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; NIH-Oxford-Cambridge Scholars Program, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew J Martins
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Foo Cheung
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rohit Farmer
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian A Sellers
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan A Quiel
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arjun Jain
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yuri Kotliarov
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neha Bansal
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jinguo Chen
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pamela L Schwartzberg
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John S Tsang
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Yurakova TR, Gorshkova EA, Nosenko MA, Drutskaya MS. Metabolic Adaptations and Functional Activity of Macrophages in Homeostasis and Inflammation. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:817-838. [PMID: 38880644 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924050043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the role of cellular metabolism in immunity has come into the focus of many studies. These processes form a basis for the maintenance of tissue integrity and homeostasis, as well as represent an integral part of the immune response, in particular, inflammation. Metabolic adaptations not only ensure energy supply for immune response, but also affect the functions of immune cells by controlling transcriptional and post-transcriptional programs. Studying the immune cell metabolism facilitates the search for new treatment approaches, especially for metabolic disorders. Macrophages, innate immune cells, are characterized by a high functional plasticity and play a key role in homeostasis and inflammation. Depending on the phenotype and origin, they can either perform various regulatory functions or promote inflammation state, thus exacerbating the pathological condition. Furthermore, their adaptations to the tissue-specific microenvironment influence the intensity and type of immune response. The review examines the effect of metabolic reprogramming in macrophages on the functional activity of these cells and their polarization. The role of immunometabolic adaptations of myeloid cells in tissue homeostasis and in various pathological processes in the context of inflammatory and metabolic diseases is specifically discussed. Finally, modulation of the macrophage metabolism-related mechanisms reviewed as a potential therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisiya R Yurakova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Gorshkova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Maxim A Nosenko
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02F306, Ireland
| | - Marina S Drutskaya
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Division of Immunobiology and Biomedicine, Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Federal Territory Sirius, 354340, Russia
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Chen Z, Feng L, Wu P, Jiang WD, Jiang J, Zhou XQ, Liu Y. From growth promotion to intestinal inflammation alleviation: Unraveling the potential role of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCC-3 in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 148:109511. [PMID: 38499215 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Lactobacillus rhamnosus is a probiotic, which not only promotes the growth of animals, but also has anti-inflammatory effects. However, the mechanism by which Lactobacillus rhamnosus regulates intestinal immunity is not well comprehended. Hence, the study aimed to research how Lactobacillus rhamnosus affects the intestinal immunity using juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) as a model. We selected 1800 juvenile grass carp for testing. They were divided into six treatments and fed with six gradients of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCC-3 (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 g/kg) for 70 days. Enteritis was subsequently induced with dextroside sodium sulfate. Results indicated that dietary Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCC-3 addition improved growth performance. Meanwhile, appropriate levels of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCC-3 alleviated excessive inflammatory response by down-regulating the expression of TLR4 and NOD receptors, up-regulating the expression of TOR, and then down-regulating the expression of NF-κB. Additionally, appropriate Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCC-3 improved intestinal immunity by reducing pyroptosis triggered by NLRP3 inflammasome and mediated by GSDME. Furthermore, 16 S rRNA sequencing showing appropriate levels of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCC-3 increased Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium abundance and decreased Aeromonas abundance. These results suggest that Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCC-3 can alleviate intestinal inflammation through down-regulating NF-κB and up-regulating TOR signaling pathways, as well as by inhibiting pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China.
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Baghdadi M, Nespital T, Monzó C, Deelen J, Grönke S, Partridge L. Intermittent rapamycin feeding recapitulates some effects of continuous treatment while maintaining lifespan extension. Mol Metab 2024; 81:101902. [PMID: 38360109 PMCID: PMC10900781 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rapamycin, a powerful geroprotective drug, can have detrimental effects when administered chronically. We determined whether intermittent treatment of mice can reduce negative effects while maintaining benefits of chronic treatment. METHODS From 6 months of age, male and female C3B6F1 hybrid mice were either continuously fed with 42 mg/kg rapamycin, or intermittently fed by alternating weekly feeding of 42 mg/kg rapamycin food with weekly control feeding. Survival of these mice compared to control animals was measured. Furthermore, longitudinal phenotyping including metabolic (body composition, GTT, ITT, indirect calorimetry) and fitness phenotypes (treadmil, rotarod, electrocardiography and open field) was performed. Organ specific pathology was assessed at 24 months of age. RESULTS Chronic rapamycin treatment induced glucose intolerance, which was partially ameliorated by intermittent treatment. Chronic and intermittent rapamycin treatments increased lifespan equally in males, while in females chronic treatment resulted in slightly higher survival. The two treatments had equivalent effects on testicular degeneration, heart fibrosis and liver lipidosis. In males, the two treatment regimes led to a similar increase in motor coordination, heart rate and Q-T interval, and reduction in spleen weight, while in females, they equally reduced BAT inflammation and spleen weight and maintained heart rate and Q-T interval. However, other health parameters, including age related pathologies, were better prevented by continuous treatment. CONCLUSIONS Intermittent rapamycin treatment is effective in prolonging lifespan and reduces some side-effects of chronic treatment, but chronic treatment is more beneficial to healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarouf Baghdadi
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tobias Nespital
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carolina Monzó
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, Spanish National Research Council, Catedràtic Agustín Escardino Benlloch, Paterna, Spain
| | - Joris Deelen
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany; Institute of Healthy Ageing and Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK.
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10
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Hamadi N, Al-Salam S, Beegam S, Zaaba NE, Elzaki O, Nemmar A. Impact of prolonged exposure to occasional and regular waterpipe smoke on cardiac injury, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in male mice. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1286366. [PMID: 38370014 PMCID: PMC10869456 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1286366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Regular waterpipe smoking (Reg-WPS) is well recognized for its deleterious effect on the heart. However, there is a paucity of experimental studies on the impact of occasional waterpipe smoking (Occ-WPS), also known as nondaily smoking, versus Reg-WPS on cardiac homeostasis, and the mechanisms underlying these effects. Hence, we aimed, in the present study, to investigate the effect of Occ-WPS (30 min/day, 1 day/week) versus Reg-WPS (30 min/day, 5 days/week) for 6 months on systolic blood pressure (SBP), cardiac injury, oxidative markers, chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, DNA damage and mitochondrial function compared with air (control) exposed mice. Our results show that SBP was increased following exposure to either Occ-WPS or Reg-WPS compared with air-exposed mice. Moreover, we found that only Reg-WPS induced a significant elevation in the levels of troponin I, brain natriuretic peptide, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine phosphokinase. However, the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was significantly increased in both Occ-WPS and Reg-WPS groups. Compared with air-exposed mice, the levels of lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were only significantly augmented in the Reg-WPS. However, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and CXCL1 were significantly increased in both Occ-WPS and Reg-WPS. The concentrations of the adhesion molecules E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were solely elevated in the heart of mice exposed to Reg-WPS. Similarly, the concentrations of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor α were only significantly augmented in the Reg-WPS. However, both Occ-WPS and Reg-WPS triggered significant augmentation in the levels of IL17 and DNA damage compared to the control groups. Furthermore, while Occ-WPS induced a slight but statistically insignificant elevation in the concentrations of mammalian targets of rapamycin and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) expression, Reg-WPS exposure increased their levels substantially, in addition to p53 and mitochondrial complexes II & III, and IV activities compared with air-exposed mice. In conclusion, our findings show that while the long-term Occ-WPS exposure induced an elevation of SBP, ANP, antioxidant enzymes, IL17, CXCL1, and cardiac DNA damage, Reg-WPS exposure was consistently associated with the elevation of SBP and occurrence of cardiac damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naserddine Hamadi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Suhail Al-Salam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sumaya Beegam
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nur Elena Zaaba
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ozaz Elzaki
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abderrahim Nemmar
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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11
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Sahni A, Alsing J, Narra HP, Montini M, Zafar Y, Sahni SK. Endothelial Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Activation with Different Strains of R. rickettsii: Possible Role in Rickettsial Pathogenesis. Microorganisms 2024; 12:296. [PMID: 38399700 PMCID: PMC10892065 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rickettsia rickettsii is an obligate intracellular pathogen that primarily targets endothelial cells (ECs), leading to vascular inflammation and dysfunction. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates several cellular processes that directly affect host immune responses to bacterial pathogens. Here, we infected ECs with two R. rickettsii strains, avirulent (Iowa) and highly virulent Sheila Smith (SS) to identify differences in the kinetics and/or intensity of mTOR activation to establish a correlation between mTOR response and bacterial virulence. Endothelial mTOR activation with the highly virulent SS strain was significantly higher than with the avirulent Iowa strain. Similarly, there was increased LC3-II lipidation with the virulent SS strain compared with the avirulent Iowa strain of R. rickettsii. mTOR inhibitors rapamycin and Torin2 significantly increased bacterial growth and replication in the ECs, as evidenced by a more than six-fold increase in rickettsia copy numbers at 48 h post-infection. Further, the knockdown of mTOR with Raptor and Rictor siRNA resulted in a higher rickettsial copy number and the altered expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6, and IL-8. These results are the first to reveal that endothelial mTOR activation and the early induction of autophagy might be governed by bacterial virulence and have established the mTOR pathway as an important regulator of endothelial inflammation, host immunity, and microbial replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Sahni
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA; (J.A.); (H.P.N.); (M.M.); (Y.Z.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sanjeev K. Sahni
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA; (J.A.); (H.P.N.); (M.M.); (Y.Z.)
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12
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Lashgari NA, Roudsari NM, Shayan M, Eshraghi S, Momtaz S, Jamialahmadi T, Abdolghaffari AH, Sahebkar A. Spinal Muscular Atrophy Treatment: The MTOR Regulatory Intervention. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1512-1522. [PMID: 36788689 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230213114909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a hereditary disorder affecting neurons and muscles, resulting in muscle weakness and atrophy. Most SMA cases are diagnosed during infancy or early childhood, the most common inherited cause of infant mortality without treatment. Still, SMA might appear at older ages with milder symptoms. SMA patients demonstrate progressive muscle waste, movement problems, tremors, dysphagia, bone and joint deformations, and breathing difficulties. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), the mechanistic target of rapamycin, is a member of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase family of protein kinases encoded by the mTOR gene in humans. The mTOR phosphorylation, deregulation, and autophagy have shown dissimilarity amongst SMA cell types. Therefore, exploring the underlying molecular process in SMA therapy could provide novel insights and pave the way for finding new treatment options. This paper provides new insight into the possible modulatory effect of mTOR/ autophagy in SMA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser-Aldin Lashgari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Momeni Roudsari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shayan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadaf Eshraghi
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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13
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Mangione MC, Wen J, Cao DJ. Mechanistic target of rapamycin in regulating macrophage function in inflammatory cardiovascular diseases. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 186:111-124. [PMID: 38039845 PMCID: PMC10843805 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is evolutionarily conserved from yeast to humans and is one of the most fundamental pathways of living organisms. Since its discovery three decades ago, mTOR has been recognized as the center of nutrient sensing and growth, homeostasis, metabolism, life span, and aging. The role of dysregulated mTOR in common diseases, especially cancer, has been extensively studied and reported. Emerging evidence supports that mTOR critically regulates innate immune responses that govern the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. This review discusses the regulatory role of mTOR in macrophage functions in acute inflammation triggered by ischemia and in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), in which chronic inflammation plays critical roles. Specifically, we discuss the role of mTOR in trained immunity, immune senescence, and clonal hematopoiesis. In addition, this review includes a discussion on the architecture of mTOR, the function of its regulatory complexes, and the dual-arm signals required for mTOR activation to reflect the current knowledge state. We emphasize future research directions necessary to understand better the powerful pathway to take advantage of the mTOR inhibitors for innovative applications in patients with cardiovascular diseases associated with aging and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- MariaSanta C Mangione
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jinhua Wen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dian J Cao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas TX 75216, USA.
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14
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Wang B, Martini-Stoica H, Qi C, Lu TC, Wang S, Xiong W, Qi Y, Xu Y, Sardiello M, Li H, Zheng H. TFEB-vacuolar ATPase signaling regulates lysosomal function and microglial activation in tauopathy. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:48-62. [PMID: 37985800 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01494-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor EB (TFEB) mediates gene expression through binding to the coordinated lysosome expression and regulation (CLEAR) sequence. TFEB targets include subunits of the vacuolar ATPase (v-ATPase), which are essential for lysosome acidification. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of wild-type and PS19 (Tau) transgenic mice expressing the P301S mutant tau identified three unique microglia subclusters in Tau mice that were associated with heightened lysosome and immune pathway genes. To explore the lysosome-immune relationship, we specifically disrupted the TFEB-v-ATPase signaling by creating a knock-in mouse line in which the CLEAR sequence of one of the v-ATPase subunits, Atp6v1h, was mutated. CLEAR mutant exhibited a muted response to TFEB, resulting in impaired lysosomal acidification and activity. Crossing the CLEAR mutant with Tau mice led to higher tau pathology but diminished microglia response. These microglia were enriched in a subcluster low in mTOR and HIF-1 pathways and were locked in a homeostatic state. Our studies demonstrate a physiological function of TFEB-v-ATPase signaling in maintaining lysosomal homeostasis and a critical role of the lysosome in mounting a microglia and immune response in tauopathy and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiping Wang
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heidi Martini-Stoica
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chuangye Qi
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tzu-Chiao Lu
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shuo Wang
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wen Xiong
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yanyan Qi
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yin Xu
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Marco Sardiello
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan and Jan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hongjie Li
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hui Zheng
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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15
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Wang J, Tian F, Cao L, Du R, Tong J, Ding X, Yuan Y, Wang C. Macrophage polarization in spinal cord injury repair and the possible role of microRNAs: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22914. [PMID: 38125535 PMCID: PMC10731087 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of spinal cord injury (SCI) have always posed significant medical challenges. After mechanical injury, disturbances in microcirculation, edema formation, and the generation of free radicals lead to additional damage, impeding effective repair processes and potentially exacerbating further dysfunction. In this context, inflammatory responses, especially the activation of macrophages, play a pivotal role. Different phenotypes of macrophages have distinct effects on inflammation. Activation of classical macrophage cells (M1) promotes inflammation, while activation of alternative macrophage cells (M2) inhibits inflammation. The polarization of macrophages is crucial for disease healing. A non-coding RNA, known as microRNA (miRNA), governs the polarization of macrophages, thereby reducing inflammation following SCI and facilitating functional recovery. This study elucidates the inflammatory response to SCI, focusing on the infiltration of immune cells, specifically macrophages. It examines their phenotype and provides an explanation of their polarization mechanisms. Finally, this paper introduces several well-known miRNAs that contribute to macrophage polarization following SCI, including miR-155, miR-130a, and miR-27 for M1 polarization, as well as miR-22, miR-146a, miR-21, miR-124, miR-223, miR-93, miR-132, and miR-34a for M2 polarization. The emphasis is placed on their potential therapeutic role in SCI by modulating macrophage polarization, as well as the present developments and obstacles of miRNA clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Feng Tian
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Lili Cao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruochen Du
- Experimental Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiahui Tong
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Xueting Ding
- Experimental Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Yitong Yuan
- Experimental Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
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16
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Cheng JW, Yu Y, Zong SY, Cai WW, Wang Y, Song YN, Xian H, Wei F. Berberine ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by restoring macrophage polarization via AMPK/mTORC1 pathway switching glycolytic reprogramming. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:111024. [PMID: 37827054 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunction of macrophage polarization majorly contributes to the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Polarization and functions of activated macrophages are closely associated with the reprogramming of intracellular metabolisms. Previously, we demonstrated that the anti-arthritis effect of berberine (BBR) in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) may be related to AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation (a key regulator in the biological energy metabolism), and balanced macrophage polarization. However, the specific molecular mechanism of BBR in macrophage metabolism is yet to be elucidated. In this study, we clarified that BBR ameliorated articular inflammation and restored M1/M2 ratio in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice in an AMPK-dependent manner. Mechanistically, BBR reversed the effects of mTORC1 agonist leucine (Leu) on regulating macrophage polarization through activation of AMPK to switch glycolytic reprogramming. Furthermore, BBR inhibition of mTORC1 rely on activation of AMPK to phosphorylate raptor and TSC2 instead of destroying its structure. Our study revealed that the activation of AMPK is required for the BBR-mediated anti-arthritis effect by downregulating mTORC1/HIF-1α and inhibiting the glycolysis in M1 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600, Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600, Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Shi-Ye Zong
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600, Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Wei-Wei Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600, Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600, Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China; Biochemical Engineering Center of Anhui, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Ning Song
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600, Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China; Biochemical Engineering Center of Anhui, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Hao Xian
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600, Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Fang Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600, Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China; Biochemical Engineering Center of Anhui, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
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17
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Hirasawa I, Odagiri H, Park G, Sanghavi R, Oshita T, Togi A, Yoshikawa K, Mizutani K, Takeuchi Y, Kobayashi H, Katagiri S, Iwata T, Aoki A. Anti-inflammatory effects of cold atmospheric plasma irradiation on the THP-1 human acute monocytic leukemia cell line. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292267. [PMID: 37851686 PMCID: PMC10584116 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been studied and clinically applied to treat chronic wounds, cancer, periodontitis, and other diseases. CAP exerts cytotoxic, bactericidal, cell-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects on living tissues by generating reactive species. Therefore, CAP holds promise as a treatment for diseases involving chronic inflammation and bacterial infections. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying these anti-inflammatory effects of CAP are still unclear. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of CAP in vitro. The human acute monocytic leukemia cell line, THP-1, was stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and irradiated with CAP, and the cytotoxic effects of CAP were evaluated. Time-course differentiation of gene expression was analyzed, and key transcription factors were identified via transcriptome analysis. Additionally, the nuclear localization of the CAP-induced transcription factor was examined using western blotting. The results indicated that CAP showed no cytotoxic effects after less than 70 s of irradiation and significantly inhibited interleukin 6 (IL6) expression after more than 40 s of irradiation. Transcriptome analysis revealed many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) following CAP irradiation at all time points. Cluster analysis classified the DEGs into four distinct groups, each with time-dependent characteristics. Gene ontology and gene set enrichment analyses revealed CAP-induced suppression of IL6 production, other inflammatory responses, and the expression of genes related to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II. Transcription factor analysis suggested that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), which suppresses intracellular oxidative stress, is the most activated transcription factor. Contrarily, regulatory factor X5, which regulates MHC class II expression, is the most suppressed transcription factor. Western blotting revealed the nuclear localization of NRF2 following CAP irradiation. These data suggest that CAP suppresses the inflammatory response, possibly by promoting NRF2 nuclear translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ito Hirasawa
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Giri Park
- Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | | | - Akiko Togi
- Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Koji Mizutani
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Takeuchi
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kobayashi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Katagiri
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Sui Z, Wang N, Zhang X, Liu C, Wang X, Zhou H, Mai K, He G. Comprehensive study on the effect of dietary leucine supplementation on intestinal physiology, TOR signaling and microbiota in juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109060. [PMID: 37678482 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal damage and inflammation are major health and welfare issues in aquaculture. Considerable efforts have been devoted to enhancing intestinal health, with a specific emphasis on dietary additives. Branch chain amino acids, particularly leucine, have been reported to enhance growth performance in various studies. However, few studies have focused on the effect of leucine on the intestinal function and its underlying molecular mechanism is far from fully illuminated. In the present study, we comprehensively evaluated the effect of dietary leucine supplementation on intestinal physiology, signaling transduction and microbiota in fish. Juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) (10.13 ± 0.01g) were fed with control diet (Con diet) and leucine supplementation diet (Leu diet) for 10 weeks. The findings revealed significant improvements in intestinal morphology and function in the turbot fed with Leu diet. Leucine supplementation also resulted in a significant increase in mRNA expression levels of mucosal barrier genes, indicating enhanced intestinal integrity. The transcriptional levels of pro-inflammatory factors il-1β, tnf-α and irf-1 was decreased in response to leucine supplementation. Conversely, the level of anti-inflammatory factors tgf-β, il-10 and nf-κb were up-regulated by leucine supplementation. Dietary leucine supplementation led to an increase in intestinal complement (C3 and C4) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels, along with elevated antioxidant activity. Moreover, dietary leucine supplementation significantly enhanced the postprandial phosphorylation level of the target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway in the intestine. Finally, intestinal bacterial richness and diversity were modified and intestinal bacterial composition was re-shaped by leucine supplementation. Overall, these results provide new insights into the beneficial role of leucine supplementation in promoting intestinal health in turbot, offering potential implications for the use of leucine as a nutritional supplement in aquaculture practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Sui
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Chengdong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Huihui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Gen He
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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19
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Yi C, Liang H, Huang D, Yu H, Xue C, Gu J, Chen X, Wang Y, Ren M, Zhang L. Phenylalanine Plays Important Roles in Regulating the Capacity of Intestinal Immunity, Antioxidants and Apoptosis in Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2980. [PMID: 37760380 PMCID: PMC10525992 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This experiment was planned to explore the role of dietary phenylalanine levels in intestinal immunity, antioxidant activity and apoptosis in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Six iso-nitrogen and iso-energy diets with phenylalanine levels of 1.45% (DPHE1), 1.69% (DPHE2), 1.98% (DPHE3), 2.21% (DPHE4), 2.48% (DPHE5) and 2.76% (DPHE6) were designed. Juvenile largemouth bass were fed the experimental diet for 8 weeks. In this study, the DPHE5 group increased the expression of intestinal antioxidant genes in largemouth bass (p < 0.05), and the increase of antioxidant enzyme activities and content of related substances was most concentrated in the DPHE3 and DPHE4 groups (p < 0.05). The results of plasma biochemistry were similar to that of enzyme activity. The expression of genes related to the TOR signalling pathway mainly increased significantly in the DPHE5 group (p < 0.05). Similarly, the expression of inflammatory factors, as well as apoptotic factors, also showed significant increases in the DPHE5 group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, unbalanced phenylalanine in the diet could lead to a decrease in intestinal immune and antioxidant capacity and also cause a decline in the aggravation of intestinal cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changguo Yi
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Hualiang Liang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Dongyu Huang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Heng Yu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Chunyu Xue
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jiaze Gu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Xiaoru Chen
- Tongwei Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Healthy Culture of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610093, China
| | - Yongli Wang
- Tongwei Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Healthy Culture of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610093, China
| | - Mingchun Ren
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Tongwei Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Healthy Culture of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610093, China
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20
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Yu X. Promising Therapeutic Treatments for Cardiac Fibrosis: Herbal Plants and Their Extracts. Cardiol Ther 2023; 12:415-443. [PMID: 37247171 PMCID: PMC10423196 DOI: 10.1007/s40119-023-00319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is closely associated with multiple heart diseases, which are a prominent health issue in the global world. Neurohormones and cytokines play indispensable roles in cardiac fibrosis. Many signaling pathways participate in cardiac fibrosis as well. Cardiac fibrosis is due to impaired degradation of collagen and impaired fibroblast activation, and collagen accumulation results in increasing heart stiffness and inharmonious activity, leading to structure alterations and finally cardiac function decline. Herbal plants have been applied in traditional medicines for thousands of years. Because of their naturality, they have attracted much attention for use in resisting cardiac fibrosis in recent years. This review sheds light on several extracts from herbal plants, which are promising therapeutics for reversing cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.
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21
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Gu W, Ji K, Huang T, Liu E, Wang G, Shi X, Dong F, Wang B, Zhang X, Wang X, Xu G. Single and joint toxic effects of waterborne exposure to copper and cadmium on Coregonus ussuriensis Berg. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:895-907. [PMID: 37726559 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02697-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination severely affects the aquatic environment and organisms. Copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) are two of the most common heavy metal contaminants that impair the survival, development, and reproduction of aquatic organisms. With the growth of agriculture and industry, there is a possibility of heavy metal pollution in Coregonus ussuriensis Berg's water source. However, there are no published studies on the toxicity to C. ussuriensis. Acute toxicity experiments in C. ussuriensis revealed the 96-h median lethal concentrations of copper and cadmium to be 0.492 mg·L-1 (95% confidence interval: 0.452-0.529) and 1.548 mg·L-1 (95% confidence interval: 1.434-1.657), respectively, and safe concentrations of 4.92 µg·L-1 and 15.48 µg·L-1, respectively. C. ussuriensis was then treated for 96 h with Cu (20% of 96 h LC50), Cd (20% of 96 h LC50), and a combination of Cu and Cd (20% of Cu 96 h LC50 + 20% of Cd 96 h LC50). The histological damage caused by the three different exposure modes to the liver and gills of C. ussuriensis was verified using hematoxylin and eosin staining. All three exposure modes caused different degrees of vacuolization, nuclear consolidation, and necrosis in the liver tissue of C. ussuriensis and edema, hyperplasia, laminar fusion, and epithelial elevation in the gill tissue compared with the reference group. The severity of the damage increased with increasing exposure time. Anti-oxidant activity in the gill and liver tissues were measured using enzyme activity assay kits to reflect oxidative stress induced by copper and cadmium exposure alone and in combination. The enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH) were substantially higher than those in the reference groups. However, the activities of the enzymes decreased with increasing exposure time. Malondialdehyde (MDA) activity significantly increased during exposure in relation to that in the reference group. Analysis of immune gene expression in C. ussuriensis gill and liver tissues was executed using real-time inverse transcript polymerase chain response (RT-PCR). The expression levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin one beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were positively correlated with exposure time and were significantly upregulated with increasing exposure time. Metallothionein (MT) gene expression levels were significantly upregulated in the short term after exposure compared to the reference group but decreased with increasing exposure time. Our results indicate that exposure to aqueous copper and cadmium solutions, either alone or in combination, causes histopathological damage, oxidative stress, and immunotoxicity in C. ussuriensis gill and liver tissue. This study investigated the toxic effects of copper and cadmium on C. ussuriensis to facilitate the monitoring of heavy metals in water sources for healthy aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gu
- Cold Water Fish Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Kai Ji
- Cold Water Fish Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Tianqing Huang
- Cold Water Fish Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Enhui Liu
- Cold Water Fish Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Gaochao Wang
- Cold Water Fish Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xiulan Shi
- Cold Water Fish Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Fulin Dong
- Cold Water Fish Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Bingqian Wang
- Cold Water Fish Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xubin Zhang
- Heilongjiang Province General Station of Aquatic Technology Promotion, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xiance Wang
- Hangzhou Qiandaohu Xun Long Sci-tech CO., LTD, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Gefeng Xu
- Cold Water Fish Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, PR China.
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22
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Kim JY, Kwon YG, Kim YM. The stress-responsive protein REDD1 and its pathophysiological functions. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1933-1944. [PMID: 37653030 PMCID: PMC10545776 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01056-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated in development and DNA damage-response 1 (REDD1) is a stress-induced protein that controls various cellular functions, including metabolism, oxidative stress, autophagy, and cell fate, and contributes to the pathogenesis of metabolic and inflammatory disorders, neurodegeneration, and cancer. REDD1 usually exerts deleterious effects, including tumorigenesis, metabolic inflammation, neurodegeneration, and muscle dystrophy; however, it also exhibits protective functions by regulating multiple intrinsic cell activities through either an mTORC1-dependent or -independent mechanism. REDD1 typically regulates mTORC1 signaling, NF-κB activation, and cellular pro-oxidant or antioxidant activity by interacting with 14-3-3 proteins, IκBα, and thioredoxin-interacting protein or 75 kDa glucose-regulated protein, respectively. The diverse functions of REDD1 depend on cell type, cellular context, interaction partners, and cellular localization (e.g., mitochondria, endomembrane, or cytosol). Therefore, comprehensively understanding the molecular mechanisms and biological roles of REDD1 under pathophysiological conditions is of utmost importance. In this review, based on the published literature, we highlight and discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the REDD1 expression and its actions, biological functions, and pathophysiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yoon Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Guen Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Glaviano A, Foo ASC, Lam HY, Yap KCH, Jacot W, Jones RH, Eng H, Nair MG, Makvandi P, Geoerger B, Kulke MH, Baird RD, Prabhu JS, Carbone D, Pecoraro C, Teh DBL, Sethi G, Cavalieri V, Lin KH, Javidi-Sharifi NR, Toska E, Davids MS, Brown JR, Diana P, Stebbing J, Fruman DA, Kumar AP. PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling transduction pathway and targeted therapies in cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:138. [PMID: 37596643 PMCID: PMC10436543 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 132.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR (PAM) signaling pathway is a highly conserved signal transduction network in eukaryotic cells that promotes cell survival, cell growth, and cell cycle progression. Growth factor signalling to transcription factors in the PAM axis is highly regulated by multiple cross-interactions with several other signaling pathways, and dysregulation of signal transduction can predispose to cancer development. The PAM axis is the most frequently activated signaling pathway in human cancer and is often implicated in resistance to anticancer therapies. Dysfunction of components of this pathway such as hyperactivity of PI3K, loss of function of PTEN, and gain-of-function of AKT, are notorious drivers of treatment resistance and disease progression in cancer. In this review we highlight the major dysregulations in the PAM signaling pathway in cancer, and discuss the results of PI3K, AKT and mTOR inhibitors as monotherapy and in co-administation with other antineoplastic agents in clinical trials as a strategy for overcoming treatment resistance. Finally, the major mechanisms of resistance to PAM signaling targeted therapies, including PAM signaling in immunology and immunotherapies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Glaviano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Aaron S C Foo
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hiu Y Lam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Kenneth C H Yap
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - William Jacot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Robert H Jones
- Cardiff University and Velindre Cancer Centre, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Huiyan Eng
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Madhumathy G Nair
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, 560034, India
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Inserm U1015, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Matthew H Kulke
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard D Baird
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jyothi S Prabhu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, 560034, India
| | - Daniela Carbone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Camilla Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniel B L Teh
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, and Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Vincenzo Cavalieri
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Kevin H Lin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Eneda Toska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew S Davids
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer R Brown
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Justin Stebbing
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - David A Fruman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, 216 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alan P Kumar
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
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24
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Valiente P, Nim S, Kim J, Kim PM. Computational Design of Potent and Selective d-Peptide Agonists of the Glucagon-like Peptide-2 Receptor. J Med Chem 2023; 66:10342-10353. [PMID: 37491005 PMCID: PMC10424673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Here, we designed three d-GLP-2 agonists that activated the glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor (GLP-2R) cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation without stimulating the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). All the d-GLP-2 agonists increased the protein kinase B phosphorylated (p-AKT) expression levels in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in vitro. The most effective d-GLP-2 analogue boosted the AKT phosphorylation 2.28 times more effectively compared to the native l-GLP-2. The enhancement in the p-AKT levels induced by the d-GLP-2 analogues could be explained by GLP-2R's more prolonged activation, given that the d-GLP-2 analogues induce a lower β-arrestin recruitment. The higher stability to protease degradation of our d-GLP-2 agonists helps us envision their potential applications in enhancing intestinal absorption and treating inflammatory bowel illness while lowering the high dosage required by the current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro
A. Valiente
- Donnelly
Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Satra Nim
- Donnelly
Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Jisun Kim
- Donnelly
Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Philip M. Kim
- Donnelly
Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
- Department
of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
- Department
of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
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25
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Ko JH, Oh JY. Mesenchymal stromal cells regulate THP-1-differentiated macrophage cytokine production by activating Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 pathway. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:858-865. [PMID: 37125989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in macrophages converges inflammatory and metabolic signals from multiple receptors to regulate a cell's survival, metabolism and activation. Although mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are well known to modulate macrophage activation, the effects of MSCs on the Akt/mTOR pathway in macrophages have not been elucidated. METHODS We herein investigated whether MSCs affect the Akt/mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway to regulate macrophage polarization. RESULTS Results showed that human bone marrow-derived MSCs induced activation of Akt and its downstream mTORC1 signaling in THP-1-differentiated macrophages in a p62/sequestosome 1-independent manner. Inhibition of Akt or mTORC1 attenuated the effects of MSCs on the suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-12 production and the promotion of interleukin-10 and tumor growth factor-β1 in macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide/ATP. Conversely, activation of Akt or mTORC1 reproduced and potentiated MSC effects on macrophage cytokine production. MSCs with cyclooxygenase-2 knockdown, however, failed to activate the Akt/mTORC1 signaling in macrophages and were less effective in the modulation of macrophage cytokine production than control MSCs. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that MSCs control THP-1-differentiated macrophage activation at least partly through upregulation of the Akt/mTORC1 signaling in a cyclooxygenase-2-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwa Ko
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Youn Oh
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea.
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26
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Zhang Q, Luo Y, Zheng Q, Zhao H, Wei X, Li X. Itaconate attenuates autoimmune hepatitis via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-mediated inhibition of dendritic cell maturation and autophagy. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17551. [PMID: 37449121 PMCID: PMC10336503 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) results from an autoimmune-mediated chronic inflammatory response against liver cells. Defective self-tolerance and dysfunctional dendritic cells (DCs) play a regulatory role in AIH. Itaconate has recently attracted attention in the field of immunometabolism because of its crucial role as an anti-inflammatory metabolite that negatively regulates the inflammatory response. However, the underlying mechanism of itaconate mediation of DCs in AIH remains unclear. In this study, we found that itaconate acts as an anti-inflammatory factor in the liver. Endogenous itaconate levels were significantly increased in mice with S100-induced AIH model and correlated with upregulation of the immune-responsive gene 1 expression. However, the anti-inflammatory response from endogenously itaconate may not represent the effects exogenously-produced itaconate. We investigated the anti-inflammatory response from exogenous itaconate in S100-induced AIH, and our results showed that itaconate treatment attenuated liver histopathological damage, hepatocyte apoptosis, aminotransferase elevation, and IL-6 production in the S100-induced AIH model. In addition, Itaconate decreased glycolysis to suppress the maturation of DCs in the liver and spleen of AIH models, thereby directly regulating differentiation of Th17 and Tregs in vivo. The percentage of Th17 cells among the CD4+ population were decreased and Tregs were increased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, Itaconate-induced bone marrow-derived monocytes suppressed CD4+cells proliferation. In vitro and in vivo, we found that itaconate suppressed autophagy via activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway in bone marrow-derived DCs and liver tissues. We further investigated the function of Itaconate on DC-specific mTOR-deficient mice. mTOR-deficient DCs augmented inflammatory reactions in mTORDC-/- AIH mice and induced autophagy. MHY1485 (an agonist of mTOR) and itaconate significantly alleviated the inflammatory reaction and autophagy signalling. In conclusion, itaconate ameliorate liver inflammation in S100-induced AIH mice by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to decrease DCs autophagy and maturation. These results provide insight useful for treating AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
- Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiuxia Zheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wei
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Xun Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
- Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
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27
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Li X, Chen K, Wang Z, Li J, Wang X, Xie C, Tong J, Shen Y. The mTOR signalling in corneal diseases: A recent update. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 213:115620. [PMID: 37217140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Corneal diseases affect 4.2 million people worldwide and are a leading cause of vision impairment and blindness. Current treatments for corneal diseases, such as antibiotics, steroids, and surgical interventions, have numerous disadvantages and challenges. Thus, there is an urgent need for more effective therapies. Although the pathogenesis of corneal diseases is not fully understood, it is known that injury caused by various stresses and postinjury healing, such as epithelial renewal, inflammation, stromal fibrosis, and neovascularization, are highly involved. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulator of cell growth, metabolism, and the immune response. Recent studies have revealed that activation of mTOR signalling extensively contributes to the pathogenesis of various corneal diseases, and inhibition of mTOR with rapamycin achieves promising outcomes, supporting the potential of mTOR as a therapeutic target. In this review, we detail the function of mTOR in corneal diseases and how these characteristics contribute to disease treatment using mTOR-targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kuangqi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zixi Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayuan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiawei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chen Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jianping Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Ye Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Li T, Yan X, Dong X, Pan S, Tan B, Zhang S, Suo X, Huang W, Zhou M, Yang Y. Effects of choline supplementation on growth performance, liver histology, nonspecific immunity and related genes expression of hybrid grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatu) fed with high-lipid diets. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023:108815. [PMID: 37216997 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary choline levels on growth performance, liver histology, nonspecific immunity and related gene expression of hybrid grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatus) fed with high-lipid diets. The fish (initial body weight 6.86 ± 0.01 g) were fed diets containing different choline levels (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g/kg, named D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5, respectively) for 8 weeks. The results showed that:(1) dietary choline levels had no significant effect on final body weight (FBW), feed conversion rate (FCR), visceral somatic index(VSI) and condition factor (CF) compared with the control group (P > 0.05). However, the hepato somatic index (HSI) in the D2 group was significantly lower than that in the control group and the survival rate (SR) in the D5 group was significantly lower (P < 0.05). (2) with dietary choline level increasing, alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of serum showed a tendency to increase and then decrease, and the maximum values were obtained in the D3 group, but the contents of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) decreased significantly (P < 0.05). (3) Immunoglobulin M (IgM), lysozyme (LYZ), catalase (CAT), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), and SOD in the liver all showed a trend of first increase and then decrease with the dietary choline level increased, and all of them achieved the maximum value at D4 group (P < 0.05), while reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver decreased significantly (P < 0.05). (4) results from liver sections suggest that appropriate levels of choline can improve cell structure, compared with the control group, the damaged histological morphology of the liver was relieved and even returned to normal in D3 group. (5) in the D3 group, choline significantly upregulated the expression of hepatic sod and cat mRNA, whereas the expression of cat in the D5 group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05); And the supply of choline stimulated a significant down-regulation of interleukin 6 (il6), myeloid differentiation factor 8 (myd88), toll-like receptor 22 (tlr22) mRNA expression levels in liver, while the expression of cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53) and interleukin 10 (il10) showed an upward and then downward trend (P < 0.05). In general, choline can improve the immunity of hybrid grouper by regulating non-specific immune-related enzyme activity and gene expression and reducing oxidative stress induced by high-lipid diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Xiaobo Yan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China.
| | - Simiao Pan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Xiangxiang Suo
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Weibin Huang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Menglong Zhou
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Yuanzhi Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
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Che Y, Wang N, Ma Q, Liu J, Xu Z, Li Q, Wang J, Sun Y. Microbial characterization of the nasal cavity in patients with allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1166389. [PMID: 37180436 PMCID: PMC10166850 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1166389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although recent studies have shown that the human microbiome is involved in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, the impact of microbiota on allergic rhinitis (AR) and non-allergic rhinitis (nAR) has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in the composition of the nasal flora in patients with AR and nAR and their role in the pathogenesis. Method From February to September 2022, 35 AR patients and 35 nAR patients admitted to Harbin Medical University's Second Affiliated Hospital, as well as 20 healthy subjects who underwent physical examination during the same period, were subjected to 16SrDNA and metagenomic sequencing of nasal flora. Results The microbiota composition of the three groups of study subjects differs significantly. The relative abundance of Vibrio vulnificus and Acinetobacter baumanni in the nasal cavity of AR patients was significantly higher when compared to nAR patients, while the relative abundance of Lactobacillus murinus, Lactobacillus iners, Proteobacteria, Pseudomonadales, and Escherichia coli was lower. In addition, Lactobacillus murinus and Lacttobacillus kunkeei were also negatively correlated with IgE, while Lacttobacillus kunkeei was positively correlated with age. The relative distribution of Faecalibacterium was higher in moderate than in severe AR patients. According to KEGG functional enrichment annotation, ICMT(protein-S-isoprenylcysteine O-methyltransferase,ICMT) is an AR microbiota-specific enzyme that plays a role, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism are more active in AR microbiota. For AR, the model containing Parabacteroides goldstemii, Sutterella-SP-6FBBBBH3, Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea, Lachnospiraceae bacterium-615, and Bacteroides coprocola had the highest the area under the curve (AUC), which was 0.9733(95%CI:0.926-1.000) in the constructed random forest prediction model. The largest AUC for nAR is 0.984(95%CI:0.949-1.000) for the model containing Pseudomonas-SP-LTJR-52, Lachnospiraceae bacterium-615, Prevotella corporis, Anaerococcus vaginalis, and Roseburia inulinivorans. Conclusion In conclusion, patients with AR and nAR had significantly different microbiota profiles compared to healthy controls. The results suggest that the nasal microbiota may play a key role in the pathogenesis and symptoms of AR and nAR, providing us with new ideas for the treatment of AR and nAR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanan Sun
- *Correspondence: Jingting Wang, ; Yanan Sun,
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Mulè MP, Martins AJ, Cheung F, Farmer R, Sellers B, Quiel JA, Jain A, Kotliarov Y, Bansal N, Chen J, Schwartzberg PL, Tsang JS. Multiscale integration of human and single-cell variations reveals unadjuvanted vaccine high responders are naturally adjuvanted. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.03.20.23287474. [PMID: 37090674 PMCID: PMC10120791 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.20.23287474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Advances in multimodal single cell analysis can empower high-resolution dissection of human vaccination responses. The resulting data capture multiple layers of biological variations, including molecular and cellular states, vaccine formulations, inter- and intra-subject differences, and responses unfolding over time. Transforming such data into biological insight remains a major challenge. Here we present a systematic framework applied to multimodal single cell data obtained before and after influenza vaccination without adjuvants or pandemic H5N1 vaccination with the AS03 adjuvant. Our approach pinpoints responses shared across or unique to specific cell types and identifies adjuvant specific signatures, including pro-survival transcriptional states in B lymphocytes that emerged one day after vaccination. We also reveal that high antibody responders to the unadjuvanted vaccine have a distinct baseline involving a rewired network of cell type specific transcriptional states. Remarkably, the status of certain innate immune cells in this network in high responders of the unadjuvanted vaccine appear "naturally adjuvanted": they resemble phenotypes induced early in the same cells only by vaccination with AS03. Furthermore, these cell subsets have elevated frequency in the blood at baseline and increased cell-intrinsic phospho-signaling responses after LPS stimulation ex vivo in high compared to low responders. Our findings identify how variation in the status of multiple immune cell types at baseline may drive robust differences in innate and adaptive responses to vaccination and thus open new avenues for vaccine development and immune response engineering in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P. Mulè
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIH-Oxford-Cambridge Scholars Program; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew J. Martins
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Foo Cheung
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rohit Farmer
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian Sellers
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan A. Quiel
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arjun Jain
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yuri Kotliarov
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neha Bansal
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jinguo Chen
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pamela L. Schwartzberg
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John S. Tsang
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Liu Q, Zhu S, Zhao Z, Hao T, Xu X, Han S, Li Y, Mai K, Ai Q. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) participates in antiviral immune responses independent of mTORC1 in macrophage of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108609. [PMID: 36764631 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor EB (TFEB) plays an integral role in the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in response to pathogen stimulation in mammals. However, the role of TFEB in antiviral immune responses and the potential regulatory mechanisms in fish remain poorly understood. Here, we cloned and characterized Larimichthys crocea TFEB (LcTFEB) with 524 amino acids and a typical basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper domain. LcTFEB could translocate into the nucleus upon starvation and had a comparatively high expression in immune tissues. Similar to the expression of antiviral immune genes, the transcriptional expression and activity of LcTFEB showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the prolongation of stimulation. Inhibition of LcTFEB using siRNA dramatically increased the polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C))-induced interferon response and pro-inflammatory cytokines mRNA expression levels, whereas pharmacological activation and overexpression of LcTFEB exhibited the reverse effects. Mechanically, LcTFEB might promote the expression of IFNh as negative feedback to limit the virus-induced inflammatory responses. Notably, although inhibition of mTORC1 exacerbated poly (I:C)-triggered inflammatory responses, the effects of LcTFEB were independent of mTORC1. Overall, this study revealed an unidentified critical role of LcTFEB in the regulation of antiviral immune responses and promoted the understanding of TFEB in the antiviral immunity of fish macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangde Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Si Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zengqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Tingting Hao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Shangzhe Han
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yueru Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China.
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Hu W, Zhang Y, Ning J, Li M, Tang Y, Li L, Cheng F, Yu W. Anti-tumor effect of AZD8055 against bladder cancer and bladder cancer-associated macrophages. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14272. [PMID: 36938467 PMCID: PMC10020012 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased activity of the mTOR pathway in bladder cancer has been extensively studied, but no satisfactory mTOR inhibitor has been found in bladder cancer. The role of AZD8055, a second-generation mTOR inhibitor, has not been reported in bladder cancer. Herein, we investigated the effects of AZD8055 on bladder cells and their interaction with macrophages in vivo and in vitro. In four bladder cancer cell lines, the phosphorylation of mTOR, AKT and S6K1 was suppressed by AZD8055. AZD8055 inhibited proliferation and induced G1 cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis of bladder cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. AZD8055 also inhibits the migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells by blocking EMT and MMP9. In addition, AZD8055 inhibited chemotaxis and M2 phenotype of macrophage after co-culture with bladder cancer cells. These anti-tumor effects of AZD8055 were verified in vivo. Our findings collectively demonstrated that low-dose AZD8055 induces cytotoxicity and apoptosis, and inhibits the Akt/mTOR activation, invasion and migration of bladder cancer. These findings also demonstrate that AZD8055 partially blocked the interactions of bladder cancer cells and macrophages. In conclusion, AZD8055 is a promising mTOR inhibitor for bladder cancer.
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Integrative analyses of biomarkers and pathways for metformin reversing cisplatin resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 147:105637. [PMID: 36738487 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, transcriptome sequencing were performed to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which metformin inhibits head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells progression and sensitizes HNSCC cells to chemotherapy. We aimed to propose a novel chemotherapeutic approach with high efficacy and few side effects and provide a new strategy for HNSCC treatment. DESIGN The effects of metformin on the biological behaviors of HNSCC cells were validated by CCK8 cell proliferation assays, would healing assays and flow cytometric apoptosis assays. The appropriate metformin concentrations for the experimental pretreatment of HNSCC cells were selected based on experimental results, and the treated cells were subjected to transcriptome sequencing. After bioinformatics analysis and intersection with a post-chemotherapy resistance dataset from the GEO database numbered GSE102787, the genes were identified and used to predict potential metformin targets after functional enrichment analysis. RESULTS Metformin significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration and induced the apoptosis of Cal27 and FaDu cells. A total of 284 genes that are potentially targeted by metformin during HNSCC cell sensitization were identified by bioinformatics, and ten hub genes with high connectivity were selected. In particular, Fen1 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis in HNSCC patients. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that Fen1 is overexpressed in HNSCC tissues compared with normal tissues and that Fen1 overexpression is a poor prognostic factor in HNSCC patients. Metformin enhances the ability of cisplatin to inhibit HNSCC progression. Further studies are needed to explore the therapeutic value of Fen1 in HNSCC.
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Abdelmalak MFL, Abdelrahim DS, George Michael TMA, Abdel-Maksoud OM, Labib JMW. Vitamin D and lactoferrin attenuate stress-induced colitis in Wistar rats via enhancing AMPK expression with inhibiting mTOR-STAT3 signaling and modulating autophagy. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:211-222. [PMID: 36588325 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a global gastrointestinal disorder closely related to psychological stress exposure and local colonic inflammation. Herein, we investigated the effect of wrap-restraint stress (WRS) on rat behavior, on adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (AMPK-mTOR-STAT3) signaling, and autophagy in colonic mucosa. The impact of chronic administration of vitamin D3 and lactoferrin was compared. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. Chronic WRS protocol was applied as a rodent model of IBS. Group I: naïve animals, Group II: WRS animals, Group III: WRS-exposed and treated with vitamin D3 (500 IU/kg/day), and Group IV: WRS-exposed and treated with lactoferrin (300 mg/kg/day). In this study, we found that chronic administration of each of vitamin D3 and lactoferrin resulted in a significant increase in social interaction test, interleukin-10, AMPK, optical density of LC3B, goblet cell count and marked decrease in serum cortisol level, STAT3, inflammatory cell count, and optical density of mTOR in comparison to the WRS rats. Our findings suggest that both vitamin D3 and Lactoferrin could augment colonic autophagy through enhanced AMPK expression and inhibition of mTOR-STAT3 signaling, which offers practical insights into their clinical use in the prevention and therapy of IBS. However, lactoferrin intake as a nutritional supplement could be more helpful for stress-induced colitis treatment than vitamin D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian F L Abdelmalak
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina S Abdelrahim
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Jolly M W Labib
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Li S, Liao Z, Yin H, Liu O, Hua W, Wu X, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Yang C. G3BP1 coordinates lysophagy activity to protect against compression-induced cell ferroptosis during intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13368. [PMID: 36450665 PMCID: PMC9977669 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophagy is a form of selective autophagy to remove unwanted lysosomes. However, its role in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) remains unclear. We intended to investigate the relationship between lysophagy and ferroptosis, as well as the potential involved molecules during IDD. Human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were obtained from clinical patients. The protein levels, protein colocalization and cellular reactive oxygen species levels were assessed by western blotting, immunofluorescence analysis, immunoprecipitation and flow cytometry, respectively. The in vivo experiments were conducted based on the needle puncture-induced IDD model in rats. Compression pressure induces the lysophagy inactivation and lysosomal damage, resulting in iron overload and ferroptosis in human NP cells. Notably, Ras GTPase-activating protein-binding proteins 1 (G3BP1) resides at lysosomes to coordinate lysophagy activity mainly via the function of G3BP1/TSC2 complex. Dysfunction of G3BP1/TSC2 complex accelerates the lysosomal damage and ferroptosis in NP cells. Besides, inhibition of mTOR signalling ameliorates lysosomal damage and protects against cell ferroptosis. The in vivo experiments also demonstrate that the G3BP1/mTOR signalling is involved in the progression of IDD. These findings illustrate the relationship between lysophagy and compression-induced cell ferroptosis. It also indicates the positive role of G3BP1 and may provide potential targets for IDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiwei Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huipeng Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ouyang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenbin Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinghuo Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Efficacy of topically applied rapamycin-loaded redox-sensitive nanocarriers in a human skin/T cell co-culture model. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109903. [PMID: 36848792 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Rapamycin, also known as Sirolimus, is a promising anti-proliferative drug, but its therapeutic use for the topical treatment of inflammatory, hyperproliferative skin disorders is limited by insufficient penetration rates due to its high molecular weight (MW of 914.172 g/mol) and high lipophilicity. We have shown that core multi-shell (CMS) nanocarriers sensitive to oxidative environment can improve drug delivery to the skin. In this study, we investigated the mTOR inhibitory activity of these oxidation-sensitive CMS (osCMS) nanocarrier formulations in an inflammatory ex vivo human skin model. In this model, features of inflamed skin were introduced by treating the ex vivo tissue with low-dose serine protease (SP) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), while phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin were used to stimulate IL-17A production in the co-cultured SeAx cells. Furthermore, we tried to elucidate the effects of rapamycin on single cell populations isolated from skin (keratinocytes, fibroblast) as well as on SeAx cells. Further, we measured possible effects of the rapamycin formulations on dendritic cell (DC) migration and activation. The inflammatory skin model enabled the assessment of biological readouts at both the tissue and T cell level. All investigated formulations successfully delivered rapamycin across the skin as revealed by reduced IL-17A levels. Nevertheless, only the osCMS formulations reached higher anti-inflammatory effects in the skin compared to the control formulations with a significant downregulation of mTOR activity. These results indicate that osCMS formulations could help to establish rapamycin, or even other drugs with similar physico-chemical properties, in topical anti-inflammatory therapy.
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Kashii H, Kasai S, Sato A, Hagino Y, Nishito Y, Kobayashi T, Hino O, Mizuguchi M, Ikeda K. Tsc2 mutation rather than Tsc1 mutation dominantly causes a social deficit in a mouse model of tuberous sclerosis complex. Hum Genomics 2023; 17:4. [PMID: 36732866 PMCID: PMC9893559 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00450-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder that is associated with neurological symptoms, including autism spectrum disorder. Tuberous sclerosis complex is caused by pathogenic germline mutations of either the TSC1 or TSC2 gene, but somatic mutations were identified in both genes, and the combined effects of TSC1 and TSC2 mutations have been unknown. METHODS The present study investigated social behaviors by the social interaction test and three-chambered sociability tests, effects of rapamycin treatment, and gene expression profiles with a gene expression microarray in Tsc1 and Tsc2 double heterozygous mutant (TscD+/-) mice. RESULTS TscD+/- mice exhibited impairments in social behaviors, and the severity of impairments was similar to Tsc2+/- mice rather than Tsc1+/- mice. Impairments in social behaviors were rescued by rapamycin treatment in all mutant mice. Gene expression profiles in the brain were greatly altered in TscD+/- mice more than in Tsc1+/- and Tsc2+/- mice. The gene expression changes compared with wild type (WT) mice were similar between TscD+/- and Tsc2+/- mice, and the overlapping genes whose expression was altered in mutant mice compared with WT mice were enriched in the neoplasm- and inflammation-related canonical pathways. The "signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, interferon regulatory factor 1, interferon regulatory factor 4, interleukin-2R α chain, and interferon-γ" signaling pathway, which is initiated from signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 and PDZ and LIM domain protein 2, was associated with impairments in social behaviors in all mutant mice. LIMITATIONS It is unclear whether the signaling pathway also plays a critical role in autism spectrum disorders not caused by Tsc1 and Tsc2 mutations. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that TSC1 and TSC2 double mutations cause autistic behaviors similarly to TSC2 mutations, although significant changes in gene expression were attributable to the double mutations. These findings contribute to the knowledge of genotype-phenotype correlations in TSC and suggest that mutations in both the TSC1 and TSC2 genes act in concert to cause neurological symptoms, including autism spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Kashii
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan ,grid.417106.5Department of Neuropediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, 2-6-1 Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-0042 Japan
| | - Shinya Kasai
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan
| | - Atsushi Sato
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan ,grid.412708.80000 0004 1764 7572Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655 Japan
| | - Yoko Hagino
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan
| | - Yasumasa Nishito
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Center for Basic Technology Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kobayashi
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Pathology and Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Okio Hino
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Pathology and Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Masashi Mizuguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Rehabilitation Center for Children with Disabilities, 1-1-10 Komone, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-0037 Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.
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Weel I, Ribeiro V, Romão-Veiga M, Fioratti E, Peraçoli J, Peraçoli M. Down-regulation of autophagy proteins is associated with higher mTOR expression in the placenta of pregnant women with preeclampsia. Braz J Med Biol Res 2023; 55:e12283. [PMID: 36629523 PMCID: PMC9828864 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2022e12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation pathway that removes protein aggregates and damaged organelles maintaining cellular integrity. It seems to be essential for cell survival during stress, starvation, hypoxia, and consequently to the placenta implantation and development. Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystemic disorder characterized by the onset of hypertension associated or not with proteinuria and other maternal complications. Considering that the placenta seems to play an important role in the pathogenesis of PE, the objective of the present study was to evaluate protein levels of light chain protein (LC3), beclin-1, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the placenta of pregnant women with PE. Placental tissues collected from 20 women with PE and 20 normotensive (NT) pregnant women were evaluated for LC3, beclin-1, and mTOR expression by qPCR and immunohistochemistry. The mRNA for LC3 and beclin-1 were significantly lower, while mTOR gene expression was significantly higher in the placenta of pregnant women with PE than in the NT group. Placentas of PE women showed significantly decreased protein expression of LC3-II and beclin-1, whereas mTOR was significantly increased compared with the NT pregnant women. There was a negative correlation between protein expression of mTOR and LC3-II in the placental tissue of PE women. In conclusion, the results showed autophagy deficiency suggesting that failure in this degradation process may contribute to the pathogenesis of PE; however, new studies involving cross-talk between autophagy and inflammatory molecular mechanisms might help to better understand the autophagy process in this obstetric pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- I.C. Weel
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - V.R. Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - M. Romão-Veiga
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - E.G. Fioratti
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - J.C. Peraçoli
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - M.T.S. Peraçoli
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil,Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
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Kagitani-Shimono K, Kato H, Soeda F, Iwatani Y, Mukai M, Ogawa K, Tominaga K, Nabatame S, Taniike M. Extension of microglial activation is associated with epilepsy and cognitive dysfunction in Tuberous sclerosis complex: A TSPO-PET study. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 37:103288. [PMID: 36521371 PMCID: PMC9758490 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Neuroinflammation contributes to the severity of various neurological disorders, including epilepsy. Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a condition that results in the overactivation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, which has been linked to the activation of microglia responsible for neuroinflammation. To clarify the involvement of neuroinflammation in the neuropathophysiology of TSC, we performed a positron emission tomography (PET) study using the translocator protein (TSPO) radioligand, [11C] DPA713, and investigated microglial activation in relation to neurological manifestations, especially epilepsy and cognitive function. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 18 patients with TSC (6 in the no-seizure group, 6 in the refractory seizure group, and 6 in the mTOR-inhibitor [mTOR-i] group). All participants underwent [11C] DPA713-PET. PET results were superimposed with a 3D T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) and T1-weighted image (T1WI) to evaluate the location of cortical tubers. Microglial activation was assessed using the standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr) of DPA713 binding. The volume ratio of the DPA713-positive area to the intracranial volume (volume ratio of DPA713/ICV) was calculated to evaluate the extent of microglial activation. A correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between volume ratio of DPA713/ICV and severity of epilepsy and cognitive function. RESULTS Most cortical tubers with hyperintensity on FLAIR and hypo- or isointensity on T1WI showed microglial activation. The extent of microglial activation was significantly greater in the refractory seizure group than in the no-seizure or mTOR-i groups (p < 0.001). The extent of microglial activation in subjects without mTOR-i treatment correlated positively with epilepsy severity (r = 0.822, P = 0.001) and negatively with cognitive function (r = -0.846, p = 0.001), but these correlations were not present in the mTOR-i group (r = 0.232, P = 0.658, r = 0.371, P = 0.469, respectively). CONCLUSION Neuroinflammation is associated with the severity of epilepsy and cognitive dysfunction in brains with TSC. mTOR-i may suppress the extent of neuroinflammation in TSC. Investigating the spread of microglial activation using TSPO-PET in these patients may help to predict the progression of neuropathy by assessing the degree of neuroinflammation and therefore be useful for determining how aggressive the treatment should be and in assessing the effectiveness of such treatment in patients with TSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuriko Kagitani-Shimono
- Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Soeda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Iwatani
- Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukai
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Ogawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Tominaga
- Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shin Nabatame
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masako Taniike
- Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Champion JD, Dodd KM, Lam HC, Alzahrani MAM, Seifan S, Rad E, Scourfield DO, Fishel ML, Calver BL, Ager A, Henske EP, Davies DM, Kelley MR, Tee AR. Drug Inhibition of Redox Factor-1 Restores Hypoxia-Driven Changes in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Deficient Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:6195. [PMID: 36551683 PMCID: PMC9776744 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapies with the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibitors are not fully curative for tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) patients. Here, we propose that some mTORC1-independent disease facets of TSC involve signaling through redox factor-1 (Ref-1). Ref-1 possesses a redox signaling activity that stimulates the transcriptional activity of STAT3, NF-kB, and HIF-1α, which are involved in inflammation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and hypoxia, respectively. Here, we demonstrate that redox signaling through Ref-1 contributes to metabolic transformation and tumor growth in TSC cell model systems. In TSC2-deficient cells, the clinically viable Ref-1 inhibitor APX3330 was effective at blocking the hyperactivity of STAT3, NF-kB, and HIF-1α. While Ref-1 inhibitors do not inhibit mTORC1, they potently block cell invasion and vasculature mimicry. Of interest, we show that cell invasion and vasculature mimicry linked to Ref-1 redox signaling are not blocked by mTORC1 inhibitors. Metabolic profiling revealed that Ref-1 inhibitors alter metabolites associated with the glutathione antioxidant pathway as well as metabolites that are heavily dysregulated in TSC2-deficient cells involved in redox homeostasis. Therefore, this work presents Ref-1 and associated redox-regulated transcription factors such as STAT3, NF-kB, and HIF-1α as potential therapeutic targets to treat TSC, where targeting these components would likely have additional benefits compared to using mTORC1 inhibitors alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse D. Champion
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Kayleigh M. Dodd
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Hilaire C. Lam
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Sara Seifan
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Ellie Rad
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | | | - Melissa L. Fishel
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Brian L. Calver
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Ann Ager
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Elizabeth P. Henske
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David Mark Davies
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
- Department of Oncology, South West Wales Cancer Centre, Singleton Hospital, Swansea SA2 8QA, UK
| | - Mark R. Kelley
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Andrew R. Tee
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
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41
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Innate immunity dysregulation in aging eye and therapeutic interventions. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101768. [PMID: 36280210 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of eye diseases increases considerably with age, resulting in significant vision impairment. Although the pathobiology of age-related eye diseases has been studied extensively, the contribution of immune-related changes due to aging remains elusive. In the eye, tissue-resident cells and infiltrating immune cells regulate innate responses during injury or infection. But due to aging, these cells lose their protective functions and acquire pathological phenotypes. Thus, dysregulated ocular innate immunity in the elderly increases the susceptibility and severity of eye diseases. Herein, we emphasize the impact of aging on the ocular innate immune system in the pathogenesis of infectious and non-infectious eye diseases. We discuss the role of age-related alterations in cellular metabolism, epigenetics, and cellular senescence as mechanisms underlying altered innate immune functions. Finally, we describe approaches to restore protective innate immune functions in the aging eye. Overall, the review summarizes our current understanding of innate immune functions in eye diseases and their dysregulation during aging.
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Xu H, Zhao Y, Zhao Q, Shi M, Zhang Z, Ding W, Zhao Y. Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Deficiency in Macrophages Promotes Unclassical Inflammatory Response to Lipopolysaccharide In Vitro and Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Mice. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1875-1890. [PMID: 36465179 PMCID: PMC9662278 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human tuberous sclerosis (TSC) is mainly caused by genetic mutations of tuberous TSC1or TSC2. Recent studies found that TSC1 deficiency promoted classical M1 macrophage polarization. However, whether TSC1 regulates other inflammatory cytokine expression in lipopolysaccharidem (LPS)-stimulated macrophages is unknown. Herein, we studied the cytokine expression profile of wild-type (WT) and TSC1-deleted macrophages after LPS stimulation in vitro and the pathogenesis of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice with myeloid-specific TSC1 deletion (TSC1cKO mice). We found that TSC1-deficient macrophages exhibited the enhanced secretion of interleukin-17A (IL-17A), IL-17F, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in response to LPS stimulation in vitro. This is in contrast to LPS-stimulated WT macrophages, which usually do not. Importantly, TSC1cKO mice exhibited exacerbated DSS-induced acute colitis with severer symptoms. MTOR deletion or rapamycin treatment significantly reversed the enhanced expressions of IL-17A, IL-17F, and IFN-γ in LPS-stimulated TSC1-deficient macrophages in vitro and rescued the enhanced DSS-induced colitis in TSC1cKO mice, indicating that TSC1 deficiency increased these cytokine productions in an mTOR-dependent manner. RNA-sequencing and molecular studies indicated that TSC1 deficiency enhanced the aerobic glycolysis process and the activities of mTOR-STAT3-RORγT pathway in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Inhibition of aerobic glycolysis, STAT3, or RORγT reversed IL-17 and IFN-γ expression in LPS-treated TSC1-deficient macrophages. Thus, TSC1 is essential for macrophages to shut down IL-17A, IL-17F, and IFN-γ expression during LPS stimulation by suppressing the aerobic glycolysis process and mTOR-STAT3, RORγT, and T-bet pathways. The present study uncovered the key role of TSC1 in shutting down IL-17A, IL-17F, and IFN-γ expressions in LPS-treated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Cunji Medical College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Cunji Medical College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Mingpu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Cunji Medical College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Cunji Medical College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Cunji Medical College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Liu X, Liu Y, Yang RX, Ding XJ, Liang ES. Loss of myeloid Tsc2 predisposes to angiotensin II-induced aortic aneurysm formation in mice. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:972. [PMID: 36400753 PMCID: PMC9674579 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05423-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Genetic studies have proved the involvement of Tuberous sclerosis complex subunit 2 (Tsc2) in aortic aneurysm. However, the exact role of macrophage Tsc2 in the vascular system remains unclear. Here, we examined the potential function of macrophage Tsc2 in the development of aortic remodeling and aortic aneurysms. METHODS AND RESULTS Conditional gene knockout strategy combined with histology and whole-transcriptomic analysis showed that Tsc2 deficiency in macrophages aggravated the progression of aortic aneurysms along with an upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metallopeptidase-9 in the angiotensin II-induced mouse model. G protein-coupled receptor 68 (Gpr68), a proton-sensing receptor for detecting the extracellular acidic pH, was identified as the most up-regulated gene in Tsc2 deficient macrophages compared with control macrophages. Additionally, Tsc2 deficient macrophages displayed higher glycolysis and glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose treatment partially attenuated the level of Gpr68. We further demonstrated an Tsc2-Gpr68-CREB network in macrophages that regulates the inflammatory response, proteolytic degradation and vascular homeostasis. Gpr68 inhibition largely abrogated the progression of aortic aneurysms caused by Tsc2 deficiency in macrophages. CONCLUSIONS The findings reveal that Tsc2 deficiency in macrophages contributes to aortic aneurysm formation, at least in part, by upregulating Gpr68 expression, which subsequently drives proinflammatory processes and matrix metallopeptidase activation. The data also provide a novel therapeutic strategy to limit the progression of the aneurysm resulting from Tsc2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- grid.452402.50000 0004 1808 3430The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- grid.452402.50000 0004 1808 3430The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rui-xue Yang
- grid.452402.50000 0004 1808 3430The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiang-jiu Ding
- grid.452402.50000 0004 1808 3430Department of Vascular Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Er-shun Liang
- grid.452402.50000 0004 1808 3430The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Lanahan SM, Wymann MP, Lucas CL. The role of PI3Kγ in the immune system: new insights and translational implications. Nat Rev Immunol 2022; 22:687-700. [PMID: 35322259 PMCID: PMC9922156 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00701-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, new insights have positioned phosphoinositide 3-kinase-γ (PI3Kγ) as a context-dependent modulator of immunity and inflammation. Recent advances in protein structure determination and drug development have allowed for generation of highly specific PI3Kγ inhibitors, with the first now in clinical trials for several oncology indications. Recently, a monogenic immune disorder caused by PI3Kγ deficiency was discovered in humans and modelled in mice. Human inactivated PI3Kγ syndrome confirms the immunomodulatory roles of PI3Kγ and strengthens newly defined roles of this molecule in modulating inflammatory cytokine release in macrophages. Here, we review the functions of PI3Kγ in the immune system and discuss how our understanding of its potential as a therapeutic target has evolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Lanahan
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Carrie L Lucas
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Hetze S, Barthel L, Lückemann L, Günther HS, Wülfing C, Salem Y, Jakobs M, Hörbelt-Grünheidt T, Petschulat J, Bendix I, Weber-Stadlbauer U, Sure U, Schedlowski M, Hadamitzky M. Taste-immune associative learning amplifies immunopharmacological effects and attenuates disease progression in a rat glioblastoma model. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 106:270-279. [PMID: 36115545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)-signaling is one key driver of glioblastoma (GBM), facilitating tumor growth by promoting the shift to an anti-inflammatory, pro-cancerogenic microenvironment. Even though mTOR inhibitors such as rapamycin (RAPA) have been shown to interfere with GBM disease progression, frequently chaperoned toxic drug side effects urge the need for developing alternative or supportive treatment strategies. Importantly, previous work document that taste-immune associative learning with RAPA may be utilized to induce learned pharmacological placebo responses in the immune system. Against this background, the current study aimed at investigating the potential efficacy of a taste-immune associative learning protocol with RAPA in a syngeneic GBM rat model. Following repeated pairings of a novel gustatory stimulus with injections of RAPA, learned immune-pharmacological effects could be retrieved in GBM-bearing animals when re-exposed to the gustatory stimulus together with administering 10 % amount of the initial drug dose (0.5 mg/kg). These inhibitory effects on tumor growth were accompanied by an up-regulation of central and peripheral pro-inflammatory markers, suggesting that taste-immune associative learning with RAPA promoted the development of a pro-inflammatory anti-tumor microenvironment that attenuated GBM tumor growth to an almost identical outcome as obtained after 100 % (5 mg/kg) RAPA treatment. Together, our results confirm the applicability of taste-immune associative learning with RAPA in animal disease models where mTOR overactivation is one key driver. This proof-of-concept study may also be taken as a role model for implementing learning protocols as alternative or supportive treatment strategy in clinical settings, allowing the reduction of required drug doses and side effects without losing treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Hetze
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational Neuro- Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Lennart Barthel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational Neuro- Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Laura Lückemann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational Neuro- Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Hauke S Günther
- Group for Interdisciplinary Neurobiology and Immunology (INI)-RESEARCH, University of Hamburg, Germany
| | - Clemens Wülfing
- Group for Interdisciplinary Neurobiology and Immunology (INI)-RESEARCH, University of Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yasmin Salem
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational Neuro- Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Marie Jakobs
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational Neuro- Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Tina Hörbelt-Grünheidt
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational Neuro- Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Petschulat
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational Neuro- Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Ivo Bendix
- Department of Pediatrics I/ Experimental Perinatal Neurosciences, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Weber-Stadlbauer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich-Vetsuisse, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Sure
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Manfred Schedlowski
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational Neuro- Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Hadamitzky
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational Neuro- Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
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Huang K, Wang Z, He Z, Li Y, Li S, Shen K, Zhu G, Liu Z, Lv S, Zhang C, Yang H, Yang X, Liu S. Downregulated formyl peptide receptor 2 expression in the epileptogenic foci of patients with focal cortical dysplasia type IIb and tuberous sclerosis complex. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e706. [PMID: 36301030 PMCID: PMC9597500 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Focal cortical dysplasia type IIb (FCDIIb) and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) show persistent neuroinflammation, which promotes epileptogenesis and epilepsy progression, suggesting that endogenous resolution of inflammation is inadequate to relieve neuronal network hyperexcitability. To explore the potential roles of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2), which is a key regulator of inflammation resolution, in epilepsy caused by FCDIIb and TSC, we examined the expression and cellular distribution of FPR2. Method The expression of FPR2 and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway was examined by real‐time PCR, western blots, and analyzed via one‐way analysis of variance. The distribution of FPR2 was detected using immunostaining. The expression of resolvin D1 (RvD1, the endogenous ligand of FPR2) was observed via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Pearson's correlation test was used to evaluate the correlation between the expression levels of FPR2 and RvD1 and the clinical variants. Results The expression of FPR2 was significantly lower in FCDIIb (p = .0146) and TSC (p = .0006) cortical lesions than in controls, as was the expression of RvD1 (FCDIIb: p = .00431; TSC: p = .0439). Weak FPR2 immunoreactivity was observed in dysmorphic neurons (DNs), balloon cells (BCs), and giant cells (GCs) in FCDIIb and TSC tissues. Moreover, FPR2 was mainly distributed in dysplastic neurons; it was sparse in microglia and nearly absent in astrocytes. The NF‐κB pathway was significantly activated in patients with FCDIIb and TSC, and the protein level of NF‐κB was negatively correlated with the protein level of FPR2 (FCDIIb: p = .00395; TSC: p = .0399). In addition, the protein level of FPR2 was negatively correlated with seizure frequency in FCDIIb (p = .0434) and TSC (p = .0351) patients. Conclusion In summary, these results showed that the expression and specific distribution of FPR2 may be involved in epilepsy caused by FCDIIb and TSC, indicating that downregulation of FPR2 mediated the dysfunction of neuroinflammation resolution in FCDIIb and TSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Zhongke Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryArmed Police Hospital of ChongqingChongqingChina
| | - Zeng He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Shujing Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Kaifeng Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Gang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Zhonghong Liu
- Department of NeurosurgeryArmed Police Hospital of ChongqingChongqingChina
| | - Shengqing Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Chunqing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Xiaolin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Shiyong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
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47
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Therapeutic Targeting of NF-κB in Acute Lung Injury: A Double-Edged Sword. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203317. [PMID: 36291185 PMCID: PMC9601210 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a devastating disease that can be caused by a variety of conditions including pneumonia, sepsis, trauma, and most recently, COVID-19. Although our understanding of the mechanisms of ALI/ARDS pathogenesis and resolution has considerably increased in recent years, the mortality rate remains unacceptably high (~40%), primarily due to the lack of effective therapies for ALI/ARDS. Dysregulated inflammation, as characterized by massive infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) into the airspace and the associated damage of the capillary-alveolar barrier leading to pulmonary edema and hypoxemia, is a major hallmark of ALI/ARDS. Endothelial cells (ECs), the inner lining of blood vessels, are important cellular orchestrators of PMN infiltration in the lung. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) plays an essential role in rendering the endothelium permissive for PMN adhesion and transmigration to reach the inflammatory site. Thus, targeting NF-κB in the endothelium provides an attractive approach to mitigate PMN-mediated vascular injury, not only in ALI/ARDS, but in other inflammatory diseases as well in which EC dysfunction is a major pathogenic mechanism. This review discusses the role and regulation of NF-κB in the context of EC inflammation and evaluates the potential and problems of targeting it as a therapy for ALI/ARDS.
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He XN, Zeng ZZ, Wu P, Jiang WD, Liu Y, Jiang J, Kuang SY, Tang L, Feng L, Zhou XQ. Dietary Aflatoxin B1 attenuates immune function of immune organs in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) by modulating NF-κB and the TOR signaling pathway. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1027064. [PMID: 36330527 PMCID: PMC9623247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1027064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is kind of a common mycotoxin in food and feedstuff. Aquafeeds are susceptible to contamination of AFB1. In teleost fish, the spleen and head kidney are key immune organ. Moreover, the fish skin is a critical mucosal barrier system. However, there was little study on the effects of dietary AFB1 on the immune response of these immune organs in fish. This study aimed to explore the impacts of oral AFB1 on the immune competence and its mechanisms in the skin, spleen, and head kidney of grass carp. Our work indicated that dietary AFB1 reduced antibacterial compounds and immunoglobulins contents, and decreased the transcription levels of antimicrobial peptides in grass carp immune organs. In addition, dietary AFB1 increased the transcription levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced the transcription levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines in the grass carp immune organs, which might be regulated by NF-κB and TOR signaling, respectively. Meanwhile, we evaluated the content of AFB1 in the grass carp diet should not exceed 29.48 μg/kg diet according to the levels of acid phosphatase and lysozyme. In summary, dietary AFB1 impaired immune response in grass carp skin, spleen, and head kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ning He
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Zeng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provence, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provence, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provence, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provence, Chengdu, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provence, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Qiu Zhou, ; Lin Feng,
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provence, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Qiu Zhou, ; Lin Feng,
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Lu ZY, Feng L, Jiang WD, Wu P, Liu Y, Jiang J, Kuang SY, Tang L, Li SW, Zhong CB, Zhou XQ. Dietary mannan oligosaccharides strengthens intestinal immune barrier function via multipath cooperation during Aeromonas Hydrophila infection in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idella). Front Immunol 2022; 13:1010221. [PMID: 36177013 PMCID: PMC9513311 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, mannose oligosaccharide (MOS) as a functional additive is widely used in aquaculture, to enhance fish immunity. An evaluation of the effect of dietary MOS supplementation on the immune barrier function and related signaling molecules mechanism of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) was undertaken in the present study. Six diets with graded amounts of MOS supplementation (0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mg/kg) were fed to 540 grass carp over 60 days. To examine the immune response and potential mechanisms of MOS supplementation on the intestine, a challenge test was conducted using injections of Aeromonas hydrophila for 14 days. Results of the study on the optimal supplementation with MOS were found as follows (1) MOS enhances immunity partly related to increasing antibacterial substances content and antimicrobial peptides expression; (2) MOS attenuates inflammatory response partly related to regulating the dynamic balance of intestinal inflammatory cytokines; (3) MOS regulates immune barrier function may partly be related to modulating TLRs/MyD88/NFκB and TOR/S6K1/4EBP signalling pathways. Finally, the current study concluded that MOS supplementation could improve fish intestinal immune barrier function under Aeromonas hydrophila infected conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Lu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu-Wei Li
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng-Bo Zhong
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Qiu Zhou,
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50
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Inhibition of mTOR in bovine monocyte derived macrophages and dendritic cells provides a potential mechanism for postpartum immune dysfunction in dairy cows. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15084. [PMID: 36064574 PMCID: PMC9445052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dairy cattle experience a profound nutrient deficit postpartum that is associated with immune dysfunction characterized by heightened inflammation and reduced pathogen clearance. The activation of the central nutrient-sensing mTOR pathway is comparatively reduced in leukocytes of early postpartum dairy cows during this time of most pronounced nutrient deficit. We assessed the effect of pharmacological mTOR inhibition (Torin-1, rapamycin) on differentiation of monocyte derived classically (M1) and alternatively (M2) activated macrophages (MPh) and dendritic cells (moDC) from 12 adult dairy cows. Treatment with mTOR inhibitors generated M1 MPh with increased oxidative burst and expression of IL12 subunits but decreased phagocytosis and expression of IL1B, IL6, and IL10. In M2 MPh, treatment inhibited expression of regulatory features (CD163, ARG2, IL10) skewing the cells toward an M1-like phenotype. In moDC, mTOR inhibition increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL12A, IL12B, IL1B, IL6) and surface CD80. In co-culture with mixed lymphocytes, mTOR-inhibited moDC exhibited a cytokine profile favoring a Th1 response with increased TNF and IFNG production and decreased IL10 concentrations. We conclude that mTOR inhibition in vitro promoted differentiation of inflammatory macrophages with reduced regulatory features and generation of Th1-favoring dendritic cells. These mechanisms could contribute to immune dysregulation in postpartum dairy cows.
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