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Zhang Y, Wang W, Liu Q, Jiang J, Zhao P, Huang C, Li Y, Fu Y. CD19 +CD73 + B cells infiltration indicates poor prognosis and unfavorable responses to immunotherapy in gastric cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:113002. [PMID: 39213870 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cluster of Differentiation 73 (CD73) is expressed on immune cells and plays a significant role in tumor inhibition by suppressing antitumor immunity. The objectives of this study were to explore the expression and functional mechanisms of CD73 on B cells in patients with gastric cancer (GC). METHODS The prognostic significance of CD19+CD73+ B cells was evaluated in 390 GC patients through dual immunohistochemistry staining. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze the phenotype of the CD19 subpopulation using fresh tumor and non-tumor tissue samples from 8 GC patients. A bioinformatics analysis of CD19+CD73+ B cells was also performed within the scRNA-seq cohort, and the CD19+ B cell subtype was assessed using multiple immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS The infiltration of CD19+CD73+ B cells was observed to be elevated in gastric cancer (GC) tissue compared to normal tissues. A strong correlation was observed between high CD19+CD73+ B cell infiltration, poor overall survival, and diminished responsiveness to neoadjuvant immunotherapy in GC. These cells emerged as a novel subset of regulatory B cells (Bregs) linked to adenosine metabolism and the exhaustion of CD8+ T cells. The CD19+CD73+ B cells also correlated with the production of immunosuppressive cytokines IL-10 and TGFB1. Further analysis indicated an association between CD19+CD73+ B cells and advanced-stage GC. CONCLUSIONS The presence of CD19+CD73+ B cells in GC may serve as a prognostic indicator for clinical outcomes and a predictive marker for poor responsiveness to neoadjuvant immunotherapy. The correlation between the presence of CD19+CD73+ B cells and CD8+ T cell exhaustion, along with immunosuppression, highlights the tumor-promoting function of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wendong Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jianwu Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Surgery, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Changjun Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Kalluri R. The biology and function of extracellular vesicles in immune response and immunity. Immunity 2024; 57:1752-1768. [PMID: 39142276 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as ectosomes and exosomes, contain DNA, RNA, proteins and are encased in a phospholipid bilayer. EVs provide intralumenal cargo for delivery into the cytoplasm of recipient cells with an impact on the function of immune cells, in part because their biogenesis can also intersect with antigen processing and presentation. Motile EVs from activated immune cells may increase the frequency of immune synapses on recipient cells in a proximity-independent manner for local and long-distance modulation of systemic immunity in inflammation, autoimmunity, organ fibrosis, cancer, and infections. Natural and engineered EVs exhibit the ability to impact innate and adaptive immunity and are entering clinical trials. EVs are likely a component of an optimally functioning immune system, with the potential to serve as immunotherapeutics. Considering the evolving evidence, it is possible that EVs could be the original primordial organic units that preceded the creation of the first cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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3
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Jung KH, Kim M, Jung HJ, Koo HJ, Kim JL, Lee H, Lee KH. PET imaging of colon cancer CD73 expression using cysteine site-specific 89Zr-labeled anti-CD73 antibody. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17994. [PMID: 39097625 PMCID: PMC11297922 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68987-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
CD73 is a cell-surface ectoenzyme that hydrolyzes the conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate to adenosine, which in turn can promote resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Immune response may therefore be improved by targeting tumor CD73, and this possibility underlines the need to non-invasively assess tumor CD73 level. In this study, we developed a cysteine site-specific 89Zr-labeled anti-CD73 (89Zr-CD73) IgG immuno-PET technique that can image tumor CD73 expression in living bodies. Anti-CD73 IgG was reduced with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine, underwent sulfohydryl moiety-specific conjugation with deferoxamine-maleimide, and was radiolabeled with 89Zr. CT26 mouse colon cancer cells, CT26/CD73 cells engineered to constitutively overexpress CD73, and 4T1.2 mouse breast cancer cells underwent cell binding assays and western blotting. Balb/c nude mice bearing tumors underwent 89Zr-CD73 IgG PET imaging and biodistribution studies. 89Zr-CD73 IgG showed 20-fold higher binding to overexpressing CT26/CD73 cells compared to low-expressing CT26 cells, and moderate expressing 4T1.2 cells showed uptake that was 38.9 ± 1.51% of CT26/CD73 cells. Uptake was dramatically suppressed by excess unlabeled antibody. CD73 content proportionately increased in CT26 and CT26/CD73 cell mixtures was associated with linear increases in 89Zr-CD73 IgG uptake. 89Zr-CD73 IgG PET/CT displayed clear accumulation in CT26/CD73 tumors with greater uptake compared to CT26 tumors (3.13 ± 1.70%ID/g vs. 1.27 ± 0.31%ID/g at 8 days; P = 0.04). Specificity was further supported by low CT26/CD73 tumor-to-blood ratio of 89Zr-isotype-IgG compared to 89Zr-CD73 IgG (0.48 ± 0.08 vs. 2.68 ± 0.52 at 4 days and 0.53 ± 0.07 vs. 4.81 ± 1.02 at 8 days; both P < 0.001). Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry confirmed strong CD73 expression in CT26/CD73 tumors and low expression in CT26 tumors. 4T1.2 tumor mice also showed clear 89Zr-CD73 IgG accumulation at 8 days (3.75 ± 0.70%ID/g) with high tumor-to-blood ratio compared to 89Zr-isotype-IgG (4.91 ± 1.74 vs. 1.20 ± 0.28; P < 0.005). 89Zr-CD73 IgG specifically targeted CD73 on high expressing cancer cells in vitro and tumors in vivo. Thus, 89Zr-CD73 IgG immuno-PET may be useful for the non-invasive monitoring of CD73 expression in tumors of living subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ho Jung
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mina Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Jung
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Koo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Lim Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunjong Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Han Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea.
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Biondi A, Vacante M, Catania R, Sangiorgio G. Extracellular Vesicles and Immune System Function: Exploring Novel Approaches to Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapy. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1473. [PMID: 39062046 PMCID: PMC11275211 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review explores the emerging role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in modulating immune system function and their application in novel cancer immunotherapy strategies, with a focus on colorectal cancer (CRC). EVs, as carriers of bioactive molecules, have shown potential in enhancing immune responses and overcoming the limitations of traditional therapies. We discuss the biogenesis, types, and functional roles of immune cell-derived EVs, their interactions with cancer cells, and their implications in antitumor immunity. Challenges such as tumor heterogeneity and immune evasion are addressed, alongside the promising therapeutic prospects of EV-based strategies. This comprehensive analysis underscores the transformative potential of EVs in cancer treatment paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Biondi
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Marco Vacante
- Unit of Internal Medicine Critical Area—ARNAS Garibaldi, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesù, 5, 95124 Catania, Italy;
| | - Roberta Catania
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Sangiorgio
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.B.); (R.C.)
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Xiao L, Zhang L, Guo C, Xin Q, Gu X, Jiang C, Wu J. "Find Me" and "Eat Me" signals: tools to drive phagocytic processes for modulating antitumor immunity. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2024; 44:791-832. [PMID: 38923737 PMCID: PMC11260773 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis, a vital defense mechanism, involves the recognition and elimination of foreign substances by cells. Phagocytes, such as neutrophils and macrophages, rapidly respond to invaders; macrophages are especially important in later stages of the immune response. They detect "find me" signals to locate apoptotic cells and migrate toward them. Apoptotic cells then send "eat me" signals that are recognized by phagocytes via specific receptors. "Find me" and "eat me" signals can be strategically harnessed to modulate antitumor immunity in support of cancer therapy. These signals, such as calreticulin and phosphatidylserine, mediate potent pro-phagocytic effects, thereby promoting the engulfment of dying cells or their remnants by macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells and inducing tumor cell death. This review summarizes the phagocytic "find me" and "eat me" signals, including their concepts, signaling mechanisms, involved ligands, and functions. Furthermore, we delineate the relationships between "find me" and "eat me" signaling molecules and tumors, especially the roles of these molecules in tumor initiation, progression, diagnosis, and patient prognosis. The interplay of these signals with tumor biology is elucidated, and specific approaches to modulate "find me" and "eat me" signals and enhance antitumor immunity are explored. Additionally, novel therapeutic strategies that combine "find me" and "eat me" signals to better bridge innate and adaptive immunity in the treatment of cancer patients are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNational Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Louqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNational Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Ciliang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNational Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Qilei Xin
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanShandongP. R. China
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNational Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanShandongP. R. China
| | - Chunping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNational Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanShandongP. R. China
| | - Junhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNational Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanShandongP. R. China
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Li Z, Lin A, Gao Z, Jiang A, Xiong M, Song J, Liu Z, Cheng Q, Zhang J, Luo P. B-cell performance in chemotherapy: Unravelling the mystery of B-cell therapeutic potential. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1761. [PMID: 38997802 PMCID: PMC11245406 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND MAIN BODY The anti-tumour and tumour-promoting roles of B cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME) have gained considerable attention in recent years. As essential orchestrators of humoral immunity, B cells potentially play a crucial role in anti-tumour therapies. Chemotherapy, a mainstay in cancer treatment, influences the proliferation and function of diverse B-cell subsets and their crosstalk with the TME. Modulating B-cell function by targeting B cells or their associated cells may enhance chemotherapy efficacy, presenting a promising avenue for future targeted therapy investigations. CONCLUSION This review explores the intricate interplay between chemotherapy and B cells, underscoring the pivotal role of B cells in chemotherapy treatment. We summarise promising B-cell-related therapeutic targets, illustrating the immense potential of B cells in anti-tumour therapy. Our work lays a theoretical foundation for harnessing B cells in chemotherapy and combination strategies for cancer treatment. KEY POINTS Chemotherapy can inhibit B-cell proliferation and alter subset distributions and functions, including factor secretion, receptor signalling, and costimulation. Chemotherapy can modulate complex B-cell-T-cell interactions with variable effects on anti-tumour immunity. Targeting B-cell surface markers or signalling improves chemotherapy responses, blocks immune evasion and inhibits tumour growth. Critical knowledge gaps remain regarding B-cell interactions in TME, B-cell chemoresistance mechanisms, TLS biology, heterogeneity, spatial distributions, chemotherapy drug selection and B-cell targets that future studies should address.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizhuo Li
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhifei Gao
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Minying Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiapeng Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Tan YL, Al-Masawa ME, Eng SP, Shafiee MN, Law JX, Ng MH. Therapeutic Efficacy of Interferon-Gamma and Hypoxia-Primed Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles: Underlying Mechanisms and Potentials in Clinical Translation. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1369. [PMID: 38927577 PMCID: PMC11201753 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) hold promises for cell therapy and tissue engineering due to their self-renewal and differentiation abilities, along with immunomodulatory properties and trophic factor secretion. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from MSCs offer similar therapeutic effects. However, MSCs are heterogeneous and lead to variable outcomes. In vitro priming enhances MSC performance, improving immunomodulation, angiogenesis, proliferation, and tissue regeneration. Various stimuli, such as cytokines, growth factors, and oxygen tension, can prime MSCs. Two classical priming methods, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and hypoxia, enhance MSC immunomodulation, although standardized protocols are lacking. This review discusses priming protocols, highlighting the most commonly used concentrations and durations, along with mechanisms and in vivo therapeutics effects of primed MSCs and their EVs. The feasibility of up-scaling their production was also discussed. The review concluded that priming with IFN-γ or hypoxia (alone or in combination with other factors) boosted the immunomodulation capability of MSCs and their EVs, primarily via the JAK/STAT and PI3K/AKT and Leptin/JAK/STAT and TGF-β/Smad signalling pathways, respectively. Incorporating priming in MSC and EV production enables translation into cell-based or cell-free therapies for various disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ling Tan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.L.T.); (M.E.A.-M.); (J.X.L.)
| | - Maimonah Eissa Al-Masawa
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.L.T.); (M.E.A.-M.); (J.X.L.)
| | - Sue Ping Eng
- NK Biocell Sdn. Bhd, Unit 1-22A, 1st Floor Pusat Perdagangan Berpadu (United Point), No.10, Jalan Lang Emas, Kuala Lumpur 51200, Malaysia;
| | - Mohamad Nasir Shafiee
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Jia Xian Law
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.L.T.); (M.E.A.-M.); (J.X.L.)
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.L.T.); (M.E.A.-M.); (J.X.L.)
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8
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Delorme AS, Laguide A, Tamagne M, Pinheiro MK, Cagnet L, Neyrinck-Leglantier D, Khelfa M, Cleophax S, Pirenne F, Vingert B. Immune interactions and regulation with CD39 + extracellular vesicles from platelet concentrates. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1397967. [PMID: 38947317 PMCID: PMC11211594 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1397967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction CD39 plays an important role in the immunoregulation and inhibition of effector cells. It is expressed on immune cells, including Tregs, and on extracellular vesicles (EVs) budding from the plasma membrane. Platelet transfusion may induce alloimmunization against HLA-I antigens, leading to refractoriness to platelet transfusion with severe consequences for patients. Tregs may play a key role in determining whether alloimmunization occurs in patients with hematologic disorders. We hypothesized that CD39+ EVs might play an immunoregulatory role, particularly in the context of platelet transfusions in patients with hematologic disorders. Such alloimmunization leads to the production of alloantibodies and is sensitive to the regulatory action of CD39. Methods We characterized CD39+ EVs in platelet concentrates by flow cytometry. The absolute numbers and cellular origins of CD39+ EVs were evaluated. We also performed functional tests to evaluate interactions with immune cells and their functions. Results We found that CD39+ EVs from platelet concentrates had an inhibitory phenotype that could be transferred to the immune cells with which they interacted: CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes (TLs), dendritic cells, monocytes, and B lymphocytes (BLs). Moreover, the concentration of CD39+ EVs in platelet concentrates varied and was very high in 10% of concentrates. The number of these EVs present was determinant for EV-cell interactions. Finally, functional interactions were observed with BLs, CD4+ TLs and CD39+ EVs for immunoglobulin production and lymphoproliferation, with potential implications for the immunological management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle Silane Delorme
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mondor de la Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Creteil, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Ivry sur Seine, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Biogénèse et Pathologies du Globule Rouge (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Laguide
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mondor de la Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Creteil, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Ivry sur Seine, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Biogénèse et Pathologies du Globule Rouge (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | - Marie Tamagne
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mondor de la Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Creteil, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Ivry sur Seine, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Biogénèse et Pathologies du Globule Rouge (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | - Marion Klea Pinheiro
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mondor de la Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Creteil, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Ivry sur Seine, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Biogénèse et Pathologies du Globule Rouge (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | - Léonie Cagnet
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mondor de la Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Creteil, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Ivry sur Seine, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Biogénèse et Pathologies du Globule Rouge (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | - Deborah Neyrinck-Leglantier
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mondor de la Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Creteil, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Ivry sur Seine, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Biogénèse et Pathologies du Globule Rouge (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | - Mehdi Khelfa
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mondor de la Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Creteil, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Ivry sur Seine, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Biogénèse et Pathologies du Globule Rouge (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | | | - France Pirenne
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mondor de la Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Creteil, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Ivry sur Seine, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Biogénèse et Pathologies du Globule Rouge (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | - Benoît Vingert
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mondor de la Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Creteil, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Ivry sur Seine, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Biogénèse et Pathologies du Globule Rouge (GR-Ex), Paris, France
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Moreno-Corona NC, de León-Bautista MP, León-Juárez M, Hernández-Flores A, Barragán-Gálvez JC, López-Ortega O. Rab GTPases, Active Members in Antigen-Presenting Cells, and T Lymphocytes. Traffic 2024; 25:e12950. [PMID: 38923715 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Processes such as cell migration, phagocytosis, endocytosis, and exocytosis refer to the intense exchange of information between the internal and external environment in the cells, known as vesicular trafficking. In eukaryotic cells, these essential cellular crosstalks are controlled by Rab GTPases proteins through diverse adaptor proteins like SNAREs complex, coat proteins, phospholipids, kinases, phosphatases, molecular motors, actin, or tubulin cytoskeleton, among others, all necessary for appropriate mobilization of vesicles and distribution of molecules. Considering these molecular events, Rab GTPases are critical components in specific biological processes of immune cells, and many reports refer primarily to macrophages; therefore, in this review, we address specific functions in immune cells, concretely in the mechanism by which the GTPase contributes in dendritic cells (DCs) and, T/B lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mercedes Piedad de León-Bautista
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Vasco de Quiroga, Morelia, Mexico
- Human Health, Laboratorio de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Genómica (INEX LAB), Morelia, Mexico
| | - Moises León-Juárez
- Laboratorio de Virología Perinatal y Diseño Molecular de Antígenos y Biomarcadores, Departamento de Inmunobioquimica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Carlos Barragán-Gálvez
- División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Orestes López-Ortega
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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10
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Shi Y, Yao F, Yin Y, Wu C, Xia D, Zhang K, Jin Z, Liu X, He J, Zhang Z. Extracellular vesicles derived from immune cells: Role in tumor therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112150. [PMID: 38669949 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which have a lipid nano-sized structure, are known to contain the active components of parental cells and play a crucial role in intercellular communication. The progression and metastasis of tumors are influenced by EVs derived from immune cells, which can simultaneously stimulate and suppress immune responses. In the past few decades, there has been a considerable focus on EVs due to their potential in various areas such as the development of vaccines, delivering drugs, making engineered modifications, and serving as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. This review focuses on the substance information present in EVs derived from innate and adaptive immune cells, their effects on the immune system, and their applications in cancer treatment. While there are still challenges to overcome, it is important to explore the composition of immune cells released vesicles and their potential therapeutic role in tumor therapy. The review also highlights the current limitations and future prospects in utilizing EVs for treatment purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Fei Yao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Yao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Chen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Desong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Keyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ze Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Jian He
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530023, China.
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11
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Shi M, Ye L, Zhao L, He L, Chen J, Zhang J, Su Y, Dong H, Liu J, Liang L, Zheng W, Xiao Y, Liu H, Yang X, Yang Z. Tumor derived exosomal ENTPD2 impair CD8 + T cell function in colon cancer through ATP-adenosine metabolism reprogramming. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:274. [PMID: 38755598 PMCID: PMC11097558 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01654-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular ATP-AMP-adenosine metabolism plays a pivotal role in modulating tumor immune responses. Previous studies have shown that the conversion of ATP to AMP is primarily catalysed by Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (ENTPD1/CD39), a widely studied ATPase, which is expressed in tumor-associated immune cells. However, the function of ATPases derived from tumor cells themselves remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of colon cancer cell-derived ATPases in the development and progression of colon cancer. METHODS Bioinformatic and tissue microarray analyses were performed to investigate the expression of ATPase family members in colon cancer. An ATP hydrolysis assay, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and CCK8 and colony formation assays were used to determine the effects of ENTPD2 on the biological functions of colon cancer cells. Flow cytometric and RNA-seq analyses were used to explore the function of CD8+ T cells. Immunoelectron microscopy and western blotting were used to evaluate the expression of ENTPD2 in exosomes. Double-labelling immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to examine the expression of ENTPD2 in serum exosomes and colon cancer tissues. RESULTS We found that ENTPD2, rather than the well-known ATPase CD39, is highly expressed in cancer cells and is significantly positively associated with poor patient prognosis in patients with colon cancer. The overexpression of ENTPD2 in cancer cells augmented tumor progression in immunocompetent mice by inhibiting the function of CD8+ T cells. Moreover, ENTPD2 is localized primarily within exosomes. On the one hand, exosomal ENTPD2 reduces extracellular ATP levels, thereby inhibiting P2X7R-mediated NFATc1 nuclear transcription; on the other hand, it facilitates the increased conversion of ATP to adenosine, hence promoting adenosine-A2AR pathway activity. In patients with colon cancer, the serum level of exosomal ENTPD2 is positively associated with advanced TNM stage and high tumor invasion depth. Moreover, the level of ENTPD2 in the serum exosomes of colon cancer patients is positively correlated with the ENTPD2 expression level in paired colon cancer tissues, and the ENTPD2 level in both serum exosomes and tissues is significantly negatively correlated with the ENTPD2 expression level in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that exosomal ENTPD2, originated from colon cancer cells, contributes to the immunosuppressive microenvironment by promoting ATP-adenosine metabolism. These findings highlight the importance of exosome-derived hydrolytic enzymes as independent entities in shaping the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchen Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Linsen Ye
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Lingyuan He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Junxiong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Jingdan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yixi Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Haiyan Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Liumei Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Wenwen Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yanhong Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Huanliang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Xiangling Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Zihuan Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
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12
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Xiao Q, Huang J, Wang X, Chen Z, Zhang W, Liu F, Li J, Yang Z, Zhan J, Cai Y. Supramolecular Peptide Amphiphile Nanospheres Reprogram Tumor-associated Macrophage to Reshape the Immune Microenvironment for Enhanced Breast Cancer Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307390. [PMID: 38100300 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy has become a research hotspot in cancer treatment, with macrophages playing a crucial role in tumor development. However, the tumor microenvironment restricts macrophage functionality, limiting their therapeutic potential. Therefore, modulating macrophage function and polarization is essential for enhancing tumor immunotherapy outcomes. Here, a supramolecular peptide amphiphile drug-delivery system (SPADS) is utilized to reprogram macrophages and reshape the tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) for immune-based therapies. The approach involved designing highly specific SPADS that selectively targets surface receptors of M2-type macrophages (M2-Mφ). These targeted peptides induced M2-Mφ repolarization into M1-type macrophages by dual inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stresses, resulting in improved macrophagic antitumor activity and immunoregulatory function. Additionally, TIM reshaping disrupted the immune evasion mechanisms employed by tumor cells, leading to increased infiltration, and activation of immune cells. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of macrophage reshaping and anti-PD-1 antibody (aPD-1) therapy significantly improved the immune system's ability to recognize and eliminate tumor cells, thereby enhancing tumor immunotherapy efficacy. SPADS utilization also induced lung metastasis suppression. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of SPADS to drive macrophage reprogramming and reshape TIM, providing new insights, and directions for developing more effective immunotherapeutic approaches in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuqun Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jinyan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zehong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, P. R. China
| | - Fengjiao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Jiejing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Zhimou Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jie Zhan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yanbin Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
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13
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Yao C, Zhang H, Wang C. Recent advances in therapeutic engineered extracellular vesicles. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:7825-7840. [PMID: 38533676 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05470e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are natural particles secreted by living cells, which hold significant potential for various therapeutic applications. Native EVs have specific components and structures, allowing them to cross biological barriers, and circulate in vivo for a long time. Native EVs have also been bioengineered to enhance their therapeutic efficacy and targeting affinity. Recently, the therapeutic potential of surface-engineered EVs has been explored in the treatment of tumors, autoimmune diseases, infections and other diseases by ongoing research and clinical trials. In this review, we will introduce the modified methods of engineered EVs, summarize the application of engineered EVs in preclinical and clinical trials, and discuss the opportunities and challenges for the clinical translation of surface-engineered EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Yao
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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14
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Lu X, Song Z, Hao J, Kong X, Yuan W, Shen Y, Zhang C, Yang J, Yu P, Qian Y, Zhang G, Feng H, Wang J, Cai Z, Cai Z. Proton pump inhibitors enhance macropinocytosis-mediated extracellular vesicle endocytosis by inducing membrane v-ATPase assembly. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12426. [PMID: 38532609 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Besides participating in diverse pathological and physiological processes, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are also excellent drug-delivery vehicles. However, clinical drugs modulating EV levels are still lacking. Here, we show that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduce EVs by enhancing macropinocytosis-mediated EV uptake. PPIs accelerate intestinal cell endocytosis of autocrine immunosuppressive EVs through macropinocytosis, thereby aggravating inflammatory bowel disease. PPI-induced macropinocytosis facilitates the clearance of immunosuppressive EVs from tumour cells, improving antitumor immunity. PPI-induced macropinocytosis also increases doxorubicin and antisense oligonucleotides of microRNA-155 delivery efficiency by EVs, leading to enhanced therapeutic effects of drug-loaded EVs on tumours and acute liver failure. Mechanistically, PPIs reduce cytosolic pH, promote ATP6V1A (v-ATPase subunit) disassembly from the vacuolar membrane and enhance the assembly of plasma membrane v-ATPases, thereby inducing macropinocytosis. Altogether, our results reveal a mechanism for macropinocytic regulation and PPIs as potential modulators of EV levels, thus regulating their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinliang Lu
- Institute of Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengbo Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayue Hao
- Institute of Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianghui Kong
- Institute of Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiyi Yuan
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Orthopaedics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Shen
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Key lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengyan Zhang
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Orthopaedics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Yu
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Qian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gensheng Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huajun Feng
- Ecological-Environment & Health College, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianli Wang
- Institute of Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhai Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Cai
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Orthopaedics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Liu Z, Liu X, Zhang W, Gao R, Wei H, Yu CY. Current advances in modulating tumor hypoxia for enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Acta Biomater 2024; 176:1-27. [PMID: 38232912 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of most solid tumors, which promotes the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance of tumors. Researchers have been developing advanced strategies and nanoplatforms to modulate tumor hypoxia to enhance therapeutic effects. A timely review of this rapidly developing research topic is therefore highly desirable. For this purpose, this review first introduces the impact of hypoxia on tumor development and therapeutic resistance in detail. Current developments in the construction of various nanoplatforms to enhance tumor treatment in response to hypoxia are also systematically summarized, including hypoxia-overcoming, hypoxia-exploiting, and hypoxia-disregarding strategies. We provide a detailed discussion of the rationale and research progress of these strategies. Through a review of current trends, it is hoped that this comprehensive overview can provide new prospects for clinical application in tumor treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As a common feature of most solid tumors, hypoxia significantly promotes tumor progression. Advanced nanoplatforms have been developed to modulate tumor hypoxia to enhanced therapeutic effects. In this review, we first introduce the impact of hypoxia on tumor progression. Current developments in the construction of various nanoplatforms to enhance tumor treatment in response to hypoxia are systematically summarized, including hypoxia-overcoming, hypoxia-exploiting, and hypoxia-disregarding strategies. We discuss the rationale and research progress of the above strategies in detail, and finally introduce future challenges for treatment of hypoxic tumors. By reviewing the current trends, this comprehensive overview can provide new prospects for clinical translatable tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Liu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Xinping Liu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Ruijie Gao
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Cui-Yun Yu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
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16
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Winzer R, Nguyen DH, Schoppmeier F, Cortesi F, Gagliani N, Tolosa E. Purinergic enzymes on extracellular vesicles: immune modulation on the go. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1362996. [PMID: 38426088 PMCID: PMC10902224 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1362996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
An increase in the extracellular concentration of ATP as a consequence of cellular stress or cell death results in the activation of immune cells. To prevent inflammation, extracellular ATP is rapidly metabolized to adenosine, which deploys an anti-inflammatory signaling cascade upon binding to P1 receptors on immune cells. The ectonucleotidases necessary for the degradation of ATP and generation of adenosine are present on the cell membrane of many immune cells, and their expression is tightly regulated under conditions of inflammation. The discovery that extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry purinergic enzyme activity has brought forward the concept of EVs as a new player in immune regulation. Adenosine-generating EVs derived from cancer cells suppress the anti-tumor response, while EVs derived from immune or mesenchymal stem cells contribute to the restoration of homeostasis after infection. Here we will review the existing knowledge on EVs containing purinergic enzymes and molecules, and discuss the relevance of these EVs in immune modulation and their potential for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riekje Winzer
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Du Hanh Nguyen
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix Schoppmeier
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Filippo Cortesi
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Tolosa
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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17
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Lyu C, Sun H, Sun Z, Liu Y, Wang Q. Roles of exosomes in immunotherapy for solid cancers. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:106. [PMID: 38302430 PMCID: PMC10834551 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06494-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Although immunotherapy has made breakthrough progress, its efficacy in solid tumours remains unsatisfactory. Exosomes are the main type of extracellular vesicles that can deliver various intracellular molecules to adjacent or distant cells and organs, mediating various biological functions. Studies have found that exosomes can both activate the immune system and inhibit the immune system. The antigen and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) carried in exosomes make it possible to develop them as anticancer vaccines. Exosomes derived from blood, urine, saliva and cerebrospinal fluid can be used as ideal biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In recent years, exosome-based therapy has made great progress in the fields of drug transportation and immunotherapy. Here, we review the composition and sources of exosomes in the solid cancer immune microenvironment and further elaborate on the potential mechanisms and pathways by which exosomes influence immunotherapy for solid cancers. Moreover, we summarize the potential clinical application prospects of engineered exosomes and exosome vaccines in immunotherapy for solid cancers. Eventually, these findings may open up avenues for determining the potential of exosomes for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in solid cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lyu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhenqiang Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
| | - Qiming Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
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18
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Huang W, Yu M, Sun S, Yu L, Wen S, Liu Y, Peng Z, Hao H, Wang T, Wu M. Mitochondrial-Targeting Nanotrapper Captured Copper Ions to Alleviate Tumor Hypoxia for Amplified Photoimmunotherapy in Breast Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2166-2179. [PMID: 38170968 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a pervasive feature of solid tumors, which significantly limits the therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and further influences the immunotherapy efficiency in breast cancer. However, the transient alleviation of tumor hypoxia fails to address the underlying issue of increased oxygen consumption, resulting from the rapid proliferation of tumor cells. At present, studies have found that the reduction of the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) by cytochrome C oxidase (COX) inhibition that induced oxidative phosphorylation (OXHPOS) suppression was able to solve the proposed problem. Herein, we developed a specific mitochondrial-targeting nanotrapper (I@MSN-Im-PEG), which exhibited good copper chelating ability to inhibit COX for reducing the OCR. The results proved that the nanotrapper significantly alleviated the hypoxic tumor microenvironment by copper chelation in mitochondria and enhanced the PDT effect in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, the nanotrapper improved photoimmunotherapy through both enhancing PDT-induced immunogenetic cell death (ICD) effects and reversing Treg-mediated immune suppression on 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. The mitochondrial-targeting nanotrapper provided a novel and efficacious strategy to enhance the PDT effect and amplify photoimmunotherapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Mian Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Shengjie Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Liu Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Simin Wen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Yuanqi Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Zhangwen Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Huisong Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Meiying Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
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19
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Zhang H, Du Z, Tu C, Zhou X, Menu E, Wang J. Hypoxic Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Secrete miR-140-5p and miR-28-3p That Target SPRED1 to Confer Drug Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Cancer Res 2024; 84:39-55. [PMID: 37756570 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC)-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEV) promote drug resistance to bortezomib in multiple myeloma cells. Elucidating the components of BMSC sEV that induce drug resistance in multiple myeloma cells could help identify strategies to overcome resistance. Considering the hypoxic nature of the myeloma microenvironment, we explored the role of hypoxia in regulating BMSC sEV cargo and investigated whether hypoxia-driven sEV miRNAs contribute to the drug resistance in multiple myeloma cells. Hypoxia increased the release of sEVs from BMSCs, and these sEVs more strongly attenuated bortezomib sensitivity in multiple myeloma cells than sEVs from BMSCs under normoxic conditions. RNA sequencing revealed that significantly elevated levels of miR-140-5p and miR-28-3p were enclosed in hypoxic BMSC-derived sEVs. Both miR-140-5p and miR-28-3p conferred bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma cells by synergistically targeting SPRED1, a member of the Sprouty protein family that regulates MAPK activation. SPRED1 inhibition reduced sensitivity to bortezomib in multiple myeloma cells through activating MAPK-related pathways and significantly promoted multiple myeloma bortezomib resistance and tumor growth in a mouse model. These findings shed light on the role of hypoxia-induced miRNAs shuttled in BMSC-derived sEVs to multiple myeloma cells in inducing drug resistance and identify the miR-140-5p/miR-28-3p/SPRED1/MAPK pathway as a potential targetable axis for treating multiple myeloma. SIGNIFICANCE Hypoxia induces stromal cells to secrete extracellular vesicles with increased miR-140-5p and miR-28-3p that are transferred to multiple myeloma cells and drive drug resistance by increasing the MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Du
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenggong Tu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xinyan Zhou
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Eline Menu
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jinheng Wang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Chen Z, Guan D, Wang Z, Li X, Dong S, Huang J, Zhou W. Microbiota in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e417. [PMID: 37937304 PMCID: PMC10626288 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The diverse bacterial populations within the symbiotic microbiota play a pivotal role in both health and disease. Microbiota modulates critical aspects of tumor biology including cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. This regulation occurs through mechanisms like enhancing genomic damage, hindering gene repair, activating aberrant cell signaling pathways, influencing tumor cell metabolism, promoting revascularization, and remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment. These microbiota-mediated effects significantly impact overall survival and the recurrence of tumors after surgery by affecting the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy. Moreover, leveraging the microbiota for the development of biovectors, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, in addition to utilizing antibiotics, dietary adjustments, defensins, oncolytic virotherapy, and fecal microbiota transplantation, offers promising alternatives for cancer treatment. Nonetheless, due to the extensive and diverse nature of the microbiota, along with tumor heterogeneity, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of microbiota in cancer remain a subject of intense debate. In this context, we refocus on various cancers, delving into the molecular signaling pathways associated with the microbiota and its derivatives, the reshaping of the tumor microenvironmental matrix, and the impact on tolerance to tumor treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This exploration aims to shed light on novel perspectives and potential applications in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Defeng Guan
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Zhengfeng Wang
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Xin Li
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Shi Dong
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Junjun Huang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Wence Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
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21
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Kugeratski FG, LeBleu VS, Dowlatshahi DP, Sugimoto H, Arian KA, Fan Y, Huang L, Wells D, Lilla S, Hodge K, Zanivan S, McAndrews KM, Kalluri R. Engineered immunomodulatory extracellular vesicles derived from epithelial cells acquire capacity for positive and negative T cell co-stimulation in cancer and autoimmunity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.02.565371. [PMID: 37961535 PMCID: PMC10635085 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.02.565371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are generated by all cells and systemic administration of allogenic EVs derived from epithelial and mesenchymal cells have been shown to be safe, despite carrying an array of functional molecules, including thousands of proteins. To address whether epithelial cells derived EVs can be modified to acquire the capacity to induce immune response, we engineered 293T EVs to harbor the immunomodulatory CD80, OX40L and PD-L1 molecules. We demonstrated abundant levels of these proteins on the engineered cells and EVs. Functionally, the engineered EVs efficiently elicit positive and negative co-stimulation in human and murine T cells. In the setting of cancer and auto-immune hepatitis, the engineered EVs modulate T cell functions and alter disease progression. Moreover, OX40L EVs provide additional benefit to anti-CTLA-4 treatment in melanoma-bearing mice. Our work provides evidence that epithelial cell derived EVs can be engineered to induce immune responses with translational potential to modulate T cell functions in distinct pathological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda G. Kugeratski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Valerie S. LeBleu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Dara P. Dowlatshahi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Hikaru Sugimoto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Kent A. Arian
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Yibo Fan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Danielle Wells
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Sergio Lilla
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Kelly Hodge
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Sara Zanivan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kathleen M. McAndrews
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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22
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Yoo S, Choi S, Kim I, Kim IS. Hypoxic regulation of extracellular vesicles: Implications for cancer therapy. J Control Release 2023; 363:201-220. [PMID: 37739015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a pivotal role in intercellular communication and have been implicated in cancer progression. Hypoxia, a pervasive hallmark of cancer, is known to regulate EV biogenesis and function. Hypoxic EVs contain a specific set of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites, capable of reprogramming the biology and fate of recipient cells. Enhancing the intrinsic therapeutic efficacy of EVs can be achieved by strategically modifying their structure and contents. Moreover, the use of EVs as drug delivery vehicles holds great promise for cancer treatment. However, various hurdles must be overcome to enable their clinical application as cancer therapeutics. In this review, we aim to discuss the current knowledge on the hypoxic regulation of EVs. Additionally, we will describe the underlying mechanisms by which EVs contribute to cancer progression in hypoxia and outline the progress and limitations of hypoxia-related EV therapeutics for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongkyeong Yoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea; Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Sanga Choi
- Department of Pharmacology and Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea; Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Iljin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea; Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea.
| | - In-San Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea.
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23
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Li W, Chen X, Zou F, He X. Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Hypoxia-Treated Human Adipose Stem Cells Increase Proliferation and Angiogenic Differentiation in Human Adipose Stem Cells. Aesthet Surg J 2023; 43:NP924-NP933. [PMID: 37158152 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjad139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are crucial in cell-assisted lipotransfer (CAL). ADSC-derived exosomes could improve the survival of CAL. Almost all relevant research now ignores ADSCs in favor of studying the proangiogenic potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). OBJECTIVES Given the significance of ADSCs in CAL, the authors sought to verify that EVs from ADSCs under hypoxia treatment can enhance the angiogenic potential of ADSCs. METHODS EVs were harvested from human ADSCs (hADSCs) under normoxia and hypoxia. A Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to measure the proliferation of hADSCs. By examining the expression of CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, and vascular endothelial growth factor, the pro-angiogenic differentiation potential was assessed. Moreover, a tube formation experiment was carried out to evaluate the pro-angiogenic differentiation potential. RESULTS Hypoxic EVs showed more significant pro-proliferative and pro-angiogenic potential. Angiogenesis was more vigorous in hADSCs treated with hypoxic EVs than in those treated with nomorxic EVs. The hADSCs treated with hypoxic EVs expressed higher angiogenic markers, according to real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis, which revealed more angiogenic marker expression in hypoxic EV-treated hADSCs. The same result was demonstrated by tube formation on Matrigel in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Hypoxic EVs significantly increased the proliferation and angiogenic differentiation potential of hADSCs. Hypoxic EV-treated ADSCs may be beneficial to CAL and prevascularized tissue-engineered constructs.
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24
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Lin W, Lin Y, Chao H, Lin Y, Hwang W. Haematopoietic cell-derived exosomes in cancer development and therapeutics: From basic science to clinical practice. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1448. [PMID: 37830387 PMCID: PMC10571015 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumour microenvironment (TME) is a specialised niche involving intercellular communication among cancer cells and various host cells. Among the host cells, the quantity and quality of immune cells within the TME play essential roles in cancer development and management. The immunologically suppressive, so-called 'cold' TME established by a series of tumour-host interactions, including generating immunosuppressive cytokines and recruiting regulatory host immune cells, is associated with resistance to therapies and worse clinical outcomes. MAIN BODY Various therapeutic approaches have been used to target the cold TME, including immune checkpoint blockade therapy and adoptive T-cell transfer. A promising, less explored therapeutic strategy involves targeting TME-associated exosomes. Exosomes are nanometer-sized, extracellular vesicles that transfer material from donor to recipient cells. These particles can reprogram the recipient cells and modulate the TME. In particular, exosomes from haematopoietic cells are known to promote or suppress cancer progression under specific conditions. Understanding the effects of haematopoietic cell-secreted exosomes may foster the development of therapeutic exosomes (tExos) for personalised cancer treatment. However, the development of exosome-based therapies has unique challenges, including scalable production, purification, storage and delivery of exosomes and controlling batch variations. Clinical trials are being conducted to verify the safety, feasibility, availability and efficacy of tExos. CONCLUSION This review summarises our understanding of how haematopoietic cell-secreted exosomes regulate the TME and antitumour immunity and highlights present challenges and solutions for haematopoietic cell-derived exosome-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Chun Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - You‐Tong Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hui‐Ching Chao
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yen‐Yu Lin
- Department of Pathology, Fu Jen Catholic University HospitalFu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineFu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Lun Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Cancer and Immunology Research CenterNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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25
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Gutknecht MF, Holodick NE, Rothstein TL. B cell extracellular vesicles contain monomeric IgM that binds antigen and enters target cells. iScience 2023; 26:107526. [PMID: 37636058 PMCID: PMC10448175 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The production and release of small phospholipid membrane vesicles, or extracellular vesicles (EVs), is a trait of most prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. EVs display heterogeneity in content, size, biogenesis, activity, and function. B cells uniquely express immunoglobulin and produce EVs; however, the relationship between these entities has not been clarified. Here, we used several methodologies to isolate large (11,000 × g) and small (110,000 × g) EVs and evaluate their IgM content, characteristics and activity. We found that B cells from multiple cell lines and primary B cells produce EVs that display monomeric IgM on the surface and contain encapsulated monomeric IgM, which is independent of secreted pentameric IgM. Our data indicate EV IgM can bind antigen specifically, and EV IgM can be incorporated intracellularly into secondary cells. These results suggest immunological activities different from secreted pentameric IgM that may constitute a separate and distinct antibody distribution system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F. Gutknecht
- Department of Investigative Medicine and Center for Immunobiology, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Nichol E. Holodick
- Department of Investigative Medicine and Center for Immunobiology, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Thomas L. Rothstein
- Department of Investigative Medicine and Center for Immunobiology, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
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26
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Moya-Guzmán MJ, de Solminihac J, Padilla C, Rojas C, Pinto C, Himmel T, Pino-Lagos K. Extracellular Vesicles from Immune Cells: A Biomedical Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13775. [PMID: 37762077 PMCID: PMC10531060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on the role of extracellular vesicles (sEV) in physiology has demonstrated their undoubted importance in processes such as the transportation of molecules with significance for cell metabolism, cell communication, and the regulation of mechanisms such as cell differentiation, inflammation, and immunity. Although the role of EVs in the immune response is actively investigated, there is little literature revising, in a comprehensive manner, the role of small EVs produced by immune cells. Here, we present a review of studies reporting the release of sEV by different types of leukocytes and the implications of such observations on cellular homeostasis. We also discuss the function of immune cell-derived sEV and their relationship with pathological states, highlighting their potential application in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Karina Pino-Lagos
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Av. Plaza 2501, Las Condes, Santiago 755000, Chile
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27
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Torrecillas-Baena B, Pulido-Escribano V, Dorado G, Gálvez-Moreno MÁ, Camacho-Cardenosa M, Casado-Díaz A. Clinical Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Bone Regeneration. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4385. [PMID: 37445420 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism is regulated by osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and stem cells. Pathologies such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis, and traumatic fractures require effective treatments that favor bone formation and regeneration. Among these, cell therapy based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) has been proposed. MSC are osteoprogenitors, but their regenerative activity depends in part on their paracrine properties. These are mainly mediated by extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion. EV modulates regenerative processes such as inflammation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Thus, MSC-EV are currently an important tool for the development of cell-free therapies in regenerative medicine. This review describes the current knowledge of the effects of MSC-EV in the different phases of bone regeneration. MSC-EV has been used by intravenous injection, directly or in combination with different types of biomaterials, in preclinical models of bone diseases. They have shown great clinical potential in regenerative medicine applied to bone. These findings should be confirmed through standardization of protocols, a better understanding of the mechanisms of action, and appropriate clinical trials. All that will allow the translation of such cell-free therapy to human clinic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Torrecillas-Baena
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición-GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Victoria Pulido-Escribano
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición-GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gabriel Dorado
- Department Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus Rabanales C6-1-E17, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Gálvez-Moreno
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición-GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marta Camacho-Cardenosa
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición-GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Casado-Díaz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición-GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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28
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Xiong J, Chi H, Yang G, Zhao S, Zhang J, Tran LJ, Xia Z, Yang F, Tian G. Revolutionizing anti-tumor therapy: unleashing the potential of B cell-derived exosomes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1188760. [PMID: 37342327 PMCID: PMC10277631 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells occupy a vital role in the functioning of the immune system, working in tandem with T cells to either suppress or promote tumor growth within the tumor microenvironment(TME). In addition to direct cell-to-cell communication, B cells and other cells release exosomes, small membrane vesicles ranging in size from 30-150 nm, that facilitate intercellular signaling. Exosome research is an important development in cancer research, as they have been shown to carry various molecules such as major histocompatibility complex(MHC) molecules and integrins, which regulate the TME. Given the close association between TME and cancer development, targeting substances within the TME has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the contributions made by B cells and exosomes to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, we delve into the potential role of B cell-derived exosomes in the progression of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Xiong
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hao Chi
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Guanhu Yang
- Department of Specialty Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Songyun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, The University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, United States
| | - Lisa Jia Tran
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhijia Xia
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gang Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Chen Y, Li Y, Wu Y, Chen S, Jin X, Chen X, Fei B, Xue X, Wu R, Chai K. Yiwei decoction promotes apoptosis of gastric cancer cells through spleen-derived exosomes. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1144955. [PMID: 37324462 PMCID: PMC10267389 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1144955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Yiwei decoction (YWD) is a formula of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that is clinically effective for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer recurrence and metastasis. According to the theory of TCM, YWD tonifies the body and strengthens the body's resistance to gastric cancer recurrence and metastasis potentially via the immune regulation of the spleen. The aims of the present study were to investigate whether YWD-treated spleen-derived exosomes in rats inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells, to elucidate the anticancer effects of YWD, and to provide evidence supporting the use of YWD as a new clinical treatment for gastric cancer. Spleen-derived exosomes were obtained by ultracentrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blot analysis. The location of the exosomes in tumor cells was then determined by immunofluorescence staining. After tumor cells were treated with different concentrations of exosomes, the effect of exosomes on cell proliferation was determined by cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) and colony formation assays. Tumor cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Particle analysis and western blot analysis identified the material extracted from spleen tissue supernatant as exosomes. Immunofluorescence staining showed that spleen-derived exosomes were taken up by HGC-27 cells, and the CCK8 assay confirmed that the relative tumor inhibition rate of YWD-treated spleen-derived exosomes in the 30 μg/mL reached 70.78% compared to control exosomes in the 30 μg/mL (p < 0.05). Compared to control exosomes in the 30 μg/mL, the colony formation assay indicated that YWD-treated spleen-derived exosomes in the 30 μg/mL colonies have decreased by 99.03% (p < 0.01). Moreover, flow cytometry analysis showed that treatment with YWD-treated exosomes in the 30 μg/mL increased the apoptosis rate to 43.27%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group in the 30 μg/mL (25.91%) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, spleen-derived exosomes from YWD-treated animals inhibit the proliferation of HGC-27 cells via inducing apoptosis, suggesting that spleen-derived exosomes are involved in mediating the antitumor effect of YWD. These results demonstrated a novel exosome-mediated anticancer effect of YWD as a TCM formula, thereby supporting the use of YWD-treated exosomes as a new approach for the clinical treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhi Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiyong Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Stark Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Xuan Chen
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baoying Fei
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Xue
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Renzhao Wu
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kequn Chai
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Li C, Zhang L, Jin Q, Jiang H, Wu C. CD39 (ENTPD1) in tumors: a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker. Biomark Med 2023; 17:563-576. [PMID: 37713234 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2023-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
As a regulator of the dynamic balance between immune-activated extracellular ATP and immunosuppressive adenosine, CD39 ectonucleotidase impairs the ability of immune cells to exert anticancer immunity and plays an important role in the immune escape of tumor cells within the tumor microenvironment. In addition, CD39 has been studied in cancer patients to evaluate the prognosis, the efficacy of immunotherapy (e.g., PD-1 blockade) and the prediction of recurrence. This article reviews the importance of CD39 in tumor immunology, summarizes the preclinical evidence on targeting CD39 to treat tumors and focuses on the potential of CD39 as a biomarker to evaluate the prognosis and the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Li
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Litian Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qiqi Jin
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Haoyun Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chongyang Wu
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Jain D, Somasundaram DB, Aravindan S, Yu Z, Baker A, Esmaeili A, Aravindan N. Prognostic significance of NT5E/CD73 in neuroblastoma and its function in CSC stemness maintenance. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:967-989. [PMID: 34773529 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09658-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 73 (CD73), a cell surface enzyme that catalyzes adenosine monophosphate (AMP) breakdown to adenosine, is differentially expressed in cancers and has prognostic significance. We investigated its expression profile in neuroblastoma (NB), its association with NB clinical outcomes, and its influence in the regulation of cancer stem cells' (CSCs) stemness maintenance. RNA-Seq data mining (22 independent study cohorts, total n = 3836) indicated that high CD73 can predict good NB prognosis. CD73 expression (immunohistochemistry) gauged in an NB patient cohort (n = 87) showed a positive correlation with longer overall survival (OS, P = 0.0239) and relapse-free survival (RFS, P = 0.0242). Similarly, high CD73 correlated with longer OS and RFS in advanced disease stages, MYCN non-amplified (MYCN-na), and Stage-4-MYCN-na subsets. Despite no definite association in children < 2 years old (2Y), high CD73 correlated with longer OS (P = 0.0294) and RFS (P = 0.0315) in children > 2Y. Consistently, high CD73 was associated with better OS in MYCN-na, high-risk, and stage-4 subsets of children > 2Y. Multivariate analysis identified CD73 as an independent (P = 0.001) prognostic factor for NB. Silencing CD73 in patient-derived (stage 4, progressive disease) CHLA-171 and CHLA-172 cells revealed cell-line-independent activation of 58 CSC stemness maintenance molecules (QPCR profiling). Overexpressing CD73 in CHLA-20 and CHLA-90 cells with low CD73 and silencing in CHLA-171 and CHLA-172 cells with high CD73 showed that CD73 regulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition (E-Cadherin, N-Cadherin, Vimentin), stemness maintenance (Sox2, Nanog, Oct3/4), self-renewal capacity (Notch), and differentiation inhibition (leukemia inhibitory factor, LIF) proteins (confocal-immunofluorescence). These results demonstrate that high CD73 can predict good prognosis in NB, and further suggest that CD73 regulates stemness maintenance in cells that defy clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drishti Jain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Dinesh Babu Somasundaram
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Zhongxin Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ashley Baker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Azadeh Esmaeili
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Natarajan Aravindan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Das K, Mukherjee T, Shankar P. The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis of Hematological Malignancies: Interaction with Tumor Microenvironment; a Potential Biomarker and Targeted Therapy. Biomolecules 2023; 13:897. [PMID: 37371477 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the development and progression of hematological malignancies. In recent years, studies have focused on understanding how tumor cells communicate within the TME. In addition to several factors, such as growth factors, cytokines, extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, etc., a growing body of evidence has indicated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in the communication of tumor cells within the TME, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies. The present review focuses on how EVs derived from tumor cells interact with the cells in the TME, such as immune cells, stromal cells, endothelial cells, and ECM components, and vice versa, in the context of various hematological malignancies. EVs recovered from the body fluids of cancer patients often carry the bioactive molecules of the originating cells and hence can be considered new predictive biomarkers for specific types of cancer, thereby also acting as potential therapeutic targets. Here, we discuss how EVs influence hematological tumor progression via tumor-host crosstalk and their use as biomarkers for hematological malignancies, thereby benefiting the development of potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Das
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Tyler Health Science Center, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Tanmoy Mukherjee
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, The University of Texas at Tyler Health Science Center, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Prem Shankar
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, The University of Texas at Tyler Health Science Center, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
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Hu N, Qu Y, Liu TY, Zhou Y, Liu C, Wang JH, Yang BF, Li CL. Immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of Tiepishihu Xiyangshen granules on cyclophosphamide induced immuno-suppression via TLR4/MAPKs and PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a signal pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 307:116192. [PMID: 36706933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tiepishihu Xiyangshen granules (TXG) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula composed of Panax quinquefolius L, Dendrobium officinale Kimura & Migo and Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst. It has long been used as a nutritional supplement and an immune enhancer in China. However, the immunomodulatory effects and the underlying mechanisms of TXG have not been clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of TXG and clarify the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHOD TXG was administered by gavage for 18 days. From the 15th day, the immunosuppression model was induced by intraperitoneally injecting 80 mg/kg CTX for 3 days. The immune regulatory effects of TXG on immune organs were verified by calculating the organ index and observing the spleen tissue structure through HE staining. The effects of TXG on immune cells were examined by recording the PBWC, the proliferation rate of lymphocyte and the T lymphocyte phenotype. The effects of TXG on immune molecules were measured by detecting serum hemolysin and the content of cytokines. In parallel, kit was utilized to detect its antioxidant capacity. RNA seq and Western blot were used to analyze the possible immune regulation mechanism of TXG. HPLC and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS were used to identify the chemical components in TXG. RESULTS At the level of immune organs, TXG effectively reduced the adverse reaction to the body and the substantial damage to the spleen after chemotherapy by improving the spleen damage. At the level of immune molecules, TXG upregulated the expression of cytokines and antibodies. At the level of immune cells, TXG antagonized bone marrow suppression by increasing the PBWC of immunosuppressed mice. Meanwhile, TXG upregulated the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ lymphocytes and ameliorated the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes. And the mechanism of TXG to improve immunity might be through TLR4/MAPKs and PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a signaling pathways. CONCLUSION The results of this study confirmed that TXG has prominent immunomodulatory activities, and the immunity regulations of TXG may be achieved by regulating TLR4/MAPKs and PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Qu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ting-Yu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jin-Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bao-Feng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Department of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Chun-Li Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Xiong L, Wei Y, Jia Q, Chen J, Chen T, Yuan J, Pi C, Liu H, Tang J, Yin S, Zuo Y, Zhang X, Liu F, Yang H, Zhao L. The application of extracellular vesicles in colorectal cancer metastasis and drug resistance: recent advances and trends. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:143. [PMID: 37120534 PMCID: PMC10148416 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01888-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has high incidence and mortality rates and is one of the most common cancers of the digestive tract worldwide. Metastasis and drug resistance are the main causes of cancer treatment failure. Studies have recently suggested extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a novel mechanism for intercellular communication. They are vesicular particles, which are secreted and released into biological fluids, such as blood, urine, milk, etc., by a variety of cells and carry numerous biologically active molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, metabolites, etc. EVs play a crucial part in the metastasis and drug resistance of CRC by delivering cargo to recipient cells and modulating their behavior. An in-depth exploration of EVs might facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the biological behavior of CRC metastasis and drug resistance, which might provide a basis for developing therapeutic strategies. Therefore, considering the specific biological properties of EVs, researchers have attempted to explore their potential as next-generation delivery systems. On the other hand, EVs have also been demonstrated as biomarkers for the prediction, diagnosis, and presumed prognosis of CRC. This review focuses on the role of EVs in regulating the metastasis and chemoresistance of CRC. Moreover, the clinical applications of EVs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjin Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Jia
- Ethics Committee Office, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinglin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyuan Yuan
- Clinical Trial Center, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Pi
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Tang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Suyu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zuo
- Department of Comprehensive Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400065, People's Republic of China
| | - Furong Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hongru Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Dubois K, Tannoury M, Bauvois B, Susin SA, Garnier D. Extracellular Vesicles in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Tumor Microenvironment Messengers as a Basis for New Targeted Therapies? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082307. [PMID: 37190234 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to intrinsic genomic and nongenomic alterations, tumor progression is also dependent on the tumor microenvironment (TME, mainly composed of the extracellular matrix (ECM), secreted factors, and bystander immune and stromal cells). In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), B cells have a defect in cell death; contact with the TME in secondary lymphoid organs dramatically increases the B cells' survival via the activation of various molecular pathways, including the B cell receptor and CD40 signaling. Conversely, CLL cells increase the permissiveness of the TME by inducing changes in the ECM, secreted factors, and bystander cells. Recently, the extracellular vesicles (EVs) released into the TME have emerged as key arbiters of cross-talk with tumor cells. The EVs' cargo can contain various bioactive substances (including metabolites, proteins, RNA, and DNA); upon delivery to target cells, these substances can induce intracellular signaling and drive tumor progression. Here, we review recent research on the biology of EVs in CLL. EVs have diagnostic/prognostic significance and clearly influence the clinical outcome of CLL; hence, from the perspective of blocking CLL-TME interactions, EVs are therapeutic targets. The identification of novel EV inhibitors might pave the way to the development of novel combination treatments for CLL and the optimization of currently available treatments (including immunotherapy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenza Dubois
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Mariana Tannoury
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Bauvois
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Santos A Susin
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Delphine Garnier
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, F-75006 Paris, France
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Jeong J, Kang I, Kim Y, Ku KB, Park JH, Kim HJ, Kim CW, La J, Jung HE, Kim HC, Choi YJ, Kim J, Kim J, Lee HK. Regulation of c-SMAC formation and AKT-mTOR signaling by the TSG101-IFT20 axis in CD4 + T cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:525-539. [PMID: 37029318 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T cells play major roles in the adaptive immune system, which requires antigen recognition, costimulation, and cytokines for its elaborate orchestration. Recent studies have provided new insight into the importance of the supramolecular activation cluster (SMAC), which comprises concentric circles and is involved in the amplification of CD4+ T cell activation. However, the underlying mechanism of SMAC formation remains poorly understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of CD4+ T cells left unstimulated and stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies to identify novel proteins involved in their regulation. We found that intraflagellar transport 20 (IFT20), previously known as cilia-forming protein, was upregulated in antibody-stimulated CD4+ T cells compared to unstimulated CD4+ T cells. We also found that IFT20 interacted with tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101), a protein that endocytoses ubiquitinated T-cell receptors. The interaction between IFT20 and TSG101 promoted SMAC formation, which led to amplification of AKT-mTOR signaling. However, IFT20-deficient CD4+ T cells showed SMAC malformation, resulting in reduced CD4+ T cell proliferation, aerobic glycolysis, and cellular respiration. Finally, mice with T-cell-specific IFT20 deficiency exhibited reduced allergen-induced airway inflammation. Thus, our data suggest that the IFT20-TSG101 axis regulates AKT-mTOR signaling via SMAC formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiung Jeong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - In Kang
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Bon Ku
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hyun Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Won Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwoo La
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hi Eun Jung
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Cheol Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joon Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Mortezaee K, Majidpoor J. The impact of hypoxia on extracellular vesicle secretome profile of cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 40:128. [PMID: 36964452 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01995-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as key mediators of cell-to-cell communications and signal transporters between tumor and stroma, and hypoxia is a critical characteristic of tumor microenvironment (TME) in solid cancers. Hypoxia stimulates tumor cells to generate and secrete more EVs, and the EVs shed from cancer transfer biological information to boost hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) functionality. Hypoxia alters EV secretome profile to carry pro-tumorigenic factors for promoting numerous tumor-related processes including increased cancer cell proliferation and survival, immune escape, aberrant angiogenesis, and invasion and metastasis. Exosomal hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α is an essential driver of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness profile in cancer. Hypoxic cancer-derived EVs are also contributed to therapy resistance. In fact, EVs are messengers of hypoxic tolerance in cancer, which enable adaptation of tumor cells to changes occurring within TME for their further resistance and metastasis. Tracing EVs shed from hypoxic tumor cells into plasma provide important information about the genomic signature of cancer. In this review, we aimed to discuss about key tumorigenic events promoted by inter-connections between hypoxia and EVs, mainly exosomes, secreted into tumor area focusing on key hallmarks of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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38
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Fang Y, Ni J, Wang YS, Zhao Y, Jiang LQ, Chen C, Zhang RD, Fang X, Wang P, Pan HF. Exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutic delivery for autoimmune diseases: Opportunities and challenges. Autoimmun Rev 2023; 22:103260. [PMID: 36565798 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are spherical lipid bilayer vesicles composed of lipids, proteins and nucleic acids that deliver signaling molecules through a vesicular transport system to regulate the function and morphology of target cells, thereby involving in a variety of biological processes, such as cell apoptosis or proliferation, and cytokine production. In the past decades, there are emerging evidence that exosomes play pivotal roles in the pathological mechanisms of several autoimmune diseases (ADs), including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), Sjogren's syndrome (SS), multiple sclerosis (MS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). systemic sclerosis (SSc), etc. Several publications have shown that exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis of ADs mainly through intercellular communication and by influencing the response of immune cells. The level of exosomes and the expression of nucleic acids can reflect the degree of disease progression and are excellent biomarkers for ADs. In addition, exosomes have the potential to be used as drug carriers thanks to their biocompatibility and stability. In this review, we briefly summarized the current researches regarding the biological functions of exosomes in ADs, and provided an insight into the potential of exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutic delivery for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Jing Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Yun-Sheng Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second People's Hospital of Hefei, the Affiliated Hefei Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230011, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Ling-Qiong Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Ruo-Di Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Xi Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China; Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China.
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Du Z, Zhang H, Feng Y, Zhan D, Li S, Tu C, Liu J, Wang J. Tumour-derived small extracellular vesicles contribute to the tumour progression through reshaping the systemic immune macroenvironment. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1249-1266. [PMID: 36755063 PMCID: PMC10050072 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02175-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumour-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) play a crucial role in cancer immunomodulation. In addition to tumour immune microenvironment, the peripheral immune system also contributes significantly to cancer progression and is essential for anticancer immunity. However, a comprehensive definition of which and how peripheral immune lineages are regulated by tumour-derived sEVs during cancer development remains incomplete. METHODS In this study, we used mass cytometry with extensive antibody panels to comprehensively construct the systemic immune landscape in response to tumour development and tumour-derived sEVs. RESULTS Systemic immunity was dramatically altered by tumour growth and tumour-derived sEVs. Tumour-derived sEVs significantly and extensively affected immune cell population composition as well as intracellular pathways, resulting in an immunosuppressive peripheral and tumour immune microenvironment, characterised by increased myeloid-derived suppressor cells and decreased Ly6C+CD8 T cells. These sEVs largely promoted hematopoietic recovery and accelerate the differentiation towards myeloid-derived suppressor cells. The knockdown of Rab27a reduced sEV secretion from tumour cells and delayed tumour growth and metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight that tumour-derived sEVs function as a bridge between peripheral immunity regulation and the tumour microenvironment, and contribute to cancer progression through altering the composition and function of the global immune macroenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Du
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, 510182, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueyuan Feng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dewen Zhan
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuya Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenggong Tu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jinheng Wang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, China.
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40
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Chen Z, Han F, Du Y, Shi H, Zhou W. Hypoxic microenvironment in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:70. [PMID: 36797231 PMCID: PMC9935926 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01332-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Having a hypoxic microenvironment is a common and salient feature of most solid tumors. Hypoxia has a profound effect on the biological behavior and malignant phenotype of cancer cells, mediates the effects of cancer chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy through complex mechanisms, and is closely associated with poor prognosis in various cancer patients. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that through normalization of the tumor vasculature, nanoparticle carriers and biocarriers can effectively increase the oxygen concentration in the tumor microenvironment, improve drug delivery and the efficacy of radiotherapy. They also increase infiltration of innate and adaptive anti-tumor immune cells to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. Furthermore, drugs targeting key genes associated with hypoxia, including hypoxia tracers, hypoxia-activated prodrugs, and drugs targeting hypoxia-inducible factors and downstream targets, can be used for visualization and quantitative analysis of tumor hypoxia and antitumor activity. However, the relationship between hypoxia and cancer is an area of research that requires further exploration. Here, we investigated the potential factors in the development of hypoxia in cancer, changes in signaling pathways that occur in cancer cells to adapt to hypoxic environments, the mechanisms of hypoxia-induced cancer immune tolerance, chemotherapeutic tolerance, and enhanced radiation tolerance, as well as the insights and applications of hypoxia in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fangfang Han
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yan Du
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Huaqing Shi
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wence Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. .,Lanzhou University Sencond Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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41
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CAR-tropic extracellular vesicles carry tumor-associated antigens and modulate CAR T cell functionality. Sci Rep 2023; 13:463. [PMID: 36627334 PMCID: PMC9832131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are active contributors in metastasis and immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment. At least some of the EVs carry tumor surface molecules such as tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and/or checkpoint inhibitors, and potentially could interact with T cells or CAR T cells. Upon contact with T cells, EVs could alter their phenotype and functions by triggering signaling through TCR or CAR reprogramming them to escape immune response. We hypothesize that EVs that possess TAA on the surface will probably interact with CAR T cells which can recognize and bind corresponding TAA. This interaction between EVs and CAR T cells may change the outcome of CAR T-based cancer immunotherapy since it should affect CAR T cells. Also, EVs could serve as adjuvants and antigenic components of antitumor vaccines. Herein, we isolated EVs from B cell precursor leukemia cell line (pre-B ALL) Nalm-6 and demonstrated that recognition and binding of CD19+EVs with CD19-CAR T cells strongly depends on the presence of CD19 antigen. CD19+EVs induce secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-y) and upregulated transcription of activation-related genes (IFNG, IFNGR1, FASLG, IL2) in CD19-CAR T cells. Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF4 and TNFRSF9) and T-cell exhaustion markers (CTLA4, LAG3, TIM3 and PDCD1LG2) were also upregulated in CD19-CAR T cells after incubation with CD19+EVs. Long-term cultivation of CD19+ or PD-L1+EVs with CD19-CAR T cells led to increased terminal differentiation and functional exhaustion according to elevated expression of PD-1, TIGIT, CD57. In summary, our results suggest that chronic exposure of CD19-CAR T cells to CD19+EVs mediates activation and systemic exhaustion in antigen-specific manner, and this negative effect is accompanied by the impaired cytotoxic activity in vitro.
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42
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Basak M, Chaudhary DK, Takahashi RU, Yamamoto Y, Tiwari S, Tahara H, Mittal A. Immunocyte Derived Exosomes: Insight into the Potential Chemo-immunotherapeutic Nanocarrier Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:20-39. [PMID: 36524837 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
"Cancer" is a dreadful immune-pathological condition that is characterized by anti-inflammatory and tumorigenic responses, elicited by the infiltrating immune cells in the vicinity of an uncontrollably proliferative tumor in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME offers a conducive microenvironment that supports cancer cell survival by modulating the host immune defense. Recent advancement in exosomal research has shown exosomes, originating from immune cells as well as the cancer cells, have immense potential for suppressing cancer progression and survival in the TME. Additionally, exosomes, irrespective of their diverse sources, have been reported to be efficient nanocarriers for cancer therapeutics with the ability for targeted delivery due to their biogenic nature, ease of cellular uptake, and scope for functionalization with biomolecules like peptides, aptamers, targeting ligands, etc. Immune cell-derived exosomes per se have been found efficacious against cancer owing to their immune-stimulant properties (in either naive or antigen primed form) even without loading any of cancer therapeutics or targeting ligand conjugation. Nevertheless, exosomes are being primarily explored as nanovesicular carriers for therapeutic molecules with different loading and targeting strategies, and the synergism between immunotherapeutic behavior of exosomes and the anticancer effect of the therapeutic molecules is yet to be explored. Hence, this review focuses specifically on the possible strategies to modulate the immunological nature of the source immune cells to obtain immune stimulant exosomes and bring these into the spotlight as chemo-immunotherapeutic nanovesicles, that can easily target and modulate the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Basak
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Chaudhary
- Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology Division, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Ryou-U Takahashi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Swasti Tiwari
- Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology Division, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Hidetoshi Tahara
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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Gargiulo E, Viry E, Morande PE, Largeot A, Gonder S, Xian F, Ioannou N, Benzarti M, Kleine Borgmann FB, Mittelbronn M, Dittmar G, Nazarov PV, Meiser J, Stamatopoulos B, Ramsay AG, Moussay E, Paggetti J. Extracellular Vesicle Secretion by Leukemia Cells In Vivo Promotes CLL Progression by Hampering Antitumor T-cell Responses. Blood Cancer Discov 2023; 4:54-77. [PMID: 36108149 PMCID: PMC9816815 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-22-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicle (sEV, or exosome) communication among cells in the tumor microenvironment has been modeled mainly in cell culture, whereas their relevance in cancer pathogenesis and progression in vivo is less characterized. Here we investigated cancer-microenvironment interactions in vivo using mouse models of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). sEVs isolated directly from CLL tissue were enriched in specific miRNA and immune-checkpoint ligands. Distinct molecular components of tumor-derived sEVs altered CD8+ T-cell transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, leading to decreased functions and cell exhaustion ex vivo and in vivo. Using antagomiRs and blocking antibodies, we defined specific cargo-mediated alterations on CD8+ T cells. Abrogating sEV biogenesis by Rab27a/b knockout dramatically delayed CLL pathogenesis. This phenotype was rescued by exogenous leukemic sEV or CD8+ T-cell depletion. Finally, high expression of sEV-related genes correlated with poor outcomes in CLL patients, suggesting sEV profiling as a prognostic tool. In conclusion, sEVs shape the immune microenvironment during CLL progression. SIGNIFICANCE sEVs produced in the leukemia microenvironment impair CD8+ T-cell mediated antitumor immune response and are indispensable for leukemia progression in vivo in murine preclinical models. In addition, high expression of sEV-related genes correlated with poor survival and unfavorable clinical parameters in CLL patients. See related commentary by Zhong and Guo, p. 5. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Gargiulo
- Tumor–Stroma Interactions Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Elodie Viry
- Tumor–Stroma Interactions Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Pablo Elías Morande
- Tumor–Stroma Interactions Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.,Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-CONICET-Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anne Largeot
- Tumor–Stroma Interactions Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Susanne Gonder
- Tumor–Stroma Interactions Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.,Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Feng Xian
- Proteomics of Cellular Signaling, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Nikolaos Ioannou
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohaned Benzarti
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Cancer Metabolism Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Felix Bruno Kleine Borgmann
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Department of Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Centre of Neuropathology, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Centre of Neuropathology, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Centre of Neuropathology, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,National Center of Pathology, Laboratoire national de santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Proteomics of Cellular Signaling, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Petr V. Nazarov
- Multiomics Data Science Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Johannes Meiser
- Cancer Metabolism Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Basile Stamatopoulos
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alan G. Ramsay
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Etienne Moussay
- Tumor–Stroma Interactions Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.,Corresponding Authors: Jérôme Paggetti, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 6, Rue Nicolas-Ernest Barblé, Luxembourg, L-1210, Luxembourg. Phone: 352-26970-344; E-mail: ; and Etienne Moussay. Phone: 352-26970-232; E-mail:
| | - Jérôme Paggetti
- Tumor–Stroma Interactions Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.,Corresponding Authors: Jérôme Paggetti, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 6, Rue Nicolas-Ernest Barblé, Luxembourg, L-1210, Luxembourg. Phone: 352-26970-344; E-mail: ; and Etienne Moussay. Phone: 352-26970-232; E-mail:
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Wang S, Shi Y. Exosomes Derived from Immune Cells: The New Role of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Tumor Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6527-6550. [PMID: 36575698 PMCID: PMC9790146 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s388604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small vesicles secreted by living cells, with a typical lipid bilayer structure. They carry a variety of proteins, lipids, RNA and other important information, play an important role in the transmission of substances and information between cells, and gradually become a marker for early diagnosis of many diseases and an important tool in drug delivery system. Immune cells are an important part of tumor microenvironment, and they can affect tumor progression by secreting a variety of immunoreactive substances. This review focuses on the effects of various immune cell-derived exosomes on tumor cells, different immune cells and other stromal cells in tumor microenvironment. Exosomes derived from different immune cells can not only reshape a pro-inflammatory microenvironment to inhibit tumor progression, but also promote tumor progression by inhibiting the killing effect of NK cells, CD8+T cells and other cells or promoting tumor cells and immunosuppressive immune cells. In addition, we also discussed that some exosomes derived from immune cells (such as DC, M1 macrophages and neutrophils) play a tumor inhibitory role after being engineered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Wang
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Yue Shi, Department of Geriatric Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13842073309, Email
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45
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Luo M, Zhu J, Ren J, Tong Y, Wang L, Ma S, Wang J. Lactate increases tumor malignancy by promoting tumor small extracellular vesicles production via the GPR81-cAMP-PKA-HIF-1α axis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1036543. [PMID: 36531060 PMCID: PMC9753130 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1036543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate and tumor cell-derived extracellular vesicles (TEVs) both contribute to tumor progression. However, it is still unclear whether lactate can accelerate tumor development by directly promoting TEV production. Here, we show that lactate decreases intracellular cAMP levels and subsequent PKA activation via GPR81, which inhibits the PKA-induced ubiquitination of HIF-1α that causes degradation. Then, the HIF-1α-mediated transcription of Rab27a is enhanced, leading to increased TEV release. In this way, lactate promotes lung metastasis by murine melanoma. In addition, we show that serum lactate levels are positively correlated with serum EV levels and Rab27a and HIF-1α protein levels in the tumor tissues of lung cancer patients. Thus, our results reveal a novel mechanism underlying lactate-mediated tumor progression induced by TEVs and provide new strategies for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junqi Zhu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Ren
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiao Tong
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenglin Ma
- Department of Translation Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Centre, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaoli Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Translation Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Centre, Hangzhou, China
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Gonçalves-Machado L, Verçoza BRF, Nogueira FCS, Melani RD, Domont GB, Rodrigues SP, Rodrigues JCF, Zingali RB. Extracellular Vesicles from Bothrops jararaca Venom Are Diverse in Structure and Protein Composition and Interact with Mammalian Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14110806. [PMID: 36422980 PMCID: PMC9698812 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14110806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Snake venoms are complex cocktails of non-toxic and toxic molecules that work synergistically for the envenoming outcome. Alongside the immediate consequences, chronic manifestations and long-term sequelae can occur. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) were found in snake venom. EVs mediate cellular communication through long distances, delivering proteins and nucleic acids that modulate the recipient cell's function. However, the biological roles of snake venom EVs, including possible cross-organism communication, are still unknown. This knowledge may expand the understanding of envenoming mechanisms. In the present study, we isolated and characterized the EVs from Bothrops jararaca venom (Bj-EVs), giving insights into their biological roles. Fresh venom was submitted to differential centrifugation, resulting in two EV populations with typical morphology and size range. Several conserved EV markers and a subset of venom related EV markers, represented mainly by processing enzymes, were identified by proteomic analysis. The most abundant protein family observed in Bj-EVs was 5'-nucleotidase, known to be immunosuppressive and a low abundant and ubiquitous toxin in snake venoms. Additionally, we demonstrated that mammalian cells efficiently internalize Bj-EVs. The commercial antibothropic antivenom partially recognizes Bj-EVs and inhibits cellular EV uptake. Based on the proteomic results and the in vitro interaction assays using macrophages and muscle cells, we propose that Bj-EVs may be involved not only in venom production and processing but also in host immune modulation and long-term effects of envenoming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Gonçalves-Machado
- Laboratório de Hemostase e Venenos, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (Inbeb), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Instituto Vital Brazil, Gerência de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Niterói 24230-410, Brazil
| | - Brunno Renato Farias Verçoza
- Núcleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biologia (NUMPEX-Bio), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus UFRJ Duque de Caxias, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro 25240-005, Brazil
| | - Fábio César Sousa Nogueira
- Laboratório de Química de Proteínas, Unidade Proteômica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Laboratório de Proteômica (LabProt)—LADETEC, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Rafael Donadélli Melani
- Laboratório de Química de Proteínas, Unidade Proteômica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Barbosa Domont
- Laboratório de Química de Proteínas, Unidade Proteômica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Silas Pessini Rodrigues
- Núcleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biologia (NUMPEX-Bio), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus UFRJ Duque de Caxias, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro 25240-005, Brazil
| | - Juliany Cola Fernandes Rodrigues
- Núcleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biologia (NUMPEX-Bio), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus UFRJ Duque de Caxias, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro 25240-005, Brazil
| | - Russolina Benedeta Zingali
- Laboratório de Hemostase e Venenos, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (Inbeb), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-2139386782
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Low JJW, Sulaiman SA, Johdi NA, Abu N. Immunomodulatory effects of extracellular vesicles in glioblastoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:996805. [DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.996805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is a type of brain cancer that can be considered aggressive. Glioblastoma treatment has significant challenges due to the immune privilege site of the brain and the presentation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-secreted nanosized vesicles that engage in intercellular communication via delivery of cargo that may cause downstream effects such as tumor progression and recipient cell modulation. Although the roles of extracellular vesicles in cancer progression are well documented, their immunomodulatory effects are less defined. Herein, we focus on glioblastoma and explain the immunomodulatory effects of extracellular vesicles secreted by both tumor and immune cells in detail. The tumor to immune cells, immune cells to the tumor, and intra-immune cells extracellular vesicles crosstalks are involved in various immunomodulatory effects. This includes the promotion of immunosuppressive phenotypes, apoptosis, and inactivation of immune cell subtypes, which affects the central nervous system and peripheral immune system response, aiding in its survival and progression in the brain.
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Shi Q, Shen Q, Liu Y, Shi Y, Huang W, Wang X, Li Z, Chai Y, Wang H, Hu X, Li N, Zhang Q, Cao X. Increased glucose metabolism in TAMs fuels O-GlcNAcylation of lysosomal Cathepsin B to promote cancer metastasis and chemoresistance. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:1207-1222.e10. [PMID: 36084651 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
How glucose metabolism remodels pro-tumor functions of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) needs further investigation. Here we show that M2-like TAMs bear the highest individual capacity to take up intratumoral glucose. Their increased glucose uptake fuels hexosamine biosynthetic pathway-dependent O-GlcNAcylation to promote cancer metastasis and chemoresistance. Glucose metabolism promotes O-GlcNAcylation of the lysosome-encapsulated protease Cathepsin B at serine 210, mediated by lysosome-localized O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), elevating mature Cathepsin B in macrophages and its secretion in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Loss of OGT in macrophages reduces O-GlcNAcylation and mature Cathepsin B in the TME and disrupts cancer metastasis and chemoresistance. Human TAMs with high OGT are positively correlated with Cathepsin B expression, and both levels predict chemotherapy response and prognosis of individuals with cancer. Our study reports the biological and potential clinical significance of glucose metabolism in tumor-promoting TAMs and reveals insights into the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhu Shi
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Research, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China; National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qicong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Research, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China; National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenwen Huang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhiqing Li
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yangyang Chai
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Research, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiangjia Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Nan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xuetao Cao
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Research, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China; National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Frontier Research Center for Cell Response, Institute of Immunology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Shao X, Hua S, Feng T, Ocansey DKW, Yin L. Hypoxia-Regulated Tumor-Derived Exosomes and Tumor Progression: A Focus on Immune Evasion. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911789. [PMID: 36233088 PMCID: PMC9570495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells express a high quantity of exosomes packaged with unique cargos under hypoxia, an important characteristic feature in solid tumors. These hypoxic tumor-derived exosomes are, crucially, involved in the interaction of cancer cells with their microenvironment, facilitating not only immune evasion, but increased cell growth and survival, enhanced angiogenesis, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), therapeutic resistance, autophagy, pre-metastasis, and metastasis. This paper explores the tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling effects of hypoxic tumor-derived exosome towards facilitating the tumor progression process, particularly, the modulatory role of these factors on tumor cell immune evasion through suppression of immune cells, expression of surface recognition molecules, and secretion of antitumor soluble factor. Tumor-expressed exosomes educate immune effector cells, including macrophages, monocytes, T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), γδ T lymphocytes, regulatory T cells (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), mast cells, and B cells, within the hypoxic TME through the release of factors that regulate their recruitment, phenotype, and function. Thus, both hypoxia and tumor-derived exosomes modulate immune cells, growth factors, cytokines, receptor molecules, and other soluble factors, which, together, collaborate to form the immune-suppressive milieu of the tumor environment. Exploring the contribution of exosomal cargos, such as RNAs and proteins, as indispensable players in the cross-talk within the hypoxic tumor microenvironmental provides a potential target for antitumor immunity or subverting immune evasion and enhancing tumor therapies.
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Wang J, Du L, Chen X. Adenosine signaling: Optimal target for gastric cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1027838. [PMID: 36189223 PMCID: PMC9523428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1027838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancy and leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Due to asymptomatic or only nonspecific early symptoms, GC patients are usually in the advanced stage at first diagnosis and miss the best opportunity of treatment. Immunotherapies, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have dramatically changed the landscape of available treatment options for advanced-stage cancer patients. However, with regards to existing ICIs, the clinical benefit of monotherapy for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) is quite limited. Therefore, it is urgent to explore an optimal target for the treatment of GC. In this review, we summarize the expression profiles and prognostic value of 20 common immune checkpoint-related genes in GC from Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database, and then find that the adenosinergic pathway plays an indispensable role in the occurrence and development of GC. Moreover, we discuss the pathophysiological function of adenosinergic pathway in cancers. The accumulation of extracellular adenosine inhibits the normal function of immune effector cells and facilitate the effect of immunosuppressive cells to foster GC cells proliferation and migration. Finally, we provide insights into potential clinical application of adenosinergic-targeting therapies for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Wang
- School of the 1St Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Linyong Du
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangjian Chen, ; Linyong Du,
| | - Xiangjian Chen
- School of the 1St Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangjian Chen, ; Linyong Du,
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