1
|
Jin X, Bi J. Prospects for NK-based immunotherapy of chronic HBV infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1084109. [PMID: 36591230 PMCID: PMC9797727 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1084109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective and long-term treatment is required for controlling chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection. Natural killer (NK) cells are antiviral innate lymphocytes and represent an essential arm of current immunotherapy. In chronic HBV (CHB), NK cells display altered changes in phenotypes and functions, but preserve antiviral activity, especially for cytolytic activity. On the other hand, NK cells might also cause liver injury in the disease. NK -based immunotherapy, including adoptive NK cell therapy and NK -based checkpoint inhibition, could potentially exploit the antiviral aspect of NK cells for controlling CHB infection while preventing liver tissue damage. Here, we review recent progress in NK cell biology under the context of CHB infection, and discuss potential NK -based immunotherapy strategies for the disease.
Collapse
|
2
|
The Effect of Anthocyanins from Dioscorea alata L. on Antioxidant Properties of Perinatal Hainan Black Goats and Its Possible Mechanism in the Mammary Gland. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233320. [PMID: 36496841 PMCID: PMC9735849 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The mammary glands of the perinatal goats are susceptible to reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to oxidative injury. Although Dioscorea alata L. is rich in anthocyanins with high safety and excellent free-radical-scavenging ability, the effect and mechanism of Dioscorea alata L. anthocyanins (DAC) on the antioxidant capacity of the black Hainan goat has been the subject of few studies to date; (2) Methods: For this reason, feeding experiments were performed by feeding experimental diets, and the pre-protective capacity of DAC on goat mammary epithelial cells was explored on the basis of the established model of H2O2 injury; (3) Results: As well as altering rumen fermentation parameters in perinatal female goats, dietary challenge also improves antioxidant capacity in their blood and milk. thereby enhancing children's antioxidant capacity and increasing their resistance to oxidative stress. However, we also found that DAC pretreatment was capable of activating both Nrf2 and MAPK/JNK pathways, which results in enhanced antioxidase activity and elimination of ROS; (4) Conclusions: Together, these findings suggest that DAC may have a pre-protective role on perinatal Hainan black goats through the regulation of Nrf2 and MAPK/JNK pathways in GMEC.
Collapse
|
3
|
Differential Effect of Antioxidants Glutathione and Vitamin C on the Hepatic Injuries Induced by Plasmodium berghei ANKA Infection. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9694508. [PMID: 34527745 PMCID: PMC8437662 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9694508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium and represents one of the main public health problems in the world. Among alterations associated with the disease, we highlight the hepatic impairment resulting from the generation of oxidative stress. Studies demonstrate that liver injuries caused by Plasmodium infection are associated with unbalance of the antioxidant system in hepatocytes, although little is known about the role of antioxidant molecules such as glutathione and vitamin C in the evolution of the disease and in the liver injury. To evaluate disease complications, murine models emerge as a valuable tool due to their similarities between the infectious species for human and mice. Herein, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of antioxidants glutathione and vitamin C on the evolution of murine malaria and in the liver damage caused by Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Mice were inoculated with parasitized erythrocytes and treated with glutathione and vitamin C, separately, both at 8 mg/kg during 7 consecutive days. Our data showed that during Plasmodium infection, treatment with glutathione promoted significant decrease in the survival of infected mice, accelerating the disease severity. However, treatment with vitamin C promoted an improvement in the clinical outcomes and prolonged the survival curve of infected animals. We also showed that glutathione promoted increase in the parasitemia rate of Plasmodium-infected animals, although treatment with vitamin C has induced significant decrease in parasitemia rates. Furthermore, histological analysis and enzyme biochemical measurement showed that treatment with glutathione exacerbates liver damage while treatment with vitamin C mitigates the hepatic injury induced by the infection. In summary, the current study provided evidences that antioxidant molecules could differently modulate the outcome of malaria disease; while glutathione aggravated the disease outcome and liver injury, the treatment with vitamin C protects the liver from damage and the evolution of the condition.
Collapse
|
4
|
Luo K, Li X, Wang L, Rao W, Wu Y, Liu Y, Pan M, Huang D, Zhang W, Mai K. Ascorbic Acid Regulates the Immunity, Anti-Oxidation and Apoptosis in Abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1449. [PMID: 34573080 PMCID: PMC8465606 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the roles of ascorbic acid (AA) in immune response, anti-oxidation and apoptosis in abalone (Haliotis discus hannai Ino). Seven semi-purified diets with graded levels of AA (0, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 5000 mg/kg) were fed to abalone (initial weight: 12.01 ± 0.001 g, initial shell length: 48.44 ± 0.069 mm) for 100 days. The survival, weight gain rate and daily increment in shell length were not affected by dietary AA. The AA content in the gill, muscle and digestive glands of abalone was significantly increased by dietary AA. In terms of immunity, dietary AA significantly improved the total hemocyte count, respiratory burst and phagocytic activity in hemolymph, and lysozyme activity in cell-free hemolymph (CFH). In the digestive gland, the TLR-MyD88-dependent and TLR-MyD88-independent signaling pathways were suppressed by dietary AA supplementation. The mRNA levels of β-defensin and arginase-I in the digestive gland were significantly increased by dietary AA. In the gill, only the TLR-MyD88-dependent signaling pathway was depressed by dietary AA to reduce inflammation in abalone. The level of mytimacin 6 in the gill was significantly upregulated by dietary AA. After Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection, the TLR signaling pathway in the digestive gland was suppressed by dietary AA, which reduced inflammation in the abalone. In terms of anti-oxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities, as well as total anti-oxidative capacity and reduced glutathione content in CFH, were all significantly upregulated. The malondialdehyde content was significantly downregulated by dietary AA. The anti-oxidative capacity was improved by triggering the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in abalone. In terms of apoptosis, dietary AA could enhance the anti-apoptosis ability via the JNK-Bcl-2/Bax signaling cascade in abalone. To conclude, dietary AA was involved in regulating immunity, anti-oxidation and apoptosis in abalone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wenbing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (K.L.); (X.L.); (L.W.); (W.R.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (M.P.); (D.H.); (K.M.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sivandzadeh GR, Askari H, Safarpour AR, Ejtehadi F, Raeis-Abdollahi E, Vaez Lari A, Abazari MF, Tarkesh F, Bagheri Lankarani K. COVID-19 infection and liver injury: Clinical features, biomarkers, potential mechanisms, treatment, and management challenges. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:6178-6200. [PMID: 34434987 PMCID: PMC8362548 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i22.6178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is hypothesized that liver impairment caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection might play a central role in severe clinical presentations. Liver injury is closely associated with severe disease and, even with antiviral drugs, have a poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients. In addition to the common hepatobiliary disorders caused by COVID-19, patients with pre-existing liver diseases demand special considerations during the current pandemic. Thus, it is vital that upon clinical presentation, patients with concurrent pre-existing liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction and COVID-19 be managed properly to prevent liver failure. Careful monitoring and early detection of liver damage through biomarkers after hospitalization for COVID-19 is underscored in all cases, particularly in those with pre-existing metabolic liver injury. The purpose of this study was to determine most recent evidence regarding causality, potential risk factors, and challenges, therapeutic options, and management of COVID-19 infection in vulnerable patients with pre-existing liver injury. This review aims to highlight the current frontier of COVID-19 infection and liver injury and the direction of liver injury in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gholam Reza Sivandzadeh
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7193635899, Iran
| | - Hassan Askari
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7193635899, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Safarpour
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7193635899, Iran
| | - Fardad Ejtehadi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7193635899, Iran
| | - Ehsan Raeis-Abdollahi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Qom Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom 1417613151, Iran
| | - Armaghan Vaez Lari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz 6135715794, Iran
| | - Mohammad Foad Abazari
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417653761, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Tarkesh
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7193635899, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alam W, Ullah H, Santarcangelo C, Di Minno A, Khan H, Daglia M, Arciola CR. Micronutrient Food Supplements in Patients with Gastro-Intestinal and Hepatic Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8014. [PMID: 34360782 PMCID: PMC8347237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinogenesis is the second most common cause of mortality across all types of malignancies, followed by hepatic and stomach cancers. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are key approaches to treating cancer patients, but these carry major concerns, such as a high risk of side effects, poor accessibility, and the non-selective nature of chemotherapeutics. A number of natural products have been identified as countering various forms of cancer with fewer side effects. The potential impact of vitamins and minerals on long-term health, cognition, healthy development, bone formation, and aging has been supported by experimental and epidemiological studies. Successful treatment may thus be highly influenced by the nutritional status of patients. An insufficient diet could lead to detrimental effects on immune status and tolerance to treatment, affecting the ability of chemotherapy to destroy cancerous cells. In recent decades, most cancer patients have been taking vitamins and minerals to improve standard therapy and/or to decrease the undesirable side effects of the treatment together with the underlying disease. On the other hand, taking dietary supplements during cancer therapy may affect the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Thus, micronutrients in complementary oncology must be selected appropriately and should be taken at the right time. Here, the potential impact of micronutrients on gastro-intestinal and hepatic cancers is explored and their molecular targets are laid down.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (W.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (C.S.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Cristina Santarcangelo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (C.S.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Alessandro Di Minno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (C.S.); (A.D.M.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (W.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (C.S.); (A.D.M.)
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Carla Renata Arciola
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all’Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 14, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Activity of Caralluma europaea Stem Extract against CCl 4-Induced Hepatic Damage in Wistar Rats. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2021; 2021:8883040. [PMID: 33506211 PMCID: PMC7810557 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8883040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of stem aqueous extract of Caralluma europaea (AECe) on carbon tetrachloride- (CCl4-) induced hepatic damage in Wistar rats. The animals were daily treated with the aqueous extract of C. europaea at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight for 14 days. CCl4 was injected (1 ml/kg, i.p.) two times, on the 7th and 14th days. At the end of the experimental period, all rats were anesthetized to collect blood for the assessment of biochemical parameters and then sacrificed to collect the liver for weighing. Hepatotoxicity was evaluated by measuring the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin (total and direct), malondialdehyde (MDA), total protein (TP), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-c ), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c), urea, creatinine, and uric acid. Based on the results obtained in this study, the administration of C. europaea before exposure to the administration of CCl4 conferred favorable hepatoprotective effect in rats. The treatment with AECe (250 mg/kg) exhibits a significant hepatoprotective effect by ameliorating CCl4-induced alterations of these biochemical parameters. Hence, C. europaea could be a potential medicinal herb that can be used in the future to prevent liver intoxication.
Collapse
|
8
|
UMAR M, QIAN W, LIU Q, XING S, LI X, YANG X, FAN Y, MA D, JIANG P, LI M. Study on the Pharmacological Character of an Insulin-Mimetic Small Molecular Compound of Vanadyl Trehalose. Physiol Res 2020; 69:481-490. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of vanadyl trehalose (VT) on oxidative stress and reduced glutathione/glutathione-S-transferase (GSH/GSTs) pathway gene expression in mouse gastrointestinal tract, as well as the protective effects of vitamin C (VC) and reduced glutathione (GSH). Thirty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group (group A), VT group (group B), VC + VT group (group C), GSH + VT group (group D) and VC + GSH + VT group (group E). The content of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and the expressions of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), glutathione synthetase (GSS), regulated through glutathione reductase (GSR) and glutathione-S-transferase pi (GSTpi) in stomach and duodenum in vanadyl trehalose treated group were lower than those in group A (P<0.05). The C, D, E group can significantly improve the above indicators, but those only in the stomach in E group reached the level of the control group. Vanadyl trehalose (VT) was able to cause oxidative stress damage to the gastrointestinal tract of mice, which affects GSH content and GSH-Px activity and interferes with the normal expression of GSH/GSTs pathway. Exogenous vitamin C, reduced glutathione and the combination of the two could play a specific role in antioxidant protection and reduce the toxicity of vanadyl trehalose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M UMAR
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Q LIU
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - S XING
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - X LI
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - X YANG
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Y FAN
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - D MA
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - P JIANG
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - M LI
- Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Drehmer E, Navarro-Moreno MÁ, Carrera S, Villar VM, Moreno ML. Oxygenic metabolism in nutritional obesity induced by olive oil. The influence of vitamin C. Food Funct 2019; 10:3567-3580. [PMID: 31157805 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02550a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a medical and sociological problem of great importance due to the high percentage of people affected and the important health consequences that it involves. Most cases of obesity are related to an inadequate diet, rich in fats, which could lead to changes in the patient's oxygenic metabolism. That is why this study has been proposed to evaluate how some aspects of oxygenic metabolism are affected in a nutritional experimental model, with a controlled hyperlipidic liquid diet based on olive oil, and the effect of the antioxidant vitamin C on these conditions. Wistar rats were divided into four groups which received a control and hyperlipidic liquid diet for 30 days, with or without a vitamin C supplement (CO, COC, HO and HOC). First of all the body and fat tissue development was measured in the four groups. Our results showed that the excessive intake of nutritional and healthy fat such as olive oil did not prevent the appearance of obesity and the supplementation with vitamin C did not have a protective effect on body and fat development. The study of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in total liver, liver cytosol, abdominal white fat, brown fat and blood cells showed that vitamin C could have different selectivities and affinities for different enzymes and compartments/tissues of the body. Finally, the effect of vitamin C on various metabolic parameters (glucose, pyruvate, lactate, LDH, ATP, acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate) provided positive protection against oxidative stress especially under hyperlipidic conditions. All things considered, the present study concludes that vitamin C treatment could protect Wistar rats from the oxidative stress impairment induced by obesity generated by an excessive intake of fats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eraci Drehmer
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao G, Zhai X, Qu M, Tong C, Li W. Sulfated modification of the polysaccharides from Crassostrea gigas and their antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities through metabolomics analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:386-395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
11
|
Prophylactic Therapy of Silymarin (Milk Thistle) on Antituberculosis Drug-Induced Liver Injury: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 2019:3192351. [PMID: 30733935 PMCID: PMC6348824 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3192351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prophylactic therapy with silymarin to prevent the development of antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury (anti-TB DILI) has been under debate. We aimed to evaluate the effect of silymarin in the prevention of anti-TB DILI. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) up to 30th November 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared silymarin and placebo to prevent anti-TB DILI were included. All statistical analyses were conducted using STATA 12.0 software. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the effect of silymarin. The quality of included studies was assessed according to Cochrane handbook. Funnel plots and Egger's tests were carried out to evaluate publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the influence of each study. RESULTS A total of 1198 patients from five RCTs (585 with silymarin and 613 with placebo groups) were included. Overall, silymarin significantly reduced the occurrence of anti-TB DILI at week 4 [RR: 0.33, 95% CI (0.15, 0.75)]. In addition, silymarin exerted protective effect on liver function in patients undergoing anti-TB drugs [SMD = - 0.15, 95% CI (-0.24, -0.07), P < 0.001 (ALT); SMD =-0.14, 95% CI (-0.23, -0.06), P = 0.001(AST); SMD =-0.12, 95% CI (-0.20, -0.03), P = 0.008 (ALP)]. Silymarin led to similar AEs in placebo groups [OR: 1.09, 95% CI (0.86, 1.39), P = 0.47]. CONCLUSION Prophylactic therapy of silymarin is contributed to a noticeably reduced risk of development of anti-TB DILI four weeks after the initiation. In addition, silymarin significantly improved the liver function in patients who are receiving anti-TB drugs.
Collapse
|
12
|
Therapeutic targets of vitamin C on liver injury and associated biological mechanisms: A study of network pharmacology. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 66:383-387. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
13
|
Su M, Liang X, Xu X, Wu X, Yang B. Hepatoprotective benefits of vitamin C against perfluorooctane sulfonate-induced liver damage in mice through suppressing inflammatory reaction and ER stress. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 65:60-65. [PMID: 30551094 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies show that vitamin C (VC) plays promising hepatoprotection in mice. Intrahepatic exposure of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) can induce dose-dependent cytotoxicity. However, pharmacology-based assessment of VC on PFOS remains uninvestigated. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic benefits of VC on inhibiting PFOS-induced liver steatosis in mice, followed by representative biochemical analysis and immunoassay. As results, VC was beneficial for reduced PFOS-induced liver damages, as showed in reductions of serological levels of transaminases (ALT and AST), lipids (TG and TC), fasting glucose and insulin, inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL6), while content of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in serum was increased. In addition, VC reduced histiocytic changes of PFOS-lesioned livers, as revealed in reduced TNF-α-labeled cells and increased FGF21-labeled cells in immunofluorescence assay. Further, intrahepatic expressions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-based ATF6, eIF2α, GRP78, XBP1 proteins were down-regulated by treatments of VC. Taken together, our preliminary findings set forth that VC exerts pharmacological benefits against PFOS-induced liver steatosis in mice, and the underlying biological mechanism may be linked to suppressing hepatocellular inflammatory reaction and ER stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Su
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Xiaoliu Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xu
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Xinmou Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, PR China
| | - Bin Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang XY, Xu ZP, Wang W, Cao JB, Fu Q, Zhao WX, Li Y, Huo XL, Zhang LM, Li YF, Mi WD. Vitamin C alleviates LPS-induced cognitive impairment in mice by suppressing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 65:438-447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
15
|
Al-Asmari AK, Khan AQ, Al-Masri N. Mitigation of 5-fluorouracil-induced liver damage in rats by vitamin C via targeting redox-sensitive transcription factors. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 35:1203-1213. [PMID: 26921358 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115626583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adverse complications associated with antineoplastic drug-based cancer therapy are the major clinical drawbacks. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a major role in the damage due to cancer therapy. In the current study, we investigated the modulatory effect of vitamin C (Vit. C) on liver toxicity induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in rats. Animals were divided into four groups. Animals in group I received vehicle. Oral gavage of Vit. C (500 mg kg-1 body weight (b.wt.)) was given to the animals in group III and group IV. 5-FU (150 mg kg-1 b.wt.) was injected intraperitoneally to the animals in group II and group III. Findings of the present study revealed that oral administration of Vit. C significantly ameliorated the level of lipid peroxidation and the activity of myeloperoxidase. Vit. C administration markedly reduced the activation of nuclear factor κB and expression of cyclooxygenase 2, whereas nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 was increased. Hepatic histopathological analyses further supported the protective effect of Vit. C. Findings of the current study demonstrate that the toxic free radicals and inflammatory mediators generated due to chemotherapy play a critical role in 5-FU-induced hepatic damage. Attenuating action of Vit. C may be due to the modulation of redox-sensitive transcription factors and associated target molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A K Al-Asmari
- 1 Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Q Khan
- 1 Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Al-Masri
- 2 Department of Hepatology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang S, Pan H, Peng X, Lu H, Fan H, Zheng X, Xu G, Wang M, Wang J. Preventive use of a hepatoprotectant against anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: A randomized controlled trial. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 31:409-16. [PMID: 26243373 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Hepatoprotectants are routinely prescribed in China to prevent anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATLI). However, their biological mechanisms have not yet been clearly demonstrated. This study aims to evaluate the preventive effects of Silybum marianum against drug-induced liver injury among tuberculosis patients and to provide clinical guidelines for tuberculosis management in China. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was performed in Jiangsu, China. Tuberculosis patients were randomly allocated to the experimental group (anti-tuberculosis therapy plus S. marianum capsule) or the control group (anti-tuberculosis therapy plus vitamin C tablet). The primary outcomes were the occurrence of probable and possible ATLI, the peak aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio and the maximum altered alkaline phosphatase or gamma-glutamyl transferase. RESULTS The final analysis comprised 183 cases in the experiment group and 187 cases in the control group. The risk of developing probable ATLI was not significantly different between the two groups. During the follow-up period, 43.72% of cases in the experiment group and 35.83% of cases in the control group were determined to have possible ATLI (relative risk = 1.23, 95% confidence interval: 0.94-1.54). When using a more strict definition of possible ATLI, the adjusted relative risk (95% confidence interval) was 1.76 (1.14-2.56). The risks of adverse drug reactions, prolonged treatment length, taking second-line tuberculosis drugs, and the clearance of tuberculosis bacteria were similar between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS No significant preventive effect of silymarin was found for either lowering the risk of liver injury or boosting the positive outcomes. Worse, we even found a potential risk of liver damage caused by the hepatoprotectant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongqiu Pan
- Department of Tuberculosis, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xianzhen Peng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Lu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianzhi Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guisheng Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianming Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wu K, Guo C, Wu X, Su M. Ameliorative effectiveness of allicin on acetaminophen-induced acute liver damage in mice. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|
18
|
Ma JQ, Li Z, Xie WR, Liu CM, Liu SS. Quercetin protects mouse liver against CCl4-induced inflammation by the TLR2/4 and MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
19
|
Wu W, Su M, Li T, Wu K, Wu X, Tang Z. Cantharidin-induced liver injuries in mice and the protective effect of vitamin C supplementation. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 28:182-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|