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Wang Y, Gao W, Liang C, Jia F, Geng W. Influence on the temporomandibular joint induced by mandibular malpositioning caused by vertical dimension elevation and occlusal loss in adult rats: An imaging, histological and immunohistochemical study. J Oral Rehabil 2024. [PMID: 38783585 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mandibular malpositioning may result in an abnormal concentration of stresses within the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in adult rats, which may further lead to a series of pathological changes, such as articular cartilage wear, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation. However, the pathological and adaptive changes in condylar cartilage caused by different stress distributions are still controversial. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to observe the effect of sagittal changes in mandibular position on condylar cartilage by changing the occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) in adult rats. METHODS Fifteen-week-old female rats were divided into three groups: control (CON), increased OVD (iOVD) and loss of occlusion (LO) groups. An occlusal plate and tooth extraction were used to establish the animal model. TMJ samples of the experimental and CON groups were observed and investigated by bone morphological, histomorphological and immunohistochemical staining analyses at 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Weight curves were plotted. RESULTS Micro-computed tomography showed that, compared with the CON group, cartilage destruction followed by repair occurred in both experimental groups, which was similar to the trend observed in haematoxylin-eosin staining. All experimental results for the iOVD group showed an approximately similar time trend. Compared with the iOVD group, the toluidine blue and immunohistochemical staining results in the LO group showed no obvious change trend over time. CONCLUSION Compared with occlusal loss, an increase in OVD caused faster and more severe damage to condylar cartilage, and subchondral bone repair occurred later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Dental Implant Centre, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenmo Gao
- Department of Dental Implant Centre, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Dental Implant Centre, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangwen Jia
- Department of Dental Implant Centre, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Geng
- Department of Dental Implant Centre, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Balendran T, Lim K, Hamilton JA, Achuthan AA. Targeting transcription factors for therapeutic benefit in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1196931. [PMID: 37457726 PMCID: PMC10339812 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1196931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a destructive inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes pain and disability. Many of the currently available drugs for treating RA patients are aimed at halting the progression of the disease and alleviating inflammation. Further, some of these treatment options have drawbacks, including disease recurrence and adverse effects due to long-term use. These inefficiencies have created a need for a different approach to treating RA. Recently, the focus has shifted to direct targeting of transcription factors (TFs), as they play a vital role in the pathogenesis of RA, activating key cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and enzymes. In light of this, synthetic drugs and natural compounds are being explored to target key TFs or their signaling pathways in RA. This review discusses the role of four key TFs in inflammation, namely NF-κB, STATs, AP-1 and IRFs, and their potential for being targeted to treat RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thivya Balendran
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Keith Lim
- Department of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - John A. Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Adrian A. Achuthan
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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3
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Boswellia serrata Extract, 5-Loxin®, Prevents Joint Pain and Cartilage Degeneration in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis through Inhibition of Inflammatory Responses and Restoration of Matrix Homeostasis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3067526. [PMID: 36310623 PMCID: PMC9605825 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3067526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, progressive joint disease associated with pain, functional impairment, and diminished quality of life in affected individuals. At a societal level, it also has a high economic burden. Boswellia serrata has been reported to have potent anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, and analgesic effects. The aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic potential and possible underlying mechanism of 5-Loxin®, a standardized Boswellia serrata extract, in a rat model of OA. The OA model was established by the intra-articular injection of 50 μL of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) (60 mg/mL). 5-Loxin® was administered orally, and efficacy was evaluated through serum analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), histologic staining, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Results indicated that administration of 5-Loxin® can relieve OA joint pain through inhibition of both inflammatory processes and cartilage degeneration. In the group of rats treated with 5-Loxin®, the suppression of inflammatory enzymes such as cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) resulted in a significant reduction in the prostaglandin (PG) E2 and leukotriene (LT) B4 levels. Moreover, 5-Loxin® ameliorated the deterioration of the main components of the articular extracellular matrix (ECM), such as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and aggrecan, through the downregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). These findings suggest that 5-Loxin® may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of OA.
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Qiao X, Lv S, Qiao Y, Wang F, Miao L. Interferon regulatory factor 5‑induced upregulation of zinc‑finger protein 217 promotes pancreatic carcinoma progression. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:189. [PMID: 35362545 PMCID: PMC8985198 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of zinc‑finger protein 217 (ZNF217) in pancreatic carcinoma (PC) progression. ZNF217‑associated expression and survival data from patients with PC were retrieved from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis server. The mRNA expression level of ZNF217 was detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. Cell Counting Kit‑8, colony formation, wound‑healing and Transwell assays were conducted to assess cellular proliferation, migratory and invasive abilities. Proliferation was also examined by immunofluorescence detection of Ki67 expression, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays were performed to detect the interaction between ZNF217 and interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5). ZNF217 was found to be significantly upregulated in tumor tissues and cancer cell lines, which was associated with a poor survival rate in patients with PC. ZNF217 silencing markedly suppressed cellular proliferation and migratory and invasive abilities, as well as decreased the expression of Ki67. IRF5 was also upregulated in PC tumor tissues and was shown to positively regulate the activity of the ZNF217 promoter and its mRNA expression levels. Furthermore, ChIP assays demonstrated that IRF5 bound to the promoter region of ZNF217 in vitro. In conclusion, ZNF217 silencing exerted notable inhibitory effects on the progression of PC. Thus, ZNF217 may serve as a potential target for developing novel therapeutic strategies for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223002, P.R. China
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, P.R. China
| | - Shengxiang Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223002, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, P.R. China
| | - Lin Miao
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, P.R. China
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Leidere-Reine A, Kolesova O, Kolesovs A, Viksna L. Seroprevalence of diphtheria and measles antibodies and their association with demographics, self-reported immunity, and immunogenetic factors in healthcare workers in Latvia. Vaccine X 2022; 10:100149. [PMID: 35243323 PMCID: PMC8881727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2022.100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Latvia is among European countries with outbreaks of diphtheria and measles. Healthcare workers (HCW) are exposed to infections and can transmit them to unvaccinated patients. We assessed the seroprevalence of antibodies against diphtheria and measles and their association with demographics, self-reported immunity, the presence of the HLA-B27 allele, and level of interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) in Latvian HCW. Anti-diphtheria and anti-measles IgG antibodies and the level of IRF5 in serum were tested by enzyme immunoassay. The presence of the HLA-B27 allele was detected by a real-time polymerase chain reaction. The study involved 176 HCW, including 29% doctors and 44% nurses. Among HCW, 95.5% were seropositive for diphtheria. However, only 65.9% had full seroprotection against it. The seronegativity for measles (21.6%) was higher than for diphtheria (4.5%) without differences in gender and medical staff groups. Older age was associated with waning immunity against diphtheria and a higher rate of seropositivity for measles. Considered immunogenetic factors did not affect the level of antibodies, and variability of the level of IRF5 in serum can reflect ageing processes. Self-reported vaccination status had a low informative value regarding full seroprotection against diphtheria and seropositivity for measles indicating the need for pre-vaccination IgG screening in planning the booster vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aija Leidere-Reine
- Department of Infectology, Rīga Stradiņš University, 3 Linezera Street, Rīga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Oksana Kolesova
- Department of Infectology, Rīga Stradiņš University, 3 Linezera Street, Rīga LV-1006, Latvia
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Joint Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Immunogenetics, Rīga Stradiņš University, 5 Ratsupites Street, Rīga LV-1067, Latvia
- Corresponding author at: 5 Ratsupites Street, Rīga LV-1067, Latvia.
| | - Aleksandrs Kolesovs
- Department of Infectology, Rīga Stradiņš University, 3 Linezera Street, Rīga LV-1006, Latvia
- Faculty of Education, Psychology, and Art, University of Latvia, 1 Imantas 7 line, Rīga LV-1083, Latvia
| | - Ludmila Viksna
- Department of Infectology, Rīga Stradiņš University, 3 Linezera Street, Rīga LV-1006, Latvia
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BAG3 protects chondrocytes against lumbar facet joint osteoarthritis by regulating autophagy and apoptosis. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:427-437. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00865-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tang J, Cheng X, Yi S, Zhang Y, Tang Z, Zhong Y, Zhang Q, Pan B, Luo Y. Euphorbia Factor L2 ameliorates the Progression of K/BxN Serum-Induced Arthritis by Blocking TLR7 Mediated IRAK4/IKKβ/IRF5 and NF-kB Signaling Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:773592. [PMID: 34950033 PMCID: PMC8691750 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.773592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll like receptor (TLR)s have a central role in regulating innate immunity and their activation have been highlighted in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). EFL2, one of diterpenoids derived from Euphorbia seeds, is nearly unknown expect for its improving effect on acute lung injury. Our present study aimed to investigate EFL2's pharmacokinetic features, its therapeutic effect on rheumatoid arthritis, and explored the potential anti-arthritic mechanisms. K/BxN serum transfer arthritis (STA) murine model was used to assess EFL2's anti-arthritic effects. We also applied UPLC-MS method to measure the concentrations of EFL2 in plasma. The inhibitory effects of this compound on inflammatory cells infiltration and activation were determined by flow cytometry analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in vivo, and immunochemistry staining and ELISA in murine macrophages and human PBMCs in vitro, respectively. The mechanism of EFL2 on TLRs mediated signaling pathway was evaluated by PCR array, Western blot, plasmid transfection and confocal observation. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of EFL2, instead of oral administration, could effectively ameliorate arthritis severity of STA mice. The inflammatory cells migration and infiltration into ankles were also significantly blocked by EFL2, accompanied with dramatically reduction of chemokines mRNA expression and pro-inflammatory cytokines production. In vivo PCR microarray indicated that EFL2 exerted anti-arthritis bioactivity by suppressing TLR7 mediated signaling pathway. In vitro study confirmed the inhibitory effects of EFL2 on TLR7 or TLR3/7 synergistically induced inflammatory cytokines secretion in murine macrophages and human PBMCs. In terms of molecular mechanism, we further verified that EFL2 robustly downregulated TLR7 mediated IRAK4-IKKβ-IRF5 and NF-κB signaling pathways activation, and blocked IRF5 and p65 phosphorylation and translocation activity. Taken together, our data indicate EFL2's therapeutic potential as a candidate for rheumatoid arthritis and other TLR7-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tang
- Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Luzhou's People's Hospital, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Cheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyu Yi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Sichuan Food and Drug Inspection and Testing Institute, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhigang Tang
- Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yutong Zhong
- Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiuping Zhang
- Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Pan
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, China
| | - Yubin Luo
- Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
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8
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Wan J, Zhang G, Li X, Qiu X, Ouyang J, Dai J, Min S. Matrix Metalloproteinase 3: A Promoting and Destabilizing Factor in the Pathogenesis of Disease and Cell Differentiation. Front Physiol 2021; 12:663978. [PMID: 34276395 PMCID: PMC8283010 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.663978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells must alter their expression profiles and morphological characteristics but also reshape the extracellular matrix (ECM) to fulfill their functions throughout their lifespan. Matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) is a member of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family, which can degrade multiple ECM components. MMP-3 can activate multiple pro-MMPs and thus initiates the MMP-mediated degradation reactions. In this review, we summarized the function of MMP-3 and discussed its effects on biological activities. From this point of view, we emphasized the positive and negative roles of MMP-3 in the pathogenesis of disease and cell differentiation, highlighting that MMP-3 is especially closely involved in the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis. Then, we discussed some pathways that were shown to regulate MMP-3. By writing this review, we hope to provide new topics of interest for researchers and attract more researchers to investigate MMP-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Wan
- Spine Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- Spine Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Spine Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianshuai Qiu
- Spine Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxing Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoxiong Min
- Spine Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Yang T, Sun W, Duan YH, Sun YB, Ren YM, Hou WY, Tian MQ. Vitamin D3 protects articular cartilage by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:1775-1781. [PMID: 32742408 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low expression levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (vitamin D3) in the blood have been reported to be associated with the progression of osteoarthritis; however, the mechanisms by which this occurs remain unclear. The present study aimed to determine the effects of vitamin D3 on chondrocytes. MTT assays were used to determine whether vitamin D3 affects chondrocytes viability. Primary chondrocytes were treated with control culture medium, vitamin D3, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, TNF-α + PNU-74654 [Wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin signaling pathway inhibitor] or TNF-α + vitamin D3. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were utilized to measure the gene and protein expression of collagen II, aggrecan, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-13, A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4, ADAMTS-5, Wnt-3a and nuclear β-catenin. The results demonstrated that TNF-α reduced the expression levels of aggrecan and collagen II, and increased the expression levels of MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5. Furthermore, vitamin D3 and PNU-74654 were observed to partially attenuate the effects induced by TNF-α. Moreover, similar findings were reported following co-treatment with vitamin D3 and TNF-α. Western blotting data revealed that TNF-α increased Wnt-3a and β-catenin protein levels in chondrocytes, while Vitamin D3 and PNU-74654 decreased the expression levels of Wnt-3a and nuclear β-catenin. In conclusion, the findings of the present study provided evidence to suggest that vitamin D3 may prevent articular cartilage degeneration and osteoarthritic disease progression by inhibiting the expression levels of MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 through suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These results suggested that vitamin D3 may be of therapeutic value for the prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- The Postdoctoral Research Station, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Hui Duan
- Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Bo Sun
- Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Ming Ren
- Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Yu Hou
- Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Qiang Tian
- Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
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Jiang J, Zhang J, Wu C, Guo X, Chen C, Bao G, Sun Y, Chen J, Xue P, Xu G, Cui Z. Up-regulation of TRAF2 inhibits chondrocytes apoptosis in lumbar facet joint osteoarthritis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:1659-1665. [PMID: 30054040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) has been demonstrated that it plays a significant role in cell death receptor signal transduction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of TRAF2 and its possible role in FJOA. We observed an up-regulation of TRAF2 in FJOA by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) compared to normal tissues. In vitro, we used TNF-α to stimulate Human SW1353 chondrosarcoma cells to establish the chondrocytes injury model. Western blot analysis revealed significant expression of TRAF2 and cleaved caspase-3/8 in SW1353 cells. Co-localization of TRAF2/cleaved caspase-3/8 was detected in the cells injury model by double-labeling immunofluorescent staining. We demonstrated a possible anti-apoptotic effect of TRAF2 in chondrocyte apoptosis in FJOA by knockdown of its expression with siRNA. Moreover, TRAF2 knockdown was demonstrated to enhance TNF-α-induced apoptosis by flow cytometry assay. In conclusion, our results show that the up-regulation of TRAF2 may play an important role in the inhibition of chondrocyte apoptosis of FJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Chunshuai Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Guofeng Bao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Yuyu Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Pengfei Xue
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Guanhua Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China.
| | - Zhiming Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China.
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