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Poncz M, Zaitsev SV, Ahn H, Kowalska MA, Bdeir K, Dergilev KV, Ivanciu L, Camire RM, Cines DB, Stepanova V. Packaging of supplemented urokinase into alpha granules of in vitro-grown megakaryocytes for targeted nascent clot lysis. Blood Adv 2024; 8:3798-3809. [PMID: 38805575 PMCID: PMC11298819 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2024012835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Fibrinolytics delivered into the general circulation lack selectivity for nascent thrombi, reducing efficacy and increasing the risk of bleeding. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) transgenically expressed within murine platelets provided targeted thromboprophylaxis without causing bleeding but is not clinically feasible. Recent advances in generating megakaryocytes prompted us to develop a potentially clinically relevant means to produce "antithrombotic" platelets from CD34+ hematopoietic stem cell-derived in vitro-grown megakaryocytes. CD34+ megakaryocytes internalize and store in alpha granules (α-granules) single-chain uPA (scuPA) and a plasmin-resistant thrombin-activatable variant (uPAT). Both uPAs colocalized with internalized factor V (FV), fibrinogen and plasminogen, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), and interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3, but not with endogenous von Willebrand factor (VWF). Endocytosis of uPA by CD34+ megakaryocytes was mediated, in part, via LRP1 and αIIbβ3. scuPA-containing megakaryocytes degraded endocytosed intragranular FV but not endogenous VWF in the presence of internalized plasminogen, whereas uPAT-megakaryocytes did not significantly degrade either protein. We used a carotid artery injury model in nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency IL2rγnull (NSG) mice homozygous for VWFR1326H (a mutation switching binding VWF specificity from mouse to human glycoprotein Ibα) to test whether platelets derived from scuPA- or uPAT-megakaryocytes would prevent thrombus formation. NSG/VWFR1326H mice exhibited a lower thrombotic burden after carotid artery injury compared with NSG mice unless infused with human platelets or megakaryocytes, whereas intravenous injection of uPA-megakaryocytes generated sufficient uPA-containing human platelets to lyse nascent thrombi. These studies describe the use of in vitro-generated megakaryocytes as a potential platform for delivering uPA or other ectopic proteins within platelet α-granules to sites of vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mortimer Poncz
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sergei V. Zaitsev
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Hyunsook Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - M. Anna Kowalska
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| | - Khalil Bdeir
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Konstantin V. Dergilev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology named after Academician E.I. Chazov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lacramioara Ivanciu
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Rodney M. Camire
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Douglas B. Cines
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Victoria Stepanova
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
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Poncz M, Zaitsev SV, Ahn H, Kowalska MA, Bdeir K, Camire RM, Cines DB, Stepanova V. Packaging of supplemented urokinase into naked alpha-granules of in vitro -grown megakaryocytes for targeted therapeutic delivery. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.05.570278. [PMID: 38106191 PMCID: PMC10723305 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.05.570278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Our prior finding that uPA endogenously expressed and stored in the platelets of transgenic mice prevented thrombus formation without causing bleeding, prompted us to develop a potentially clinically relevant means of generating anti-thrombotic human platelets in vitro from CD34 + hematopoietic cell-derived megakaryocytes. CD34 + -megakaryocytes internalize and store in α-granules single-chain uPA (scuPA) and a uPA variant modified to be plasmin-resistant, but thrombin-activatable, (uPAT). Both uPAs co-localized with internalized factor V (FV), fibrinogen and plasminogen, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), and interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3), but not with endogenous von Willebrand factor (VWF). Endocytosis of uPA by CD34 + -\megakaryocytes was mediated in part via LRP1 and αIIbβ3. scuPA-containing megakaryocytes degraded endocytosed intragranular FV, but not endogenous VWF, in the presence of internalized plasminogen, whereas uPAT-megakaryocytes did not significantly degrade either protein. We used a carotid-artery injury model in NOD-scid IL2rγnull (NSG) mice homozygous for VWF R1326H (a mutation switching binding VWF specificity from mouse to human glycoprotein IbmlIX) to test whether platelets derived from scuPA-MKs or uPAT-Mks would prevent thrombus formation. NSG/VWF R1326H mice exhibited a lower thrombotic burden after carotid artery injury compared to NSG mice unless infused with human platelets or MKs, whereas intravenous injection of either uPA-containing megakaryocytes into NSG/VWF R1326H generated sufficient uPA-containing human platelets to lyse nascent thrombi. These studies suggest the potential to deliver uPA or potentially other ectopic proteins within platelet α-granules from in vitro- generated megakaryocytes. Key points Unlike platelets, in vitro-grown megakaryocytes can store exogenous uPA in its α-granules.uPA uptake involves LRP1 and αIIbβ3 receptors and is functionally available from activated platelets.
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Jia W, Yuan J, Li S, Cheng B. The role of dysregulated mRNA translation machinery in cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic value of ribosome-inactivating proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189018. [PMID: 37944831 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated protein synthesis is a hallmark of tumors. mRNA translation reprogramming contributes to tumorigenesis, which is fueled by abnormalities in ribosome formation, tRNA abundance and modification, and translation factors. Not only malignant cells but also stromal cells within tumor microenvironment can undergo transformation toward tumorigenic phenotypes during translational reprogramming. Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) have garnered interests for their ability to selectively inhibit protein synthesis and suppress tumor growth. This review summarizes the role of dysregulated translation machinery in tumor development and explores the potential of RIPs in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Jia
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200043, China
| | - Jiaying Yuan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China.
| | - Binbin Cheng
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200043, China.
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MAPK Cascade Signaling Is Involved in α-MMC Induced Growth Inhibition of Multiple Myeloma MM.1S Cells via G2 Arrest and Mitochondrial-Pathway-Dependent Apoptosis In Vitro. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16010124. [PMID: 36678620 PMCID: PMC9867419 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a hematological malignancy characterized by the unrestricted proliferation of plasma cells that secrete monoclonal immunoglobulins in the bone marrow. Alpha-momorcharin (α-MMC) is a type I ribosome-inactivating protein extracted from the seeds of the edible plant Momordica charantia L., which has a variety of biological activities. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of α-MMC on the proliferation of multiple myeloma MM.1S cells and the molecular mechanism of MM.1S cell death induced through the activation of cell signal transduction pathways. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to determine the inhibitory effect of α-MMC on the proliferation of MM.1S cells and its toxic effect on normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The effect of α-MMC on the MM.1S cells' morphology was observed via inverted microscope imaging. The effects of α-MMC on the MM.1S cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and apoptosis were explored using propidium iodide, JC-1, annexin V- fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide fluorescence staining, and flow cytometry (FCM) analysis. Western blot was used to detect the expressions levels of apoptosis-related proteins and MAPK-signaling-pathway-related proteins in MM.1S cells induced by α-MMC. The results of the CCK-8 showed that in the concentration range of no significant toxicity to PBMCs, α-MMC inhibited the proliferation of MM.1S cells in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner, and the IC50 value was 13.04 and 7.518 μg/mL for 24 and 48 h, respectively. Through inverted microscope imaging, it was observed that α-MMC induced a typical apoptotic morphology in MM.1S cells. The results of the FCM detection and analysis showed that α-MMC could arrest the MM.1S cells cycle at the G2 phase, decrease the MMP, and induce cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis found that α-MMC upregulated the expression levels of Bax, Bid, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved PARP, and downregulated the expression levels of Mcl-1. At the same time, α-MMC decreased the expression levels of p-c-Raf, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, p-MSK1, and p-P90RSK, and increased the expression levels of p-p38, p-SPAK/JNK, p-c-Jun, and p-ATF2. The above results suggest that α-MMC can inhibit the proliferation of multiple myeloma MM.1S cells. MAPK cascade signaling is involved in the growth inhibition effect of α-MMC on MM.1S cells via cycle arrest and mitochondrial-pathway-dependent apoptosis.
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Sizova O, John LS, Ma Q, Molldrem JJ. Multi-faceted role of LRP1 in the immune system. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1166189. [PMID: 37020553 PMCID: PMC10069629 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Graft versus host disease (GVHD) represents the major complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-SCT). GVHD-prone patients rely on GVHD prophylaxis (e.g. methotrexate) and generalized anti-GVHD medical regimen (glucocorticoids). New anti-GVHD therapy strategies are being constantly explored, however there is an urgent need to improve current treatment, since GVHD-related mortality reaches 22% within 5 years in patients with chronic GVHD. This review is an attempt to describe a very well-known receptor in lipoprotein studies - the low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein 1 (LRP1) - in a new light, as a potential therapeutic target for GVHD prevention and treatment. Our preliminary studies demonstrated that LRP1 deletion in donor murine T cells results in significantly lower GVHD-related mortality in recipient mice with MHC (major histocompatibility complex) -mismatched HSCT. Given the importance of T cells in the development of GVHD, there is a significant gap in scientific literature regarding LRP1's role in T cell biology. Furthermore, there is limited research interest and publications on this classical receptor molecule in other immune cell types. Herein, we endeavor to summarize existing knowledge about LRP1's role in various immune cells to demonstrate the possibility of this receptor to serve as a novel target for anti-GVHD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sizova
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lisa St. John
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Qing Ma
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jeffrey J. Molldrem
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- ECLIPSE, Therapeutic Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Jeffrey J. Molldrem,
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Peng K, Deng N, Meng Y, He Q, Meng H, Luo T, Wei Y, Kang Y, Zhou X, Shen F. Alpha-Momorcharin Inhibits Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression by M1 Macrophages but Not Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Expression by M2 Macrophages. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4853-4872. [PMID: 36042868 PMCID: PMC9420447 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s372306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alpha-momorcharin (α-MMC) is a natural medicine derived from bitter melon and has been found to exert immunomodulatory effects. Our previous study indicated that α-MMC can regulate cytokine release from monocytes, but it remains unknown about its regulatory effect on different types of cytokines, such as inflammatory cytokines or anti-inflammatory cytokines. Methods LPS-induced M1-type macrophages model and IL-4-induced M2-type macrophages model were established, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines were assessed by ELISA after α-MMC was administered. Then, a LPS-induced acute pneumonia mouse model was established, the proinflammatory cytokines levels and inflammatory lesions in lung tissues were examined by ELISA or H&E staining. Furthermore, omics screening analysis and Western blotting verification were performed on TLR4 and JAK1-STAT6 signalling pathway-related proteins to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of α-MMC in those M1 macrophages and M2 macrophages. Results At a noncytotoxic dose of 0.3 μg/mL, α-MMC significantly inhibited the LPS-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MIP-1α and MCP-1, by M1 macrophages in a time-dependent manner, but α-MMC did not inhibit the IL-4-induced synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, IL-1RA, EGF, VEGF, TGF-β and CCL22, by M2 macrophages. Moreover, α-MMC also inhibited inflammatory cytokine expression in an LPS-induced acute pneumonia mouse model and alleviated inflammation in lung tissues. Furthermore, omics screening and Western blotting analysis confirmed that α-MMC inhibited TAK1/p-TAK1 and subsequently blocked the downstream MAPK and NF-κB pathways, thus inhibiting the LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine expression. Conclusion Our results reveal that α-MMC inhibits proinflammatory cytokine expression by M1 macrophages but not anti-inflammatory cytokine expression by M2 macrophages. The efficacy of α-MMC in selectively inhibiting proinflammatory cytokine expression renders it particularly suitable for the treatment of severe inflammation and autoimmune diseases characterized by cytokine storms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejun Peng
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Nianhua Deng
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Meng
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianchuan He
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Hao Meng
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Luo
- Wuhan Corebiolab Co., Ltd, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanru Wei
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Kang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fubing Shen
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Ribosome-Directed Therapies in Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092088. [PMID: 36140189 PMCID: PMC9495564 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The human ribosomes are the cellular machines that participate in protein synthesis, which is deeply affected during cancer transformation by different oncoproteins and is shown to provide cancer cell proliferation and therefore biomass. Cancer diseases are associated with an increase in ribosome biogenesis and mutation of ribosomal proteins. The ribosome represents an attractive anti-cancer therapy target and several strategies are used to identify specific drugs. Here we review the role of different drugs that may decrease ribosome biogenesis and cancer cell proliferation.
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Wang F, Wu P, Qin S, Deng Y, Han P, Li X, Fan C, Xu Y. Curcin C inhibit osteosarcoma cell line U2OS proliferation by ROS induced apoptosis, autophagy and cell cycle arrest through activating JNK signal pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:433-439. [PMID: 34896468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a kind of primary bone malignant tumors. Its cure rate has been stagnant in the past decade years. Curcin C belongs to type I ribosome inactivating proteins, extracted from the cotyledons of post-germinated Jatropha curcas seeds. It can inhibit the proliferation of several tumor lines including U2OS cells with extraordinary efficiency. The treated U2OS cells were arrested in both S and G2/M phase, showed typical apoptosis morphological characteristic, formed autophagosomes and increase the ratio of LC3II to LC3I. Meanwhile, the level of ROS in the treated cells was found increasing significantly, with the change of mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities. The application of ROS scavenger NAC not only significantly inhibited the toxicity of Curcin C but also prevented the happen of apoptosis and autophagy to some extent. These results suggested that Curcin C may function through ROS pathway. In addition, the Curcin C treatment could activate JNK and inhibit ERK signal pathway. Sp600125, an inhibitor of JNK signaling pathway, can prevent subsequent apoptosis and autophagy events, suggesting that JNK pathway was at least one of the pathways of Curcin C action. Moreover, the relevant including antagonistic among autophagy, apoptosis and cell cycle arresting induced by Curcin C also was found. In summary, it can be speculated that Curcin C may induce S, G2/M phase arrest, apoptosis and autophagy of human osteosarcoma U2OS cells through activating JNK signal pathway and blocking ERK signal pathway by promoting ROS accumulation in cell, thus finally reflected in the effect of inhibiting tumor cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siying Qin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pan Han
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Caixin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Disulfiram-loaded lactoferrin nanoparticles for treating inflammatory diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1913-1920. [PMID: 34561552 PMCID: PMC8461433 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00770-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a dysregulated immune response to infection and potentially leads to life-threatening organ dysfunction, which is often seen in serious Covid-19 patients. Disulfiram (DSF), an old drug that has been used to treat alcohol addiction for decades, has recently been identified as a potent inhibitor of the gasdermin D (GSDMD)-induced pore formation that causes pyroptosis and inflammatory cytokine release. Therefore, DSF represents a promising therapeutic for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Lactoferrin (LF) is a multifunctional glycoprotein with potent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities that acts by neutralizing circulating endotoxins and activating cellular responses. In addition, LF has been well exploited as a drug nanocarrier and targeting ligands. In this study, we developed a DSF-LF nanoparticulate system (DSF-LF NP) for combining the immunosuppressive activities of both DSF and LF. DSF-LF NPs could effectively block pyroptosis and inflammatory cytokine release from macrophages. Treatment with DSF-LF NPs showed remarkable therapeutic effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis. In addition, this therapeutic strategy was also applied to treat ulcerative colitis (UC), and substantial treatment efficacy was achieved in a murine colitis model. The underlying mode of action of these DSF-LF-NPs may contribute to efficiently suppressing macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses and ameliorating the complications caused by sepsis and UC. As macrophage pyroptosis plays a pivotal role in inflammation, this safe and effective biomimetic nanomedicine may offer a versatile therapeutic strategy for treating various inflammatory diseases by repurposing DSF. ![]()
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Zhao Y, Yang Y, Zhang J, Wang R, Cheng B, Kalambhe D, Wang Y, Gu Z, Chen D, Wang B, Huang Y. Lactoferrin-mediated macrophage targeting delivery and patchouli alcohol-based therapeutic strategy for inflammatory bowel diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1966-1976. [PMID: 33163347 PMCID: PMC7606100 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are the incurable chronic recurrent gastrointestinal disorders and currently lack in safe and effective drugs. In this study, patchouli alcohol, a main active compound of traditional Chinese herb patchouli, was developed into biomimetic liposomes for macrophage-targeting delivery for IBD treatment. The developed lactoferrin-modified liposomes (LF-lipo) can specifically bind to LRP-1 expressed on the activated colonic macrophages and achieve cell-targeting anti-inflammatory therapy. LF-lipo reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines and ROS and suppressed the MAPK/NF-κB pathway. LF-lipo also suppressed the formation of NLRP3 inflammasome and the consequent IL-1β activation. LF-lipo showed improved therapeutic efficacy in a DSS-induced colitis murine model, evidenced by the reduced disease activity index, the improved colon functions, and the downregulated inflammatory cytokines in the colon. LF-lipo provided an effective and safe macrophage-targeting delivery and therapeutic strategy for addressing the unmet medical need in IBD management.
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Liu B, Zhang Z, Lu S, He Q, Deng N, Meng H, Pan C, Li H, Liu M, Huang A, Shen F. In-silico analysis of ligand-receptor binding patterns of α-MMC, TCS and MAP30 protein to LRP1 receptor. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 98:107619. [PMID: 32311663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-momorcharin (α-MMC), trichosanthin (TCS), and momordica anti-HIV protein of 30 kD (MAP30) are potential anti-tumor drug candidates but have cytotoxicity to normal cells. The binding of these proteins to LRP1 receptor and the subsequent endocytosis are essential to their cytotoxicity, but this binding process remains largely unknown. This study, in-silico analysis of the binding patterns, was conducted via the protein-protein docking software, ZDOCK 3.0.2 package, to better understand the binding process. Specifically, α-MMC, TCS and MAP30 were selected and bound to binding subunits CR56 and CR17 of LRP1. After docking, the 10 best docking solutions are retained based on the default ZDOCK scores and used for structural assessment. Our results showed that, α-MMC bound to LRP1 stably at the amino acid residues 1-20, at which 8 residues formed 21 hydrogen bonds with 15 residues of CR56 and 10 residues formed 15 hydrogen bonds with 12 residues of CR17. In contrast, TCS and MAP30 bound mainly to LRP1 at the residues 1-57/79-150 and residues 58-102, respectively, which were functional domains of TCS and MAP30. Since residues 1-20 are outside the functional domain of α-MMC, α-MMC is considered more suitable to attenuate by mutating the receptor binding site. Thus, our analysis lays the foundation for future genetic engineering work on α-MMC, and makes important contributions to its potential clinical use in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, WestChina-Frontier Pharma Tech Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610043, PR China
| | - Zhonglin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Shiyong Lu
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Qingbaijiang, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Qianchuan He
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Nianhua Deng
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Hao Meng
- Beijing Computing Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100094, China; Beijing Beike Deyuan Bio-Pharm Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Chenling Pan
- Beijing Computing Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100094, China; Beijing Beike Deyuan Bio-Pharm Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Beijing Computing Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100094, China; Beijing Beike Deyuan Bio-Pharm Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Mengling Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Axiu Huang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Fubing Shen
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China.
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Lu JQ, Zhu ZN, Zheng YT, Shaw PC. Engineering of Ribosome-inactivating Proteins for Improving Pharmacological Properties. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12030167. [PMID: 32182799 PMCID: PMC7150887 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12030167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are N-glycosidases, which depurinate a specific adenine residue in the conserved α-sarcin/ricin loop (α-SRL) of rRNA. This loop is important for anchoring elongation factor (EF-G for prokaryote or eEF2 for eukaryote) in mRNA translocation. Translation is inhibited after the attack. RIPs therefore may have been applied for anti-cancer, and anti-virus and other therapeutic applications. The main obstacles of treatment with RIPs include short plasma half-life, non-selective cytotoxicity and antigenicity. This review focuses on the strategies used to improve the pharmacological properties of RIPs on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cancers. Coupling with polyethylene glycol (PEG) increases plasma time and reduces antigenicity. RIPs conjugated with antibodies to form immunotoxins increase the selective toxicity to target cells. The prospects for future development on the engineering of RIPs for improving their pharmacological properties are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Lu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong 99077, China; (J.-Q.L.); (Z.-N.Z.)
| | - Zhen-Ning Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong 99077, China; (J.-Q.L.); (Z.-N.Z.)
| | - Yong-Tang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, National Kunming High level Biosafety Research Center for Non-human Primates, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China;
| | - Pang-Chui Shaw
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong 99077, China; (J.-Q.L.); (Z.-N.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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Chen YJ, Zhu JQ, Fu XQ, Su T, Li T, Guo H, Zhu PL, Lee SKW, Yu H, Tse AKW, Yu ZL. Ribosome-Inactivating Protein α-Momorcharin Derived from Edible Plant Momordica charantia Induces Inflammatory Responses by Activating the NF-kappaB and JNK Pathways. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11120694. [PMID: 31779275 PMCID: PMC6949964 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11120694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-momorcharin (α-MMC), a member of the ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) family, has been found in the seeds of Momordica charantia (bitter melon). α-MMC contributes a number of pharmacological activities; however, its inflammatory properties have not been well studied. Here, we aim to determine the inflammatory responses induced by recombinant α-MMC and identify the underlying mechanisms using cell culture and animal models. Recombinant α-MMC was generated in Rosetta™(DE3)pLysS and purified by the way of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) chromatography. Treatment of recombinant α-MMC at 40 μg/mL exerted sub-lethal cytotoxic effect on THP-1 monocytic cells. Transcriptional profiling revealed that various genes coding for cytokines and other proinflammatory proteins were upregulated upon recombinant α-MMC treatment in THP-1 cells, including MCP-1, IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Recombinant α-MMC was shown to activate IKK/NF-κB and JNK pathways and the α-MMC-induced inflammatory gene expression could be blocked by IKKβ and JNK inhibitors. Furthermore, murine inflammatory models further demonstrated that α-MMC induced inflammatory responses in vivo. We conclude that α-MMC stimulates inflammatory responses in human monocytes by activating of IKK/NF-κB and JNK pathways, raising the possibility that consumption of α-MMC-containing food may lead to inflammatory-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Chen
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia-Qian Zhu
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiu-Qiong Fu
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Su
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ting Li
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pei-Li Zhu
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sally Kin-Wah Lee
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Anfernee Kai-Wing Tse
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Correspondence: (A.K.-W.T.); (Z.-L.Y.); Tel.: +86-0756-3620147 (A.K.-W.T.); +852-3411-2465 (Z.-L.Y.)
| | - Zhi-Ling Yu
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (A.K.-W.T.); (Z.-L.Y.); Tel.: +86-0756-3620147 (A.K.-W.T.); +852-3411-2465 (Z.-L.Y.)
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Du F, Zhao T, Ji HC, Luo YB, Wang F, Mao GH, Feng WW, Chen Y, Wu XY, Yang LQ. Dioxin-like (DL-) polychlorinated biphenyls induced immunotoxicity through apoptosis in mice splenocytes via the AhR mediated mitochondria dependent signaling pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110803. [PMID: 31563530 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) would do serious damage to multiple systems, while coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls, the most toxic member of the family, has been widely taken into consideration. In this study, ICR mice were fed with different doses of PCB126 to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms on immunotoxicity. The results showed that PCB126 caused immunosuppression as evidenced by inhibiting the ratios of thymus and spleen weights, changing the organizational structure and decreasing levels and mRNA expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-2. PCB126 inhibited the SOD activity and spurred the accumulation of MDA in spleen and thymus. Meanwhile, it also disturbed the Nrf2 signaling pathway as evidenced by up-regulating the mRNA expression of Nrf2 and Keap1. Additionally, a remarkable reduction in the mRNA expression of AhR and enhancement in the mRNA expression of Cyp1 enzymes (Cyp1a1, Cyp1a2 and Cyp1b1) were observed, which increased the ROS levels. PCB126 could increase protein expression of Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and Caspase-9, while the protein expression of Bcl-2 was decreased. In summary, the results indicated that PCB126 modulated the AhR signaling pathway, which interacted with apoptosis and oxidative stress to induce immunotoxicity, enrich the immunotoxicological mechanisms of PCB126.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Hong-Chen Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Ying-Biao Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Fen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Guang-Hua Mao
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei-Wei Feng
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Wu
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liu-Qing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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15
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Deng N, Sun Y, Liu M, He Q, Wang L, Zhang Y, Sun W, Lei N, Liu Y, Luo Y, Shen F. Alpha-momorcharin regulates cytokine expression and induces apoptosis in monocytes. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2019; 41:258-266. [DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2019.1610430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nianhua Deng
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yun Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Attached Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Mengling Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qianchuan He
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Wenkui Sun
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ning Lei
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Yingxia Luo
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Fubing Shen
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
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