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Duan R, Niu H, Ma L, Yang T. Genome-Wide DNA methylation profile analysis identifies differentially methylated loci associated with personal PM 2.5 exposure in adults with asthma. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 282:116743. [PMID: 39024952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5) is a major environmental risk factor for acute asthma exacerbation, and the underlying mechanism is not completely understood. Studies have indicated that DNA methylation is a potential mechanism linking PM2.5 to its health effects. We conducted a panel study involving 24 adult patients with asthma in Beijing,China between 2017 and 2019. PM2.5 and other atmospheric pollutant exposure data were repeatedly measured. Blood samples were collected for genome-wide DNA methylation analysis. A linear mixed-effects (LME) model was conducted to identify differentially methylated probes (DMPs) associated with PM2.5 exposure. After filtering out probes that did not meet the criteria through quality control, 811,001 CpG sites were included in the LME model, and 36 DMPs were strongly associated with personal PM2.5 exposure at false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05, of which 22 and 14 DMPs negatively and positively correlated with personal PM2.5 exposure, respectively. Functional analysis revealed that DMPs affected smooth muscle cell contraction and development, extracellular matrix synthesis and secretion, T cell activation and differentiation, and inflammatory factor production. This study provides evidence linking personal PM2.5 exposure to genome-wide DNA methylation in adult patients with asthma. Identifying enrichment pathways can provide biological insights into the acute health effects of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rurui Duan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-morbidity, Beijing, China
| | - Hongtao Niu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Linxi Ma
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-morbidity, Beijing, China; Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multi-morbidity, Beijing, China.
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2
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Jie XL, Tong ZR, Xu XY, Wu JH, Jiang XL, Tao Y, Feng PS, Yu J, Lan JP, Wang P. Mechanic study based on untargeted metabolomics of Pi-pa-run-fei-tang on pepper combined with ammonia induced chronic cough model mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117905. [PMID: 38364934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pi-pa-run-fei-tang (PPRFT), a traditional Chinese medicine formula with long-standing history, demonstrated beneficial effect on chronic cough. However, the mechanism underlying efficacy unclear. In current research, we explored the impact and molecular mechanism of chronic cough mouse stimulating with capsaicin combined with ammonia. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the metabolic modulating effects, and potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of PPRFT in chronic cough. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chronic cough mouse models were created by stimulating mice by capsaicin combined with ammonia. Number of coughs and cough latency within 2 min were recorded. With lung tissue and serum samples collected for histopathology, metabolomics, RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, and WB analysis. Lymphocytes were isolated and flow cytometric assays were conducted to evaluate the differentiation between Th17 and Treg cell among CD4+ cells. RESULTS Results indicated that PPRFT obviously reduced the number of coughs, prolonged cough latency, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and lung tissues damage, and decreased the serum level of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-17 while increasing IL-10 levels. Notably, PPRFT suppressed Th17 cell divergence and promoted Treg cell divergence. Furthermore, serum metabolomic assays showed that 46 metabolites differed significantly between group, with 35 pathways involved. Moreover, mRNA levels of IL-6, NF-κB, IL-17, RORγT, JAK2, STAT3, PI3K and AKT in lung tissues remarkably reduced and mRNA levels of IL-10 and FOXP3 were elevated after PPRFT pretreatment. Additionally, PPRFT treatments decreased the protein levels of IL-6, NF-κB, IL-17, RORγT, p-JAK2, p-STAT3, p-PI3K, and p-AKT and increased the protein levels of IL-10 and FOXP3, but no significantly effects to the levels on JAK2, STAT3, PI3K, and AKT in the lungs. CONCLUSION Conclusively, our result suggested the effect with PPRFT on chronic cough may be mediated through IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway, which regulate the differentiation between Th17 and Treg cell. This beneficial effect of PPRFT in capsaicin and ammonia-stimulated chronic cough mice indicates its potential application in treating chronic cough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lu Jie
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhe-Ren Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yue Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Liang Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Tao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Shi Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Yu
- Hangzhou Zhongmei Huadong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ji-Ping Lan
- School of Integrative Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
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Zhou X, Sampath V, Nadeau KC. Effect of air pollution on asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 132:426-432. [PMID: 38253122 PMCID: PMC10990824 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by respiratory symptoms, variable airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation. Exposure to air pollution has been linked to an increased risk of asthma development and exacerbation. This review aims to comprehensively summarize recent data on the impact of air pollution on asthma development and exacerbation. Specifically, we reviewed the effects of air pollution on the pathogenic pathways of asthma, including type 2 and non-type 2 inflammatory responses, and airway epithelial barrier dysfunction. Air pollution promotes the release of epithelial cytokines, driving TH2 responses, and induces oxidative stress and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. The enhanced type 2 inflammation, furthered by air pollution-induced dysfunction of the airway epithelial barrier, may be associated with the exacerbation of asthma. Disruption of the TH17/regulatory T cell balance by air pollutants is also related to asthma exacerbation. As the effects of air pollution exposure may accumulate over time, with potentially stronger impacts in the development of asthma during certain sensitive life periods, we also reviewed the effects of air pollution on asthma across the lifespan. Future research is needed to better characterize the sensitive period contributing to the development of air pollution-induced asthma and to map air pollution-associated epigenetic biomarkers contributing to the epigenetic ages onto asthma-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vanitha Sampath
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Bowman WS, Schmidt RJ, Sanghar GK, Thompson Iii GR, Ji H, Zeki AA, Haczku A. "Air That Once Was Breath" Part 1: Wildfire-Smoke-Induced Mechanisms of Airway Inflammation - "Climate Change, Allergy and Immunology" Special IAAI Article Collection: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2023. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024; 185:600-616. [PMID: 38452750 DOI: 10.1159/000536578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wildfires are a global concern due to their wide-ranging environmental, economic, and public health impacts. Climate change contributes to an increase in the frequency and intensity of wildfires making smoke exposure a more significant and recurring health concern for individuals with airway diseases. Some of the most prominent effects of wildfire smoke exposure are asthma exacerbations and allergic airway sensitization. Likely due to the delayed recognition of its health impacts in comparison with cigarette smoke and industrial or traffic-related air pollution, research on the composition, the mechanisms of toxicity, and the cellular/molecular pathways involved is poor or non-existent. SUMMARY This review discusses potential underlying pathological mechanisms of wildfire-smoke-related allergic airway disease and asthma. We focused on major gaps in understanding the role of wildfire smoke composition in the development of airway disease and the known and potential mechanisms involving cellular and molecular players of oxidative injury at the epithelial barrier in airway inflammation. We examine how PM2.5, VOCs, O3, endotoxin, microbes, and toxic gases may affect oxidative stress and inflammation in the respiratory mucosal barrier. We discuss the role of AhR in mediating smoke's effects in alarmin release and IL-17A production and how glucocorticoid responsiveness may be impaired by IL-17A-induced signaling and epigenetic changes leading to steroid-resistant severe airway inflammation. KEY MESSAGE Effective mitigation of wildfire-smoke-related respiratory health effects would require comprehensive research efforts aimed at a better understanding of the immune regulatory effects of wildfire smoke in respiratory health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willis S Bowman
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Rebecca J Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Gursharan K Sanghar
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - George R Thompson Iii
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Hong Ji
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, USA
| | - Amir A Zeki
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Angela Haczku
- UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
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Martín-Cruz L, Benito-Villalvilla C, Sirvent S, Angelina A, Palomares O. The Role of Regulatory T Cells in Allergic Diseases: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum (CIA) Update 2024. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024; 185:503-518. [PMID: 38408438 DOI: 10.1159/000536335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergy represents a major health problem of increasing prevalence worldwide with a high socioeconomic impact. Our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying allergic diseases and their treatments has significantly improved over the last years. The generation of allergen-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs) is crucial in the induction of healthy immune responses to allergens, preventing the development and worsening of allergic diseases. SUMMARY In the last decades, intensive research has focused on the study of the molecular mechanisms involved in Treg development and Treg-mediated suppression. These mechanisms are essential for the induction of sustained tolerance by allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) after treatment discontinuation. Compelling experimental evidence demonstrated altered suppressive capacity of Tregs in patients suffering from allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, food allergy, or atopic dermatitis, as well as the restoration of their numbers and functionality after successful AIT. KEY MESSAGE The better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in Treg generation during allergen tolerance induction might well contribute to the development of novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Martín-Cruz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Benito-Villalvilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Sirvent
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Angelina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Lu Y, Jie X, Zou F, Wang D, Da H, Li H, Zhao H, He J, Liu J, Fan X, Liu Y. Investigation analysis of the acute asthma risk factor and phenotype based on relational analysis with outdoor air pollutants in Xi'an, China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:75. [PMID: 38367077 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01816-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic heterogeneous disease. Outdoor air pollutants are an important cause of acute asthma. Until now, the association between the risk of acute asthma and outdoor air pollutants is unclear. And the relationship between the different phenotypes of asthma and outdoor air pollutants has not been reported. Thus, an analysis of the association between outdoor air pollutants and daily acute asthma inpatient and outpatient visits in Xi'an, China, from January 1 to December 31, 2018, was conducted. A total of 3395 people were included in the study. The statistical analysis and relational analysis based on the logistic regression were used for illustrating the relatedness of the acute asthma risk factor and phenotype with outdoor air pollutants, while the age, gender, pollen peak and non-pollen peak periods, high type 2 (T2) asthma and non-high T2 asthma were also stratified. Results showed that particulate matter with particle size below 10 μm and 2.5 μm (PM10 and PM2.5), sulfur dioxide(SO2), nitrogen dioxide(NO2), and carbon monoxide(CO) increase the risk of acute asthma and that air pollutants have a lagged effect on asthma patients. PM10, NO2, CO, and Ozone (O3) are associated with an increased risk of acute attacks of high T2 asthma. PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and CO are associated with an increased risk of acute asthma in males of 0-16 years old. PM10 and PM2.5 are more harmful to asthma patients with abnormal lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ganzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Ganzhou Fifth People's Hospital, Ganzhou, 341007, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xueyan Jie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fan Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hongju Da
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hongxin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jin He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jianghao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xinping Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Wang H, Huang M, Zhu M, Su C, Zhang Y, Chen H, Jiang Y, Wang H, Guo Q, Zhang S. Paclitaxel combined with Compound K inducing pyroptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells by regulating Treg/Th17 balance. Chin Med 2024; 19:26. [PMID: 38360696 PMCID: PMC10870689 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors, which have attracted much attention in recent years, have achieved good efficacy, but their use is limited by the high incidence of acquired drug resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new immunotherapy drugs. Compound taxus chinensis capsule (CTC) is an oral paclitaxel compound drug, clinical results showed it can change the number of regulatory T cells and T helper cell 17 in peripheral blood. Regulating the balance between regulatory T cells and T helper cell 17 is considered to be an effective anticancer strategy. Paclitaxel and ginsenoside metabolite compound K are the main immunomodulatory components, it is not clear that paclitaxel combined with compound K can inhibit tumor development by regulating the balance between regulatory T cell and T helper cell 17. METHODS MTT, EdU proliferation and plate colony formation assay were used to determine the concentration of paclitaxel and compound K. AnnexinV-FITC/PI staining, ELISA, Western Blot assay, Flow Cytometry and Immunofluorescence were used to investigate the effect of paclitaxel combined with compound K on Lewis cell cultured alone or co-cultured with splenic lymphocyte. Finally, transplanted tumor C57BL/6 mice model was constructed to investigate the anti-cancer effect in vivo. RESULTS According to the results of MTT, EdU proliferation and plate colony formation assay, paclitaxel (10 nM) and compound K (60 μM) was used to explore the mechanism. The results of Flow Cytometry demonstrated that paclitaxel combined with compound K increased the number of T helper cell 17 and decreased the number of regulatory T cells, which induced pyroptosis of cancer cells. The balance was mediated by the JAK-STAT pathway according to the results of Western Blot and Immunofluorescence. Finally, the in vivo results showed that paclitaxel combined with compound K significantly inhibit the progression of lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found that paclitaxel combined with compound K can activate CD8+ T cells and induce pyroptosis of tumor cells by regulating the balance between regulatory T cells and T helper cell 17. These results demonstrated that this is a feasible treatment strategy for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Su
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 21009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijian Zhang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 21009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- The Fourth Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Haidi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 21009, People's Republic of China.
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Medof ME, Rieder SA, Shevach EM. Disabled C3ar1/C5ar1 Signaling in Foxp3+ T Regulatory Cells Leads to TSDR Demethylation and Long-Term Stability. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:1359-1366. [PMID: 37756526 PMCID: PMC10591991 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Demethylation of the T regulatory cell (Treg)-specific demethylation region (TSDR) of the Foxp3 gene is the hallmark of Foxp3+ Treg stability, but the cellular signaling that programs this epigenetic state remains undefined. In this article, we show that suppressed C3a and C5a receptor (C3ar1/C5ar1) signaling in murine Tregs plays an obligate role. Murine C3ar1-/-C5ar1-/- Foxp3+ cells showed increased suppressor of cytokine signaling 1/2/3 expression, vitamin C stabilization, and ten-eleven translocation (TET) 1, TET2, and TET3 expression, all of which are linked to Treg stability. C3ar1-/-C5ar1-/- Foxp3+ cells additionally were devoid of BRD4 signaling that primes Th17 cell lineage commitment. Orally induced OVA-specific C3ar1-/-C5ar1-/- Foxp3+ OT-II Tregs transferred to OVA-immunized wild-type recipients remained >90% Foxp3+ out to 4 mo, whereas identically generated CD55-/- (DAF-/-) Foxp3+ OT-II Tregs (in which C3ar1/C5ar1 signaling is potentiated) lost >75% of Foxp3 expression by 14 d. After 4 mo in vivo, the C3ar1-/-C5ar1-/- Foxp3+ OT-II Tregs fully retained Foxp3 expression even with OVA challenge and produced copious TGF-β and IL-10. Their TSDR was demethylated comparably with that of thymic Tregs. They exhibited nuclear translocation of NFAT and NF-κB reported to stabilize thymic Tregs by inducing hairpin looping of the TSDR to the Foxp3 promoter. Thus, disabled CD4+ cell C3ar1/C5ar1 signaling triggers the sequential cellular events that lead to demethylation of the Foxp3 TSDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Edward Medof
- Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sadiye A. Rieder
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD USA
| | - Ethan M. Shevach
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD USA
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Qu X, Yi X, Zhong H, Ruan W, Huang D. Effect and mechanism of imbalance via Th9 cells and Th17/Treg cells in inflammatory and fibrotic phases of pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37083059 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2203002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the role and mechanism of imbalance via Th9 cells and Th17/Treg cells in the inflammatory and fibrotic phases of pulmonary fibrosis in mice. A total of mice were split into normal saline (control group) and inflammation and fibrosis mouse models (study group) randomly, and lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were obtained from mice at the inflammatory and fibrotic phases on the 7th and 28th day, respectively. The degenerative changes in the mouse lung tissue were then visible using H&E staining. The expression of CCR6 and IL-9 in the lung tissues of two groups was examined through an immunohistochemistry assay. Fluorescence PCR was used to assess the expression of PU.1 mRNA in BALF, and flow cytometry was performed to identify the expression of Th17 and Treg. (1). The level of pulmonary fibrosis and lung inflammation in the research group was significantly higher than in the control group. (2). The expression of Th17, CCR6, IL-9 and PU.1 mRNA was substantially higher (P<0.05) in the research group at different time points; the expression level of Treg cells was considerably lower (P<0.05) in the research group than in the control group. (3). CCR6, IL-9 and PU.1 mRNA levels were statistically directly associated (P<0.05) with Th17 and inversely correlated 40 with Regulatory T cells (Tregs). CCR6 and Th9 cells may be involved in 45 developing Th17/Treg imbalance in the immune inflammation of pulmonary fibrosis, which promotes fibrocyte proliferation in lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Qu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xue Yi
- Department of Basic Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hongyuan Zhong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenwen Ruan
- Department of Basic Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Dongmei Huang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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10
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review addresses recent progress in our understanding of the role of regulatory T (Treg) cells in enforcing immune tolerance and tissue homeostasis in the lung at steady state and in directing the immune response in asthmatic lung inflammation. RECENT FINDINGS Regulatory T cells regulate the innate and adaptive immune responses at steady state to enforce immune tolerance in lung tissues at steady state and their control of the allergic inflammatory responses induced by allergens. This regulatory function can break down in the context of chronic asthmatic airway inflammation such that the lung tissue Treg cells become skewed towards a pathogenic phenotype that aggravates and perpetuates disease. Subversion of lung tissue Treg cell function involves their upregulation of Notch4 expression, which in turn acts to amplify T helper type 2 and type 17 and innate lymphoid cell type 2 responses in the airways. SUMMARY A dual role for Treg cells has emerged both as immune regulators but also a potential disease effectors in asthma, with implications for disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Harb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Germany
| | - Talal A Chatila
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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Guan T, Zhou X, Zhou W, Lin H. Regulatory T cell and macrophage crosstalk in acute lung injury: future perspectives. Cell Death Dis 2023; 9:9. [PMID: 36646692 PMCID: PMC9841501 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01310-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) describes the injury to endothelial cells in the lungs and associated vessels due to various factors. Furthermore, ALI accompanied by inflammation and thrombosis has been reported as a common complication of SARS-COV-2 infection. It is widely accepted that inflammation and the cytokine storm are main causes of ALI. Two classical anti-inflammatory cell types, regulatory T cells (Tregs) and M2 macrophages, are theoretically capable of resisting uncontrolled inflammation. Recent studies have indicated possible crosstalk between Tregs and macrophages involving their mutual activation. In this review, we discuss the current findings related to ALI pathogenesis and the role of Tregs and macrophages. In particular, we review the molecular mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between Tregs and macrophages in ALI pathogenesis. Understanding the role of Tregs and macrophages will provide the potential targets for treating ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Guan
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi China ,grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825Queen Mary university, Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi Province China
| | - Xv Zhou
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi China ,grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825Queen Mary university, Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi Province China
| | - Wenwen Zhou
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi China
| | - Hui Lin
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi China
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12
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Max interacting protein 1 induces IL-17-producing T helper/regulatory T imbalance in osteoarthritis by upregulating tectonic family member 2. Tissue Cell 2022; 78:101906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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13
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Wu Y, Pei C, Wang X, Wang Y, Huang D, Shi S, Shen Z, Li S, He Y, Wang Z, Wang J. Probiotics ameliorates pulmonary inflammation via modulating gut microbiota and rectifying Th17/Treg imbalance in a rat model of PM2.5 induced lung injury. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 244:114060. [PMID: 36115151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The imbalance of intestinal microbiota and inflammatory response is crucial in the development of lung injury induced by PM2.5. In recent years, probiotics have attracted great attention for their health benefits in inflammatory diseases and regulating intestinal balance, but their intricate mechanisms need further experiments to elucidate. In our research, a rat lung damage model induced by PM2.5 exposure in real environment was established to explore the protective properties of probiotics on PM2.5 exposure injury and its related mechanism. The results indicated that compared with the AF control group, rats in the PM2.5 group gained weight slowly, ate less and had yellow hair. The results of pathological and immunohistochemical examinations showed that the inflammatory infiltration of lung tissue was alleviated after probiotic treatment. The Lung function results also showed the improvement effects of probiotics administration. In addition, probiotics could promote the balance of Th17 and Treg cells, inhibit cytokines expression (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17A), and increase the concentration of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10, TGF-β). In addition, 16 S rRNA sequence analysis showed that probiotic treatment could reduce microbiota abundance and diversity, increase the abundance of possible beneficial bacteria, and decrease the abundance of bacteria associated with inflammation. In general, probiotic intervention was found to have preventive effects on the occurrence of PM2.5 induced pathological injury, and the mechanism was associate with to the inhibition of inflammatory response, regulation of Th17/Treg balance and maintenance of intestinal internal environment stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcan Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Caixia Pei
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Yilan Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Demei Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Shihua Shi
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Zherui Shen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Shuiqin Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Yacong He
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China.
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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14
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Tian J, Shi H, Wang X, Wu H, Wang C, Liu N, Wang D, Shi D, Zhang H, Zhang Z. The cardiotoxicity of asthmatic rats after traffic-related PM 2.5 and water-soluble components exposure mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:50704-50716. [PMID: 35235115 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is closely related to cardiopulmonary diseases; it is known that the respiratory system is related to the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of traffic-related PM2.5 (TRPM2.5) and water-soluble components (WSC) on hearts of asthmatic rats and explore potential molecular mechanisms. Here, ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized asthmatic rats were intratracheally instilled with TRPM2.5 and WSC every 3 days in total of eight times. Significant myocardial pathological changes were observed in the TRPM2.5 and WSC group by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) results demonstrated TRPM2.5 and WSC aggravated apoptosis of myocardial cells, which may be triggered by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), as manifested by elevated GRP78, CHOP, and caspase-12. Likewise, TRPM2.5 and WSC activated autophagy via upregulation of LC3 and p62 gene and protein expression. In conclusion, TRPM2.5 and WSC may aggravate heart injury in asthmatic rats, possibly through the activation of ERS and autophagy signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Tian
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hao Shi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongyan Wu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Dongxing Shi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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15
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Recent Insights into Particulate Matter (PM 2.5)-Mediated Toxicity in Humans: An Overview. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127511. [PMID: 35742761 PMCID: PMC9223652 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Several epidemiologic and toxicological studies have commonly viewed ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5), defined as particles having an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm, as a significant potential danger to human health. PM2.5 is mostly absorbed through the respiratory system, where it can infiltrate the lung alveoli and reach the bloodstream. In the respiratory system, reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS, RNS) and oxidative stress stimulate the generation of mediators of pulmonary inflammation and begin or promote numerous illnesses. According to the most recent data, fine particulate matter, or PM2.5, is responsible for nearly 4 million deaths globally from cardiopulmonary illnesses such as heart disease, respiratory infections, chronic lung disease, cancers, preterm births, and other illnesses. There has been increased worry in recent years about the negative impacts of this worldwide danger. The causal associations between PM2.5 and human health, the toxic effects and potential mechanisms of PM2.5, and molecular pathways have been described in this review.
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16
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Xiang R, Yan J, Cheng S, Yang Y, Wang H, Xie J, Zhang L, Chen J. Developmental immunotoxicity and its potential gender differences of perinatal exposure to 4-nonylphenol on offspring rats: JAK-STAT signaling pathway involved. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 237:113560. [PMID: 35468439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to explore the developmental immunotoxicity (DIT) and its potential gender differences of perinatal exposure to 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), which was significant for the risk assessment of 4-NP exposure to fetuses and infants. Wistar pregnant rats were given the National Institution of Health (NIH)- 31 modified feed containing 0, 10, 100 and 500 mg/kg 4-NP from the gestation day (GD) 6 to the postnatal day (PND) 21. At PND21, the offspring rats were randomly selected to detect developmental immunotoxicity related indicators. Results suggested that high-dose 4-NP perinatal exposure caused growth retardation in infancy of male offspring rats, which was not obvious in female offspring rats. Also, 4-NP perinatal exposure induced DIT (mainly manifested as immunosuppression) with potential gender differences, including decreased weight of immune organs, suppressed immune function, decreased ratio of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/interleukin (IL)- 17A, increased ratio of T helper (Th) 17/regulatory T (Treg) cells et al. In addition, exploration of the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway showed that JAK-STAT pathway mediated the leftward of Th17/Treg cells balance. Furthermore, the DIT to female offspring rats was more sensitive than to the males, which may be related to the differences of biological processes involved and needed to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xiang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiuming Yan
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shupin Cheng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Yi Yang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Chengdu 363 Hospital affiliated with Southwest Medical University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - He Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Institute of Maternal and Child Medicine, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Health Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518048, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinghua Xie
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lishi Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinyao Chen
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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