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Chen M, Chen Y, Fu R, Liu S, Li H, Shen T. Atox1 regulates macrophage polarization in intestinal inflammation via ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. J Transl Med 2024; 22:497. [PMID: 38796413 PMCID: PMC11128112 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and oxidative stress play an important role in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to explore the effects of copper chaperone Antioxidant-1 (Atox1) on macrophages in a mouse model of intestinal inflammation. METHODS A mouse model of TNBS-induced colitis was established and verified using the disease activity index. Atox1 conditional knockout mice were applied. The proportion of macrophages in colonic lamina propria mononuclear cells and ROS production were analyzed using flow cytometry. Inflammatory cytokines were measured using ELISA. Expression of macrophage M1/M2 polarization markers, p47phox, NLRP3, and Caspase-1 p20 was measured using quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS Atox1 expression was up-regulated in colon tissues of TNBS-induced colitis mice. Macrophages isolated from TNBS-induced colitis mice showed M1 polarization and nuclear translocation of Atox1. Inhibiting copper chaperone activity decreased p47phox, ROS production, and M1 polarization induced by CuCl2 in macrophages. TNBS induced up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines, M1 polarization markers, and p47phox expression in mice, an effect which was preempted by Atox1 knockout. Inflammatory cytokines and expression of M1 polarization markers, p47phox, NLRP3, Caspase-1 p20 were also increased in macrophages isolated from TNBS-induced colitis mice. These changes were alleviated in mice with Atox1 knockout. The effects of Atox1 on macrophage polarization were mediated via the ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. CONCLUSION Atox1 plays a pro-inflammatory role, promotes M1 polarization of macrophages, and increases the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in intestinal tissue by regulating the ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Atox1 is a potential therapeutic target in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- MingXian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234, Gucui road, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine on Spleen-Stomach Diseases, Zhejiang Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Zhejiang Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Rui Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234, Gucui road, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - SaiYue Liu
- Department of Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring, Zhejiang Province Center of Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring, No. 39, Yile road, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
| | - HaiXia Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guanganmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5, Beixian Ge, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - TangBiao Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234, Gucui road, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
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Qu R, Peng Y, Xu S, Zhou M, Yin X, Liu B, Bi H, Guo D. RBPJ Knockdown Promotes M2 Macrophage Polarization Through Mitochondrial ROS-mediated Notch1-Jagged1-Hes1 Signaling Pathway in Uveitis. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02053-y. [PMID: 38761249 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02053-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Uveitis is an autoimmune eye disease that can be involved in the entire body and is one of the leading causes of blindness. Therefore, comprehending the mechanisms underlying the development and regulation of ocular immune responses in uveitis is crucial for designing effective therapeutic interventions. In this study, we investigated how RBPJ regulates macrophage polarization in uveitis. We demonstrated that targeted RBPJ knockdown (RBPJKD) promotes M2 macrophage polarization and ameliorates uveitis through the mtROS-mediated Notch1-Jagged1-Hes1 signaling pathway. Real-time quantitative (Q-PCR) analysis revealed that the Notch1-Jagged1-Hes1 signaling pathway was active in the eye tissues of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) rats. Immunofluorescence double staining confirmed enhanced signaling primarily occurring in macrophages, establishing a correlation between the Notch1 signaling pathway and macrophages. Transmission electron microscopy evaluated the morphological and functional changes of mitochondria in each group's eye tissues. It demonstrated significant swelling and disorganization in the EAU group, which were effectively restored upon RBPJ knockdown intervention. Finally, by employing an antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) to eliminate mtROS in vivo, we observed a decrease in the M2 macrophage polarization level, which prevented the cytoprotective effect conferred by RBPJKD. These findings underscore the relevance of the Notch signaling pathway to the immune system while highlighting the potential role of mtROS as a therapeutic target for inflammation and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Qu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Yuan Peng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Shuqin Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Mengxian Zhou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Xuewei Yin
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Dadong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China.
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3
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Song Q, Wang D, Li H, Wang Z, Sun S, Wang Z, Liu Y, Lin S, Li G, Zhang S, Zhang P. Dual-response of multi-functional microsphere system to ultrasound and microenvironment for enhanced bone defect treatment. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:304-318. [PMID: 37876555 PMCID: PMC10590728 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Using bone tissue engineering strategies to achieve bone defect repair is a promising modality. However, the repair process outcomes are often unsatisfactory. Here we properly designed a multi-functional microsphere system, which could deliver bioactive proteins under the dual response of ultrasound and microenvironment, release microenvironment-responsive products on demand, reverse bone injury microenvironment, regulate the immune microenvironment, and achieve excellent bone defect treatment outcomes. In particular, the MnO2 introduced into the poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres during synthesis could consume the acid produced by the degradation of PLGA to protect bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). More importantly, MnO2 could consume reactive oxygen species (ROS) and produce Mn2+ and oxygen (O2), further promoting the repair of bone defects while reversing the microenvironment. Moreover, the reversal of the bone injury microenvironment and the depletion of ROS promoted the polarization of M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages, and the immune microenvironment was regulated. Notably, the ultrasound (US) irradiation used during treatment also allowed the on-demand release of microenvironment-responsive products. The multi-functional microsphere system combines the effects of on-demand delivery, reversal of bone injury microenvironment, and regulation of the immune microenvironment, providing new horizons for the clinical application of protein delivery and bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxu Song
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Dianwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zongliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Songjia Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Sien Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Shaokun Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Peibiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
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Liu Q, Yan X, Yuan Y, Li R, Zhao Y, Fu J, Wang J, Su J. HTRA2/OMI-Mediated Mitochondrial Quality Control Alters Macrophage Polarization Affecting Systemic Chronic Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1577. [PMID: 38338855 PMCID: PMC10855076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic chronic inflammation (SCI) due to intrinsic immune over-activation is an important factor in the development of many noninfectious chronic diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes mellitus. Among these immune responses, macrophages are extensively involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses by virtue of their polarization plasticity; thus, dysregulation of macrophage polarization direction is one of the potential causes of the generation and maintenance of SCI. High-temperature demand protein A2 (HtrA2/Omi) is an important regulator of mitochondrial quality control, not only participating in the degradation of mis-accumulated proteins in the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) to maintain normal mitochondrial function through its enzymatic activity, but also participating in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics-related protein interactions to maintain mitochondrial morphology. Recent studies have also reported the involvement of HtrA2/Omi as a novel inflammatory mediator in the regulation of the inflammatory response. HtrA2/Omi regulates the inflammatory response in BMDM by controlling TRAF2 stabilization in a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model; the lack of HtrA2 ameliorates pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms by which HtrA2/Omi proteins are involved in macrophage polarization remodeling by influencing macrophage energy metabolism reprogramming through the regulation of inflammatory signaling pathways and mitochondrial quality control, elucidating the roles played by HtrA2/Omi proteins in inflammatory responses. In conclusion, interfering with HtrA2/Omi may become an important entry point for regulating macrophage polarization, providing new research space for developing HtrA2/Omi-based therapies for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jing Su
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basical Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130012, China
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Hou Y, Wei D, Zhang Z, Lei T, Li S, Bao J, Guo H, Tan L, Xie X, Zhuang Y, Lu Z, Zhao Y. Downregulation of nutrition sensor GCN2 in macrophages contributes to poor wound healing in diabetes. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113658. [PMID: 38175755 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Poor skin wound healing, which is common in patients with diabetes, is related to imbalanced macrophage polarization. Here, we find that nutrition sensor GCN2 (general control nonderepressible 2) and its downstream are significantly upregulated in human skin wound tissue and mouse skin wound macrophages, but skin wound-related GCN2 expression and activity are significantly downregulated by diabetes and hyperglycemia. Using wound healing models of GCN2-deleted mice, bone marrow chimeric mice, and monocyte-transferred mice, we show that GCN2 deletion in macrophages significantly delays skin wound healing compared with wild-type mice by altering M1 and M2a/M2c polarization. Mechanistically, GCN2 inhibits M1 macrophages via OXPHOS-ROS-NF-κB pathway and promotes tissue-repairing M2a/M2c macrophages through eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α)-hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α)-glycolysis pathway. Importantly, local supplementation of GCN2 activator halofuginone efficiently restores wound healing in diabetic mice with re-balancing M1 and M2a/2c polarization. Thus, the decreased macrophage GCN2 expression and activity contribute to poor wound healing in diabetes and targeting GCN2 improves wound healing in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangxiao Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tong Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Beijing, China
| | - Sihong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Tan
- Kidney Transplantation Department, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xubiao Xie
- Kidney Transplantation Department, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongbing Lu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Beijing, China.
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6
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Liu B, Deng Y, Duan Z, Chu C, Wang X, Yang C, Li J, Ding W. Neutrophil extracellular traps promote intestinal barrier dysfunction by regulating macrophage polarization during trauma/hemorrhagic shock via the TGF-β signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110941. [PMID: 37890686 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism by which neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may cause intestinal barrier dysfunction in response to trauma/hemorrhagic shock (T/HS) remains unclear. In this study, the roles and mechanisms of NETs in macrophage polarization were examined to determine whether this process plays a role in tissue damage associated with T/HS. Rat models of T/HS and macrophage polarization were developed and the levels of NETs formation in the intestinal tissue of T/HS rats were assessed. NET formation was inhibited in models of T/HS to examine the effect on intestinal inflammation and barrier injury. The proportions of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophages in the damaged intestinal tissues were measured. Finally, high-throughput sequencing was performed to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved in this process. The study revealed that the level of NETs formation was increased and that inhibition of NETs formation alleviated the intestinal inflammation and barrier injury. Moreover, the number of pro-inflammatory macrophages increased and the number of anti-inflammatory macrophages decreased. RNA sequencing analysis indicated that NETs formation decreased the expression of transforming growth factor-beta receptor 2 (TGFBR2), bioinformatic analyses revealed that TGFBR2 was significantly enriched in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway. Verification experiments showed that NETs impeded macrophage differentiation into the anti-inflammatory/M2 phenotype and inhibited TGFBR2 and TGF-β expression in macrophages. However, treatment with DNase I and overexpression of TGFBR2, and inhibition of TGF-β promoted and prevented this process, respectively. NETs may regulate the macrophage polarization process by promoting intestinal barrier dysfunction in T/HS rats through the TGFBR2-mediated TGF-β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baochen Liu
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunxuan Deng
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zehua Duan
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengnan Chu
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jieshou Li
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Weiwei Ding
- Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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7
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Zhang K, Guo J, Yan W, Xu L. Macrophage polarization in inflammatory bowel disease. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:367. [PMID: 38129886 PMCID: PMC10734116 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01386-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has encouraged research efforts, which have contributed to gradual improvements in our understanding of IBD diagnosis and therapeutic approaches. The pathogenesis of IBD has not been fully elucidated; however, the combined actions of environmental, genetic, immune factors, and microbial organisms are believed to cause IBD. In the innate immune system, macrophages play important roles in maintaining intestinal health and in the development of IBD. Macrophages can be polarized from M0 into several phenotypes, among which M1 and M2 play critical roles in IBD development and the repair of intestinal homeostasis and damage. Certain macrophage-related IBD studies already exist; however, the functions of each phenotype have not been fully elucidated. As technology develops, understanding the link between macrophages and IBD has increased, including the growing knowledge of the developmental origins of intestinal macrophages and their performance of comprehensive functions. This review describes macrophage polarization in IBD from the perspectives of macrophage development and polarization, macrophage changes in homeostasis and IBD, metabolic changes, and the mechanisms of macrophage polarization in IBD. The discussion of these topics provides new insights into immunotherapy strategies for IBD. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Wenlong Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Lingfen Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China.
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Ebihara S, Urashima T, Amano W, Yamamura H, Konishi N. Macrophage polarization toward M1 phenotype in T cell transfer colitis model. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:411. [PMID: 38012544 PMCID: PMC10680295 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-03054-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T cell transfer colitis model is often used to study the CD4+ T cell functions in the intestine. However, the specific roles of macrophages in colitis remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the phenotype and functions of macrophages in the colonic lamina propria (LP) in a colitis model. METHODS Colitis was induced in scid mice via the adaptive transfer of CD4+CD45RBhi T cells. Then, flow cytometry was used to determine the number of macrophages in the colonic LP and expression of cytokines in macrophages at the onset of colitis. Moreover, M1/M2 macrophage markers were detected in the colonic LP during colitis development using high-dimensional single-cell data and gating-based analyses. Expression levels of M1 markers in macrophages isolated from the colonic LP were measured using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, macrophages were co-cultured with T cells isolated from the colon to assess colitogenic T cell activation. RESULTS Infiltration of macrophages into the colon increased with the development of colitis in the T cell transfer colitis model. M1/M2 macrophage markers were observed in this model, as observed in the colon of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Moreover, number of M1 macrophages increased, whereas that of M2 macrophages decreased in the colonic LP during colitis development. M1 macrophages were identified as the main source of inflammatory cytokine production, and colitogenic T cells were activated via interactions with these macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that macrophages polarized toward the M1 phenotype in LP during colitis development in the T cell transfer colitis model. Therefore, the colitis model is suitable for the evaluation of the efficacy of macrophage-targeted drugs in human IBD treatment. Furthermore, this model can be used to elucidate the in vivo functions of macrophages in the colon of patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ebihara
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Takatsuki Research Center, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco, Inc, 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan.
| | - Toshiki Urashima
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Takatsuki Research Center, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco, Inc, 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Wataru Amano
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Takatsuki Research Center, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco, Inc, 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Hideto Yamamura
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Takatsuki Research Center, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco, Inc, 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Noriko Konishi
- Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Takatsuki Research Center, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco, Inc, 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
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9
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Vámos E, Kálmán N, Sturm EM, Nayak BB, Teppan J, Vántus VB, Kovács D, Makszin L, Loránd T, Gallyas F, Radnai B. Highly Selective MIF Ketonase Inhibitor KRP-6 Diminishes M1 Macrophage Polarization and Metabolic Reprogramming. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1790. [PMID: 37891870 PMCID: PMC10604361 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage polarization is highly involved in autoimmunity. M1 polarized macrophages drive inflammation and undergo metabolic reprogramming, involving downregulation of mitochondrial energy production and acceleration of glycolysis. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), an enigmatic tautomerase (ketonase and enolase), was discovered to regulate M1 polarization. Here, we reveal that KRP-6, a potent and highly selective MIF ketonase inhibitor, reduces MIF-induced human blood eosinophil and neutrophil migration similarly to ISO-1, the most investigated tautomerase inhibitor. We equally discovered that KRP-6 prevents M1 macrophage polarization and reduces ROS production in IFN-γ-treated cells. During metabolic reprogramming, KRP-6 improved mitochondrial bioenergetics by ameliorating basal respiration, ATP production, coupling efficiency and maximal respiration in LPS+IFN-γ-treated cells. KRP-6 also reduced glycolytic flux in M1 macrophages. Moreover, the selective MIF ketonase inhibitor attenuated LPS+IFN-γ-induced downregulation of PARP-1 and PARP-2 mRNA expression. We conclude that KRP-6 represents a promising novel therapeutic compound for autoimmune diseases, which strongly involves M1 macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Vámos
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
| | - Nikoletta Kálmán
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
| | - Eva Maria Sturm
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.S.); (B.B.N.); (J.T.)
| | - Barsha Baisakhi Nayak
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.S.); (B.B.N.); (J.T.)
| | - Julia Teppan
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.S.); (B.B.N.); (J.T.)
| | - Viola Bagóné Vántus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
| | - Dominika Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
| | - Lilla Makszin
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, 7622 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Tamás Loránd
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
| | - Ferenc Gallyas
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
| | - Balázs Radnai
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
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10
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Lee Y, Kim SH, Jeong H, Kim KH, Jeon D, Cho Y, Lee D, Nam KT. Role of Nox4 in Mitigating Inflammation and Fibrosis in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:411-429. [PMID: 37207801 PMCID: PMC10372905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Fibrosis development in ulcerative colitis is associated directly with the severity of mucosal inflammation, which increases the risk of colorectal cancer. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway is an important source of tissue fibrogenesis, which is stimulated directly by reactive oxygen species produced from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NOX). Among members of the NOX family, NOX4 expression is up-regulated in patients with fibrostenotic Crohn's disease (CD) and in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine colitis. The aim of this study was to determine whether NOX4 plays a role in fibrogenesis during inflammation in the colon using a mouse model. METHODS Acute and recovery models of colonic inflammation were performed by DSS administration to newly generated Nox4-/- mice. Pathologic analysis of colon tissues was performed, including detection of immune cells, proliferation, and fibrotic and inflammatory markers. RNA sequencing was performed to detect differentially expressed genes between Nox4-/- and wild-type mice in both the untreated and DSS-treated conditions, followed by functional enrichment analysis to explore the molecular mechanisms contributing to pathologic differences during DSS-induced colitis and after recovery. RESULTS Nox4-/- mice showed increased endogenous TGF-β signaling in the colon, increased reactive oxygen species levels, intensive inflammation, and an increased fibrotic region after DSS treatment compared with wild-type mice. Bulk RNA sequencing confirmed involvement of canonical TGF-β signaling in fibrogenesis of the DSS-induced colitis model. Up-regulation of TGF-β signaling affects collagen activation and T-cell lineage commitment, increasing the susceptibility for inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Nox4 protects against injury and plays a crucial role in fibrogenesis in DSS-induced colitis through canonical TGF-β signaling regulation, highlighting a new treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yura Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haengdueng Jeong
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang H Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Donghun Jeon
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yejin Cho
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Daekee Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Taek Nam
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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11
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Wei JD, Xu X. Oxidative stress in Wernicke's encephalopathy. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1150878. [PMID: 37261263 PMCID: PMC10229051 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1150878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a severe life-threatening disease that occurs due to vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency (TD). It is characterized by acute mental disorder, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia. TD occurs because of the following reasons: insufficient intake, increased demand, and long-term drinking due to corresponding organ damage or failure. Recent studies showed that oxidative stress (OS) can damage organs and cause TD in the brain, which further leads to neurodegenerative diseases, such as WE. In this review, we discuss the effects of TD caused by OS on multiple organ systems, including the liver, intestines, and brain in WE. We believe that strengthening the human antioxidant system and reducing TD can effectively treat WE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Dong Wei
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Xueming Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
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12
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Liu S, Huang B, Cao J, Wang Y, Xiao H, Zhu Y, Zhang H. ROS fine-tunes the function and fate of immune cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110069. [PMID: 37150014 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The redox state is essential to the process of cell life, which determines cell fate. As an important signaling molecule of the redox state, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial for the homeostasis of immune cells and participate in the pathological processes of different diseases. We discuss the underlying mechanisms and possible signaling pathways of ROS to fine-tune the proliferation, differentiation, polarization and function of immune cells, including T cells, B cells, neutrophils, macrophages, myeloid-derived inhibitory cells (MDSCs) and dendritic cells (DCs). We further emphasize how excessive ROS lead to programmed immune cell death such as apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, NETosis and necroptosis, providing valuable insights for future therapeutic strategies in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China
| | - Benqi Huang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China
| | - Jingdong Cao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China
| | - Hao Xiao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China
| | - Yaxi Zhu
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
| | - Huali Zhang
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
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13
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Zhai L, Ruan S, Wang J, Guan Q, Zha L. NADPH oxidase 4 regulate the glycolytic metabolic reprogramming of microglial cells to promote M1 polarization. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23318. [PMID: 36762617 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) in the polarization of microglial cells. Microglial cells were transfected with the NOX4 overexpression plasmid (pGL3-NOX4), and later treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) to induce its M1 polarization. Later, the F4/80 + CD86 + cell proportion was detected by flow cytometry (FCM), the inflammatory factor expression levels were analyzed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA-1) and PKM2 expression were measured by immunofluorescence (IF) staining. In addition, dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate probe was utilized to detect the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, glucose uptake, and glycolysis, as well as lactic acid level. The expression of glycolytic enzymes PKM2, HK2, and citrate (Si)-synthas (CS) was detected by Western-blot (WB) assay. Moreover, the polarization level of microglial cells was detected after ROS expression was suppressed by the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC). In mouse experiments, LPS was applied in inducing central neuroinflammation in NOX4 knockdown mouse model (KO) and wild-type mice (WT). Thereafter, the inflammatory factor levels and lactic acid level in mouse tissues were detected; IBA-1 and CD86 expression in mice was measured by IF staining; and the expression of glycolytic enzymes PKM2, HK2, and CS in the central nervous system (CNS) was also detected. After NOX4 overexpression in microglial cells, the M1 polarization level was upregulated, the F4/80 + CD86 + cell proportion increased, and inflammatory factors were upregulated. At the same time, the expression of glycolytic enzymes PKM2, HK2, and CS was upregulated. NAC pretreatment suppressed the effects of NOX4, reduced the F4/80 + CD86 + cell proportion, and suppressed the expression of PKM2, HK2, and CS. In the mouse model, the expression levels of CD86 in KO group decreased, and the inflammatory factors were also downregulated. NOX4 promotes glycolysis of microglial cells via ROS, thus accelerating M1 polarization and inflammatory factor expression. In this regard, NOX4 is promising as a new target for the treatment of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Shuiliang Ruan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Qiaobing Guan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Li Zha
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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14
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Li W, Sheng Y, Wang J, Wu S, Han C. MicroRNA-9a-5p-NOX4 inhibits intestinal inflammatory injury by regulating the M1 polarization of intestinal macrophages. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23245. [PMID: 36281492 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We found that the expression of microRNA (miRNA)-9a-5p decreased in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD; ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease). Further, we revealed the effects and mechanisms of miRNA-9a-5p for regulating IBD progression. In C57BL/6N mice, IBD was induced with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and the effects of endogenous miRNA-9a-5p were mimicked/antagonized through intraperitoneal injection of miRNA-9a-5p agomir and antagomir. In animal experimentation, agomir could inhibit intestinal inflammation and tissue damage, and reduce the mucosal barrier permeability. Antagomir, on the other hand, could promote barrier damage, whose effect was associated with the M1 macrophage polarization. This study finds that miRNA-9a-5p targets NOX4 to suppress ROS production, which plays an important role in mucosal barrier damage in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yongjia Sheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Shasha Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Chenyang Han
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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15
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Lopez T, Wendremaire M, Lagarde J, Duquet O, Alibert L, Paquette B, Garrido C, Lirussi F. Wound Healing versus Metastasis: Role of Oxidative Stress. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2784. [PMID: 36359304 PMCID: PMC9687595 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Many signaling pathways, molecular and cellular actors which are critical for wound healing have been implicated in cancer metastasis. These two conditions are a complex succession of cellular biological events and accurate regulation of these events is essential. Apart from inflammation, macrophages-released ROS arise as major regulators of these processes. But, whatever the pathology concerned, oxidative stress is a complicated phenomenon to control and requires a finely tuned balance over the different stages and responding cells. This review provides an overview of the pivotal role of oxidative stress in both wound healing and metastasis, encompassing the contribution of macrophages. Indeed, macrophages are major ROS producers but also appear as their targets since ROS interfere with their differentiation and function. Elucidating ROS functions in wound healing and metastatic spread may allow the development of innovative therapeutic strategies involving redox modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Lopez
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Maeva Wendremaire
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Jimmy Lagarde
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Oriane Duquet
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Plateforme PACE, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Line Alibert
- Service de Chirurgie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Brice Paquette
- Service de Chirurgie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Centre Georges François Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Frédéric Lirussi
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Plateforme PACE, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
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16
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Bai X, Feng Z, Peng S, Zhu T, Jiao L, Mao N, Gu P, Liu Z, Yang Y, Wang D. Chitosan-modified Phellinus igniarius polysaccharide PLGA nanoparticles ameliorated inflammatory bowel disease. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 139:213002. [PMID: 35882149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In many clinical studies, prebiotics have been used as adjuvant therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Phellinus igniarius polysaccharide (PIP) possesses great anti-inflammatory and prebiotic activities. Herein, we developed an orally deliverable PIP-loaded chitosan-modified PLGA nanomedicine (CS-PIPP) to investigate its anti-inflammatory effect in vitro and in vivo. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model was established to evaluate the preventive effect of CS-PIPP on IBD. This study characterized that CS-PIPP had a size of 288.7 ± 5.49 nm, positive zeta potential, and showed good stability over four weeks. The in-vitro study suggested that CS-PIPP had enhanced phagocytosis by macrophages, which could further significantly inhibit M1-like macrophages phenotype and regulate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory cytokines. The in-vivo study revealed that CS-PIPP prominently prevented intestinal inflammatory damage and protected the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Moreover, CS-PIPP increased the contents of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and positively regulated the gut microbiota. Specifically, CS-PIPP reduced enteropathogenic microorganisms while increasing the beneficial microbiota, including Lactobacillus and Akkermansia, which revealed the potential of CS-PIPP as prebiotics. Generally, CS-PIPP promoted the anti-inflammatory effect of PIP, so it could be regarded as a novel and potent nanoformulation to treat IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Bai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zian Feng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Song Peng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Lina Jiao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Ningning Mao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Pengfei Gu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhenguang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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17
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Effects of CB2 Receptor Modulation on Macrophage Polarization in Pediatric Celiac Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040874. [PMID: 35453624 PMCID: PMC9029516 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac Disease (CD) represents an autoimmune disorder triggered by the exposure to gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. Recent studies suggest the involvement of macrophages in CD pathogenesis. Macrophages are immune cells, present as pro-inflammatory classically activated macrophages (M1) or as anti-inflammatory alternatively activated macrophages (M2). The Cannabinoid Receptor 2 (CB2) has important anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties. We previously demonstrated that a common CB2 functional variant, Q63R, causing CB2 reduced function, is associated with several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases The first aim of this study was to investigate the phenotype of macrophages isolated from peripheral blood of CD patients and CB2 expression. The second aim was to evaluate the effects of CB2 pharmacological modulation on CD macrophage polarization. Moreover, by an in vitro model of “immunocompetent gut” we investigated the role of CD macrophages in inducing intestinal barrier damage and the possibility to restore its functionality modulating their polarization. We found an increased expression of M1 macrophages and a CB2 reduced expression. We also demonstrated CD M1 macrophages in inducing the typical mucosal barrier damage of CD. CB2 stimulation switches macrophage polarization towards the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype thus reducing inflammation but also limiting the epithelial dysfunction. Therefore, we suggest CB2 receptor as a possible novel therapeutic target for CD by regulating macrophages polarization and by preventing mucosal barrier damage.
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