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Dai F, Hu C, Li X, Zhang Z, Wang H, Zhou W, Wang J, Geng Q, Dong Y, Tang C. Cav3.2 channel regulates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury: a promising target for intervention. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2480-2487. [PMID: 38526284 PMCID: PMC11090426 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202419110-00028/figure1/v/2024-03-08T184507Z/r/image-tiff Calcium influx into neurons triggers neuronal death during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Various calcium channels are involved in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cav3.2 channel is a main subtype of T-type calcium channels. T-type calcium channel blockers, such as pimozide and mibefradil, have been shown to prevent cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced brain injury. However, the role of Cav3.2 channels in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury remains unclear. Here, in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury were established using middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice and high glucose hypoxia/reoxygenation exposure in primary hippocampal neurons. The results showed that Cav3.2 expression was significantly upregulated in injured hippocampal tissue and primary hippocampal neurons. We further established a Cav3.2 gene-knockout mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cav3.2 knockout markedly reduced infarct volume and brain water content, and alleviated neurological dysfunction after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Additionally, Cav3.2 knockout attenuated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and neuronal apoptosis. In the hippocampus of Cav3.2-knockout mice, calcineurin overexpression offset the beneficial effect of Cav3.2 knockout after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. These findings suggest that the neuroprotective function of Cav3.2 knockout is mediated by calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 signaling. Findings from this study suggest that Cav3.2 could be a promising target for treatment of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feibiao Dai
- Graduate School, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Core Facility Center for Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chengyun Hu
- Graduate School, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Core Facility Center for Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xue Li
- Graduate School, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Core Facility Center for Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhetao Zhang
- Core Facility Center for Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Core Facility Center for Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wanjun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Core Facility Center for Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiawu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Core Facility Center for Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qingtian Geng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Core Facility Center for Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yongfei Dong
- Core Facility Center for Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chaoliang Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Core Facility Center for Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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Zhou L, Tan F, Zhang X, Li Y, Yin W. Neuroprotection and mechanisms of ginsenosides in nervous system diseases: Progress and perspectives. IUBMB Life 2024; 76:862-882. [PMID: 38822647 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Ginsenosides are the primary component discernible from ginseng, including Rb1, Rb2, Rd, Rg1, Rg2, and compound K, and so forth. They have been shown to have multiple pharmacological activities. In recent years, more and more studies have been devoted to the neuroprotection of various ginsenosides against neurological diseases and their potential mechanisms. This paper comprehensively summarizes and reviews the neuroprotective effects of various ginsenosides on neurological diseases, especially acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases, and their mechanisms, as well as their potential therapeutic applications to promote neuroprotection in disease prevention, treatment, and prognosis. Briefly, ginsenosides exert effective neuroprotective effects on neurological conditions, including stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and brain/spinal cord injuries through a variety of molecular mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic. Among them, some signaling pathways play important roles in related processes, such as PI3K/Akt, TLR4/NF-κB, ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3, HO-1/Nrf2, Wnt/β-catenin, and Ca2+ pathway. In conclusion, the present study reviews the research progress on the neuroprotective effects of ginsenosides in the last decade, with the aim of furnishing essential theoretical underpinning and effective references for further research and exploration of the multiple medicinal values of Chinese herbal medicines and their small molecule compounds, including ginseng and panax ginseng. Because there is less evidence in the existing clinical studies, future research should be focused on clinical trials in order to truly reflect the clinical value of various ginsenosides for the benefit of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Feilong Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenjie Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Ma H, Zhu L. Exploring the role of traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation in stroke based on microRNA-mediated pyroptosis: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39685. [PMID: 39312329 PMCID: PMC11419531 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke, also known as "cerebrovascular accident," is a disease caused by acute impairment of brain circulation, which has a high rate of disability and mortality. Ischemic stroke (IS) is the most common type of stroke and a major cause of death and disability worldwide. At present, there are still many limitations in the treatment of IS, so it may be urgent to explore more treatments for IS. In recent years, the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation methods such as traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture, massage, traditional exercises and modern rehabilitation technology has achieved good results in the treatment of IS. Concurrently, studies have identified microRNA (miRNA), which are intimately associated with traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation, as regulators of pyroptosis through their influence on microglia activity, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, angiogenesis and other factors, but at present, the mechanism of this direction has not been systematically summarized. Consequently, this article delineates in detail the specific role of miRNA in IS and the related activation pathways of pyroptosis in IS. This article presents a detailed discussion of the role of microRNA-mediated pyroptosis in IS, with a particular focus on the signaling pathways involved. The aim is to provide new insights for the research of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) rehabilitation in the prevention and treatment of IS. In addition, the article explores the potential of TCM rehabilitation in regulating miRNA-mediated pyroptosis to intervene in IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Ma
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Luwen Zhu
- Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Xu L, Mi Y, Meng Q, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Chen G, Liu Y, Hou Y. A quinolinyl resveratrol derivative alleviates acute ischemic stroke injury by promoting mitophagy for neuroprotection via targeting CK2α'. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112524. [PMID: 38909494 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a serious threat to human health. The naturally derived small molecule (E)-5-(2-(quinolin-4-yl) ethenyl) benzene-1,3-diol (RV01) is a quinolinyl analog of resveratrol with great potential in the treatment of IS. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential mechanisms and targets for the protective effect of the RV01 on IS. The mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) and oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) models were employed to evaluate the effects of RV01 on ischemic injury and neuroprotection. RV01 was found to significantly increase the survival of SH-SY5Y cells and prevent OGD/R-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, RV01 reduced oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage by promoting mitophagy in OGD/R-exposed SH-SY5Y cells. Knockdown of CK2α' abolished the RV01-mediated promotion on mitophagy and alleviation on mitochondrial damage as well as neuronal injury after OGD/R. These results were further confirmed by molecular docking, drug affinity responsive target stability and cellular thermal shift assay analysis. Importantly, in vivo study showed that treatment with the CK2α' inhibitor CX-4945 abolished the RV01-mediated alleviation of cerebral infarct volume, brain edema, cerebral blood flow and neurological deficit in MCAO/R mice. These data suggest that RV01 effectively reduces damage caused by acute ischemic stroke by promoting mitophagy through its interaction with CK2α'. These findings offer valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms through which RV01 exerts its therapeutic effects on IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Mi
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingqi Meng
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yeshu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yueyang Liu
- Shenyang Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Science and Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yue Hou
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.
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Liu X, Ren X, Li R, Deng Q, Li X, He Y, Yao J, Zhang F, Liu W, Sun M, Li M, Ma J, Zheng Y, She G. Integrated pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling and metabolomic research on polyphenol-rich fraction of Thymus quinquecostatus Celak. Alleviating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118229. [PMID: 38670403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thymus quinquecostatus Celak., a member of thymus genus in Lamiaceae family, has been used as a folk medicine for relieving exterior syndrome and alleviating pain in China. The polyphenol-rich fraction (PRF) derived from Thymus quinquecostatus Celak. had been validated that it can protect cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) by activating Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. AIM OF THIS STUDY To explore effective components and their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics as well as possible mechanisms of PRF in treating CIRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Normal treated group (NTG) and tMCAO model treated group (MTG) rats were administrated PRF intragastrically. The prototype components and metabolites of PRF in plasma and brain were analyzed by the UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MSn method. Subsequently, the pharmacokinetics properties of indicative components were performed based on HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. SOD and LDH activities were determined to study the pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of PRF. The PK-PD relationship of PRF was constructed. In addition, the effect of PRF on endogenous metabolites in plasma and brain was investigated using metabolomic method. RESULTS Salvianic acid A, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, scutellarin, and apigenin-7-O-glucuronide were selected as indicative components based on metabolic analysis. The non-compartmental parameters were calculated for indicative components in plasma and brain of NTG and MTG rats. Furthermore, single-component and multi-component PK-PD modeling involved Emax, Imax PD models for effect indexes were fitted as well as ANN models were established, which indicated that these components can work together to regulate SOD and LDH activities in plasma and SOD activity in brain tissue to improve CIRI. Additionally, PRF may ameliorate CIRI by regulating the disorder of endogenous metabolites in lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and purine metabolism pathways in vivo, among which lipid metabolism and purine metabolism are closely related to oxidative stress. CONCLUSION The PK-PD properties of effect substances and mechanisms of PRF anti-CIRI were further elaborated. The findings provide a convincing foundation for the application of T. quinquecostatus Celak. in the maintenance of human health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Xueyang Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Ruiwen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Qingyue Deng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Xianxian Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Yingyu He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Jianling Yao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Mengyu Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Mingxia Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Jiamu Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Yuan Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
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Wang HP, Lin ZZ, Yin Q, Du J. Screening of GLP-1r agonists from natural products using affinity ultrafiltration screening coupled with UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS technology: a case study of Panax ginseng. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39037429 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2378821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
In our study, a method based on affinity ultrafiltration screening coupled with UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS technology was established to select Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists from natural products, and as an example, the GLP-1R agonists from Panax ginseng was selected using our established method. As a result, total five GLP-1R agonists were selected from Panax ginseng for the first time. Our results indicated that activating GLP-1R to promote insulin secretion probably was another important hypoglycemia mechanism for ginsenosides in Panax ginseng, which had great influence on the study of the anti-diabetes effect of ginsenosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ping Wang
- Scientific Research Institute of Beijing Tongrentang Co., Ltd, Beijing 100011, China
| | - Zhao-Zhou Lin
- Beijing Zhongyan Tongrentang Pharmaceutical R & D Co., Ltd., National Engineering Research Center for R&D of TCM Multi-ingredient Drugs, Beijing 100079, China
| | - Qiong Yin
- Scientific Research Institute of Beijing Tongrentang Co., Ltd, Beijing 100011, China
| | - Jing Du
- Beijing Tongrentang Group, Beijing 100000, China
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Zhong G, Chen J, Li Y, Han Y, Wang M, Nie Q, Xu M, Zhu Q, Chang X, Wang L. Ginsenoside Rg3 attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced ferroptosis via the keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:247. [PMID: 38926825 PMCID: PMC11209975 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ginsenoside Rg3 is a component of ginseng that protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Ferroptosis is a new form of cell death characterized by oxidative damage to phospholipids. The purpose of this study was to examine the role and of ginsenoside Rg3 in MI/R and the mechanism. METHODS A mouse model of left anterior descending (LAD) ligation-induced myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) were used as in vitro and in vivo models, respectively. Echocardiographic analysis, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining were used to assess the cardioprotective effects of ginsenoside Rg3. Western blotting, biochemical analysis, small interfering RNA analysis and molecular docking were performed to examine the underlying mechanism. RESULTS Ginsenoside Rg3 improved cardiac function and infarct size in mice with MI/R injury. Moreover, ginsenoside Rg3 increased the expression of the ferroptosis-related protein GPX4 and inhibited iron deposition in mice with MI/R injury. Ginsenoside Rg3 also activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Ginsenoside Rg3 attenuated myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced ferroptosis via the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Notably, ginsenoside Rg3 regulated the keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway to attenuate OGD/R-induced ferroptosis in H9C2 cells. Taken together, ginsenoside Rg3 attenuated myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced ferroptosis via the keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that ginsenoside Rg3 ameliorate MI/R-induced ferroptosis via the keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- GuoFu Zhong
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Department of intensive care unit, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Junteng Chen
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Department of intensive care unit, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yangtao Li
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Department of intensive care unit, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yue Han
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Department of intensive care unit, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Maosheng Wang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Department of intensive care unit, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Qinqi Nie
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Department of intensive care unit, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Mujuan Xu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Department of intensive care unit, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Qinghua Zhu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Department of intensive care unit, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xiao Chang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
- Department of intensive care unit, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Ling Wang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
- Department of intensive care unit, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
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Hu S, Fei Y, Jin C, Yao J, Ding H, Wang J, Liu C. Ginsenoside Rd enhances blood-brain barrier integrity after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion by alleviating endothelial cells ferroptosis via activation of NRG1/ErbB4-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Neuropharmacology 2024; 251:109929. [PMID: 38521230 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of ischemic stroke is increasing year by year and showing a younger trend. Impaired blood-brain barrier (BBB) is one of the pathological manifestations caused by cerebral ischemia, leading to poor prognosis of patients. Accumulating evidence indicates that ferroptosis is involved in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI). We have previously demonstrated that Ginsenoside Rd (G-Rd) protects against CIRI-induced neuronal injury. However, whether G-Rd can attenuate CIRI-induced disruption of the BBB remains unclear. In this study, we found that G-Rd could upregulate the levels of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5 in ipsilateral cerebral microvessels and bEnd.3 cells, reduce endothelial cells (ECs) loss and Evans blue (EB) leakage, and ultimately improve BBB integrity after CIRI. Interestingly, the expressions of ACSL4 and COX2 were upregulated, the expressions of GPX4 and xCT were downregulated, the levels of GSH was decreased, and the levels of MDA and Fe2+ were increased in ischemic tissues and bEnd.3 cells after CIRI, suggesting that ECs ferroptosis occurred after CIRI. However, G-Rd can alleviate CIRI-induced BBB disruption by inhibiting ECs ferroptosis. Mechanistically, G-Rd prevented tight junction loss and BBB leakage by upregulating NRG1, activating its tyrosine kinase ErbB4 receptor, and then activating downstream PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, thereby inhibiting CIRI-induced ferroptosis in ECs. Taken together, these data provides data support for G-Rd as a promising therapeutic drug for cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, PR China
| | - Yuxiang Fei
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, PR China; School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Chenchen Jin
- School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Jun Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, PR China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi, 830017, PR China
| | - Haiyan Ding
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, PR China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi, 830017, PR China.
| | - Jianing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, PR China.
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, PR China; School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
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9
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Xu L, Mi Y, Meng Q, Liu Y, Wang F, Zhang G, Liu Y, Chen G, Hou Y. Anti-inflammatory effects of quinolinyl analog of resveratrol targeting TLR4 in MCAO/R ischemic stroke rat model. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155344. [PMID: 38493721 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among adults, stroke is the main causes of mortality and permanent disability. Neuroinflammation is one of the main causes of stoke-mediated neuronal death. Our previous study revealed that (E)-5-(2-(Quinolin-4-yl) vinyl) benzene-1, 3-diol (RV01), a quinolinyl analog of resveratrol, inhibits microglia-induced neuroinflammation and safeguards neurons from inflammatory harm. The preventive role of RV01 in ischemic stroke and its underlying cellular mechanisms and molecular targets remain poorly understood. PURPOSE To investigate whether RV01 alleviates ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by inhibiting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and determine the potential molecular mechanisms and targets by which RV01 inhibits the I/R-mediated microglia activation. METHODS Rat middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) and BV-2 or primary microglial cells oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) models were established. The neurological behavior scores, 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining and immunofluorescence were used to detect the neuroprotective effect of RV01 in the MCAO/R rats. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β were detected to reveal the antineuroinflammatory effect of RV01. Moreover, a western blot assay was performed to explore the protein expression changes in NF-κB-mediated neuroinflammation. Finally, we identified TLR4 as an RV01 target through molecular docking, drug sensitivity target stability analysis, cellular thermal shift analysis, and surface plasmon resonance techniques. RESULTS RV01 reduced the infarct volume and neurological deficits, increased the rotarod duration, and decreased the number of rightward deflections in the MCAO/R rats. RV01 inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo, as demonstrated by the reduction in the transcription factor p65-mediated expression of several inflammatory factors including IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Further studies showed that its protective effect was associated with targeting the TLR4 protein. Notably, the anti-inflammatory effect of RV01 was markedly reinforced by the TLR4 knockdown, but inhibited by the overexpression of TLR4. Results revealed that the conditioned medium derived from the RV01-treated BV-2 cells significantly decreased the OGD/R-mediated neuronal damage. CONCLUSION Our results are the first to reveal the protective effects of RV01 on cerebral ischemia, depending on its inhibitory effect on the NF-κB pathway by targeting TLR4. RV01 could be a potential protective agent in ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Mi
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingqi Meng
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yeshu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guijie Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yueyang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Science and Research Center, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China.
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yue Hou
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.
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10
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Hamada Y, Takata T, Iwama H, Kawakita R, Nonaka W, Deguchi K, Kobara H, Morishita A, Miyamoto O, Nakamura T, Itano T, Masaki T. Temporal expression profiles of microRNAs associated with acute phase of brain ischemia in gerbil hippocampus. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28875. [PMID: 38576576 PMCID: PMC10990972 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroprotective therapeutic potential for restoring dysregulated microRNA (miRNA) expression has previously been demonstrated in a gerbil cerebral infarction model. However, since temporal changes in miRNA expression profiles following stroke onset are unknown, miRNAs proving to be useful therapeutic targets have yet to be identified. We evaluated cognitive function, hippocampal neuronal cell death, and microarray-based miRNA expression profiles at 5, 9, 18, 36, and 72 h after 5-min whole brain ischemia in gerbils. A decline in cognitive function occurred in parallel with increased neuronal cell death 36-72 h after ischemia. The Jonckheere-Terpstra test was used to analyze miRNA expression trends 5-72 h after ischemia. The expression levels of 63 miRNAs were significantly upregulated, whereas 32 miRNAs were significantly downregulated, monotonically. Of the 32 monotonically downregulated miRNAs, 18 showed the largest decrease in expression 5-9 h after ischemia. A subset of these dysregulated miRNAs (miR-378a-5p, miR-204-5p, miR-34c-5p, miR-211-5p, miR-34b-3p, and miR-199b-3p) could be associated with brain ischemia and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Hamada
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Tadayuki Takata
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Iwama
- Life Science Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Rie Kawakita
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Wakako Nonaka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kazushi Deguchi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Hideki Kobara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Osamu Miyamoto
- Department of Medical Engineering, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0193, Japan
| | - Takehiro Nakamura
- Department of Physiology 2, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Itano
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
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11
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Luo J, Luo Y, Chen J, Gao Y, Tan J, Yang Y, Yang C, Jiang N, Luo Y. Intestinal metabolite UroB alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by promoting competition between TRIM65 and TXNIP for binding to NLRP3 inflammasome in response to neuroinflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167056. [PMID: 38360072 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Our previous research suggests that targeting NLRP3 inflammasomes holds promise for mitigating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The gut metabolite Urolithin B (UroB) has been shown to inhibit the neuroinflammation. However, the specific role of UroB in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and its potential impact on NLRP3 inflammasome remain unclear. In this study, acute stroke was simulated using the MCAO model in male Sprague-Dawley rats. UroB was intraperitoneally administered after 1 h of reperfusion. The effects of UroB on brain tissue were evaluated, including infarct volume, brain edema, and neurobehavioral changes. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were performed to investigate the effect of UroB on inflammation-related proteins. Furthermore, TRIM65 knockdown and TXNIP overexpression experiments elucidated the role of UroB in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The ( demonstrate the neuroprotective effect of UroB in acute stroke, reducing brain tissue damage and improving motor function. Mechanistically, UroB modulated neuroinflammation by influencing TXNIP and TRIM65 protein expression, as well as competitive binding to the NLRP3 inflammasome, attenuating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. In conclusion, the potential of UroB as a protective agent against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in acute stroke stands out as it regulates TRIM65 and TXNIP competitive binding to the NLRP3 inflammasome. These findings suggest that UroB is a promising drug candidate for the treatment of acute stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujia Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jialei Chen
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junyi Tan
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongkang Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changhong Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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12
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Khassafi N, Azami Tameh A, Mirzaei H, Rafat A, Barati S, Khassafi N, Vahidinia Z. Crosstalk between Nrf2 signaling pathway and inflammation in ischemic stroke: Mechanisms of action and therapeutic implications. Exp Neurol 2024; 373:114655. [PMID: 38110142 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
One of the major causes of long-term disability and mortality is ischemic stroke that enjoys limited treatment approaches. On the one hand, oxidative stress, induced by excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays a critical role in post-stroke inflammatory response. Increased ROS generation is one of the basic factors in the progression of stroke-induced neuroinflammation. Moreover, intravenous (IV) thrombolysis using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) as the only medication approved for patients with acute ischemic stroke who suffer from some clinical restrictions it could not cover the complicated episodes that happen after stroke. Thus, identifying novel therapeutic targets is crucial for successful preparation of new medicines. Recent evidence indicates that the transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) contributes significantly to regulating the antioxidant production in cytosol, which causes antiinflammatory effects on neurons. New findings have shown a relationship between activation of the Nrf2 and glial cells, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, the nucleotide-binding domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signaling, and expression of inflammatory markers, suggesting induction of Nrf2 activation can represent a promising therapeutic alternative as the modulators of Nrf2 dependent pathways for targeting inflammatory responses in neural tissue. Hence, this review addresses the relationship of Nrf2 signaling with inflammation and Nrf2 activators' potential as therapeutic agents. This review helps to improve required knowledge for focused therapy and the creation of modern and improved treatment choices for patients with ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Khassafi
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Azami Tameh
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ali Rafat
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Shirin Barati
- Department of Anatomy, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Negin Khassafi
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zeinab Vahidinia
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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13
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You G, Zheng L, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Guo W, Liu H, Tatiana P, Vladimir K, Zan J. Tangeretin Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Neuronal Pyroptosis by Inhibiting AIM2 Inflammasome Activation via Regulating NRF2. Inflammation 2024; 47:145-158. [PMID: 37725272 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01900-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is closely involved in the pathopoiesis of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury which seriously dangers human's life. Studies report that tangeretin (TANG), which is enriched in the peel of Citrus reticulata, has neuroprotective effects. Here, we explored whether absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis is involved in the cerebral I/R injury and the protective mechanism of TANG against cerebral I/R injury. In this study, we found that TANG treatment effectively alleviated I/R-induced brain injury and inhibited neuronal pyroptosis in an in vivo mice model with middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) injury and in an in vitro hippocampal HT22 cell model with oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury. Furthermore, we found TANG inhibited cerebral I/R-induced neuronal AIM2 inflammasome activation in vivo and in vitro via regulating nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2). Moreover, administration of ML385, a chemical inhibitor of NRF2, notably blocked the neuroprotective effects of TANG against cerebral I/R injury. In conclusion, TANG attenuates cerebral I/R-induced neuronal pyroptosis by inhibiting AIM2 inflammasome activation via regulating NRF2. These findings indicate TANG is a potential therapeutic agent for cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxing You
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Linbo Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510130, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yupeng Wang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenjie Guo
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Philipovich Tatiana
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, 220072, Republic of Belarus
| | - Kulchitsky Vladimir
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, 220072, Republic of Belarus
| | - Jie Zan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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14
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Feng Q, Ling L, Yuan H, Guo Z, Ma J. Ginsenoside Rd: A promising target for ischemia-reperfusion injury therapy (A mini review). Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116111. [PMID: 38181712 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) represents a prevalent pathological phenomenon. Traditional treatment approaches primarily aim at restoring blood supply to ischemic organs, disregarding the consequent damage caused by IRI. Belonging to the class of protopanaxadiol ginsenosides that are found in Panax ginseng, ginsenoside Rd (GSRd) demonstrates notable safety alongside a diverse range of biological functions. Its active components exhibit diverse pharmacological effects, encompassing anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, neuroprotective, cardiovascular-protective, and immune-regulatory properties, making it a promising candidate for addressing multiple medical conditions. GSRd shields against I/R injury by employing crucial cellular mechanisms, including the attenuation of oxidative stress, reduction of inflammation, promotion of cell survival signaling pathways, and inhibition of apoptotic pathways. Additionally, GSRd regulates mitochondrial function, maintains calcium homeostasis, and modulates the expression of genes involved in I/R injury. This review seeks to consolidate the pharmacological mechanism of action of GSRd within the context of IRI. Our objective is to contribute to the advancement of GSRd-related pharmaceuticals and provide novel insights for clinicians involved in developing IRI treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiupeng Feng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 Qianjin East Road, Kunshan 215300, China
| | - Lijing Ling
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 Qianjin East Road, Kunshan 215300, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 Qianjin East Road, Kunshan 215300, China
| | - Zhiqiang Guo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 Qianjin East Road, Kunshan 215300, China
| | - Jin Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 Qianjin East Road, Kunshan 215300, China.
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15
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Fan G, Liu M, Liu J, Huang Y, Mu W. Traditional Chinese medicines treat ischemic stroke and their main bioactive constituents and mechanisms. Phytother Res 2024; 38:411-453. [PMID: 38051175 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) remains one of the leading causes of death and disability in humans. Unfortunately, none of the treatments effectively provide functional benefits to patients with IS, although many do so by targeting different aspects of the ischemic cascade response. The advantages of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in preventing and treating IS are obvious in terms of early treatment and global coordination. The efficacy of TCM and its bioactive constituents has been scientifically proven over the past decades. Based on clinical trials, this article provides a review of commonly used TCM patent medicines and herbal decoctions indicated for IS. In addition, this paper also reviews the mechanisms of bioactive constituents in TCM for the treatment of IS in recent years, both domestically and internationally. A comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical studies will hopefully provide new ideas to address the threat of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genhao Fan
- Tianjin University of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Menglin Liu
- Tianjin University of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Mu
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Wei X, Zhang T, Ma C, Zhang M, Jin L, Ma X, Zhang Z. TRIM27 ameliorates ischemic stroke by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis via the Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Exp Neurol 2024; 371:114599. [PMID: 37914066 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Tripartite motif-containing 27 (TRIM27) is a member of TRIM family that exerts a protective effect against cardiac and hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury; however, little is known about its role in ischemic stroke. In our experiment, mice were intracerebroventricular injected with recombinant lentiviruses carrying TRIM27 or empty vector, and then they were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) 2 weeks after the injection. Mouse microglial BV-2 cells were infected with lentiviruses carrying TRIM27 or empty vector before exposure to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). TRIM27's role was assessed in vivo and in vitro. TRIM27 overexpression reduced infarct size, improved neurological function, inhibited activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and activated the Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in mice subjected to MCAO/R. Furthermore, TRIM27 overexpression suppressed activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and activated this signaling pathway in OGD/R-exposed microglial cells. GSK690693 or ML385 treatment partially reversed the effect of TRIM27 overexpression in vitro. These findings indicate that TRIM27 overexpression ameliorates ischemic stroke by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome and Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. This study provides a novel target for treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinya Wei
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chi Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Minxue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liwei Jin
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Zhuobo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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17
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Chien JY, Ciou JW, Yen Y, Huang SP. Protective effects of compound M01 on retinal ganglion cells in experimental anterior ischemic optic neuropathy by inhibiting TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115861. [PMID: 37972470 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is a common pathologic feature in different types of optic neuropathy, including ischemic optic neuropathy and glaucoma, ultimately leading to irreversible visual function loss. Potent and effective protection against RGC death is determinative in developing a successful treatment for these optic neuropathies. This study evaluated the neuroprotective effect of a HECT domain-E3 ubiquitin ligase inhibitor, M01, on retinal ganglion cells after ischemic injury. Experimental anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) was induced by photothrombotic occlusion of microvessels supplying optic nerve in rats. M01 was administered (100 mg/Kg and 200 mg/Kg) subcutaneously for three consecutive days after AION induction. Administration of M01 (100 mg/Kg) significantly increased RGC survival and preserved visual function after AION induction. The number of TUNEL-positive cells and ED1-positive cells was significantly decreased, and optic disc edema was reduced considerably after ischemic infarction with M01 treatment. Moreover, M01 effectively ameliorated optic nerve demyelination and enhanced M2 microglial polarization after AION induction. M01 enhanced the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2); subsequently, downregulated Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) expression, inhibited NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) activation, and further decreased inflammatory factors, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the retina after ischemic injury. These findings suggested that M01 has therapeutic potential by modulating Nrf2 and TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome pathways in the retina and optic nerve ischemic damage-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ying Chien
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Wei Ciou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yun Yen
- The Translational Research Program of Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; College of Medical Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Ping Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Qu Y, Liu Y, Zhang H. ALDH2 activation attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced cell apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and autophagy. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:3203-3216. [PMID: 37103763 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03190-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is previously reported that aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member (ALDH2) shows neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, whether the protective effects are through mediating the programmed cell death is yet to be fully elucidated. METHODS In vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was established in HT22 cells and mouse cortical neurons. Subsequently, ALDH2 expression were assessed by qRT-PCR and western blot. The methylation status was examined by methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR). Then, ALDH2 expression was promoted and suppressed to explore the role of ALDH2 in OGD/R-treated cells. CCK-8 assay was applied to detect cell viability, and flow cytometry was applied to evaluate cell apoptosis. Western blot was applied to detect the apoptosis-related proteins (Caspase 3, Bcl-2 and Bax), necroptosis-related proteins (RIP3 and MLKL), pyroptosis-related proteins (NLRP3 and GSDMD), ferroptosis-related protein (ACSL4 and GPX4), and autophagy-related proteins (LC3B, and p62). IL-1β and IL-18 production was evaluated by ELISA assay. Reactive oxygen species production and Fe2+ content were evaluated by the corresponding detection kit. RESULTS In OGD/R-treated cells, ALDH2 expression was decreased, which was due to the hypermethylation of ALDH2 in the promoter region. ALDH2 overexpression improved cell viability and ALDH2 knockdown suppressed cell viability in OGD/R-treated cells. We also found that ALDH2 overexpression attenuated OGD/R-induced cell apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and autophagy, while ALDH2 knockdown facilitated the OGD/R-induced cell apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and autophagy. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results implied that ALDH2 attenuated OGD/R-induced cell apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and autophagy to promote cell viability in HT22 cells and mouse cortical neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Qu
- Department of Emergency, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Emergency, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Huilong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, No. 20 Yudong Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China.
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Du X, Amin N, Xu L, Botchway BOA, Zhang B, Fang M. Pharmacological intervention of curcumin via the NLRP3 inflammasome in ischemic stroke. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1249644. [PMID: 37915409 PMCID: PMC10616488 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1249644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic-induced neuronal injury arises due to low oxygen/nutrient levels and an inflammatory response that exacerbates neuronal loss. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) is an important regulator of inflammation after ischemic stroke, with its inhibition being involved in nerve regeneration. Curcumin, a main active ingredient in Chinese herbs, plays a positive role in neuronal repair and neuroprotection by regulating the NLRP3 signaling pathway. Nevertheless, the signaling mechanisms relating to how curcumin regulates NLRP3 inflammasome in inflammation and neural restoration following ischemic stroke are unknown. In this report, we summarize the main biological functions of the NLRP3 inflammasome along with the neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of curcumin via impairment of the NLRP3 pathway in ischemic brain injury. We also discuss the role of medicinal interventions that target the NLRP3 and potential pathways, as well as possible directions for curcumin therapy to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and hinder inflammation in ischemic stroke. This report conclusively demonstrates that curcumin has neuroprotective properties that inhibit inflammation and prevent nerve cell loss, thereby delaying the progression of ischemic brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Du
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nashwa Amin
- Institute of System Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Linhao Xu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Benson O. A. Botchway
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Centre for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Pharmacy Department, Bupa Cromwell Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Centre for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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Cheng C, Zhang J, Liu K, Xu Y, Shen F, Han Y, Hou Y, Zhang T, Bai G. Ginsenoside CK targeting KEAP1-DGR/Kelch domain disrupts the binding between KEAP1 and NRF2-DLG motif to ameliorate oxidative stress damage. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:154992. [PMID: 37499433 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng as traditional Chinese medicines, are widely used in the treatment of qi deficiency, viral or bacterial infection, inflammation and cancer. Ginsenoside CK, an active metabolite of protopanoxadiol among the ginseng saponins, has been shown in previous studies to improve the organism's oxidative balance by regulating the KEAP1-NRF2/ARE pathway, thus slowing the progression of diseases. However, the specific targets and mechanisms of CK in improving oxidative stress remain unclear. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the potential therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms of CK in improving oxidative stress injury both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS LPS was used to induce oxidative damage in RAW 264.7 cells to evaluate the regulatory effects of CK on the KEAP1-NRF2/ARE pathway. Drug affinity responsive target stability technology (DARTS) combined with proteomics was employed to identify CK's potential target proteins. CK functional probe were designed to analyze the target protein using click chemistry. Furthermore, small molecule and protein interaction technologies were used to verify the mechanism, and computer dynamic simulation technology was used to analyze the interaction sites between CK and the target protein. The pharmacological effects and mechanism of CK in improving oxidative damage were verified in vivo by LPS-induced acute injury in mice and physical mechanical injury in rat soft tissues. RESULTS KEAP1 was identified as the target protein that CK regulates to improve oxidative damage through the KEAP1-NRF2/ARE pathway. CK competitively binds to the DGR/Kelch domain of KEAP1, disrupting the binding between DLG peptide in NRF2 and KEAP1, thereby inhibiting the occurrence of oxidative damage induced by LPS or physical mechanical stress. CONCLUSIONS CK functions as a natural KEAP1-NRF2 inhibitor, disrupting the binding between KEAP1 and NRF2-DLG motifs by targeting the DGR/Kelch domain of KEAP1, activating the antioxidant transcriptional program of NRF2, and reducing oxidative stress damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Jinling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Kaixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Yanyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Fukui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Yanqi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality markers of Traditional Chinese medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China.
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality markers of Traditional Chinese medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China.
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China.
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Liu J, Chen J, Zhang J, Fan Y, Zhao S, Wang B, Wang P. Mechanism of Resveratrol Improving Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Microglial Function Through microRNA-450b-5p/KEAP1/Nrf2 Pathway. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1498-1507. [PMID: 36656498 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00646-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the M1/M2 polarization phenotype significantly affect disease progression. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory protective effects of resveratrol (Res) have been demonstrated. This paper tested the hypothesis that Res could protect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI) by modulating microglial polarization via the miR-450b-5p/KEAP1/Nrf2 pathway. Rats were first treated with Res and adenovirus that interfered with miR-450b-5p or KEAP1, and then established a middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion model using modified nylon sutures. Rats were then evaluated for neurological and behavioral functions, and markers of M2 microglia were detected by immunofluorescence staining. Additionally, the signature patterns of miR-450b-5p, KEAP1, and Nrf2 were determined. The collected data demonstrated that Res exerted neuroprotective effects in CI/RI by promoting microglial M2 polarization. Additionally, Res could regulate the Nrf2 pathway by targeting KEAP1 by up-regulating miR-450b-5p. Up-regulating miR-450b-5p or down-regulating KEAP1 could further promote the protective effect of Res, while down-regulating miR-450b-5p or up-regulating KEAP1 worked oppositely. Our study demonstrates that Res exerts neuroprotective effects on microglial M2 polarization through the miR-450b-5p/KEAP1/Nrf2 pathway during CI/RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaHui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - JinYu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - JinFeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - ShiJun Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - BaoJun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Po Wang
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
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Bai W, Huo S, Zhou G, Li J, Yang Y, Shao J. Biliverdin modulates the Nrf2/A20/eEF1A2 axis to alleviate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting pyroptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115057. [PMID: 37399716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine whether Biliverdin, which is a common metabolite of haem, can alleviate cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) by inhibiting pyroptosis. Here, CIRI was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion (MCAO/R) in C57BL/6 J mice and modelled by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in HT22 cells, it was treated with or without Biliverdin. The spatiotemporal expression of GSDMD-N and infarction volumes were assessed by immunofluorescence staining and triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC), respectively. The NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway, which is central to the pyroptosis process, as well as the expression of Nrf2, A20, and eEF1A2 were determined by Western-blots. Nrf2, A20, and eEF1A2 interactions were verified using dual-luciferase reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, or co-immunoprecipitation. Additionally, the role of Nrf2/A20/eEF1A2 axis in modulating the neuroprotective properties of Biliverdin was investigated using A20 or eEF1A2 gene interference (overexpression and/or silencing). 40 mg/kg of Biliverdin could significantly alleviate CIRI both in vivo and in vitro, promoted the activation of Nrf2, elevated A20 expression, but decreased eEF1A2 expression. Nrf2 can bind to the promoter of A20, thereby transcriptionally regulating the expression of A20. A20 can furthermore interacted with eEF1A2 through its ZnF4 domain to ubiquitinate and degrade it, leading to the downregulation of eEF1A2. Our studies have also demonstrated that either the knock-down of A20 or over-expression of eEF1A2 blunted the protective effect of Biliverdin. Rescue experiments further confirmed that Biliverdin could regulate the NF-κB pathway via the Nrf2/A20/eEF1A2 axis. In summary, our study demonstrates that Biliverdin ameliorates CIRI by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway via the Nrf2/A20/eEF1A2 axis. Our findings can help identify novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of CIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032 Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Siying Huo
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032 Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Guilin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032 Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032 Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032 Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jianlin Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032 Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
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Zheng T, Jiang T, Huang Z, Ma H, Wang M. Role of traditional Chinese medicine monomers in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury:a review of the mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1220862. [PMID: 37654609 PMCID: PMC10467294 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1220862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pathological process wherein reperfusion of an ischemic organ or tissue exacerbates the injury, posing a significant health threat and economic burden to patients and their families. I/R triggers a multitude of physiological and pathological events, such as inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, neuronal cell death, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Hence, the development of effective therapeutic strategies targeting the pathological processes resulting from I/R is crucial for the rehabilitation and long-term enhancement of the quality of life in patients with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI). Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomers refer to bioactive compounds extracted from Chinese herbal medicine, possessing anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects, and the ability to modulate programmed cell death (PCD). TCM monomers have emerged as promising candidates for the treatment of CIRI and its subsequent complications. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that TCM monomers can enhance the recovery of neurological function following CIRI by mitigating oxidative stress, suppressing inflammatory responses, reducing neuronal cell death and functional impairment, as well as minimizing cerebral infarction volume. The neuroprotective effects of TCM monomers on CIRI have been extensively investigated, and a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms can pave the way for novel approaches to I/R treatment. This review aims to update and summarize evidence of the protective effects of TCMs in CIRI, with a focus on their role in modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, PCD, glutamate excitotoxicity, Ca2+ overload, as well as promoting blood-brain barrier repairment and angiogenesis. The main objective is to underscore the significant contribution of TCM monomers in alleviating CIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Manxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Liu P, Zhang Z, Cai Y, Yang Y, Yuan J, Chen Q. Inhibition of the pyroptosis-associated inflammasome pathway: The important potential mechanism of ginsenosides in ameliorating diabetes and its complications. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 253:115336. [PMID: 37031528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications have become an important global public health issue, affecting human health and negatively impacting life and lifespan. Pyroptosis is a recently discovered form of pro-inflammatory programmed cell death (PCD). To date, pyroptosis-associated inflammasome pathways have been identified primarily in the canonical and non-canonical inflammasome pathway, apoptotic caspase-mediated pathway, granzyme-mediated pathway, and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB)-mediated pathway. The activation of diabetes-mediated pyroptosis-associated factors play an important role in the pathophysiology of DM and its complications. Studies have shown that ginsenosides exert significant protective effects on DM and its complications. Through inhibiting the activation of pyroptosis-associated inflammasome pathways, and then the DM and its complications are improved. This review summarizes the subtypes of ginsenosides and their chemical characteristics, pharmacokinetics and side effects, the main pyroptosis-associated inflammasome pathways that have been discovered to date, and the potential mechanism of different subtypes of ginsenosides in the treatment of DM and its complications (such as diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic liver injury, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic ischemic stroke) via anti-pyroptosis-associated inflammasome pathways. These findings may provide ideas for further research to explore ginsenoside mechanism in improving DM and its complications. However, many pyroptosis-associated inflammasome pathways and targets involved in the occurrence and development of DM and its complications are still unknown. In the future, further studies using in vitro cell models, in vivo animal models, and human disease models can be used to further elucidate the mechanism of ginsenosides in the treatment of DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan Province, PR China; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Yichen Cai
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Yunjiao Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China.
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25
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Nrf2-mediated activation of HO-1 is required in the blocking effect of compound K, a ginseng saponin metabolite, against oxidative stress damage in ARPE-19 human retinal pigment epithelial cells. J Ginseng Res 2023; 47:311-318. [PMID: 36926611 PMCID: PMC10014180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The beneficial effects of compound K (CK) on different chronic diseases have been shown to be at least related to antioxidant action. Nevertheless, since its antioxidant activity in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is still unknown, here we investigated whether CK alleviates oxidative stress-stimulated damage in RPE ARPE-19 cells. Methods The cytoprotective consequence of CK in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated cells was evaluated by cell viability, DNA damage, and apoptosis assays. Fluorescence analysis and immunoblotting were performed to investigate the inhibitory action of CK on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial dysfunction. Results H2O2-promoted cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, DNA damage, mitochondrial impairment, and apoptosis were significantly attenuated by CK in ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) phosphorylation level and its shuttling to the nucleus were increased, which was correlated with upregulated activation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). However, zinc protoporphyrin, a blocker of HO-1, significantly abrogated the preventive action of CK in H2O2-treated ARPE-19 cells. Conclusion This study indicates that activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling by CK plays an important role in rescuing ARPE-19 cells from oxidative cellular damage.
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Wang HP, Fan CL, Lin ZZ, Yin Q, Zhao C, Peng P, Zhang R, Wang ZJ, Du J, Wang ZB. Screening of Potential α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from the Roots and Rhizomes of Panax Ginseng by Affinity Ultrafiltration Screening Coupled with UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS Method. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052069. [PMID: 36903317 PMCID: PMC10004417 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Panax ginseng was a traditional Chinese medicine with various pharmacological activities and one of its important activities was hypoglycemic activity; therefore, panax ginseng has been used in China as an adjuvant in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. In vivo and in vitro tests have revealed that ginsenosides, which are derived from the roots and rhizomes of panax ginseng have anti-diabetic effects and produce different hypoglycemic mechanisms by acting on some specific molecular targets, such as SGLT1, GLP-1, GLUTs, AMPK, and FOXO1. α-Glucosidase is another important hypoglycemic molecular target, and its inhibitors can inhibit the activity of α-Glucosidase so as to delay the absorption of dietary carbohydrates and finally reduce postprandial blood sugar. However, whether ginsenosides have the hypoglycemic mechanism of inhibiting α-Glucosidase activity, and which ginsenosides exactly attribute to the inhibitory effect as well as the inhibition degree are not clear, which needs to be addressed and systematically studied. To solve this problem, affinity ultrafiltration screening coupled with UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS technology was used to systematically select α-Glucosidase inhibitors from panax ginseng. The ligands were selected through our established effective data process workflow based on systematically analyzing all compounds in the sample and control specimens. As a result, a total of 24 α-Glucosidase inhibitors were selected from panax ginseng, and it was the first time that ginsenosides were systematically studied for the inhibition of α-Glucosidase. Meanwhile, our study revealed that inhibiting α-Glucosidase activity probably was another important mechanism for ginsenosides treating diabetes mellitus. In addition, our established data process workflow can be used to select the active ligands from other natural products using affinity ultrafiltration screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ping Wang
- Scientific Research Institute of Beijing Tongrentang Co., Ltd., Beijing 100011, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-10-87632655
| | - Chun-Lan Fan
- Beijing Tongrentang Technology Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100079, China
| | - Zhao-Zhou Lin
- Beijing Tongrentang Technology Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100079, China
| | - Qiong Yin
- Scientific Research Institute of Beijing Tongrentang Co., Ltd., Beijing 100011, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Scientific Research Institute of Beijing Tongrentang Co., Ltd., Beijing 100011, China
| | - Ping Peng
- Scientific Research Institute of Beijing Tongrentang Co., Ltd., Beijing 100011, China
| | - Run Zhang
- Beijing Zhongyan Tongrentang Pharmaceutical R & D Co., Ltd., Beijing 100000, China
| | - Zi-Jian Wang
- Scientific Research Institute of Beijing Tongrentang Co., Ltd., Beijing 100011, China
| | - Jing Du
- Scientific Research Institute of Beijing Tongrentang Co., Ltd., Beijing 100011, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Wang
- Scientific Research Institute of Beijing Tongrentang Co., Ltd., Beijing 100011, China
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Moratilla-Rivera I, Sánchez M, Valdés-González JA, Gómez-Serranillos MP. Natural Products as Modulators of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Neuroprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043748. [PMID: 36835155 PMCID: PMC9967135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) affect the West due to the increase in life expectancy. Nervous cells accumulate oxidative damage, which is one of the factors that triggers and accelerates neurodegeneration. However, cells have mechanisms that scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviate oxidative stress (OS). Many of these endogenous antioxidant systems are regulated at the gene expression level by the transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2). In the presence of prooxidant conditions, Nrf2 translocates to the nucleus and induces the transcription of genes containing ARE (antioxidant response element). In recent years, there has been an increase in the study of the Nrf2 pathway and the natural products that positively regulate it to reduce oxidative damage to the nervous system, both in in vitro models with neurons and microglia subjected to stress factors and in vivo models using mainly murine models. Quercetin, curcumin, anthocyanins, tea polyphenols, and other less studied phenolic compounds such as kaempferol, hesperetin, and icariin can also modulate Nrf2 by regulating several Nrf2 upstream activators. Another group of phytochemical compounds that upregulate this pathway are terpenoids, including monoterpenes (aucubin, catapol), diterpenes (ginkgolides), triterpenes (ginsenosides), and carotenoids (astaxanthin, lycopene). This review aims to update the knowledge on the influence of secondary metabolites of health interest on the activation of the Nrf2 pathway and their potential as treatments for NDs.
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Shin SW, Cho IH. Panax ginseng as a potential therapeutic for neurological disorders associated with COVID-19; Toward targeting inflammasome. J Ginseng Res 2023; 47:23-32. [PMID: 36213093 PMCID: PMC9529349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 infection may cause clinical manifestations of multiple organ damage, including various neurological syndromes. There are currently two oral antiviral drugs-Paxlovid and molnupiravir-that are recognized to treat COVID-19, but there are still no drugs that can specifically fight the challenges of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multimolecular complex that can sense heterogeneous pathogen-associated molecular patterns associated with neurological disorders. The NLRP3 activation stimulates the production of caspase-1-mediated interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, and other cytokines in immune cells. Panax (P.) ginseng is a medicinal plant that has traditionally been widely used to boost immunity and treat various pathological conditions in the nervous system due to its safety and anti-inflammatory/oxidant/viral activities. Several recent reports have indicated that P. ginseng and its active ingredients may regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the nervous system. Therefore, this review article discusses the current knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of neurological disorders related to COVID-19 and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the possibility of using P. ginseng in a strategy targeting this pathway to treat neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Won Shin
- Department of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik Hyun Cho
- Department of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author. D.V.M. & Ph.D. Department of Convergence Medical Science and Institute of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
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Long JX, Tian MZ, Chen XY, Yu HH, Ding H, Liu F, Du K. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in ischemic stroke and the intervention of traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1151196. [PMID: 37153784 PMCID: PMC10160381 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1151196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is the second leading cause of death and disability in the world. Pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death initiated by caspases, participates in the occurrence and development of IS. Because it can increase cell membrane permeability, mediate the release of inflammatory factors, and aggravate inflammation, inhibiting this process can significantly reduce the pathological injury of IS. The nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain protein 3 (NLRP3) is a multiprotein complex whose activation is the core link of pyroptosis. In recent years, studies have reported that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) could regulate pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome through multi-channel and multi-target networks and thus exert the effect against IS. This article reviews 107 papers published in recent years in PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WanFang Data in recent years. It has found that the activation factors of NLRP3 inflammasome include ROS, mitochondrial dysfunction, K+, Ca2+, lysosome rupture, and trans-Golgi breakdown. TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3, ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3, AMPK/Nrf2/NLRP3, DRP1/NLRP3, TAK1/JNK/NLRP3 signaling pathways regulate the initiation and assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome, subsequently induce pyroptosis, affecting the occurrence and development of IS. TCM can affect the above signaling pathways and regulate the pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome, so as to play a protective role against IS, which provides a new entry point for discussing the pathological mechanism of IS and a theoretical basis for developing TCM treasure house.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Long
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Meng-Zhi Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Huang-He Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Huang Ding
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Du
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Ke Du,
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Nrf2 Regulates Oxidative Stress and Its Role in Cerebral Ischemic Stroke. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122377. [PMID: 36552584 PMCID: PMC9774301 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke is characterized by acute ischemia in a certain part of the brain, which leads to brain cells necrosis, apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, etc. At present, there are limited effective clinical treatments for cerebral ischemic stroke, and the recovery of cerebral blood circulation will lead to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Cerebral ischemic stroke involves many pathological processes such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), as one of the most critical antioxidant transcription factors in cells, can coordinate various cytoprotective factors to inhibit oxidative stress. Targeting Nrf2 is considered as a potential strategy to prevent and treat cerebral ischemia injury. During cerebral ischemia, Nrf2 participates in signaling pathways such as Keap1, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, NF-κB, and HO-1, and then alleviates cerebral ischemia injury or CIRI by inhibiting oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, protecting the blood-brain barrier, and inhibiting ferroptosis. In this review, we have discussed the structure of Nrf2, the mechanisms of Nrf2 in cerebral ischemic stroke, the related research on the treatment of cerebral ischemia through the Nrf2 signaling pathway in recent years, and expounded the important role and future potential of the Nrf2 pathway in cerebral ischemic stroke.
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Zheng Y, Xu X, Chi F, Cong N. Pyroptosis: A Newly Discovered Therapeutic Target for Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1625. [PMID: 36358975 PMCID: PMC9687982 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, uncommon among patients suffering from myocardial infarction, stroke, or acute kidney injury, can result in cell death and organ dysfunction. Previous studies have shown that different types of cell death, including apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy, can occur during I/R injury. Pyroptosis, which is characterized by cell membrane pore formation, pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and cell burst, and which differentiates itself from apoptosis and necroptosis, has been found to be closely related to I/R injury. Therefore, targeting the signaling pathways and key regulators of pyroptosis may be favorable for the treatment of I/R injury, which is far from adequate at present. This review summarizes the current status of pyroptosis and its connection to I/R in different organs, as well as potential treatment strategies targeting it to combat I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Hearing Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Research Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xinda Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Hearing Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Research Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Fanglu Chi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Hearing Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Research Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ning Cong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Hearing Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Research Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
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Neuroprotective Effect and Possible Mechanisms of Ginsenoside-Rd for Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Damage in Experimental Animal: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7650438. [PMID: 36092162 PMCID: PMC9458376 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7650438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, the most common type of stroke, can lead to a long-term disability with the limitation of effective therapeutic approaches. Ginsenoside-Rd (G-Rd) has been found as a neuroprotective agent. In order to investigate and discuss the neuroprotective function and underlying mechanism of G-Rd in experimental animal models following cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury, PubMed, Embase, SinoMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched from their inception dates to May 2022, with no language restriction. Studies that G-Rd was used to treat cerebral I/R damage in vivo were selected. A total of 18 articles were included in this paper, and it was showed that after cerebral I/R damage, G-Rd administration could significantly attenuate infarct volume (19 studies, SMD = −1.75 [−2.21 to − 1.30], P < 0.00001). Subgroup analysis concluded that G-Rd at the moderate doses of >10- <50 mg/kg reduced the infarct volume to the greatest extent, and increasing the dose beyond 50 mg/kg did not produce better results. The neuroprotective effect of G-Rd was not affected by other factors, such as the animal species, the order of administration, and the ischemia time. In comparison with the control group, G-Rd administration could improve neurological recovery (lower score means better recovery: 14 studies, SMD = −1.50 [−2.00 to − 1.00], P < 0.00001; higher score means better recovery: 8 studies, SMD = 1.57 [0.93 to 2.21], P < 0.00001). In addition, this review suggested that G-Rd in vivo can antagonize the reduced oxidative stress, regulate Ca2+, and inhibit inflammatory, resistance to apoptosis, and antipyroptosis on cerebral I/R damage. Collectively, G-Rd is a promising natural neuroprotective agent on cerebral I/R injury with unique advantages and a clear mechanism of action. More clinical randomized, blind-controlled trials are also needed to confirm the neuroprotective effect of G-Rd on cerebral I/R injury.
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Liang H, Yang X, Li H, Wang X, Su H, Li X, Tian J, Cai C, Huang M, Bi H. Schisandrol B protects against cholestatic liver injury by inhibiting pyroptosis through pregnane X receptor. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 204:115222. [PMID: 35988735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that Schisandrol B (SolB) protected against lithocholic acid (LCA)-induced cholestatic liver injury (CLI) through pregnane X receptor (PXR). Additionally, growing evidence has revealed that pyroptosis is involved in CLI. Whether the hepatoprotective effect of SolB driven by PXR activation is related to pyroptosis in CLI remains unclear. First, the hepatoprotective effect of SolB was confirmed, as evidenced by the decreased mortality, morphological and histopathological changes, and biochemical parameters. The upregulated serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level, increased number of TUNEL-positive cells, and formation of hepatocyte membrane pores induced by LCA were significantly alleviated after SolB pretreatment, indicating that SolB attenuated LCA-induced hepatocyte damage. Further analysis revealed that both NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-induced canonical pyroptosis and apoptosis protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) pyroptosome-induced noncanonical pyroptosis were significantly inhibited after SolB pretreatment, as illustrated by the decreased expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and GSDMD and the levels of Apaf-1, caspase-11 p20, caspase-3 p20, and GSDME. Furthermore, the activation of the NF-κB and FoxO1 signaling pathways was inhibited after SolB pretreatment. In addition, the activation of PXR via SolB was proven by luciferase reporter gene assays and the upregulation of PXR targets. The results illustrated that SolB could significantly inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome-induced canonical pyroptosis through the PXR/NF-κB/NLRP3 axis and inhibit Apaf-1 pyroptosome-induced noncanonical pyroptosis through the PXR/FoxO1/Apaf-1 axis. Collectively, this study revealed that SolB protected against CLI by inhibiting pyroptosis through PXR, providing new insights for understanding the molecular mechanism of SolB as a promising anti-cholestatic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangfei Liang
- Guandong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huilin Li
- Guandong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haiguo Su
- Guandong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Guandong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianing Tian
- Guandong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenghui Cai
- Guandong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Huang
- Guandong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Huichang Bi
- Guandong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhao A, Liu N, Yao M, Zhang Y, Yao Z, Feng Y, Liu J, Zhou G. A Review of Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Ginsenosides From Panax Ginseng in Treating Ischemic Stroke. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:946752. [PMID: 35873557 PMCID: PMC9302711 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.946752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke has been considered one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide, associated with a series of complex pathophysiological processes. However, effective therapeutic methods for ischemic stroke are still limited. Panax ginseng, a valuable traditional Chinese medicine, has been long used in eastern countries for various diseases. Ginsenosides, the main active ingredient of Panax ginseng, has demonstrated neuroprotective effects on ischemic stroke injury during the last decade. In this article, we summarized the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and reviewed the literature on ginsenosides studies in preclinical and clinical ischemic stroke. Available findings showed that both major ginsenosides and minor ginsenosides (such as Rg3, Rg5, and Rh2) has a potential neuroprotective effect, mainly through attenuating the excitotoxicity, Ca2+ overload, mitochondria dysfunction, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative, anti-apoptosis, anti-pyroptosis, anti-autophagy, improving angiogenesis, and neurogenesis. Therefore, this review brings a current understanding of the mechanisms of ginsenosides in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Further studies, especially in clinical trials, will be important to confirm the clinical value of ginseng and ginsenosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimei Zhao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Neuroscience Centre, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Beijing Increasepharm Safety and Efficacy Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Mingjiang Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Region, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yehao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Region, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zengyu Yao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Neuroscience Centre, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujing Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Punan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Region, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jianxun Liu, ; Guoping Zhou,
| | - Guoping Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Neuroscience Centre, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianxun Liu, ; Guoping Zhou,
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Yi YS. Potential benefits of ginseng against COVID-19 by targeting inflammasomes. J Ginseng Res 2022; 46:722-730. [PMID: 35399195 PMCID: PMC8979607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogenic virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with major symptoms including hyper-inflammation and cytokine storm, which consequently impairs the respiratory system and multiple organs, or even cause death. SARS-CoV-2 activates inflammasomes and inflammasome-mediated inflammatory signaling pathways, which are key determinants of hyperinflammation and cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 inhibits inflammasome activation to evade the host's antiviral immunity. Therefore, regulating inflammasome initiation has received increasing attention as a preventive measure in COVID-19 patients. Ginseng and its major active constituents, ginsenosides and saponins, improve the immune system and exert anti-inflammatory effects by targeting inflammasome stimulation. Therefore, this review discussed the potential preventive and therapeutic roles of ginseng in COVID-19 based on its regulatory role in inflammasome initiation and the host's antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Su Yi
- Department of Life Sciences, Kyonggi University, 154-42 Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16227, Republic of Korea.
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