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Cooper K, Clarke M, Clayton JB. Informatics for your Gut: at the Interface of Nutrition, the Microbiome, and Technology. Yearb Med Inform 2023; 32:89-98. [PMID: 37414029 PMCID: PMC10751132 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significant portion of individuals in the United States and worldwide experience diseases related to or driven by diet. As research surrounding user-centered design and the microbiome grows, movement of the spectrum of translational science from bench to bedside for improvement of human health through nutrition becomes more accessible. In this literature survey, we examined recent literature examining informatics research at the interface of nutrition and the microbiome. OBJECTIVES The objective of this survey was to synthesize recent literature describing how technology is being applied to understand health at the interface of nutrition and the microbiome focusing on the perspective of the consumer. METHODS A survey of the literature published between January 1, 2021 and October 10, 2022 was performed using the PubMed database and resulting literature was evaluated against inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS A total of 139 papers were retrieved and evaluated against inclusion and exclusion criteria. After evaluation, 45 papers were reviewed in depth revealing four major themes: (1) microbiome and diet, (2) usability,(3) reproducibility and rigor, and (4) precision medicine and precision nutrition. CONCLUSIONS A review of the relationships between current literature on technology, nutrition and the microbiome, and self-management of dietary patterns was performed. Major themes that emerged from this survey revealed exciting new horizons for consumer management of diet and disease, as well as progress towards elucidating the relationship between diet, the microbiome, and health outcomes. The survey revealed continuing interest in the study of diet-related disease and the microbiome and acknowledgement of needs for data re-use, sharing, and unbiased and rigorous measurement of the microbiome. The literature also showed trends toward enhancing the usability of digital interventions to support consumer health and home management, and consensus building around how precision medicine and precision nutrition may be applied in the future to improve human health outcomes and prevent diet-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Cooper
- School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, College of Information Science and Technology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Martina Clarke
- School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, College of Information Science and Technology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jonathan B. Clayton
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
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Islam SMS, Siopis G, Sood S, Uddin R, Tegegne T, Porter J, Dunstan DW, Colagiuri S, Zimmet P, George ES, Maddison R. The burden of type 2 diabetes in Australia during the period 1990-2019: Findings from the global burden of disease study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 199:110631. [PMID: 36965709 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To describe morbidity and mortality trends of type 2 diabetes in Australia, from 1990 to 2019, compared with similar sociodemographic index (SDI) countries. METHODS Australia-specific Global Burden of Diseases data were used to estimate age-standardised, age-specific, and sex-specific rates for prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and deaths due to type 2 diabetes between 1990 and 2019. Australian data were compared with 14 similar SDI countries. RESULTS Type 2 diabetes increased in Australia between 1990 and 2019. The age-standardised prevalence increased from 1,985 [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1,786.7-2195.3] per 100,000 population, to 3,429 [95% CI 3,053.3-3,853.7]. Cases tripled, from 379,532 [342,465-419,475] to 1,307,261 [1,165,522-1,461,180]. The age-standardised death rates doubled, from 2,098 [1,953-2,203] per 100,000, to 4,122 [3,617-4,512]. DALYs doubled, from 70,348 [59,187-83,500] to 169,763 [129,792-216,150], with increases seen in YLDs and YLLs. Men displayed higher rates. Compared to similar SDI countries, Australia ranked 4th in terms of burden for type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS The burden of type 2 diabetes in Australia has increased considerably over three decades. There is an urgent need to prioritise resource allocation for prevention programs, screening initiatives to facilitate early detection, and effective and accessible management strategies for the large proportion of the population impacted by type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - George Siopis
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - Surbhi Sood
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - Riaz Uddin
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - Teketo Tegegne
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - Judi Porter
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - David W Dunstan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Baker-Deakin Department Lifestyle and Diabetes, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | | | - Paul Zimmet
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Elena S George
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - Ralph Maddison
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
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Dening J, Zacharia K, Ball K, George ES, Islam SMS. Exploring engagement with a web-based dietary intervention for adults with type 2 diabetes: A mixed methods evaluation of the T2Diet study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279466. [PMID: 36584072 PMCID: PMC9803196 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improved understanding of participant engagement in web-based dietary interventions is needed. Engagement is a complex construct that may be best explored through mixed methods to gain comprehensive insight. To our knowledge, no web-based dietary intervention in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has previously used a mixed methods approach. The aim of this study was to explore factors that may contribute to effective engagement in a web-based dietary program for people with T2D. METHODS This study employed a mixed methods intervention design, with a convergent design embedded for post-intervention evaluation. The convergent design collected and analyzed quantitative and qualitative data independent of each other, with the two datasets merged/compared during results/interpretation. Quantitative data collected from intervention group participants (n = 40) were self-administered questionnaires and usage data with average values summarized. Qualitative data were participant semi-structured interviews (n = 15) incorporating a deductive-inductive thematic analysis approach. RESULTS The results from the quantitative and qualitative data indicated positive overall engagement with the web-based dietary program. Factors that contributed to effective engagement were sustained frequency and intensity of engagement; structured weekly program delivery; participants affective engagement prior to and during the intervention, with positive affective states enhancing cognitive and behavioral engagement; and participants experience of value and reward. In addition, the user-centered development process employed prior to intervention delivery played an important role in facilitating positive engagement outcomes. CONCLUSION This study yielded novel findings by integrating qualitative and quantitative data to explore engagement with a web-based dietary program involving people with T2D. Effective engagement occurred in this intervention through a combination of factors related to usage and participants' affective, cognitive and behavioral states. The engagement outcomes that emerged will be useful to current and future researchers using digital technologies to deliver lifestyle interventions for T2D or other chronic health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jedha Dening
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Karly Zacharia
- Faculty of Health & Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kylie Ball
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elena S. George
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood, Victoria, Australia
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Islam SMS, Nourse R, Uddin R, Rawstorn JC, Maddison R. Consensus on Recommended Functions of a Smart Home System to Improve Self-Management Behaviors in People With Heart Failure: A Modified Delphi Approach. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:896249. [PMID: 35845075 PMCID: PMC9276993 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.896249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSmart home systems could enhance clinical and self-management of chronic heart failure by supporting health monitoring and remote support, but evidence to guide the design of smart home system functionalities is lacking.ObjectiveTo identify consensus-based recommendations for functions of a smart home system that could augment clinical and self-management for people living with chronic heart failure in the community.MethodsHealthcare professionals caring for people living with chronic heart failure participated in a two-round modified Delphi survey and a consensus workshop. Thirty survey items spanning eight chronic health failure categories were derived from international guidelines for the management of heart failure. In survey Round 1, participants rated the importance of all items using a 9-point Liket scale and suggested new functions to support people with chronic heart failure in their homes using a smart home system. The Likert scale scores ranged from 0 (not important) to 9 (very important) and scores were categorized into three groups: 1–3 = not important, 4–6 = important, and 7–9 = very important. Consensus agreement was defined a priori as ≥70% of respondents rating a score of ≥7 and ≤ 15% rating a score ≤ 3. In survey Round 2, panel members re-rated items where consensus was not reached, and rated the new items proposed in earlier round. Panel members were invited to an online consensus workshop to discuss items that had not reached consensus after Round 2 and agree on a set of recommendations for a smart home system.ResultsIn Round 1, 15 experts agreed 24/30 items were “very important”, and suggested six new items. In Round 2, experts agreed 2/6 original items and 6/6 new items were “very important”. During the consensus workshop, experts endorsed 2/4 remaining items. Finally, the expert panel recommended 34 items as “very important” for a smart home system including, healthy eating, body weight and fluid intake, physical activity and sedentary behavior, heart failure symptoms, tobacco cessation and alcohol reduction, medication adherence, physiological monitoring, interaction with healthcare professionals, and mental health among others.ConclusionA panel of healthcare professional experts recommended 34-item core functions in smart home systems designed to support people with chronic heart failure for self-management and clinical support. Results of this study will help researchers to co-design and protyping solutions with consumers and healthcare providers to achieve these core functions to improve self-management and clinical outcomes in people with chronic heart failure.
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Islam SMS, Mishra V, Siddiqui MU, Moses JC, Adibi S, Nguyen L, Wickramasinghe N. Smartphone Apps for Diabetes Medication Adherence: A Systematic Review (Preprint). JMIR Diabetes 2021; 7:e33264. [PMID: 35727613 PMCID: PMC9257622 DOI: 10.2196/33264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vinaytosh Mishra
- College of Healthcare Management and Economics, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Umer Siddiqui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Sasan Adibi
- School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Lemai Nguyen
- School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Nilmini Wickramasinghe
- Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
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