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Smiles WJ, Ovens AJ, Kemp BE, Galic S, Petersen J, Oakhill JS. New developments in AMPK and mTORC1 cross-talk. Essays Biochem 2024:EBC20240007. [PMID: 38994736 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20240007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic homeostasis and the ability to link energy supply to demand are essential requirements for all living cells to grow and proliferate. Key to metabolic homeostasis in all eukaryotes are AMPK and mTORC1, two kinases that sense nutrient levels and function as counteracting regulators of catabolism (AMPK) and anabolism (mTORC1) to control cell survival, growth and proliferation. Discoveries beginning in the early 2000s revealed that AMPK and mTORC1 communicate, or cross-talk, through direct and indirect phosphorylation events to regulate the activities of each other and their shared protein substrate ULK1, the master initiator of autophagy, thereby allowing cellular metabolism to rapidly adapt to energy and nutritional state. More recent reports describe divergent mechanisms of AMPK/mTORC1 cross-talk and the elaborate means by which AMPK and mTORC1 are activated at the lysosome. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of current understanding in this exciting area and comment on new evidence showing mTORC1 feedback extends to the level of the AMPK isoform, which is particularly pertinent for some cancers where specific AMPK isoforms are implicated in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Smiles
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumour Metabolism, Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ashley J Ovens
- Protein Engineering in Immunity and Metabolism, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Bruce E Kemp
- Protein Chemistry and Metabolism, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Vic 3065, Vic. Australia
| | - Sandra Galic
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Metabolic Physiology, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Janni Petersen
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Nutrition and Metabolism, South Australia Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Jonathan S Oakhill
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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2
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Levy T, Voeltzke K, Hruby L, Alasad K, Bas Z, Snaebjörnsson M, Marciano R, Scharov K, Planque M, Vriens K, Christen S, Funk CM, Hassiepen C, Kahler A, Heider B, Picard D, Lim JKM, Stefanski A, Bendrin K, Vargas-Toscano A, Kahlert UD, Stühler K, Remke M, Elkabets M, Grünewald TGP, Reichert AS, Fendt SM, Schulze A, Reifenberger G, Rotblat B, Leprivier G. mTORC1 regulates cell survival under glucose starvation through 4EBP1/2-mediated translational reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4083. [PMID: 38744825 PMCID: PMC11094136 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48386-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Energetic stress compels cells to evolve adaptive mechanisms to adjust their metabolism. Inhibition of mTOR kinase complex 1 (mTORC1) is essential for cell survival during glucose starvation. How mTORC1 controls cell viability during glucose starvation is not well understood. Here we show that the mTORC1 effectors eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding proteins 1/2 (4EBP1/2) confer protection to mammalian cells and budding yeast under glucose starvation. Mechanistically, 4EBP1/2 promote NADPH homeostasis by preventing NADPH-consuming fatty acid synthesis via translational repression of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase 1 (ACC1), thereby mitigating oxidative stress. This has important relevance for cancer, as oncogene-transformed cells and glioma cells exploit the 4EBP1/2 regulation of ACC1 expression and redox balance to combat energetic stress, thereby supporting transformation and tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. Clinically, high EIF4EBP1 expression is associated with poor outcomes in several cancer types. Our data reveal that the mTORC1-4EBP1/2 axis provokes a metabolic switch essential for survival during glucose starvation which is exploited by transformed and tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Levy
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Kai Voeltzke
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Hruby
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Khawla Alasad
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Zuelal Bas
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marteinn Snaebjörnsson
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Division of Tumor Metabolism and Microenvironment, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ran Marciano
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Katerina Scharov
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mélanie Planque
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kim Vriens
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Christen
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cornelius M Funk
- Division of Translational Pediatric Sarcoma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Hassiepen
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alisa Kahler
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Beate Heider
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Picard
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German cancer consortium (DKTK) partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jonathan K M Lim
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anja Stefanski
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biomedical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katja Bendrin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andres Vargas-Toscano
- Clinic for Neurosurgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiation Oncology, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf D Kahlert
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Clinic for General-, Visceral, Vascular- and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biomedical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Remke
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German cancer consortium (DKTK) partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Moshe Elkabets
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Thomas G P Grünewald
- Division of Translational Pediatric Sarcoma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Almut Schulze
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Division of Tumor Metabolism and Microenvironment, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guido Reifenberger
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German cancer consortium (DKTK) partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Barak Rotblat
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel.
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel.
| | - Gabriel Leprivier
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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3
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He L, Zhong Z, Wen S, Li P, Jiang Q, Liu F. Gut microbiota-derived butyrate restores impaired regulatory T cells in patients with AChR myasthenia gravis via mTOR-mediated autophagy. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:215. [PMID: 38570836 PMCID: PMC10988943 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01588-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
More than 80% of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) are positive for anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress overproduction of these antibodies, and patients with AChR antibody-positive MG (AChR MG) exhibit impaired Treg function and reduced Treg numbers. The gut microbiota and their metabolites play a crucial role in maintaining Treg differentiation and function. However, whether impaired Tregs correlate with gut microbiota activity in patients with AChR MG remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that butyric acid-producing gut bacteria and serum butyric acid level are reduced in patients with AChR MG. Butyrate supplementation effectively enhanced Treg differentiation and their suppressive function of AChR MG. Mechanistically, butyrate activates autophagy of Treg cells by inhibiting the mammalian target of rapamycin. Activation of autophagy increased oxidative phosphorylation and surface expression of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 on Treg cells, thereby promoting Treg differentiation and their suppressive function in AChR MG. This observed effect of butyrate was blocked using chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, suggesting the vital role of butyrate-activated autophagy in Tregs of patients with AChR MG. We propose that gut bacteria derived butyrate has potential therapeutic efficacy against AChR MG by restoring impaired Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long He
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Postdoctoral Research Station of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16 Airport Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510405, China
| | - Zhuotai Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 6, Wangjing Zhonghuan South Road, Futong East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing City, China
| | - Shuting Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 55, Inner Ring West Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511400, China
| | - Peiwu Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16 Airport Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510405, China.
| | - Qilong Jiang
- Department of Myopathies, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16 Airport Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510405, China.
| | - Fengbin Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16 Airport Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510405, China.
- Baiyun Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 2 He Longqi Road, Renhe, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 12 Airport Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510405, China.
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4
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Chen YF, Pang YC, Wang HC, Wu PE, Chen ZJ, Huang D, Peng DL, Yan YM, Liu C, Wu LC, Fan XZ, Cheng YX, Liu YQ. Identification of arnicolide C as a novel chemosensitizer to suppress mTOR/E2F1/FANCD2 axis in non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:1221-1237. [PMID: 37926864 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays critical roles in intrinsic chemoresistance by regulating Fanconi anaemia complementation group D2 (FANCD2) expression. However, the mechanisms by which mTOR regulates FANCD2 expression and related inhibitors are not clearly elucidated. Extracts of Centipeda minima (C. minima) showed promising chemosensitizing effects by inhibiting FANCD2 activity. Here, we have aimed to identify the bioactive chemosensitizer in C. minima extracts and elucidate its underlying mechanism. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The chemosensitizing effects of arnicolide C (ArC), a bioactive compound in C. minima, on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were investigated using immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, the comet assay, small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection and animal models. The online SynergyFinder software was used to determine the synergistic effects of ArC and chemotherapeutic drugs on NSCLC cells. KEY RESULTS ArC had synergistic cytotoxic effects with DNA cross-linking drugs such as cisplatin and mitomycin C in NSCLC cells. ArC treatment markedly decreased FANCD2 expression in NSCLC cells, thus attenuating cisplatin-induced FANCD2 nuclear foci formation, leading to DNA damage and apoptosis. ArC inhibited the mTOR pathway and attenuated mTOR-mediated expression of E2F1, a critical transcription factor of FANCD2. Co-administration of ArC and cisplatin exerted synergistic anticancer effects in the A549 xenograft mouse model by suppressing mTOR/FANCD2 signalling in tumour tissues. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS ArC suppressed DNA cross-linking drug-induced DNA damage response by inhibiting the mTOR/E2F1/FANCD2 signalling axis, serving as a chemosensitizing agent. This provides insight into the anticancer mechanisms of ArC and offers a potential combinatorial anticancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fei Chen
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Chun Pang
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han-Chen Wang
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-En Wu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Jie Chen
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da Huang
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ling Peng
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yan
- Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changhui Liu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Chuan Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiang-Zhen Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Liu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China
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5
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Centola CL, Dasso ME, Soria JD, Riera MF, Meroni SB, Galardo MN. Glycolysis as key regulatory step in FSH-induced rat Sertoli cell proliferation: Role of the mTORC1 pathway. Biochimie 2023; 214:145-156. [PMID: 37442535 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The definitive number of Sertoli cells (SCs), achieved during the proliferative periods, defines the spermatogenic capacity in adulthood. It is recognized that FSH is the main mitogen targeting SC and that it exerts its action, at least partly, through the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 pathway. mTORC1 controls a large number of cellular functions, including glycolysis and cell proliferation. Interestingly, recent evidence revealed that the glycolytic flux might modulate mTORC1 activity and, consequently, cell cycle progression. Although mature SC metabolism has been thoroughly studied, several aspects of metabolism regulation in proliferating SC are still to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to explore whether aerobic glycolysis is regulated by FSH through mTORC1 pathway in proliferating SC, and to assess the involvement of glycolysis in the regulation of SC proliferation. The present study was carried out utilizing 8-day-old rat SC cultures. The results obtained show that FSH enhances glycolytic flux through the induction of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) in an mTORC1 dependent manner. In addition, PFKFB3 and LDH inhibitors prevent FSH from activating mTORC1 and stimulating SC proliferation and glycolysis, presumably through mTORC1 pathway inhibition. In summary, FSH simultaneously regulates SC proliferation and glycolysis in an mTORC1 dependent manner, and glycolysis seems to cooperate with FSH in the stimulation of both cellular functions through the modulation of the same signalling pathway. Therefore, a positive feedback between the mTORC1 pathway and glycolysis triggered by FSH is hypothesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Lucia Centola
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330, C1425EFD, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Ercilia Dasso
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330, C1425EFD, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julio Daniel Soria
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330, C1425EFD, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Fernanda Riera
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330, C1425EFD, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Beatriz Meroni
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330, C1425EFD, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Noel Galardo
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330, C1425EFD, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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6
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Mancini MC, Noland RC, Collier JJ, Burke SJ, Stadler K, Heden TD. Lysosomal glucose sensing and glycophagy in metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:764-777. [PMID: 37633800 PMCID: PMC10592240 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes are cellular organelles that function to catabolize both extra- and intracellular cargo, act as a platform for nutrient sensing, and represent a core signaling node integrating bioenergetic cues to changes in cellular metabolism. Although lysosomal amino acid and lipid sensing in metabolism has been well characterized, lysosomal glucose sensing and the role of lysosomes in glucose metabolism is unrefined. This review will highlight the role of the lysosome in glucose metabolism with a focus on lysosomal glucose and glycogen sensing, glycophagy, and lysosomal glucose transport and how these processes impact autophagy and energy metabolism. Additionally, the role of lysosomal glucose metabolism in genetic and metabolic diseases will be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina C Mancini
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Robert C Noland
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - J Jason Collier
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Susan J Burke
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | | | - Timothy D Heden
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
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7
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Sneyers F, Kerkhofs M, Speelman-Rooms F, Welkenhuyzen K, La Rovere R, Shemy A, Voet A, Eelen G, Dewerchin M, Tait SWG, Ghesquière B, Bootman MD, Bultynck G. Intracellular BAPTA directly inhibits PFKFB3, thereby impeding mTORC1-driven Mcl-1 translation and killing MCL-1-addicted cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:600. [PMID: 37684238 PMCID: PMC10491774 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ signals control several physiological and pathophysiological processes. The main tool to chelate intracellular Ca2+ is intracellular BAPTA (BAPTAi), usually introduced into cells as a membrane-permeant acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM). Previously, we demonstrated that BAPTAi enhanced apoptosis induced by venetoclax, a BCL-2 antagonist, in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This finding implied a novel interplay between intracellular Ca2+ signaling and anti-apoptotic BCL-2 function. Hence, we set out to identify the underlying mechanisms by which BAPTAi enhances cell death in B-cell cancers. In this study, we discovered that BAPTAi alone induced apoptosis in hematological cancer cell lines that were highly sensitive to S63845, an MCL-1 antagonist. BAPTAi provoked a rapid decline in MCL-1-protein levels by inhibiting mTORC1-driven Mcl-1 translation. These events were not a consequence of cell death, as BAX/BAK-deficient cancer cells exhibited similar downregulation of mTORC1 activity and MCL-1-protein levels. Next, we investigated how BAPTAi diminished mTORC1 activity and identified its ability to impair glycolysis by directly inhibiting 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) activity, a previously unknown effect of BAPTAi. Notably, these effects were also induced by a BAPTAi analog with low affinity for Ca2+. Consequently, our findings uncover PFKFB3 inhibition as an Ca2+-independent mechanism through which BAPTAi impairs cellular metabolism and ultimately compromises the survival of MCL-1-dependent cancer cells. These findings hold two important implications. Firstly, the direct inhibition of PFKFB3 emerges as a key regulator of mTORC1 activity and a promising target in MCL-1-dependent cancers. Secondly, cellular effects caused by BAPTAi are not necessarily related to Ca2+ signaling. Our data support the need for a reassessment of the role of Ca2+ in cellular processes when findings were based on the use of BAPTAi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flore Sneyers
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N I, Herestraat 49 box 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martijn Kerkhofs
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N I, Herestraat 49 box 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Femke Speelman-Rooms
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N I, Herestraat 49 box 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N I bis, Herestraat 49 box 901, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kirsten Welkenhuyzen
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N I, Herestraat 49 box 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rita La Rovere
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N I, Herestraat 49 box 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Shemy
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Biomolecular Modelling and Design, Department of Chemistry, Celestijnenlaan 200G, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Arnout Voet
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Biomolecular Modelling and Design, Department of Chemistry, Celestijnenlaan 200G, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Guy Eelen
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N4, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven, Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N4, Herestraat 49 box 912, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Dewerchin
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N4, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven, Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N4, Herestraat 49 box 912, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephen W G Tait
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Applied Mass Spectrometry, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium - VIB, Metabolomics Core Facility Leuven, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium, Herestraat 49 box 912, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martin D Bootman
- School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK.
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N I, Herestraat 49 box 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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8
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Wang H, Penaloza T, Manea AJ, Gao X. PFKP: More than phosphofructokinase. Adv Cancer Res 2023; 160:1-15. [PMID: 37704285 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is one of the key enzymes that functions in glycolysis. Studies show that PFKP regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, cell migration/metastasis, and stemness through glycolysis and glycolysis-independent functions. PFKP performs its function not only in the cytoplasm, but also at the cell membrane, on the mitochondria, at the lysosomal membrane, and in the nucleus. The functions of PFKP are extensively studied in cancer cells. PFKP is also highly expressed in certain immune cells; nevertheless, the study of the PFKP's role in immune cells is limited. In this review, we summarize how the expression and activity of PFKP are regulated in cancer cells. PFKP may be applied as a prognostic marker due to its overexpression and significant functions in cancer cells. As such, specifically targeting/inhibiting PFKP may be a critical and promising strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Wang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Tiffany Penaloza
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Amanda J Manea
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Xueliang Gao
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
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9
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Dai X, Jiang C, Jiang Q, Fang L, Yu H, Guo J, Yan P, Chi F, Zhang T, Inuzuka H, Asara JM, Wang P, Guo J, Wei W. AMPK-dependent phosphorylation of the GATOR2 component WDR24 suppresses glucose-mediated mTORC1 activation. Nat Metab 2023; 5:265-276. [PMID: 36732624 PMCID: PMC11070849 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00732-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) controls cell growth in response to amino acid and glucose levels. However, how mTORC1 senses glucose availability to regulate various downstream signalling pathways remains largely elusive. Here we report that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated phosphorylation of WDR24, a core component of the GATOR2 complex, has a role in the glucose-sensing capability of mTORC1. Mechanistically, glucose deprivation activates AMPK, which directly phosphorylates WDR24 on S155, subsequently disrupting the integrity of the GATOR2 complex to suppress mTORC1 activation. Phosphomimetic Wdr24S155D knock-in mice exhibit early embryonic lethality and reduced mTORC1 activity. On the other hand, compared to wild-type littermates, phospho-deficient Wdr24S155A knock-in mice are more resistant to fasting and display elevated mTORC1 activity. Our findings reveal that AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of WDR24 modulates glucose-induced mTORC1 activation, thereby providing a rationale for targeting AMPK-WDR24 signalling to fine-tune mTORC1 activation as a potential therapeutic means to combat human diseases with aberrant activation of mTORC1 signalling including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Dai
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qiwei Jiang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Fang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haihong Yu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhe Guo
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqiang Yan
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fangtao Chi
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Guo
- Institute of Precision Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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10
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Cellular signals integrate cell cycle and metabolic control in cancer. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 135:397-423. [PMID: 37061338 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Growth factors are the small peptides that can promote growth, differentiation, and survival of most living cells. However, aberrant activation of receptor tyrosine kinases by GFs can generate oncogenic signals, resulting in oncogenic transformation. Accumulating evidence support a link between GF/RTK signaling through the major signaling pathways, Ras/Erk and PI3K/Akt, and cell cycle progression. In response to GF signaling, the quiescent cells in the G0 stage can re-enter the cell cycle and become the proliferative stage. While in the proliferative stage, tumor cells undergo profound changes in their metabolism to support biomass production and bioenergetic requirements. Accumulating data show that the cell cycle regulators, specifically cyclin D, cyclin B, Cdk2, Cdk4, and Cdk6, and anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C-Cdh1) play critical roles in modulating various metabolic pathways. These cell cycle regulators can regulate metabolic enzyme activities through post-translational mechanisms or the transcriptional factors that control the expression of the metabolic genes. This fine-tune control allows only the relevant metabolic pathways to be active in a particular phase of the cell cycle, thereby providing suitable amounts of biosynthetic precursors available during the proliferative stage. The imbalance of metabolites in each cell cycle phase can induce cell cycle arrest followed by p53-induced apoptosis.
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11
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Haythorne E, Lloyd M, Walsby-Tickle J, Tarasov AI, Sandbrink J, Portillo I, Exposito RT, Sachse G, Cyranka M, Rohm M, Rorsman P, McCullagh J, Ashcroft FM. Altered glycolysis triggers impaired mitochondrial metabolism and mTORC1 activation in diabetic β-cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6754. [PMID: 36376280 PMCID: PMC9663558 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34095-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycaemia causes a dramatic decrease in mitochondrial metabolism and insulin content in pancreatic β-cells. This underlies the progressive decline in β-cell function in diabetes. However, the molecular mechanisms by which hyperglycaemia produces these effects remain unresolved. Using isolated islets and INS-1 cells, we show here that one or more glycolytic metabolites downstream of phosphofructokinase and upstream of GAPDH mediates the effects of chronic hyperglycemia. This metabolite stimulates marked upregulation of mTORC1 and concomitant downregulation of AMPK. Increased mTORC1 activity causes inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase which reduces pyruvate entry into the tricarboxylic acid cycle and partially accounts for the hyperglycaemia-induced reduction in oxidative phosphorylation and insulin secretion. In addition, hyperglycaemia (or diabetes) dramatically inhibits GAPDH activity, thereby impairing glucose metabolism. Our data also reveal that restricting glucose metabolism during hyperglycaemia prevents these changes and thus may be of therapeutic benefit. In summary, we have identified a pathway by which chronic hyperglycaemia reduces β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Haythorne
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics and OXION, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK.
| | - Matthew Lloyd
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics and OXION, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - John Walsby-Tickle
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Andrei I Tarasov
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Jonas Sandbrink
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics and OXION, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Idoia Portillo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics and OXION, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Raul Terron Exposito
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics and OXION, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center, Munich, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Gregor Sachse
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics and OXION, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
- Brandenburg Medical School (Theodor Fontane), ZTM-BB, Brandenburg a. d. H, 14770, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Cyranka
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics and OXION, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Maria Rohm
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics and OXION, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center, Munich, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Patrik Rorsman
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - James McCullagh
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Frances M Ashcroft
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics and OXION, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK.
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12
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Hsu H, Chu P, Chang T, Huang K, Hung W, Jiang SS, Lin H, Tsai H. Mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase promotes tumor growth in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer via regulation of the mTOR pathway. Cancer Med 2022; 12:1588-1601. [PMID: 35757841 PMCID: PMC9883444 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor cells may aberrantly express metabolic enzymes to adapt to their environment for survival and growth. Targeting cancer-specific metabolic enzymes is a potential therapeutic strategy. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate and links the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Mitochondrial PEPCK (PEPCK-M), encoded by PCK2, is an isozyme of PEPCK and is distributed in mitochondria. Overexpression of PCK2 has been identified in many human cancers and demonstrated to be important for the survival program initiated upon metabolic stress in cancer cells. We evaluated the expression status of PEPCK-M and investigated the function of PEPCK-M in breast cancer. METHODS We checked the expression status of PEPCK-M in breast cancer samples by immunohistochemical staining. We knocked down or overexpressed PCK2 in breast cancer cell lines to investigate the function of PEPCK-M in breast cancer. RESULTS PEPCK-M was highly expressed in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+ ) breast cancers. Decreased cell proliferation and G0 /G1 arrest were induced in ER+ breast cancer cell lines by knockdown of PCK2. PEPCK-M promoted the activation of mTORC1 downstream signaling molecules and the E2F1 pathways in ER+ breast cancer. In addition, glucose uptake, intracellular glutamine levels, and mTORC1 pathways activation by glucose and glutamine in ER+ breast cancer were attenuated by PCK2 knockdown. CONCLUSION PEPCK-M promotes proliferation and cell cycle progression in ER+ breast cancer via upregulation of the mTORC1 and E2F1 pathways. PCK2 also regulates nutrient status-dependent mTORC1 pathway activation in ER+ breast cancer. Further studies are warranted to understand whether PEPCK-M is a potential therapeutic target for ER+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui‐Ping Hsu
- Department of SurgeryNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Pei‐Yi Chu
- Department of PathologyShow Chwan Memorial HospitalChanghuaTaiwan,National Institute of Cancer ResearchNational Health Research InstitutesTainanTaiwan,School of Medicine, College of MedicineFu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan,Department of Post‐Baccalaureate Medicine, College of MedicineNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Tsung‐Ming Chang
- National Institute of Cancer ResearchNational Health Research InstitutesTainanTaiwan,Department of Medical Laboratory ScienceCollege of Medical Science and Technology, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Kuo‐Wei Huang
- National Institute of Cancer ResearchNational Health Research InstitutesTainanTaiwan
| | - Wen‐Chun Hung
- National Institute of Cancer ResearchNational Health Research InstitutesTainanTaiwan
| | - Shih Sheng Jiang
- National Institute of Cancer ResearchNational Health Research InstitutesTainanTaiwan
| | - Hui‐You Lin
- National Institute of Cancer ResearchNational Health Research InstitutesTainanTaiwan
| | - Hui‐Jen Tsai
- National Institute of Cancer ResearchNational Health Research InstitutesTainanTaiwan,Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan,Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
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13
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Yang Z, Huang C, Wen X, Liu W, Huang X, Li Y, Zang J, Weng Z, Lu D, Tsang CK, Li K, Xu A. Circular RNA circ-FoxO3 attenuates blood-brain barrier damage by inducing autophagy during ischemia/reperfusion. Mol Ther 2022; 30:1275-1287. [PMID: 34763084 PMCID: PMC8899525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage can be a result of central nervous system (CNS) diseases and may be a cause of CNS deterioration. However, there are still many unknowns regarding effective and targeted therapies for maintaining BBB integrity during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this study, we demonstrate that the circular RNA of FoxO3 (circ-FoxO3) promotes autophagy via mTORC1 inhibition to attenuate BBB collapse under I/R. Upregulation of circ-FoxO3 and autophagic flux were detected in brain microvessel endothelial cells in patients with hemorrhagic transformation and in mice models with middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion. In vivo and in vitro studies indicated that circ-FoxO3 alleviated BBB damage principally by autophagy activation. Mechanistically, we found that circ-FoxO3 inhibited mTORC1 activity mainly by sequestering mTOR and E2F1, thus promoting autophagy to clear cytotoxic aggregates for improving BBB integrity. These results demonstrate that circ-FoxO3 plays a novel role in protecting against BBB damage, and that circ-FoxO3 may be a promising therapeutic target for neurological disorders associated with BBB damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Yang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou 510632, China,Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 57 South Renmin Ave, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xueyi Wen
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenlin Liu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou 510632, China,Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 57 South Renmin Ave, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Huang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiankun Zang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zean Weng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chi Kwan Tsang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Keshen Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Anding Xu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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14
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Nowosad A, Besson A. Lysosomes at the Crossroads of Cell Metabolism, Cell Cycle, and Stemness. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042290. [PMID: 35216401 PMCID: PMC8879101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Initially described as lytic bodies due to their degradative and recycling functions, lysosomes play a critical role in metabolic adaptation to nutrient availability. More recently, the contribution of lysosomal proteins to cell signaling has been established, and lysosomes have emerged as signaling hubs that regulate diverse cellular processes, including cell proliferation and cell fate. Deciphering these signaling pathways has revealed an extensive crosstalk between the lysosomal and cell cycle machineries that is only beginning to be understood. Recent studies also indicate that a number of lysosomal proteins are involved in the regulation of embryonic and adult stem cell fate and identity. In this review, we will focus on the role of the lysosome as a signaling platform with an emphasis on its function in integrating nutrient sensing with proliferation and cell cycle progression, as well as in stemness-related features, such as self-renewal and quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Nowosad
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France;
- Department of Oncology, KULeuven, Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Besson
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-561558486
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15
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Galindo CM, Oliveira Ganzella FAD, Klassen G, Souza Ramos EAD, Acco A. Nuances of PFKFB3 signaling in breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2022; 22:e604-e614. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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16
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Sex differences in metabolic pathways are regulated by Pfkfb3 and Pdk4 expression in rodent muscle. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1264. [PMID: 34737380 PMCID: PMC8569015 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02790-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscles display sexually dimorphic features. Biochemically, glycolysis and fatty acid β-oxidation occur preferentially in the muscles of males and females, respectively. However, the mechanisms of the selective utilization of these fuels remains elusive. Here, we obtain transcriptomes from quadriceps type IIB fibers of untreated, gonadectomized, and sex steroid-treated mice of both sexes. Analyses of the transcriptomes unveil two genes, Pfkfb3 (phosphofructokinase-2) and Pdk4 (pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4), that may function as switches between the two sexually dimorphic metabolic pathways. Interestingly, Pfkfb3 and Pdk4 show male-enriched and estradiol-enhanced expression, respectively. Moreover, the contribution of these genes to sexually dimorphic metabolism is demonstrated by knockdown studies with cultured type IIB muscle fibers. Considering that skeletal muscles as a whole are the largest energy-consuming organs, our results provide insights into energy metabolism in the two sexes, during the estrus cycle in women, and under pathological conditions involving skeletal muscles. Baba et al. analyzed the transcriptomes from quadriceps type IIB fibers of untreated, gonadectomized, and sex steroid-treated mice of both sexes and identified Pfkfb3 and Pdk4 as differentially regulated genes between males and diestrus females. The authors found that Pfkfb3 and Pdk4 may act as metabolic switches, showed male-enriched and estradiol-enhanced expression, respectively and contributed to sexually dimorphic metabolism.
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Alvarez R, Mandal D, Chittiboina P. Canonical and Non-Canonical Roles of PFKFB3 in Brain Tumors. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112913. [PMID: 34831136 PMCID: PMC8616071 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PFKFB3 is a bifunctional enzyme that modulates and maintains the intracellular concentrations of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6-P2), essentially controlling the rate of glycolysis. PFKFB3 is a known activator of glycolytic rewiring in neoplastic cells, including central nervous system (CNS) neoplastic cells. The pathologic regulation of PFKFB3 is invoked via various microenvironmental stimuli and oncogenic signals. Hypoxia is a primary inducer of PFKFB3 transcription via HIF-1alpha. In addition, translational modifications of PFKFB3 are driven by various intracellular signaling pathways that allow PFKFB3 to respond to varying stimuli. PFKFB3 synthesizes F2,6P2 through the phosphorylation of F6P with a donated PO4 group from ATP and has the highest kinase activity of all PFKFB isoenzymes. The intracellular concentration of F2,6P2 in cancers is maintained primarily by PFKFB3 allowing cancer cells to evade glycolytic suppression. PFKFB3 is a primary enzyme responsible for glycolytic tumor metabolic reprogramming. PFKFB3 protein levels are significantly higher in high-grade glioma than in non-pathologic brain tissue or lower grade gliomas, but without relative upregulation of transcript levels. High PFKFB3 expression is linked to poor survival in brain tumors. Solitary or concomitant PFKFB3 inhibition has additionally shown great potential in restoring chemosensitivity and radiosensitivity in treatment-resistant brain tumors. An improved understanding of canonical and non-canonical functions of PFKFB3 could allow for the development of effective combinatorial targeted therapies for brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinier Alvarez
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
- Neurosurgery Unit for Pituitary and Inheritable Disorders, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20824, USA;
| | - Debjani Mandal
- Neurosurgery Unit for Pituitary and Inheritable Disorders, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20824, USA;
| | - Prashant Chittiboina
- Neurosurgery Unit for Pituitary and Inheritable Disorders, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20824, USA;
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20824, USA
- Correspondence:
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18
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Zhu Z, Liu Q, Sun J, Bao Z, Wang W. Silencing of PFKFB3 protects podocytes against high glucose‑induced injury by inducing autophagy. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:765. [PMID: 34490476 PMCID: PMC8430303 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a diabetic complication that threatens the health of patients with diabetes. In addition, podocyte injury can lead to the occurrence of DN. The protein 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) may be associated with diabetes; however, the effects of PFKFB3 knockdown by small interfering (si)RNA on the growth of podocytes remains unknown. To investigate the mechanism by which PFKFB3 mediates podocyte injury, MPC5 mouse podocyte cells were treated with high-glucose (HG), and cell viability and apoptosis were examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. In addition, the expression of autophagy-related proteins were measured using western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. Cell migration was investigated using a Transwell assay and phalloidin staining was performed to observe the cytoskeleton. The results revealed that silencing of PFKFB3 significantly promoted MPC5 cell viability and inhibited apoptosis. In addition, the migration of the MPC5 cells was notably downregulated by siPFKFB3. Moreover, PFKFB3 silencing notably reversed the HG-induced decrease in oxygen consumption rate, and the HG-induced increase in extracellular acidification rate was rescued by PFKFB3 siRNA. Furthermore, silencing of PFKFB3 induced autophagy in HG-treated podocytes through inactivating phosphorylated (p-)mTOR, p-AMPKα, LC3 and sirtuin 1, and activating p62. In conclusion, silencing of PFKFB3 may protect podocytes from HG-induced injury by inducing autophagy. Therefore, PFKFB3 may serve as a potential target for treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengming Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, P.R. China
| | - Qingsheng Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, P.R. China
| | - Jianshi Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Ziyang Bao
- Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, P.R. China
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19
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Fulghum KL, Audam TN, Lorkiewicz PK, Zheng Y, Merchant M, Cummins TD, Dean WL, Cassel TA, Fan TWM, Hill BG. In vivo deep network tracing reveals phosphofructokinase-mediated coordination of biosynthetic pathway activity in the myocardium. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 162:32-42. [PMID: 34487754 PMCID: PMC8766935 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glucose metabolism comprises numerous amphibolic metabolites that provide precursors for not only the synthesis of cellular building blocks but also for ATP production. In this study, we tested how phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1) activity controls the fate of glucose-derived carbon in murine hearts in vivo. PFK1 activity was regulated by cardiac-specific overexpression of kinase- or phosphatase-deficient 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase transgenes in mice (termed GlycoLo or GlycoHi mice, respectively). Dietary delivery of 13C6-glucose to these mice, followed by deep network metabolic tracing, revealed that low rates of PFK1 activity promote selective routing of glucose-derived carbon to the purine synthesis pathway to form 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR). Consistent with a mechanism of physical channeling, we found multimeric protein complexes that contained phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase (PAICS)—an enzyme important for AICAR biosynthesis, as well as chaperone proteins such as Hsp90 and other metabolic enzymes. We also observed that PFK1 influenced glucose-derived carbon deposition in glycogen, but did not affect hexosamine biosynthetic pathway activity. These studies demonstrate the utility of deep network tracing to identify metabolic channeling and changes in biosynthetic pathway activity in the heart in vivo and present new potential mechanisms by which metabolic branchpoint reactions modulate biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle L Fulghum
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America; Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Timothy N Audam
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Pawel K Lorkiewicz
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America; Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Yuting Zheng
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Michael Merchant
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Timothy D Cummins
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - William L Dean
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Teresa A Cassel
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Teresa W M Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Bradford G Hill
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America.
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20
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PFKFB3 Inhibition Impairs Erlotinib-Induced Autophagy in NSCLCs. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071679. [PMID: 34359849 PMCID: PMC8307619 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting the kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), such as erlotinib, have dramatically improved clinical outcomes of patients with EGFR-driven non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs). However, intrinsic or acquired resistance remains a clinical barrier to the success of FDA-approved EGFR TKIs. Multiple mechanisms of resistance have been identified, including the activation of prosurvival autophagy. We have previously shown that the expression and activity of PFKFB3—a known driver of glycolysis—is associated with resistance to erlotinib and that PFKFB3 inhibition improves the response of NSCLC cells to erlotinib. This study focuses on investigating the role of PFKFB3 in regulating erlotinib-driven autophagy to escape resistance to erlotinib. We evaluated the consequence of pharmacological inhibition of PFKFB3 on erlotinib-driven autophagy in NSCLC cells with different mutation statuses. Here, we identify PFKFB3 as a mediator of erlotinib-induced autophagy in NSCLCs. We demonstrate that PFKFB3 inhibition sensitizes NCSLCs to erlotinib via impairing autophagy flux. In summary, our studies uncovered a novel crosstalk between PFKFB3 and EGFR that regulates erlotinib-induced autophagy, thus contributing to erlotinib sensitivity in NSCLCs.
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21
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lncRNA GAS6-AS1 inhibits progression and glucose metabolism reprogramming in LUAD via repressing E2F1-mediated transcription of GLUT1. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 25:11-24. [PMID: 34141461 PMCID: PMC8181633 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucose metabolism reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells, although functional and regulatory mechanisms of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in the contribution of glucose metabolism in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to uncover the role of GAS6-AS1 in the regulation of progression and glucose metabolism in LUAD. We discovered that overexpression of GAS6-AS1 suppressed tumor progression of LUAD both in vitro and in vivo. Metabolism-related assays revealed that GAS6-AS1 inhibited glucose metabolism reprogramming. Mechanically, GAS6-AS1 was found to repress the expression of glucose transporter GLUT1, a key regulator of glucose metabolism. Ectopic expression of GLUT1 restored the inhibition effect of GAS6-AS1 on cancer progression and glucose metabolism reprogramming. Further investigation identified that GAS6-AS1 directly interacted with transcription factor E2F1 and suppressed E2F1-mediated transcription of GLUT1, and GAS6-AS1 was downregulated in LUAD tissues and correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and survival of patients. Taken together, our results identified GAS6-AS1 as a novel tumor suppressor in LUAD and unraveled its underlying molecular mechanism in reprogramming glucose metabolism. GAS6-AS1 potentially may serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in LUAD.
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22
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Rani Y, Kaur K, Sharma M, Kalia N. In silico analysis of SNPs in human phosphofructokinase, muscle (PFKM) gene: An apparent therapeutic target of aerobic glycolysis and cancer. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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23
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Ramaian Santhaseela A, Jayavelu T. Does mTORC1 inhibit autophagy at dual stages?: A possible role of mTORC1 in late-stage autophagy inhibition in addition to its known early-stage autophagy inhibition. Bioessays 2020; 43:e2000187. [PMID: 33165974 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Extensive studies have attributed the lysosomal localization of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) during its activation. However, the exact biological significance of this lysosomal localization of mTORC1 remains ill-defined. Interestingly, findings have shown that localization of the lysosome itself is altered under conditions influencing mTORC1 activity. In this perspective, we hypothesize that the localization of mTORC1 and lysosome could be interconnected in a way that manifests regulation of autophagy that is already under progression at the time of mTORC1 activation. This provides a new possibility for autophagy regulation whose complete mechanistic insights remain to be determined.
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24
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Saftig P, Puertollano R. How Lysosomes Sense, Integrate, and Cope with Stress. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 46:97-112. [PMID: 33012625 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes are in the center of the cellular control of catabolic and anabolic processes. These membrane-surrounded acidic organelles contain around 70 hydrolases, 200 membrane proteins, and numerous accessory proteins associated with the cytosolic surface of lysosomes. Accessory and transmembrane proteins assemble in signaling complexes that sense and integrate multiple signals and transmit the information to the nucleus. This communication allows cells to respond to changes in multiple environmental conditions, including nutrient levels, pathogens, energy availability, and lysosomal damage, with the goal of restoring cellular homeostasis. This review summarizes our current understanding of the major molecular players and known pathways that are involved in control of metabolic and stress responses that either originate from lysosomes or regulate lysosomal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Saftig
- Biochemical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Rosa Puertollano
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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25
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Orozco JM, Krawczyk PA, Scaria SM, Cangelosi AL, Chan SH, Kunchok T, Lewis CA, Sabatini DM. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate signals glucose availability to mTORC1. Nat Metab 2020; 2:893-901. [PMID: 32719541 PMCID: PMC7995735 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-0250-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) kinase regulates cell growth by setting the balance between anabolic and catabolic processes. To be active, mTORC1 requires the environmental presence of amino acids and glucose. While a mechanistic understanding of amino acid sensing by mTORC1 is emerging, how glucose activates mTORC1 remains mysterious. Here, we used metabolically engineered human cells lacking the canonical energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase to identify glucose-derived metabolites required to activate mTORC1 independent of energetic stress. We show that mTORC1 senses a metabolite downstream of the aldolase and upstream of the GAPDH-catalysed steps of glycolysis and pinpoint dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) as the key molecule. In cells expressing a triose kinase, the synthesis of DHAP from DHA is sufficient to activate mTORC1 even in the absence of glucose. DHAP is a precursor for lipid synthesis, a process under the control of mTORC1, which provides a potential rationale for the sensing of DHAP by mTORC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Orozco
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Patrycja A Krawczyk
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sonia M Scaria
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew L Cangelosi
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sze Ham Chan
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tenzin Kunchok
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - David M Sabatini
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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26
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Leprivier G, Rotblat B. How does mTOR sense glucose starvation? AMPK is the usual suspect. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:27. [PMID: 32351714 PMCID: PMC7176732 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-0260-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is a major requirement for biological life. Its concentration is constantly sensed at the cellular level, allowing for adequate responses to any changes of glucose availability. Such responses are mediated by key sensors and signaling pathway components that adapt cellular metabolism to glucose levels. One of the major hubs of these responses is mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase, which forms the mTORC1 and mTORC2 protein complexes. Under physiological glucose concentrations, mTORC1 is activated and stimulates a number of proteins and enzymes involved in anabolic processes, while restricting the autophagic process. Conversely, when glucose levels are low, mTORC1 is inhibited, in turn leading to the repression of numerous anabolic processes, sparing ATP and antioxidants. Understanding how mTORC1 activity is regulated by glucose is not only important to better delineate the biological function of mTOR, but also to highlight potential therapeutic strategies for treating diseases characterized by deregulated glucose availability, as is the case of cancer. In this perspective, we depict the different sensors and upstream proteins responsible of controlling mTORC1 activity in response to changes in glucose concentration. This includes the major energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), as well as other independent players. The impact of such modes of regulation of mTORC1 on cellular processes is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Leprivier
- Institute for Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Barak Rotblat
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105 Israel
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