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Rybak D, Su YC, Li Y, Ding B, Lv X, Li Z, Yeh YC, Nakielski P, Rinoldi C, Pierini F, Dodda JM. Evolution of nanostructured skin patches towards multifunctional wearable platforms for biomedical applications. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:8044-8083. [PMID: 37070933 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00807j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of skin patches have promoted the development of wearable and implantable bioelectronics for long-term, continuous healthcare management and targeted therapy. However, the design of electronic skin (e-skin) patches with stretchable components is still challenging and requires an in-depth understanding of the skin-attachable substrate layer, functional biomaterials and advanced self-powered electronics. In this comprehensive review, we present the evolution of skin patches from functional nanostructured materials to multi-functional and stimuli-responsive patches towards flexible substrates and emerging biomaterials for e-skin patches, including the material selection, structure design and promising applications. Stretchable sensors and self-powered e-skin patches are also discussed, ranging from electrical stimulation for clinical procedures to continuous health monitoring and integrated systems for comprehensive healthcare management. Moreover, an integrated energy harvester with bioelectronics enables the fabrication of self-powered electronic skin patches, which can effectively solve the energy supply and overcome the drawbacks induced by bulky battery-driven devices. However, to realize the full potential offered by these advancements, several challenges must be addressed for next-generation e-skin patches. Finally, future opportunities and positive outlooks are presented on the future directions of bioelectronics. It is believed that innovative material design, structure engineering, and in-depth study of fundamental principles can foster the rapid evolution of electronic skin patches, and eventually enable self-powered close-looped bioelectronic systems to benefit mankind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rybak
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Science, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Yu-Chia Su
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yang Li
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Microelectronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bin Ding
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China.
| | - Xiaoshuang Lv
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhaoling Li
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yi-Cheun Yeh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pawel Nakielski
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Science, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Chiara Rinoldi
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Science, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Filippo Pierini
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Science, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jagan Mohan Dodda
- New Technologies - Research Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
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Kim HJ, Sritandi W, Xiong Z, Ho JS. Bioelectronic devices for light-based diagnostics and therapies. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 4:011304. [PMID: 38505817 PMCID: PMC10903427 DOI: 10.1063/5.0102811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Light has broad applications in medicine as a tool for diagnosis and therapy. Recent advances in optical technology and bioelectronics have opened opportunities for wearable, ingestible, and implantable devices that use light to continuously monitor health and precisely treat diseases. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the development and application of light-based bioelectronic devices. We summarize the key features of the technologies underlying these devices, including light sources, light detectors, energy storage and harvesting, and wireless power and communications. We investigate the current state of bioelectronic devices for the continuous measurement of health and on-demand delivery of therapy. Finally, we highlight major challenges and opportunities associated with light-based bioelectronic devices and discuss their promise for enabling digital forms of health care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weni Sritandi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - John S. Ho
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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