1
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Liu T, Parekh R, Mocny P, Bloom BP, Zhao Y, An SY, Pan B, Yin R, Waldeck DH, Whitacre JF, Matyjaszewski K. Tailored PVDF Graft Copolymers via ATRP as High-Performance NCM811 Cathode Binders. ACS MATERIALS LETTERS 2023; 5:2594-2603. [PMID: 37800127 PMCID: PMC10548467 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.3c00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
High-nickel layered oxides, e.g., LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811), are promising candidates for cathode materials in high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Complementing the notable developments of modification of active materials, this study focused on the polymer binder materials, and a new synthetic route was developed to engineer PVDF binders by covalently grafting copolymers from poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene) (PVDF-CTFE) with multiple functionalities using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The grafted random copolymer binder provided excellent flexibility (319% elongation), adhesion strength (50 times higher than PVDF), transition metal chelation capability, and efficient ionic conductivity pathways. The NCM811 half-cells using the designed binders exhibited a remarkable rate capability of 143.4 mA h g-1 at 4C and cycling stability with 70.1% capacity retention after 230 cycles at 0.5 C, which is much higher than the 52.3% capacity retention of nonmodified PVDF. The well-retained structure of NCM811 with the designed binder was systematically studied and confirmed by post-mortem analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Rohan Parekh
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Piotr Mocny
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Brian P. Bloom
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yuqi Zhao
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - So Young An
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Bonian Pan
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Rongguan Yin
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jay F. Whitacre
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Scott
Institute for Energy Innovation, Carnegie
Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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2
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Zhang Y, van Schayck JP, Pedrazo-Tardajos A, Claes N, Noteborn WEM, Lu PH, Duimel H, Dunin-Borkowski RE, Bals S, Peters PJ, Ravelli RBG. Charging of Vitreous Samples in Cryogenic Electron Microscopy Mitigated by Graphene. ACS NANO 2023; 17:15836-15846. [PMID: 37531407 PMCID: PMC10448747 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Cryogenic electron microscopy can provide high-resolution reconstructions of macromolecules embedded in a thin layer of ice from which atomic models can be built de novo. However, the interaction between the ionizing electron beam and the sample results in beam-induced motion and image distortion, which limit the attainable resolutions. Sample charging is one contributing factor of beam-induced motions and image distortions, which is normally alleviated by including part of the supporting conducting film within the beam-exposed region. However, routine data collection schemes avoid strategies whereby the beam is not in contact with the supporting film, whose rationale is not fully understood. Here we characterize electrostatic charging of vitreous samples, both in imaging and in diffraction mode. We mitigate sample charging by depositing a single layer of conductive graphene on top of regular EM grids. We obtained high-resolution single-particle analysis (SPA) reconstructions at 2 Å when the electron beam only irradiates the middle of the hole on graphene-coated grids, using data collection schemes that previously failed to produce sub 3 Å reconstructions without the graphene layer. We also observe that the SPA data obtained with the graphene-coated grids exhibit a higher b factor and reduced particle movement compared to data obtained without the graphene layer. This mitigation of charging could have broad implications for various EM techniques, including SPA and cryotomography, and for the study of radiation damage and the development of future sample carriers. Furthermore, it may facilitate the exploration of more dose-efficient, scanning transmission EM based SPA techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Maastricht
MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4i), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J. Paul van Schayck
- Maastricht
MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4i), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Adrián Pedrazo-Tardajos
- Electron
Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
- NANOlab
Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Claes
- Electron
Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
- NANOlab
Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Willem E. M. Noteborn
- Netherlands
Centre for Electron Nanoscopy (NeCEN), Leiden
University, 2300 RS Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peng-Han Lu
- Ernst
Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter
Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum
Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Hans Duimel
- Maastricht
MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4i), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski
- Ernst
Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter
Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum
Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Sara Bals
- Electron
Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
- NANOlab
Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter J. Peters
- Maastricht
MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4i), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Raimond B. G. Ravelli
- Maastricht
MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4i), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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3
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Yang D, Ng YXA, Zhang K, Chang Q, Chen J, Liang T, Cheng S, Sun Y, Shen W, Ang EH, Xiang H, Song X. Imaging the Surface/Interface Morphologies Evolution of Silicon Anodes Using in Situ/ Operando Electron Microscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:20583-20602. [PMID: 37087764 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Si-based rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have generated interest as silicon has remarkably high theoretical specific capacity. It is projected that LIBs will meet the increasing need for extensive energy storage systems, electric vehicles, and portable electronics with high energy densities. However, the Si-based LIB has a substantial problem due to the volume cycle variations brought on by Si, which result in severe capacity loss. Making Si-based anodes-enabled high-performance LIBs that are easy to utilize requires an understanding of the fading mechanism. Due to its distinct advantage in morphological changes from microscale to nanoscale, even approaching atomic resolution, electron microscopy is one of the most popular methods. Based on operando electron microscopy characterization, the general comprehension of the fading mechanism and the morphology evolution of Si-based LIBs are debated in this review. The current advancements in compositional and structural interpretation for Si-based LIBs using advanced electron microscopy characterization methods are outlined. The future development trends in pertinent silicon materials characterization methods are also highlighted, along with numerous potential research avenues for Si-based LIBs design and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahai Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Yun Xin Angel Ng
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Kuanxin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Qiang Chang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Junhao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Tong Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Sheng Cheng
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Yi Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Wangqiang Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Edison Huixiang Ang
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Hongfa Xiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Xiaohui Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
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4
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Lei X, Zhao J, Wang J, Su D. Tracking lithiation with transmission electron microscopy. Sci China Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1486-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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5
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Expanding the cryogenic electron microscopy toolbox to reveal diverse classes of battery solid electrolyte interphase. iScience 2022; 25:105689. [PMID: 36582482 PMCID: PMC9792388 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancements in energy storage technologies such as Li-based batteries depend on a deep understanding of the chemical and structural aspects of critical interfaces. Among these, the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) governs how batteries operate yet remains one of the most elusive to characterize due to its rapid degradation under an electron beam and sensitivity to ambient conditions. In recent years, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has emerged as a promising technique to provide atomic-resolution imaging of beam-sensitive battery materials. Distinct SEIs have been discovered with unique chemical compositions and structural features. In this perspective, the role of cryo-EM in uncovering the physicochemical properties of three classes of SEIs (i.e., compact, extended, and indirect SEI) will be defined and discussed. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of new cryo-EM imaging modalities will be provided to highlight directions for the future development of cryo-EM.
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6
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Hao H, Ruiz Pestana L, Qian J, Liu M, Xu Q, Head‐Gordon T. Chemical transformations and transport phenomena at interfaces. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Hao
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley California USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
| | - Luis Ruiz Pestana
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables Florida USA
| | - Jin Qian
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
| | - Meili Liu
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables Florida USA
| | - Qiang Xu
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
| | - Teresa Head‐Gordon
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley California USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Berkeley California USA
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7
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Qing R, Hao S, Smorodina E, Jin D, Zalevsky A, Zhang S. Protein Design: From the Aspect of Water Solubility and Stability. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14085-14179. [PMID: 35921495 PMCID: PMC9523718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Water solubility and structural stability are key merits for proteins defined by the primary sequence and 3D-conformation. Their manipulation represents important aspects of the protein design field that relies on the accurate placement of amino acids and molecular interactions, guided by underlying physiochemical principles. Emulated designer proteins with well-defined properties both fuel the knowledge-base for more precise computational design models and are used in various biomedical and nanotechnological applications. The continuous developments in protein science, increasing computing power, new algorithms, and characterization techniques provide sophisticated toolkits for solubility design beyond guess work. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the protein design field with respect to water solubility and structural stability. After introducing fundamental design rules, we discuss the transmembrane protein solubilization and de novo transmembrane protein design. Traditional strategies to enhance protein solubility and structural stability are introduced. The designs of stable protein complexes and high-order assemblies are covered. Computational methodologies behind these endeavors, including structure prediction programs, machine learning algorithms, and specialty software dedicated to the evaluation of protein solubility and aggregation, are discussed. The findings and opportunities for Cryo-EM are presented. This review provides an overview of significant progress and prospects in accurate protein design for solubility and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qing
- State
Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and
Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Media
Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- The
David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Shilei Hao
- Media
Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Key
Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Eva Smorodina
- Department
of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo
University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | - David Jin
- Avalon GloboCare
Corp., Freehold, New Jersey 07728, United States
| | - Arthur Zalevsky
- Laboratory
of Bioinformatics Approaches in Combinatorial Chemistry and Biology, Shemyakin−Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic
Chemistry RAS, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Shuguang Zhang
- Media
Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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8
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Liu S, Chen J, Su Y, Zheng C, Zhu D, Zhang X, Zhou X, Ouyang R, Huang Q, He Y, Tang L, Li S, Qiu Y, Wang G, Tang Y, Zhang L, Huang Q, Huang J. Exploiting the Iron Difluoride Electrochemistry by Constructing Hierarchical Electron Pathways and Cathode Electrolyte Interface. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202006. [PMID: 35689303 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Conversion-type cathodes such as metal fluorides, especially FeF2 and FeF3 , are potential candidates to replace intercalation cathodes for the next generation of lithium ion batteries. However, the application of iron fluorides is impeded by their poor electronic conductivity, iron/fluorine dissolution, and unstable cathode electrolyte interfaces (CEIs). A facile route to fabricate a mechanical strong electrode with hierarchical electron pathways for FeF2 nanoparticles is reported here. The FeF2 /Li cell demonstrates remarkable cycle performances with a capacity of 300 mAh g-1 after a record long 4500 cycles at 1C. Meanwhile, a record stable high area capacity of over 6 mAh cm-2 is achieved. Furthermore, ultra-high rate capabilities at 20C and 6C for electrodes with low and high mass loading, respectively, are attained. Advanced electron microscopy reveals the formation of stable CEIs. The results demonstrate that the construction of viable electronic connections and favorable CEIs are the key to boost the electrochemical performances of FeF2 cathode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangxu Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Jingzhao Chen
- Clean Nano Energy Center, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China
| | - Yong Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Chuanzuo Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Dingding Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Xuedong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Ren Ouyang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Quanwei Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Yunfei He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Liang Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Qiu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Yongfu Tang
- Clean Nano Energy Center, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Zhang
- Clean Nano Energy Center, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Jianyu Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
- Clean Nano Energy Center, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China
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