1
|
Chang X, Guo Y, Zhang Q, Zheng X, Cui X, Hu J, Zhang Z, Zhang F, Wang X. GRP78 recognizes EV-F 3D protein and activates NF-κB to repress virus replication by interacting with CHUK/IKBKB. J Virol 2024; 98:e0026824. [PMID: 38775480 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00268-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Enteroviruses are the causative agents associated with several human and animal diseases, posing a significant threat to human and animal health. As one of the host immune defense strategies, innate immunity plays a crucial role in defending against invading pathogens, where the host utilizes a variety of mechanisms to inhibit or eliminate the pathogen. Here, we report a new strategy for the host to repress enterovirus replication by the 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), also known as heat shock protein family A member 5 (HSPA5). The GRP78 recognizes the EV-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRPs) 3D protein and interacts with the nuclear factor kappa B kinase complex (CHUK) and subunit beta gene (IKBKB) to facilitate the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB, which induces the production of inflammatory factors and leads to a broad inhibition of enterovirus replication. These findings demonstrate a new role of GRP78 in regulating host innate immunity in response to viral infection and provide new insights into the mechanism underlying enterovirus replication and NF-κB activation.IMPORTANCEGRP78 is known as a molecular chaperone for protein folding and plays a critical role in maintaining protein folding and participating in cell proliferation, cell survival, apoptosis, and metabolism. However, the functions of GRP78 to participate in enterovirus genome replication and innate immune responses are rarely documented. In this study, we explored the functions of the EV-3D-interacting protein GRP78 and found that GRP78 inhibits enterovirus replication by activating NF-κB through binding to EV-F 3D and interacting with the NF-κB signaling molecules CHUK/IKBKB. This is the first report that GRP78 interacts with CHUK/IKBKB to activate the NF-κB signaling pathway, which leads to the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines and inhibition of enterovirus replication. These results demonstrate a unique mechanism of virus replication regulation by GRP78 and provide insights into the prevention and treatment of viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Chang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yidi Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuebo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuyuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junying Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma M, Jiang W, Zhou R. DAMPs and DAMP-sensing receptors in inflammation and diseases. Immunity 2024; 57:752-771. [PMID: 38599169 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous danger molecules produced in cellular damage or stress, and they can activate the innate immune system. DAMPs contain multiple types of molecules, including nucleic acids, proteins, ions, glycans, and metabolites. Although these endogenous molecules do not trigger immune response under steady-state condition, they may undergo changes in distribution, physical or chemical property, or concentration upon cellular damage or stress, and then they become DAMPs that can be sensed by innate immune receptors to induce inflammatory response. Thus, DAMPs play an important role in inflammation and inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarize the conversion of homeostatic molecules into DAMPs; the diverse nature and classification, cellular origin, and sensing of DAMPs; and their role in inflammation and related diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the clinical strategies to treat DAMP-associated diseases via targeting DAMP-sensing receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Rongbin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China; Department of Geriatrics, Gerontology Institute of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lee GH, Lee HY, Lim YJ, Kim JH, Jung SJ, Jung ES, Chae SW, Lee J, Lim J, Rashid MMU, Min KH, Chae HJ. Angelica gigas extract inhibits acetylation of eNOS via IRE1α sulfonation/RIDD-SIRT1-mediated posttranslational modification in vascular dysfunction. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:13608-13627. [PMID: 38095615 PMCID: PMC10756119 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Angelica gigas NAKAI (AG) is a popular traditional medicinal herb widely used to treat dyslipidemia owing to its antioxidant activity. Vascular disease is intimately linked to obesity-induced metabolic syndrome, and AG extract (AGE) shows beneficial effects on obesity-associated vascular dysfunction. However, the effectiveness of AGE against obesity and its underlying mechanisms have not yet been extensively investigated. In this study, 40 high fat diet (HFD) rats were supplemented with 100-300 mg/kg/day of AGE to determine its efficacy in regulating vascular dysfunction. The vascular relaxation responses to acetylcholine were impaired in HFD rats, while the administration of AGE restored the diminished relaxation pattern. Endothelial dysfunction, including increased plaque area, accumulated reactive oxygen species, and decreased nitric oxide (NO) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) Ser1177 phosphorylation, were observed in HFD rats, whereas AGE reversed endothelial dysfunction and its associated biochemical signaling. Furthermore, AGE regulated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and IRE1α sulfonation and its subsequent sirt1 RNA decay through controlling regulated IRE1α-dependent decay (RIDD) signaling, ultimately promoting NO bioavailability via the SIRT1-eNOS axis in aorta and endothelial cells. Independently, AGE enhanced AMPK phosphorylation, additionally stimulating SIRT1 and eNOS deacetylation and its associated NO bioavailability. Decursin, a prominent constituent of AGE, exhibited a similar effect in alleviating endothelial dysfunctions. These data suggest that AGE regulates dyslipidemia-associated vascular dysfunction by controlling ROS-associated ER stress responses, especially IRE1α-RIDD/sirt1 decay and the AMPK-SIRT1 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geum-Hwa Lee
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Lee
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Je Lim
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Kim
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Jung
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods (CTCF2), Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Soo Jung
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods (CTCF2), Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Wan Chae
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods (CTCF2), Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Juwon Lee
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Lim
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Mamun Ur Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Min
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ottens F, Efstathiou S, Hoppe T. Cutting through the stress: RNA decay pathways at the endoplasmic reticulum. Trends Cell Biol 2023:S0962-8924(23)00236-2. [PMID: 38008608 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is central to the processing of luminal, transmembrane, and secretory proteins, and maintaining a functional ER is essential for organismal physiology and health. Increased protein-folding load on the ER causes ER stress, which activates quality control mechanisms to restore ER function and protein homeostasis. Beyond protein quality control, mRNA decay pathways have emerged as potent ER fidelity regulators, but their mechanistic roles in ER quality control and their interrelationships remain incompletely understood. Herein, we review ER-associated RNA decay pathways - including regulated inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α)-dependent mRNA decay (RIDD), nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), and Argonaute-dependent RNA silencing - in ER homeostasis, and highlight the intricate coordination of ER-targeted RNA and protein decay mechanisms and their association with antiviral defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Ottens
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sotirios Efstathiou
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Hoppe
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang K, Zhang J, Yang Y, Si Y, Zhou Z, Zhu X, Wu S, Liu H, Zhang H, Zhang L, Cheng L, Ye W, Lv X, Lei Y, Zhang X, Cheng S, Shen L, Zhang F, Ma H. STING strengthens host anti-hantaviral immunity through an interferon-independent pathway. Virol Sin 2023; 38:568-584. [PMID: 37355006 PMCID: PMC10436061 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaan virus (HTNV), the prototype virus of hantavirus, could escape innate immunity by restraining type I interferon (IFN) responses. It is largely unknown whether there existed other efficient anti-hantaviral tactics in host cells. Here, we demonstrate that the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) strengthens the host IFN-independent anti-hantaviral immunity. HTNV infection activates RIG-I through IRE1-XBP 1-mediated ER stress, which further facilitates the subcellular translocation and activation of STING. During this process, STING triggers cellular autophagy by interacting with Rab7A, thus restricting viral replication. To note, the anti-hantaviral effects of STING are independent of canonical IFN signaling. Additionally, neither application of the pharmacological antagonist nor the agonist targeting STING could improve the outcomes of nude mice post HTNV challenge in vivo. However, the administration of plasmids exogenously expressing the mutant C-terminal tail (ΔCTT) STING, which would not trigger the type I IFN responses, protected the nude mice from lethal HTNV infection. In summary, our research revealed a novel antiviral pathway through the RIG-I-STING-autophagy pathway, which offered novel therapeutic strategies against hantavirus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yongheng Yang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yue Si
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ziqing Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; College of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China
| | - Sushan Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Linfeng Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yingfeng Lei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xijing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shilin Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Lixin Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Fanglin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yiang GT, Wu CC, Lu CL, Hu WC, Tsai YJ, Huang YM, Su WL, Lu KC. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Elderly Patients with COVID-19: Potential of Melatonin Treatment. Viruses 2023; 15:156. [PMID: 36680196 PMCID: PMC9863214 DOI: 10.3390/v15010156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging processes, including immunosenescence, inflammation, inflammasome formation, genomic instability, telomeric attrition, and altered autophagy, are involved in viral infections and they may contribute to increased pathophysiological responses to the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the elderly; this poses additional risks of accelerated aging, which could be found even after recovery. Aging is associated with oxidative damage. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 infections may increase the production of reactive oxygen species and such infections will disturb the Ca++ balance via an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated unfolded protein response. Although vaccine development and anti-inflammation therapy lower the severity of COVID-19, the prevalence and mortality rates are still alarming in some countries worldwide. In this review, we describe the involvement of viral proteins in activating ER stress transducers and their downstream signals and in inducing inflammation and inflammasome formation. Furthermore, we propose the potential of melatonin as an ER stress modulator, owing to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory effects in viral infections. Considering its strong safety profile, we suggest that additive melatonin supplementation in the elderly could be beneficial in treating COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giou-Teng Yiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei 231, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chao Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lin Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24352, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chung Hu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei 231, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 243, Taiwan
| | - Yiao-Mien Huang
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei 231, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lin Su
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei 231, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24352, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei 231, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen L, Bi M, Zhang Z, Du X, Chen X, Jiao Q, Jiang H. The functions of IRE1α in neurodegenerative diseases: Beyond ER stress. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101774. [PMID: 36332756 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 α (IRE1α) is a type I transmembrane protein that resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). IRE1α, which is the primary sensor of ER stress, has been proven to maintain intracellular protein homeostasis by activating X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1). Further studies have revealed novel physiological functions of the IRE1α, such as its roles in mRNA and protein degradation, inflammation, immunity, cell proliferation and cell death. Therefore, the function of IRE1α is not limited to its role in ER stress; IRE1α is also important for regulating other processes related to cellular physiology. Furthermore, IRE1α plays a key role in neurodegenerative diseases that are caused by the phosphorylation of Tau protein, the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) and the toxic effects of mutant Huntingtin (mHtt). Therefore, targeting IRE1α is a valuable approach for treating neurodegenerative diseases and regulating cell functions. This review discusses the role of IRE1α in different cellular processes, and emphasizes the importance of IRE1α in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mingxia Bi
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xixun Du
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Jiao
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Colombini B, Dinu M, Murgo E, Lotti S, Tarquini R, Sofi F, Mazzoccoli G. Ageing and Low-Level Chronic Inflammation: The Role of the Biological Clock. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2228. [PMID: 36421414 PMCID: PMC9686908 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a multifactorial physiological manifestation that occurs inexorably and gradually in all forms of life. This process is linked to the decay of homeostasis due to the progressive decrease in the reparative and regenerative capacity of tissues and organs, with reduced physiological reserve in response to stress. Ageing is closely related to oxidative damage and involves immunosenescence and tissue impairment or metabolic imbalances that trigger inflammation and inflammasome formation. One of the main ageing-related alterations is the dysregulation of the immune response, which results in chronic low-level, systemic inflammation, termed "inflammaging". Genetic and epigenetic changes, as well as environmental factors, promote and/or modulate the mechanisms of ageing at the molecular, cellular, organ, and system levels. Most of these mechanisms are characterized by time-dependent patterns of variation driven by the biological clock. In this review, we describe the involvement of ageing-related processes with inflammation in relation to the functioning of the biological clock and the mechanisms operating this intricate interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Colombini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Dinu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuele Murgo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Sofia Lotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Tarquini
- Division of Internal Medicine I, San Giuseppe Hospital, 50053 Empoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Sofi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li W, Jin K, Luo J, Xu W, Wu Y, Zhou J, Wang Y, Xu R, Jiao L, Wang T, Yang G. NF-κB and its crosstalk with endoplasmic reticulum stress in atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:988266. [PMID: 36204587 PMCID: PMC9530249 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.988266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common cardiovascular disease with complex pathogenesis, in which multiple pathways and their interweaving regulatory mechanism remain unclear. The primary transcription factor NF-κB plays a critical role in AS via modulating the expression of a series of inflammatory mediators under various stimuli such as cytokines, microbial antigens, and intracellular stresses. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, caused by the disrupted synthesis and secretion of protein, links inflammation, metabolic signals, and other cellular processes via the unfolded protein response (UPR). Both NF-κB and ER stress share the intersection regarding their molecular regulation and function and are regarded as critical individual contributors to AS. In this review, we summarize the multiple interactions between NF-κB and ER stress activation, including the UPR, NLRP3 inflammasome, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which have been ignored in the pathogenesis of AS. Given the multiple links between NF-κB and ER stress, we speculate that the integrated network contributes to the understanding of molecular mechanisms of AS. This review aims to provide an insight into these interactions and their underlying roles in the progression of AS, highlighting potential pharmacological targets against the atherosclerotic inflammatory process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kehan Jin
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jichang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Wu
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liqun Jiao,
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
- Tao Wang,
| | - Ge Yang
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Tao Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ding D, Mou D, Zhu H, Jiang X, Che L, Fang Z, Xu S, Lin Y, Zhuo Y, Li J, Huang C, Zou Y, Li L, Wu D, Feng B. Maternal Organic Selenium Supplementation Relieves Intestinal Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Piglets by Enhancing the Expression of Glutathione Peroxidase 4 and Selenoprotein S. Front Nutr 2022; 9:900421. [PMID: 35600832 PMCID: PMC9121856 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.900421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which can be induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and multiple factors, is associated with numerous intestinal diseases. The organic selenium source 2-hydroxy-4-methylselenobutanoic acid (HMSeBA), has been proved to decrease intestinal inflammation and autophagy by improving the expression of selenoproteins. However, it remains unclear whether HMSeBA could alleviate intestinal ER stress by decreasing excessive production of ROS products. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of maternal HMSeBA supplementation on the regulation of intestinal ER stress of their offspring and the regulatory mechanism. Sows were supplemented with HMSeBA during gestation and jejunal epithelial (IPEC-J2) cells were treatment with HMSeBA. Results showed that maternal HMSeBA supplementation significantly upregulated mRNA level of selenoprotein S (SELS) in the jejunum of newborn and weaned piglets compared with the control group, while decreased the gene expression and protein abundance of ER stress markers in the jejunum of LPS challenged weaned piglets. In addition, HMSeBA treatment significantly increased the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and SELS, while decreased ROS level and the expression of ER stress markers induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in IPEC-J2 cells. Furthermore, knockdown of GPX4 did not enhance the ERS signal induced by H2O2, but the lack of GPX4 would cause further deterioration of ER stress signal in the absence of SELS. In conclusion, maternal HMSeBA supplementation might alleviate ROS induced intestinal ER stress by improving the expression of SELS and GPX4 in their offspring. Thus, maternal HMSeBA supplementation might be benefit for the intestinal health of their offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dajiang Ding
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daolin Mou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Heng Zhu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengfeng Fang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengyu Xu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Zhuo
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lixia Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - De Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu J, Zhang Z, Teng Z, Abdullah SW, Sun S, Guo H. Sec62 Regulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy Balance to Affect Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Replication. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:707107. [PMID: 34532300 PMCID: PMC8438241 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.707107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced autophagy is closely associated with viral infection and propagation. However, the intrinsic link between ER stress, autophagy, and viral replication during foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection is not fully elucidated. Our previous studies demonstrated that FMDV infection activated the ER stress-associated UPR of the PERK-eIF2a and ATF6 signaling pathway, whereas the IRE1a signaling was suppressed. We found that the activated-ATF6 pathway participated in FMDV-induced autophagy and FMDV replication, while the IRE1α pathway only affected FMDV replication. Further studies indicated that Sec62 was greatly reduced in the later stages of FMDV infection and blocked the activation of the autophagy-related IRE1α-JNK pathway. Moreover, it was also found that Sec62 promoted IRE1a phosphorylation and negatively regulated FMDV proliferation. Importantly, Sec62 may interact with LC3 to regulate ER stress and autophagy balance and eventually contribute to FMDV clearance via fusing with lysosomes. Altogether, these results suggest that Sec62 is a critical molecule in maintaining and recovering ER homeostasis by activating the IRE1α-JNK pathway and delivering autophagosome into the lysosome, thus providing new insights on FMDV-host interactions and novel antiviral therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin'en Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhidong Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sahibzada Waheed Abdullah
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huichen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Scoles DR, Dansithong W, Pflieger LT, Paul S, Gandelman M, Figueroa KP, Rigo F, Bennett CF, Pulst SM. ALS-associated genes in SCA2 mouse spinal cord transcriptomes. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:1658-1672. [PMID: 32307524 PMCID: PMC7322574 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) gene ATXN2 has a prominent role in the pathogenesis and treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In addition to cerebellar ataxia, motor neuron disease is often seen in SCA2, and ATXN2 CAG repeat expansions in the long normal range increase ALS risk. Also, lowering ATXN2 expression in TDP-43 ALS mice prolongs their survival. Here we investigated the ATXN2 relationship with motor neuron dysfunction in vivo by comparing spinal cord (SC) transcriptomes reported from TDP-43 and SOD1 ALS mice and ALS patients with those from SCA2 mice. SC transcriptomes were determined using an SCA2 bacterial artificial chromosome mouse model expressing polyglutamine expanded ATXN2. SCA2 cerebellar transcriptomes were also determined, and we also investigated the modification of gene expression following treatment of SCA2 mice with an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) lowering ATXN2 expression. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) defined three interconnected pathways (innate immunity, fatty acid biosynthesis and cholesterol biosynthesis) in separate modules identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Other key pathways included the complement system and lysosome/phagosome pathways. Of all DEGs in SC, 12.6% were also dysregulated in the cerebellum. Treatment of mice with an ATXN2 ASO also modified innate immunity, the complement system and lysosome/phagosome pathways. This study provides new insights into the underlying molecular basis of SCA2 SC phenotypes and demonstrates annotated pathways shared with TDP-43 and SOD1 ALS mice and ALS patients. It also emphasizes the importance of ATXN2 in motor neuron degeneration and confirms ATXN2 as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Scoles
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Drive East, 5th Floor, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Warunee Dansithong
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Drive East, 5th Floor, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Lance T Pflieger
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Drive East, 5th Floor, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, 421 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Sharan Paul
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Drive East, 5th Floor, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Mandi Gandelman
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Drive East, 5th Floor, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Karla P Figueroa
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Drive East, 5th Floor, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Frank Rigo
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, 2855 Gazelle Court, Carlsbad, CA 92010, USA
| | - C Frank Bennett
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, 2855 Gazelle Court, Carlsbad, CA 92010, USA
| | - Stefan M Pulst
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Drive East, 5th Floor, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Prasad V, Greber UF. The endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response - homeostasis, cell death and evolution in virus infections. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:6188392. [PMID: 33765123 PMCID: PMC8498563 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuab016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses elicit cell and organismic stress, and offset homeostasis. They trigger intrinsic, innate and adaptive immune responses, which limit infection. Viruses restore homeostasis by harnessing evolutionary conserved stress responses, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) unfolded protein response (UPRER). The canonical UPRER restores homeostasis based on a cell-autonomous signalling network modulating transcriptional and translational output. The UPRER remedies cell damage, but upon severe and chronic stress leads to cell death. Signals from the UPRER flow along three branches with distinct stress sensors, the inositol requiring enzyme (Ire) 1, protein kinase R (PKR)-like ER kinase (PERK), and the activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). This review shows how both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses use the UPRER to control cell stress and metabolic pathways, and thereby enhance infection and progeny formation, or undergo cell death. We highlight how the Ire1 axis bypasses apoptosis, boosts viral transcription and maintains dormant viral genomes during latency and persistence periods concurrent with long term survival of infected cells. These considerations open new options for oncolytic virus therapies against cancer cells where the UPRER is frequently upregulated. We conclude with a discussion of the evolutionary impact that viruses, in particular retroviruses, and anti-viral defense has on the UPRER.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vibhu Prasad
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs F Greber
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chattopadhyay P, Srinivasa Vasudevan J, Pandey R. Noncoding RNAs: modulators and modulatable players during infection-induced stress response. Brief Funct Genomics 2021; 20:28-41. [PMID: 33491070 PMCID: PMC7929421 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The human genome has an almost equal distribution of unique and transposable genetic elements. Although at the transcriptome level, a relatively higher contribution from transposable elements derived RNA has been reported. This is further highlighted with evidence from pervasive transcription. Of the total RNA, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are significant contributors to the transcriptome pool with sizeable fraction from repetitive elements of the human genome, inclusive of Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements (LINEs) and Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINEs). ncRNAs are increasingly being implicated in diverse functional roles especially during conditions of stress. These stress responses are driven through diverse mediators, inclusive of long and short ncRNAs. ncRNAs such as MALAT1, GAS5, miR-204 and miR-199a-5p have been functionally involved during oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). Also, within SINEs, Alu RNAs derived from primate-specific Alu repeats with ~11% human genome contribution, playing a significant role. Pathogenic diseases, including the recent COVID-19, leads to differential regulation of ncRNAs. Although, limited evidence suggests the need for an inquest into the role of ncRNAs in determining the host response towards pathogen challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rajesh Pandey
- Corresponding author: Rajesh Pandey, INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory. CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), North Campus, Near Jubilee Hall, Mall Road, Delhi-110007, India. Tel.: +91 9811029551; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Goulding LV, Yang J, Jiang Z, Zhang H, Lea D, Emes RD, Dottorini T, Pu J, Liu J, Chang KC. Thapsigargin at Non-Cytotoxic Levels Induces a Potent Host Antiviral Response that Blocks Influenza A Virus Replication. Viruses 2020; 12:v12101093. [PMID: 32992478 PMCID: PMC7600819 DOI: 10.3390/v12101093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus is a major global pathogen of humans, and there is an unmet need for effective antivirals. Current antivirals against influenza A virus directly target the virus and are vulnerable to mutational resistance. Harnessing an effective host antiviral response is an attractive alternative. We show that brief exposure to low, non-toxic doses of thapsigargin (TG), an inhibitor of the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ ATPase pump, promptly elicits an extended antiviral state that dramatically blocks influenza A virus production. Crucially, oral administration of TG protected mice against lethal virus infection and reduced virus titres in the lungs of treated mice. TG-induced ER stress unfolded protein response appears as a key driver responsible for activating a spectrum of host antiviral defences that include an enhanced type I/III interferon response. Our findings suggest that TG is potentially a viable host-centric antiviral for the treatment of influenza A virus infection without the inherent problem of drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah V. Goulding
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; (L.V.G.); (J.Y.); (R.D.E.); (T.D.)
| | - Jiayun Yang
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; (L.V.G.); (J.Y.); (R.D.E.); (T.D.)
| | - Zhimin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.J.); (H.Z.); (J.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.J.); (H.Z.); (J.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Daniel Lea
- Advanced Data Analysis Centre, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK;
| | - Richard D. Emes
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; (L.V.G.); (J.Y.); (R.D.E.); (T.D.)
- Advanced Data Analysis Centre, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK;
| | - Tania Dottorini
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; (L.V.G.); (J.Y.); (R.D.E.); (T.D.)
| | - Juan Pu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.J.); (H.Z.); (J.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Jinhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.J.); (H.Z.); (J.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Kin-Chow Chang
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; (L.V.G.); (J.Y.); (R.D.E.); (T.D.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Crosstalk between ER stress, NLRP3 inflammasome, and inflammation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:6129-6140. [PMID: 32447438 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10614-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is a protective response to restore protein homeostasis by activating the unfolded protein response (UPR). However, UPR can trigger cell death under severe and/or persistently high ERS. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a complex of multiple proteins that activates the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in a caspase-1-dependent manner to participate in the regulation of inflammation. The NLRP3 inflammasome involvement in ERS-induced inflammation has not been completely described. The intersection of ERS with multiple inflammatory pathways can initiate and aggravate chronic diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that ERS-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is the pathological basis of various inflammatory diseases. In this review, we have discussed the networks between ERS and NLRP3 inflammasome, with the view to identifying novel therapeutic targets in inflammatory diseases. KEY POINTS: • Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is an important factor for the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasomes that results in pathological processes. • ERS can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome to induce inflammatory responses via oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and NF-κB activation. • The interactions between ERS and NLRP3 inflammasome are associated with inflammation, which represent a potential therapeutic opportunity of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
17
|
Riaz TA, Junjappa RP, Handigund M, Ferdous J, Kim HR, Chae HJ. Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Sensor IRE1α in Cellular Physiology, Calcium, ROS Signaling, and Metaflammation. Cells 2020; 9:E1160. [PMID: 32397116 PMCID: PMC7290600 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase endoribonuclease-1α (IRE1α) is the most prominent and evolutionarily conserved unfolded protein response (UPR) signal transducer during endoplasmic reticulum functional upset (ER stress). A IRE1α signal pathway arbitrates yin and yang of cellular fate in objectionable conditions. It plays several roles in fundamental cellular physiology as well as in several pathological conditions such as diabetes, obesity, inflammation, cancer, neurodegeneration, and in many other diseases. Thus, further understanding of its molecular structure and mechanism of action during different cell insults helps in designing and developing better therapeutic strategies for the above-mentioned chronic diseases. In this review, recent insights into structure and mechanism of activation of IRE1α along with its complex regulating network were discussed in relation to their basic cellular physiological function. Addressing different binding partners that can modulate IRE1α function, UPRosome triggers different downstream pathways depending on the cellular backdrop. Furthermore, IRE1α are in normal cell activities outside the dominion of ER stress and activities under the weather of inflammation, diabetes, and obesity-related metaflammation. Thus, IRE1 as an ER stress sensor needs to be understood from a wider perspective for comprehensive functional meaning, which facilitates us with assembling future needs and therapeutic benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thoufiqul Alam Riaz
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (T.A.R.); (R.P.J.)
| | - Raghu Patil Junjappa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (T.A.R.); (R.P.J.)
| | - Mallikarjun Handigund
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Jannatul Ferdous
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (T.A.R.); (R.P.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Di Marco T, Bianchi F, Sfondrini L, Todoerti K, Bongarzone I, Maffioli EM, Tedeschi G, Mazzoni M, Pagliardini S, Pellegrini S, Neri A, Anania MC, Greco A. COPZ1 depletion in thyroid tumor cells triggers type I IFN response and immunogenic cell death. Cancer Lett 2020; 476:106-119. [PMID: 32061953 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The coatomer protein complex zeta 1 (COPZ1) represents a non-oncogene addiction for thyroid cancer (TC); its depletion impairs the viability of thyroid tumor cells, leads to abortive autophagy, ER stress, UPR and apoptosis, and reduces tumor growth of TC xenograft models. In this study we investigated the molecular pathways activated by COPZ1 depletion and the paracrine effects on cellular microenvironment and immune response. By comprehensive and target approaches we demonstrated that COPZ1 depletion in TPC-1 and 8505C thyroid tumor cell lines activates type I IFN pathway and viral mimicry responses. The secretome from COPZ1-depleted cells was enriched for several inflammatory molecules and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Moreover, we found that dendritic cells, exposed to these secretomes, expressed high levels of differentiation and maturation markers, and stimulated the proliferation of naïve T cells. Interestingly, T cells stimulated with COPZ1-depleted cells showed increased cytotoxic activity against parental tumor cells. Collectively, our findings support the notion that targeting COPZ1 may represent a promising therapeutic approach for TC, considering its specificity for cancer cells, the lack of effect on normal cells, and the capacity to prompt an anti-tumor immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Di Marco
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesca Bianchi
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Lucia Sfondrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per La Salute, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli, 31, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Katia Todoerti
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Italia Bongarzone
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 10, 20133, Milan, Italy; Fondazione Filarete, Via Celoria, 10, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Mara Mazzoni
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sonia Pagliardini
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sandra Pellegrini
- Institut Pasteur, Unit of Cytokine Signaling, Inserm U1221, 75724, Paris, France.
| | - Antonino Neri
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Chiara Anania
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Angela Greco
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Studencka-Turski M, Çetin G, Junker H, Ebstein F, Krüger E. Molecular Insight Into the IRE1α-Mediated Type I Interferon Response Induced by Proteasome Impairment in Myeloid Cells of the Brain. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2900. [PMID: 31921161 PMCID: PMC6932173 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteostasis is critical for cells to maintain the balance between protein synthesis, quality control, and degradation. This is particularly important for myeloid cells of the central nervous system as their immunological function relies on proper intracellular protein turnover by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Accordingly, disruption of proteasome activity due to, e.g., loss-of-function mutations within genes encoding proteasome subunits, results in systemic autoinflammation. On the molecular level, pharmacological inhibition of proteasome results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-activated unfolded protein response (UPR) as well as an induction of type I interferons (IFN). Nevertheless, our understanding as to whether and to which extent UPR signaling regulates type I IFN response is limited. To address this issue, we have tested the effects of proteasome dysfunction upon treatment with proteasome inhibitors in primary murine microglia and microglia-like cell line BV-2. Our data show that proteasome impairment by bortezomib is a stimulus that activates all three intracellular ER-stress transducers activation transcription factor 6, protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase and inositol-requiring protein 1 alpha (IRE1α), causing a full activation of the UPR. We further demonstrate that impaired proteasome activity in microglia cells triggers an induction of IFNβ1 in an IRE1-dependent manner. An inhibition of the IRE1 endoribonuclease activity significantly attenuates TANK-binding kinase 1-mediated activation of type I IFN. Moreover, interfering with TANK-binding kinase 1 activity also compromised the expression of C/EBP homologous protein 10, thereby emphasizing a multilayered interplay between UPR and type IFN response pathway. Interestingly, the induced protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase-activation transcription factor 4-C/EBP homologous protein 10 and IRE1-X-box-binding protein 1 axes caused a significant upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 expression that exacerbates STAT1/STAT3 signaling in cells with dysfunctional proteasomes. Altogether, these findings indicate that proteasome impairment disrupts ER homeostasis and triggers a complex interchange between ER-stress sensors and type I IFN signaling, thus inducing in myeloid cells a state of chronic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Studencka-Turski
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gonca Çetin
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Heike Junker
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frédéric Ebstein
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elke Krüger
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Duvigneau JC, Luís A, Gorman AM, Samali A, Kaltenecker D, Moriggl R, Kozlov AV. Crosstalk between inflammatory mediators and endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver diseases. Cytokine 2019; 124:154577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
21
|
Imai J, Otani M, Sakai T. Distinct Subcellular Compartments of Dendritic Cells Used for Cross-Presentation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225606. [PMID: 31717517 PMCID: PMC6888166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) present exogenous protein-derived peptides on major histocompatibility complex class I molecules to prime naïve CD8+ T cells. This DC specific ability, called cross-presentation (CP), is important for the activation of cell-mediated immunity and the induction of self-tolerance. Recent research revealed that endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), which was first identified as a part of the unfolded protein response—a quality control system in the ER—plays a pivotal role in the processing of exogenous proteins in CP. Moreover, DCs express a variety of immuno-modulatory molecules and cytokines to regulate T cell activation in response to the environment. Although both CP and immuno-modulation are indispensable, contrasting ER conditions are required for their correct activity. Since ERAD substrates are unfolded proteins, their accumulation may result in ER stress, impaired cell homeostasis, and eventually apoptosis. In contrast, activation of the unfolded protein response should be inhibited for DCs to express immuno-modulatory molecules and cytokines. Here, we review recent advances on antigen CP, focusing on intracellular transport routes for exogenous antigens and distinctive subcellular compartments involved in ERAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Imai
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-27-352-1180
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Go D, Lee J, Choi JA, Cho SN, Kim SH, Son SH, Song CH. Reactive oxygen species-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress response induces apoptosis of Mycobacterium avium-infected macrophages by activating regulated IRE1-dependent decay pathway. Cell Microbiol 2019; 21:e13094. [PMID: 31386788 PMCID: PMC6899680 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium, a slow‐growing nontuberculous mycobacterium, causes fever, diarrhoea, loss of appetite, and weight loss in immunocompromised people. We have proposed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐mediated apoptosis plays a critical role in removing intracellular mycobacteria. In the present study, we investigated the role of the regulated IRE1‐dependent decay (RIDD) pathway in macrophages during M. avium infection based on its role in the regulation of gene expression. The inositol‐requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)/apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)/c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) signalling pathway was activated in macrophages after infection with M. avium. The expression of RIDD‐associated genes, such as Bloc1s1 and St3gal5, was decreased in M. avium‐infected macrophages. Interestingly, M. avium‐induced apoptosis was significantly suppressed by pretreatment with irestatin (inhibitor of IRE1α) and 4μ8c (RIDD blocker). Macrophages pretreated with N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC) showed decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), IRE1α, and apoptosis after M. avium infection. The expression of Bloc1s1 and St3gal5 was increased in NAC‐pretreated macrophages following infection with M. avium. Growth of M. avium was significantly increased in irestatin‐, 4μ8c‐, and NAC‐treated macrophages compared with the control. The data indicate that the ROS‐mediated ER stress response induces apoptosis of M. avium‐infected macrophages by activating IRE1α‐RIDD. Thus, activation of IRE1α suppresses the intracellular survival of M. avium in macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dam Go
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Junghwan Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Choi
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Soo-Na Cho
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seon-Hwa Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Son
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hwa Song
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Han S, Mao L, Liao Y, Sun S, Zhang Z, Mo Y, Liu H, Zhi X, Lin S, Seo HS, Guo H. Sec62 Suppresses Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Proliferation by Promotion of IRE1α-RIG-I Antiviral Signaling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:429-440. [PMID: 31167774 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is highly infectious and causes a major plague in animal farming. Unfolded protein response is one of the major cellular responses to pathogenic infections, which performs a crucial role in cell survival, apoptosis, and antiviral innate immune response. In this study, we showed that FMDV infection activated two unfolded protein response branches (PERK-eIF2α and ATF6 signaling) in both baby hamster kidney cells (BHK-21) and porcine kidney (PK-15) cells, whereas it suppressed the IRE1α-XBP1 signaling by decreasing IRE1α level. Further study revealed IRE1α signaling as an important antiviral innate immune mechanism against FMDV. Sec62, the transport protein, was greatly decreased at the late stages of FMDV infection. By overexpression and knockdown study, we also found that the expression of Sec62 was positively involved in the levels of IRE1α and RIG-I and subsequent activation of downstream antiviral signaling pathways in FMDV-infected PK-15 cells. Taken together, our study demonstrates that Sec62 is an important antiviral factor that upregulates IRE1α-RIG-I-dependent antiviral innate immune responses, and FMDV evades antiviral host defense mechanism by downregulating Sec62-IRE1α/RIG-I.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shichong Han
- World Organisation for Animal Health-China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lejiao Mao
- World Organisation for Animal Health-China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liao
- Department of Avian Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Shiqi Sun
- World Organisation for Animal Health-China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- World Organisation for Animal Health-China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxia Mo
- World Organisation for Animal Health-China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyun Liu
- World Organisation for Animal Health-China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Zhi
- World Organisation for Animal Health-China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunmei Lin
- Biotechnology Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Seong Seo
- Biotechnology Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Huichen Guo
- World Organisation for Animal Health-China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China;
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dai F, Dong S, Rong Z, Xuan Q, Chen P, Chen M, Fan Y, Gao Q. Expression of inositol-requiring enzyme 1β is downregulated in azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-induced mouse colonic tumors. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3181-3188. [PMID: 30936991 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a risk factor in colon cancer. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with IBD and cancer. In the current study an azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse colonic tumor model was established to analyze the expression of ER stress chaperone molecules. Female C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with 12 mg/kg AOM. On the 7th day following AOM injection, mice were treated with 1% DSS supplemented to the drinking water for 7 days, then followed by 14 days of normal drinking water. The cycle of 7 days DSS plus 14 days normal water was repeated twice and colonic tumors were evaluated for their number and size. Mice in the control group were injected with saline and received normal drinking water for the course of the experiment. mRNA levels of cytokines, inositol-requiring enzyme (IRE)1α and 1β, their downstream targets X-box binding protein (XBP)1u, XBP1s and mucin (MUC) 2 and interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. IRE1α, IRE1β and MUC2 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and IRE1α and IRE1β levels were further assessed by western blot analysis. It was observed that tumors developed in the distal colon of mice treated with AOM/DSS. IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α mRNA levels were significantly increased in mice of the tumor group compared with mice of the control group. There were no significant differences in IRE1α mRNA and protein expression between the two groups and XBP1s mRNA levels were increased in the tumor compared with the control group. IRE1β and MUC2 mRNA levels were significantly decreased in the tumor compared with the control group (decreased by 42 and 30%, respectively). IRE1β and MUC2 proteins were predominately expressed in colonic epithelial cells and expression was decreased in the tumor compared with the control group. In conclusion, the downregulation of IRE1β and MUC2 may reduce the ability of colon tissues to resist inflammation, thus promoting the occurrence and development of colonic tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faliang Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China.,Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China.,Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Oncology, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, Shandong 274400, P.R. China
| | - Shizhen Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Rong
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Oncology, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, Shandong 274400, P.R. China
| | - Qingxia Xuan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China.,Department of Ultrasound, Women and Children Health Care Center of Luoyang, Luoyang, Henan 471000, P.R. China
| | - Pan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Menglu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Fan
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Junjappa RP, Patil P, Bhattarai KR, Kim HR, Chae HJ. IRE1α Implications in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Development and Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1289. [PMID: 29928282 PMCID: PMC5997832 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1α (IRE1α) is the most prominent and evolutionarily conserved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein. This transduces the signal of misfolded protein accumulation in the ER, named as ER stress, to the nucleus as “unfolded protein response (UPR).” The ER stress-mediated IRE1α signaling pathway arbitrates the yin and yang of cell life. IRE1α has been implicated in several physiological as well as pathological conditions, including immune disorders. Autoimmune diseases are caused by abnormal immune responses that develop due to genetic mutations and several environmental factors, including infections and chemicals. These factors dysregulate the cell immune reactions, such as cytokine secretion, antigen presentation, and autoantigen generation. However, the mechanisms involved, in which these factors induce the onset of autoimmune diseases, are remaining unknown. Considering that these environmental factors also induce the UPR, which is expected to have significant role in secretory cells and immune cells. The role of the major UPR molecule, IRE1α, in causing immune responses is well identified, but its role in inducing autoimmunity and the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases has not been clearly elucidated. Hence, a better understanding of the role of IRE1α and its regulatory mechanisms in causing autoimmune diseases could help to identify and develop the appropriate therapeutic strategies. In this review, we mainly center the discussion on the molecular mechanisms of IRE1α in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Patil Junjappa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of New Drug Development, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Prakash Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of New Drug Development, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Kashi Raj Bhattarai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of New Drug Development, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- Graduate School, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of New Drug Development, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Garg AD, Agostinis P. Cell death and immunity in cancer: From danger signals to mimicry of pathogen defense responses. Immunol Rev 2018; 280:126-148. [PMID: 29027218 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The immunogenicity of cancer cells is an emerging determinant of anti-cancer immunotherapy. Beyond developing immunostimulatory regimens like dendritic cell-based vaccines, immune-checkpoint blockers, and adoptive T-cell transfer, investigators are beginning to focus on the immunobiology of dying cancer cells and its relevance for the success of anticancer immunotherapies. It is currently accepted that cancer cells may die in response to anti-cancer therapies through regulated cell death programs, which may either repress or increase their immunogenic potential. In particular, the induction of immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD), which is hallmarked by the emission of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs); molecules analogous to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) acting as danger signals/alarmins, is of great relevance in cancer therapy. These ICD-associated danger signals favor immunomodulatory responses that lead to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs)-directed T-cell immunity, which paves way for the removal of residual, treatment-resistant cancer cells. It is also emerging that cancer cells succumbing to ICD can orchestrate "altered-self mimicry" i.e. mimicry of pathogen defense responses, on the levels of nucleic acids and/or chemokines (resulting in type I interferon/IFN responses or pathogen response-like neutrophil activity). In this review, we exhaustively describe the main molecular, immunological, preclinical, and clinical aspects of immunosuppressive cell death or ICD (with respect to apoptosis, necrosis and necroptosis). We also provide an extensive historical background of these fields, with special attention to the self/non-self and danger models, which have shaped the field of cell death immunology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek D Garg
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kim HK, Lee GH, Bhattarai KR, Junjappa RP, Lee HY, Handigund M, Marahatta A, Bhandary B, Baek IH, Pyo JS, Kim HK, Chai OH, Kim HR, Lee YC, Chae HJ. PI3Kδ contributes to ER stress-associated asthma through ER-redox disturbances: the involvement of the RIDD-RIG-I-NF-κB axis. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:e444. [PMID: 29504610 PMCID: PMC5903822 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) has been suggested to be a potential mechanism for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness, and PI3K inhibitors have been examined as asthma therapeutics. However, the regulatory mechanism linking PI3K to ER stress and related pathological signals in asthma have not been defined. To elucidate these pathogenic pathways, we investigated the influence of a selective PI3Kδ inhibitor, IC87114, on airway inflammation in an ovalbumin/lipopolysaccharide (OVA/LPS)-induced asthma model. In OVA/LPS-induced asthmatic mice, the activity of PI3K, downstream phosphorylation of AKT and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were all significantly elevated; these effects were reversed by IC87114. IC87114 treatment also reduced the OVA/LPS-induced ER stress response by enhancing the intra-ER oxidative folding status through suppression of protein disulfide isomerase activity, ER-associated reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and NOX4 activity. Furthermore, inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α)-dependent degradation (RIDD) of IRE1α was reduced by IC87114, resulting in a decreased release of proinflammatory cytokines from bronchial epithelial cells. These results suggest that PI3Kδ may induce severe airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness by activating NF-κB signaling through ER-associated ROS and RIDD–RIG-I activation. The PI3Kδ inhibitor IC87114 is a potential therapeutic agent against neutrophil-dominant asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kashi Raj Bhattarai
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Raghu Patil Junjappa
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mallikarjun Handigund
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Anu Marahatta
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bidur Bhandary
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwan Baek
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Pyo
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Hee Chai
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- Daegu Gyeonbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) Graduate School, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Chul Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Reverendo M, Mendes A, Argüello RJ, Gatti E, Pierre P. At the crossway of ER-stress and proinflammatory responses. FEBS J 2018; 286:297-310. [PMID: 29360216 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells detect specific microbes or damage to tissue integrity in order to initiate efficient immune responses. Abnormal accumulation of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) can be seen as a sign of cellular malfunction and stress that triggers a collection of conserved emergency rescue programs. These different signaling cascades, which favor ER proteostasis and promote cell survival, are collectively known as the unfolded protein response (UPR). In recent years, a synergy between the UPR and inflammatory cytokine production has been unraveled, with different branches of the UPR entering in a cross-talk with specialized microbe sensing pathways, which turns on or amplify inflammatory cytokines production. Complementary to this synergetic activity, UPR induction alone, can itself be seen as a danger signal, and triggers directly or indirectly inflammation in different cellular and pathological models, this independently of the presence of pathogens. Here, we discuss recent advances on the nature of these cross-talks and how innate immunity, metabolism dysregulation, and ER-signaling pathways intersect in specialized immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), and contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Reverendo
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille cedex 9, France.,International Associated Laboratory (LIA) CNRS 'Mistra', Marseille cedex 9, France
| | - Andreia Mendes
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille cedex 9, France.,International Associated Laboratory (LIA) CNRS 'Mistra', Marseille cedex 9, France
| | - Rafael J Argüello
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille cedex 9, France
| | - Evelina Gatti
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille cedex 9, France.,International Associated Laboratory (LIA) CNRS 'Mistra', Marseille cedex 9, France.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (iBiMED) and Ilidio Pinho Foundation, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Philippe Pierre
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille cedex 9, France.,International Associated Laboratory (LIA) CNRS 'Mistra', Marseille cedex 9, France.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (iBiMED) and Ilidio Pinho Foundation, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tan HY, Wang N, Tsao SW, Che CM, Yuen MF, Feng Y. IRE1α inhibition by natural compound genipin on tumour associated macrophages reduces growth of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:43792-43804. [PMID: 27270308 PMCID: PMC5190060 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidences postulated the influential roles of macrophages in mediating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) initiation and progression. In this study, we demonstrate that a small molecule, genipin reduced HCC growth through suppressing IRE1α-mediated infiltration and priming of tumour associated macrophages (TAMs). Oral administration of genipin (30mg/kg/2days) suppressed orthotopic HCC tumour growth without challenging the viability and proliferation of HCC cells. Genipin reduced infiltration of inflammatory monocytes into liver and tumour thereby suppressed TAMs presence in HCC microenvironment. Suppression of HCC growth was diminished in HCC-implanted mice with depletion of TAMs by liposome clodronate. Genipin inhibited the TAMs migration, and reduced expression of TAMs-derived inflammatory cytokines that favors HCC proliferation. This is revealed by the in vivo deletion of IRE1α on TAMs in genipin-treated HCC-implanted mice. Diminishing IRE1α neutralised the inhibitory effect of genipin on TAMs. Silencing the expression of IRE1α greatly reduced TAMs migration and expression of inflammatory cytokines that prime HCC proliferation. Suppression of IRE1α led to reduced XBP-1 splicing and NF-κB activation. The reduced association of IRE1α with TRAF2 and IKK complex may be responsible for the genipin-mediated inactivation of NF-κB. The findings show the important role of TAMs in inhibitory effect of genipin on HCC, and TAMs-expressing IRE1α as a promising target for disrupting the tumour environment that favor of HCC development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, P.R. of China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, P.R. of China
| | - Sai-Wah Tsao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, P.R. of China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Chemical Biology Centre, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, P. R. China
| | - Man-Fung Yuen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Queen Mary Hospital and Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, P. R. of China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, P.R. of China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Prow NA, Tang B, Gardner J, Le TT, Taylor A, Poo YS, Nakayama E, Hirata TDC, Nakaya HI, Slonchak A, Mukhopadhyay P, Mahalingam S, Schroder WA, Klimstra W, Suhrbier A. Lower temperatures reduce type I interferon activity and promote alphaviral arthritis. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006788. [PMID: 29281739 PMCID: PMC5770078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) belongs to a group of mosquito-borne alphaviruses associated with acute and chronic arthropathy, with peripheral and limb joints most commonly affected. Using a mouse model of CHIKV infection and arthritic disease, we show that CHIKV replication and the ensuing foot arthropathy were dramatically reduced when mice were housed at 30°C, rather than the conventional 22°C. The effect was not associated with a detectable fever, but was dependent on type I interferon responses. Bioinformatics analyses of RNA-Seq data after injection of poly(I:C)/jetPEI suggested the unfolded protein response and certain type I interferon responses are promoted when feet are slightly warmer. The ambient temperature thus appears able profoundly to effect anti-viral activity in the periphery, with clear consequences for alphaviral replication and the ensuing arthropathy. These observations may provide an explanation for why alphaviral arthropathies are largely restricted to joints of the limbs and the extremities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A. Prow
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bing Tang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joy Gardner
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thuy T. Le
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Adam Taylor
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yee S. Poo
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eri Nakayama
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thiago D. C. Hirata
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helder I. Nakaya
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrii Slonchak
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Suresh Mahalingam
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wayne A. Schroder
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - William Klimstra
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Center for Vaccine Research University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Andreas Suhrbier
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Keestra-Gounder AM, Tsolis RM. NOD1 and NOD2: Beyond Peptidoglycan Sensing. Trends Immunol 2017; 38:758-767. [PMID: 28823510 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
NOD1 and NOD2 are pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system with well-established roles in sensing fragments of bacterial peptidoglycan. In addition to their role as microbial sensors, recent evidence indicates that nucleotide-binding oligomerization domains (NODs) can also recognize a broader array of danger signals. Indeed, recent work has expanded the roles of NOD1 and NOD2 to encompass not only sensing of infections with viruses and parasites but also perceiving perturbations of cellular processes such as regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and maintenance of endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. This review will comment on recent progress and point out emerging questions in these areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Renée M Tsolis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha mediates C/EBP homologous protein to protect mice from acute liver failure. Inflamm Res 2017; 66:813-822. [PMID: 28600667 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) activation has been reported to ameliorate liver injury in cases of acute liver failure (ALF). However, its intrinsic protective molecular mechanisms remain largely undetermined. C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) is an important mediator of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that PPARα activation alleviates liver inflammation to protect mice from acute liver failure (ALF) mediated by CHOP. METHODS In a murine model induced by D-galactosamine (D-GalN, 700 mg/kg) and LPS (10 μg/kg), Wy-14643 (6 mg/kg) was administered to activate PPARα. The mice of different groups were killed 6 h after D-GalN/LPS injection, and the liver and blood were collected for analysis. To find out whether PPARα activation protects the liver from injury due to inflammation by regulating CHOP, we used expression plasmid to increase CHOP expression and demonstrated how PPARα mediated CHOP to regulate inflammation in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS The expression of PPARα was downregulated and the expression of CHOP was upregulated with the development of D-GalN/LPS-induced liver injury. The protective molecular mechanisms of PPARα activation were dependent on the expression of CHOP. Indeed, (1) PPARα activation decreased the expression of CHOP; on the other hand, PPARα knockdown increased the expression of CHOP in vivo; (2) the depressed liver inflammation by PPARα activation was due to the downregulation of CHOP expression, because overexpression of CHOP by transfect plasmid reversed liver protection and increased liver inflammation again; (3) in vitro, PPARα inhibition by siRNA treatment increased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and CHOP siRNA co-transfection reversed the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS Here, we demonstrated that PPARα activation contributes to liver protection and decreases liver inflammation in ALF, particularly through regulating CHOP. Our findings may provide a rationale for targeting PPARα as a potential therapeutic strategy to ameliorate ALF.
Collapse
|
33
|
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response in infection by intracellular parasites. Future Sci OA 2017; 3:FSO198. [PMID: 28883998 PMCID: PMC5583660 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbations of the physiological status of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) trigger a specific response known as the ER stress response or unfolded protein response (UPR). In mammalian cells, the UPR is mediated by three ER transmembrane proteins (IRE1, PERK and ATF6) which activate three signaling cascades to restore ER homeostasis. In recent years, a cross-talk between UPR, inflammatory and microbial sensing pathways has been elucidated. Pathogen infection can lead to UPR activation; moreover, several pathogens subvert the UPR to promote their survival and replication. While the UPR in viral and bacterial infection has been characterized, little is known about the role of UPR in intracellular parasite infection. Here, we review recent findings on UPR induction/modulation by intracellular parasites in host cells.
Collapse
|
34
|
Rashid HO, Kim HK, Junjappa R, Kim HR, Chae HJ. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the regulation of liver diseases: Involvement of Regulated IRE1α and β-dependent decay and miRNA. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32:981-991. [PMID: 27774654 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Compromised protein folding capacity in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) leads to a protein traffic jam that produces a toxic environment called ER stress. However, the ER smartly handles such a critical situation by activating a cascade of proteins responsible for sensing and responding to the noxious stimuli of accumulated proteins. The ER protein load is higher in secretory cells, such as liver hepatocytes, which are thus prone to stress-mediated toxicity and various diseases, including alcohol-induced liver injury, fatty liver disease, and viral hepatitis. Therefore, we discuss the molecular cues that connect ER stress to hepatic diseases. Moreover, we review the literature on ER stress-regulated miRNA in the pathogenesis of liver diseases to give a comprehensive overview of mechanistic insights connecting ER stress and miRNA in the context of liver diseases. We also discuss currently discovered regulated IRE1 dependent decay in regulation of hepatic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harun-Or Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and New Drug Development Institute, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and New Drug Development Institute, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Raghupatil Junjappa
- Department of Pharmacology and New Drug Development Institute, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- Graduate School and Institute of Science and Technology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- Department of Pharmacology and New Drug Development Institute, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Perera N, Miller JL, Zitzmann N. The role of the unfolded protein response in dengue virus pathogenesis. Cell Microbiol 2017; 19. [PMID: 28207988 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Symptomatic dengue virus (DENV) infections range from mild fever to severe haemorrhagic disease and death. Host-viral interactions play a significant role in deciding the fate of the infection. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a prosurvival cellular reaction induced in response to DENV-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress. The UPR has complex interactions with the cellular autophagy machinery, apoptosis, and innate immunity. DENV has evolved to manipulate the UPR to facilitate its replication and to evade host immunity. Our knowledge of this intertwined network of events is continuously developing. A better understanding of the UPR mediated antiviral and proviral effects will shed light on dengue disease pathogenesis and may help development of anti-DENV therapeutics. This review summarizes the role of the UPR in viral replication, autophagy, and DENV-induced inflammation to describe how a host response contributes to DENV pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilanka Perera
- Antiviral Research Unit, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Joanna L Miller
- Antiviral Research Unit, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicole Zitzmann
- Antiviral Research Unit, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 UL41 Protein Suppresses the IRE1/XBP1 Signal Pathway of the Unfolded Protein Response via Its RNase Activity. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.02056-16. [PMID: 27928013 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02056-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During viral infection, accumulation of viral proteins can cause stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and trigger the unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore ER homeostasis. The inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)-dependent pathway is the most conserved of the three UPR signal pathways. Upon activation, IRE1 splices out an intron from the unspliced inactive form of X box binding protein 1 [XBP1(u)] mRNA and produces a transcriptionally potent spliced form [XBP1(s)]. Previous studies have reported that the IRE1/XBP1 pathway is inhibited upon herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is still elusive. Here, we uncovered a role of the HSV-1 UL41 protein in inhibiting the IRE1/XBP1 signal pathway. Ectopic expression of UL41 decreased the expression of XBP1 and blocked XBP1 splicing activation induced by the ER stress inducer thapsigargin. Wild-type (WT) HSV-1, but not the UL41-null mutant HSV-1 (R2621), decreased XBP1 mRNA induced by thapsigargin. Nevertheless, infection with both WT HSV-1 and R2621 without drug pretreatment could reduce the mRNA and protein levels of XBP1(s), and additional mechanisms might contribute to this inhibition of XBP1(s) during R2621 infection. Taking these findings together, our results reveal XBP1 as a novel target of UL41 and provide insights into the mechanism by which HSV-1 modulates the IRE1/XBP1 pathway. IMPORTANCE During viral infection, viruses hijack the host translation apparatus to produce large amounts of viral proteins, which leads to ER stress. To restore ER homeostasis, cells initiate the UPR to alleviate the effects of ER stress. The IRE1/XBP1 pathway is the most conserved UPR branch, and it activates ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) to reduce the ER load. The IRE1/XBP1 branch is repressed during HSV-1 infection, but little is known about the underlying molecular mechanism. Our results show for the first time that UL41 suppresses the IRE1/XBP1 signal pathway by reducing the accumulation of XBP1 mRNA, and characterization of the underlying molecular mechanism provides new insight into the modulation of UPR by HSV-1.
Collapse
|
37
|
Roers A, Hiller B, Hornung V. Recognition of Endogenous Nucleic Acids by the Innate Immune System. Immunity 2016; 44:739-54. [PMID: 27096317 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recognition of DNA and RNA by endosomal and cytosolic sensors constitutes a central element in the detection of microbial invaders by the innate immune system. However, the capacity of these sensors to discriminate between microbial and endogenous nucleic acids is limited. Over the past few years, evidence has accumulated to suggest that endogenous DNA or RNA species can engage nucleic-acid-sensing pattern-recognition receptors that can trigger or sustain detrimental pathology. Here, we review principles of how the activation of innate sensors by host nucleic acids is prevented in the steady state and discuss four important determinants of whether a nucleic-acid-driven innate response is mounted. These include structural features of the ligand being sensed, the subcellular location and quantity of pathogen-derived or endogenous nucleic acids, and the regulation of sensor-activation thresholds. Furthermore, we emphasize disease mechanisms initiated by failure to discriminate self from non-self in nucleic acid detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Roers
- Institute for Immunology, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Björn Hiller
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Veit Hornung
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Gene Center and Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany; Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the capacity of cancer cells to adapt to the tumor microenvironment and to anticancer therapies is a major challenge. In this context, cancer is believed to be an evolutionary process where random mutations and the selection process shape the mutational pattern and phenotype of cancer cells. This article challenges the notion of randomness of some cancer-associated mutations by describing molecular mechanisms involving stress-mediated biogenesis of mRNA-derived small RNAs able to target and increase the local mutation rate of the genomic loci they originate from. It is proposed that the probability of some mutations at specific loci could be increased in a stress-specific and RNA-depending manner. This would increase the probability of generating mutations that could alleviate stress situations, such as those triggered by anticancer drugs. Such a mechanism is made possible because tumor- and anticancer drug-associated stress situations trigger both cellular reprogramming and inflammation, which leads cancer cells to express molecular tools allowing them to “attack” and mutate their own genome in an RNA-directed manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Didier Auboeuf
- Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Research in the past decade has greatly expanded our understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease, which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. In addition to the sophisticated network of immune response, the epithelial layer lining the mucosa has emerged as an essential player in the development and persistence of intestinal inflammation. As the frontline of numerous environmental insults in the gut, the intestinal epithelial cells are subject to various cellular stresses. In eukaryotic cells, disturbance of endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis may lead to the accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins in the ER lumen, a condition called ER stress. This cellular process activates the unfolded protein response, which functions to enhance the ER protein folding capacity, alleviates the burden of protein synthesis and maturation, and activates ER-associated protein degradation. Paneth and goblet cells, 2 secretory epithelial populations in the gut, are particularly sensitive to ER stress on environmental or genetic disturbances. Recent studies suggested that epithelial ER stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis by compromising protein secretion, inducing epithelial cell apoptosis and activating proinflammatory response in the gut. Our knowledge of ER stress in intestinal epithelial function may open avenue to new inflammatory bowel disease therapies by targeting the ER protein folding homeostasis in the cells lining the intestinal mucosa.
Collapse
|
40
|
Cao SS, Luo KL, Shi L. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Interacts With Inflammation in Human Diseases. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:288-94. [PMID: 26201832 PMCID: PMC4659393 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a critical organelle for normal cell function and homeostasis. Disturbance in the protein folding process in the ER, termed ER stress, leads to the activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) that encompasses a complex network of intracellular signaling pathways. The UPR can either restore ER homeostasis or activate pro-apoptotic pathways depending on the type of insults, intensity and duration of the stress, and cell types. ER stress and the UPR have recently been linked to inflammation in a variety of human pathologies including autoimmune, infectious, neurodegenerative, and metabolic disorders. In the cell, ER stress and inflammatory signaling share extensive regulators and effectors in a broad spectrum of biological processes. In spite of different etiologies, the two signaling pathways have been shown to form a vicious cycle in exacerbating cellular dysfunction and causing apoptosis in many cells and tissues. However, the interaction between ER stress and inflammation in many of these diseases remains poorly understood. Further understanding of the biochemistry, cell biology, and physiology may enable the development of novel therapies that spontaneously target these pathogenic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stewart Siyan Cao
- Columbia University College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNew York
| | - Katherine L. Luo
- Columbia University College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNew York
| | - Lynn Shi
- Columbia University College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNew York
| |
Collapse
|