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Bandopadhyay P, Sarif J, D'Rozario R, Liu CSC, Sinha BP, Hoque MA, Chatterjee K, Choudhury S, Kumar H, Raychaudhuri D, Ganguly D. Cutting Edge: ATP13A2 Is an Endolysosomal Regulator of TLR9/7 Activation in Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 213:109-114. [PMID: 38950331 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
ATPase cation transporting 13A2 (ATP13A2) is an endolysosomal P-type ATPase known to be a polyamine transporter, explored mostly in neurons. As endolysosomal functions are also crucial in innate immune cells, we aimed to explore the potential role of ATP13A2 in the human immunocellular compartment. We found that human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), the professional type I IFN-producing immune cells, especially have a prominent enrichment of ATP13A2 expression in endolysosomal compartments. ATP13A2 knockdown in human pDCs interferes with cytokine induction in response to TLR9/7 activation in response to bona fide ligands. ATP13A2 plays this crucial role in TLR9/7 activation in human pDCs by regulating endolysosomal pH and mitochondrial reactive oxygen generation. This (to our knowledge) hitherto unknown regulatory mechanism in pDCs involving ATP13A2 opens up a new avenue of research, given the crucial role of pDC-derived type I IFNs in protective immunity against infections as well as in the immunopathogenesis of myriad contexts of autoreactive inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purbita Bandopadhyay
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700091, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Jafar Sarif
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700091, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ranit D'Rozario
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700091, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Chinky Shiu Chen Liu
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Bishnu P Sinha
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700091, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Md Asmaul Hoque
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700091, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Koustav Chatterjee
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata 700017, India
| | - Supriyo Choudhury
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata 700017, India
| | - Hrishikesh Kumar
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata 700017, India
| | - Deblina Raychaudhuri
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700091, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Nasser M, Wadie M, Farid A, El Amir A. The Contribution of Serum Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-Like Lectin 1(sSIGLEC-1) as an IFN I Signature Biomarker in the Progression of Atherosclerosis in Egyptian Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients. Indian J Clin Biochem 2024; 39:291-298. [PMID: 38577132 PMCID: PMC10987406 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Clinical symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), such as atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases, are caused by inflammatory cytokines and endothelial cell damage. The serum sialic acid binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 1 (sSIGLEC-1) is thought to be an alternative biomarker of IFN signature and may have a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to measure the levels of sSIGLEC-1 in the serum of SLE patients in comparison to a control group and examine the associations between sSIGLEC-1, SLEDAI, lipid profile, oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL), and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) to investigate whether sSIGLEC-1 participates in the development of atherosclerosis. sSIGLEC-1 levels were tested in 53 patients and 20 volunteers using ELISA kit. Duplex measurements were performed on all subjects to measure CIMT. SLE patients had significantly higher values of sSIGLEC-1 (P < 0.0001), total cholesterol (P = 0.029), triglycerides (P = 0.001), low density lipoprotein (P = 0.032), oxLDL (P = 0.001), right CIMT (P = 0.0099) and a significantly lower value of high-density lipoprotein (P = 0.04) when compared to controls. sSIGLEC-1 had significant positive correlations with right CIMT (r = 0.5, P < 0.0002) and oxLDL (r = 0.67, P < 0.0001) in all SLE patients. When compared to non-dyslipidemic patients, the dyslipidemic group exhibited significantly higher levels of all previous parameters except HDL and left CIMT. Circulating form of SIGLEC-1 accelerates atherosclerosis and provides a simple way to predict the occurrence of atherosclerosis in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Nasser
- Immunology Section, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mary Wadie
- Rheumatology Section, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alyaa Farid
- Immunology Section, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Azza El Amir
- Immunology Section, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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3
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Salzmann RJS, Krötz C, Mocan T, Mocan LP, Grapa C, Rottmann S, Reichelt R, Keller CM, Langhans B, Schünemann F, Pohl A, Böhler T, Bersiner K, Krawczyk M, Milkiewicz P, Sparchez Z, Lammert F, Gehlert S, Gonzalez-Carmona MA, Willms A, Strassburg CP, Kornek MT, Dold L, Lukacs-Kornek V. Increased type-I interferon level is associated with liver damage and fibrosis in primary sclerosing cholangitis. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0380. [PMID: 38358371 PMCID: PMC10871749 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The level of type-I interferons (IFNs) in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) was investigated to evaluate its association with disease activity and progression. METHODS Bioactive type-I IFNs were evaluated in a murine model of PSC and human patients' sera using a cell-based reporter assay and ELISA techniques. In total, 57 healthy participants, 71 PSC, and 38 patients with primary biliary cholangitis were enrolled in this study. RESULTS Bioactive type-I IFNs were elevated in the liver and serum of multidrug resistance protein 2-deficient animals and showed a correlation with the presence of CD45+ immune cells and serum alanine transaminase levels. Concordantly, bioactive type-I IFNs were elevated in the sera of patients with PSC as compared to healthy controls (sensitivity of 84.51%, specificity of 63.16%, and AUROC value of 0.8267). Bioactive IFNs highly correlated with alkaline phosphatase (r=0.4179, p<0.001), alanine transaminase (r=0.4704, p<0.0001), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities (r=0.6629, p<0.0001) but not with serum bilirubin. In addition, patients with PSC with advanced fibrosis demonstrated significantly higher type-I IFN values. Among the type-I IFN subtypes IFNα, β and IFNω could be detected in patients with PSC with IFNω showing the highest concentration among the subtypes and being the most abundant among patients with PSC. CONCLUSIONS The selectively elevated bioactive type-I IFNs specifically the dominating IFNω could suggest a novel inflammatory pathway that might also have a hitherto unrecognized role in the pathomechanism of PSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka J S Salzmann
- Department of Immunodynamic, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Krötz
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tudor Mocan
- UBBMed Department, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lavinia P Mocan
- Department of Histology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristiana Grapa
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sophia Rottmann
- Department of Immunodynamic, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ramona Reichelt
- Department of Immunodynamic, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cindy M Keller
- Department of Immunodynamic, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bettina Langhans
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frederik Schünemann
- Department for Biosciences of Sports, Institute of Sport Science, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Pohl
- Department for Biosciences of Sports, Institute of Sport Science, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Böhler
- Department for Biosciences of Sports, Institute of Sport Science, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Käthe Bersiner
- Department for Biosciences of Sports, Institute of Sport Science, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Marcin Krawczyk
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Metabolic Liver Diseases, Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Milkiewicz
- Laboratory of Metabolic Liver Diseases, Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Liver and Internal Medicine Unit, Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zeno Sparchez
- 3rd Medical Department, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Sebastian Gehlert
- Department for Biosciences of Sports, Institute of Sport Science, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Maria A Gonzalez-Carmona
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arnulf Willms
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, German Armed Forces Central Hospital, Koblenz, Germany
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, German Armed Forces Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian P Strassburg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Miroslaw T Kornek
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, German Armed Forces Central Hospital, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Leona Dold
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Veronika Lukacs-Kornek
- Department of Immunodynamic, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
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4
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Ganguly D. Multi-omics studies in interpreting the evolving standard model for immune functions. Brief Funct Genomics 2024; 23:75-81. [PMID: 36905355 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A standard model that is able to generalize data on myriad involvement of the immune system in organismal physio-pathology and to provide a unified evolutionary teleology for immune functions in multicellular organisms remains elusive. A number of such 'general theories of immunity' have been proposed based on contemporaneously available data, starting with the usual description of self-nonself discrimination, followed by the 'danger model' and the more recent 'discontinuity theory.' More recent data deluge on involvement of immune mechanisms in a wide variety of clinical contexts, a number of which fail to get readily accommodated into the available teleologic standard models, makes deriving a standard model of immunity more challenging. But technological advances enabling multi-omics investigations into an ongoing immune response, covering genome, epigenome, coding and regulatory transcriptome, proteome, metabolome and tissue-resident microbiome, bring newer opportunities for developing a more integrative insight into immunocellular mechanisms within different clinical contexts. The new ability to map the heterogeneity of composition, trajectory and endpoints of immune responses, in both health and disease, also necessitates incorporation into the potential standard model of immune functions, which again can only be achieved through multi-omics probing of immune responses and integrated analyses of the multi-dimensional data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipyaman Ganguly
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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5
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Blachut D, Przywara-Chowaniec B, Tomasik A, Kukulski T, Morawiec B. Update of Potential Biomarkers in Risk Prediction and Monitoring of Atherosclerosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2814. [PMID: 37893187 PMCID: PMC10604001 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic connective tissue disease associated with an increased risk of premature atherosclerosis. It is estimated that approximately 10% of SLE patients develop significant atherosclerosis each year, which is responsible for premature cardiovascular disease that is largely asymptomatic. This review summarizes the most recent reports from the past few years on biomarkers of atherosclerosis in SLE, mainly focusing on immune markers. Persistent chronic inflammation of the vascular wall is an important cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events related to endothelial dysfunction, cell proliferation, impaired production and function of nitric oxide and microangiopathic changes. Studies on pathogenic immune mediators involved in atherosclerosis will be crucial research avenues for preventing CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Blachut
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
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6
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Ghosh AR, Bandopadhyay P, Sarkar J, Khanna S, Chaudhuri T, Tantia O, Chakrabarti P, Ganguly D. Mitochondrial sourcing of interferogenic ligands and an autoantigen in human obesity-associated metaflammation. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:2229-2234. [PMID: 37496088 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) inflammation contributes to metabolic dysregulation in obesity. VAT recruitment and activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) through toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognition of self-DNA, leading to induction of type I interferons, are crucial innate triggers for this VAT inflammation. It was hypothesized that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can contribute to TLR9 activation in VAT-recruited pDCs in obesity, and this study aimed to identify the carrier protein for ligand access to TLR9 and to explore whether this also provides for a source of autoantigens in this context. METHODS VAT samples, used for gene expression studies as well as adipose explant cultures, were collected from patients with obesity (n = 54) and lean patients (n = 10). Supernatants from human pDC cultures, treated with adipose explant culture supernatants, were used for interferon α ELISA. Venous plasma, from patients with (n = 114) and without (n = 45) obesity, was used for an ELISA for autoantibodies. RESULTS MtDNA from VAT in obesity, in complex with mitochondrial transcription factor A protein (TFAM), acts as interferogenic ligands for pDCs. Humoral autoreactivity against TFAM is also induced in obesity. CONCLUSIONS Interferogenic ligands and an autoantigen can be sourced from dysfunctional mitochondria in VAT of humans with obesity. Further therapeutic and prognostic potential for this immune mechanism in obesity warrants exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Raj Ghosh
- Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Purbita Bandopadhyay
- Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Jit Sarkar
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Shashi Khanna
- Institute of Laparoscopic Surgery Hospitals, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Om Tantia
- Institute of Laparoscopic Surgery Hospitals, Kolkata, India
| | - Partha Chakrabarti
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
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Haybar H, Bandar B, Torfi E, Mohebbi A, Saki N. Cytokines and their role in cardiovascular diseases. Cytokine 2023; 169:156261. [PMID: 37413877 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers has always been a hot topic in various diseases. Considering that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have the highest mortality and morbidity rates in the world, various studies have been conducted so far to find CVD associated biomarkers, including cardiac troponin (cTn) and NT-proBNP. Cytokines are components of the immune system that are involved in the pathogenesis of CVD due to their contribution to the inflammation process. The level of cytokines varies in many cardiovascular diseases. For instance, the plasma level of IL-1α, IL-18, IL-33, IL-6 and IL-8 is positively correlated with atherosclerosis and that of some other interleukins such as IL-35 is negatively correlated with acute myocardial infarction or cardiac angina. Due to its pivotal role in the inflammation process, IL-1 super family is involved in many CVDs, including atherosclerosis. IL-20 among the interleukins of IL-10 family has a pro-atherogenic role, while others, such as IL-10 and IL-19, play an anti-atherogenic role. In the present review, we have collected the latest published evidence in this respect to discuss valuable cytokines from the diagnostic and prognostic stand point in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Haybar
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bita Bandar
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ekhlas Torfi
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Mohebbi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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8
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Masuta Y, Otsuka Y, Minaga K, Honjo H, Kudo M, Watanabe T. Regulation of type I IFN responses by deubiquitinating enzyme A in inflammatory bowel diseases. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 73:103-107. [PMID: 37700847 PMCID: PMC10493212 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.23-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is driven by excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-12, and IL-23. This notion is supported by the remarkable clinical success of biologics targeting these cytokines. Recognition of cell wall components derived from intestinal bacteria by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) induces the production of these pro-inflammatory cytokines by macrophages and dendritic cells in human IBD and experimental colitis model. Although sensing of bacterial nucleic acids by endosomal TLRs, specifically TLR3, TLR7, and TLR9 leads to robust production of type I IFNs, it remains debatable whether TLR-mediated type I IFN responses are pathogenic or protective in IBD patients. Additionally, recent studies identified deubiquitinating enzyme A (DUBA) as a novel negative regulator of TLR-mediated type I IFN responses. In light of these observations and their potential applications, in this review, we summarize recent findings on the roles of type I IFN responses and DUBA-mediated negative regulation of these responses in human IBD and experimental colitis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Masuta
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yasuo Otsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kosuke Minaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hajime Honjo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
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9
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Xiong H, Cui M, Kong N, Jing J, Xu Y, Liu X, Yang F, Xu Z, Yan Y, Zhao D, Zou Z, Xia M, Cen J, Tan G, Huai C, Fu Q, Guo Q, Chen K. Cytotoxic CD161 -CD8 + T EMRA cells contribute to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. EBioMedicine 2023; 90:104507. [PMID: 36893588 PMCID: PMC10011749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypical autoimmune disease affecting multiple organs and tissues with high cellular heterogeneity. CD8+ T cell activity is involved in the SLE pathogenesis. However, the cellular heterogeneity and the underlying mechanisms of CD8+ T cells in SLE remain to be identified. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of PBMCs from a SLE family pedigree (including 3 HCs and 2 SLE patients) was performed to identify the SLE-associated CD8+ T cell subsets. Flow cytometry analysis of a SLE cohort (including 23 HCs and 33 SLE patients), qPCR analysis of another SLE cohort (including 30 HCs and 25 SLE patients) and public scRNA-seq datasets of autoimmune diseases were employed to validate the finding. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) of this SLE family pedigree was used to investigate the genetic basis in dysregulation of CD8+ T cell subsets identified in this study. Co-culture experiments were performed to analyze the activity of CD8+ T cells. FINDINGS We elucidated the cellular heterogeneity of SLE and identified a new highly cytotoxic CD8+ T cell subset, CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cell subpopulation, which was remarkably increased in SLE patients. Meanwhile, we discovered a close correlation between mutation of DTHD1 and the abnormal accumulation of CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cells in SLE. DTHD1 interacted with MYD88 to suppress its activity in T cells and DTHD1 mutation promoted MYD88-dependent pathway and subsequently increased the proliferation and cytotoxicity of CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cells. Furthermore, the differentially expressed genes in CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cells displayed a strong out-of-sample prediction for case-control status of SLE. INTERPRETATION This study identified DTHD1-associated expansion of CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cell subpopulation is critical for SLE. Our study highlights genetic association and cellular heterogeneity of SLE pathogenesis and provides a mechanistical insight into the diagnosis and treatment of SLE. FUNDINGS Stated in the Acknowledgements section of the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Mintian Cui
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ni Kong
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jiongjie Jing
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Xiuting Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Dongyang Zhao
- Department of Internal Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Ziqi Zou
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Meng Xia
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Junjie Cen
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Guozhen Tan
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Cong Huai
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Qiong Fu
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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10
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Guzmán-Martínez G, Marañón C. Immune mechanisms associated with cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus: A path to potential biomarkers. Front Immunol 2022; 13:974826. [PMID: 36420265 PMCID: PMC9677819 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.974826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients display an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). With the improved clinical management of other classical severe manifestation of the disease, CVD is becoming one of the most relevant complications of SLE, and it is an important factor causing morbidity and mortality. Several immune constituents have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and endothelial damage in SLE patients, including specific circulating cell populations, autoantibodies, and inflammatory mediators. In this review, we summarize the presentation of CVD in SLE and the role of the autoimmune responses present in SLE patients in the induction of atherogenesis, endothelial impairment and cardiac disease. Additionally, we discuss the utility of these immune mediators as early CVD biomarkers and targets for clinical intervention in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Guzmán-Martínez
- Atrys Health, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Marañón
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
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11
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Could a simple biomarker as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio reflect complex processes orchestrated by neutrophils? J Transl Autoimmun 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2022.100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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12
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Pereira MS, Redanz S, Kriegel MA. Skin Deep: The Role of the Microbiota in Cutaneous Autoimmunity. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:834-840. [PMID: 35027173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The skin microbiota is thought to possibly contribute to the pathogenesis of skin autoimmune diseases. The gut microbiota affects systemically the development and function of the immune system, thereby potentially influencing cutaneous autoimmunity as well. In this paper, we review the role of the gut and skin microbiota in cutaneous autoimmune diseases. Besides direct inflammatory effects at the skin barrier, microbiota may contribute to the pathogenesis of skin autoimmune diseases by metabolites, recall immune cell responses, and permeation of antigens to the subepidermal space. Skin and gut barrier dysfunction may represent a common pathophysiologic process allowing microbiota or its particles to promote autoimmune diseases at barrier surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia S Pereira
- Department of Translational Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sylvio Redanz
- Department of Translational Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin A Kriegel
- Department of Translational Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Section of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
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13
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Minaga K, Watanabe T, Hara A, Yoshikawa T, Kamata K, Kudo M. Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells as a New Therapeutic Target for Autoimmune Pancreatitis and IgG4-Related Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:713779. [PMID: 34367181 PMCID: PMC8342887 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.713779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) able to produce large amounts of type 1 interferons (IFN-I) play beneficial roles in host defense against viral infections, excessive activation of pDCs, followed by robust production of IFN-I, causes autoimmune disorders including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and psoriasis. Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), which is recognized as a pancreatic manifestation of systemic immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD), is a chronic fibroinflammatory disorder driven by autoimmunity. IgG4-RD is a multi-organ autoimmune disorder characterized by elevated serum concentrations of IgG4 antibody and infiltration of IgG4-expressing plasmacytes in the affected organs. Although the immunopathogenesis of IgG4-RD and AIP has been poorly elucidated, recently, we found that activation of pDCs mediates the development of murine experimental AIP and human AIP/IgG4-RD via the production of IFN-I and interleukin-33 (IL-33). Depletion of pDCs or neutralization of signaling pathways mediated by IFN-I and IL-33 efficiently inhibited the development of experimental AIP. Furthermore, enhanced expression of IFN-I and IL-33 was observed in the pancreas and serum of human AIP/IgG4-RD. Thus, AIP and IgG4-RD share their immunopathogenesis with SLE and psoriasis because in all these conditions, IFN-I production by pDCs contributes to the pathogenesis. Because the enhanced production of IFN-I and IL-33 by pDCs promotes chronic inflammation and fibrosis characteristic for AIP and IgG4-RD, neutralization of IFN-I and IL-33 could be a new therapeutic option for these disorders. In this Mini Review, we discuss the pathogenic roles played by the pDC-IFN-I-IL-33 axis and the development of a new treatment targeting this axis in AIP and IgG4-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Minaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Akane Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Tomoe Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Ken Kamata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
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14
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Kundu B, Raychaudhuri D, Mukherjee A, Sinha BP, Sarkar D, Bandopadhyay P, Pal S, Das N, Dey D, Ramarao K, Nagireddy K, Ganguly D, Talukdar A. Systematic Optimization of Potent and Orally Bioavailable Purine Scaffold as a Dual Inhibitor of Toll-Like Receptors 7 and 9. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9279-9301. [PMID: 34142551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Several toll-like receptors (TLRs) reside inside endosomes of specific immune cells-among them, aberrant activation of TLR7 and TLR9 is implicated in myriad contexts of autoimmune diseases, making them promising therapeutic targets. However, small-molecule TLR7 and TLR9 antagonists are not yet available for clinical use. We illustrate here the importance of C2, C6, and N9 substitutions in the purine scaffold for antagonism to TLR7 and TLR9 through structure-activity relationship studies using cellular reporter assays and functional studies on primary human immune cells. Further in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies identified an orally bioavailable lead compound 29, with IC50 values of 0.08 and 2.66 μM against TLR9 and TLR7, respectively. Isothermal titration calorimetry excluded direct TLR ligand-antagonist interactions. In vivo antagonism efficacy against mouse TLR9 and therapeutic efficacy in a preclinical murine model of psoriasis highlighted the potential of compound 29 as a therapeutic candidate in relevant autoimmune contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Kundu
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Deblina Raychaudhuri
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Department of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, CN6, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Ayan Mukherjee
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Dipika Sarkar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Purbita Bandopadhyay
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Department of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, CN6, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sourav Pal
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nirmal Das
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Debdeep Dey
- Tata Medical Center, Newtown, Kolkata 700160, West Bengal, India
| | - Kantubhukta Ramarao
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Kasireddy Nagireddy
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Department of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, CN6, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Arindam Talukdar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
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15
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Monogenic Autoinflammatory Diseases: State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126360. [PMID: 34198614 PMCID: PMC8232320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic autoinflammatory diseases are a heterogeneous family of disorders characterized by a dysregulation of the innate immune system, in which sterile inflammation primarily develops through antigen-independent hyperactivation of immune pathways. In most cases, they have a strong genetic background, with mutations in single genes involved in inflammation. Therefore, they can derive from different pathogenic mechanisms at any level, such as dysregulated inflammasome-mediated production of cytokines, intracellular stress, defective regulatory pathways, altered protein folding, enhanced NF-kappaB signalling, ubiquitination disorders, interferon pathway upregulation and complement activation. Since the discover of pathogenic mutations of the pyrin-encoding gene MEFV in Familial Mediterranean Fever, more than 50 monogenic autoinflammatory diseases have been discovered thanks to the advances in genetic sequencing: the advent of new genetic analysis techniques and the discovery of genes involved in autoinflammatory diseases have allowed a better understanding of the underlying innate immunologic pathways and pathogenetic mechanisms, thus opening new perspectives in targeted therapies. Moreover, this field of research has become of great interest, since more than a hundred clinical trials for autoinflammatory diseases are currently active or recently concluded, allowing us to hope for considerable acquisitions for the next few years. General paediatricians need to be aware of the importance of this group of diseases and they should consider autoinflammatory diseases in patients with clinical hallmarks, in order to guide further examinations and refer the patient to a specialist rheumatologist. Here we resume the pathogenesis, clinical aspects and diagnosis of the most important autoinflammatory diseases in children.
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16
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Talukdar A, Ganguly D, Roy S, Das N, Sarkar D. Structural Evolution and Translational Potential for Agonists and Antagonists of Endosomal Toll-like Receptors. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8010-8041. [PMID: 34107682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are members of a large family of evolutionarily conserved pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which serve as key components of the innate immune system by playing a pivotal role in sensing "nonself" ligands. Endosomal TLRs (TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9) can recognize pathogen-derived nucleic acid and initiate an innate immune response because they react against both self- and non-self-origin nucleic acid molecules. Accordingly, both receptor agonists and antagonists are potentially useful in disparate clinical contexts and thus are globally sought after. Recent research has revealed that agonists and antagonists share an overlapping binding region. This Perspective highlights rational medicinal chemistry approaches to elucidate the structural attributes of small molecules capable of agonism or antagonism or of elegantly switching between the two. The structural evolution of different chemotypes can provide the framework for the future development of endosomal TLR agonists and antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Talukdar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Department of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, CN6, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swarnali Roy
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Nirmal Das
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipika Sarkar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
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17
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Hara A, Watanabe T, Minaga K, Yoshikawa T, Kamata K, Kudo M. Biomarkers in autoimmune pancreatitis and immunoglobulin G4-related disease. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:2257-2269. [PMID: 34040320 PMCID: PMC8130041 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i19.2257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Solitary organ autoimmune disorders, formerly known as autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), autoimmune sialadenitis, and autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis, are now considered organ-specific manifestations of systemic immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD). AIP and IgG4-RD are characterized by elevated serum concentration of IgG4 antibody (Ab), accumulation of IgG4-expressing plasmacytes in the affected organs, and involvement of multiple organs. It is well established that enhanced IgG4 Ab responses are a hallmark of AIP and IgG4-RD for diagnosis and monitoring disease activity. However, a significant fraction of patients with AIP and IgG4-RD who develop chronic fibroinflammatory responses have normal serum concentrations of this IgG subtype. In addition, disease flare-up is sometimes seen even in the presence of normalized serum concentrations of IgG4 Ab after successful induction of remission by prednisolone. Therefore, it is necessary to identify new biomarkers based on the understanding of the pathophysiology of AIP and IgG4-RD. Recently, we found that activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells producing both interferon-α (IFN-α) and interleukin-33 (IL-33) mediate murine AIP and human IgG4-RD. More importantly, we provided evidence that serum concentrations of IFN-α and IL-33 could be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of AIP and IgG4-RD activity after induction of remission in these autoimmune disorders. In this Frontier article, we have summarized and discussed biomarkers of AIP and IgG4-RD, including Igs, autoAbs, and cytokines to provide useful information not only for clinicians but also for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kosuke Minaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Tomoe Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Ken Kamata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
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18
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Batten I, Robinson MW, White A, Walsh C, Fazekas B, Wyse J, Buettner A, D'Arcy S, Greenan E, Murphy CC, Wigston Z, Gabhann-Dromgoole JN, Vital EM, Little MA, Bourke NM. Investigation of type I interferon responses in ANCA-associated vasculitis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8272. [PMID: 33859290 PMCID: PMC8050071 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87760-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN) dysregulation is a major contributory factor in the development of several autoimmune diseases, termed type I interferonopathies, and is thought to be the pathogenic link with chronic inflammation in these conditions. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-Associated Vasculitis (AAV) is an autoimmune disease characterised by necrotising inflammation of small blood vessels. The underlying biology of AAV is not well understood, however several studies have noted abnormalities in type I IFN responses. We hypothesised that type I IFN responses are systemically dysregulated in AAV, consistent with features of a type I interferonopathy. To investigate this, we measured the expression of seven interferon regulated genes (IRGs) (ISG15, SIGLEC1, STAT1, RSAD2, IFI27, IFI44L and IFIT1) in peripheral blood samples, as well as three type I IFN regulated proteins (CXCL10, MCP-1 and CCL19) in serum samples from AAV patients, healthy controls and disease controls. We found no difference in type I IFN regulated gene or protein expression between AAV patients and healthy controls. Furthermore, IRG and IFN regulated protein expression did not correlate with clinical measurements of disease activity in AAV patients. Thus, we conclude that systemic type I IFN responses are not key drivers of AAV pathogenesis and AAV should not be considered a type I interferonopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Batten
- Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark W Robinson
- Department of Biology, Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Kildare, Ireland
| | - Arthur White
- School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cathal Walsh
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Barbara Fazekas
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jason Wyse
- School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Antonia Buettner
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne D'Arcy
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emily Greenan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Conor C Murphy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Zoe Wigston
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Joan Ní Gabhann-Dromgoole
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences (PBS) and RSCI Research Institute, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Edward M Vital
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Mark A Little
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nollaig M Bourke
- Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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19
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Yoshikawa T, Watanabe T, Kamata K, Hara A, Minaga K, Kudo M. Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmune Pancreatitis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:621532. [PMID: 33833754 PMCID: PMC8021793 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.621532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a chronic fibro-inflammatory disorder of the pancreas. Recent clinicopathological analysis revealed that most cases of AIP are pancreatic manifestations of systemic IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), a newly established disease characterized by enhanced IgG4 antibody responses and the involvement of multiple organs. Although the immuno-pathogenesis of AIP and IgG4-RD has been poorly defined, we recently showed that activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) with the ability to produce large amounts of IFN-α and IL-33 mediates chronic fibro-inflammatory responses in experimental and human AIP. Moreover, M2 macrophages producing a large amount of IL-33 play pathogenic roles in the development of human IgG4-RD. Interestingly, recent studies including ours provide evidence that compositional alterations of gut microbiota are associated with the development of human AIP and IgG4-RD. In addition, intestinal dysbiosis plays pathological roles in the development of chronic pancreatic inflammation as dysbiosis mediates the activation of pDCs producing IFN-α and IL-33, thereby causing experimental AIP. In this Mini Review, we focus on compositional alterations of gut microbiota in AIP and IgG4-RD to clarify the mechanisms by which intestinal dysbiosis contributes to the development of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomohiro Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University, Faculty of Medicine, Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
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20
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Kaminski NE, Kaplan BLF. Immunomodulation by cannabinoids: Current uses, mechanisms, and identification of data gaps to be addressed for additional therapeutic application. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 91:1-59. [PMID: 34099105 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system plays a critical role in immunity and therefore its components, including cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2), are putative druggable targets for immune-mediated diseases. Whether modulating endogenous cannabinoid levels or interacting with CB1 or CB2 receptors directly, cannabinoids or cannabinoid-based therapeutics (CBTs) show promise as anti-inflammatory or immune suppressive agents. Herein we provide an overview of cannabinoid effects in animals and humans that provide support for the use of CBTs in immune-mediated disease such as multiple sclerosis (MS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), asthma, arthritis, diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). This is not an exhaustive review of cannabinoid effects on immune responses, but rather provides: (1) key studies in which initial and/or novel observations were made in animal studies; (2) critical human studies including meta-analyses and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in which CBTs have been assessed; and (3) evidence for the role of CB1 or CB2 receptors in immune-mediated diseases through genetic analyses of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CNR1 and CNR2 genes that encode CB1 or CB2 receptors, respectively. Perhaps most importantly, we provide our view of data gaps that exist, which if addressed, would allow for more rigorous evaluation of the efficacy and risk to benefit ratio of the use of cannabinoids and/or CBTs for immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert E Kaminski
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Center for Research on Ingredient Safety, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Barbara L F Kaplan
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States.
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21
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Ferriere A, Santa P, Garreau A, Bandopadhyay P, Blanco P, Ganguly D, Sisirak V. Self-Nucleic Acid Sensing: A Novel Crucial Pathway Involved in Obesity-Mediated Metaflammation and Metabolic Syndrome. Front Immunol 2021; 11:624256. [PMID: 33574823 PMCID: PMC7870860 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and overweight are a global health problem affecting almost one third of the world population. There are multiple complications associated with obesity including metabolic syndrome that commonly lead to development of type II diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The development of metabolic syndrome and severe complications associated with obesity is attributed to the chronic low-grade inflammation that occurs in metabolic tissues such as the liver and the white adipose tissue. In recent years, nucleic acids (mostly DNA), which accumulate systemically in obese individuals, were shown to aberrantly activate innate immune responses and thus to contribute to metabolic tissue inflammation. This minireview will focus on (i) the main sources and forms of nucleic acids that accumulate during obesity, (ii) the sensing pathways required for their detection, and (iii) the key cellular players involved in this process. Fully elucidating the role of nucleic acids in the induction of inflammation induced by obesity would promote the identification of new and long-awaited therapeutic approaches to limit obesity-mediated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pauline Santa
- CNRS-UMR 5164, Immunoconcept, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne Garreau
- CNRS-UMR 5164, Immunoconcept, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Purbita Bandopadhyay
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Patrick Blanco
- CNRS-UMR 5164, Immunoconcept, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.,Immunology and Immunogenetic Department, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Vanja Sisirak
- CNRS-UMR 5164, Immunoconcept, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
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22
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Zheng C. The emerging roles of NOD-like receptors in antiviral innate immune signaling pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:407-413. [PMID: 33347926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Viral infection triggers host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns or danger-associated molecular patterns to initiate antiviral innate immune responses. NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are a subgroup of cytosolic PRRs. While substantial advances have been made over the past decade, recent studies have unveiled NLRs' emerging roles in the antiviral innate immune signaling pathways. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. Here we present a detailed updated overview and novel insights into NLRs' functions in the antiviral innate immune signaling pathways, including TLR, RLR, and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes signaling pathways, and highlight discrepancies in the reported findings and current challenges to future studies. A better understanding of this interplay's underlying molecular mechanisms is very important to provide scientific and theoretical bases for regulating antiviral innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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23
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The Generation and Regulation of Tissue-Resident Tregs and Their Role in Autoimmune Diseases. J Immunol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8815280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs), as an important subset of T cells, play an important role in maintaining body homeostasis by regulating immune responses and preventing autoimmune diseases. In-depth research finds that Tregs have strong instability and plasticity, and according to their developmental origin, Tregs can be classified into thymic-derived Tregs (tTregs), endogenous-induced Tregs (pTregs), which are produced by antigen-stimulated T cells in the periphery in vivo, and induced Tregs (iTregs), which differentiate from naïve T cells in vitro. In recent years, studies have found that Tregs are divided into lymphatic and tissue-resident Tregs according to their location. Research on the generation and function of lymphoid Tregs has been more comprehensive and thorough, but the role of tissue Tregs is still in the exploratory stage, and it has become a research hot spot. In this review, we discuss the instability and plasticity of Tregs and the latest developments of tissue-resident Tregs in the field of biology, including adipose tissue, colon, skeletal muscle, and other Tregs that have been recently discovered as well as their production, regulation, and function in specific tissues and their role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
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24
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Pal S, Paul B, Bandopadhyay P, Preethy N, Sarkar D, Rahaman O, Goon S, Roy S, Ganguly D, Talukdar A. Synthesis and characterization of new potent TLR7 antagonists based on analysis of the binding mode using biomolecular simulations. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 210:112978. [PMID: 33189437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the endosomal Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) has been implicated in myriad autoimmune diseases and is an established therapeutic target in such conditions. Development of diverse TLR7 antagonists is mainly accomplished through random screening. To correlate human TLR7 (hTLR7) antagonistic activity with the structural features in different chemotypes, we derived a hypothetical binding model based on molecular docking analysis along with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations study. The binding hypothesis revealed different pockets, grooves and a central cavity where ligand-receptor interaction with specific residues through hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions take place, which correlate with TLR7 antagonistic activity thus paving the way for rational design using varied chemotypes. Based on the structural insight thus gained, TLR7 antagonists with quinazoline were designed to understand the effect of engagement of these pockets as well as boundaries of the chemical space associated with them. The newly synthesized most potent hTLR7 antagonist, i.e. compound 63, showed IC50 value of 1.03 ± 0.05 μM and was validated by performing primary assay in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) (IC50pDC: 1.42 μM). The biological validation of the synthesized molecules was performed in TLR7-reporter HEK293 cells as well as in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Our study provides a rational design approach thus facilitating further development of novel small molecule hTLR7 antagonists based on different chemical scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Pal
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, WB, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Barnali Paul
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, WB, India
| | - Purbita Bandopadhyay
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Department of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, CN6, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, WB, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Nagothy Preethy
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, WB, India
| | - Dipika Sarkar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, WB, India
| | - Oindrila Rahaman
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Department of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, CN6, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, WB, India
| | - Sunny Goon
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, WB, India
| | - Swarnali Roy
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, WB, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Department of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, CN6, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, WB, India
| | - Arindam Talukdar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, WB, India.
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25
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Minaga K, Watanabe T, Hara A, Kamata K, Omoto S, Nakai A, Otsuka Y, Sekai I, Yoshikawa T, Yamao K, Takenaka M, Chiba Y, Kudo M. Identification of serum IFN-α and IL-33 as novel biomarkers for type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis and IgG4-related disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14879. [PMID: 32938972 PMCID: PMC7495433 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71848-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a multi-organ autoimmune disease characterized by elevated serum IgG4 concentration. Although serum IgG4 concentration is widely used as a biomarker for IgG4-RD and type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), a pancreatic manifestation of IgG4-RD, a significant number of patients have normal serum IgG4 levels, even in the active phase of the disease. Recently, we reported that the development of experimental AIP and human type 1 AIP is associated with increased expression of IFN-α and IL-33 in the pancreas. In this study, we assessed the utility of serum IFN-α and IL-33 levels as biomarkers for type 1 AIP and IgG4-RD. Serum IFN-α and IL-33 concentrations in patients who met the diagnostic criteria for definite type 1 AIP and/or IgG4-RD were significantly higher than in those with chronic pancreatitis or in healthy controls. Strong correlations between serum IFN-α, IL-33, and IgG4 concentrations were observed. Diagnostic performance of serum IFN-α and IL-33 concentrations as markers of type 1 AIP and/or IgG4-RD was comparable to that of serum IgG4 concentration, as calculated by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Induction of remission by prednisolone treatment markedly decreased the serum concentration of these cytokines. We conclude that serum IFN-α and IL-33 concentrations can be useful as biomarkers for type 1 AIP and IgG4-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Minaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
| | - Akane Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Ken Kamata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Omoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yasuo Otsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Ikue Sekai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Tomoe Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Mamoru Takenaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Chiba
- Clinical Research Center, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
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26
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Chen HJ, Tas SW, de Winther MPJ. Type-I interferons in atherosclerosis. J Exp Med 2020; 217:132613. [PMID: 31821440 PMCID: PMC7037237 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chen et al. review the effects of type-I IFNs and the potential of anti–type-I IFN therapies in atherosclerosis. The contribution of dyslipidemia and inflammation in atherosclerosis is well established. Along with effective lipid-lowering treatments, the recent success of clinical trials with anti-inflammatory therapies and the accelerated atherosclerosis in many autoimmune diseases suggest that targeting inflammation may open new avenues for the prevention and the treatment for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In the past decades, studies have widened the role of type-I interferons (IFNs) in disease, from antivirus defense to autoimmune responses and immuno-metabolic syndromes. While elevated type-I IFN level in serum is associated with CVD incidence in patients with interferonopathies, experimental data have attested that type-I IFNs affect plaque-residing macrophages, potentiate foam cell and extracellular trap formation, induce endothelial dysfunction, alter the phenotypes of dendritic cells and T and B lymphocytes, and lead to exacerbated atherosclerosis outcomes. In this review, we discuss the production and the effects of type-I IFNs in different atherosclerosis-associated cell types from molecular biology studies, animal models, and clinical observations, and the potential of new therapies against type-I IFN signaling for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Jen Chen
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander W Tas
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, and Laboratory for Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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27
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Schaupp L, Muth S, Rogell L, Kofoed-Branzk M, Melchior F, Lienenklaus S, Ganal-Vonarburg SC, Klein M, Guendel F, Hain T, Schütze K, Grundmann U, Schmitt V, Dorsch M, Spanier J, Larsen PK, Schwanz T, Jäckel S, Reinhardt C, Bopp T, Danckwardt S, Mahnke K, Heinz GA, Mashreghi MF, Durek P, Kalinke U, Kretz O, Huber TB, Weiss S, Wilhelm C, Macpherson AJ, Schild H, Diefenbach A, Probst HC. Microbiota-Induced Type I Interferons Instruct a Poised Basal State of Dendritic Cells. Cell 2020; 181:1080-1096.e19. [PMID: 32380006 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Environmental signals shape host physiology and fitness. Microbiota-derived cues are required to program conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) during the steady state so that they can promptly respond and initiate adaptive immune responses when encountering pathogens. However, the molecular underpinnings of microbiota-guided instructive programs are not well understood. Here, we report that the indigenous microbiota controls constitutive production of type I interferons (IFN-I) by plasmacytoid DCs. Using genome-wide analysis of transcriptional and epigenetic regulomes of cDCs from germ-free and IFN-I receptor (IFNAR)-deficient mice, we found that tonic IFNAR signaling instructs a specific epigenomic and metabolic basal state that poises cDCs for future pathogen combat. However, such beneficial biological function comes with a trade-off. Instructed cDCs can prime T cell responses against harmless peripheral antigens when removing roadblocks of peripheral tolerance. Our data provide fresh insights into the evolutionary trade-offs that come with successful adaptation of vertebrates to their microbial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schaupp
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch Strasse 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany; Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology (IMB), Ackermannweg 4, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine Muth
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Research Centre for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Leif Rogell
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch Strasse 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany; Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Max-Planck-Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Stübeweg 51, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Kofoed-Branzk
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch Strasse 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany; Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Max-Planck-Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Stübeweg 51, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Felix Melchior
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Research Centre for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Lienenklaus
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephanie C Ganal-Vonarburg
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University Clinic for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Klein
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Research Centre for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Fabian Guendel
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch Strasse 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany; Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Hain
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Research Centre for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristian Schütze
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Research Centre for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ulrike Grundmann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Hermann-Herder-Str. 11, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Schmitt
- Immunopathology Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Martina Dorsch
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Spanier
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 7, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Pia-Katharina Larsen
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 7, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Schwanz
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Strasse 67, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sven Jäckel
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Reinhardt
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Bopp
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Research Centre for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; University Cancer Center Mainz, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)
| | - Sven Danckwardt
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation, Cancer Research and Experimental Hemostasis, University Medical Centre Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Karsten Mahnke
- Department of Dermatology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gitta Anne Heinz
- Therapeutic Gene Regulation, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mir-Farzin Mashreghi
- Therapeutic Gene Regulation, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pawel Durek
- Therapeutic Gene Regulation, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 7, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Oliver Kretz
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department for Neuroanatomy, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Siegfried Weiss
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wilhelm
- Immunopathology Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrew J Macpherson
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University Clinic for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hansjörg Schild
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Research Centre for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Helmholtz Institute Translational Oncology, Obere Zahlbacher Straße 63, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch Strasse 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany; Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Hans Christian Probst
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Research Centre for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
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28
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Mukherjee A, Raychaudhuri D, Sinha BP, Kundu B, Mitra M, Paul B, Bandopadhyay P, Ganguly D, Talukdar A. A Chemical Switch for Transforming a Purine Agonist for Toll-like Receptor 7 to a Clinically Relevant Antagonist. J Med Chem 2020; 63:4776-4789. [PMID: 32302115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is an established therapeutic target in myriad autoimmune disorders, but no TLR7 antagonist is available for clinical use to date. Herein, we report a purine scaffold TLR7 antagonist, first-of-its-kind to our knowledge, which was developed by rationally dissecting the structural requirements for TLR7-targeted activity for a purine scaffold. Specifically, we identified a singular chemical switch at C-2 that could make a potent purine scaffold TLR7 agonist to lose agonism and acquire antagonist activity, which could further be potentiated by the introduction of an additional basic center at C-6. We ended up developing a clinically relevant TLR7 antagonist with favorable pharmacokinetics and 70.8% oral bioavailability in mice. Moreover, the TLR7 antagonists depicted excellent selectivity against TLR8. To further validate the in vivo applicability of this novel TLR7 antagonist, we demonstrated its excellent efficacy in preventing TLR7-induced pathology in a preclinical murine model of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Mukherjee
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Deblina Raychaudhuri
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Bishnu Prasad Sinha
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Biswajit Kundu
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Mousumi Mitra
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Barnali Paul
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Purbita Bandopadhyay
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Arindam Talukdar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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29
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Minaga K, Watanabe T, Arai Y, Shiokawa M, Hara A, Yoshikawa T, Kamata K, Yamashita K, Kudo M. Activation of interferon regulatory factor 7 in plasmacytoid dendritic cells promotes experimental autoimmune pancreatitis. J Gastroenterol 2020; 55:565-576. [PMID: 31960143 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-020-01662-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive type I IFN (IFN-I) production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) promotes autoimmunity. Recently, we reported that a prominent feature of both experimental autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and human type 1 AIP is pDC activation followed by enhanced production of IFN-I and IL-33. However, the roles played by interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), a critical transcription factor for IFN-I production in pDCs, in these disorders have not been clarified. METHODS Whole and nuclear extracts were isolated from pancreatic mononuclear cells (PMNCs) from MRL/MpJ mice exhibiting AIP. Expression of phospho-IRF7 and nuclear translocation of IRF7 was examined in these extracts by immunoblotting. Pancreatic expression of IRF7 was assessed by immunofluorescence analysis in experimental AIP. Nuclear translocation of IRF7 upon exposure to neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) was assessed in peripheral blood pDCs from type 1 AIP patients. Pancreatic IRF7 expression was examined in surgically operated specimens from type 1 AIP patients. RESULTS IRF7 activation was induced in pancreatic pDCs in experimental AIP. siRNA-mediated knockdown of IRF7 expression prevented AIP development, which was accompanied by a marked reduction in both pancreatic accumulation of pDCs and production of IFN-α and IL-33. Notably, in peripheral blood pDCs isolated from patients with type 1 AIP, nuclear translocation of IRF7 was enhanced as compared with the translocation in pDCs from healthy controls. Furthermore, IRF7-expressing pDCs were detected in the pancreas of patients with type 1 AIP. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the IRF7-IFN-I-IL-33 axis activated in pDCs drives pathogenic innate immune responses associated with type 1 AIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Minaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Arai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shiokawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akane Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Tomoe Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Ken Kamata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kouhei Yamashita
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
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Kamata K, Watanabe T, Minaga K, Hara A, Yoshikawa T, Okamoto A, Yamao K, Takenaka M, Park AM, Kudo M. Intestinal dysbiosis mediates experimental autoimmune pancreatitis via activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Int Immunol 2020; 31:795-809. [PMID: 31287532 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxz050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a pancreatic manifestation of a newly proposed disease entity, IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), characterized by enhanced IgG4 antibody responses and involvement of multiple organs. We have previously reported that innate immune activation contributes to the development of AIP and IgG4-RD, as these diseases are characterized by the production of IFN-α and IL-33 by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) that mediate chronic fibroinflammatory responses. In this study, we investigated the roles played by innate immunity against intestinal microflora in experimental AIP induced in MRL/MpJ mice by repeated administrations of 100 µg of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly (I:C)]. Bowel sterilization with a broad spectrum of antibiotics inhibited pancreatic accumulation of pDCs producing IFN-α and IL-33, and thereby suppressed the development of AIP. Mice treated with 10 µg of poly (I:C) developed severe AIP equivalent to that induced by 100 µg of poly (I:C) upon co-housing with mice treated with 100 µg of poly (I:C). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from donor mice treated with 100 µg of poly (I:C) led to the development of severe AIP in the recipient mice upon injection with 10 µg of poly (I:C). Induction of severe AIP in mice with 10 µg of poly (I:C) was associated with pancreatic accumulation of pDCs producing IFN-α and IL-33 in the co-housing and FMT experiments. These data collectively suggest that innate immune responses against intestinal microflora are involved in the development of experimental AIP, and that intestinal dysbiosis increases sensitivity to experimental AIP via activation of pDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Kamata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Minaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akane Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoe Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayana Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mamoru Takenaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ah-Mee Park
- Department of Microbiology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
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31
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Rehwinkel J, Gack MU. RIG-I-like receptors: their regulation and roles in RNA sensing. Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 20:537-551. [PMID: 32203325 PMCID: PMC7094958 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-0288-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 795] [Impact Index Per Article: 198.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are key sensors of virus infection, mediating the transcriptional induction of type I interferons and other genes that collectively establish an antiviral host response. Recent studies have revealed that both viral and host-derived RNAs can trigger RLR activation; this can lead to an effective antiviral response but also immunopathology if RLR activities are uncontrolled. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the types of RNA sensed by RLRs in the contexts of viral infection, malignancies and autoimmune diseases. We further describe how the activity of RLRs is controlled by host regulatory mechanisms, including RLR-interacting proteins, post-translational modifications and non-coding RNAs. Finally, we discuss key outstanding questions in the RLR field, including how our knowledge of RLR biology could be translated into new therapeutics. The RNA-sensing retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are important inducers of type I interferons and other antiviral immune mediators. Here, Jan Rehwinkel and Michaela Gack explain how members of the RLR family are regulated and reflect on the importance of the RLRs in viral infection, autoimmunity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rehwinkel
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Michaela U Gack
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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32
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Spermidine Suppresses Inflammatory DC Function by Activating the FOXO3 Pathway and Counteracts Autoimmunity. iScience 2019; 23:100807. [PMID: 31962236 PMCID: PMC6971394 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.100807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) function is intimately linked to microenvironment and metabolism. Type I interferons (IFNs) condition dendritic cells to respond to weak self-signals, leading to autoimmunity. However, the metabolic adaption in the process is unclear. Here, we identified spermidine as a critical metabolite impacting the metabolic fitness of DC. First, dynamic metabolome screening indicated that spermidine decreased during IFN priming and following TLR7 ligand stimulation, accompanied by metabolic change from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. Second, spermidine supplement restrained the glycolysis and prevented the overactivation of IFN-α primed DC both in vivo and in vitro. Third, mechanism study uncovered that the activity of FOXO3 adapted to the metabolic change, mediating the anti-inflammatory effect of spermidine. More importantly, addition of spermidine in vivo greatly alleviated the development of psoriasis-like symptom in mice. Thus, our studies revealed metabolic changes boosting DC responses and identified spermidine as a potential therapeutic agent for autoimmune diseases.
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33
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von Meyenn L, Bertschi NL, Schlapbach C. Targeting T Cell Metabolism in Inflammatory Skin Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2285. [PMID: 31608068 PMCID: PMC6769046 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A properly functioning T cell compartment is crucial to protect the host from infections, tumors, and environmental substances. In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that the processes underlying proper T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation require well-tuned and dynamic changes in T cell metabolism. Thus, proper metabolic reprogramming in T cells is crucial to ensure proper immunity in the context of infection and anti-tumor immunity. Conversely, aberrant regulation of T cell metabolism can impair T cell function and thereby contribute to T cell-mediated disease. In this review, the relevance of recent insights into T cell metabolism for prototypical T cell-mediated skin diseases will be discussed and their therapeutic potential will be outlined. First, the major modules of T cell metabolism are summarized. Then, the importance of T cell metabolism for T cell-mediated skin diseases such as psoriasis and allergic contact dermatitis is discussed, based on the current state of our understanding thereof. Finally, novel therapeutic opportunities for inflammatory skin disease that might emerge from investigations in T cell metabolism are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christoph Schlapbach
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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34
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Raychaudhuri D, Duttagupta P, Liu CSC, Sarif J, Ghosh AR, Rahaman O, Ganguly D. Role of Ca 2+ in toll-like receptor 9 activation in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Cytokine 2019; 125:154822. [PMID: 31470365 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are major producers of type I interferons in response to activation of endosomal toll-like receptors (TLRs), e.g. TLR9. While a number of cell biological and intracellular signaling events associated with TLR9 activation in pDCs have been studied, role of free calcium (Ca2+) is not clear. We found that influx of extracellular Ca2+ is crucial for TLR9 mediated IFNα production by human pDCs. We also unraveled a role of Ca2+ in potentiating cellular uptake of self-DNA in complex with the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, LL37, an endogenous ligand for human TLR9 in autoimmune contexts. IFNα in response to TLR9 activation, by CpG oligonucleotides, is tuned within a window of Ca2+ concentration, through a bimodal regulatory switch, by differential engagement of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMKII) and calcineurin phosphatase (CALN). Ca2+ signaling for TLR9 activation at physiologic calcium concentrations depends on CAMKII recruitment, while inhibition of TLR9 activation at supraphysiologic calcium concentrations is mediated by CALN. This bimodal regulation was masked in response to physiological peptide-DNA complexes, presumably due to potentiation of complex formation and increased cellular uptake in higher Ca2+ concentrations. Thus infection susceptibility associated with relevant clinical contexts as well as role of Ca2+ signaling in autoimmune diseases warrant further investigations for novel pathogenetic cues involving pDC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deblina Raychaudhuri
- Dendritic Cell Biology Laboratory, Division of Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorders, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.
| | - Pritam Duttagupta
- Dendritic Cell Biology Laboratory, Division of Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorders, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Chinky Shiu Chen Liu
- Dendritic Cell Biology Laboratory, Division of Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorders, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Jafar Sarif
- Dendritic Cell Biology Laboratory, Division of Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorders, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Amrit Raj Ghosh
- Dendritic Cell Biology Laboratory, Division of Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorders, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Oindrila Rahaman
- Dendritic Cell Biology Laboratory, Division of Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorders, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- Dendritic Cell Biology Laboratory, Division of Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorders, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.
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Raychaudhuri D, Bhattacharya R, Sinha BP, Liu CSC, Ghosh AR, Rahaman O, Bandopadhyay P, Sarif J, D'Rozario R, Paul S, Das A, Sarkar DK, Chattopadhyay S, Ganguly D. Lactate Induces Pro-tumor Reprogramming in Intratumoral Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1878. [PMID: 31440253 PMCID: PMC6692712 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are the most efficient producers of type I interferons, viz. IFNα, in the body and thus have the ability to influence anti-tumor immune responses. But repression of effective intra-tumoral pDC activation is a key immuno-evasion strategy exhibited in tumors—tumor-recruited pDCs are rendered “tolerogenic,” characterized by deficiency in IFNα induction and ability to expand regulatory T cells in situ. But the tumor-derived factors that drive this functional reprogramming of intra-tumoral pDCs are not established. In this study we aimed at exploring if intra-tumoral abundance of the oncometabolite lactate influences intra-tumoral pDC function. We found that lactate attenuates IFNα induction by pDCs mediated by intracellular Ca2+ mobilization triggered by cell surface GPR81 receptor as well as directly by cytosolic import of lactate in pDCs through the cell surface monocarboxylate transporters, affecting cellular metabolism needed for effective pDC activation. We also found that lactate enhances tryptophan metabolism and kynurenine production by pDCs which contribute to induction of FoxP3+ CD4+ regulatory T cells, the major immunosuppressive immune cell subset in tumor microenvironment. We validated these mechanisms of lactate-driven pDC reprogramming by looking into tumor recruited pDCs isolated from patients with breast cancers as well as in a preclinical model of breast cancer in mice. Thus, we discovered a hitherto unknown link between intra-tumoral abundance of an oncometabolite resulting from metabolic adaptation in cancer cells and the pro-tumor tolerogenic function of tumor-recruited pDCs, revealing new therapeutic targets for potentiating anti-cancer immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deblina Raychaudhuri
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Roopkatha Bhattacharya
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Bishnu Prasad Sinha
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Chinky Shiu Chen Liu
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Amrit Raj Ghosh
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Oindrila Rahaman
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Purbita Bandopadhyay
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Jafar Sarif
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Ranit D'Rozario
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Santu Paul
- Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Anirban Das
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Diptendra K Sarkar
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Samit Chattopadhyay
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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36
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Puhm F, Afonyushkin T, Resch U, Obermayer G, Rohde M, Penz T, Schuster M, Wagner G, Rendeiro AF, Melki I, Kaun C, Wojta J, Bock C, Jilma B, Mackman N, Boilard E, Binder CJ. Mitochondria Are a Subset of Extracellular Vesicles Released by Activated Monocytes and Induce Type I IFN and TNF Responses in Endothelial Cells. Circ Res 2019; 125:43-52. [PMID: 31219742 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.314601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Extracellular vesicles, including microvesicles, are increasingly recognized as important mediators in cardiovascular disease. The cargo and surface proteins they carry are considered to define their biological activity, including their inflammatory properties. Monocyte to endothelial cell signaling is a prerequisite for the propagation of inflammatory responses. However, the contribution of microvesicles in this process is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the mechanisms by which microvesicles derived from activated monocytic cells exert inflammatory effects on endothelial cells. METHODS AND RESULTS LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-stimulated monocytic cells release free mitochondria and microvesicles with mitochondrial content as demonstrated by flow cytometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western Blot, and transmission electron microscopy. Using RNAseq analysis and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we demonstrated that both mitochondria directly isolated from and microvesicles released by LPS-activated monocytic cells, as well as circulating microvesicles isolated from volunteers receiving low-dose LPS-injections, induce type I IFN (interferon), and TNF (tumor necrosis factor) responses in endothelial cells. Depletion of free mitochondria significantly reduced the ability of these microvesicles to induce type I IFN and TNF-dependent genes. We identified mitochondria-associated TNFα and RNA from stressed mitochondria as major inducers of these responses. Finally, we demonstrated that the proinflammatory potential of microvesicles and directly isolated mitochondria were drastically reduced when they were derived from monocytic cells with nonrespiring mitochondria or monocytic cells cultured in the presence of pyruvate or the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species scavenger MitoTEMPO. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondria and mitochondria embedded in microvesicles constitute a major subset of extracellular vesicles released by activated monocytes, and their proinflammatory activity on endothelial cells is determined by the activation status of their parental cells. Thus, mitochondria may represent critical intercellular mediators in cardiovascular disease and other inflammatory settings associated with type I IFN and TNF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Puhm
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine (F.P., T.A., G.O., G.W., C.B., C.J.B.).,Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna (F.P., T.A., G.O., T.P., M.S., A.F.R., C.B., C.J.B.)
| | - Taras Afonyushkin
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine (F.P., T.A., G.O., G.W., C.B., C.J.B.).,Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna (F.P., T.A., G.O., T.P., M.S., A.F.R., C.B., C.J.B.)
| | | | - Georg Obermayer
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine (F.P., T.A., G.O., G.W., C.B., C.J.B.).,Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna (F.P., T.A., G.O., T.P., M.S., A.F.R., C.B., C.J.B.)
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany (M.R.)
| | - Thomas Penz
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna (F.P., T.A., G.O., T.P., M.S., A.F.R., C.B., C.J.B.)
| | - Michael Schuster
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna (F.P., T.A., G.O., T.P., M.S., A.F.R., C.B., C.J.B.)
| | - Gabriel Wagner
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine (F.P., T.A., G.O., G.W., C.B., C.J.B.)
| | - Andre F Rendeiro
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna (F.P., T.A., G.O., T.P., M.S., A.F.R., C.B., C.J.B.)
| | - Imene Melki
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Faculty of Medicine, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada (I.M., E.B.)
| | | | - Johann Wojta
- Department of Internal Medicine II (C.K., J.W.).,Core Facilities (J.W.).,Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria (J.W.)
| | - Christoph Bock
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine (F.P., T.A., G.O., G.W., C.B., C.J.B.).,Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna (F.P., T.A., G.O., T.P., M.S., A.F.R., C.B., C.J.B.)
| | - Bernd Jilma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (B.J.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Eric Boilard
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Faculty of Medicine, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada (I.M., E.B.)
| | - Christoph J Binder
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine (F.P., T.A., G.O., G.W., C.B., C.J.B.).,Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna (F.P., T.A., G.O., T.P., M.S., A.F.R., C.B., C.J.B.)
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Bartoloni E, Alunno A, Cafaro G, Valentini V, Bistoni O, Bonifacio AF, Gerli R. Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Does Inflammation Matter? Front Immunol 2019; 10:817. [PMID: 31110500 PMCID: PMC6499202 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease mainly characterized by inflammatory involvement of exocrine gland. Atherosclerosis is a complex process leading to plaque formation in arterial wall with subsequent cardiovascular (CV) events. Recently, numerous studies demonstrated that SS patients bear an increased CV risk. Since activation of immune system is a key element in atherosclerosis, it is interesting to analyze whether and how the autoimmune and inflammatory events characterizing SS pathogenesis directly or indirectly contribute to atherosclerosis risk in these patients. An increase in circulating endothelial microparticles and integrins, which may be a consequence of endothelial damage and impaired repair mechanisms, has been demonstrated in SS. Increased endothelial expression of adhesion molecules with subsequent infiltration of inflammatory cells into arterial wall is also a critical event in atherosclerosis. The early inflammatory events taking place in the atherosclerotic plaque cause an increase in alarmins, such as S100A8/A9, which seems to be associated with SS disease activity and, in turn, induce up-regulation of interleukin (IL)-1β and other pro-atherogenic cytokines. Interestingly, increased IL-1β levels were also detected in tertiary lymphoid structures developing in vessel adventitia adjacent to the atherosclerotic plaque, suggesting a direct role of IL-1β in this process. Similar to these structures, germinal center-like structures arising in SS exocrine glands are also tertiary lymphoid systems where T-helper (Th) cell subsets govern the adaptive immune response. Th1 cells are the most prevalent subtype and have been shown to be strongly involved in both SS pathogenesis and atherosclerosis. Th17 cells are attracting great interest and few studies showed its importance in SS development. Albeit in low amounts, a Th17 signature was also detected in atherosclerotic plaques and some animal models demonstrated a significant pro-atherogenic role and positive effects of IL-17A blockade. Despite the fact that T cells have a pivotal role in the inflammatory process that ultimately leads to atherosclerosis, B cells have also been detected in atherosclerotic plaques, although their exact role is still mostly unknown with studies showing contrasting results. In this scenario, the role of inflammation in atherosclerosis pathogenesis in patients with SS needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bartoloni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessia Alunno
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Cafaro
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Valentina Valentini
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Onelia Bistoni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Gerli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Rahaman O, Bhattacharya R, Liu CSC, Raychaudhuri D, Ghosh AR, Bandopadhyay P, Pal S, Goswami RP, Sircar G, Ghosh P, Ganguly D. Cutting Edge: Dysregulated Endocannabinoid-Rheostat for Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Activation in a Systemic Lupus Endophenotype. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:1674-1679. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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39
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Zegarra-Ruiz DF, El Beidaq A, Iñiguez AJ, Lubrano Di Ricco M, Manfredo Vieira S, Ruff WE, Mubiru D, Fine RL, Sterpka J, Greiling TM, Dehner C, Kriegel MA. A Diet-Sensitive Commensal Lactobacillus Strain Mediates TLR7-Dependent Systemic Autoimmunity. Cell Host Microbe 2018; 25:113-127.e6. [PMID: 30581114 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Western lifestyle is linked to autoimmune and metabolic diseases, driven by changes in diet and gut microbiota composition. Using Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)-dependent mouse models of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we dissect dietary effects on the gut microbiota and find that Lactobacillus reuteri can drive autoimmunity but is ameliorated by dietary resistant starch (RS). Culture of internal organs and 16S rDNA sequencing revealed TLR7-dependent translocation of L. reuteri in mice and fecal enrichment of Lactobacillus in a subset of SLE patients. L. reuteri colonization worsened autoimmune manifestations under specific-pathogen-free and gnotobiotic conditions, notably increasing plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and interferon signaling. However, RS suppressed the abundance and translocation of L. reuteri via short-chain fatty acids, which inhibited its growth. Additionally, RS decreased pDCs, interferon pathways, organ involvement, and mortality. Thus, RS exerts beneficial effects in lupus-prone hosts through suppressing a pathobiont that promotes interferon pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of human autoimmunity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autoimmunity
- Clostridiaceae
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Diet
- Diet Therapy
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fatty Acids, Volatile/antagonists & inhibitors
- Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism
- Feces/microbiology
- Female
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Germ-Free Life
- Glomerulonephritis/pathology
- Humans
- Hypersensitivity
- Interferon Type I/metabolism
- Kidney/pathology
- Lactobacillus/drug effects
- Lactobacillus/genetics
- Lactobacillus/pathogenicity
- Limosilactobacillus reuteri
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/microbiology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/mortality
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Starch
- Survival Rate
- Toll-Like Receptor 7/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Zegarra-Ruiz
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Asmaa El Beidaq
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Alonso J Iñiguez
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | | | - Silvio Manfredo Vieira
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - William E Ruff
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Derek Mubiru
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Rebecca L Fine
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - John Sterpka
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Teri M Greiling
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Carina Dehner
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Martin A Kriegel
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
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40
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Yoshikawa T, Watanabe T, Minaga K, Kamata K, Kudo M. Cytokines produced by innate immune cells in IgG4-related disease. Mod Rheumatol 2018; 29:219-225. [PMID: 30334477 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2018.1536364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a newly defined multi-organ disease proposed by Japanese physicians. IgG4-RD is characterized by elevated serum levels of IgG4 and massive infiltration of IgG4-expressing plasma cells in the affected organs. Recent studies have shown that abnormal adaptive immune responses mediated by T helper type 2 cells, regulatory T cells, follicular helper T cells, cytotoxic CD4+ T cells, and plasmablasts are involved in IgG4-RD immunopathogenesis. In addition to adaptive immune responses, innate immune responses play pathogenic roles in IgG4-RD. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), M2 macrophages, and basophils are activated to produce various kinds of cytokines in IgG4-RD. Recent studies highlight the importance of type I IFN and IL-33 produced by pDCs in IgG4-RD immunopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoe Yoshikawa
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka , Japan
| | - Tomohiro Watanabe
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka , Japan
| | - Kosuke Minaga
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka , Japan
| | - Ken Kamata
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka , Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka , Japan
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41
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Activity-guided development of potent and selective toll-like receptor 9 antagonists. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 159:187-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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42
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Watanabe T, Minaga K, Kamata K, Kudo M, Strober W. Mechanistic Insights into Autoimmune Pancreatitis and IgG4-Related Disease. Trends Immunol 2018; 39:874-889. [PMID: 30401468 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a pancreatic manifestation of a recently defined disease form known as IgG4-related disease (AIP/IgG4-RD). AIP/IgG4-RD is characterized by elevated systemic IgG4 antibody concentrations and lesional tissues infiltrated by IgG4-expressing plasmacytes. In addition, recent studies have revealed that, in common with other autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and psoriasis, AIP/IgG4-RD is associated with increased type I IFN (IFN-I) production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). However, unlike SLE, AIP/IgG4-RD is characterized by elevated IFN-I-dependent IL-33 production, the latter emerging as an important contributor to inflammation and fibrotic responses characterizing this disease. On this basis, we propose that blockade of the IFN-I/IL-33 axis might constitute a successful approach to treating this unique type of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan; Mucosal Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Kosuke Minaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Ken Kamata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Warren Strober
- Mucosal Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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43
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Kumar V. Dendritic cells in sepsis: Potential immunoregulatory cells with therapeutic potential. Mol Immunol 2018; 101:615-626. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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44
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Sharma A, Rudra D. Emerging Functions of Regulatory T Cells in Tissue Homeostasis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:883. [PMID: 29887862 PMCID: PMC5989423 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are a unique subset of helper T-cells, which regulate immune response and establish peripheral tolerance. Tregs not only maintain the tone and tenor of an immune response by dominant tolerance but, in recent years, have also been identified as key players in resolving tissue inflammation and as mediators of tissue healing. Apart from being diverse in their origin (thymic and peripheral) and location (lymphoid and tissue resident), Tregs are also phenotypically heterogeneous as per the orientation of ongoing immune response. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the field of Treg biology in general, and non-lymphoid and tissue-resident Tregs in particular. We elaborate upon well-known visceral adipose tissue, colon, skin, and tumor-infiltrating Tregs and newly identified tissue Treg populations as in lungs, skeletal muscle, placenta, and other tissues. Our attempt is to differentiate Tregs based on distinctive properties of their location, origin, ligand specificity, chemotaxis, and specific suppressive mechanisms. Despite ever expanding roles in maintaining systemic homeostasis, Tregs are employed by large varieties of tumors to dampen antitumor immunity. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of Treg biology in the context of inflammation can be instrumental in effectively managing tissue transplantation, autoimmunity, and antitumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Sharma
- Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, South Korea.,Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
| | - Dipayan Rudra
- Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, South Korea.,Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
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