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Zhang L, Liang H, Bjureberg J, Xiong F, Cai Z. The Association Between Emotion Recognition and Internalizing Problems in Children and Adolescents: A Three-Level Meta-Analysis. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:1-20. [PMID: 37991601 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01891-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have explored the link between how well youth recognize emotions and their internalizing problems, but a consensus remains elusive. This study used a three-level meta-analysis model to quantitatively synthesize the findings of existing studies to assess the relationship. A moderation analysis was also conducted to explore the sources of research heterogeneity. Through a systematic literature search, a total of 42 studies with 201 effect sizes were retrieved for the current meta-analysis, and 7579 participants were included. Emotion recognition was negatively correlated with internalizing problems. Children and adolescents with weaker emotion recognition skills were more likely to have internalizing problems. In addition, this meta-analysis found that publication year had a significant moderating effect. The correlation between emotion recognition and internalizing problems decreased over time. The degree of internalizing problems was also found to be a significant moderator. The correlation between emotion recognition and internalizing disorders was higher than the correlation between emotion recognition and internalizing symptoms. Deficits in emotion recognition might be relevant for the development and/or maintenance of internalizing problems in children and adolescents. The overall effect was small and future research should explore the clinical relevance of the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.
| | - Heting Liang
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Johan Bjureberg
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fen Xiong
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihui Cai
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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2
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Liuzzi MT, Kryza-Lacombe M, Christian IR, Owen C, Redcay E, Riggins T, Dougherty LR, Wiggins JL. Irritability in early to middle childhood: Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations with resting state amygdala and ventral striatum connectivity. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 60:101206. [PMID: 36736018 PMCID: PMC9918422 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritability is a common symptom that may affect children's brain development. This study aims to (1) characterize age-dependent and age-independent neural correlates of irritability in a sample of 4-8 year old children, and (2) examine early irritability as a predictor of change in brain connectivity over time. METHODS Typically developing children, ages 4-8 years, with varying levels of irritability were included. Resting state fMRI and parent-rated irritability (via Child Behavior Checklist; CBCL) were collected at up to three time points, resulting in a cross-sectional sample at baseline (N = 176, M = 6.27, SD = 1.49), and two subsamples consisting of children who were either 4 or 6 years old at baseline that were followed longitudinally for two additional timepoints, one- and two-years post-baseline. That is, a "younger" cohort (age 4 at baseline, n = 34, M age = 4.44, SD = 0.25) and an "older" cohort (age 6 at baseline, n = 29, M age = 6.50, SD = 0.30). Across our exploratory analyses, we examined how irritability related to seed-based intrinsic connectivity via whole-brain connectivity ANCOVAs using the left and right amygdala, and left and right ventral striatum as seed regions. RESULTS Cross-sectionally, higher levels of irritability were associated with greater amygdala connectivity with the posterior cingulate, controlling for child age. No age-dependent effects were observed in the cross-sectional analyses. Longitudinal analyses in the younger cohort revealed that early higher vs. lower levels of irritability, controlling for later irritability, were associated with decreases in amygdala and ventral striatum connectivity with multiple frontal and parietal regions over time. There were no significant findings in the older cohort. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that irritability is related to altered neural connectivity during rest regardless of age in early to middle childhood and that early childhood irritability may be linked to altered changes in neural connectivity over time. Understanding how childhood irritability interacts with neural processes can inform pathophysiological models of pediatric irritability and the development of targeted mechanistic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. Liuzzi
- San Diego State University, Department of Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA,Correspondence to: 6363 Alvarado Ct., Ste 103, San Diego, CA 92120, USA.
| | - Maria Kryza-Lacombe
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Cassidy Owen
- San Diego State University, Department of Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Redcay
- University of Maryland, Department of Psychology, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Tracy Riggins
- University of Maryland, Department of Psychology, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Lea R. Dougherty
- University of Maryland, Department of Psychology, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Jillian Lee Wiggins
- San Diego State University, Department of Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA,San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
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3
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Bérubé A, Turgeon J, Blais C, Fiset D. Emotion Recognition in Adults With a History of Childhood Maltreatment: A Systematic Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2023; 24:278-294. [PMID: 34238064 PMCID: PMC9660286 DOI: 10.1177/15248380211029403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Child maltreatment has many well-documented lasting effects on children. Among its consequences, it affects children's recognition of emotions. More and more studies are recognizing the lasting effect that a history of maltreatment can have on emotion recognition. A systematic literature review was conducted to better understand this relationship. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was used and four databases were searched, MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and FRANCIS, using three cross-referenced key words: child abuse, emotion recognition, and adults. The search process identified 23 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The review highlights the wide variety of measures used to assess child maltreatment as well as the different protocols used to measure emotion recognition. The results indicate that adults with a history of childhood maltreatment show a differentiated reaction to happiness, anger, and fear. Happiness is less detected, whereas negative emotions are recognized more rapidly and at a lower intensity compared to adults not exposed to such traumatic events. Emotion recognition is also related to greater brain activation for the maltreated group. However, the results are less consistent for adults who also have a diagnosis of mental health problems. The systematic review found that maltreatment affects the perception of emotions expressed on both adult and child faces. However, more research is needed to better understand how a history of maltreatment is related to adults' perception of children's emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Bérubé
- Department of Psychology and Psychoeducation, Université du Québec
en Outaouais, Gatineau, Québec, Canada
- Annie Bérubé, Department of Psychology and
Psychoeducation, Université du Québec en Outaouais, P.O. Box 1250, Station Hull,
Gatineau, Québec, Canada J8X 3X7.
| | - Jessica Turgeon
- Department of Psychology and Psychoeducation, Université du Québec
en Outaouais, Gatineau, Québec, Canada
| | - Caroline Blais
- Department of Psychology and Psychoeducation, Université du Québec
en Outaouais, Gatineau, Québec, Canada
| | - Daniel Fiset
- Department of Psychology and Psychoeducation, Université du Québec
en Outaouais, Gatineau, Québec, Canada
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4
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Sudit E, Luby J, Gilbert K. Sad, Sadder, Saddest: Recognition of Sad and Happy Emotional Intensity, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Depressive Symptoms in Preschoolers. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022; 53:1221-1230. [PMID: 34117580 PMCID: PMC8664896 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACES) have repeatedly been associated with depression. The ability to differentiate emotional intensity is a protective factor for psychopathology and in the context of life stressors, poor negative emotion differentiation (ED) is associated with depressive symptoms. However, little is known about whether the ability to recognize negative emotional intensity, a theorized developmental prerequisite of ED, influences the relationship between ACES and depressive symptoms in early childhood. The current study examined the interactive effects of ACES, the ability to recognize emotional intensity and depressive symptoms in 249 preschoolers enriched for depression. Findings demonstrated that when experiencing ACES, sad (not happy) emotion recognition was associated with elevated depressive symptoms. Specifically, when facing multiple ACEs, preschoolers with poor and moderate ability to recognize sad emotional intensity exhibited elevated depressive symptoms. Findings demonstrate that when experiencing elevated ACES, sad emotion recognition may be a protective factor for depression in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Sudit
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park, Suite 2100, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Joan Luby
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park, Suite 2100, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Kirsten Gilbert
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park, Suite 2100, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA.
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5
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Devi B, Preetha MMSJ. Impact of self adaptive-elephant herding optimization towards neural network for facial emotion recognition. WEB INTELLIGENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/web-210481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
FACIAL expression is one of the most efficient, universal and fundamental indicators to identify their emotions and intentions in humans. Various experiments have already been performed on automatic Facial Emotion Recognition (FER) owing to useful significance in medical diagnosis, stress monitoring for drivers, sociable robots, and other human-computer interface devices. Here, this proposed framework consists of two processes namely; “(i) proposed feature extraction and (ii) classification”. Here, a major novelty relies in the initial phase (i.e. feature extraction phase), where the Proposed Local Vector Pattern (Proposed- LVP) based features are extracted. In addition to the proposed-LVP, the other Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) based features are also extracted. Besides, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method is used for reducing the dimension of the features. Further, they are subjected to classification process, where Optimized Neural Network (NN) is used. More particularly, a new Improved Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO) model termed as Self Adaptive-EHO (SA-EHO) is used to train the NN model via selecting the optimal weights. At last, the proposed work performance is computed over the other traditional systems with respect to the positive measures like “accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and precision”; negative measures like “False Positive Rate (FPR), False Negative Rate (FNR) and False Discovery Rate (FDR)”; other measures like “Negative Predictive Value (NPV), F1-score and Matthew’s Correlation Coefficient (MCC)”, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyashri Devi
- Department of ECE, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Tamilnadu, India
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6
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Sugaya LS, Kircanski K, Stringaris A, Polanczyk GV, Leibenluft E. Validation of an irritability measure in preschoolers in school-based and clinical Brazilian samples. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 31:577-587. [PMID: 33389159 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-020-01701-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The Affective Reactivity Index (ARI) is an irritability measure with good psychometric properties. However, there are no published studies in preschool children, an important population in which to differentiate normative from non-normative irritability. The goal of this study was to validate the ARI in preschoolers. Two samples were included: a school-based sample (N = 487, mean age = 57.80 ± 7.23 months, 52.8% male) and a clinical sample of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; N = 153, mean age = 60.5 ± 7.6 months, 83.7% males). Confirmatory factor analysis assessed ARI unidimensionality. ARI criterion validity was tested through comparison to other scales measuring irritability, related constructs, and other aspects of psychopathology. Test-retest reliability was assessed in the school-based sample. Analyses confirmed a single-factor structure and good internal consistency. The ARI showed stronger correlations with irritability measures than with measures of other constructs. In the clinical sample, ADHD children with comorbid disruptive behavior disorders had higher ARI scores than those without this comorbidity. In the school-based sample, test-retest reliability was moderate. This is the first study to demonstrate ARI validity and reliability in preschoolers. The scale performed well in both school-based and clinical samples. Having a concise and validated irritability measure for preschoolers may facilitate both clinical assessment and research on early irritability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Shiguemi Sugaya
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 15K-MSC 2670, Bethesda, MD, 20892-2670, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Katharina Kircanski
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 15K-MSC 2670, Bethesda, MD, 20892-2670, USA
| | - Argyris Stringaris
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 15K-MSC 2670, Bethesda, MD, 20892-2670, USA
| | - Guilherme V Polanczyk
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ellen Leibenluft
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 15K-MSC 2670, Bethesda, MD, 20892-2670, USA
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7
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Trait irritability in adults is unrelated to face emotion identification. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Genetic Overlap Profiles of Cognitive Ability in Psychotic and Affective Illnesses: A Multisite Study of Multiplex Pedigrees. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 90:373-384. [PMID: 33975707 PMCID: PMC8403107 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is a key feature of psychiatric illness, making cognition an important tool for exploring of the genetics of illness risk. It remains unclear which measures should be prioritized in pleiotropy-guided research. Here, we generate profiles of genetic overlap between psychotic and affective disorders and cognitive measures in Caucasian and Hispanic groups. METHODS Data were from 4 samples of extended pedigrees (N = 3046). Coefficient of relationship analyses were used to estimate genetic overlap between illness risk and cognitive ability. Results were meta-analyzed. RESULTS Psychosis was characterized by cognitive impairments on all measures with a generalized profile of genetic overlap. General cognitive ability shared greatest genetic overlap with psychosis risk (average endophenotype ranking value [ERV] across samples from a random-effects meta-analysis = 0.32), followed by verbal memory (ERV = 0.24), executive function (ERV = 0.22), and working memory (ERV = 0.21). For bipolar disorder, there was genetic overlap with processing speed (ERV = 0.05) and verbal memory (ERV = 0.11), but these were confined to select samples. Major depressive disorder was characterized by enhanced working and face memory performance, as reflected in significant genetic overlap in 2 samples. CONCLUSIONS There is substantial genetic overlap between risk for psychosis and a range of cognitive abilities (including general intelligence). Most of these effects are largely stable across of ascertainment strategy and ethnicity. Genetic overlap between affective disorders and cognition, on the other hand, tends to be specific to ascertainment strategy, ethnicity, and cognitive test battery.
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9
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Rappaport LM, Di Nardo N, Brotman MA, Pine DS, Leibenluft E, Roberson-Nay R, Hettema JM. Pediatric anxiety associated with altered facial emotion recognition. J Anxiety Disord 2021; 82:102432. [PMID: 34146888 PMCID: PMC8364876 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiple psychiatric disorders are associated with difficulties in facial emotion recognition. However, generalized anxiety disorder may be associated with more accurate recognition of others' emotional expressions, particularly expressions of happiness and fear, which index safety and threat. Children aged 9-14 from a community sample (N = 601) completed a facial emotion labeling task. Children's symptoms of depressive and anxiety syndromes were assessed by self- and parent-report. Elevated symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder were associated with more accurate facial emotion recognition (β = 0.16, p = 0.007), specifically recognition of happiness (β = 0.17, p = 0.002) and fear (β = 0.15, p = 0.006). Elevated depressive symptoms were associated with less accurate facial emotion recognition (β = -0.12, p = 0.018), specifically happiness (β = -0.15, p = 0.002). Elevated symptoms of separation anxiety disorder were also associated with less accurate facial emotion recognition (β = -0.16, p = 0.003), specifically happiness (β = -0.15, p = 0.006) and fear (β = -0.15, p = 0.005), which highlights the importance of distinguishing between anxiety syndromes. Results held when adjusting for child age and sex. Evidence that symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder are associated with more accurate recognition of happiness and fear is consistent with theories of heightened social vigilance and support a transdiagnostic role of facial emotion recognition that may inform the psychosocial development of youth with anxiety and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance M. Rappaport
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Nicole Di Nardo
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa A. Brotman
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel S. Pine
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ellen Leibenluft
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Roxann Roberson-Nay
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - John M. Hettema
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Bryan, Texas, USA
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10
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Gulamani T, Rodrigo AH, Uliaszek AA, Ruocco AC. Facial Emotion Perception in Families Affected With Borderline Personality Disorder. J Pers Disord 2021; 35:132-148. [PMID: 33650891 DOI: 10.1521/pedi_2021_35_514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Emotion perception biases may precipitate problematic interpersonal interactions in families affected with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and lead to conflictual relationships. In the present study, the authors investigated the familial aggregation of facial emotion recognition biases for neutral, happy, sad, fearful, and angry expressions in probands with BPD (n = 89), first-degree biological relatives (n = 67), and healthy controls (n = 87). Relatives showed comparable accuracy and response times to controls in recognizing negative emotions in aggregate and most discrete emotions. For sad expressions, both probands and relatives displayed slower response latencies, and they were more likely than controls to perceive sad expressions as fearful. Nonpsychiatrically affected relatives were slower than controls in responding to negative emotional expressions in aggregate, and fearful and sad facial expressions more specifically. These findings uncover potential biases in perceiving sad and fearful facial expressions that may be transmitted in families affected with BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anthony C Ruocco
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, and the Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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11
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Rappaport LM, Hunter MD, Russell JJ, Pinard G, Bleau P, Moskowitz DS. Emotional and interpersonal mechanisms in community SSRI treatment of social anxiety disorder. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2021; 46:E56-E64. [PMID: 33026311 PMCID: PMC7955850 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.190164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Affective and interpersonal behavioural patterns characteristic of social anxiety disorder show improvement during treatment with serotonin agonists (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), commonly used in the treatment of social anxiety disorder. The present study sought to establish whether, during community psychopharmacological treatment of social anxiety disorder, changes in positive or negative affect and agreeable or quarrelsome behaviour mediate improvement in social anxiety symptom severity or follow from it. METHODS Adults diagnosed with social anxiety disorder (n = 48) recorded their interpersonal behaviour and affect naturalistically in an event-contingent recording procedure for 1-week periods before and during the first 4 months of treatment with paroxetine. Participants and treating psychiatrists assessed the severity of social anxiety symptoms monthly. A multivariate latent change score framework examined temporally lagged associations of change in affect and interpersonal behaviour with change in social anxiety symptom severity. RESULTS Elevated agreeable behaviour and positive affect predicted greater subsequent reduction in social anxiety symptom severity over the following month of treatment. Elevated negative affect, but not quarrelsome behaviour, predicted less subsequent reduction in symptom severity. LIMITATIONS Limitations included limited assessment of extreme behaviour (e.g., violence) that may have precluded examining the efficacy of paroxetine because of the lack of a placebo control group. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that interpersonal behaviour and affect may be putative mechanisms of action for serotonergic treatment of social anxiety disorder. Prosocial behaviour and positive affect increase during serotonergic treatment of social anxiety disorder. Specifically, modulating agreeable behaviour, positive affect and negative affect in individuals' daily lives may partially explain and refine clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance M Rappaport
- From the Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ont., Canada (Rappaport); the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Rappaport); the Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Rappaport, Russell, Moskowitz); the School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA (Hunter); and the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Russell, Pinard, Bleau)
| | - Michael D Hunter
- From the Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ont., Canada (Rappaport); the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Rappaport); the Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Rappaport, Russell, Moskowitz); the School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA (Hunter); and the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Russell, Pinard, Bleau)
| | - Jennifer J Russell
- From the Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ont., Canada (Rappaport); the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Rappaport); the Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Rappaport, Russell, Moskowitz); the School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA (Hunter); and the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Russell, Pinard, Bleau)
| | - Gilbert Pinard
- From the Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ont., Canada (Rappaport); the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Rappaport); the Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Rappaport, Russell, Moskowitz); the School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA (Hunter); and the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Russell, Pinard, Bleau)
| | - Pierre Bleau
- From the Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ont., Canada (Rappaport); the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Rappaport); the Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Rappaport, Russell, Moskowitz); the School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA (Hunter); and the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Russell, Pinard, Bleau)
| | - D S Moskowitz
- From the Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ont., Canada (Rappaport); the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Rappaport); the Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Rappaport, Russell, Moskowitz); the School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA (Hunter); and the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Russell, Pinard, Bleau)
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12
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Christova P, Joseph J, Georgopoulos AP. Behavioral-genetic associations in the Human Connectome Project. Exp Brain Res 2020; 238:2445-2456. [PMID: 32776238 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-020-05893-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The Human Connectome Project (HCP) provides a rich dataset of quantitative and domain-specific behavioral measures from twins and extensive family structures. This makes the dataset a unique and a valuable resource to investigate heritability and determine individual differences. Using a set of measures of behavioral domains (motor, emotion, personality, sensory, and cognition), we estimated the intraclass correlations (ICCs) and heritability of 56 behavioral measures for 4 genetically identified groups of participants: monozygotic (MZ) twins, dizygotic (DZ) twins, non-twin siblings (SB), and unrelated individuals (NR). The ICCs range varied among behavioral domains but systematically so among the four genetic groups. We found the same rank order of ICCs, from the highest values for MZ twins, statistically significantly smaller for the DZ twins and sibling group (compared to MZ), and close to zero for NR. The mean heritability values of the five behavioral domains were: cognition h2 = 0.405, emotion h2 = 0.316, motor h2 = 0.138, personality h2 = 0.444, and sensory h2 = 0.193. These domains share overlapping brain networks. The heritability of motor domain was significantly smaller than cognitive, personality, and emotion domains. These findings provide new insight into the effect of genetics on the various diverse behavioral measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peka Christova
- Brain Sciences Center (11B), Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis VAHCS, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Jasmine Joseph
- Brain Sciences Center (11B), Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis VAHCS, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Apostolos P Georgopoulos
- Brain Sciences Center (11B), Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis VAHCS, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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O'Brien KJ, Barch DM, Kandala S, Karcher NR. Examining Specificity of Neural Correlates of Childhood Psychotic-like Experiences During an Emotional n-Back Task. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2020; 5:580-590. [PMID: 32354687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) during childhood are associated with greater risk of developing a psychotic disorder in adulthood, highlighting the importance of identifying neural correlates of childhood PLEs. Furthermore, impairment of cognitive functions, such as working memory and emotion regulation, has also been linked to psychosis risk as well as to disruptions in several brain regions. However, impairments in these domains have also been linked to other disorders, including depression. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine whether neural impairments in regions associated with working memory and implicit emotion regulation impairments are specific to PLEs versus depression. METHODS The current study used an emotional n-back task to examine the relationship between childhood PLEs and neural activation of regions involved in both working memory and implicit emotion regulation using data from 8805 9- to 11-year-olds in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study 2.0 release. To examine specificity, we also analyzed associations with depressive symptoms. RESULTS Our results indicated that increased PLEs during middle childhood were associated with decreased activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, striatum, and pallidum during trials requiring working memory. In contrast, increased activation of the parahippocampus, caudate, nucleus accumbens, and rostral anterior cingulate during face-viewing trials was associated with increased depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS These results support the dimensional view of psychosis across the lifespan, providing evidence that neural correlates of PLEs, such as decreased activation during working memory, are present during middle childhood. Furthermore, these correlates are specific to psychotic-like symptoms as compared with depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen J O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sridhar Kandala
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Nicole R Karcher
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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14
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Trait irritability and social cue identification and interpretation in young adult females. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.109751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Moore AA, Rappaport LM, James Blair R, Pine DS, Leibenluft E, Brotman MA, Hettema JM, Roberson-Nay R. Genetic underpinnings of callous-unemotional traits and emotion recognition in children, adolescents, and emerging adults. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2019; 60:638-645. [PMID: 30779145 PMCID: PMC6520193 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Callous-Unemotional (CU) and psychopathic traits are consistently associated with impaired recognition of others' emotions, specifically fear and sadness. However, no studies have examined whether the association between CU traits and emotion recognition deficits is due primarily to genetic or environmental factors. METHODS The current study used data from 607 Caucasian twin pairs (N = 1,214 twins) to examine the phenotypic and genetic relationship between the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) and facial emotion recognition assessed via the laboratory-based Facial Expression Labeling Task (FELT). RESULTS The uncaring/callous dimension of the ICU was significantly associated with impaired recognition of happiness, sadness, fear, surprise, and disgust. The unemotional ICU dimension was significantly associated with improved recognition of surprise and disgust. Total ICU score was significantly associated with impaired recognition of sadness. Significant genetic correlations were found for uncaring/callous traits and distress cue recognition (i.e. fear and sadness). The observed relationship between uncaring/callous traits and deficits in distress cue recognition was accounted for entirely by shared genetic influences. CONCLUSIONS The results of the current study replicate previous findings demonstrating impaired emotion recognition among youth with elevated CU traits. We extend these findings by replicating them in an epidemiological sample not selected or enriched for pathological levels of CU traits. Furthermore, the current study is the first to investigate the genetic and environmental etiology of CU traits and emotion recognition, and results suggest genetic influences underlie the specific relationship between uncaring/callous traits and distress cue (fear/sadness) recognition in others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee A. Moore
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA,Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Lance M. Rappaport
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - R. James Blair
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE
| | - Daniel S. Pine
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ellen Leibenluft
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Melissa A. Brotman
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - John M. Hettema
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Roxann Roberson-Nay
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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Schapira R, Anger Elfenbein H, Amichay-Setter M, Zahn-Waxler C, Knafo-Noam A. Shared Environment Effects on Children's Emotion Recognition. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:215. [PMID: 31057435 PMCID: PMC6477858 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Empathy is relevant to many psychiatric conditions. Empathy involves the natural ability to perceive and be sensitive to the emotional states of others. Thus, emotion recognition (ER) abilities are key to understanding empathy. Despite the importance of ER to normal and abnormal social interactions, little is known about how it develops throughout childhood. We examined genetic and environmental influences on children's ER via facial and vocal cues in 344 7-year-old twin children [59 monozygotic (MZ) and 113 same-sex dizygotic (DZ) pairs], who were part of the Longitudinal Israeli Study of Twins. ER was assessed with the child version of the Diagnostic Assessment of Nonverbal Accuracy. For both facial and vocal cues of emotion, twin correlations were not higher for MZ twins than for DZ twins, suggesting no heritability for ER in this population. In contrast, correlations were positive for both types of twins, indicating a shared environmental effect. This was supported by a bivariate genetic analysis. This pattern was robust to controlling for twins being of the same sex and age. Effects remained after controlling for background variables such as family income and number of additional siblings. The analysis found a shared environmental correlation between facial and vocal ER (r c = .63), indicating that the shared environmental factors contributed to the overlap between vocal and facial ER. The study highlights the importance of the shared environment to children's ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotem Schapira
- The Mofet Institute, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Levinsky College of Education, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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