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Hartmann D, Valenzuela F. Sunproofing from within: A deep dive into oral photoprotection strategies in dermatology. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2024; 40:e12985. [PMID: 38845468 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photoprotection is the first measure in the prevention and treatment of the deleterious effects that sunlight can cause on the skin. It is well known that prolonged exposure to solar radiation leads to acute and chronic complications, such as erythema, accelerated skin aging, proinflammatory and procarcinogenic effects, and eye damage, among others. METHODS A better understanding of the molecules that can protect against ultraviolet radiation and their effects will lead to improvements in skin health. RESULTS Most of these effects of the sunlight are modulated by oxidative stress and proinflammatory mechanisms, therefore, the supplementation of substances that can regulate and neutralize reactive oxygen species would be beneficial for skin protection. Current evidence indicates that systemic photoprotection should be used as an adjunctive measure to topical photoprotection. CONCLUSION Oral photoprotectors are a promising option in improving protection against damage induced by UVR, as they contain active ingredients that increase the antioxidant effects of the body, complementing other photoprotection measures. We present a review of oral photoprotectors and their effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Hartmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Internacional de Estudios Clínicos (CIEC), Probity Medical Research, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando Valenzuela
- Centro Internacional de Estudios Clínicos (CIEC), Probity Medical Research, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Dermatology, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Dermatology, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Chile, Santiago, Chile
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2
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Valentim FDO, Miola AC, Miot HA, Schmitt JV. Efficacy of 5% topical minoxidil versus 5 mg oral biotin versus topical minoxidil and oral biotin on hair growth in men: randomized, crossover, clinical trial. An Bras Dermatol 2024; 99:581-584. [PMID: 38688776 PMCID: PMC11221127 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Flávia de Oliveira Valentim
- Department of Infectology, Dermatology, Imaging Diagnosis and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Anna Carolina Miola
- Department of Infectology, Dermatology, Imaging Diagnosis and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélio Amante Miot
- Department of Infectology, Dermatology, Imaging Diagnosis and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Vilaverde Schmitt
- Department of Infectology, Dermatology, Imaging Diagnosis and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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3
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Karachaliou CE, Livaniou E. Biotin Homeostasis and Human Disorders: Recent Findings and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6578. [PMID: 38928282 PMCID: PMC11203980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Biotin (vitamin B7, or vitamin H) is a water-soluble B-vitamin that functions as a cofactor for carboxylases, i.e., enzymes involved in the cellular metabolism of fatty acids and amino acids and in gluconeogenesis; moreover, as reported, biotin may be involved in gene regulation. Biotin is not synthesized by human cells, but it is found in food and is also produced by intestinal bacteria. Biotin status/homeostasis in human individuals depends on several factors, including efficiency/deficiency of the enzymes involved in biotin recycling within the human organism (biotinidase, holocarboxylase synthetase), and/or effectiveness of intestinal uptake, which is mainly accomplished through the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter. In the last years, administration of biotin at high/"pharmacological" doses has been proposed to treat specific defects/deficiencies and human disorders, exhibiting mainly neurological and/or dermatological symptoms and including biotinidase deficiency, holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency, and biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease. On the other hand, according to warnings of the Food and Drug Administration, USA, high biotin levels can affect clinical biotin-(strept)avidin assays and thus lead to false results during quantification of critical biomarkers. In this review article, recent findings/advancements that may offer new insight in the abovementioned research fields concerning biotin will be presented and briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evangelia Livaniou
- Immunopeptide Chemistry Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, P.O. Box 60037, 153 10 Agia Paraskevi, Greece;
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4
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Ma D, Du G, Fang H, Li R, Zhang D. Advances and prospects in microbial production of biotin. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:135. [PMID: 38735926 PMCID: PMC11089781 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02413-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Biotin, serving as a coenzyme in carboxylation reactions, is a vital nutrient crucial for the natural growth, development, and overall well-being of both humans and animals. Consequently, biotin is widely utilized in various industries, including feed, food, and pharmaceuticals. Despite its potential advantages, the chemical synthesis of biotin for commercial production encounters environmental and safety challenges. The burgeoning field of synthetic biology now allows for the creation of microbial cell factories producing bio-based products, offering a cost-effective alternative to chemical synthesis for biotin production. This review outlines the pathway and regulatory mechanism involved in biotin biosynthesis. Then, the strategies to enhance biotin production through both traditional chemical mutagenesis and advanced metabolic engineering are discussed. Finally, the article explores the limitations and future prospects of microbial biotin production. This comprehensive review not only discusses strategies for biotin enhancement but also provides in-depth insights into systematic metabolic engineering approaches aimed at boosting biotin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghan Ma
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Guangqing Du
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Huan Fang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Rong Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China.
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China.
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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5
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Zhi K, Dong W, Du Y, Tuo T, Wei J, Song S, Cui J, Zhang J. Novel and safe debranched starch-zinc complexes with endoconcave structure as zinc supplements. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 330:121826. [PMID: 38368105 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Zinc deficiency is a serious risk to human health and growth, especially in children. The development of zinc supplements can effectively reduce this harm. Here, a series of debranched starch‑zinc complexes (DS-Zn) were prepared, whose zinc complexation was inversely proportional to the amylopectin content in the debranched starch (DS). The physicochemical properties of DS-Zn were characterized using the conductivity, XRD, iodine staining and thermogravimetry. Combined with XPS, solid-state 13C NMR and IR, it was elucidated that the structure of DS-Zn is endoconcave structure with 2-O and 3-O of DS on the inner side and 6-O of DS on the outer side, where zinc is located. The DS-Zn exhibits good biosafety including blood, cellular and mutagenicity. In vitro simulations of digestion and zinc-deficient cellular models showed that DS-Zn was more tolerant to the gastrointestinal environment and more effective in zinc supplementation (increased by 33 %) than inorganic zinc supplements. Utilizing the compressibility of starch, DS-Zn was prepared as a more palatable oral cartoon tablet for children. This study will provide important support to advance the development and application of novel starch-based zinc nutritional supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Zhi
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Wenhui Dong
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yanjing Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tongtong Tuo
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Junqing Wei
- Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Shen Song
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Jiajia Cui
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
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Zhao JR, Zuo SQ, Xiao F, Guo FZ, Chen LY, Bi K, Cheng DY, Xu ZN. Advances in biotin biosynthesis and biotechnological production in microorganisms. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:163. [PMID: 38613659 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Biotin, also known as vitamin H or B7, acts as a crucial cofactor in the central metabolism processes of fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates. Biotin has important applications in food additives, biomedicine, and other fields. While the ability to synthesize biotin de novo is confined to microorganisms and plants, humans and animals require substantial daily intake, primarily through dietary sources and intestinal microflora. Currently, chemical synthesis stands as the primary method for commercial biotin production, although microbial biotin production offers an environmentally sustainable alternative with promising prospects. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the pathways involved in de novo biotin synthesis in various species of microbes and insights into its regulatory and transport systems. Furthermore, diverse strategies are discussed to improve the biotin production here, including mutation breeding, rational metabolic engineering design, artificial genetic modification, and process optimization. The review also presents the potential strategies for addressing current challenges for industrial-scale bioproduction of biotin in the future. This review is very helpful for exploring efficient and sustainable strategies for large-scale biotin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Run Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Institute of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Si-Qi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Institute of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Institute of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Feng-Zhu Guo
- Zhejiang Sliver-Elephant Bio-engineering Co., Ltd., Tiantai, 317200, China
| | - Lu-Yi Chen
- Zhejiang Sliver-Elephant Bio-engineering Co., Ltd., Tiantai, 317200, China
| | - Ke Bi
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Institute of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Dong-Yuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Institute of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Nan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
- Institute of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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7
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Duchi S, Rebollo Torregrosa P, Hajuj A, Molho D, Shkoor R, Saada NA, Fernández DG, Goldstein D, Pérez-Fernández A. The formulation and in vitro evaluation of WS Biotin, a novel encapsulated form of D-Biotin with improved water solubility for hair and skin treatment applications. Int J Cosmet Sci 2024; 46:119-129. [PMID: 37779197 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and evaluate the efficacy of WS Biotin, a novel water-soluble form of D-Biotin, for cosmetic use. METHODS A new encapsulated form of D-Biotin was developed with the purpose of improving the water solubility of biotin. This novel form of encapsulated biotin was characterized by its physicochemical properties: particle size, D-Biotin content and solubility in water. Also, proliferation and gene expression in vitro tests in cell culture were performed to evaluate its effectiveness in promoting hair growth, an ELISA test was conducted for hair keratinization and skin lightening property was tested by analysing the intracellular melanin content. RESULTS The developed WS Biotin microcapsules exhibit a particle size range of 2-30 μm with D-Biotin content of ~50% (w/w). The water solubility of WS Biotin was found to be 20-fold greater than free biotin. The obtained in vitro results indicated that WS Biotin enhances the expression of hair-related keratins in hair follicle keratinocytes, as well as the expression of hair growth-promoting genes in dermal papilla cells. Moreover, the melanin content in UVA-exposed epidermal melanocytes was reduced upon exposure to WS Biotin. CONCLUSION In this work, a novel form of encapsulated biotin, WS Biotin, was developed in order to improve the water solubility of free biotin and was found to be effective for cosmetic use in both hair and skin applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Akram Hajuj
- Tagra Biotechnologies, Northern Galilee, Israel
| | - Danit Molho
- Tagra Biotechnologies, Northern Galilee, Israel
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8
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Białczyk A, Wełniak A, Kamińska B, Czajkowski R. Oxidative Stress and Potential Antioxidant Therapies in Vitiligo: A Narrative Review. Mol Diagn Ther 2023; 27:723-739. [PMID: 37737953 PMCID: PMC10590312 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-023-00672-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a chronic skin disorder characterised by the loss of melanocytes and subsequent skin depigmentation. Although many theories have been proposed in the literature, none alone explains the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Oxidative stress has been identified as a potential factor in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. A growing body of evidence suggests that antioxidant therapies may offer a promising approach to managing this condition. This review summarises the potential mechanisms of oxidative stress and the types of melanocyte death in vitiligo. We also provide a brief overview of the most commonly studied antioxidants. Melanocytes in vitiligo are thought to be damaged by an accumulation of reactive oxygen species to destroy the structural and functional integrity of their DNA, lipids, and proteins. Various causes, including exogenous and endogenous stress factors, an imbalance between prooxidants and antioxidants, disruption of antioxidant pathways, and gene polymorphisms, lead to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Although necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and oxeiptosis are newer types of cell death that may contribute to the pathophysiology of vitiligo, apoptosis remains the most studied cell death mechanism in vitiligo. According to studies, vitamin E helps to treat lipid peroxidation of the skin caused by psoralen ultra-violet A treatment. In addition, Polypodium leucotomos increased the efficacy of psoralen ultra-violet A or narrow-band ultraviolet B therapy. Our review provides valuable insights into the potential role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis and antioxidant-based supporting therapies in treating vitiligo, offering a promising avenue for further research and the development of effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Białczyk
- Students' Scientific Club of Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Skłodowskiej-Curie Street, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Adam Wełniak
- Students' Scientific Club of Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Skłodowskiej-Curie Street, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Barbara Kamińska
- Students' Scientific Club of Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Skłodowskiej-Curie Street, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Rafał Czajkowski
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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9
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Rodríguez-Luna A, Zamarrón A, Juarranz Á, González S. Clinical Applications of Polypodium leucotomos (Fernblock ®): An Update. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1513. [PMID: 37511888 PMCID: PMC10381169 DOI: 10.3390/life13071513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to sun radiation leads to higher risk of sunburn, pigmentation, immunosuppression, photoaging and skin cancer. In addition to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), recent research indicates that infrared radiation (IR) and visible light (VIS) can play an important role in the pathogenesis of some of these processes. Detrimental effects associated with sun exposure are well known, but new studies have shown that DNA damage continues to occur long after exposure to solar radiation has ended. Regarding photoprotection strategies, natural substances are emerging for topical and oral photoprotection. In this sense, Fernblock®, a standardized aqueous extract of the fern Polypodium Leucotomos (PLE), has been widely administered both topically and orally with a strong safety profile. Thus, this extract has been used extensively in clinical practice, including as a complement to photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treating actinic keratoses (AKs) and field cancerization. It has also been used to treat skin diseases such as photodermatoses, photoaggravated inflammatory conditions and pigmentary disorders. This review examines the most recent developments in the clinical application of Fernblock® and assesses how newly investigated action mechanisms may influence its clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azahara Rodríguez-Luna
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28933 Alcorcón, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Alicia Zamarrón
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Autónoma University of Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángeles Juarranz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Autónoma University of Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador González
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Alcalá de Henares University, 28805 Madrid, Spain
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Cheng J, Mu D, Wang D, Qiu L, Cheng X. Preanalytical considerations in parathyroid hormone measurement. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 539:259-265. [PMID: 36566956 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Automated immunoassays used to evaluate parathyroid function are vulnerable to different types of interference, which can affect clinical practices. This review provides a detailed overview of the six main types of interference known to affect the measurement of parathyroid hormone (PTH): heterophilic antibodies, biotin, PTH fragments, oxidized PTH (oxPTH), phosphorylated PTH, and some preanalytical factors. Because the prevalence of some of these conditions has been reported to approach 11.7%, and the frequency of testing for parathyroid function is important, the scale of the problem might be tremendous. Potential interference in parathyroid function testing should always be suspected whenever clinical or biochemical discrepancies arise. Their identification typically relies on additional laboratory tests, including method comparison, serial dilution, blocking reagent studies, affinity adsorption, and polyethylene glycol precipitation. Moreover, some of these issues can be mitigated with the development of mass spectrometry. This review also evaluated the clinical impact of parathyroid interference on immunoassays, including misdiagnosis, inappropriate parathyroidectomy; and delay in receiving appropriate therapy. Hence, strong communication should be maintained between the clinician and laboratory to avoid such scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Danni Mu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Danchen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinqi Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China.
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Cruz RYMS, Arévalo SV, Rashid A, Jara MRA, Prado MSA. Antioxidant and photoprotective potential of Polypodium leucotomos. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2022.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, Polypodium leucotomos has emerged with a great interest for having medicinal and therapeutic potential. It is producing very promising results due to the presence of antioxidant and photoprotective properties. Electronic libraries and databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant studies; 79 publications contributed to this review regarding Polypodium leucotomos botanical aspects, chemical composition, antioxidant and photoprotective activity. It is used in complementary and alternative therapies with various pharmaceutical dosage forms (systemic or topical). Thanks to the composition of phytochemical constituents present in the leaves and rhizomes which confer antioxidant and photoprotective activity that has clinical therapeutic potential to be used as systemic and topical sunscreen of natural origin for the prevention of different types of skin diseases caused by harmful ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B radiations. However, more studies are needed in the future to test the ability and enhance the capacity of sunscreen and sunblock in cosmetic formulations. To conclude, it is recommended to carry out scientific studies based on different analytical methods to evaluate the phytoconstituents potential and to develop stable pharmaceutical formulations according to the skin phototype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosy Yesela Mancilla Santa Cruz
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; Professional School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of San Cristóbal of Huamanga, Ayacucho 05001, Peru
| | - Sharon Velásquez Arévalo
- Department of Pharmacotechnics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, National University of Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, Peru
| | - Anas Rashid
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Torino, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - Marco Rolando Aronés Jara
- Professional School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of San Cristóbal of Huamanga, Ayacucho 05001, Peru
| | - María Segunda Aurora Prado
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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12
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Nobile V, Burioli A, Yu S, Zhifeng S, Cestone E, Insolia V, Zaccaria V, Malfa GA. Photoprotective and Antiaging Effects of a Standardized Red Orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) Extract in Asian and Caucasian Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112241. [PMID: 35684041 PMCID: PMC9182634 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) that reaches the Earth’s surface should make us reflect on the need to develop new approaches in protecting the skin from UVR exposure. The present study aims to evaluate the photoprotective and antiaging efficacy of a red orange extract (100 mg/day) in both Asian and Caucasian subjects. A randomized, double-blind, controlled study was carried out in 110 Asian and Caucasian subjects. Product efficacy was measured as follows: (1) the photoprotective effect was measured by the minimal erythema dose (MED) assessment; (2) the efficacy in decreasing the UVA+B-induced skin redness was measured by colorimetry; (3) the antioxidant efficacy was measured by the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and the malondialdehyde (MDA) assay; and (4) skin moisturization, skin elasticity, skin radiance, the intensity of melanin staining, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and wrinkles were measured to assess the antiaging efficacy. The intake of the product for 56 days was effective in improving the skin reaction to UV exposure; in increasing the skin antioxidant capacity as well as in decreasing UVA-induced lipid peroxidation; in increasing the skin moisturization, skin elasticity, and skin radiance; and in decreasing TEWL, the intensity of melanin staining inside dark spots, and wrinkle depth. Our results suggest that the test product is effective in counteracting both the harmful effects of UVR exposure and aging signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Nobile
- R&D Department, Complife Italia S.r.l., 27028 San Martino Siccomario, PV, Italy; (A.B.); (E.C.)
- Correspondence: (V.N.); (V.Z.)
| | - Andrea Burioli
- R&D Department, Complife Italia S.r.l., 27028 San Martino Siccomario, PV, Italy; (A.B.); (E.C.)
| | - Sara Yu
- Clinical Study Department, Complife (Beijing) Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Beizhan North Street N.17, Room 902—Xicheng District, Beijing 100089, China; (S.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shi Zhifeng
- Clinical Study Department, Complife (Beijing) Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Beizhan North Street N.17, Room 902—Xicheng District, Beijing 100089, China; (S.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Enza Cestone
- R&D Department, Complife Italia S.r.l., 27028 San Martino Siccomario, PV, Italy; (A.B.); (E.C.)
| | - Violetta Insolia
- Active S.r.l., R&D Department, Piano Tavola, 95032 Belpasso, CT, Italy;
- Alma Mater Europea, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
| | - Vincenzo Zaccaria
- Bionap S.r.l. R&D Department, Piano Tavola, 95032 Belpasso, CT, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.N.); (V.Z.)
| | - Giuseppe Antonio Malfa
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, CT, Italy;
- CERNUT, Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, CT, Italy
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13
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Falotico JM, Lipner SR. Biotin Beware: Perils of Biotin Supplementation. J Am Acad Dermatol 2022; 86:e279-e280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Farràs A, Mitjans M, Maggi F, Caprioli G, Vinardell MP, López V. Polypodium vulgare L. ( Polypodiaceae) as a Source of Bioactive Compounds: Polyphenolic Profile, Cytotoxicity and Cytoprotective Properties in Different Cell Lines. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:727528. [PMID: 34603041 PMCID: PMC8482143 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.727528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pteridophytes, represented by ferns and allies, are an important phytogenetic bridge between lower and higher plants. Ferns have evolved independently of any other species in the plant kingdom being its secondary metabolism a reservoir of phytochemicals characteristic of this taxon. The study of the potential uses of Polypodium vulgare L. (Polypodiaceae) as medicinal plant has increased in recent years particularly when in 2008 the European Medicines Agency published a monograph about the rhizome of this species. Our objective is to provide scientific knowledge on the polar constituents extracted from the fronds of P. vulgare, one of the main ferns of European distribution, to contribute to the validation of certain traditional uses. Specifically, we have characterized the methanolic extract of P. vulgare fronds (PVM) by HPLC-DAD and investigated its potential cytotoxicity, phototoxicity, ROS production and protective effects against oxidative stress by using in vitro methods. The 3T3, HaCaT, HeLa, HepG2, MCF-7 and A549 were the cell lines used to evaluate the possible cytotoxic behaviour of the PVM. HPLC-DAD was utilized to validate the polyphenolic profile of the extract. H2O2 and UVA were the prooxidant agents to induce oxidative stress by different conditions in 3T3 and HaCaT cell lines. Antioxidant activity of in vitro PVM in 3T3 and HaCaT cell lines was evaluated by ROS assay. Our results demonstrate that PVM contains significant amounts of shikimic acid together with caffeoylquinic acid derivatives and flavonoids such as epicatechin and catechin; PVM is not cytotoxic at physiological concentrations against the different cell lines, showing cytoprotective and cellular repair activity in 3T3 fibroblast cells. This biological activity could be attributed to the high content of polyphenolic compounds. The fronds of the P. vulgare are a source of polyphenolic compounds, which can be responsible for certain traditional uses like wound healing properties. In the present work, fronds of the common polypody are positioned as a candidate for pharmaceutical applications based on traditional medicine uses but also as potential food ingredients due to lack of toxicity at physiological concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrià Farràs
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Montserrat Mitjans
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, Università di Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - María Pilar Vinardell
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor López
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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15
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Qiao F, Yu X, Tie S, Chen Y, Hou S, Tan M. Zinc delivery system constructed from food-borne nanoparticles derived from Undaria pinnatifida. Food Funct 2021; 12:8626-8634. [PMID: 34346455 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01852c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Food-borne nanoparticles from Undaria pinnatifida (UPFNs) were prepared and successfully applied as nanocarriers for microelement zinc delivery. UPFNs were spherical nanoparticles with average sizes of about 4.07 ± 1.09 nm, which chelated with zinc ions through amino nitrogen and carboxyl oxygen atoms as characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the overall chelation process between UPFNs and zinc ions was a spontaneous enthalpy-driven endothermic reaction. Compared to zinc sulfate, UPFN-Zn2+ showed higher solubility both in phytic acid solution and the process of gastrointestinal digestion. Meanwhile, no obvious cytotoxicity was found in UPFNs and UPFN-Zn2+. Specifically, UPFN-Zn2+ could successfully rescue cell viability, DNA replication activity and restore cell proliferation ability in zinc-deficient cells induced by a specific zinc chelator TPEN. Overall, UPFNs might serve as efficient, stable, and safe nanocarriers for zinc delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhi Qiao
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoting Yu
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Shanshan Tie
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Yannan Chen
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuai Hou
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
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16
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Searle T, Al-Niaimi F, Ali FR. Polypodium leucotomos as an adjunct to the treatment of vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 86:e65. [PMID: 34390787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Searle
- University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, UK
| | - Firas Al-Niaimi
- Department of Dermatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Faisal R Ali
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RS, UK; Vernova Healthcare Community Interest Company, Macclesfield, UK.
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17
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Stanescu AMA, Simionescu AA, Diaconu CC. Oral Vitamin D Therapy in Patients with Psoriasis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010163. [PMID: 33419149 PMCID: PMC7825555 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D treatment is effective when applied topically to the skin for plaque-type psoriasis. Oral vitamin D supplementation might be effective as an adjuvant treatment option in psoriasis. This umbrella review aimed to highlight the current knowledge regarding the use of oral vitamin D for treatment of patients with psoriasis. We performed a literature search and identified 107 eligible full-text articles that were relevant to the research interest. Among these, 10 review articles were selected, and data were extracted. A data synthesis showed that only a few studies monitored oral vitamin D efficacy in patients with psoriasis. No studies investigated the optimal dose of systemic vitamin D in psoriasis. However, most studies did not observe side effects for doses within a relatively narrow range (0.25 to 2 μg/day). These results suggest that more large-scale studies are needed to determine the efficacy, optimal dose, and adverse effects of vitamin D administration in patients with psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anca Angela Simionescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-213-188-930
| | - Camelia Cristina Diaconu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
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18
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Perez-Sanchez AC, Tantry EK, Burns EK, Perez VM, Prabhu S, Katta R. Skin, Hair, and Nail Supplements: Marketing and Labeling Concerns. Cureus 2020; 12:e12062. [PMID: 33447491 PMCID: PMC7802115 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Dietary supplements advertised to “boost collagen” or for “skin, hair, and nail” health are becoming increasingly popular, despite a lack of evidence to support their use. These products are not regulated by the United States (U.S.) Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and hence there is no centralized database listing current products. The goal of this study was to document and examine the labeling and marketing methods of these products. Methods Supplements including the words “glow,” “beauty,” “skin,” “hair,” or “nails” on the label were included in the sample. Seven stores within a 3-mile radius were included. Results A total of 176 unique supplements were identified. It was found that most products lacked independent testing; many utilized outdated daily values (DVs) of nutrients. Some had confusing dosing instructions, and most products made health-related marketing claims. Conclusion Dermatologists and primary care providers should be aware of the marketing claims commonly made by these products. Patients should be educated that these claims are generally not verified by independent testing agencies, the U.S. FDA, or by high-quality randomized control trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna C Perez-Sanchez
- Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
| | | | - Emily K Burns
- Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | | | | | - Rajani Katta
- Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA.,Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA
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19
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Leclair HM, Tardif N, Paris A, Galibert MD, Corre S. Role of Flavonoids in the Prevention of AhR-Dependent Resistance During Treatment with BRAF Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145025. [PMID: 32708687 PMCID: PMC7404066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BRAF and MEK inhibitors (BRAFi and MEKi) are the standard of care for the treatment of metastatic melanoma in patients with BRAFV600E mutations, greatly improving progression-free survival. However, the acquisition of resistance to BRAFi and MEKi remains a difficult clinical challenge, with limited therapeutic options available for these patients. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of natural flavonoids as specific AhR (Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor) transcription factor antagonists in combination with BRAFi. Experimental Design: Experiments were performed in vitro and in vivo with various human melanoma cell lines (mutated for BRAFV600E) sensitive or resistant to BRAFi. We evaluated the role of various flavonoids on cell sensitivity to BRAFi and their ability to counteract resistance and the invasive phenotype of melanoma. Results: Flavonoids were highly effective in potentiating BRAFi therapy in human melanoma cell lines by increasing sensitivity and delaying the pool of resistant cells that arise during treatment. As AhR antagonists, flavonoids counteracted a gene expression program associated with the acquisition of resistance and phenotype switching that leads to an invasive and EMT-like phenotype. Conclusions: The use of natural flavonoids opens new therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of patients with BRAF-resistant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse M. Leclair
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, University Rennes–UMR6290, F-35000 Rennes, France; (H.M.L.); (N.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Nina Tardif
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, University Rennes–UMR6290, F-35000 Rennes, France; (H.M.L.); (N.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Anaïs Paris
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, University Rennes–UMR6290, F-35000 Rennes, France; (H.M.L.); (N.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Marie-Dominique Galibert
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, University Rennes–UMR6290, F-35000 Rennes, France; (H.M.L.); (N.T.); (A.P.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Genomics, Hospital University of Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
- Correspondence: (M.-D.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Sébastien Corre
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, University Rennes–UMR6290, F-35000 Rennes, France; (H.M.L.); (N.T.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.-D.G.); (S.C.)
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