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Li N, Oh JH, Suh JH, Jin SP, Lee DH, Lee Y, Chung JH. Impact of fucosyltransferase 1-mediated epidermal blood group antigen H on anti-inflammatory response in atopic dermatitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1365430. [PMID: 38840912 PMCID: PMC11151169 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1365430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The presence of the blood group H2 antigen on the membrane of red blood cells determines blood type O in individuals and this H2 antigen serves as a precursor to the A and B antigens expressed in blood types A and B, respectively. However, the specific involvement of ABH antigens in skin diseases is unknown. Therefore, we aim to investigate the expression of ABH antigens in skin tissue of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and MC903-induced AD-like mice. We demonstrated that the expression of ABH antigen is primarily located in the granular and horny layers of the skin in healthy control individuals. However, in patients with AD, the expression of the ABH antigen was absent or diminished in these layers, while the H2 antigen expression increased in the spinous layers of the affected skin lesions. Then, we investigated the biological function of blood group H antigen mediated by fucosyltransferase 1 (Fut1) in the skin, utilizing an AD mouse model induced by MC903 in wild-type (WT) and Fut1-knockout mice. After the application of MC903, Fut1-deficient mice, with no H2 antigen expression on their skin, exhibited more severe clinical signs, increased ear swelling, and elevated serum IgE levels compared with those of WT mice. Additionally, the MC903-induced thickening of both the epidermis and dermis was more pronounced in Fut1-deficient mice than that in WT mice. Furthermore, Fut1-deficient mice showed a significantly higher production of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-6 in skin lesions compared with that of their WT counterparts. The expression of chemokines, particularly Ccl2 and Ccl8, was notably higher in Fut1-deficient mice compared with those of WT mice. The infiltration of CD4+ T cells, eosinophils, and mast cells into the lesional skin was significantly elevated in Fut1-deficient mice compared with that in WT mice. These findings demonstrate the protective role of H2 antigen expression against AD-like inflammation and highlight its potential therapeutic impact on AD through the regulation of blood group antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Hee Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Heon Suh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Pil Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngae Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jeong M, Kwon H, Kim Y, Jin H, Choi GE, Hyun KY. Erigeron annuus Extract Improves DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in a Mouse Model via the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Nutrients 2024; 16:451. [PMID: 38337735 PMCID: PMC10857527 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a persistent inflammatory skin condition resulting from an intricate interplay among genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. Erigeron annuus (EA), an annual winter plant belonging to the family Asteraceae, possesses anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, and antioxidant activities. In this study, we hypothesized that Erigeron annuus extract (EAE) could be an effective agent for ameliorating AD-like symptoms. To confirm this hypothesis in vitro, we used H2O2-stimulated human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) to demonstrate that pre-treatment with EAE protected against oxidative stress. HaCaT cells pretreated with EAE and stimulated with H2O2 showed decreased intracellular malondialdehyde content, increased superoxide dismutase activity, and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation. To verify the in vivo hypothesis based on the intracellular results, an AD disease mouse model was induced with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB), and EAE was orally administered at a non-toxic concentration according to the toxicity evaluation results. The results showed that AD disease models in BALB/c mice exhibited reduced ear epidermal thickness, scratching behavior, and mast cell infiltration. In conclusion, our results indicate that EAE has the potential to improve AD by upregulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeongguk Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea; (M.J.); (H.K.); (Y.K.); (H.J.)
- Next-Generation Industrial Field-Based Specialist Program for Molecular Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Project, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeokjin Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea; (M.J.); (H.K.); (Y.K.); (H.J.)
- Next-Generation Industrial Field-Based Specialist Program for Molecular Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Project, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeeun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea; (M.J.); (H.K.); (Y.K.); (H.J.)
- Next-Generation Industrial Field-Based Specialist Program for Molecular Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Project, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Jin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea; (M.J.); (H.K.); (Y.K.); (H.J.)
- Next-Generation Industrial Field-Based Specialist Program for Molecular Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Project, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Go-Eun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea; (M.J.); (H.K.); (Y.K.); (H.J.)
- Next-Generation Industrial Field-Based Specialist Program for Molecular Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Project, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Yae Hyun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
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Shafi T, Rasool R, Ayub S, Bhat IA, Shah IH, Hussain S, Shah ZA, Baba SM, Makhdoomi R, Bashir SA. Unveiling the TGF- β1 paradox: Significant implication of TGF- β1 promoter variants and its mRNA and protein expression in atopic dermatitis. Mol Immunol 2023; 157:214-224. [PMID: 37084506 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder with evidence of lichenification in later stages. There is mounting evidence supporting the role of TGF- β1 in mediating inflammation as well as subsequent tissue remodeling, often resulting in fibrosis. Given the role of genetic variants in the differential expression of TGF-β1 in various diseases, this study seeks to ascertain the role of TGF-β1 promoter variants (rs1800469 and rs1800468) in AD susceptibility, as well as their association with TGF- β1 mRNA expression, TGF- β1 serum levels and skin prick test positivity in Atopic Dermatitis patients. METHODS An aggregate of 246 subjects including 134 AD cases and 112 matched healthy controls were genotyped for TGF-β1 promoter polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP. TGF- β1 mRNA was quantified by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR), Vitamin-D levels by chemiluminescence, and serum TGF- β1, and total IgE levels were determined by ELISA. In-vivo allergy testing was performed for the evaluation of allergic reactions to house dust mites and food allergens. RESULTS A higher frequency of TT genotypes of rs1800469 (OR = 7.7, p = 0.0001) and GA+AA genotypes of rs1800468 (OR-4.4, p < 0.0001) were observed in AD cases than those in controls. Haplotype analysis demonstrated that TG haplotype carriers had an increased risk of AD (p = 0.013). Quantitative analysis revealed a significant upregulation of both mRNA (p = 0.0002) and serum levels (p < 0.0001) of TGF- β1 with a substantial positive correlation between them (Correlation coefficient=0.504; p = 0.01). Moreover, serum TGF-β1 levels were associated with quality of life (p = 0.03), the severity of the disease (p = 0.03), and House dust mite allergy (p = 0.01) whereas TGF-β1 mRNA levels positively correlated with disease severity(p = 0.02). Stratification analysis revealed that the TT genotype of rs1800469 was associated with higher IgE levels (p = 0.01) and eosinophil percentage(p = 0.007) whereas the AA genotype of rs1800468 correlated with elevated serum IgE levels (p = 0.01). Besides, no significant association of genotypes with mRNA and serum expression of TGF-β1 was observed. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that TGF-β1 promoter SNPs bear a significant risk of AD development. Moreover, upregulation of TGF-β1 mRNA and serum levels and their association with disease severity, quality of life, and HDM allergy suggests its role as a diagnostic/prognostic biomarker that could help in the development of new therapeutic and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabasum Shafi
- Department of Immunology & Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar 190011, India
| | - Roohi Rasool
- Department of Immunology & Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar 190011, India.
| | - Sakeena Ayub
- Department of Immunology & Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar 190011, India
| | - Imtiyaz A Bhat
- Department of Immunology & Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar 190011, India
| | - Iffat Hassan Shah
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy, GMC- Srinagar 190010, India
| | - Showkat Hussain
- Department of Immunology & Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar 190011, India
| | - Zafar A Shah
- Department of Immunology & Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar 190011, India
| | - Shahid M Baba
- Department of Immunology & Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar 190011, India
| | | | - Sheikh Adil Bashir
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, SKIMS, Srinagar 190011, India
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Yang N, Shao H, Deng J, Liu Y. Network pharmacology-based analysis to explore the therapeutic mechanism of Cortex Dictamni on atopic dermatitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 304:116023. [PMID: 36535327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dermatitis is a common clinical chronic inflammatory skin disease, which incidence has been on the rise in recent years. It not only seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients but also increase economic burden. Currently, commonly used drugs such as corticosteroids, anti-histamines have certain side effects or are expensive. Therefore, the search for an alternative therapy for dermatitis has important clinical significance. Cortex Dictamni is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for expelling wind and itching, but its mechanism for treating dermatitis is still unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacological analysis was performed to predict the potential targets and pathways of Cortex Dictamni against dermatitis. Molecular docking was used to assess the binding affinity of active compounds and core targets. By repeatedly stimulating the ears with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB), an atopic dermatitis (AD) mouse model was established in order to study the anti-dermatitis effect of Cortex Dictamni. The skin thickness and inflammatory cell infiltration in mouse ears were assessed by tissue staining and flow cytometric. The levels of inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the total protein and phosphorylation levels of related pathways were analyzed by western blotting. RESULTS In this study, 11 active ingredients, 122 Cortex Dictamni and dermatitis intersection targets were identified. The results from Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the core targets were mainly enriched in immune response and inflammatory signaling pathways. AD mice treated with ethanol extract of Cortex Dictamni (ECD) improved the symptoms of ear skin lesions, alleviated epidermis and dermis thickening of the AD mice ears, decreased pathological immune cell infiltration and attenuated the levels of inflammatory cytokines (TLR4, IL-6, IL-17), and inhibited the hyperactivation of the PI3K-AKT, JAK1-STAT3/STAT6 signal pathways. CONCLUSIONS Cortex Dictamni can improve the symptoms of skin lesions and the degree of inflammation caused by AD, and may inhibit AD through multiple pathways, such as regulating PI3K-AKT and JAK1-STAT3/STAT6 pathways. These results not only provide experimental evidence for the clinical application of Cortex Dictamni but also provide some help for the research and development of dermatitis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niuniu Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China.
| | - Haifeng Shao
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Jialin Deng
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China.
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Atluri K, Manne S, Nalamothu V, Mantel A, Sharma PK, Babu RJ. Advances in Current Drugs and Formulations for the Management of Atopic Dermatitis. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2023; 40:1-87. [PMID: 37585309 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2023042979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathophysiology. Treatment of AD remains challenging owing to the presence of a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes and limited response to existing therapies. However, recent genetic, immunological, and pathophysiological insights into the disease mechanism resulted in the invention of novel therapeutic drug candidates. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current therapies and assesses various novel drug delivery strategies currently under clinical investigation. Further, this review majorly emphasizes on various topical treatments including emollient therapies, barrier repair agents, topical corticosteroids (TCS), phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors, calcineurin inhibitors, and Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway inhibitors. It also discusses biological and systemic therapies, upcoming treatments based on ongoing clinical trials. Additionally, this review scrutinized the use of pharmaceutical inactive ingredients in the approved topical dosage forms for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - R Jayachandra Babu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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6
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Yang J, Xiao M, Ma K, Li H, Ran M, Yang S, Yang Y, Fu X, Yang S. Therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives in common skin inflammatory diseases: Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1092668. [PMID: 36891306 PMCID: PMC9986293 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1092668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic skin inflammatory diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis have been considered uncontrolled inflammatory responses, which have usually troubled patients around the world. Moreover, the recent method to treat AD and psoriasis has been based on the inhibition, not regulation, of the abnormal inflammatory response, which can induce a number of side effects and drug resistance in long-term treatment. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and their derivatives have been widely used in immune diseases based on their regeneration, differentiation, and immunomodulation with few adverse effects, which makes MSCs a promising treatment for chronic skin inflammatory diseases. As a result, in this review, we aim to systematically discuss the therapeutic effects of various resources of MSCs, the application of preconditioning MSCs and engineering extracellular vesicles (EVs) in AD and psoriasis, and the clinical evaluation of the administration of MSCs and their derivatives, which can provide a comprehensive vision for the application of MSCs and their derivatives in future research and clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Dermatology, 4th Medical Centre, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Minglu Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, 4th Medical Centre, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Ma
- Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Department of Dermatology, 4th Medical Centre, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingzi Ran
- Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxu Yang
- Department of Dermatology, 4th Medical Centre, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuguang Yang
- Department of Dermatology, 4th Medical Centre, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Siming Yang
- Department of Dermatology, 4th Medical Centre, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
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Maintz L, Bieber T, Simpson HD, Demessant-Flavigny AL. From Skin Barrier Dysfunction to Systemic Impact of Atopic Dermatitis: Implications for a Precision Approach in Dermocosmetics and Medicine. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12060893. [PMID: 35743678 PMCID: PMC9225544 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12060893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
: Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects up to 20% of children and is considered the starting point of the atopic march with the development of food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis. The heterogeneous phenotype reflects distinct and/or overlapping pathogenetic mechanisms with varying degrees of epidermal barrier disruption, activation of different T cell subsets and dysbiosis of the skin microbiome. Here, we review current evidence suggesting a systemic impact of the cutaneous inflammation in AD together with a higher risk of asthma and other comorbidities, especially in severe and persistent AD. Thus, early therapy of AD to restore the impaired skin barrier, modified microbiome, and target type 2 inflammation, depending on the (endo)phenotype, in a tailored approach is crucial. We discuss what we can learn from the comorbidities and the implications for preventive and therapeutic interventions from precision dermocosmetics to precision medicine. The stratification of AD patients into biomarker-based endotypes for a precision medicine approach offers opportunities for better long-term control of AD with the potential to reduce the systemic impact of a chronic skin inflammation and even prevent or modify the course, not only of AD, but possibly also the comorbidities, depending on the patient’s age and disease stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maintz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos (CK-CARE), 7265 Davos, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-228-287-16898
| | - Thomas Bieber
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos (CK-CARE), 7265 Davos, Switzerland
- Davos Biosciences, Herman-Burchard-Str. 9, CH-7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
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Mentha arvensis Essential Oil Exerts Anti-Inflammatory in LPS-Stimulated Inflammatory Responses via Inhibition of ERK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway and Anti-Atopic Dermatitis-like Effects in 2,4-Dinitrochlorobezene-Induced BALB/c Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121941. [PMID: 34943044 PMCID: PMC8750489 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of atopic dermatitis (AD) is modulated by the release of cytokines and chemokines through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Topical steroids are used to treat AD, but some people need safer anti-inflammatory drugs to avoid side effects. Mentha arvensis has been used as a herbal plant with medicinal properties, but its anti-inflammatory effects have not been elucidated in an AD model. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of M. arvensis essential oil (MAEO) and its underlying molecular mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and HaCaT cells (human epidermal keratinocyte). Additionally, we examined the ameliorating effects of the MAEO in a dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced murine model of AD. We found, in both RAW 264.7 cells and HaCaT cells, MAEO inhibited LPS-stimulated inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 and proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-6, due to the suppression of COX-2 and iNOS expression. In LPS-stimulated macrophages, we also observed that MAEO inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK and P65. Furthermore, MAEO treatment attenuated AD symptoms, including the dermatitis score, ear thickness, epidermal thickness and infiltration of mast cells, in a DNCB-induced animal model of AD. Overall, our findings suggest that MAEO exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-atopic dermatitis effects via inhibition of the ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Chiu YH, Wu YW, Hung JI, Chen MC. Epigallocatechin gallate/L-ascorbic acid-loaded poly-γ-glutamate microneedles with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Acta Biomater 2021; 130:223-233. [PMID: 34087444 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, inherent instability of EGCG greatly limits its bioavailability and clinical efficacy. In this study, we developed a poly-γ-glutamate (γ-PGA)-based microneedle (MN) formulation capable of maintaining EGCG's stability and efficiently delivering EGCG into the skin to ameliorate AD symptoms. The γ-PGA MN can not only protect EGCG from oxidation, but also serve as an immunomodulator to downregulate T helper type 2 (Th2)-type immune responses. Encapsulation of EGCG into the γ-PGA MN and utilization of L-ascorbic acid (AA) as a stabilizer preserved 95% of its structural stability and retained 93% of its initial antioxidant activity after 4 weeks of storage. Once-weekly administration of EGCG/AA-loaded MNs to an Nc/Nga mouse model of AD for 4 weeks significantly ameliorated skin lesions and epidermal hyperplasia by reducing serum IgE (from 12156 ± 1344 to 5555 ± 1362 ng/mL) and histamine levels (from 81 ± 18 to 40 ± 5 pg/mL) and inhibiting IFN-γ (from 0.10 ± 0.01 to 0.01 pg/mg total protein) and Th2-type cytokine production, when compared to the AD (no treatment) group (p < 0.05). Notably, once-weekly MN therapy was at least as effective as the daily topical application of an EGCG + AA solution but markedly reduced the administration frequency and required dose. These results show that EGCG/AA-loaded γ-PGA MNs may be a convenient and promising therapeutic option for AD treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study describes epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)/L-ascorbic acid (AA)-loaded poly-γ-glutamate (γ-PGA) microneedles (MN) capable of providing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects on inflamed skin for ameliorating atopic dermatitis (AD) symptoms in Nc/Nga mice. After skin insertion, the γ-PGA MN can be quickly dissolved in the skin and remain in the dermis for sustained release of encapsulated active ingredients for 6 days. We demonstrated that once-weekly MN therapy effectively alleviated skin lesions and modulated immune response to relieve Th2-polarized allergic response in mice. Once-weekly MN dosing regimen may provide patients with a more convenient, therapeutically equivalent option to daily topical dosing, and may increase compliance and long-term persistence with AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiu Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Wei Wu
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-I Hung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chin Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Mandlik DS, Mandlik SK. Atopic dermatitis: new insight into the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and novel treatment strategies. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:105-125. [PMID: 33645388 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1889583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the long-lasting chronic inflammatory skin condition associated with cutaneous hyper-reactivity and triggered by environmental factors. The attributes of AD include dry skin, pruritus, lichenification and frequent eczematous abrasions. This has a strong heritable aspect and typically occurs with asthma and allergic rhinitis. The complex pathological mechanism behind AD etiology is epidermal barrier destruction resulting in the lack of filaggrin protein that can induce inflammation and T-cell infiltration. T-helper 2 cell-mediated pathways also bear the responsibility of damage to the epidermal barrier. Certain causative factors for AD include microbial imbalance of skin microbiota, immunoglobulin-E-induced sensitization and neuro-inflammation. Numerous beneficial topical and oral treatments have been available to patients and there are even more drugs in the pipeline for the treatment of AD. Topical moisturizers, corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory agents such as calcineurin inhibitors, phototherapy, cAMP-specific 3, 5 half-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and systemic immunosuppressants are widely available for AD treatments. Different positions and pathways inside the immune system including JAK-STAT, phosphodiesterase 4, aryl hydrocarbon receptor and T-helper 2 cytokines are targeted by above-mentioned drug treatments. Instead of the severe side effects of topical steroids and oral antihistamines, herbal plants and their derived phytoconstituents are commonly used for the treatment of AD. A clear understanding of AD's cellular and molecular pathogenesis through substantial advancement in genetics, skin immunology and psychological factors resulted in advancement of AD management. Therefore, the review highlights the recent advancements in the understanding of clinical features, etiology, pathogenesis, treatment and management and non-adherence to AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa S Mandlik
- Bharat Vidyapeeth, Deemed to be University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
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11
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Yu Z, Deng T, Wang P, Sun T, Xu Y. Ameliorative effects of total coumarins from the fructus of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss. on 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in rats. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3310-3324. [PMID: 33634904 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD), which is characterized by intense pruritus and serious inflammation, is a chronic skin disease. Modern studies have testified that the total coumarins from the fructus of Cnidium monnieri (TCFC) possess evident biological activities based on their coumarin compounds. The purpose of this manuscript is to investigate the effects of topical use of TCFC on immune response, inflammation, and skin barrier function in rats with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD. Results indicated that the skin lesion scores of rats were obviously reduced after the management of TCFC, and the spleen and thymus indices also were markedly repressed. TCFC significantly inhibited the overproduction of TNF-α, interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and immunoglobulin E; the epidermal thickness and number of mast cells were notably decreased. The western blot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of TCFC on the mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway. Results indicated that phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases, p38, and c-Jun amino-terminal kinases was significantly blocked by TCFC. In addition, TCFC could upregulate the expression of filaggrin in dorsal skin, which means that TCFC showed a protective effect on skin barrier disruption. Furthermore, TCFC downregulated the levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-31, and TSLP mRNA and upregulated the expression of filaggrin mRNA in the dorsal skin of rats. Our research demonstrated the ameliorative effects of TCFC on AD-like rats by inhibiting immune response and inflammation and recovering skin barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Yu
- Pharmacy Department, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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12
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Mustfa SA, Maurizi E, McGrath J, Chiappini C. Nanomedicine Approaches to Negotiate Local Biobarriers for Topical Drug Delivery. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salman Ahmad Mustfa
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology King's College London London SE1 9RT UK
| | - Eleonora Maurizi
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Università di Parma Parma 43121 Italy
| | - John McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology King's College London London SE1 9RT UK
| | - Ciro Chiappini
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology King's College London London SE1 9RT UK
- London Centre for Nanotechnology King's College London London WC2R 2LS UK
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13
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Chen J, Niu X, Gao Y, Ma L, Gao X, Chen H, Qi R. IL‑18 knockout alleviates atopic dermatitis‑like skin lesions induced by MC903 in a mouse model. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:880-888. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‑Long Chen
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xue‑Li Niu
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ya‑Li Gao
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China
| | - Xing‑Hua Gao
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Hong‑Duo Chen
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Rui‑Qun Qi
- Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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14
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Natsume C, Aoki N, Aoyama T, Senda K, Matsui M, Ikegami A, Tanaka K, Azuma YT, Fujita T. Fucoxanthin Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis Symptoms by Regulating Keratinocytes and Regulatory Innate Lymphoid Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062180. [PMID: 32235696 PMCID: PMC7139773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (FX) is a xanthophyll that is contained abundantly in marine plants. The biological action of FX includes its antioxidant and anti-lipogenic activities, while the precise action of its mechanisms on skin cells has not yet been clarified. The current study examined the effect of FX in comparison with tacrolimus (TAC) on NC/Nga mice, which are an atopic dermatitis (AD) model. FX topical treatment dramatically ameliorated itching behavior over the TAC treatment, which was insufficient for improvement of AD symptoms. In Nc/Nga mice, FX or TAC applied to the skin inhibited eosinophil infiltration with decreased expression of Il-33. FX also stimulated Il-2, Il-5, Il-13, Il-10, and TGF-β expression levels, and Sca1+Il-10+TGF-β+ regulatory innate lymphoid cells (ILCreg) were dominantly observed in FX treated skin epidermal keratinocytes and dermal layers. This combined evidence demonstrated that FX exerts anti-inflammatory effects on keratinocytes and ameliorates AD symptoms by regulating ILCreg to normalize immune responses in an atopic dermatitis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Natsume
- Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; (C.N.); (N.A.); (T.A.); (K.S.); (M.M.); (A.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Nao Aoki
- Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; (C.N.); (N.A.); (T.A.); (K.S.); (M.M.); (A.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Tomoko Aoyama
- Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; (C.N.); (N.A.); (T.A.); (K.S.); (M.M.); (A.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Keisuke Senda
- Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; (C.N.); (N.A.); (T.A.); (K.S.); (M.M.); (A.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Mio Matsui
- Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; (C.N.); (N.A.); (T.A.); (K.S.); (M.M.); (A.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Airi Ikegami
- Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; (C.N.); (N.A.); (T.A.); (K.S.); (M.M.); (A.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Kosuke Tanaka
- Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; (C.N.); (N.A.); (T.A.); (K.S.); (M.M.); (A.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Yasu-Taka Azuma
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Division of Veterinary Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan;
| | - Takashi Fujita
- Molecular Toxicology Lab., Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; (C.N.); (N.A.); (T.A.); (K.S.); (M.M.); (A.I.); (K.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-77-561-2848
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15
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Trikamjee T, Comberiati P, D'Auria E, Peroni D, Zuccotti GV. Nutritional Factors in the Prevention of Atopic Dermatitis in Children. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:577413. [PMID: 33585361 PMCID: PMC7874114 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.577413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is one of the most frequent chronic skin diseases worldwide and often develops within the first few years of life. Recent advancements in our knowledge of its pathophysiology have brought to light the role of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. With the increasing prevalence of allergic diseases, there is a strong need for a better understanding of the various modifiable eliciting factors of such conditions. The concomitant rise in food allergy and insights into the skin barrier function has highlighted the role of nutrition and diet in the prevention and modification of allergic disorders. Furthermore, the identification of the skin as an important route of sensitization, and the risk of progression to asthma later in life, stress the significance of optimizing our management of skin inflammation in the prevention of allergies. Many nutritional factors, including the type of maternal diet during pregnancy, the duration of breastfeeding, the epicutaneous exposure of allergenic food proteins in the first few years of life, the timing of the introduction of complementary foods, the supplementation of vitamins and probiotics/prebiotics during prenatal and early life, have been assessed as potential targets for the prevention of atopy and eczema. Here, we review the latest data addressing prenatal and perinatal nutritional and dietary interventions in the primary prevention of atopic dermatitis. Also, we define knowledge gaps and targets for future research in the prevention of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thulja Trikamjee
- Allergy and Immunology Unit, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Pasquale Comberiati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Enza D'Auria
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Peroni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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16
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Prenatal mold exposure is associated with development of atopic dermatitis in infants through allergic inflammation. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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17
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Lee E, Choi KY, Kang MJ, Lee SY, Yoon J, Cho HJ, Jung S, Lee SH, Suh DI, Shin YH, Kim KW, Ahn K, Hong SJ. Prenatal mold exposure is associated with development of atopic dermatitis in infants through allergic inflammation. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2020; 96:125-131. [PMID: 30243937 PMCID: PMC9432247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mold exposure in early life may be associated with development of atopic dermatitis; however, studies of this link are inconclusive and evidence for the underlying mechanism(s) is lacking. This study identified the association between the time of mold exposure and development of atopic dermatitis and investigated the underlying mechanisms. METHOD The association between atopic dermatitis and mold exposure was examined in the Cohort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and Allergic Diseases birth cohort study (n=1446). Atopic dermatitis was diagnosed at 1 year of age by pediatric allergists. Exposure to mold was assessed by questionnaire. The Illumina MiSeq platform was used to examine the environmental mycobiome in 20 randomly selected healthy infants and 20 infants with atopic dermatitis at 36 weeks of gestation. RESULTS Prenatal, but not postnatal, mold exposure was significantly associated with atopic dermatitis (adjusted odds ratio, 1.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.83). Levels of total serum IgE at 1 year of age were higher in infants with atopic dermatitis exposed to mold during pregnancy than in healthy infants not exposed to mold during pregnancy (p=0.021). The relative abundance of uncultured Ascomycota was higher in infants with atopic dermatitis than in healthy infants. The relative abundance of uncultured Ascomycota correlated with total serum IgE levels at 1 year of age (r=0.613, p<0.001). CONCLUSION Indoor mold exposure during the fetal period is associated with development of atopic dermatitis via IgE-mediated allergic inflammation. Avoidance of mold exposure during this critical period might prevent the development of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Lee
- Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil Yong Choi
- Pusan National University, Department of Environmental Engineering, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Kang
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Lee
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Childhood Asthma and Atopy Center, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisun Yoon
- Mediplex Sejong Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Cho
- International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Department of Pediatrics, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsu Jung
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Childhood Asthma and Atopy Center, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Hyeon Lee
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong In Suh
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Ho Shin
- CHA Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Severance Children's Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangmo Ahn
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Childhood Asthma and Atopy Center, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Abstract
When looking for diseases of the skin, this is usually done in a holistic way, automatically and unconsciously, by recognizing localization, distribution, and appearance of the primary or secondary skin lesions. When Robert Willan (1757-1812) introduced the concept of morphology of skin lesions, it became the basis for the classification of dermatoses. Apart from ethnic factors, the various dermatoses comprise a rainbow of colors ranging from the most common red color to yellow, blue, brown, silver, green, black, and white.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter Burg
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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19
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Cardona ID, Kempe EE, Lary C, Ginder JH, Jain N. Frequent Versus Infrequent Bathing in Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2019; 8:1014-1021. [PMID: 31733336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies evaluating bathing frequency in pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD) are limited. Parents of children with AD often receive conflicting information, leading to frustration and confusion. OBJECTIVE To evaluate efficacy of twice-daily soaking baths, followed by immediate application of an occlusive moisturizer (ie, soak-and-seal [SS]), versus twice-weekly SS baths, in the acute management of pediatric AD. METHODS We conducted a randomized, single-blind, crossover-controlled trial comparing frequent versus infrequent SS baths, in children 6 months to 11 years of age with moderate-to-severe AD. Children were randomized 1:1 into 2 groups: group 1 underwent twice-weekly SS baths, for 10 minutes or less, over 2 weeks ("dry method" [DM]) followed by twice-daily SS baths, for 15 to 20 minutes, over 2 weeks ("wet method" [WM]). Group 2 did the inverse. Patients received the same moisturizer, cleanser, and low-potency topical corticosteroid (TCS). Primary outcome was AD severity evaluated using the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index. Caregiver assessment of AD severity (Atopic Dermatitis Quickscore [ADQ]), quality of life, Staphylococcal aureus colonization, skin hydration, moisturizer, and TCS usage were assessed. RESULTS Of the 63 children screened, 42 fulfilled inclusion criteria and were randomized. Forty (95%) completed the study. WM decreased SCORAD by 21.2 compared with DM (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.9-27.6; P < .0001). Secondary analysis showed a greater than 30% SCORAD improvement for WM versus DM (McNemar's χ2 = 8.83, df = 1, P = .0030). SCORAD correlated with ADQ (r = 0.66), and ADQ also showed significant improvement with WM decreasing ADQ by 5.8 (95% CI, 1.8-9.7). No other secondary endpoints showed significance. CONCLUSIONS As an acute treatment intervention, WM is superior to DM at improving disease severity in moderate-to-severe pediatric AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan D Cardona
- Department of Pediatrics, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Portland, Maine.
| | - Erin E Kempe
- Colorado Allergy and Asthma Centers, Fort Collins, Colo
| | - Christine Lary
- Department of Pediatrics, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Portland, Maine
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Wang M, Ma J. Effect of NGR1 on the Atopic Dermatitis Model and its Mechanisms. Open Med (Wars) 2019; 14:847-853. [PMID: 31737789 PMCID: PMC6843485 DOI: 10.1515/med-2019-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly pruritic chronic inflammatory skin disease. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a unique ingredient of P. notoginseng which is a well-known medicinal herb for its long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine, has been identified to have various biologically active properties that include anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of NGR1 on AD remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of NGR1 on the in vitro cell model of AD induced by LPS stimulation. RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with 1 μg/ml LPS to establish the in vitro cell inflammation model of AD. RAW264.7 cells were treated with various concentrations of NGR1 (0.1, 1, and 10 μM); then, an MTT assay was performed to determine the cell viability. An ELISA assay detected the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, IL-1β; interleukin-6, IL-6; tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α). Additionally, NO production was measured using a nitrate/nitrite assay kit. Results indicated that LPS induced increases in the levels of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and NO production was significantly reduced by NGR1 treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Further, NGR1 treatment inhibited the activation of the NF-κB pathway, and the NLRP3 inflammasome in LPS stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The study data indicated that NGR1 might relieve atopic dermatitis via inhibiting inflammation through suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospita, 51#Fucheng Road, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jianli Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospita, 51#Fucheng Road, Beijing 100037, China
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21
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Busse WW. Are Biotherapeutics Revolutionizing Treatment of "Allergic" Diseases? THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2019; 5:1517-1518. [PMID: 29122153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William W Busse
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis.
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22
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases. AD is driven by barrier dysfunction and abnormal immune activation of T helper (Th) 2, Th22, and varying degrees of Th1 and Th17 among various subtypes. The Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) and spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) pathways are involved in signaling of several AD-related cytokines, such as IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-13, IL-31, IL-33, IL-23, IL-22, and IL-17, mediating downstream inflammation and barrier alterations. While AD is primarily Th2-driven, the clinical and molecular heterogeneity of AD endotypes highlights the unmet need for effective therapeutic options that target more than one immune axis and are safe for long-term use. The JAK inhibitors, which target different combinations of kinases, have overlapping but distinct mechanisms of action and safety profiles. Several topical and oral JAK inhibitors have been shown to decrease AD severity and symptoms. A review of the JAK and SYK inhibitors that are currently undergoing evaluation for efficacy and safety in the treatment of AD summarizes available data on a promising area of therapeutics and further elucidates the complex molecular interactions that drive AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen He
- Department of Dermatology and the Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5 E. 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology and the Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5 E. 98th Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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23
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Tóth KF, Ádám D, Bíró T, Oláh A. Cannabinoid Signaling in the Skin: Therapeutic Potential of the "C(ut)annabinoid" System. Molecules 2019; 24:E918. [PMID: 30845666 PMCID: PMC6429381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has lately been proven to be an important, multifaceted homeostatic regulator, which influences a wide-variety of physiological processes all over the body. Its members, the endocannabinoids (eCBs; e.g., anandamide), the eCB-responsive receptors (e.g., CB₁, CB₂), as well as the complex enzyme and transporter apparatus involved in the metabolism of the ligands were shown to be expressed in several tissues, including the skin. Although the best studied functions over the ECS are related to the central nervous system and to immune processes, experimental efforts over the last two decades have unambiguously confirmed that cutaneous cannabinoid ("c[ut]annabinoid") signaling is deeply involved in the maintenance of skin homeostasis, barrier formation and regeneration, and its dysregulation was implicated to contribute to several highly prevalent diseases and disorders, e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, scleroderma, acne, hair growth and pigmentation disorders, keratin diseases, various tumors, and itch. The current review aims to give an overview of the available skin-relevant endo- and phytocannabinoid literature with a special emphasis on the putative translational potential, and to highlight promising future research directions as well as existing challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Fanni Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Dorottya Ádám
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Bíró
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
- HCEMM Nonprofit Ltd., 6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Attila Oláh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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Topical Application of JAK1/JAK2 Inhibitor Momelotinib Exhibits Significant Anti-Inflammatory Responses in DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis Model Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123973. [PMID: 30544712 PMCID: PMC6321094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic recurrent skin disease dominated by T-helper 2 inflammation. Momelotinib (MMB) is a novel JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor suppressing the signal transduction of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies indicated that JAK inhibitor could play a therapeutic role in AD disease. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of MMB as a novel JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor in DNCB-induced AD mice and TSLP-activated dendritic cells. Our data showed that topical application of MMB reduced the skin severity scores and total serum IgE levels, and alleviated the histological indexes including epidermal thickness measurement and mast cell number. Also, it was demonstrated that MMB down-regulated the mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-5, IFN-γ and TSLP, and inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5 in skin lesions. Moreover, MMB reduced the expression of CD80, CD86, MHCII and mRNA of OX40L in TSLP-activated dendritic cells. In general, our study suggests that MMB can improve the symptoms of AD and topical application of MMB can become a promising new therapy strategy for AD.
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Zingkou E, Pampalakis G, Kiritsi D, Valari M, Jonca N, Sotiropoulou G. Activography reveals aberrant proteolysis in desquamating diseases of differing backgrounds. Exp Dermatol 2018; 28:86-89. [PMID: 30390391 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The role of epidermal proteolysis in overdesquamation was revealed in Netherton syndrome, a rare ichthyosis due to genetic deficiency of the LEKTI inhibitor of serine proteases. Recently, we developed activography, a new histochemical method, to spatially localize and semiquantitatively assess proteolytic activities using activity-based probes. Activography provides specificity and versatility compared to in situ zymography, the only available method to determine enzymatic activities in tissue biopsies. Here, activography was validated in skin biopsies obtained from an array of distinct disorders and compared with in situ zymography. Activography provides a methodological advancement due to its simplicity and specificity and can be readily adapted as a routine diagnostic assay. Interestingly, the levels of epidermal proteolysis correlated with the degree of desquamation independent of skin pathology. Thus, deregulated epidermal proteolysis likely represents a universal mechanism underlying aberrant desquamation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Zingkou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rion-Patras, Greece
| | - Georgios Pampalakis
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rion-Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitra Kiritsi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Nathalie Jonca
- Epithelial Differentiation and Rheumatoid Autoimmunity Unit (UDEAR), Hôpital Purpan, UMR 1056 Inserm - Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Georgia Sotiropoulou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rion-Patras, Greece
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Iizumi K, Kawasaki H, Shigenaga A, Tominaga M, Otsu A, Kamo A, Kamata Y, Takamori K, Yamakura F. Tryptophan nitration of immunoglobulin light chain as a new possible biomarker for atopic dermatitis. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2018; 63:197-204. [PMID: 30487669 PMCID: PMC6252303 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.18-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To reduce the incidence and severity of atopic dermatitis, detection and treatment at an early stage are urgently required, but no effective biomarker has been reported. In this study, we attempted to detect a candidate biomarker of early stage atopic dermatitis by focusing on the levels of nitrated residues in the plasma proteins of atopic dermatitis model mice (NC/Nga mice). We found that the immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain was more highly nitrated in the plasma of the animal model than that of control mice. Western blot analysis showed a statistically significant difference between the 6-nitrotryptophan content of the Ig light chain in the NC/Nga mice before onset of atopic dermatitis symptoms and that of the control mice. LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis demonstrated that these light chains contained nitrotryptophan (Trp56) and nitrotyrosine (Tyr66). Immunofluorescence staining revealed a significant increase in manganese superoxide dismutase and inducible nitric oxide synthase production in the skin lesions of the NC/Nga mice. Furthermore, we found protein-bound 6-nitrotryptophan and 3-nitrotyrosine only in the lesioned skin, where their signals partially overlapped with the IgG signal. Our findings suggest that the 6-nitrotryptophan content of Ig light chains could be a new biomarker for detecting early stage atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoichi Iizumi
- Juntendo University Faculty of Health and Sports Science, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kawasaki
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Ayako Shigenaga
- Institute of Health Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Tominaga
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Ayaka Otsu
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kamo
- Juntendo University Faculty of Healthcare and Nursing, 2-1-1 Takasu, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0023, Japan
| | - Yayoi Kamata
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Kenji Takamori
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Yamakura
- Juntendo University Faculty of International Liberal Arts, 2-1-1, Bunkyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-8424, Japan
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic skin disorder that can significantly impact the quality of life of affected individuals as well as their families. Although the pathogenesis of the disorder is not completely understood, it appears to result from the complex interplay between defects in skin barrier function, environmental and infectious agents, and immune dysregulation. There are no diagnostic tests for AD; therefore, the diagnosis is based on specific clinical criteria that take into account the patient's history and clinical manifestations. Successful management of the disorder requires a multifaceted approach that involves education, optimal skin care practices, anti-inflammatory treatment with topical corticosteroids and/or topical calcineurin inhibitors, the management of pruritus, and the treatment of skin infections. Systemic immunosuppressive agents may also be used, but are generally reserved for severe flare-ups or more difficult-to-control disease. Topical corticosteroids are the first-line pharmacologic treatments for AD, and evidence suggests that these agents may also be beneficial for the prophylaxis of disease flare-ups. Although the prognosis for patients with AD is generally favourable, those patients with severe, widespread disease and concomitant atopic conditions, such as asthma and allergic rhinitis, are likely to experience poorer outcomes.
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Lu YY, Lu CC, Yu WW, Zhang L, Wang QR, Zhang CL, Wu CH. Keloid risk in patients with atopic dermatitis: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in Taiwan. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e022865. [PMID: 30021755 PMCID: PMC6059319 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathogenesis of keloid is largely unknown. Because keloid and atopic dermatitis have overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms, we aimed to evaluate keloid risk in patients with atopic dermatitis. STUDY DESIGN Population-based retrospective cohort study. SETTING The Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database was used to analyse data for people who had been diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. PARTICIPANTS We identified 8371 patients with newly diagnosed atopic dermatitis during 1996-2010. An additional 33 484 controls without atopic dermatitis were randomly identified and frequency matched at a one-to-four ratio. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURE The association between atopic dermatitis and keloid risk was estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression models. RESULTS After adjustment for covariates, the atopic dermatitis patients have a 3.19-fold greater risk of developing keloid compared with the non-atopic dermatitis group (3.19vs1.07 per 1000 person-years, respectively). During the study period, 163 patients with atopic dermatitis and 532 patients without atopic dermatitis developed keloid. Notably, keloid risk increased with severity of atopic dermatitis, particularly in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that patients with atopic dermatitis had a higher than normal risk of developing keloid and suggest that atopic dermatitis may be an independent risk factor for keloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Cosmetic Applications and Management Department, Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care & Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ching Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhangjiagang First People’s Hospital, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Qing-Rui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qinghe County Central Hospital, Qinghe, China
| | - Cong-Liang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei Quyang Renji Hospital, Quyang, China
| | - Chieh-Hsin Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Zhu TH, Zhu TR, Tran KA, Sivamani RK, Shi VY. Epithelial barrier dysfunctions in atopic dermatitis: a skin-gut-lung model linking microbiome alteration and immune dysregulation. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:570-581. [PMID: 29761483 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis is a systemic disorder characterized by abnormal barrier function across multiple organ sites. Causes of epidermal barrier breakdown are complex and driven by a combination of structural, genetic, environmental and immunological factors. In addition, alteration in microflora diversity can influence disease severity, duration, and response to treatment. Clinically, atopic dermatitis can progress from skin disease to food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and later asthma, a phenomenon commonly known as the atopic march. The mechanism by which atopic dermatitis progresses towards gastrointestinal or airway disease remains to be elucidated. OBJECTIVES This review addresses how epithelial dysfunction linking microbiome alteration and immune dysregulation can predispose to the development of the atopic march. METHODS A literature search was conducted using the PubMed database for relevant articles with the keywords 'atopic dermatitis', 'epithelial barrier', 'skin', 'gut', 'lung', 'microbiome' and 'immune dysregulation'. RESULTS Initial disruption in the skin epidermal barrier permits allergen sensitization and colonization by pathogens. This induces a T helper 2 inflammatory response and a thymic stromal lymphopoietin-mediated pathway that further promotes barrier breakdown at distant sites, including the intestinal and respiratory tract. CONCLUSIONS As there are no immediate cures for food allergy or asthma, early intervention aimed at protecting the skin barrier and effective control of local and systemic inflammation may improve long-term outcomes and reduce allergen sensitization in the airway and gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Zhu
- University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A
| | - T R Zhu
- The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, U.S.A
| | - K A Tran
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
| | - R K Sivamani
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, U.S.A
| | - V Y Shi
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
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Boguniewicz M. Biologic Therapy for Atopic Dermatitis: Moving Beyond the Practice Parameter and Guidelines. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2018; 5:1477-1487. [PMID: 29122151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2017.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD), a common chronic pruritic inflammatory skin disease, impacts the quality of life of patients and caregivers and has become a global health problem. It is increasingly recognized as a disease not only of children but also of adults who may have a persistent or relapsing course from childhood or who develop new-onset adult disease. Besides well-established atopic comorbidities, associations with a number of nonatopic comorbidities have been reported. AD is characterized by both immune dysregulation and epidermal barrier dysfunction. The findings that nonlesional skin in AD has both terminal keratinocyte differentiation defects and immune abnormalities as well as multiple markers of immune and inflammatory activation in the circulation point to the systemic nature of the disease and have important translational implications. Although AD is predominantly associated with type 2 immune responses, activation of other cytokine pathways including TH1, TH22, and TH17/IL-23 has been reported, suggesting potential therapeutic targets and provide a rationale for treatment with novel biologics. Dupilumab, a fully human mAb targeting the IL-4 Rα subunit, blocks signaling of both IL-4 and IL-13 and is the first biologic to be approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe AD in adult patients. Other biologics in current trials for AD are targeting the IL-31 receptor, IL-13, and the common p40 subunit of IL-12/IL-23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Boguniewicz
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colo.
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Nemolizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: Randomized, phase II, long-term extension study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 142:1121-1130.e7. [PMID: 29753033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nemolizumab, an anti-IL-31 receptor A mAb, improved pruritus, dermatitis, and sleep in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis that was inadequately controlled by topical treatments in a phase II, 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (part A; NCT01986933). OBJECTIVE We sought to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of nemolizumab injected subcutaneously every 4 weeks (Q4W) or every 8 weeks (Q8W) in a 52-week, double-blind extension (part B). METHODS During part B, patients continued the previous nemolizumab dose (0.1, 0.5, or 2.0 mg/kg Q4W or 2.0 mg/kg Q8W). Part B end points included percentage improvement from baseline in pruritus visual analog scale and dermatitis scores (including the Eczema Area and Severity Index). RESULTS Overall, 216 of 264 patients completed part A, and 191 entered part B; 131 completed part B. In 153 patients randomized to nemolizumab in part A, improvement from baseline in pruritus visual analog scale score was maintained/increased from weeks 12 to 64, with greatest improvement in the 0.5-mg/kg Q4W group (percentage change from baseline at week 64: -73.0, -89.6, -74.7, and -79.1 in the 0.1-, 0.5-, and 2.0-mg/kg Q4W and 2.0-mg/kg Q8W groups, respectively). Improvement from baseline in dermatitis scores was also maintained/increased to week 64 (percentage change in Eczema Area and Severity Index score: -68.5, -75.8, -78.9, and -69.3 in the 0.1-, 0.5-, and 2.0-mg/kg Q4W and 2.0-mg/kg Q8W groups, respectively). Over 64 weeks, 83% to 89% had 1 or more adverse events, with no new safety concerns identified. CONCLUSION Nemolizumab for up to 64 weeks was efficacious and overall well tolerated in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis inadequately controlled by topical therapy.
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Kabashima K, Biedermann T. A new era for translational atopic dermatitis research and management. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:313-317. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kabashima
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Dermatology; Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Technical University of Munich; Munich Germany
- Clinical Unit Allergology; Helmholtz Zentrum München; German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH); Germany
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Molecular allergology uses pure, mainly recombinant and structurally defined allergen molecules and allergen-derived epitopes to study mechanisms of IgE-associated allergy, to diagnose, and even predict the development of allergic manifestations and to treat and prevent IgE-associated allergies. Atopic dermatitis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease is almost always associated with IgE sensitization to allergens. However, also non-IgE-mediated pathomechanisms seem to be operative in atopic dermatitis and it is often difficult to identify the disease-causing allergens. Here we review recent work showing the usefulness of molecular allergology to study mechanisms of atopic dermatitis, for diagnosis and eventually for treatment and prevention of atopic dermatitis. RECENT FINDINGS IgE sensitization to airborne, food-derived, microbial allergens, and autoallergens has been found to be associated with atopic dermatitis. Using defined allergen molecules and non-IgE-reactive allergen derivatives, evidence could be provided for the existence of IgE- and non-IgE-mediated mechanisms of inflammation in atopic dermatitis. Furthermore, effects of epicutaneous allergen administration on systemic allergen-specific immune responses have been studied. Multi-allergen tests containing micro-arrayed allergen molecules have been shown to be useful for the identification of culprit allergens in atopic dermatitis and may improve the management of atopic dermatitis by allergen-specific immunotherapy, allergen avoidance, and IgE-targeting therapies in a personalized medicine approach. SUMMARY Molecular allergology allows for dissection of the pathomechanisms of atopic dermatitis, provides new forms of allergy diagnosis for identification of disease-causing allergens, and opens the door to new forms of management by allergen-specific and T cells-targeting or IgE-targeting interventions in a personalized medicine approach.
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Nomura T, Honda T, Kabashima K. Multipolarity of cytokine axes in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis in terms of age, race, species, disease stage and biomarkers. Int Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxy015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8326, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Honda
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8326, Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8326, Japan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Institute of Medical Biology (IMB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
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Targeting Intramembrane Protein-Protein Interactions: Novel Therapeutic Strategy of Millions Years Old. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2018; 111:61-99. [PMID: 29459036 PMCID: PMC7102818 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intramembrane protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are involved in transmembrane signal transduction mediated by cell surface receptors and play an important role in health and disease. Recently, receptor-specific modulatory peptides rationally designed using a general platform of transmembrane signaling, the signaling chain homooligomerization (SCHOOL) model, have been proposed to therapeutically target these interactions in a variety of serious diseases with unmet needs including cancer, sepsis, arthritis, retinopathy, and thrombosis. These peptide drug candidates use ligand-independent mechanisms of action (SCHOOL mechanisms) and demonstrate potent efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Recent studies surprisingly revealed that in order to modify and/or escape the host immune response, human viruses use similar mechanisms and modulate cell surface receptors by targeting intramembrane PPIs in a ligand-independent manner. Here, I review these intriguing mechanistic similarities and discuss how the viral strategies optimized over a billion years of the coevolution of viruses and their hosts can help to revolutionize drug discovery science and develop new, disruptive therapies. Examples are given.
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IL-4 driven transcription factor FoxQ1 is expressed by monocytes in atopic dermatitis and stimulates monocyte migration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16847. [PMID: 29203829 PMCID: PMC5715145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17307-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes are actively recruited at sites of chronic inflammation. However, molecular factors involved in this process are not fully elucidated. Here, we show that cytokine IL-4 which is implicated in the development of chronic inflammatory disease atopic dermatitis (AD) induces expression of transcription factor FoxQ1 in human monocytes and macrophages. FoxQ1 mRNA levels were elevated in monocytes of AD patients compared to healthy donors. Overexpression of FoxQ1 in RAW 264.7 monocytic cells facilitated their migration towards MCP-1 and was associated with decreased expression of migration-regulating genes (claudin 11 and plexin C1). Furthermore, FoxQ1 overexpression in RAW cells accelerated TNFα secretion after LPS challenge. Overall, our results indicate that FoxQ1 stimulates monocyte motility, increases pro-inflammatory potential, and directs monocyte migration towards MCP-1 that is crucial for monocyte influx into inflammatory sites. This mechanism could contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory disorders such as AD.
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Kabashima K, Nomura T. Revisiting murine models for atopic dermatitis and psoriasis with multipolar cytokine axes. Curr Opin Immunol 2017; 48:99-107. [PMID: 28915378 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis are one of the common skin diseases. Animal models are a powerful tool to analyze these diseases, which are complicated by multiple cytokine pathways. However, many discrepancies between the human diseases and murine models have been noticed. Therefore, investigators should be aware of the differences between the murine AD models and human AD when translating murine data to human skin diseases. This review highlights the differences between the inflammatory profiles between murine models and human diseases focusing on AD and psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara, Sakyoku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore.
| | - Takashi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara, Sakyoku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Analytical characterization of human milk oligosaccharides - potential applications in pharmaceutical analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 146:168-178. [PMID: 28881314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human breast milk is the gold standard for infant feeding and the best possible nourishment a new-born could have. Breastfeeding is the natural way to provide optimal nutritional, immunological and emotional nurturing for the healthy growth and development of infants. Human milk is a complex and dynamic biofluid comprised of many hundreds to thousands of distinct bioactive structures, among which one of the most abundant substances are the non-conjugated complex carbohydrates referred to as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). Due to their structural diversity and abundance, HMOs possess many beneficial biological functions. In order to understand human milk composition and HMO functions, state-of-the-art glycomic methods are inevitable. The industrial, large scale chemoenzymatic production of the most abundant HMOs became a reality in the last years and it evokes the need for straightforward and genuine analytical procedures to monitor the synthetic process and the quality of the products. It is obvious, that HMOs represent the next breakthrough in infant nutrition, as the addition of HMOs (such as 2'-fucosyllactose or lacto-N-neotetraose) to infant- and follow-on formulas, processed cereal-based food and baby foods for infants and young children etc. will revolutionize this field. This review highlights the potential applications of HMOs in the (bio)pharmaceutical industry, also summarizes the analytical methods available for the characterization of HMOs. An overview of the structure and function of HMOs along with their determination methods in complex matrices are provided. Various separation methods including liquid- and gas chromatography and capillary electrophoresis for the characterization and novel approaches for the quantitation of HMOs are discussed.
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40
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Brunner PM, Guttman-Yassky E, Leung DYM. The immunology of atopic dermatitis and its reversibility with broad-spectrum and targeted therapies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139:S65-S76. [PMID: 28390479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 397] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD), the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease, is driven by both terminal keratinocyte differentiation defects and strong type 2 immune responses. In contrast to chronic plaque-type psoriasis, AD is now understood to be a much more heterogeneous disease, with additional activation of TH22, TH17/IL-23, and TH1 cytokine pathways depending on the subtype of the disease. In this review we discuss our current understanding of the AD immune map in both patients with early-onset and those with chronic disease. Clinical studies with broad and targeted therapeutics have helped to elucidate the contribution of various immune axes to the disease phenotype. Importantly, immune activation extends well beyond lesional AD because nonlesional skin and the blood component harbor AD-specific inflammatory changes. For this reason, future therapeutics will need to focus on a systemic treatment approach, especially in patients with moderate-to-severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Brunner
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory for Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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41
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Otsuka A, Nomura T, Rerknimitr P, Seidel JA, Honda T, Kabashima K. The interplay between genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Immunol Rev 2017; 278:246-262. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
| | - Takashi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
| | - Pawinee Rerknimitr
- Department of Dermatology; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
- Division of Dermatology; Department of Medicine; Faculty of Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Judith A. Seidel
- Department of Dermatology; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
| | - Tetsuya Honda
- Department of Dermatology; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Institute of Medical Biology; Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Biopolis; Singapore
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Advances in atopic dermatitis and urticarial in 2016. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:369-376. [PMID: 28652155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights recent key advances in the pathology and therapies of inflammatory skin diseases, focusing on atopic dermatitis (AD) and chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Regarding AD, transcriptomic analysis with human samples revealed different immune profiles between childhood and adult AD. Phase III clinical trials of dupilumab, an anti-IL-4 receptor α antibody, in the treatment of AD have successfully finished, and dupilumab will appear in clinical practice as the first biologic for AD in 2017. In addition, a novel biologic that targets IL-31 shows promising results in a phase II trial. As for the skin microbiome study, novel insights into the mechanisms of microbial dysbiosis, such as colonization of Staphylococcus aureus, a common feature of AD, were proposed. Regarding CSU, autoreactive CD4+ T cells that react to FcεRI were discovered, which might contribute to the development of CSU. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of AD and CSU and will lead to more specific and personalized treatments.
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Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR): "pioneer member" of the basic-helix/loop/helix per-Arnt-sim (bHLH/PAS) family of "sensors" of foreign and endogenous signals. Prog Lipid Res 2017; 67:38-57. [PMID: 28606467 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The basic-helix/loop/helix per-Arnt-sim (bHLH/PAS) family comprises many transcription factors, found throughout all three kingdoms of life; bHLH/PAS members "sense" innumerable intracellular and extracellular "signals" - including endogenous compounds, foreign chemicals, gas molecules, redox potential, photons (light), gravity, heat, and osmotic pressure. These signals then initiate downstream signaling pathways involved in responding to that signal. The term "PAS", abbreviation for "per-Arnt-sim" was first coined in 1991. Although the mouse Arnt gene was not identified until 1991, evidence of its co-transcriptional binding partner, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), was first reported in 1974 as a "sensor" of foreign chemicals, up-regulating cytochrome P450 family 1 (CYP1) and other enzyme activities that usually metabolize the signaling chemical. Within a few years, AHR was proposed also to participate in inflammation. The mouse [Ah] locus was shown (1973-1989) to be relevant to chemical carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, toxicity and teratogenesis, the mouse Ahr gene was cloned in 1992, and the first Ahr(-/-) knockout mouse line was reported in 1995. After thousands of studies from the early 1970s to present day, we now realize that AHR participates in dozens of signaling pathways involved in critical-life processes, affecting virtually every organ and cell-type in the animal, including many invertebrates.
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Rerknimitr P, Otsuka A, Nakashima C, Kabashima K. The etiopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis: barrier disruption, immunological derangement, and pruritus. Inflamm Regen 2017; 37:14. [PMID: 29259713 PMCID: PMC5725646 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-017-0044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent eczema accompanied by an intractable itch that leads to an impaired quality of life. Extensive recent studies have shed light on the multifaceted pathogenesis of the disease. The complex interplay among skin barrier deficiency, immunological derangement, and pruritus contributes to the development, progression, and chronicity of the disease. Abnormalities in filaggrin, other stratum corneum constituents, and tight junctions induce and/or promote skin inflammation. This inflammation, in turn, can further deteriorate the barrier function by downregulating a myriad of essential barrier-maintaining molecules. Pruritus in AD, which may be due to hyperinnervation of the epidermis, increases pruritogens, and central sensitization compromises the skin integrity and promotes inflammation. There are unmet needs in the treatment of AD. Based on the detailed evidence available to date, certain disease mechanisms can be chosen as treatment targets. Numerous clinical trials of biological agents are currently being conducted and are expected to provide treatments for patients suffering from AD in the future. This review summarizes the etiopathogenesis of the disease and provides a rationale for choosing the novel targeted therapy that will be available in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawinee Rerknimitr
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawara, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan.,Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Skin and Allergy Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Atsushi Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawara, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Chisa Nakashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawara, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawara, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan.,Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Biopolis, Singapore
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Mineral-balanced deep sea water enhances the inhibitory effects of chitosan oligosaccharide on atopic dermatitis-like inflammatory response. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-017-0091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Zhang Z, Zheng W, Xie H, Chai R, Wang J, Zhang H, He S. Up-regulated expression of substance P in CD8 + T cells and NK1R on monocytes of atopic dermatitis. J Transl Med 2017; 15:93. [PMID: 28460633 PMCID: PMC5412038 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1196-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large numbers of CD8+ T cells were observed in atopic dermatitis (AD) skin, and monocytes from AD patients showed increased prostaglandin E2 production. However, little is known about the expression of substance P (SP) and its receptor NK1R in blood leukocytes of patients with AD. OBJECTIVE To explore the expression of SP and NK1R in leukocytes of AD and the influence of allergens on SP and NK1R expression. METHODS The expression levels of SP and NK1R in patients with AD were examined by flow cytometry, ELISA and a mouse AD model. RESULTS The plasma SP level was 4.9-fold higher in patients with AD than in HC subjects. Both the percentage of SP expression in the population and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of SP expression were elevated in CD8+ T cells in the blood of AD patients. However, both the CD14+NK1R+ population and MFI of NK1R expression on CD14+ cells were enhanced in the blood of AD patients. Allergens ASWE, HDME and PPE failed to up-regulate SP expression in CD8+ T cells. However, allergens ASWE and HDME both enhanced NK1R expression on CD14+ blood leukocytes regardless of AD or HC subjects. OVA-sensitized AD mice showed an elevated proportion and MFI of SP-expressing CD8+ T cells in the blood, which agrees with the SP expression situation in human AD blood. Injection of SP into mouse skin did not up-regulate NK1R expression on monocytes. CONCLUSIONS An elevated plasma SP level, up-regulated expression of SP and NK1R indicate that the SP/NK1R complex is important in the development of AD. Therefore, SP and NK1R antagonist or blocker agents may help to treat patients with AD. Trial registration Registration number: ChiCTR-BOC-16010279; Registration date: Dec., 28, 2016; retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenan Zhang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, No. 2, Section 5, Renmin Street, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjiao Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zibo Mining Group Co., LTD. Central Hospital, Zibo, 255120, Shandong, China
| | - Hua Xie
- The PLA Center of Respiratory and Allergic Disease Diagnosing Management, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, 110840, Liaoning, China
| | - Ruonan Chai
- The PLA Center of Respiratory and Allergic Disease Diagnosing Management, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, 110840, Liaoning, China
| | - Junling Wang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, No. 2, Section 5, Renmin Street, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyun Zhang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, No. 2, Section 5, Renmin Street, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoheng He
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, No. 2, Section 5, Renmin Street, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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Kim WJ, Koo JH, Cho HJ, Lee JU, Kim JY, Lee HG, Lee S, Kim JH, Oh MS, Suh M, Shin EC, Ko JY, Sohn MH, Choi JM. Protein tyrosine phosphatase conjugated with a novel transdermal delivery peptide, astrotactin 1-derived peptide recombinant protein tyrosine phosphatase (AP-rPTP), alleviates both atopic dermatitis-like and psoriasis-like dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 141:137-151. [PMID: 28456618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis are the 2 most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases. There is an unmet medical need to overcome limitations for transcutaneous drug development posed by the skin barrier. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify a novel transdermal delivery peptide and to develop a transcutaneously applicable immunomodulatory protein for treating AD and psoriasis. METHODS We identified and generated reporter proteins conjugated to astrotactin 1-derived peptide (AP), a novel transdermal delivery peptide of human origin, and analyzed the intracellular delivery efficiency of these proteins in mouse and human skin cells and tissues using multiphoton confocal microscopy. We also generated a recombinant therapeutic protein, AP-recombinant protein tyrosine phosphatase (rPTP), consisting of the phosphatase domain of the T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase conjugated to AP. The immunomodulatory function of AP-rPTP was confirmed in splenocytes on cytokine stimulation and T-cell receptor stimulation. Finally, we confirmed the in vivo efficacy of AP-rPTP transdermal delivery in patients with oxazolone-induced contact hypersensitivity, ovalbumin-induced AD-like, and imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation models. RESULTS AP-conjugated reporter proteins exhibited significant intracellular transduction efficacy in keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and immune cells. In addition, transcutaneous administration of AP-dTomato resulted in significant localization into the dermis and epidermis in both mouse and human skin. AP-rPTP inhibited phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1, STAT3, and STAT6 in splenocytes and also regulated T-cell activation and proliferation. Transcutaneous administration of AP-rPTP through the paper-patch technique significantly ameliorated skin tissue thickening, inflammation, and cytokine expression in both AD-like and psoriasis-like dermatitis models. CONCLUSION We identified a 9-amino-acid novel transdermal delivery peptide, AP, and demonstrated its feasibility for transcutaneous biologic drug development. Moreover, AP-rPTP is a novel immunomodulatory drug candidate for human dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Ju Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ja-Hyun Koo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Cho
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Ung Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Gyun Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sohee Lee
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Kim
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Mi Seon Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minah Suh
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Seoul, Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Ko
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Hyun Sohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je-Min Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Korea.
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Popadić S, Gajić-Veljić M, Prćić S, Mijušković Ž, Jovanović D, Kandolf-Sekulović L, Nikolić M. National Guidelines for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/sjdv-2016-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Popadić
- Clinic of Dermatovenereology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Department of Dermatovenereology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Gajić-Veljić
- Clinic of Dermatovenereology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Department of Dermatovenereology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Prćić
- Institute for Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Željko Mijušković
- Clinic of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Military Medical Academy, Department of Dermatovenereology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Jovanović
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Clinic of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Clinical Center Niš, School of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Lidija Kandolf-Sekulović
- Clinic of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Military Medical Academy, Department of Dermatovenereology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miloš Nikolić
- Clinic of Dermatovenereology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Department of Dermatovenereology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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