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Bora S, Adole PS, Vinod KV, Pillai AA, Ahmed S. GC-MS validation and analysis of targeted plasma metabolites related to carbonyl stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without acute coronary syndrome. Biomed Chromatogr 2024:e5952. [PMID: 38966927 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is responsible for advanced glycation end-product formation, the mechanisms leading to diabetes pathogenesis and complications like acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Sugar metabolites, amino acids and fatty acids are possible substrates for MG. The study aimed to measure plasma MG substrate levels using a validated gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method and explore their association with ACS risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study included 150 T2DM patients with ACS as cases and 150 T2DM without ACS as controls for the analysis of glucose, fructose, ribulose, sorbitol, glycerol, pyruvate, lactate, glycine, serine, threonine, C16:0, C16:1, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:0 and C22:6 by GC-MS. Validated GC-MS methods were accurate, precise and sensitive. Cases significantly differed in plasma MG and metabolite levels except for lactate, C16:0, C18:0, C18:2, and C18:3 levels compared with controls. On multivariable logistic regression, plasma C20:0, C18:1, glycine and glycerol levels had increased odds of ACS risk. On multivariate receiver operating characteristic analysis, a model containing plasma C20:0, C16:1, C18:1, C18:2, serine, glycerol, lactate and threonine levels had the highest area under the curve value (0.932) for ACS diagnosis. In conclusion, plasma C20:0, C16:1, C18:1, glycine, glycerol and sorbitol levels were associated with ACS risk in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Bora
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Prashant Shankarrao Adole
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Kolar Vishwanath Vinod
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Ajith Ananthakrishna Pillai
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Shaheer Ahmed
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
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2
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Wang Y, Wu G, Xiao F, Yin H, Yu L, Chen Y, Shehzad Q, Xu L, Zhang H, Jin Q, Wang X. Fatty acid composition in erythrocytes and coronary artery disease risk: a case-control study in China. Food Funct 2024; 15:7174-7188. [PMID: 38895817 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00016a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Background and aims: There is limited and conflicting evidence about the association of erythrocyte fatty acids with coronary artery disease (CAD), particularly in China where the CAD rates are high. Our study aimed to explore the association between erythrocyte fatty acid composition and CAD risk in Chinese adults. Methods: Erythrocyte fatty acids of 314 CAD patients and 314 matched controls were measured by gas chromatography. Multivariable conditional logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to explore the odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (OR, 95% CI) and potential association between erythrocyte fatty acids and CAD risk. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze further the potential role of various erythrocyte fatty acid patterns in relation to CAD risk. Results: Significant inverse associations were observed between high levels of erythrocyte total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) [ORT3-T1 = 0.18 (0.12, 0.28)], monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) [ORT3-T1 = 0.21 (0.13, 0.32)], and the risk of CAD. Conversely, levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFAs) were positively associated with CAD risk [ORT3-T1 = 3.33 (2.18, 5.13), ORT3-T1 = 1.61 (1.06, 2.43)]. No significant association was observed between CAD risk and total trans fatty acids. Additionally, the PCA identifies four new fatty acid patterns (FAPs). The risk of CAD was significantly positively associated with FAP1 and FAP2, while being negatively correlated with FAP3 and FAP4. Conclusion: The different types of erythrocyte fatty acids may significantly alter susceptibility to CAD. Elevated levels of n-3-PUFAs and MUFAs are considered as protective biomarkers against CAD, while SFAs and n-6 PUFAs may be associated with higher CAD risk in Chinese adults. The risk of CAD was positively associated with FAP1 and FAP2, and negatively associated with FAP3 and FAP4. Combinations of erythrocyte fatty acids may be more important markers of CAD development than individual fatty acids or their subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Gangcheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Hongming Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Le Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010000, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Qayyum Shehzad
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Lirong Xu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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3
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Anlar GG, Anwardeen N, Al Ashmar S, Pedersen S, Elrayess MA, Zeidan A. Metabolomics Profiling of Stages of Coronary Artery Disease Progression. Metabolites 2024; 14:292. [PMID: 38921428 PMCID: PMC11205943 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) and atherosclerosis pose significant global health challenges, with intricate molecular changes influencing disease progression. Hypercholesterolemia (HC), hypertension (HT), and diabetes are key contributors to CAD development. Metabolomics, with its comprehensive analysis of metabolites, offers a unique perspective on cardiovascular diseases. This study leveraged metabolomics profiling to investigate the progression of CAD, focusing on the interplay of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and diabetes. We performed a metabolomic analysis on 221 participants from four different groups: (I) healthy individuals, (II) individuals with hypercholesterolemia (HC), (III) individuals with both HC and hypertension (HT) or diabetes, and (IV) patients with self-reported coronary artery disease (CAD). Utilizing data from the Qatar Biobank, we combined clinical information, metabolomic profiling, and statistical analyses to identify key metabolites associated with CAD risk. Our data identified distinct metabolite profiles across the study groups, indicating changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism linked to CAD risk. Specifically, levels of mannitol/sorbitol, mannose, glucose, and ribitol increased, while pregnenediol sulfate, oleoylcarnitine, and quinolinate decreased with higher CAD risk. These findings suggest a significant role of sugar, steroid, and fatty acid metabolism in CAD progression and point to the need for further research on the correlation between quinolinate levels and CAD risk, potentially guiding targeted treatments for atherosclerosis. This study provides novel insights into the metabolomic changes associated with CAD progression, emphasizing the potential of metabolites as predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsen Guliz Anlar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (G.G.A.); (S.A.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Najeha Anwardeen
- Biomedical Research Center (BRC), QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (N.A.); (M.A.E.)
| | - Sarah Al Ashmar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (G.G.A.); (S.A.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Shona Pedersen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (G.G.A.); (S.A.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Mohamed A. Elrayess
- Biomedical Research Center (BRC), QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (N.A.); (M.A.E.)
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (G.G.A.); (S.A.A.); (S.P.)
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Reilly NA, Sonnet F, Dekkers KF, Kwekkeboom JC, Sinke L, Hilt S, Suleiman HM, Hoeksema MA, Mei H, van Zwet EW, Everts B, Ioan-Facsinay A, Jukema JW, Heijmans BT. Oleic acid triggers metabolic rewiring of T cells poising them for T helper 9 differentiation. iScience 2024; 27:109496. [PMID: 38558932 PMCID: PMC10981094 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells are the most common immune cells in atherosclerotic plaques, and the function of T cells can be altered by fatty acids. Here, we show that pre-exposure of CD4+ T cells to oleic acid, an abundant fatty acid linked to cardiovascular events, upregulates core metabolic pathways and promotes differentiation into interleukin-9 (IL-9)-producing cells upon activation. RNA sequencing of non-activated T cells reveals that oleic acid upregulates genes encoding key enzymes responsible for cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis. Transcription footprint analysis links these expression changes to the differentiation toward TH9 cells, a pro-atherogenic subset. Spectral flow cytometry shows that pre-exposure to oleic acid results in a skew toward IL-9+-producing T cells upon activation. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of either cholesterol or fatty acid biosynthesis abolishes this effect, suggesting a beneficial role for statins beyond cholesterol lowering. Taken together, oleic acid may affect inflammatory diseases like atherosclerosis by rewiring T cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie A. Reilly
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Friederike Sonnet
- Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LUCID), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Koen F. Dekkers
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Lucy Sinke
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Stan Hilt
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hayat M. Suleiman
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marten A. Hoeksema
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hailiang Mei
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik W. van Zwet
- Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bart Everts
- Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LUCID), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Andreea Ioan-Facsinay
- Department of Rheumatology Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - J. Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan T. Heijmans
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
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5
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Yuan N, Wang Y, Pan Q, Zhao L, Qi X, Sun S, Suolang Q, Ciren L, Danzeng L, Liu Y, Zhang L, Gao T, Basang Z, Lian H, Sun Y. From the perspective of rumen microbiome and host metabolome, revealing the effects of feeding strategies on Jersey Cows on the Tibetan Plateau. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16010. [PMID: 37719116 PMCID: PMC10501371 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have discussed the effects of grazing and house feeding on yaks during the cold season when forage is in short supply, but there is limited information on the effects of these feeding strategies on Jersey cows introduced to the Tibetan Plateau. The objective of this study was to use genomics and metabolomics analyses to examine changes in rumen microbiology and organism metabolism of Jersey cows with different feeding strategies. Methods We selected 12 Jersey cows with similar body conditions and kept them for 60 days under grazing (n = 6) and house-feeding (n = 6) conditions. At the end of the experiment, samples of rumen fluid and serum were collected from Jersey cows that had been fed using different feeding strategies. The samples were analyzed for rumen fermentation parameters, rumen bacterial communities, serum antioxidant and immunological indices, and serum metabolomics. The results of the study were examined to find appropriate feeding strategies for Jersey cows during the cold season on the Tibetan plateau. Results The results of rumen fermentation parameters showed that concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammonia nitrogen in the house-feeding group (Group B) were significantly higher than in the grazing group (Group G) (P < 0.05). In terms of the rumen bacterial community 16S rRNA gene, the Chao1 index was significantly higher in Group G than in Group B (P = 0.038), while observed species, Shannon and Simpson indices were not significantly different from the above-mentioned groups (P > 0.05). Beta diversity analysis revealed no significant differences in the composition of the rumen microbiota between the two groups. Analysis of serum antioxidant and immune indices showed no significant differences in total antioxidant capacity between Group G and Group B (P > 0.05), while IL-6, Ig-M , and TNF-α were significantly higher in Group G than in Group B (P < 0.05). LC-MS metabolomics analysis of serum showed that a total of 149 major serum differential metabolites were found in Group G and Group B. The differential metabolites were enriched in the metabolic pathways of biosynthesis of amino acids, protein digestion and absorption, ABC transporters, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, mineral absorption, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. These data suggest that the house-feeding strategy is more beneficial to improve the physiological state of Jersey cows on the Tibetan Plateau during the cold season when forages are in short supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niuniu Yuan
- Henan Agricultural University, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yicui Wang
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of pharmacy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qihao Pan
- Henan Agricultural University, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Institute of Animal Science, Lhasa, China
- State Key Labobatory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
| | - Xiao Qi
- National Animal Husbandry Service, Beijing, China
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
| | - Shihao Sun
- Henan Agricultural University, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Quji Suolang
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Institute of Animal Science, Lhasa, China
- State Key Labobatory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
| | - Luobu Ciren
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Institute of Animal Science, Lhasa, China
- State Key Labobatory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
| | - Luosang Danzeng
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Institute of Animal Science, Lhasa, China
- State Key Labobatory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
| | - Yanxin Liu
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of pharmacy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Henan Agricultural University, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tengyun Gao
- Henan Agricultural University, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhuza Basang
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Institute of Animal Science, Lhasa, China
- State Key Labobatory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
| | - Hongxia Lian
- Henan Agricultural University, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Henan Agricultural University, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Institute of Animal Science, Lhasa, China
- State Key Labobatory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
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Bock M, von Schacky C, Scherr J, Lorenz E, Lechner B, Krannich A, Wachter R, Duvinage A, Edelmann F, Lechner K. De Novo Lipogenesis-Related Monounsaturated Fatty Acids in the Blood Are Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in HFpEF Patients. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4938. [PMID: 37568339 PMCID: PMC10419368 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12154938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
De novo lipogenesis (DNL)-related monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) in the blood are associated with incident heart failure (HF). This observation's biological plausibility may be due to the potential of these MUFAs to induce proinflammatory pathways, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and insulin resistance, which are pathophysiologically relevant in HF. The associations of circulating MUFAs with cardiometabolic phenotypes in patients with heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are unknown. In this secondary analysis of the Aldosterone in Diastolic Heart Failure trial, circulating MUFAs were analysed in 404 patients using the HS-Omega-3-Index® methodology. Patients were 67 ± 8 years old, 53% female, NYHA II/III (87/13%). The ejection fraction was ≥50%, E/e' 7.1 ± 1.5, and the median NT-proBNP 158 ng/L (IQR 82-298). Associations of MUFAs with metabolic, functional, and echocardiographic patient characteristics at baseline/12 months follow-up (12 mFU) were analysed using Spearman's correlation coefficients and linear regression analyses, using sex/age as covariates. Circulating levels of C16:1n7 and C18:1n9 were positively associated with BMI/truncal adiposity and associated traits (dysglycemia, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and biomarkers suggestive of non-alcoholic-fatty liver disease). They were furthermore inversely associated with functional capacity at baseline/12 mFU. In contrast, higher levels of C20:1n9 and C24:1n9 were associated with lower cardiometabolic risk and higher exercise capacity at baseline/12 mFU. In patients with HFpEF, circulating levels of individual MUFAs were differentially associated with cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings speak against categorizing FA based on physicochemical properties. Circulating MUFAs may warrant further investigation as prognostic markers in HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Bock
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstraße 36, 80636 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Scherr
- University Center for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elke Lorenz
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstraße 36, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Lechner
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Rolf Wachter
- Clinic and Policlinic for Cardiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Georg-August University, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - André Duvinage
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Edelmann
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Lechner
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstraße 36, 80636 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
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7
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Fatty acids act on vascular endothelial cells and influence the development of cardiovascular disease. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 165:106704. [PMID: 36621562 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) maintain the health of blood vessels and prevent the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Free saturated fatty acids (FAs) induce EC damage and increase the risk of CVD by promoting arteriosclerosis. Conversely, polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs), such as docosahexaenoic acid, are thought to suppress EC damage induced during the early stages of CVD. This review describes the effects of multiple dietary FAs on EC disorders involved in the development of CVD. The roles of FAs in atherosclerosis and CVD were analyzed by evaluating articles published in PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science. Saturated FAs were found to induce EC damage by reducing the production and action of EC-derived nitric oxide. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and the renin-angiotensin system were found to be involved in EC disorder. Furthermore, n-3 PUFAs were found to reduce EC dysfunction and prevent the development of EC disorder. These results indicate that FAs may affect EC failure induced during the early stages of CVD and reduce the risk of developing the disease.
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8
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Maki KA, Ganesan SM, Meeks B, Farmer N, Kazmi N, Barb JJ, Joseph PV, Wallen GR. The role of the oral microbiome in smoking-related cardiovascular risk: a review of the literature exploring mechanisms and pathways. J Transl Med 2022; 20:584. [PMID: 36503487 PMCID: PMC9743777 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03785-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Oral health is associated with smoking and cardiovascular outcomes, but there are gaps in knowledge of many mechanisms connecting smoking to cardiovascular risk. Therefore, the aim of this review is to synthesize literature on smoking and the oral microbiome, and smoking and cardiovascular risk/disease, respectively. A secondary aim is to identify common associations between the oral microbiome and cardiovascular risk/disease to smoking, respectively, to identify potential shared oral microbiome-associated mechanisms. We identified several oral bacteria across varying studies that were associated with smoking. Atopobium, Gemella, Megasphaera, Mycoplasma, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Rothia, Treponema, and Veillonella were increased, while Bergeyella, Haemophilus, Lautropia, and Neisseria were decreased in the oral microbiome of smokers versus non-smokers. Several bacteria that were increased in the oral microbiome of smokers were also positively associated with cardiovascular outcomes including Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Treponema, and Veillonella. We review possible mechanisms that may link the oral microbiome to smoking and cardiovascular risk including inflammation, modulation of amino acids and lipids, and nitric oxide modulation. Our hope is this review will inform future research targeting the microbiome and smoking-related cardiovascular disease so possible microbial targets for cardiovascular risk reduction can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Maki
- grid.410305.30000 0001 2194 5650Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Sukirth M. Ganesan
- grid.214572.70000 0004 1936 8294Department of Periodontics, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, 801 Newton Rd., Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Brianna Meeks
- grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264University of Maryland, School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Nicole Farmer
- grid.410305.30000 0001 2194 5650Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Narjis Kazmi
- grid.410305.30000 0001 2194 5650Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Jennifer J. Barb
- grid.410305.30000 0001 2194 5650Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Paule V. Joseph
- grid.420085.b0000 0004 0481 4802National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA ,grid.280738.60000 0001 0035 9863National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Gwenyth R. Wallen
- grid.410305.30000 0001 2194 5650Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
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9
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Pisaniello AD, Alfaddagh A, Tibuakuu M, Whelton SP, Czarny MJ, Blaha MJ, Tsai MY, Budoff MJ, Shea S, Allison MA, Post WS. Association Between Omega-3 Fatty Acid Levels and Aortic Valve Calcium (from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). Am J Cardiol 2022; 184:104-110. [PMID: 36127180 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2022.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease, a condition of chronic inflammation, is associated with increased cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. Omega-3 fatty acids (O3FAs) reduce both acute and chronic inflammation, but their associations with aortic valve calcium (AVC) have not been studied. The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis is a prospective cohort study of 6,814 adults without clinical cardiovascular disease. Plasma fatty acid levels and cardiac computed tomography (CT) scans were performed at baseline, and CT scans were performed at subsequent clinical visits over a median 9-year period. We assessed whether plasma levels of O3FAs and their species correlate with the presence, severity, and progression of AVC measured by CT in Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. The mean age of the 6,510 included participants with baseline fatty acid levels, AVC, and covariate data was 62.1 ± 10.2 years, and 47.1% of the participants were male. Race distribution was 38.6% White, 27.2% Black, 22.1% Hispanic/Latino, and 12.1% Chinese. Among the 6,510 participants, 5,884 had a subsequent CT scan, and 3,304 had a third CT scan with AVC measurements. At baseline, 862 participants (13.2%) had prevalent AVC (Agatston score >0), and were more likely to be of older age, male, of the White race, have a lower education level, and have co-morbidities that are associated with a higher risk for AVC. Plasma tertiles of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and total O3FA were not associated with prevalent AVC at baseline, incident AVC, or change in AVC. In conclusion, plasma levels of O3FAs in subjects not routinely supplemented with O3FAs are not useful for predicting the presence or development of AVC. Whether high plasma O3FA levels, achievable by high-dose O3FA over-the-counter supplementation or pharmacotherapy, is associated with AVC requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D Pisaniello
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Abdulhamied Alfaddagh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Martin Tibuakuu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Seamus P Whelton
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Matthew J Czarny
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael J Blaha
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- Division of Medicine, Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, California
| | - Steven Shea
- Department of Medicine and, The University of California, San Diego, California; Department ofEpidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, The University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Wendy S Post
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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10
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Zhu Y, Vogelpohl FA, Heiner-Fokkema MR, Pranger IG, Minović I, Navis GJ, Bakker SJL, Riphagen IJ. Circulating de novo lipogenesis fatty acids and all-cause mortality in a prospective Dutch population cohort. J Clin Lipidol 2022; 16:658-666. [PMID: 35909048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating fatty acids (FA) from de novo lipogenesis (DNL) are associated with all-cause mortality in individuals with elevated CVD risk. However, compared to FA early in the DNL synthetic pathway, cis-vaccenic acid, one of the FA distal in the DNL synthetic pathway, has rarely been studied in a general population cohort. We hypothesized that circulating cis-vaccenic acid is more strongly related to all-cause mortality than other circulating DNL-related FA. OBJECTIVES The primary and secondary objectives of this study were to investigate the prospective associations of plasma levels of cis-vaccenic acid and other DNL-related FA with all-cause mortality in a general population, respectively. METHODS We included 850 participants (mean ± SD age 53 ± 15 years) from the Dutch Lifelines cohort study. Circulating levels of palmitic (C16:0), palmitoleic (C16:1n7), cis-vaccenic (cis-C18:1n7), stearic (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1n9) in plasma phospholipids (PL) and triglycerides (TG) were measured by gas chromatography. The associations of circulating cis-C18:1n7 and other DNL-related FA with all-cause mortality were assessed using Cox regression analyses. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 9.3 (IQR: 5.4-10.8) years, 34 (4.0%) participants had died. In plasma PL, a 1-SD increase in cis-C18:1n7 was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in univariate and multivariate models (p<0.02 for all), with a HR [95% CI] of 1.60 [1.13-2.25] after adjustment for age and sex. CONCLUSIONS Circulating plasma PL cis-C18:1n7 was associated with a higher risk for all-cause mortality. More studies are needed in different cohorts to verify and validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjie Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker).
| | - Fabian A Vogelpohl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker)
| | - M Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema
- Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Dr Heiner-Fokkema)
| | - Ilse G Pranger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker)
| | - Isidor Minović
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Dr Minović)
| | - Gerjan J Navis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker)
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker)
| | - Ineke J Riphagen
- Certe Medical Diagnostics and Advice, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands (Dr Riphagen)
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11
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Kuang G, Du Y, Lu S, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Fan X, Bilal M, Cui J, Jia S. Silica@lipase hybrid biocatalysts with superior activity by mimetic biomineralization in oil/water two-phase system for hydrolysis of soybean oil. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Zhuang P, Liu X, Li Y, Li H, Zhang L, Wan X, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Jiao J. Circulating Fatty Acids and Genetic Predisposition to Type 2 Diabetes: Gene-Nutrient Interaction Analysis. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:564-575. [PMID: 35089324 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-2048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship of circulating fatty acids (FA) with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and potential interactions with genetic risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 95,854 participants with complete data on plasma FA from the UK Biobank were enrolled between 2006 and 2010 and were followed up to the end of 2020. Plasma concentrations of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were analyzed by a high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance-based biomarker profiling platform. The genetic risk scores (GRS) were calculated on the basis of 424 variants associated with T2D. Pathway-specific GRS were calculated based on robust clusters of T2D loci. RESULTS There were 3,052 instances of T2D documented after an average follow-up of 11.6 years. Plasma concentrations of SFA and MUFA were positively associated with T2D risk, while plasma PUFA were inversely associated. After adjustment for major risk factors, hazard ratios (95% CI) of T2D for 1-SD increment were 1.03 (1.02-1.04) for SFA, 1.03 (1.02-1.05) for MUFA, 0.62 (0.56-0.68) for PUFA, 0.67 (0.61-0.73) for n-6 PUFA, 0.90 (0.85-0.95) for n-3 PUFA, and 1.01 (0.98-1.04) for n-6-to-n-3 ratio. Plasma MUFA had significant interactions with the overall GRS and GRS for proinsulin and liver/lipid clusters on T2D risk. The protective associations of n-3 PUFA with T2D risk were weaker among individuals with higher obesity GRS (P interaction = 0.040) and liver/lipid GRS (P interaction = 0.012). Additionally, increased plasma n-3 PUFA concentration was associated with more reductions in T2D risk among participants carrying more docosapentaenoic acid-associated alleles (P interaction = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Plasma concentrations of SFA and MUFA were associated with a higher T2D risk, whereas plasma PUFA and n-6 and n-3 PUFA were related to a lower risk. Circulating MUFA and n-3 PUFA had significant interactions with genetic predisposition to T2D and FA-associated variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhuang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lange Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuzhi Wan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Wang H, Chen S, Han Z, Li T, Ma J, Chen X, Pang J, Wang Q, Shen Q, Zhang M. Screening of Phospholipids in Plasma of Large-Artery Atherosclerotic and Cardioembolic Stroke Patients With Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:794057. [PMID: 35127828 PMCID: PMC8812958 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.794057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a deadly and debilitating disease with a high incidence and recurrence rate in elderly people worldwide. Large-artery atherosclerotic (LAA) and cardioembolic (CE) stroke are two leading subtypes and require different management. As a complementary biochemistry method for current diagnostic techniques, a sensitive and accurate phospholipid (PL) targeted lipidomic method was developed in this study. Plasma PLs were selectively extracted with titanium dioxide/fibrous silica nanosphere material, then characterized and quantified with hydrophilic interaction chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 31 molecular species of PLs were determined and ten biomarkers including seven molecular species of sphingomyelins (SM d18:1/18:1, d18:1/18:0, d18:1/24:1, d18:1/16:1, d18:1/22:1, d18:1/24:2, and d18:1/16:0) and three molecular species of phosphatidylcholines (16:0/18:1, 16:0/18:2 and 16:0/22:6) showed significant differences in LAA, CE, and healthy control (HC) groups. The independent diagnostic capabilities of these PL biomarkers were successfully evaluated and validated with receiver operating characteristic curves. Additionally, the oleic acid-enriched SMs, which can result in atherogenic lipoprotein aggregation, were proved to be positively related to IS and may perform as the potential risk factors in the future. Meanwhile, valuable suggestions for dietary interventions as an essential source of endogenous PLs could be obtained from this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixing Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Siyan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhao Han
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ting Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Clinical Research Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Pang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingcheng Wang
- Hangzhou Linping Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Shen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Shen, ; Manman Zhang, ,
| | - Manman Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Shen, ; Manman Zhang, ,
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14
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Oleic acid promotes atherosclerosis via multiple pathophysiological mechanisms. JOURNAL OF BIO-X RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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15
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Reilly NA, Lutgens E, Kuiper J, Heijmans BT, Jukema JW. Effects of fatty acids on T cell function: role in atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021; 18:824-837. [PMID: 34253911 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00582-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
T cells are among the most common cell types present in atherosclerotic plaques and are increasingly being recognized as a central mediator in atherosclerosis development and progression. At the same time, triglycerides and fatty acids have re-emerged as crucial risk factors for atherosclerosis. Triglycerides and fatty acids are important components of the milieu to which the T cell is exposed from the circulation to the plaque, and increasing evidence shows that fatty acids influence T cell function. In this Review, we discuss the effects of fatty acids on four components of the T cell response - metabolism, activation, proliferation and polarization - and the influence of these changes on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We also discuss how quiescent T cells can undergo a type of metabolic reprogramming induced by exposure to fatty acids in the circulation that influences the subsequent functions of T cells after activation, such as in atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie A Reilly
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Johan Kuiper
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan T Heijmans
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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16
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Ma Y, Li D, Liu W, Liu X, Xu Y, Zhong X, Zhi F, Jia X, Jiang Y, Fan Y. Resveratrol on the Metabolic Reprogramming in Liver: Implications for Advanced Atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:747625. [PMID: 34658884 PMCID: PMC8517429 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.747625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the major leading causes of death globally, which is highly correlated with metabolic abnormalities. Resveratrol (REV) exerts beneficial effects on atherosclerosis. Our aim is to clarify the involvement of liver metabolic reprogramming and the atheroprotective effects of REV. Methods: ApoE-deficient mice were administered with normal diet (N), high-fat diet (H), or HFD with REV (HR). Twenty-four weeks after treatment, Oil Red O staining was used to assess the severity of AS. Non-targeted metabolomics was employed to obtain metabolic signatures of the liver from different groups. Results: High-fat diet–induced AS was alleviated by REV, with less lipid accumulation in the lesions. The metabolic profiles of liver tissues from N, H, and HR groups were analyzed. A total of 1,146 and 765 differentially expressed features were identified between N and H groups, and H and HR groups, respectively. KEGG enrichment analysis uncovered several metabolism-related pathways, which are potential pathogenesis mechanisms and therapeutic targets including “primary bile acid biosynthesis,” “phenylalanine metabolism,” and “glycerophospholipid metabolism.” We further conducted trend analysis using 555 metabolites with one-way ANOVA, where p < 0.05 and PLS-DA VIP >1. We found that REV could reverse the detrimental effect of high-fat diet–induced atherosclerosis. These metabolites were enriched in pathways including “biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids” and “intestinal immune network for IgA production.” The metabolites involved in these pathways could be the potential biomarkers for AS-related liver metabolic reprogramming and the mechanism of REV treatment. Conclusions: REV exerted atheroprotective effects partially by modulating the liver metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | | | - Wenfeng Liu
- Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | | | - Yingqi Xu
- Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | | | - Fengnan Zhi
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine- Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueling Jia
- Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine- Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yuhua Fan
- Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
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17
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Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Induces Cardiac Dysfunction with Cardiac Lipid Overload and Angiotensin II AT1 Receptor Protein Up-Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189883. [PMID: 34576047 PMCID: PMC8472087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a major cause of death worldwide with insufficient treatment options. In the search for pathomechanisms, we found up-regulation of an enzyme, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1), in different experimental models of heart failure induced by advanced atherosclerosis, chronic pressure overload, and/or volume overload. Because the pathophysiological role of Scd1/SCD in heart failure is not clear, we investigated the impact of cardiac SCD upregulation through the generation of C57BL/6-Tg(MHCSCD)Sjaa mice with myocardium-specific expression of SCD. Echocardiographic examination showed that 4.9-fold-increased SCD levels triggered cardiac hypertrophy and symptoms of heart failure at an age of eight months. Tg-SCD mice had a significantly reduced left ventricular cardiac ejection fraction of 25.7 ± 2.9% compared to 54.3 ± 4.5% of non-transgenic B6 control mice. Whole-genome gene expression profiling identified up-regulated heart-failure-related genes such as resistin, adiponectin, and fatty acid synthase, and type 1 and 3 collagens. Tg-SCD mice were characterized by cardiac lipid accumulation with 1.6- and 1.7-fold-increased cardiac contents of saturated lipids, palmitate, and stearate, respectively. In contrast, unsaturated lipids were not changed. Together with saturated lipids, apoptosis-enhancing p53 protein contents were elevated. Imaging by autoradiography revealed that the heart-failure-promoting and membrane-spanning angiotensin II AT1 receptor protein of Tg-SCD hearts was significantly up-regulated. In transfected HEK cells, the expression of SCD increased the number of cell-surface angiotensin II AT1 receptor binding sites. In addition, increased AT1 receptor protein levels were detected by fluorescence spectroscopy of fluorescent protein-labeled AT1 receptor-Cerulean. Taken together, we found that SCD promotes cardiac dysfunction with overload of cardiotoxic saturated lipids and up-regulation of the heart-failure-promoting AT1 receptor protein.
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18
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Donis N, Jiang Z, D'Emal C, Dulgheru R, Giera M, Blomberg N, Delvenne P, Nchimi A, Lancellotti P, Oury C. Regular Dietary Intake of Palmitate Causes Vascular and Valvular Calcification in a Rabbit Model. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:692184. [PMID: 34250045 PMCID: PMC8261064 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.692184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: Palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA) are two main dietary fatty acids. Dietary intake of PA has been associated with cardiovascular disease risk, and the effect of OA remains uncertain. Our study aimed to assess the effect of a short-term intake of lard, as source of PA and OA, on aorta and aortic valve. Methods and Results: Rabbits were fed with two lard-enriched diets, containing either elevated levels of PA or of both PA and OA as compared to chow diet. After 16 weeks of each diet, calcification was observed in the aortic intima and in the aortic valve. The extent of calcification did not differ between the two diets. In contrast, rabbits fed chow diet did not develop any calcification. In blood, PA enrichment resulted in decreased lymphocyte and monocyte counts and increased levels of hemoglobin and haematocrit. Levels of the calcification inhibitor fetuin-A were also diminished, whereas creatinine levels were raised. Of note, none of the diets changed cholesterol levels in LDL or HDL. Comprehensive quantitative lipidomics analysis identified diet-related changes in plasma lipids. Dietary PA enrichment led to a drop of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), in particular of linoleic acid in cholesteryl esters, triglycerides and diacylglycerols (DAG). Ratios of PA to 18-carbon PUFA in DAG were positively correlated with the extent of aortic valve calcification, and inversely with monocyte counts. PA content in blood correlated with aorta calcification. Conclusions: Regular dietary PA intake induces vascular and valvular calcification independently of traditional risk factors. Our findings raise awareness about PA-rich food consumption and its potential deleterious effect on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Donis
- Laboratory of Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, GIGA Institute, CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Zheshen Jiang
- Laboratory of Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, GIGA Institute, CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Céline D'Emal
- Laboratory of Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, GIGA Institute, CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Raluca Dulgheru
- Laboratory of Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, GIGA Institute, CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Niek Blomberg
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Philippe Delvenne
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) University Hospital, Liège University, Liège, Belgium.,Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Géno-protéomique Appliquée (GIGA) Institute, Liege University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alain Nchimi
- Laboratory of Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, GIGA Institute, CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Patrizio Lancellotti
- Laboratory of Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, GIGA Institute, CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Gruppo Villa Maria Care and Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, Italy.,Anthea Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Cécile Oury
- Laboratory of Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, GIGA Institute, CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Pescador-Tapia A, Silva-Martínez GA, Fragoso-Bargas N, Rodríguez-Ríos D, Esteller M, Moran S, Zaina S, Lund G. Distinct Associations of BMI and Fatty Acids With DNA Methylation in Fasting and Postprandial States in Men. Front Genet 2021; 12:665769. [PMID: 34025721 PMCID: PMC8138173 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.665769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that blood global DNA methylation (DNAm) differs between postprandial state (PS) and fasting state (FS) and is associated with BMI and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (negatively and positively, respectively) in 12 metabolically healthy adult Mexican men (AMM cohort) equally distributed among conventional BMI classes. Here, we detailed those associations at CpG dinucleotide level by exploiting the Infinium methylation EPIC array (Illumina). We sought differentially methylated CpG (dmCpG) that were (1) associated with BMI (BMI-dmCpG) and/or fatty acids (FA) (FA-dmCpG) in FS or PS and (2) different across FS and PS within a BMI class. BMI-dmCpG and FA-dmCpG were more numerous in FS compared to PS and largely prandial state-specific. For saturated and monounsaturated FA, dmCpG overlap was higher across than within the respective saturation group. Several BMI- and FA-dmCpG mapped to genes involved in metabolic disease and in some cases matched published experimental data sets. Notably, SETDB1 and MTHFS promoter dmCpG could explain the previously observed associations between global DNAm, PUFA content, and BMI in FS. Surprisingly, overlap between BMI-dmCpG and FA-dmCpG was limited and the respective dmCpG were differentially distributed across functional genomic elements. BMI-dmCpG showed the highest overlap with dmCpG of the saturated FA palmitate, monounsaturated C20:1 and PUFA C20:2. Of these, selected promoter BMI-dmCpG showed opposite associations with palmitate compared to C20:1 and C20:2. As for the comparison between FS and PS within BMI classes, dmCpG were strikingly more abundant and variably methylated in overweight relative to normoweight or obese subjects (∼70–139-fold, respectively). Overweight-associated dmCpG-hosting genes were significantly enriched in targets for E47, SREBP1, and RREB1 transcription factors, which are known players in obesity and lipid homeostasis, but none overlapped with BMI-dmCpG. We show for the first time that the association of BMI and FA with methylation of disease-related genes is distinct in FS and PS and that limited overlap exists between BMI- and FA-dmCpG within and across prandial states. Our study also identifies a transcriptional regulation circuitry in overweight that might contribute to adaptation to that condition or to transition to obesity. Further work is necessary to define the pathophysiological implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillermo A Silva-Martínez
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, Irapuato, Mexico.,Celaya Technological Institute, Celaya, Mexico
| | | | | | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Silvio Zaina
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico
| | - Gertrud Lund
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, Irapuato, Mexico
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20
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Steffen BT, Guan W, Ding J, Nomura SO, Weir NL, Tsai MY. Plasma omega-3 and saturated fatty acids are differentially related to pericardial adipose tissue volume across race/ethnicity: the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021; 75:1237-1244. [PMID: 33398103 PMCID: PMC8254815 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00833-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) is a cardiometabolic risk factor influenced by race/ethnicity, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction. Omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) and saturated FAs (SFAs) are known to affect these latter phenomena and may influence PAT accumulation. We aimed to determine whether plasma levels of these FAs are related to PAT volume and its rate of change over a median 3-year follow-up. METHODS: Cardiac computed tomography assessed PAT in 6,785 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants. Gas chromatography flame-ionization estimated plasma phospholipid fatty acids. Regression analyses estimated associations of FAs with PAT volume and its rate of change with adjustments for other risk factors. Race-interactions were tested. RESULTS: In cross-section, top tertiles of omega-3 FAs and odd-chained SFAs were associated with 2.8 and 4.93 cm3 lower PAT volumes, respectively; race/ethnicity was a significant modifying variable (p<0.002). Even-chained SFAs were associated with 3.5 cm3 greater PAT volume. With stratification by race/ethnicity, Chinese Americans in the top tertile of omega-3 FAs showed 10.5 cm3 greater PAT volume than those in the referent tertile. Black individuals in the top tertile of odd-chained SFAs showed 5.0 cm3 lower PAT compared to referents. Black and Chinese Americans in top tertiles of even-chained SFAs showed respective 3.7 and 5.9 cm3 greater PAT volumes compared to referents. Two associations were observed in prospective analyses among Caucasians; race interactions were non-significant. CONCLUSIONS: Cross-sectional and prospective findings provide inconclusive evidence as to whether plasma FAs are related to PAT in healthy individuals. Cohort studies with longer follow-up periods are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Steffen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Department of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sarah O Nomura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Natalie L Weir
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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21
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Functionally Relevant Differences in Plasma Fatty Acid Composition and Expression of Cytotoxic and Inhibitory NK Cell Receptors between Healthy Young and Healthy Elder Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123641. [PMID: 33256224 PMCID: PMC7759996 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: In the healthy ageing, NK cell number is not modified; however, their spontaneous cytotoxicity decreases. We postulated that the age-dependent decline in metabolic activities might be responsible for this effect. (2) Methods: The fatty acid profile of 30 healthy young males (23 ± 4 years old, BMI 22.1 ± 1.3) and 30 older males (63 ± 5 years old, BMI 22.9 ± 2.5) donors were evaluated along with the expression of killing (KR) and inhibitory NK receptors (KIR) at basal level and after cultivation with fatty acids for 24 h. (3) Results: Significantly higher levels of oleic (p < 0.01), arachidonic (p < 0.001), lignoceric (p < 0.001), and nervonic acids (p < 0.0001) and significantly lower levels of docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (p < 0.01) were found in elders as compared to young adults. At basal levels, significant (p < 0.005) differences in KR and KIR expression were encountered; 12/16 antigens. Treatment of cells with saturated fatty acids or arachidonic acid (AA) significantly enhanced KR expressions (p < 0.001). AA treatment decreased inhibitory KIR expression while docosahexaenoic, and eicosapentaenoic acid increased them. (4) Conclusions: Changes in fatty acids blood levels, and KR and KIR expression in NK cell, are age-dependent. Supplementation of NK cells with eicosapentaenoic or docosahexaenoic acid enhanced inhibitory KIR receptors’ expression which may improve their cell function.
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22
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Mazidi M, Katsiki N, Shekoohi N, Banach M. Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Levels May Not Affect Cardiovascular Events: Results From a Mendelian Randomization Analysis. Front Nutr 2020; 7:123. [PMID: 32984395 PMCID: PMC7492609 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim: Several observational studies evaluated the links between serum monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and cardiovascular events with controversial results. In the present study, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was applied to obtain unconfounded estimates of the causal associations of genetically determined serum MUFAs with coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), cardioembolic stroke (CS), and ischemic stroke (IS). Methods: Four MUFAs were studied (i.e., 10-heptadecenoate, myristoleic, oleic, and palmitoleic acid). Data from the largest genome-wide association studies on MUFAs, CHD, MI, and stroke were analyzed. Inverse variance weighted method (IVW), weighted median (WM)-based method, MR-Egger, as well as MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier were applied. To rule out the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), the leave-one-out method was also performed. Results: Genetically higher-serum 10-heptadecenoate levels did not affect the risk of CHD (IVW = Beta: −0.304, p = 0.185), MI (IVW = Beta: −0.505, p = 0.066), CS (IVW = Beta: −0.056, p = 0.945), and IS (IVW = Beta: −0.121, p = 0.767). Similarly, no significant associations were observed for myristoleic acid (CHD: IVW = Beta: 0.008; MI: IVW = Beta: 0.041; CS: IVW = Beta: 0.881; IS: IVW = Beta: 0.162), oleic acid (CHD: IVW = Beta: −0.2417; MI: IVW = Beta: −0.119; CS: IVW = Beta: 1.059; IS: IVW = Beta: 0.008491), and palmitoleic acid (CHD: IVW = Beta: −0.06957; MI: IVW = Beta: −0.01255; CS: IVW = Beta: 1.042; IS: IVW = Beta: −0.1862). A low likelihood of heterogeneity and pleiotropy was reported, and the observed associations were not driven by single SNPs. Conclusions: In the present MR analysis, serum MUFA levels were not associated with the risk of CHD, MI, CS, and IS. Further research, evaluating more MUFAs, is required to elucidate the links between MUFAs and CVD to contribute to health policy decisions in reducing CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mazidi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Niloofar Shekoohi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Łódz, Poland.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Łódz, Poland.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
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23
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Sun L, Zong G, Li H, Lin X. Fatty acids and cardiometabolic health: a review of studies in Chinese populations. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 75:253-266. [PMID: 32801302 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00709-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Rapid nutrition transition from plant-based traditional diet to westernized diet has led to dramatically heightening burdens of cardiometabolic diseases in China in past decades. Recently, national surveys reported that poor dietary quality including low marine n-3 fatty acids and high intakes of red meat and processed meat was associated with considerably elevated cardiometabolic deaths. Previous studies mainly from Western population-based cohorts have indicated that not only fat quantity but also quality linked with different cardiometabolic outcomes. Compared with Western peoples, Asian peoples, including Chinese, are known to have different dietary patterns and lifestyle, as well as genetic heterogeneities, which may modify fatty acid metabolism and disease susceptibility in certain degree. To date, there were limited prospective studies investigating the relationships between fatty acids and cardiometabolic disease outcomes in Chinese, and most existing studies were cross-sectional nature and within one or two region(s). Notably, shifting dietary patterns could change not only amount, types, and ratio of fatty acids accounting for overall energy intake, but also their food sources and ratio to other macronutrients. Moreover, large geographic and urban-rural variations in prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases among Chinese may also reflect the effects of socioeconomic development and local diets on health status. Therefore, current review will summarize available literatures with more focus on the Chinese-based studies which may extend current knowledge about the roles of fatty acids in pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases for Asian populations and also provide useful information for trans-ethnic comparisons with other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Geng Zong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Huaixing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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24
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Lipoxins, RevD1 and 9, 13 HODE as the most important derivatives after an early incident of ischemic stroke. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12849. [PMID: 32732956 PMCID: PMC7393087 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69831-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is limited information available regarding the association of plasma free fatty acids (FFA) and inflammation mediators with ischemic stroke. At the same time, new treatment strategies are being pursued. The aim of this study was to carry out a thorough analysis of inflammation with multiple FFA-derivative mediators after and ischemic stroke and standard treatment. HPLC separations of 17 eicosanoids were performed using an Agilent Technologies 1,260 liquid chromatograph. The profiles of the esters of fatty acids were labelled by means of gas chromatography. FFA, and eicosanoid profiles in the group of patients after ischemic stroke significantly differed from the profile of the control group. Studies confirmed the involvement of derivative synthesis pathways responsible for the inflammation, especially palmitic acid (9 and 13 HODE), arachidonic acid, EPA and DHA. Arachidonic acid derivatives were synthesised on 5LOX, 15 LOX and COX pathways with the participation of prostaglandins while omega 3 derivatives strengthened the synthesis of resolvins, RevD1 in particular. The ability to accelerate the quenching of inflammation after ischemic stroke seems to be a promising strategy of stroke treatment in its early stage. In this context, our study points to lipoxins, RevD1, and 9, 13 HODE as the most important derivatives.
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25
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Vahmani P, Ponnampalam EN, Kraft J, Mapiye C, Bermingham EN, Watkins PJ, Proctor SD, Dugan MER. Bioactivity and health effects of ruminant meat lipids. Invited Review. Meat Sci 2020; 165:108114. [PMID: 32272342 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ruminant meat (RM) is an excellent source of high-quality protein, B vitamins and trace minerals and plays an important role in global food and nutrition security. However, nutritional guidelines commonly recommend reduced intake of RM mainly because of its high saturated fatty acid (SFA) content, and more recently because of its perceived negative environmental impacts. RM is, however, rich in heart healthy cis-monounsaturated fatty acids and can be an important source of long-chain omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids in populations with low fish consumption. In addition, RM is a source of bioactive phospholipids, as well as rumen-derived bioactive fatty acids including branched-chain, vaccenic and rumenic acids, which have been associated with several health benefits. However, the role of bioactive RM lipids in maintaining and improving consumers' health have been generally ignored in nutritional guidelines. The present review examines RM lipids in relation to human health, and evaluates the effectiveness of different feeding strategies and possibilities for future profile and content improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Vahmani
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 2201 Meyer Hall, Davis, California 95616, United States.
| | - Eric N Ponnampalam
- Animal Production Sciences, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | - Jana Kraft
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
| | - Cletos Mapiye
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
| | | | - Peter J Watkins
- Commonwealth Scientific Industry Research Organisation, 671 Sneydes Road, Werribees, VIC 3030, Australia.
| | - Spencer D Proctor
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Michael E R Dugan
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta T4L 1W1, Canada.
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26
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Li Q, Zhou J, Zhang D, Zhang X, Xu Z, Wu D. Metabolic Profiling Reveals an Abnormal Pattern of Serum Fatty Acids in MRL/lpr Mice Under Treatment With Prednisone. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:115. [PMID: 32158392 PMCID: PMC7052041 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are commonly used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Unfortunately, excessive GCs can induce many side effects associated with disordered fatty acid (FA) metabolism. Although an increased level of total FA has been found after GCs treatment, it is not clear whether all FA species increased or only certain FA species were altered. A gas chromatography–mass spectrometry-based FA profiling approach was performed to reveal the alterations of FA species in SLE model mice (MRL/lpr) after treatment with 5 mg/kg of prednisone. The study showed a distinct FA profile in MRL/lpr mice compared to the controls, mainly manifested by elevated polyunsaturated FAs (arachidonate, docosahexaenoate, etc.), which are related to the inflammatory state; and altered (product FA/precursor FA) ratios representing the estimated activities of FA desaturase and elongase (higher activities of multiple elongases, △4 desaturase, △5 desaturase, △6 desaturase, and lower activity of △8 desaturase). Treatment with 5 mg/kg of prednisone decreased the total level of n-6 polyunsaturated FA in MRL/lpr mice; in particular, the level of arachidonate and estimated activity of △5 desaturase were reduced to the control level. Moreover, prednisone induced additional perturbations in FAs, including not only saturated FAs, but also monounsaturated FAs and n-3 polyunsaturated FAs, indicating that there was a strong effect of prednisone on FA metabolism. These results may be valuable for further studies of the side effects of GCs treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dingyi Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiafeng Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenghao Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dehong Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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27
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A Systems Pharmacology Approach for Identifying the Multiple Mechanisms of Action for the Rougui-Fuzi Herb Pair in the Treatment of Cardiocerebral Vascular Diseases. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:5196302. [PMID: 32025235 PMCID: PMC6982690 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5196302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiocerebral vascular diseases (CCVDs) are the main reasons for high morbidity and mortality all over the world, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, and so on. Chinese herbs pair of the Cinnamomum cassia Presl (Chinese name, rougui) and the Aconitum carmichaelii Debx (Chinese name, fuzi) can be effective in CCVDs, which is recorded in the ancient classic book Shennong Bencao Jing, Mingyibielu and Thousand Golden Prescriptions. However, the active ingredients and the molecular mechanisms of rougui-fuzi in treatment of CCVDs are still unclear. This study was designed to apply a system pharmacology approach to reveal the molecular mechanisms of the rougui-fuzi anti-CCVDs. The 163 candidate compounds were retrieved from Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). And 84 potential active compounds and the corresponding 42 targets were obtained from systematic model. The underlying mechanisms of the therapeutic effect for rougui-fuzi were investigated with gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Then, component-target-disease (C-T-D) and target-pathway (T-P) networks were constructed to further dissect the core pathways, potential targets, and active compounds in treatment of CCVDs for rougui-fuzi. We also constituted protein-protein in interaction (PPI) network by the reflect target protein of the crucial pathways against CCVDs. As a result, 21 key compounds, 8 key targets, and 3 key pathways were obtained for rougui-fuzi. Afterwards, molecular docking was performed to validate the reliability of the interactions between some compounds and their corresponding targets. Finally, UPLC-Q-Exactive-MSE and GC-MS/MS were analyzed to detect the active ingredients of rougui-fuzi. Our results may provide a new approach to clarify the molecular mechanisms of Chinese herb pair in treatment with CCVDs at a systematic level.
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28
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Lai HTM, de Oliveira Otto MC, Lee Y, Wu JHY, Song X, King IB, Psaty BM, Lemaitre RN, McKnight B, Siscovick DS, Mozaffarian D. Serial Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids in the De Novo Lipogenesis Pathway and Total Mortality, Cause-Specific Mortality, and Cardiovascular Diseases in the Cardiovascular Health Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e012881. [PMID: 31711385 PMCID: PMC6915264 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.012881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Synthesized fatty acids (FAs) from de novo lipogenesis may affect cardiometabolic health, but longitudinal associations between serially measured de novo lipogenesis-related fatty acid biomarkers and mortality or cardiovascular disease (CVD) are not well established. Methods and Results We investigated longitudinal associations between de novo lipogenesis-related fatty acids with all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and incident CVD among 3869 older US adults, mean (SD) age 75 (5) years and free of prevalent CVD at baseline. Levels of plasma phospholipid palmitic (16:0), palmitoleic (16:1n-7), stearic (18:0), oleic acid (18:1n-9), and other risk factors were serially measured at baseline, 6 years, and 13 years. All-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and incident fatal and nonfatal CVD were centrally adjudicated. Risk was assessed in multivariable-adjusted Cox models with time-varying FAs and covariates. During 13 years, median follow-up (maximum 22.4 years), participants experienced 3227 deaths (1131 CVD, 2096 non-CVD) and 1753 incident CVD events. After multivariable adjustment, higher cumulative levels of 16:0, 16:1n-7, and 18:1n-9 were associated with higher all-cause mortality, with extreme-quintile hazard ratios (95% CIs) of 1.35 (1.17-1.56), 1.40 (1.21-1.62), and 1.56 (1.35-1.80), respectively, whereas higher levels of 18:0 were associated with lower mortality (hazard ratio=0.76; 95% CI=0.66-0.88). Associations were generally similar for CVD mortality versus non-CVD mortality, as well as total incident CVD. Changes in levels of 16:0 were positively, and 18:0 inversely, associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio=1.23, 95% CI=1.08-1.41; and hazard ratio=0.78, 95% CI=0.68-0.90). Conclusions Higher long-term levels of 16:0, 16:1n-7, and 18:1n-9 and changes in 16:0 were positively, whereas long-term levels and changes in 18:0 were inversely, associated with all-cause mortality in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi T M Lai
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts University Boston MA
| | - Marcia C de Oliveira Otto
- Department of Epidemiology Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston TX
| | - Yujin Lee
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts University Boston MA
| | - Jason H Y Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health Faculty of Medicine University of New South Wales Newtown NSW Australia
| | | | - Irena B King
- Department of Internal Medicine University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services University of Washington Seattle WA.,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute Seattle WA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA
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29
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Bazal P, Gea A, de la Fuente-Arrillaga C, Barrio-López MT, Martinez-González MA, Ruiz-Canela M. Olive oil intake and risk of atrial fibrillation in the SUN cohort. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:450-457. [PMID: 30948307 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A Mediterranean-type diet enriched with extra virgin olive oil has been associated with a reduction in the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in a population at high cardiovascular risk. However, no study has replicated these findings. In our study, we analyzed the association between olive oil consumption and AF in the SUN project, a cohort with young Spanish adults at low cardiovascular risk. METHODS AND RESULTS We included all participants without prevalent AF at baseline (18,118 participants). Incident AF cases were confirmed by a cardiologist following a prespecified protocol. We used multivariable repeated-measurement Cox models adjusted for possible confounders (sex, age, BMI, and several classic cardiovascular risk factors). After a mean follow-up of 10.1 years, 94 AF incident cases were confirmed. Comparing to the lowest category of consumption (<7.9 g/d), the multivariable models showed hazard ratios (IC 95%) of 1.52 (0.93-2.48) for low-to-moderate, 1.44 (0.83-2.47) for moderate-to-high and 1.27 (0.56-2.86) for high olive oil intake. In a subgroup analysis stratified by overweight, an inverse although non-significant association was found only among overweight participants when we compared the highest vs the lowest category of consumption (p for interaction = 0.043). CONCLUSION No association between olive oil and AF was found in this low-risk cohort, although the effect of extra-virgin olive oil on AF prevention especially among people with overweight deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bazal
- Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - A Gea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - C de la Fuente-Arrillaga
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - M T Barrio-López
- Electrophysiology Laboratory and Arrhythmia Unit, Hospital Monteprincipe, Grupo HM Hospitales, University CEU-San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Martinez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - M Ruiz-Canela
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
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30
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Koba S, Takao T, Shimizu F, Ogawa M, Ishii Y, Yokota Y, Furuyama F, Tsunoda F, Shoji M, Harris WS, Takada A. Comparison of plasma levels of different species of trans fatty acids in Japanese male patients with acute coronary syndrome versus healthy men. Atherosclerosis 2019; 284:173-180. [PMID: 30921600 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS It remains unclear how trans fatty acid (TFA) at low-level intake affect lipid levels and the development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The study aimed to investigate how plasma TFA composition differs between male patients with ACS and healthy men. METHODS Plasma fatty acid (FA) composition (as determined by gas chromatography) was analyzed in ACS patients on hospital admission and compared to that of age-adjusted healthy men. RESULTS Total FA and TFA levels were similar between ACS and control subjects. Palmitelaidic acid, ruminant-derived TFA (R-TFA), levels were lower in ACS patients (0.17 ± 0.06 vs. 0.20 ± 0.06 of total FA, in ACS and control, respectively, p<0.01), and were significantly directly associated with HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) (rho = 0.269) and n-3 polyunsaturated FA (n-3 PUFA) (rho = 0.442). Linoleic trans isomers (total C18:2 TFA), primary industrially-produced TFA (IP-TFAs), were significantly higher in ACS patients (0.68 ± 0.17 vs. 0.60 ± 0.20 of total FA, in ACS and control, respectively). Total trans-C18:1 isomers were comparable between ACS and control. Differences between ACS and controls in C18:1 trans varied by specific C18:1 trans species. Absolute concentrations of trans-C18:2 isomers were significantly directly associated with LDL-C and non-HDL-C in ACS men. The ACS patients showed significantly lower levels of both n-6 and n-3 PUFA (i.e., eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids). CONCLUSIONS There were several case-control differences in specific TFA that could potential affect risk for ACS. Japanese ACS patients, especially middle-aged patients, may consume less R-TFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Koba
- The Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Takao
- Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Showa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiko Shimizu
- Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Showa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ogawa
- Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Showa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukie Ishii
- Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Showa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuuya Yokota
- The Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Furuyama
- The Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiyoshi Tsunoda
- The Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Shoji
- The Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - William S Harris
- Department of Medicine, University of South Dakota School of Medicine and Omegaquant LLC, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Akikazu Takada
- The International Projects on Food and Health (NPO), Tokyo, Japan
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31
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Guyton JR. From the editor: Lessons from the East. J Clin Lipidol 2018; 12:1331-1332. [PMID: 30527800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John R Guyton
- Professor of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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