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Niu X, Utayde MF, Sanders KEG, Cunningham TJ, Zhang G, Kensinger EA, Payne JD. The effects of shared, depression-specific, and anxiety-specific internalizing symptoms on negative and neutral episodic memories following post-learning sleep. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2024:10.3758/s13415-024-01209-5. [PMID: 39138784 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-024-01209-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Emotional memory bias is a common characteristic of internalizing symptomatology and is enhanced during sleep. The current study employs bifactor S-1 modeling to disentangle depression-specific anhedonia, anxiety-specific anxious arousal, and the common internalizing factor, general distress, and test whether these internalizing symptoms interact with sleep to influence memory for emotional and neutral information. Healthy adults (N = 281) encoded scenes featuring either negative objects (e.g., a vicious looking snake) or neutral objects (e.g., a chipmunk) placed on neutral backgrounds (e.g., an outdoor scene). After a 12-hour period of daytime wakefulness (n = 140) or nocturnal sleep (n = 141), participants judged whether objects and backgrounds were the same, similar, or new compared with what they viewed during encoding. Participants also completed the mini version of the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire. Higher anxious arousal predicted worse memory across all stimuli features, but only after a day spent being awake-not following a night of sleep. No significant effects were found for general distress and anhedonia in either the sleep or wake condition. In this study, internalizing symptoms were not associated with enhanced emotional memory. Instead, memory performance specifically in individuals with higher anxious arousal was impaired overall, regardless of emotional valence, but this was only the case when the retention interval spanned wakefulness (i.e., not when it spanned sleep). This suggests that sleep may confer a protective effect on general memory impairments associated with anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Niu
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, E466 Corbett Family Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Mia F Utayde
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, E466 Corbett Family Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Kristin E G Sanders
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, E466 Corbett Family Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Tony J Cunningham
- The Center for Sleep & Cognition, Harvard Medical School & Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guangjian Zhang
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, E466 Corbett Family Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | | | - Jessica D Payne
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, E466 Corbett Family Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
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2
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Liu X, Read SJ. Development of a multivariate prediction model for antidepressant resistant depression using reward-related predictors. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1349576. [PMID: 38590792 PMCID: PMC10999634 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1349576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Individuals with depression who do not respond to two or more courses of serotonergic antidepressants tend to have greater deficits in reward processing and greater internalizing symptoms, yet there is no validated self-report method to determine the likelihood of treatment resistance based on these symptom dimensions. Methods This online case-control study leverages machine learning techniques to identify differences in self-reported anhedonia and internalizing symptom profiles of antidepressant non-responders compared to responders and healthy controls, as an initial proof-of-concept for relating these indicators to medication responsiveness. Random forest classifiers were used to identify a subset from a set of 24 reward predictors that distinguished among serotonergic medication resistant, non-resistant, and non-depressed individuals recruited online (N = 393). Feature selection was implemented to refine model prediction and improve interpretability. Results Accuracies for full predictor models ranged from .54 to .71, while feature selected models retained 3-5 predictors and generated accuracies of .42 to .70. Several models performed significantly above chance. Sensitivity for non-responders was greatest after feature selection when compared to only responders, reaching .82 with 3 predictors. The predictors retained from feature selection were then explored using factor analysis at the item level and cluster analysis of the full data to determine empirically driven data structures. Discussion Non-responders displayed 3 distinct symptom profiles along internalizing dimensions of anxiety, anhedonia, motivation, and cognitive function. Results should be replicated in a prospective cohort sample for predictive validity; however, this study demonstrates validity for using a limited anhedonia and internalizing self-report instrument for distinguishing between antidepressant resistant and responsive depression profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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3
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Snyder HR, Silton RL, Hankin BL, Smolker HR, Kaiser RH, Banich MT, Miller GA, Heller W. The dimensional structure of internalizing psychopathology: Relation to diagnostic categories. Clin Psychol Sci 2023; 11:1044-1063. [PMID: 37982000 PMCID: PMC10655959 DOI: 10.1177/21677026221119483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent approaches aim to represent the dimensional structure of psychopathology, but relatively little research has rigorously tested sub-dimensions within internalizing psychopathology. This study tests pre-registered models of the dimensional structure of internalizing psychopathology, and their relations with current and lifetime depressive and anxiety disorders diagnostic data, in adult samples harmonized across three sites (n=427). Across S-1 bifactor and hierarchical models, we found converging evidence for both general and specific internalizing dimensions. Depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), and panic attacks were all associated with a general internalizing factor that we posit primarily represents motivational anhedonia. GAD was also associated with a specific anxious apprehension factor, and SAD with specific anxious apprehension and low positive affect factors. We suggest that dimensional approaches capturing shared and specific internalizing symptom facets more accurately describe the structure of internalizing psychopathology and provide useful alternatives to categorical diagnoses to advance clinical science.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benjamin L Hankin
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Harry R Smolker
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Roselinde H Kaiser
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Marie T Banich
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Gregory A Miller
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Department of Psychology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA
| | - Wendy Heller
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
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Beller J. Age-period-cohort analysis of depression trends: are depressive symptoms increasing across generations in Germany? Eur J Ageing 2022; 19:1493-1505. [PMID: 36692778 PMCID: PMC9729517 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-022-00732-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have examined trends in depression, but only few have explicitly considered possible generational differences. I examined changes in the burden of depressive symptoms between 2002 and 2017 according to age, time period and birth cohort in Germany. I used population-based data drawn from the German Aging Survey (N = 33,723, 54% female, ages 40 +) from 2002, 2008, 2011, 2014, and 2017. Depressive symptoms were measured via the CES-D 15. Hierarchical age-period-cohort models were used to examine trends in depression. I found that depressive symptoms changed across age, time period and birth cohorts. While there was a general decrease across time periods, strong evidence for a U-shaped cohort effect was also found: Younger generations, beginning with cohorts born after the World War II, increasingly report more depressive symptoms than older generations. This U-shaped cohort trend appeared most pronounced for the somatic symptoms subscale. Contrarily, only minimal cohort differences were found regarding the positive affect subscale. Therefore, depressive symptoms, and especially somatic symptoms, seem to increase in more recent birth cohorts in Germany, who might thus be at risk to experience more mental health problems in the future. Potential reasons for these trends and the generalizability of the results to other countries should be investigated by future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Beller
- Hannover Medical School, Center for Public Health and Health Care, Medical Sociology Unit, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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5
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Ahmed O, Faisal RA, Alim SMDABUHENAM, Sharker T, Hiramoni FA. The psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) Bangla version. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2022; 223:103509. [PMID: 35065529 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bangla version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21-BV) draws huge attention among the researchers to assess the mental health status in various situations among the Bangladeshi adults. Since no published research article to date has assessed the psychometric properties of the scale (Bangla version), this study (n = 980 Bangladeshi adults) aimed to assess the psychometric characteristics of this scale utilizing both classical test theory (CTT) and item response theory (IRT) approaches. Item analysis results (item-total correlations in CTT and slope coefficients of the graded response model in IRT) suggested that items had satisfactory discrimination indices. The confirmatory factor analysis results supported the three-factor correlated model of the DASS-21-BV. This scale had good internal consistency reliabilities (alpha, omega, Rho coefficient, etc.) in both approaches. Additionally, multigroup confirmatory factor analysis results suggested strict invariance of this scale between males and females. Although the convergent and divergent validity of the DASS-21-BV were not assessed in this study, it was still proposed as a psychometrically sound tool to assess depression, anxiety, and stress in the non-clinical sample Bangladesh.
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Alencar CDM, Silva AM, Jural LA, Magno MB, Campos EAD, Silva CM, Coqueiro RDS, Pithon MM, Maia LC. Factors associated with depression, anxiety and stress among dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e084. [PMID: 34431849 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between factors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS) in dentists. Factors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic were evaluated using a questionnaire and scores of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21 were measured. The differences between the DAS scores based on the factors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic were tested through the successive application of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA, α = 0.05). After a sample size calculation, 998 participants with a mean age of 39.39 (± 11.69) years were included. The effect size indicated that changes in sleep quality (η2 = 0.161), eating habits (η2 = 0.057), and physical health (η2 = 0.051) were the ones that most negatively affected DAS scores. The highest DAS scores were observed in professionals who lived with someone at high-risk for COVID-19 (p < 0.001) and in those who did not engage in leisure activities during the pandemic (p < 0.001). Dentists who worked on the frontline against COVID-19 had higher scores of anxiety and stress (p = 0.029). The highest scores for anxiety, depression, and/or stress were seen in dentists living with someone at high-risk for COVID-19, who acts on the frontline, who does not practice in leisure activities during the pandemic, who completely changed eating habits, quality of sleep and physical health during the pandemic. In general, DAS levels of dentists were associated with factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane de Melo Alencar
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Aryvelto Miranda Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Alves Jural
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcela Baraúna Magno
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Edson Alves de Campos
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Cecy Martins Silva
- Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA, School of Dentistry, Department of Dental Clinic, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Raildo da Silva Coqueiro
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia - UESB, Center for Studies in Aging, Jequié, BA, Brazil
| | - Matheus Melo Pithon
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Tao CS, Ramakrishnan N, McPhee M, Lewandowska OP, Erb S. Anxiety mediates the relationship between childhood adversity and perceived current life stress in a diverse sample of emerging adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2021.1910050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia S. Tao
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nayani Ramakrishnan
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
| | - Matthew McPhee
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Suzanne Erb
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
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Associations between (sub) clinical stress- and anxiety symptoms in mentally healthy individuals and in major depression: a cross-sectional clinical study. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:428. [PMID: 32873278 PMCID: PMC7466802 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Responses to stressful circumstances have psychological and physiological dimensions, and are related to anxiety symptoms and mental disorders such as depression. Nonetheless, the relationship between subclinical stress and anxiety symptoms is still elusive. METHODS To explore possible associations between stress and anxiety symptoms, patients with major depression (N = 77) and mentally healthy individuals of different age clusters and occupations (N = 412) were enrolled into the study. Stress was assessed with the new subclinical stress symptom questionnaire (SSQ-25). Anxiety was studied with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), mainly focusing on clinical anxiety, whilst anxiety as a personality trait was assessed with the trait aspect of the State Τrait Αnxiety Ιnventory Y (STAI Y). Statistical analyses included ANOVA, Scheffe test, linear regression models and a two-step cluster analysis using Log-Likelihood Distance measure and fixed number of two clusters. RESULTS Age, stress symptoms and BAI scores differed significantly between among groups (P < 0.001), whilst STAI Y scores did not. Stress levels were found to be related to clinical anxiety (P < 0.001), while neither group identity nor age exerted any influence on anxiety levels (P > 0.05). The two Step Cluster analysis classified 76 out of 77 participants with milder stress (subclinical) symptoms into the cluster with moderate anxiety, as indicated by BAI scores, and all individuals with more severe stress into the severe anxiety cluster. CONCLUSIONS The observed associations between stress and anxiety shed light on the interrelations between even very mild (subclinical) stress and anxiety symptoms and may point to the potential of mild stress to serve as a target for early interventions aiming to prevent anxiety morbidity.
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Theunissen M, Jonker S, Schepers J, Nicolson NA, Nuijts R, Gramke HF, Marcus MAE, Peters ML. Validity and time course of surgical fear as measured with the Surgical Fear Questionnaire in patients undergoing cataract surgery. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201511. [PMID: 30092085 PMCID: PMC6084852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary aim of the study was to assess the convergent validity of the Surgical Fear Questionnaire (SFQ) with other self-report instruments and biological indices of stress. Secondary aims were the examination of predictors of the level and time course of fear and preferences for fear treatment. METHODS In a prospective observational cohort study SFQ short-term (SFQ-s) and long-term (SFQ-l) scores were assessed one week, one day, and the morning before cataract surgery, together with salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase (sAA) levels, and numeric rating scale (NRS) fear score. SFQ-scores were also assessed before second eye surgery. Expected pain and recovery, and sociodemographic and medico-psychological predictors of fear were assessed at baseline. RESULTS Data of 98 patients were analyzed. Scores of both SFQ-subscales (range 0-40) were generally low, all mean ≤ 9.0. SFQ-s and SFQ-l correlated significantly with the other self-report instruments: NRS fear .83 and .89, expected pain .49 and .54, expected recovery -.27 and -.44. No association was found between SFQ-scores and cortisol or sAA level. Predictors of the level of fear were baseline pain and stress. Additional effects of time were found for subgroups based on educational level, antidepressant use, and presurgical stress (SFQ-l). SFQ-scores were significantly lower before the second cataract surgery than before the first, and higher in patients who would have appreciated treatment of fear. DISCUSSION Convergent validity of the SFQ with other self-report measures is shown. The sensitivity of the SFQ permits the detection of small variations in fear caused by time or other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Theunissen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Soraya Jonker
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Schepers
- Department of Methodology & Statistics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nancy A. Nicolson
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Rudy Nuijts
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans-Fritz Gramke
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marco A. E. Marcus
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Anesthesia/ICU, Pain & Palliative Care, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Madelon L. Peters
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Williams LM, Goldstein-Piekarski AN, Chowdhry N, Grisanzio KA, Haug NA, Samara Z, Etkin A, O’Hara R, Schatzberg AF, Suppes T, Yesavage J. Developing a clinical translational neuroscience taxonomy for anxiety and mood disorder: protocol for the baseline-follow up Research domain criteria Anxiety and Depression ("RAD") project. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16:68. [PMID: 26980207 PMCID: PMC4793523 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-0771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding how brain circuit dysfunctions relate to specific symptoms offers promise for developing a brain-based taxonomy for classifying psychopathology, identifying targets for mechanistic studies and ultimately for guiding treatment choice. The goal of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative of the National Institute of Mental Health is to accelerate the development of such neurobiological models of mental disorder independent of traditional diagnostic criteria. In our RDoC Anxiety and Depression ("RAD") project we focus trans-diagnostically on the spectrum of depression and anxiety psychopathology. Our aims are a) to use brain imaging to define cohesive dimensions defined by dysfunction of circuits involved in reactivity to and regulation of negatively valenced emotional stimulation and in cognitive control, b) to assess the relationships between these dimension and specific symptoms, behavioral performance and the real world capacity to function socially and at work and c) to assess the stability of brain-symptom-behavior-function relationships over time. METHODS AND DESIGN Here we present the protocol for the "RAD" project, one of the first RDoC studies to use brain circuit functioning to define new dimensions of psychopathology. The RAD project follows baseline-follow up design. In line with RDoC principles we use a strategy for recruiting all clients who "walk through the door" of a large community mental health clinic as well as the surrounding community. The clinic attends to a broad spectrum of anxiety and mood-related symptoms. Participants are unmedicated and studied at baseline using a standardized battery of functional brain imaging, structural brain imaging and behavioral probes that assay constructs of threat reactivity, threat regulation and cognitive control. The battery also includes self-report measures of anxiety and mood symptoms, and social and occupational functioning. After baseline assessments, therapists in the clinic apply treatment planning as usual. Follow-up assessments are undertaken at 3 months, to establish the reliability of brain-based subgroups over time and to assess whether these subgroups predict real-world functional capacity over time. First enrollment was August 2013, and is ongoing. DISCUSSION This project is designed to advance knowledge toward a neural circuit taxonomy for mental disorder. Data will be shared via the RDoC database for dissemination to the scientific community. The clinical translational neuroscience goals of the project are to develop brain-behavior profile reports for each individual participant and to refine these reports with therapist feedback. Reporting of results is expected from December 2016 onward. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02220309 . Registered: August 13, 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne M. Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC) Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC) Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Nowreen Chowdhry
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC) Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Katherine A. Grisanzio
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC) Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Nancy A. Haug
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,Psychology, Palo Alto University, 1791 Arastradero Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Zoe Samara
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Amit Etkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC) Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Ruth O’Hara
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC) Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Alan F. Schatzberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Trisha Suppes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Jerome Yesavage
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC) Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
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Winch A, Moberly NJ, Dickson JM. Unique associations between anxiety, depression and motives for approach and avoidance goal pursuit. Cogn Emot 2014; 29:1295-305. [DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2014.976544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Segre LS, McCabe JE, Chuffo-Siewert R, O'Hara MW. Depression and anxiety symptoms in mothers of newborns hospitalized on the neonatal intensive care unit. Nurs Res 2014; 63:320-32. [PMID: 25171558 PMCID: PMC4151274 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mothers of infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are at risk for clinically significant levels of depression and anxiety symptoms; however, the maternal/infant characteristics that predict risk have been difficult to determine. Previous studies have conceptualized depression and anxiety symptoms separately, ignoring their comorbidity. Moreover, risk factors for these symptoms have not been assessed together in one study sample. OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this study was to determine whether a diagnostic classification approach or a common factor model better explained the pattern of symptoms reported by NICU mothers, including depression, generalized anxiety, panic, and trauma. A secondary aim was to assess risk factors of aversive emotional states in NICU mothers based on the supported conceptual model. METHOD In this cross-sectional study, a nonprobability convenience sample of 200 NICU mothers completed questionnaires assessing maternal demographic and infant health characteristics, as well as maternal depression and anxiety symptoms. Structural equation modeling was used to test a diagnostic classification model and a common factor model of aversive emotional states and the risk factors of aversive emotional states in mothers in the NICU. RESULTS Maximum likelihood estimates indicated that examining symptoms of depression and anxiety disorders as separate diagnostic classifications did not fit the data well, whereas examining the common factor of negative emotionality rendered an adequate fit to the data and identified a history of depression, infant illness, and infant prematurity as significant risk factors. DISCUSSION This study supports a multidimensional view of depression and should guide both clinical practice and future research with NICU mothers.
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MESH Headings
- Academic Medical Centers
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Anxiety/diagnosis
- Anxiety/epidemiology
- Comorbidity
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Depression, Postpartum/diagnosis
- Depression, Postpartum/epidemiology
- Female
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/therapy
- Infant, Premature
- Intensive Care Units, Neonatal/statistics & numerical data
- Intensive Care, Neonatal/psychology
- Middle Aged
- Midwestern United States
- Models, Psychological
- Models, Theoretical
- Mother-Child Relations/psychology
- Mothers/psychology
- Mothers/statistics & numerical data
- Risk Factors
- Socioeconomic Factors
- Stress, Psychological/epidemiology
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa S Segre
- Lisa S. Segre, PhD, is Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, University of Iowa. Jennifer E. McCabe, BA, is Doctoral Candidate, Department of Psychology, University of Iowa. Rebecca Chuffo-Siewert, ARNP, DNP, NNP-BC, is Clinical Associate Professor, College of Nursing, University of Iowa, and Neonatal Nurse Practitioner, University of Iowa Children's Hospital. Michael W. O'Hara, PhD, is Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Iowa
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13
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Pomerantz AM, Rose P. Is depression the past tense of anxiety? An empirical study of the temporal distinction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 49:446-52. [DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Pomerantz
- Department of Psychology; Southern Illinois University Edwardsville; Edwardsville IL USA
| | - Paul Rose
- Department of Psychology; Southern Illinois University Edwardsville; Edwardsville IL USA
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Wardenaar KJ, van Veen T, Giltay EJ, Zitman FG, Penninx BWJH. The use of symptom dimensions to investigate the longitudinal effects of life events on depressive and anxiety symptomatology. J Affect Disord 2014; 156:126-33. [PMID: 24388686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings on the association between life events and depression have been quite inconsistent. This could be due to the heterogeneity of traditionally used depression outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether specific symptom dimensions can be used as an alternative to detect more specific life event effects. METHODS Participants with/without psychiatric diagnoses were included (n=2252). Dimensions of the tripartite model (General Distress [GD], Anhedonic Depression [AD] and Anxious Arousal [AA]) were assessed at baseline, 1-year and 2-year follow-up. Life events occurring between measurements were assessed retrospectively. Longitudinal associations between life events and dimensional scores were analysed with Linear Mixed Models. RESULTS Occurrence of negative life events was associated with increasing GD and AA, and less with AD. Positive life events were associated with decreasing GD and AD, but not with AA. The association between negative life events and AD was larger in the absence of previous psychiatric problems, lending support to a dimension-specific 'kindling' effect. Also, the negative association between negative life events and GD was stronger in those with high neuroticism. Multivariable analyses with individual life events showed that a few strong independent effects remained for each dimension. LIMITATIONS Life event reports were retrospective; only three outcome dimensions were used. CONCLUSIONS These results show that the effects of life events and modifying factors depend, to an extent, on the symptom domain that is considered as outcome, illustrating the need to account for symptom heterogeneity in etiological life event research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaas J Wardenaar
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (CC-72), PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Tineke van Veen
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik J Giltay
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frans G Zitman
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Vignola RCB, Tucci AM. Adaptation and validation of the depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS) to Brazilian Portuguese. J Affect Disord 2014; 155:104-9. [PMID: 24238871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety have been associated with a range of symptoms that often overlap. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) is a single instrument to assess symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. This study aimed to adapt and validate the DASS-21 for use in the Brazilian Portuguese language. METHODS The DASS-21 has been adapted following the translation-back translation methodology from English to Portuguese. 242 subjects completed the following assessments: the DASS-21, the Beck Depression Index (BDI), Beck Anxiety Index (BAI) and the Inventory of Stress Symptoms of Lipp (ISSL). RESULTS The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) result was .949, indicating that the adequacy of the model was high. Cronbach's alpha was .92 for the depression, .90 for the stress, and .86 for the anxiety, indicating a good internal consistency for each subscale. The correlations between DASS scale and BDI scale, BAI scale and ISSL inventory were strong. The factorial analysis and distribution of factors among the subscales indicated that the structure of three distinct factors is adequate. LIMITATIONS Older subjects over 65 years of age were not largely represented in this sample. A study specific to this elderly population should be conducted. Another limitation of the study was education level. The impact of low education in its applicability should be considered. CONCLUSIONS The findings support the validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the DASS-21 and add to the evidence of the DASS-21 quality and ability to assess emotional states separately, eliminating the use of different instruments to assess these states.
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