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Ji Q, Yan S, Ding J, Zeng X, Liu Z, Zhou T, Wu Z, Wei W, Li H, Liu S, Ai S. Photobiomodulation improves depression symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1267415. [PMID: 38356614 PMCID: PMC10866010 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1267415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is a common mental illness that is widely recognized by its lack of pleasure, fatigue, low mood, and, in severe cases, even suicidal tendencies. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that could treat patients with mood disorders such as depression. Methods A systematic search of ten databases, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for depression, was conducted from the time of library construction to September 25, 2023. The primary outcome was depression. The secondary outcome was sleep. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan (version 5.4) and Stata (version 14.0). Subgroup analyses were performed to identify sources of heterogeneity. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Results Three thousand two hundred and sixty-five studies were retrieved from the database and screened for inclusion in eleven trials. The forest plot results demonstrated that PBM alleviated depression (SMD = -0.55, 95% CI [-0.75, -0.35], I2 = 46%). But it is not statistically significant for patients' sleep outcomes (SMD = -0.82, 95% CI [-2.41, 0.77], I2 = 0%, p > 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that s-PBM was superior to t-PBM in relieving symptoms of depression. The best improvement for t-PBM was achieved using a wavelength of 823 nm, fluence of 10-100 J/cm2, irradiance of 50-100 mW/cm2, irradiance time of 30 min, treatment frequency < 3/week, and number of treatments >15 times. The best improvement for s-PBM was achieved using a wavelength of 808 nm, fluence ≤1 J/cm2, irradiance of 50-100 mW/cm2, irradiance time ≤ 5 min, treatment frequency ≥ 3/week, number of treatments >15 times. All results had evidence quality that was either moderate or very low, and there was no bias in publication. Conclusion We conclude that PBM is effective in reducing depression symptoms in patients. However, the current number of studies is small, and further studies are needed to extend the current analysis results. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, CRD42023444677.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipei Ji
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shichang Yan
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jilin Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation, Mianyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang Liu
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianqi Zhou
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuorao Wu
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wei
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huaqiang Li
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuangyue Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Mianyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Shuangchun Ai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Mianyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
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Zhao FY, Xu P, Zheng Z, Conduit R, Xu Y, Yue LP, Wang HR, Wang YM, Li YX, Li CY, Zhang WJ, Fu QQ, Kennedy GA. Managing depression with complementary and alternative medicine therapies: a scientometric analysis and visualization of research activities. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1288346. [PMID: 38034915 PMCID: PMC10684695 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1288346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) interventions may prove to be an attractive option for the treatment of depression. The aim of this scientometric analysis is to determine the global scientific output of research regarding managing depression with CAM and identify the hotspots and frontiers within this theme. Methods Publications regarding the utilization of CAM for treating depression were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection from 1993 to 2022, and analyzed and visualized by Bibliometrix R-package, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace. Results A total of 1,710 publications were acquired. The number of annual publications showed an overall rapid upward trend, with the figure peaking at 179 in 2021. The USA was the leading research center. Totally 2,323 distinct institutions involving 7,638 scholars contributed to the research theme. However, most of the cooperation was limited to within the same country, institution or research team. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine was the most productive periodical. The CAM therapies of most interest to researchers were acupuncture and body-mind techniques, such as yoga, meditation and mindfulness. Systematic review and meta-analysis are commonly used methods. "Inflammation," "rating scale" and "psychological stress" were identified as the most studied trend topics recently. Conclusion Managing depression with evidence-based CAM treatment is gaining attention globally. Body-mind techniques and acupuncture are growing research hotspots or emerging trending topics. Future studies are predicted to potentially investigate the possible mechanisms of action underlying CAM treatments in reducing depression in terms of modulation of psychological stress and inflammation levels. Cross-countries/institutes/team research collaborations should be encouraged and further enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yi Zhao
- Department of Nursing, School of International Medical Technology, Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peijie Xu
- School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Zhen Zheng
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Russell Conduit
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Nursing, School of International Medical Technology, Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Ping Yue
- Department of Nursing, School of International Medical Technology, Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Ru Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Mei Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Xin Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang-Qiang Fu
- Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gerard A. Kennedy
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Mount Helen, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
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3
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Chen B, Wang CC, Lee KH, Xia JC, Luo Z. Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Res Nurs Health 2023; 46:48-67. [PMID: 36509453 PMCID: PMC10108109 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture is widely accepted as a therapeutic option for managing depression. However, evidence from clinical trials remains controversial. This review aims to synthesize the best available evidence on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in managing depression. The review was performed according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. Five databases and the relevant trial registries were searched from the inception to October 2021. Randomized clinical trials of acupuncture for managing depression, published in English, were selected for inclusion. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Netmeta and dmetar of R packages were used to conduct a network meta-analysis. Twenty-two trials with 2391 participants were eligible and included in the analysis. This review found evidence that electroacupuncture (EA) plus antidepressant achieved superior outcomes compared with the waitlist (standardized mean difference = -8.86, 95% confidence interval: -14.78 to -2.93). The treatment ranking of different interventions in improving depression symptoms indicated that EA plus antidepressant with a probability of 0.8294, followed by manual acupuncture (MA) plus antidepressant (0.6470) and MA (0.5232). Acupuncture, either in isolation or as an adjunct to pharmacological treatment, has clinical benefits and can be considered a safe option for managing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binglei Chen
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Carol Chunfeng Wang
- National School of Nursing, Midwifery, Health Science & PhysiotherapyThe University of Notre Dame AustraliaFremantleWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Khui Hung Lee
- School of ScienceEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Jianhong Cecilia Xia
- School of Earth and Planetary SciencesCurtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Zongting Luo
- School of NursingFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouChina
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4
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Tsai ST, Nithiyanantham S, Satyanarayanan SK, Su KP. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on the Concept of Mind-Body Interface. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1411:435-458. [PMID: 36949321 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we conducted a systemic literature review for the anti-inflammatory effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) applying molecular mechanisms focusing on the neuroinflammation and gut-brain axis in three neuropsychiatric disorders: major depressive disorder, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. We demonstrated the anti-inflammation or immunomodulation effects of TCM, including acupuncture, from basic and clinical research, including cellular and molecular approaches. In conclusion, inflammation plays a critical role in the neuropsychopathological process. At the same time, anti-inflammation seems to be the common biological pathway for the effects of TCM and acupuncture in depression, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ta Tsai
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Srinivasan Nithiyanantham
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Ucun Y, Küçük L. The efficacy of complementary and traditional practice on psychiatric patients with depression symptoms: A meta- analysis study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:744-757. [PMID: 33969496 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the effect sizes of the complementary and traditional practices on the depressive symptom levels in psychiatric patients DESIGN AND METHODS: The "Health Evidence™ Quality Assessment Tool" and "Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3" program was used. FINDINGS A total of 81 studies with 5934 patients were included. The effect size of the complementary and traditional methods applied to psychiatric patient on depressive symptoms was calculated as d = 0.718 (p = 0.000). According to Cohen, studies have moderate effect size. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Complementary and traditional practices were found to be significant and effective on depressive symptoms in psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leyla Küçük
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey
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6
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Zhang Z, Li S, Meng H, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wu M, Chen Y, Rong P, Wang Y. Efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of depression: A systematic review of clinical research. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2021; 304:2436-2453. [PMID: 34623754 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
As a common mental disorder, depression is one of the leading causes of disability around the world. Clinical studies have shown that acupuncture is an effective therapy without obvious side effects compared to limited efficacy and adverse reactions of drug therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and neuromodulation technology in treating depression. The objective of this review is to systematically evaluate whether acupuncture therapies for depression are safe and effective in order to provide a high-quality reference for clinical trials of acupuncture. A systematic search of the literature was carried out through bibliographic search engine PubMed. Subsequently, the study design, intervention methods, control group, results, and safety of acupuncture were analyzed. The results showed that acupuncture as an adjunct to antidepressants or as a single treatment can exert a positive impact on patients' depressive symptoms. Compared with antidepressants, acupuncture has the advantages of fast onset and long-term efficacy in the treatment of depression, and can enhance the efficacy of antidepressants. Moreover, the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of depression maybe related to the qualification of the acupuncturist, the selection of acupoints, and intervention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Zhang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoyuan Li
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Meng
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mozheng Wu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peijing Rong
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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7
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Caldieraro MA, Laufer-Silva T, Cassano P. Dosimetry and Clinical Efficacy of Transcranial Photobiomodulation for Major Depression Disorder: Could they Guide Dosimetry for Alzheimer's Disease? J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:1453-1469. [PMID: 34487045 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is prevalent and has significant impact on individuals and society. Cognitive symptoms are frequent in MDD and insufficiently treated by antidepressant medications. Transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) is a novel device therapy which shows promise as an antidepressant and pro-cognitive treatment. To date, despite the encouraging results, the optimal stimulation parameters of t-PBM to treat MDD are not established, and clinical studies are very heterogeneous in terms of these parameters. While the literature provides guidance on the appropriate fluence to achieve therapeutic results, little is known on the other parameters. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between different parameters and the antidepressant effect of t-PBM. METHODS We reviewed clinical studies on MDD and on depressive symptoms comorbid with other diseases. We calculated the standardized effect size of the change in symptoms severity before and after t-PBM and we performed a descriptive analysis of the reviewed papers. RESULTS The greatest effect sizes for the antidepressant effect were found in studies using pulse-wave t-PBM with high peak irradiance (but low average irradiance) over large skin surface. One well-designed and sufficiently powered, double-blind, sham-controlled trial indicated that t-PBM with low irradiance over a small skin surface is ineffective to treat depression. CONCLUSION The use of t-PBM for Alzheimer's disease and for dementia is still at its inception; these dosimetry lessons from the use of t-PBM for depression might serve as guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antonio Caldieraro
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) e Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre -RS, Brasil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Porto Alegre -RS, Brasil
| | - Tatiana Laufer-Silva
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) e Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre -RS, Brasil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Porto Alegre -RS, Brasil
| | - Paolo Cassano
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,MGH Division of Neuropsychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Ligorio DV, Lyons GCB. Exploring differences in psychological professionals' attitudes towards and experiences of complementary therapies in clinical practice. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela V. Ligorio
- School of Psychological Sciences, Australian College of Applied Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Geoffrey C. B. Lyons
- School of Psychological Sciences, Australian College of Applied Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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9
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Yang J, Mallory MJ, Wu Q, Bublitz SE, Do A, Xiong D, Chen CYY, Dorsher PT, Chon TY, Bauer BA. The Safety of Laser Acupuncture: A Systematic Review. Med Acupunct 2020; 32:209-217. [PMID: 32874405 PMCID: PMC7455477 DOI: 10.1089/acu.2020.1419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Laser acupuncture has become increasingly attractive in clinical practice, especially for patients with needle phobias well as elderly people and children. However, literature concerning the safety of laser acupuncture has been limited. This systematic review synthesizes the current available literature on the safety of laser acupuncture. Methods: Ovid MEDLINE,® Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations Daily, Ovid Embase, Scopus, and EBM Reviews-Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on laser acupuncture. Safety data were extracted from the included studies. Adverse events (AEs) data were extracted and assessed in terms of severity and causality. Results: Of 737 articles, 21 RCTs were included. The majority of these RCTs reported that laser acupuncture was safe, without AEs; 6 trials reported AEs (including tingling, pain flare-ups, and transient fatigue). All AEs were mild and resolved spontaneously within 24 hours. The causal relationship between AEs and laser acupuncture was felt to be "certain" in 4 studies, "probable" in 1 study, and "possible" in 1 study. AEs were collected and monitored by evaluation methods in 7 trials: 5 with AE questionnaires, 1 with a checklist, and 1 with oral reports. Conclusions: Laser acupuncture appears to be a safe therapy associated with few mild and transient AEs. However, given the heterogeneity of current studies, large, well-designed placebo-controlled RCTs with rigorous evaluation methods are needed to assess the safety of laser acupuncture more completely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Pain Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Molly J Mallory
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Qinglong Wu
- College of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sara E Bublitz
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alexander Do
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Donglin Xiong
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Peter T Dorsher
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Tony Y Chon
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Brent A Bauer
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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10
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Lee YS, Ryu Y, Yoon DE, Kim CH, Hong G, Hwang YC, Chae Y. Commonality and Specificity of Acupuncture Point Selections. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:2948292. [PMID: 32802119 PMCID: PMC7403905 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2948292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because individual acupoints have a wide variety of indications, it is difficult to accurately identify the associations between acupoints and specific diseases. Thus, the present study aimed at revealing the commonality and specificity of acupoint selections using virtual medical diagnoses based on several cases. METHODS Eighty currently practicing Korean Medicine doctors were asked to prescribe acupoints for virtual acupuncture treatment after being presented with medical information extracted from 10 case reports. The acupoints prescribed for each case were quantified; the data were normalised and compared among the 10 cases using z-scores. A hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted to categorise diseases treated based on the acupoint prescription patterns. Additionally, network analyses were performed on the acupoint prescriptions, at the individual case and cluster level. RESULTS Acupoints ST36, LI4, and LR3 were most commonly prescribed across all diseases. Regarding the specific acupoints prescribed in each cluster, acupoints around the disease site (knee and lower back) were frequently used in cluster A (musculoskeletal symptoms), acupoints LI4, LR3, PC6, and KI3 were frequently used in cluster B (psychiatric symptoms), and acupoints ST36, LI4, LR3, PC6, CV12, and SP6 were frequently used in cluster C (several symptoms of diseases of internal medicine). CONCLUSIONS The present study identified the commonality and specificity of acupoint selections based on virtual acupuncture treatments prescribed by practicing clinicians. Acupoint selection patterns, which were defined using a top-down approach in previous studies and classical medical texts, may be further elucidated using a bottom-up approach based on patient medical records.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Seul Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Acupoint, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Eun Yoon
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Han Kim
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geesoo Hong
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Chae Hwang
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Younbyoung Chae
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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Yang L, Youngblood H, Wu C, Zhang Q. Mitochondria as a target for neuroprotection: role of methylene blue and photobiomodulation. Transl Neurodegener 2020; 9:19. [PMID: 32475349 PMCID: PMC7262767 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-020-00197-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in the formation of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, which are important factors contributing to the development of brain disease. Ample evidence suggests mitochondria are a promising target for neuroprotection. Recently, methods targeting mitochondria have been considered as potential approaches for treatment of brain disease through the inhibition of inflammation and oxidative injury. This review will discuss two widely studied approaches for the improvement of brain mitochondrial respiration, methylene blue (MB) and photobiomodulation (PBM). MB is a widely studied drug with potential beneficial effects in animal models of brain disease, as well as limited human studies. Similarly, PBM is a non-invasive treatment that promotes energy production and reduces both oxidative stress and inflammation, and has garnered increasing attention in recent years. MB and PBM have similar beneficial effects on mitochondrial function, oxidative damage, inflammation, and subsequent behavioral symptoms. However, the mechanisms underlying the energy enhancing, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of MB and PBM differ. This review will focus on mitochondrial dysfunction in several different brain diseases and the pathological improvements following MB and PBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luodan Yang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Hannah Youngblood
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Chongyun Wu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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12
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Taguchi R, Sato K, Adomi S, Tanaka N, Tamura H, Tamura T. Acupuncture and Laser Acupuncture as Treatments for Emotional Distress in Infertile Women in Japan. Med Acupunct 2019; 31:372-378. [PMID: 31871525 DOI: 10.1089/acu.2019.1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Needle and laser acupuncture are often used to improve the success rate of assisted reproductive technology (ART). This study examined whether needle or laser acupuncture ameliorated the emotional distress experienced by infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Materials and Methods: Fifty-one infertile women who were undergoing IVF-ET or ICSI received needle acupuncture (needle-acupuncture group; n = 32) or laser acupuncture treatment (laser-acupuncture group; n = 19). The emotional distress experienced by the infertile women was evaluated using 2 questionnaires-the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)-both before and after 3 months of treatment. Results: In the needle-acupuncture group, the POMS detected significant post-treatment reductions in tension/anxiety (P < 0.001), depression/dejection (P < 0.001), anger/hostility (P < 0.001), confusion (P < 0.05), and total mood disturbance (TMD; p < 0.001). However, the POMS scores for vigor/activity and fatigue were not altered significantly after the treatment. In the STAI, both State and Trait scores had significantly decreased after the acupuncture (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). In the laser-acupuncture group, the POMS detected significantly lower tension/anxiety (P < 0.05) and vigor/activity (P < 0.05) scores after the treatment. However, the POMS did not detect significant changes in depression/dejection, anger/hostility, fatigue, confusion, or TMD after the treatment. Furthermore, neither the STAI-State nor the STAI-Trait score had significantly decreased after the laser acupuncture treatment. Conclusions: These results indicate that needle and laser acupuncture ameliorate the emotional distress experienced by women who are undergoing IVF-ET or ICSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reina Taguchi
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Meiji University of Integrative Medicine, Nantan-Shi, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kimiko Sato
- Tamura Hideko Ladies' Clinic, Kyoto City, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sayaka Adomi
- Tamura Hideko Ladies' Clinic, Kyoto City, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriko Tanaka
- Tamura Hideko Ladies' Clinic, Kyoto City, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideko Tamura
- Tamura Hideko Ladies' Clinic, Kyoto City, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaya Tamura
- Tamura Obstetrics/Gynecology Clinic, Kameoka City, Kyoto, Japan
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Askalsky P, Iosifescu DV. Transcranial Photobiomodulation For The Management Of Depression: Current Perspectives. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:3255-3272. [PMID: 31819453 PMCID: PMC6878920 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s188906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent condition associated with high rates of disability, as well as suicidal ideation and behavior. Current treatments for MDD have significant limitations in efficacy and side effect burden. FDA-approved devices for MDD are burdensome (due to repeated in-office procedures) and are most suitable for severely ill subjects. There is a critical need for device-based treatments in MDD that are efficacious, well-tolerated, and easy to use. In this paper, we review a novel neuromodulation strategy, transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) with near-infrared light (NIR). The scope of our review includes the known biological mechanisms of t-PBM, as well as its efficacy in animal models of depression and in patients with MDD. Theoretically, t-PBM penetrates into the cerebral cortex, stimulating the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and also significantly increases cerebral blood flow. Animal and human studies, using a variety of t-PBM settings and experimental models, suggest that t-PBM may have significant efficacy and good tolerability in MDD. In aggregate, these data support the need for large confirmatory studies for t-PBM as a novel, likely safe, and easy-to-administer antidepressant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Askalsky
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dan V Iosifescu
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Clinical Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
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Armour M, Smith CA, Wang LQ, Naidoo D, Yang GY, MacPherson H, Lee MS, Hay P. Acupuncture for Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8081140. [PMID: 31370200 PMCID: PMC6722678 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8081140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression is commonly treated with anti-depressant medication and/or psychological interventions. Patients with depression are common users of complementary therapies, such as acupuncture, either as a replacement for, or adjunct to, their conventional treatments. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of acupuncture in major depressive disorder. Methods: A search of English (Medline, PsychINFO, Google Scholar, and CINAL), Chinese (China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI) and Wanfang Database), and Korean databases was undertaken from 1980 to November 2018 for clinical trials using manual, electro, or laser acupuncture. Results: Twenty-nine studies including 2268 participants were eligible and included in the meta-analysis. Twenty-two trials were undertaken in China and seven outside of China. Acupuncture showed clinically significant reductions in the severity of depression compared to usual care (Hedges (g) = 0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.18 to 0.63), sham acupuncture (g = 0.55, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.79), and as an adjunct to anti-depressant medication (g = 0.84, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.07). A significant correlation between an increase in the number of acupuncture treatments delivered and reduction in the severity of depression (p = 0.015) was found. Limitations: The majority of the included trials were at a high risk of bias for performance blinding. The applicability of findings in Chinese populations to other populations is unclear, due to the use of a higher treatment frequency and number of treatments in China. The majority of trials did not report any post-trial follow-up and safety reporting was poor. Conclusions: Acupuncture may be a suitable adjunct to usual care and standard anti-depressant medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Armour
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Caroline A Smith
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Li-Qiong Wang
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dhevaksha Naidoo
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Guo-Yan Yang
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Hugh MacPherson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Myeong Soo Lee
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Campbelltown Hospital, South West Sydney Local Health District, Campbelltown, NSW 5074, Australia
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Chen LY, Yen HR, Sun MF, Lin CL, Chiang JH, Lee YC. Acupuncture treatment is associated with a decreased risk of developing stroke in patients with depression: A propensity-score matched cohort study. J Affect Disord 2019; 250:298-306. [PMID: 30875672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression had a significantly increased risk of stroke. Some patients with depression seek acupuncture treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between acupuncture treatment and risk of developing stroke in patients with depression. METHODS Patients with newly diagnosed depression above 18 years old between 1997 and 2010 were selected from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database, and followed up until the end of 2013. The 1:1 propensity score method was used to match an equal number of patients (N = 13,823) in the acupuncture and non-acupuncture cohorts, based on characteristics including sex, age, baseline comorbidity and drug used. The outcome measurement was the comparison of stroke incidence in the two cohorts. We used the Cox regression model and the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the risk of developing stroke. RESULTS Compared with the non-acupuncture cohort, patients who received acupuncture treatment had a lower risk of stroke (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.49, 95% confidential interval = 0.45-0.52) after adjustment for age, sex, comorbidities and drugs used. Regarding the two types of stroke, acupuncture users also had lower risk of hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke (adjusted HR = 0.37 and 0.49, respectively). The cumulative incidence of stroke in the acupuncture cohort was significantly lower than that of the non-acupuncture cohort (log-rank test, p < 0.001). At the 5th year of follow-up, 7.22% of acupuncture users had stroke onset compared with 14% in the non-acupuncture cohort. LIMITATIONS The database provided information of antidepressants but not the severity of depression. Details of the life style and selection of acupoints were also not provided. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed that acupuncture reduced the risk of developing stroke in depression patients in Taiwan. Further clinical studies investigating the mechanisms and efficacy of acupuncture are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Yu Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
| | - Mao-Feng Sun
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Huai Chiang
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Lee
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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Wang CC, Tan JY, Williams A. Safety and side effects of acupuncture therapy in Australia: A systematic review. Eur J Integr Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Caldieraro MA, Cassano P. Transcranial and systemic photobiomodulation for major depressive disorder: A systematic review of efficacy, tolerability and biological mechanisms. J Affect Disord 2019; 243:262-273. [PMID: 30248638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photobiomodulation (PBM) with red and near-infrared light (NIR) -also known as Low-Level Light Therapy-is a low risk, inexpensive treatment-based on non-retinal exposure-under study for several neuropsychiatric conditions. The aim of this paper is to discuss the proposed mechanism of action and to perform a systematic review of pre-clinical and clinical studies on PBM for major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS A search on MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed in July 2017. No time or language restrictions were used. Studies with a primary focus on MDD and presenting original data were included (n = 17). References on the mechanisms of action of PBM also included review articles and studies not focused on MDD. RESULTS Red and NIR light penetrate the skull and modulate brain cortex; an indirect effect of red and NIR light, when delivered non-transcranially, is also postulated. The main proposed mechanism for PBM is the enhancement of mitochondrial metabolism after absorption of NIR energy by the cytochrome C oxidase; however, actions on other pathways relevant to MDD are also reported. Studies on animal models indicate a benefit from PBM that is comparable to antidepressant medications. Clinical studies also indicate a significant antidepressant effect and good tolerability. LIMITATIONS Clinical studies are heterogeneous for population and treatment parameters, and most lack an appropriate control. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary evidence supports the potential of non-retinal PBM as a novel treatment for MDD. Future studies should clarify the ideal stimulation parameters as well as the overall efficacy, effectiveness and safety profile of this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Caldieraro
- Serviço de Psiquiatria, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-903, Brazil.
| | - Paolo Cassano
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital. 1 Bowdoin Square, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. 1 Bowdoin Square, MA 02114, USA
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Effect of Acupuncture Cooperated with Low-frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Chronic Insomnia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:491-498. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1905-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhang H, Chen Z, Wu J, Chen N, Xu W, Li T, Liu S. Laser stimulating ST36 with optical fiber induce blood component changes in mice: a Raman spectroscopy study. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201700262. [PMID: 29446873 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ST36 is a commonly-used acupoint in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treatment of inflammations, pains and gastrointestinal disturbs. For decades, the low power laser acupuncture has been widely applied as an alternative therapy to traditional metal needle acupuncture and achieved relatively fine therapeutic effect for ST36-related symptoms with reduction of uncomfortableness and infection risks. However its disadvantages of low penetrativity and lack of manipulation skills limit its potential performance. An optical fiber laser acupuncture introduced by the previous study combines traditional needling acupuncture and the laser stimulation together, making a stronger therapeutic effect and showing a potential value in clinical application. To evaluate its acupunctural effect on blood, mice are taken as experimental model and Raman spectroscopic technique is used to analysis the changes of blood components after stimulating on ST36. The results show that both the traditional needling acupuncture and optical fiber acupuncture could lead to some spectral changes of blood in mice. This study explores the optical fiber acupuncture's effect on blood in mice using Raman spectroscopy technique for mechanism of acupuncture therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Chen
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Taihao Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shupeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Erthal V, Nohama P. Treatment for neuropathic pain and chronic inflammation using LASER in animal models. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2018; 2015:1315-8. [PMID: 26736510 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7318610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The ST36 (Zusanli) acupuncture point is used to treat inflammatory processes, pain and gastrointestinal disturbs. For this reason, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of Low-level Laser Treatment (LLLT) on ST36 acupoint using models of chronic nociception and inflammation. Male Swiss mice were treated with LLLT on ST36 30 minutes before the mechanical allodynia (von Frey) performed on the partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL) method and Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). The results demonstrated that application of LLLT on ST36 inhibited the mechanical allodynia response induced by PSNL and CFA, with total reversion at 30 minutes after application. Long-term treatment of animals with LLLT on the same acupoint, once a day, also reduced the PNSL and CFA-induced mechanical allodynia response during 8 days of treatment. As conclusion, the results demonstrated that photonic stimulus on ST36 with LLLT produces antinociceptive effect in chronic models of nociception and inflammation. These findings suggest that LLLT may constitute an important therapeutic alternative to control chronic pain.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is recognised as a major public health problem that has a substantial impact on individuals and on society. People with depression may consider using complementary therapies such as acupuncture, and an increasing body of research has been undertaken to assess the effectiveness of acupuncture for treatment of individuals with depression. This is the second update of this review. OBJECTIVES To examine the effectiveness and adverse effects of acupuncture for treatment of individuals with depression.To determine:• Whether acupuncture is more effective than treatment as usual/no treatment/wait list control for treating and improving quality of life for individuals with depression.• Whether acupuncture is more effective than control acupuncture for treating and improving quality of life for individuals with depression.• Whether acupuncture is more effective than pharmacological therapies for treating and improving quality of life for individuals with depression.• Whether acupuncture plus pharmacological therapy is more effective than pharmacological therapy alone for treating and improving quality of life for individuals with depression.• Whether acupuncture is more effective than psychological therapies for treating and improving quality of life for individuals with depression.• Adverse effects of acupuncture compared with treatment as usual/no treatment/wait list control, control acupuncture, pharmacological therapies, and psychological therapies for treatment of individuals with depression. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following databases to June 2016: Cochrane Common Mental Disorders Group Controlled Trials Register (CCMD-CTR), Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS), DBPIA (Korean article database website), Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Research Information Service System (RISS), Korea Med, Korean Medical Database (KM base), and Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS), as well as several Korean medical journals. SELECTION CRITERIA Review criteria called for inclusion of all published and unpublished randomised controlled trials comparing acupuncture versus control acupuncture, no treatment, medication, other structured psychotherapies (cognitive-behavioural therapy, psychotherapy, or counselling), or standard care. Modes of treatment included acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, and laser acupuncture. Participants included adult men and women with depression diagnosed by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), or Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders Third Edition Revised (CCMD-3-R). If necessary, we used trial authors' definitions of depressive disorder. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We performed meta-analyses using risk ratios (RRs) for dichotomous outcomes and standardised mean differences (SMDs) for continuous outcomes, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Primary outcomes were reduction in the severity of depression, measured by self-rating scales or by clinician-rated scales, and improvement in depression, defined as remission versus no remission. We assessed evidence quality using the GRADE method. MAIN RESULTS This review is an update of previous versions and includes 64 studies (7104 participants). Most studies were at high risk of performance bias, at high or unclear risk of detection bias, and at low or unclear risk of selection bias, attrition bias, reporting bias, and other bias.Acupuncture versus no treatment/wait list/treatment as usualWe found low-quality evidence suggesting that acupuncture (manual and electro-) may moderately reduce the severity of depression by end of treatment (SMD -0.66, 95% CI -1.06 to -0.25, five trials, 488 participants). It is unclear whether data show differences between groups in the risk of adverse events (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.35 to 2.24, one trial, 302 participants; low-quality evidence).Acupuncture versus control acupuncture (invasive, non-invasive sham controls)Acupuncture may be associated with a small reduction in the severity of depression of 1.69 points on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) by end of treatment (95% CI -3.33 to -0.05, 14 trials, 841 participants; low-quality evidence). It is unclear whether data show differences between groups in the risk of adverse events (RR 1.63, 95% CI 0.93 to 2.86, five trials, 300 participants; moderate-quality evidence).Acupuncture versus medicationWe found very low-quality evidence suggesting that acupuncture may confer small benefit in reducing the severity of depression by end of treatment (SMD -0.23, 95% CI -0.40 to -0.05, 31 trials, 3127 participants). Studies show substantial variation resulting from use of different classes of medications and different modes of acupuncture stimulation. Very low-quality evidence suggests lower ratings of adverse events following acupuncture compared with medication alone, as measured by the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) (mean difference (MD) -4.32, 95% CI -7.41 to -1.23, three trials, 481 participants).Acupuncture plus medication versus medication aloneWe found very low-quality evidence suggesting that acupuncture is highly beneficial in reducing the severity of depression by end of treatment (SMD -1.15, 95% CI -1.63 to -0.66, 11 trials, 775 participants). Studies show substantial variation resulting from use of different modes of acupuncture stimulation. It is unclear whether differences in adverse events are associated with different modes of acupuncture (SMD -1.32, 95% CI -2.86 to 0.23, three trials, 200 participants; very low-quality evidence).Acupuncture versus psychological therapyIt is unclear whether data show differences between acupuncture and psychological therapy in the severity of depression by end of treatment (SMD -0.5, 95% CI -1.33 to 0.33, two trials, 497 participants; low-quality evidence). Low-quality evidence suggests no differences between groups in rates of adverse events (RR 0.62, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.33, one trial, 452 participants). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The reduction in severity of depression was less when acupuncture was compared with control acupuncture than when acupuncture was compared with no treatment control, although in both cases, results were rated as providing low-quality evidence. The reduction in severity of depression with acupuncture given alone or in conjunction with medication versus medication alone is uncertain owing to the very low quality of evidence. The effect of acupuncture compared with psychological therapy is unclear. The risk of adverse events with acupuncture is also unclear, as most trials did not report adverse events adequately. Few studies included follow-up periods or assessed important outcomes such as quality of life. High-quality randomised controlled trials are urgently needed to examine the clinical efficacy and acceptability of acupuncture, as well as its effectiveness, compared with acupuncture controls, medication, or psychological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Smith
- Western Sydney UniversityNational Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM)Locked Bag 1797PenrithNew South WalesAustralia2751
| | - Mike Armour
- Western Sydney UniversityNational Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM)Locked Bag 1797PenrithNew South WalesAustralia2751
| | - Myeong Soo Lee
- Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineClinical Research Division461‐24 Jeonmin‐dong, Yuseong‐guDaejeonKorea, South34054
| | - Li‐Qiong Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineCentre for Evidence‐Based Chinese MedicineNo.11 East Road of North 3rd Ring, Chaoyang DistrictBeijingChina100029
| | - Phillipa J Hay
- Western Sydney UniversityCentre for Health ResearchPenrithNew South WalesAustralia2751
- James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
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Gabel CP, Petrie SR, Mischoulon D, Hamblin MR, Yeung A, Sangermano L, Cassano P. A case control series for the effect of photobiomodulation in patients with low back pain and concurrent depression. Laser Ther 2018; 27:167-173. [PMID: 32158062 DOI: 10.5978/islsm.27_18-or-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims To present incidental findings in patients with low back pain (LBP) who received photobiomodulation (PBM) administered to the back and thighs as an adjunct to physical therapy (PT) and then experienced improvement in concurrent depression. Materials and methods Five outpatients with LBP and concurrent self-reported depression were treated for LBP over five weeks with PT (5-sessions) and concurrent PBM (final 3-sessions), and retrospectively matched to five control patients treated with PT alone (5-sessions). The PBM device emitted light at 850nm and 660 nm with an irradiance of 100 mW/cm2 and fluence of 3 J/cm2 on 12 symmetrical posterior sites (thoracic, lumbar and thighs) for 30 sec/site. Results Both groups had non-significant differences in all baseline scores, except for higher functional status (ARGS) in the PBM-group (33.6 ± 12.2 vs.18.6 ± 3.6, t(8) = 2.638, p = 0.030). After treatment, the mean decrease in depression scores (OMSQ-12 item #6) was significantly larger in the PBM-group (43.0 ± 22.0 vs. 8.0 ± 5.7, t(8) = 3.449, p = 0.009). Improvement in functional status (ARGS) in the PBM-group was similar to that in the controls (42.0 ± 13.5 vs. 43.4 ± 11.1, t(8) = 0.179, p = 0.862), suggesting group differences in antidepressant effect were independent of functional status improvement. Conclusions This preliminary investigation suggests that an antidepressant effect may result from PBM to the back and thighs in patients with LBP and concurrent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel R Petrie
- Harvard Medical School, Depression Clinical and Research Program, Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - David Mischoulon
- Harvard Medical School, Depression Clinical and Research Program, Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Cambridge MA 02139
| | - Albert Yeung
- Harvard Medical School, Depression Clinical and Research Program, Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Lisa Sangermano
- Harvard Medical School, Depression Clinical and Research Program, Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Paolo Cassano
- Harvard Medical School, Depression Clinical and Research Program, Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.,Harvard Medical School, Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders, Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
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Laser Acupuncture Exerts Neuroprotective Effects via Regulation of Creb, Bdnf, Bcl-2, and Bax Gene Expressions in the Hippocampus. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:7181637. [PMID: 28408940 PMCID: PMC5376935 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7181637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture has a positive effect on cognitive deficits. However, the effects of laser acupuncture (LA) on cognitive function and its mechanisms of action are unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of LA on middle cerebral artery occlusion- (MCAO-) induced cognitive impairment and its mechanisms of action. Transient focal cerebral ischemia was modeled in adult Sprague-Dawley rats by MCAO. After LA or manual-acupuncture (MA) treatment at the GV20 and HT7 for 2 weeks, hippocampal-dependent memory was evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM) test. The hippocampus was dissected to analyze choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunoreactivity and Creb, Bdnf, Bcl-2, and Bax gene expressions. MWM test demonstrated a significant improvement in hippocampal-dependent memory in the MCAO rats after LA treatment. LA treatment significantly reversed the postischemic decrease in ChAT immunoreactivity in the hippocampal CA1 region. LA treatment significantly normalized gene expression in the hippocampus which had been altered by MCAO, especially upregulating gene expression of Creb, Bdnf, and Bcl-2 and downregulating gene expression of Bax. This study suggests that LA treatment could improve cognitive impairment in MCAO rats to enhance the cholinergic system in the hippocampal CA1 region and to exert a neuroprotective effect by regulating Creb, Bdnf, Bcl-2, and Bax gene expressions.
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Ravindran AV, Balneaves LG, Faulkner G, Ortiz A, McIntosh D, Morehouse RL, Ravindran L, Yatham LN, Kennedy SH, Lam RW, MacQueen GM, Milev RV, Parikh SV. Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) 2016 Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Major Depressive Disorder: Section 5. Complementary and Alternative Medicine Treatments. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2016; 61:576-87. [PMID: 27486153 PMCID: PMC4994794 DOI: 10.1177/0706743716660290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) conducted a revision of the 2009 guidelines by updating the evidence and recommendations. The scope of the 2016 guidelines remains the management of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults, with a target audience of psychiatrists and other mental health professionals. METHODS Using the question-answer format, we conducted a systematic literature search focusing on systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Evidence was graded using CANMAT-defined criteria for level of evidence. Recommendations for lines of treatment were based on the quality of evidence and clinical expert consensus. "Complementary and Alternative Medicine Treatments" is the fifth of six sections of the 2016 guidelines. RESULTS Evidence-informed responses were developed for 12 questions for 2 broad categories of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) interventions: 1) physical and meditative treatments (light therapy, sleep deprivation, exercise, yoga, and acupuncture) and 2) natural health products (St. John's wort, omega-3 fatty acids; S-adenosyl-L-methionine [SAM-e], dehydroepiandrosterone, folate, Crocus sativus, and others). Recommendations were based on available data on efficacy, tolerability, and safety. CONCLUSIONS For MDD of mild to moderate severity, exercise, light therapy, St. John's wort, omega-3 fatty acids, SAM-e, and yoga are recommended as first- or second-line treatments. Adjunctive exercise and adjunctive St. John's wort are second-line recommendations for moderate to severe MDD. Other physical treatments and natural health products have less evidence but may be considered as third-line treatments. CAM treatments are generally well tolerated. Caveats include methodological limitations of studies and paucity of data on long-term outcomes and drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun V Ravindran
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | | | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Abigail Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Diane McIntosh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | | | | | - Lakshmi N Yatham
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Sidney H Kennedy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Raymond W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | | | - Roumen V Milev
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario
| | - Sagar V Parikh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Hazards of insomnia and the effects of acupuncture treatment on insomnia. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2016; 14:174-86. [DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(16)60248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ling F, Wenbin F, Zhao C, Nenggui X, Jianhua L, Aiping L, Ziping L, Shengyong S, Taixiang W, Aihua O. Curative effect of acupuncture on quality of life in patient with depression: a clinical randomized single-blind placebo-controlled study. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2016; 36:151-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(16)30021-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Frederico ÉHFF, Santos AA, Sá-Caputo DCC, Neves RF, Guimarães CAS, Chang S, Bernardo-Filho M. Laser stimulation of the acupoint 'Zusanli' (ST.36) on the radiopharmaceutical biodistribution in Wistar rats. J Biosci 2016; 41:63-8. [PMID: 26949088 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-016-9596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Laser used to stimulate acupoints is called laser acupuncture (LA). It is generally believed that similar clinical responses to manual acupuncture can be achieved. Here we analysed the effects of the laser (904 nm) at the 'Zusanli' acupoint (ST.36) of the stomach meridian on the biodistribution of the radiopharmaceutical Na(99m)TcO4. Wistar rats were divided into control (CG) and experimental groups (EG). The EG were exposed daily to the laser (904 nm) at ST.36 with 1 joule/min (40 mW/cm(2)) for 1 min. The animals of the CG were not exposed to laser at all. On the 8th day after LA, the animals were sedated and Na(99m)TcO4 was administered. After 10 min, the animals were all sacrificed and the organs removed. The radioactivity was counted in each organ to calculate the percentage of radioactivity of the injected dose per gram (%ATI/ g). Comparison of the %ATI/g in EG and CG was performed by Mann-Whitney test. The %ATI/g was significantly increased in the thyroid due to the stimulation of the ST.36 by laser. It is possible to conclude that the stimulation of ST.36 does lead to biological phenomena that interfere with the metabolism of the thyroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric H F F Frederico
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Avenida 28 de Setembro, 87, 20551-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Erthal V, Maria-Ferreira D, Werner MFDP, Baggio CH, Nohama P. Anti-inflammatory effect of laser acupuncture in ST36 (Zusanli) acupoint in mouse paw edema. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:315-22. [PMID: 26738499 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1845-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in acupuncture is a low-power laser applied to acupoints for providing luminous energy, capable to produce photobiological induction that results in biochemical, bioelectric, and bioenergetic effects. ST36 (Zusanli) is a point of acupuncture commonly used for treatment of several pathological alterations, such as inflammation, acute pain, and gastrointestinal disorders. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of LLLT (830 nm, 4 J/cm(2)) in ST36 acupoint through the model of carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice and the possible mechanisms involved. Female Swiss mice were treated with LLLT in ST36 before the paw edema induction, which was measured by means of a digital micrometer and the temperature through a high-resolution digital thermograph. After this, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were quantified. In another set of experiments, the paw edema was induced by bradykinin, histamine, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). LLLT in ST36 acupoint significantly inhibited the edema formation for 4 h after the carrageenan injection and reduced the paw temperature in 10 %. Furthermore, LLLT also reduced the levels of ROS (55 %) and LOOH (50 %) but, however, did not alter the GSH levels. LLLT in ST36 reduced the paw edema induced by bradykinin (30 min, 6 %, 60 min, 7 %), histamine (30 min, 11 %), and PGE2 (90 min, 10 %, 120 min, 16 %). In conclusion, these results prove that LLLT in ST36 acupoint produces a relevant anti-inflammatory effect, reducing edema, temperature, and free radicals levels in mice paw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Erthal
- Laboratory of Medical Thermography, Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering, Federal Technological University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, 80230-901, Brazil
| | - Daniele Maria-Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Hatsuko Baggio
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Percy Nohama
- Laboratory of Medical Thermography, Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering, Federal Technological University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, 80230-901, Brazil.
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Jun MH, Kim YM, Kim JU. Modern acupuncture-like stimulation methods: a literature review. Integr Med Res 2015; 4:195-219. [PMID: 28664127 PMCID: PMC5481834 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture therapy has been proved to be effective for diverse diseases, symptoms, and conditions in numerous clinical trials. The growing popularity of acupuncture therapy has triggered the development of modern acupuncture-like stimulation devices (ASDs), which are equivalent or superior to manual acupuncture with respect to safety, decreased risk of infection, and facilitation of clinical trials. Here, we aim to summarize the research on modern ASDs, with a focus on featured devices undergoing active research and their effectiveness and target symptoms, along with annual publication rates. We searched the popular electronic databases Medline, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, and analyzed English-language studies on humans. Thereby, a total of 728 studies were identified, of which 195 studies met our inclusion criteria. Electrical stimulators were found to be the earliest and most widely studied devices (133 articles), followed by laser (44 articles), magnetic (16 articles), and ultrasound (2 articles) stimulators. A total of 114 studies used randomized controlled trials, and 109 studies reported therapeutic benefits. The majority of the studies (32%) focused on analgesia and pain-relief effects, followed by effects on brain activity (16%). All types of the reviewed ASDs were associated with increasing annual publication trends; specifically, the annual growth in publications regarding noninvasive stimulation methods was more rapid than that regarding invasive methods. Based on this observation, we anticipate that the noninvasive or minimally invasive ASDs will become more popular in acupuncture therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jaeuk U. Kim
- Corresponding author. KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdaero, Yuseong-Gu, Deajeon 305-811, Korea.
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Li F, He T, Xu Q, Lin LT, Li H, Liu Y, Shi GX, Liu CZ. What is the Acupoint? A preliminary review of Acupoints. PAIN MEDICINE 2015; 16:1905-15. [PMID: 25975413 DOI: 10.1111/pme.12761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, acupoints are specifically chosen sites of acupuncture manipulation, and also the basis for studying the mechanism of acupuncture. Stimulating different acupoints on the body surface could provide various therapeutic benefits. However, what is the acupoint? This question is not clear. REVIEW SUMMARY We focuse on examining the function of acupoints from different perspectives, including the local and the systemic effects of stimulating acupoints. For example, acupoints may release certain substances or incur some changes, which could adjust the function of organs, maintain homeostasis. Furthermore, the therapeutic effects of verum acupoints versus sham acupoints were discussed. However, due to insufficience in evidence and in current methodologies, research into mechanisms of acupuncture is still incomplete. CONCLUSION This review might explain, to some extent, what an acupoint is. Further research into the identity of acupoints is warranted, and multidisciplinary methods using novel technologies may yield significant advances over existing knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100010, China.,Graduate school, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 312, Anshan West Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Tian He
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Li-Ting Lin
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100010, China.,Graduate school, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 312, Anshan West Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Hui Li
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100010, China.,Graduate school, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 312, Anshan West Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100010, China.,Graduate school, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 312, Anshan West Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Guang-Xia Shi
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Cun-Zhi Liu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100010, China
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Schizophrenia and Depression: A systematic Review of the Effectiveness and the Working Mechanisms Behind Acupuncture. Explore (NY) 2015; 11:281-91. [PMID: 26007331 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review assessed clinical evidence for the use of acupuncture as an add-on treatment in patients with depression and schizophrenia and for its underlying working mechanisms. DATA SOURCES Four databases (Medline, Scopus, ERIC, and the Cochrane Library) were searched with a cutoff date of March 31, 2014. STUDY SELECTION Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of acupuncture treatment for depression and schizophrenia were considered for inclusion. The scarcity of acupuncture research involving schizophrenia led to the inclusion of randomized controlled trials and case studies. DATA EXTRACTION The primary and secondary aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of acupuncture in treating patients with depression or schizophrenia and the possible working mechanisms underlying acupuncture through a systematic literature review. DATA SYNTHESIS The overall clinical results on using acupuncture to treat depression are promising, but only limited evidence for its effectiveness in treating schizophrenia was found. Acupuncture improves the quality of life, particularly that of sleep, in psychiatric patients. Brain research has revealed that acupuncture has a modulating and normalizing effect on the limbic-paralimbic-neocortical network (LPNN), including the default mode network. Because the LPNN is related to sleep and emotions, this might explain the improved qualities of life and sleep after acupuncture. CONCLUSIONS From the evidence found in this study, acupuncture seems to be an effective add-on treatment in patients with depression and, to a lesser degree, in patients with schizophrenia, but large well-designed studies are needed to confirm that evidence.
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Acupuncture and depth: future direction for acupuncture research. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:871217. [PMID: 25114707 PMCID: PMC4119644 DOI: 10.1155/2014/871217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The research on acupuncture has increased steadily over the years and regular review and revision of the direction of future acupuncture research are necessary. This paper aims to review and explore the significance of acupuncture depth in modern acupuncture research. Searches conducted in Science Direct and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases reflected a lack of focus on depth of acupuncture. We propose that the research trends of acupuncture should progress to the depth of insertion. It is suggested that future acupuncture research, especially randomized controlled trials (RCTs), should take into consideration the depth of insertion. Comparison between databases using different language of medium suggests the need for international collaboration of researchers from the same field. It is also crucial to inherit and innovate traditional medicine (TM) through modern technology. The use of bibliometric method is also suitable for development of TM research trends. Acupuncture and depth should be considered as one of the future directions of acupuncture research.
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Quah-Smith I. Laser Ear Acupuncture: How Much is Enough? A Prospective Observational Study on Laser Dosages Required in the Healing Patient During Posturology and During the Treatment of Mental Distress. Med Acupunct 2014. [DOI: 10.1089/acu.2014.1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Im Quah-Smith
- Centre for Healthy Brain Aging, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Randwick, and Roseville Wellness Group, Roseville, both in New South Wales Australia
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Deligiannidis KM, Freeman MP. Complementary and alternative medicine therapies for perinatal depression. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2014; 28:85-95. [PMID: 24041861 PMCID: PMC3992885 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Complementary and alternative medicine therapies are increasingly sought out by people with psychiatric disorders. In this chapter, we review the evidence for several commonly used CAM therapies (i.e. omega-3 fatty acids, folate, S-adenosyl-methionine, St John's Wort, bright light therapy, exercise, massage, and acupuncture) in the treatment of perinatal depression. A number of these treatments may be reasonable to consider for women during pregnancy or postpartum, but the safety and efficacy of these relative to standard treatments must still be systematically determined. Evidence-based use of complementary and alternative medicine therapies treatments for perinatal depression is discussed. Adequately powered systematic studies are necessary to determine the role of complementary and alternative medicine therapies in the treatment of perinatal depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M Deligiannidis
- Center for Psychopharmacologic Research and Treatment, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, North Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Women's Mental Health Specialty Clinic, University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA.
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Manual acupuncture and laser acupuncture for autonomic regulations in rats: observation on heart rate variability and gastric motility. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:276320. [PMID: 24348694 PMCID: PMC3857851 DOI: 10.1155/2013/276320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the effects of laser acupuncture (LA) and manual acupuncture (MA) at different acupoints on gastric motility and heart rate variability (HRV) simultaneously to elucidate the site specific effects of acupoints and the correlation between changes of gastric motility and low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio. Gastric motility and HRV were recorded before and during MA or LA. Stimulating PC-6 or ST-36 significantly enhanced gastric motility, while BL-21 caused no changes. In contrast, MA or LA at CV-12 significantly suppressed gastric motility. Stimulating PC-6 or ST-36 significantly increased heart rate (HR), while CV-12 or BL-21 induced no significant changes of HR. Stimulating PC-6 significantly increased LF/HF, while ST-36, CV-12, or BL-21 induced no significant effects. These results indicated that there was acupoint specificity in the effects of acupuncture on gastric motility and HRV. The stimulatory effect of MA and LA at PC-6 and ST-36 on HR was associated with sympathetic activity. The stimulatory effect of MA or LA at PC-6 or ST-36 on gastric motility was associated with vagal activity. Laser needle can be used as an alternative stimulation therapy.
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Luberto CM, White C, Sears RW, Cotton S. Integrative medicine for treating depression: an update on the latest evidence. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2013; 15:391. [PMID: 23943471 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-013-0391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Integrative medicine (IntM) is a growing medical trend combining conventional medical approaches with evidence-based complementary therapies to promote well-being. Over half of individuals with depression use some form of IntM for symptom management. The purpose of the current study was to critically review the scientific evidence for IntM techniques in treating adult unipolar depression. We examined randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published in the last one to three years using PsychINFO, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases. The strongest evidence currently exists for mindfulness-based interventions and St. John's Wort (SJW) as monotherapies, and there is relatively strong evidence to support the use of omega-3 fatty acids and exercise as adjunct therapies. However, there remains an overall lack of methodologically rigorous research to support the efficacy of many other IntM techniques. Providers should be aware that many patients use IntM techniques for depression treatment and inquire regularly about such use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Luberto
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, PO Box 210376, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0376, USA.
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