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Ramdas DL, Sbrilli MD, Laurent HK. Impact of maternal trauma-related psychopathology and life stress on HPA axis stress response. Arch Womens Ment Health 2022; 25:121-128. [PMID: 34365527 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-021-01169-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To understand and curb intergenerational transmission of stress-related disorder, it is important to identify how trauma-related psychopathology in mothers impacts their psychophysiological stress regulation, particularly in the context of parenting their infants. In this study we investigated associations between mothers' trauma-related psychopathology and life stress and HPA axis response to a personally relevant stressor (infant separation stress) in a non-clinical sample followed longitudinally postpartum. A community sample of low-income mothers (n = 73) and their infants completed laboratory sessions at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months postnatal, and salivary cortisol samples collected before and after dyadic stress tasks at the latter three sessions. These tasks were used to assess HPA function. A three-level hierarchical linear model of repeated cortisol measures nested within sessions within mother-infant dyads did not reveal significant main effects of trauma-related psychopathology on maternal cortisol response, but there was evidence that both a clinical interviewer-rated diagnosis of PTSD and ongoing self-reported trauma symptoms blunted effects of life events on cortisol reactivity. Region of significance analyses indicated that current life stress predicted more pronounced cortisol reactivity only among mothers without trauma-related psychopathology; for those with trauma-related psychopathology, life stress did not relate to cortisol response. Effects held when controlling for childhood trauma and previous (prenatal) maternal distress symptoms, suggesting they did not reflect ongoing impacts of past trauma exposure and/or psychopathology. Blunting effects of trauma-related psychopathology on maternal life stress responsiveness may help clarify how stress sensitivities and mental health are transmitted from parent to child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn L Ramdas
- Psychiatry Department, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Marissa D Sbrilli
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois At Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Heidemarie K Laurent
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.,Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Ciciolla L, Shreffler KM, Tiemeyer S. Maternal Childhood Adversity as a Risk for Perinatal Complications and NICU Hospitalization. J Pediatr Psychol 2021; 46:801-813. [PMID: 34304270 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine maternal childhood adversity in relation to increased risk for maternal and infant perinatal complications and newborn Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) admittance. METHODS A sample of 164 women recruited at their first prenatal appointment participated in a longitudinal study through 6 weeks postdelivery. Participants self-reported on their adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), negative health risks (overweight/obesity, smoking, and alcohol use), adverse infant outcomes, NICU admittance, and maternal perinatal complications across three pregnancy assessments and one post-birth assessment. Logistic binomial regression analyses were used to examine associations between maternal ACEs and adverse infant outcomes, NICU admittance, and maternal perinatal complications, controlling for pregnancy-related health risks. RESULTS Findings showed that women with severe ACEs exposure (6+ ACEs) had 4 times the odds of reporting at least one adverse infant outcome (odds ratio [OR] = 4.33, 95% CI: 1.02-18.39), almost 9 times the odds of reporting a NICU admission (OR = 8.70, 95% CI: 1.34-56.65), and 4 times the odds of reporting at least one maternal perinatal outcome (OR = 4.37, 95% CI: 1.43-13.39). CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate the extraordinary risk that mothers' ACEs pose for infant and maternal health outcomes over and above the associations with known maternal health risks during pregnancy, including overweight/obesity, smoking, and alcohol use. These results support a biological intergenerational transmission framework, which suggests that risk from maternal adversity is perpetuated in the next generation through biophysical and behavioral mechanisms during pregnancy that negatively affect infant health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karina M Shreffler
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Oklahoma State University
| | - Stacy Tiemeyer
- Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Adversity, Oklahoma State University-Center for Health Sciences
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Indriayani I, Rachmawati IN, Rahmah H. Postpartum bonding in father with baby in the East Jakarta sub-district's community health center. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2021. [PMID: 33849227 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The father's ability to form bonds both physically and emotionally with his baby is a condition that is very important for the development of a father's mental health. This study aims to identify postpartum bonding images in fathers and infants. This study used a cross-sectional design with consequtive sampling, which conducted to390 fathers who had babies aged three to six months. This research was conducted in the East Jakarta Sub-District Community Health Center from March to June 2019. The instruments used in this study were modified from the English-language Postpartum Bonding Questionaires (PBQ). The results of this study found that the images of the father's relationship with the baby, in which about 142 fathers (36.4%), had a bad bond. The study is expected to provide motivation for fathers to bond with babies from the wife's pregnancy to prevent the occurrence of paternal depression in the postpartum period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iis Indriayani
- Faculty of Nursing Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Hayuni Rahmah
- Faculty of Nursing Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
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NEJAD FATEMEKHAJOEI, SHAHRAKI KATAYOUNALIDOUSTI, NEJAD PARVINSALEHI, MOGHADDAM NOSHIRVANKHEZRI, JAHANI YONES, DIVSALAR PARISA. The influence of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on stress, anxiety and depression due to unwanted pregnancy: a randomized clinical trial. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2021; 62:E82-E88. [PMID: 34322621 PMCID: PMC8283654 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.1.1691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Individuals with unwanted pregnancies often experience high levels of anxiety, stress and depression that associated with maternal-neonatal outcomes. Mindfulness training is a safe and acceptable strategy to support mental health before parturition. Purpose The main objective of present study was to evaluate the influence of eight-week application of mindfulness-based stress reduction on stress, anxiety and depression caused by unplanned pregnancy. Method In this study, 60 women with unwanted pregnancy before 32 weeks of gestational age were selected and randomly divided into two groups. Intervention group received MBSR sessions, practice at home and the recorded sound. Mental health was evaluated before intervention and at the end of the eight sessions by standard stress, anxiety and depression DASS-21 questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests. Findings In order to compare pre-test and post-test scores in each group, the Wilcoxon Test was used. The results revealed that the participants in the intervention group reported a significant decrease in mean scores of stress, anxiety and depression compared to baseline (P = 0.0). Whereas no significant decrease in mean stress, anxiety and depression score were found in control group. P-value was estimated to be 0.346, 0.212 and 0.343 respectively. Conclusions The mindfulness program has effectively reduced stress, anxiety and depression. Further research is needed to investigate the mechanisms and effects of mindfulness on maternal-neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- FATEME KHAJOEI NEJAD
- Nursing Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - KATAYOUN ALIDOUSTI SHAHRAKI
- Midwifery Department, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran
- Correspondence: Katayoun Alidousti Shahraki, Midwifery Department, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran - Tel.: 09132421749 - Fax: 03431325218 - E-mail: -
| | - PARVIN SALEHI NEJAD
- Department of Midwifery, Razi School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - YONES JAHANI
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran - Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - PARISA DIVSALAR
- Assistant professor of psychiatry, fellowship of psychosomatic Medicine, MD, Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Department of Psychiatry, School of medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Barnhart WR, Braden AL, Dial LA. Understanding the relationship between negative emotional eating and binge eating: The moderating effects of acting with awareness and non-reactive mindfulness. J Clin Psychol 2021; 77:1954-1972. [PMID: 33561322 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Negative emotional eating and binge eating are positively related, occur in diverse populations, and may be driven by similar mechanisms. Mindfulness facets such as acting with awareness, describe, non-judgement, non-reactive, and observe may moderate the relationship between these maladaptive eating phenotypes. METHOD A cross-sectional study assessed emotional eating-depression (Emotional Eating Scale-Revised, depression subscale), trait mindfulness facets (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form), and binge eating severity (Binge Eating Scale) in adults (N = 258). RESULTS Emotional eating-depression was less strongly associated with binge eating severity in participants with higher acting with awareness mindfulness. Emotional eating-depression was more strongly associated with binge eating severity in participants with higher non-reactive mindfulness. CONCLUSIONS Acting with awareness and non-reactive mindfulness may be important treatment targets in concurrent presentations of emotional eating-depression and binge eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley R Barnhart
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA
| | - Abby L Braden
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA
| | - Lauren A Dial
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA
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Effects of a mindfulness based childbirth and parenting program on pregnant women's perceived stress and risk of perinatal depression-Results from a randomized controlled trial. J Affect Disord 2020; 262:133-142. [PMID: 31733457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of a Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting Program (MBCP) in reducing pregnant women's perceived stress and preventing perinatal depression compared to an active control condition. METHOD First time pregnant women (n = 197) at risk of perinatal depression were randomized to MBCP or an active control treatment, which consisted of a Lamaze childbirth class. At baseline and post-intervention, participants filled out questionnaires on perceived stress, depressive symptoms, positive states of mind, and five facets of mindfulness. RESULTS Compared to the active control treatment, MBCP significantly reduced perceived stress (p = 0.038, d = 0.30) and depressive symptoms (p = 0.004, d = 0.42), and increased positive states of mind (p = 0.005, d = 0.41) and self-reported mindfulness (p = 0.039, d = 0.30). Moreover, change in mindfulness possibly mediated the treatment effects of MBCP on stress, depression symptoms, and positive states of mind. The subscales "non-reactivity to inner experience" and "non-judging of experience" seemed to have the strongest mediating effects. LIMITATIONS The outcomes were self-report questionnaires, the participants were not blinded to treatment condition and the condition was confounded by number of sessions. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that MBCP is more effective in decreasing perceived stress and risk of perinatal depression compared to a Lamaze childbirth class. The results also contribute to our understanding of the underlying psychological mechanisms through which the reduction of stress and depression symptoms may operate. Thus, this study increases our knowledge about efficient intervention strategies to prevent perinatal depression and promote mental wellbeing among pregnant women.
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Carpenter JK, Conroy K, Gomez AF, Curren LC, Hofmann SG. The relationship between trait mindfulness and affective symptoms: A meta-analysis of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). Clin Psychol Rev 2019; 74:101785. [PMID: 31751877 PMCID: PMC6878205 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Trait mindfulness appears to be related to lower levels of negative affective symptoms, but it remains uncertain which facets of mindfulness are most important in this relationship. Accordingly, the present meta-analysis examined studies reporting correlations between affective symptoms and trait mindfulness as assessed by the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. A comprehensive search yielded 148 eligible studies, comprising 157 distinct samples and 44,075 participants. The weighted mean correlation for affective symptoms and overall trait mindfulness was r = -0.53. Among mindfulness facets, Nonjudge (r = -0.48) and Act with Awareness (r = -0.47) demonstrated the largest correlations, followed by Nonreact (r = -0.33) and Describe (r = -0.29). Observe was not significantly correlated with affective symptoms. No significant differences in the strength of correlations were found between anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, though symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder exhibited a weaker negative relationship with the Describe facet compared to PTSD symptoms. Describe also showed a stronger relationship with affective symptoms in Eastern samples compared to Western samples, whereas Western samples had a stronger relationship with Nonjudge. These results provide insight into the nature of the association between trait mindfulness and negative affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph K Carpenter
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristina Conroy
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angelina F Gomez
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura C Curren
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefan G Hofmann
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
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Wong K, Hicks LM, Seuntjens TG, Trentacosta CJ, Hendriksen THG, Zeelenberg M, van den Heuvel MI. The Role of Mindful Parenting in Individual and Social Decision-Making in Children. Front Psychol 2019; 10:550. [PMID: 30949094 PMCID: PMC6435956 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Children are confronted with an increasing amount of choices every day, which can be stressful. Decision-making skills may be one of the most important “21st century skills” that children need to master to ensure success. Many aspects of decision-making, such as emotion regulation during stressful situations, develop in the context of caregiver-child interactions. This study examined whether mindful parenting predicts children’s individual and social decision-making. The current study included 63 mother-child dyads from The Netherlands (Child Mage = 5.11, SD = 0.88, 50.8% girls). Mothers completed the Dutch version of the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IM-P). A “Choice Task” was developed to measure individual decision-making skills, and a “Sharing Task” was created to measure social decision-making in young children. Higher maternal mindful parenting significantly predicted more sharing after controlling for covariates (child age, sex, SES, maternal education level; Wald = 4.505, p = 0.034). No main effect of maternal mindful parenting was found for any of the individual decision-making measures. These findings suggest that mindful parenting supports children’s social decision-making. Future research should investigate if the combination of mindful parenting and children’s early decision-making skills predict key developmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristyn Wong
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Bradley Research Center, E. P. Bradley Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Laurel M Hicks
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | | | | | | | - Marcel Zeelenberg
- Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands.,Department of Marketing, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Hicks LM, Dayton CJ. Mindfulness and trauma symptoms predict child abuse potential in risk-exposed, men and women during pregnancy. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2019; 90:43-51. [PMID: 30738238 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly a third of adults report childhood trauma in their youth and approximately 700,000 cases of child maltreatment were reported in 2016. Both history of childhood trauma and current trauma symptoms in adults are linked to child maltreatment, although many trauma-exposed individuals are warm and nurturing parents. Identifying resiliency factors in adults with risk factors for harsh parenting may illuminate new pathways to sensitive parenting. Mindfulness is reported to improve trauma and mental health symptoms but the relationship between mindfulness, trauma, and child abuse potential is not yet understood. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between mindfulness, childhood trauma experiences, trauma symptoms and child abuse potential. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Our participants were 102 expectant parents recruiting from obstetric clinics and agencies Detroit, MI (58.8% African American, 27.5% Caucasian). METHOD Bivariate correlations were examined using validated, self-report questionnaires. Significant variables were included in a hierarchical linear regression to identify predicting factors that contribute to child abuse potential scores. RESULTS Significant correlations between child abuse potential with current trauma symptoms (r = .53, p < .01) and mindfulness (r = -.32, p < .01) were found, but no link with past childhood trauma experiences and child abuse potential were identified. The model significantly predicts child abuse potential (ΔR2 = .10, F(5, 96), = 12.48, p < .001). Trauma symptoms (B = .09, p < .001, 95% confidence interval [CI][-.40, -.07]) and mindfulness nonreactivity (B = -.24, p < .01, 95% CI[.05, .14]) predicted higher potential for child abuse scores. CONCLUSION Findings suggest increased mindfulness, especially nonreactivity to one's own thoughts, may be an important factor to protect against child abuse potential. Interventions to increase parental mindfulness may reduce child abuse potential and improve child well-being, but further mechanistic research is needed to determine this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel M Hicks
- Wayne State University, School of Social Work, Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, 5447 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
| | - Carolyn J Dayton
- Wayne State University, School of Social Work, Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, 5447 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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Hicks LM, Swales DA, Garcia SE, Driver C, Davis EP. Does Prenatal Maternal Distress Contribute to Sex Differences in Child Psychopathology? Curr Psychiatry Rep 2019; 21:7. [PMID: 30729361 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-019-0992-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Prenatal maternal psychological distress is an established risk factor for the development of psychopathology in offspring. The purpose of this review is to evaluate whether sex differences in fetal responses to maternal distress contribute to sex differences in subsequent psychopathology. RECENT FINDINGS Male and female fetuses respond differently to stress signals. We review recent evidence that demonstrates a sex-specific pattern of association between prenatal maternal distress and pathways associated with risk for psychopathology including offspring hypothalamic pituitary adrenocortical (HPA) axis regulation, brain development, and negative emotionality. Prenatal maternal distress exerts sex-specific consequences on the fetus. These differences may contribute to the well-established sex differences in psychopathology and in particular to greater female vulnerability to develop internalizing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel M Hicks
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race Street, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Danielle A Swales
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race Street, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Sarah E Garcia
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race Street, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Camille Driver
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race Street, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Elysia Poggi Davis
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race Street, Denver, CO, 80208, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, One University Drive, Orange, CA, 92866, USA.
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