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Seidel L, Cawley EI, Blanchard C. Enduring education and employment: Examining motivation and mechanisms of psychological resilience. Scand J Psychol 2024; 65:617-627. [PMID: 38361344 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Resilience, the ability to bounce back from difficult events, is critical for an individual to negotiate stressors and adversity. Despite being widely studied, little is known about the processes involved in the development of resilience. The goal of the studies are to investigate the relationship between motivation orientation, emotional intelligence, cognitive appraisals, and psychological resilience. Two studies, using self-report questionnaires were conducted with employed young adults also enrolled in post-secondary studies (pre- and during the pandemic) to test the tenability of our proposed models. Study 1 and Study 2 showed that emotional intelligence and challenge appraisals were mediators of autonomous motivation and resilience. Study 2 revealed statistically significant differences in mean scores of autonomous motivation and emotional intelligence between non-pandemic students and pandemic students. Based on the findings, it is suggested that autonomous motivation, emotional intelligence, and challenge appraisals are important aptitudes for the development of resilience. Furthermore, findings suggest that social isolation caused by the pandemic may have affected levels of emotional intelligence. Ultimately, the research expands the literature on both self-determination theory and resilience by offering a unique multiple mediation model for predicting the development of resilience within the employed undergraduate population.
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Zhang HL, Liu F, Lang HJ. The relationship between role ambiguity and anxiety in intensive care unit nurses: The mediating role of emotional intelligence. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2024; 81:103597. [PMID: 38029677 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2023.103597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Role ambiguity is recognized as a significant psychological risk stressor in nursing practice, which undermines the psychological well-being of nurses. Since the well-being of nurses plays a crucial role in ensuring positive patient outcomes, it becomes imperative to identify strategies for improving nurses' psychological well-being. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the effects of role ambiguity on anxiety in intensive care unit nurses and the mechanisms mediating emotional intelligence. METHODS In April-June 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to collect data from 360 intensive care unit nurses in a total of 7 hospitals in Shaanxi Province, Hunan Province, Beijing, and Jiangsu Province, China. A linear regression model was used to verify the mediating effect. RESULTS Role ambiguity was significantly and positively associated with anxiety in ICU nurses (p < 0.01). A mediating mechanism between role ambiguity and anxiety was established for emotional intelligence (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Role ambiguity has a significant impact on the mental health of intensive care nurses, and emotional intelligence plays a mediating role in reducing role ambiguity and anxiety in nurses. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE This study highlights that role ambiguity in the intensive care unit setting increases nurses' anxiety, while emotional intelligence alleviates the anxiety associated with role ambiguity. Creating support systems and improving the environment is a top priority for nursing administrators. This includes, but is not limited to, clarifying the roles of nurses, conducting social-emotional training, and developing emotional intelligence to prevent and regulate nurses' anxiety and maintain mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Zhang
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China; Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.
| | - Hong-Juan Lang
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Ding H, Xu Z, Hu W, Guo Y, Wang C, Li S, Hui Z, Wang J, Peng X, Xia W. Changes of stressful life events, coping strategies and mental health among youths in the pre- and post-coronavirus 2019 pandemic era: A cross-sectional study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:2018-2030. [PMID: 37528555 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231188321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the pandemic era, stressful life events (StressLEv) aggravated the impact on mental health. However, youths exhibited different responses to StressLEv because of diverse coping strategies, social support, and emotional intelligence before and after the pandemic. AIMS To explore the changes in StressLEv and coping strategies before and after the coronavirus 2019 pandemic, as well as report the associations among mental health and related factors in a sample of Chinese youths experiencing the post-pandemic era. METHOD A cross-sectional study using convenience sampling was conducted from July 1 to August 30, 2022, covering 3,038 youths aged 14 to 25 in China. Multiple logistic regression was conducted for crude odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted ORs. The relationships between lasso-selected variables was examined using structural equation modeling. RESULTS More StressLEv and limited coping strategies were reported after the pandemic. In the post-pandemic era, BSI-positive youths (youths diagnosed as considered case by Brief Symptom Inventory, BSI) reported more StressLEv (BSI-positive: mean = 75.47; BSI-negative: mean = 28.69), less social support (BSI-positive: mean = 31.81; BSI-negative: mean = 39.22), and lower emotional intelligence (BSI-positive: mean = 75.34; BSI-negative: mean = 89.42). The willingness to engage in mental health counseling (OR: no vs. yes: 1.89; uncertain vs. yes: 4.42), being punished (OR: 1.27), adaptation problems (OR: 1.06), task-oriented coping (OR: 0.95), social diversion coping (OR: 0.90), objective support (OR: 0.90), utilization of social support (OR: 0.81), and regulation of emotion in oneself (OR: 0.94) were associated with mental health. Structural equation modeling supported our theoretical framework. CONCLUSIONS Pandemic-induced mental health problems should not be ignored. The proposed response mechanisms could guide the development of effective interventions, which can help youths better cope with StressLEv and maintain good mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hexiao Ding
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ziruo Xu
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wangjing Hu
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yannan Guo
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Cailing Wang
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sicheng Li
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhengyang Hui
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinran Peng
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Xia
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Ma J, Khan AR, Zhang HJ, Jun Z, Abonazel MR, Ahmad MS, Tageldin EM, Alzahran ARR. Exploring the potential impact of group identity on post-traumatic growth in the aftermath of Corona outbreak: function of social-emotional competence as a mediator. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1282462. [PMID: 37900048 PMCID: PMC10602683 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1282462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This research endeavors to examine the potential effects of human and societal interactions on individuals' post-traumatic growth in the aftermath of the Corona outbreak. To achieve the aforementioned objective, the current research investigates the correlations between post-traumatic growth and group identity, while also examining the potential mediating function of social-emotional competence. Methods A cross-sectional design included a representative sample of 2,637 high school students located in the capital territory of Pakistan using convenience sampling method. To explore the associations, correlation and mediation analyzes utilizing the group identification scale, the social-emotional competence scale, and the post-traumatic growth scale was performed with SPSS PROCESS 4 macro and AMOS. Results The findings demonstrated that group identification emerged as a substantial predictor substantially associated with post-traumatic growth. Moreover, the relationship linking group identification and post-traumatic growth was found to be partially moderated by social-emotional competence. Conclusion The phenomenon of group identification can exert influence on post-traumatic growth through both direct and mediating pathways, with the latter being essentially mediated by social-emotional competence. The aforementioned outcomes possess significant academic and practical implications concerning the promotion of post-traumatic growth and the improvement of psychological well-being after the Corona outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfu Ma
- Pakistan Studies Center, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ahsan Riaz Khan
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National United Engineering Laboratory for Biomedical Material Modification, Branden Industrial Park, Qihe Economic and Development Zone, Dezhou, China
| | - Hai-Jun Zhang
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National United Engineering Laboratory for Biomedical Material Modification, Branden Industrial Park, Qihe Economic and Development Zone, Dezhou, China
| | - Zhang Jun
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Mohamed R. Abonazel
- Department of Applied Statistics and Econometrics, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Elsayed M. Tageldin
- Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali Rashash R. Alzahran
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
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Zhou X, Chen Y, Zhu L, An Z, Zhang J, Ge J. The Association Between Group Identity and Post-Traumatic Growth in the Post COVID-19 Era: The Mediating Effect of Social-Emotional Competence. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:2869-2882. [PMID: 37534300 PMCID: PMC10390763 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s419484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the impact of human-society relationships on individual post-traumatic growth (PTG) in the post COVID-19 era, this study examined the association between group identity (GI) and PTG, and explored the mediating role of social-emotional competence (SEC). Patients and Methods In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed 1203 high school students in an eastern region of China using the GI Scale, the SEC Scale, and the PTG Scale. We conducted correlation and mediation analyses using SPSS 23.0 and PROCESS software. Results The results indicated that GI was a significant positive predictor of PTG (β=0.219, p<0.001), and that the pathway between GI and PTG was partially mediated by SEC (Effect=0.074, 95% CI= [0.045,0.104]). Conclusion GI can have both direct and indirect effects on PTG, with the latter mediated by SEC. These findings hold important theoretical and practical implications for promoting PTG and enhancing mental health in the post COVID-19 era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifei Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lidong Zhu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenni An
- College of Education and Human Development, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianzhen Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Ge
- College of Education and Human Development, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
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Castiglioni M, Caldiroli CL, Procaccia R, Conte F, Neimeyer RA, Zamin C, Paladino A, Negri A. The Up-Side of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Are Core Belief Violation and Meaning Making Associated with Post-Traumatic Growth? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5991. [PMID: 37297595 PMCID: PMC10252371 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20115991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health has been extensively documented, while its possible positive impact on the individual, defined as Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG), has been much less investigated. The present study examines the association between PTG and socio-demographic aspects, pre-pandemic psychological adjustment, stressors directly linked to COVID-19 and four psychological factors theoretically implicated in the change processes (core belief violation, meaning-making, vulnerability and mortality perception). During the second wave of the pandemic 680 medical patients completed an online survey on direct and indirect COVID-19 stressors, health and demographic information, post-traumatic growth, core belief violation, meaning-making capacity, feelings of vulnerability and perceptions of personal mortality. Violation of core beliefs, feelings of vulnerability and mortality, and pre-pandemic mental illness positively correlated with post-traumatic growth. Moreover, the diagnosis of COVID-19, stronger violation of core beliefs, greater meaning-making ability, and lower pre-existing mental illness predicted greater PTG. Finally, a moderating effect of meaning-making ability was found. The clinical implications were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Castiglioni
- Department of Human Sciences “R. Massa”, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy;
| | | | | | - Federica Conte
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy;
| | | | - Claudia Zamin
- Italian Society of Relationship Psychoanalysis, 20135 Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Paladino
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy (A.N.)
| | - Attà Negri
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy (A.N.)
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Dong Z, Zhou J, Conti A, Westwood SJ, Fu X, Liu Q, Yuan Y, Huang X, Qiu C, Zhang X, Tang W. Association between alexithymia and non-suicidal self-injury in psychiatric patients: the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of emotional intelligence. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 162:57-64. [PMID: 37088044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Raffagnato's theory claims that if people have no words to express their emotions (alexithymia), they express themselves by venting or through non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). However, these associations have not been confirmed in psychiatric patients. This study explored the relationship between alexithymia and NSSI in psychiatric patients and the potential underlying psychological mechanisms. METHODS This retrospective study involved face-to-face interviews with 449 outpatients consecutively recruited from West China Hospital. Alexithymia, self-esteem, NSSI, and emotional intelligence (EI) were measured. The moderating role of EI and the mediating role of self-esteem between alexithymia and NSSI were also explored. Logistic regressions were used to examine whether sociodemographic, clinical variables and alexithymia were independently associated with NSSI. RESULTS The DSM-5 NSSI disorder and alexithymia prevalences were found to be 32.5% and 45.2%. When the other covariables were controlled for, the alexithymic patients were found to be at increased odds (OR 2.76) of engaging in NSSI behaviors. These results confirmed the strong associations between alexithymia, low self-esteem, and NSSI risk. Lower EI was found to be related to the connections between alexithymia and NSSI. Except for the lower risk in anxiety patients, the risk of NSSI was similar for patients with other mental disorders, CONCLUSION: This study revealed the psychological mechanisms through which alexithymia increases the risk of NSSI. Therefore, to reduce NSSI risk, screening for alexithymia should be emphasized. Self-esteem as a targeted psychological intervention could also assist in mitigating the process from alexithymia to NSSI behaviors, and EI training for psychiatric patients could weaken the relationship between alexithymia and NSSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiquan Dong
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Leshan People's Hospital, Leshan, Sichuan, China
| | - Aldo Conti
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Samuel J Westwood
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Science, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Xia Fu
- Out-patient Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Out-patient Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanling Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjian Qiu
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanjie Tang
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Ni T, Chen J, Tang W. Alexithymia and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in Chinese undergraduate students during the COVID-19 national lockdown: The mediating role of sleep problems and the moderating role of self-esteem. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1040935. [PMID: 36438324 PMCID: PMC9691979 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1040935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined whether sleep disturbance was a mediator between alexithymic traits and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) COVID-19 pandemic-related stress symptoms, and explored whether self-esteem moderated the alexithymic contribution to poor sleep and PTSD symptoms. METHOD A representative sample of young adults (N = 2,485) from six universities in Southwest China completed online self-report surveys on alexithymia, sleep, PTSD, self-esteem, sociodemographic information, and health-related behaviors. RESULTS High alexithymic young adults were found to be more likely to have higher sleep problems and higher PTSD symptoms. The moderated mediation model showed that sleep problems mediated the associations between alexithymia and PTSD symptoms. Alexithymic people with lower self-esteem were more likely to have elevated PTSD symptoms and sleep problems than those with higher self-esteem. CONCLUSION Targeted psychological interventions for young people who have difficulty expressing and identifying emotions are recommended as these could assist in reducing their post-traumatic psychophysical and psychological problems. Improving self-esteem could also offer some protection for trauma-exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- School of Economics and Business Administration, Yibin University, Yibin, China,School of Business, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yijin Zhao
- Mental Health Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Division of Accounting, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Ni
- School of Business, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China,College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Psychology and Education, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Jing Chen,
| | - Wanjie Tang
- Mental Health Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Jing Chen,
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Yılmaz‐Karaman İG, Yastıbaş‐Kaçar C, Ece İnce F. Posttraumatic growth levels of healthcare workers in two periods with different intensities of COVID-19 pandemic. Psych J 2022; 12:297-306. [PMID: 36210343 PMCID: PMC9874446 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic threatens health-care workers' (HCW) mental health and well-being. Although traumatic life events may result in psychiatric disorders, occasionally they give rise to positive changes, such as post-traumatic growth. Accordingly, the present study evaluated the traumatic stress, anxiety, and depression levels of HCWs and their post-traumatic growth levels during the pandemic. In addition, the study aimed to assess the changes in psychological outcomes during the pandemic. For this aim, the data were collected in two different periods. The first data-collection period was between May and July 2020, and the second period started in November 2020 and ended in January 2021. The sociodemographic data form, Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) were used to collect data. Sixty-six HCWs participated in the study. No significant differences appeared between the baseline scores and 6-month follow-up in the depression, anxiety, and traumatic stress levels of HCWs. Furthermore, the PTGI scores decreased significantly over time. Although the change in the psychological distress scores was not statistically significant, the depression and post-traumatic stress scores increased over time. Previous research specified an inverse-parabolic relationship between traumatic stress and PTGI. Our results support previous research; as the exposure to the stressors continues, individual traumatic stress levels increase, psychiatric disorders become frequent, and affirmative changes (like post-traumatic growth) decline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ferda Ece İnce
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineEskişehir Osmangazi UniversityEskişehirTurkey
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10
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Zeng Z, Wang X, Chen Q, Gou Y, Yuan X. Core belief challenge moderated the relationship between posttraumatic growth and adolescent academic burnout in Wenchuan area during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1005176. [PMID: 36248552 PMCID: PMC9554300 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1005176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the characteristics of posttraumatic growth (PTG) and academic burnout among adolescents in an ethnic minority area in China during the COVID-19 pandemic, and examines the moderating role of core belief challenge on the association between PTG and academic burnout. This study surveyed 941 secondary school students in Wenchuan using the posttraumatic growth inventory, adolescent academic burnout inventory, core beliefs inventory, and a self-designed demographic questionnaire. The results showed that: (1) Five months after the COVID-19 outbreak in China, the level of PTG among adolescents in the Wenchuan area was high and its prevalence was 32.3%. Among them, the dimension of perceived changes in self was the highest, and the PTG level of junior high school students was higher than that of high school students. The academic burnout level of adolescents, particularly emotional exhaustion, was also high. The academic burnout level of the high school students was higher than that of junior high school students. (2) There was a significant negative correlation between PTG and academic burnout among adolescents. (3) Core belief challenge moderated the relationship between PTG and academic burnout. PTG had a significant negative predictive effect on adolescents’ academic burnout only when the core belief challenge was above a moderate level. These results showed the uniqueness of PTG and psychological behavioral problems of adolescents in ethnic minority areas during the COVID-19 pandemic. They also emphasized the key role of core belief challenge in the process of PTG in reducing adolescents’ academic burnout. Based on these results, recommendations are provided to alleviate academic burnout among adolescents in Wenchuan against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic. While providing full play to ethnic minority cultural characteristics to promote posttraumatic growth, guiding adolescents’ value reflection and cognitive reconstruction should be focused on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Zeng
- School of Education and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- School of Education and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiuyan Chen
- School of Education and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushi Gou
- School of Education and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojiao Yuan
- School of Education and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaojiao Yuan,
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11
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Li G, Liu H, Qiu C, Tang W. Fear of COVID-19, prolonged smartphone use, sleep disturbances, and depression in the time of COVID-19: A nation-wide survey. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:971800. [PMID: 36311498 PMCID: PMC9614217 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.971800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has had a wide range of behavioral and psychological effects on the general population. This study examined the relationship between fear of COVID-19, daily smartphone use, sleep disturbance, and depression in the general population during the early stage of COVID-19. METHODS An online nation-wide survey was conducted from March 20 to April 10, 2020. Sociodemographic information, including age, gender, educational attainment, vocation, and duration of self-isolation, was collected; fear of COVID-19 and other objective exposures, daily hours of smartphone use, night sleep duration, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms were measured with structured questions and PHQ-9. There were 1,280 questionnaires in total, and 1,250 valid questionnaires remained. RESULTS The prevalence of sleep disturbance and depression were found to be 13.1 and 10.7%, respectively. Feelings of extreme fear, longer smartphone use, difficulty initiating sleep, and early morning awakening were significant risk factors for depression. Daily hours of smartphone use, difficulty initiating sleep, and early morning awakening partially mediated the association between feeling extremely scared of the pandemic and depression. CONCLUSION Psychological interventions in a major public health crisis should focus more on the subjective perception of pandemic fear. At the same time, daily smartphone use and sleep disturbances could serve as targets for monitoring and intervention for depression during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangqin Li
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Liu
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjian Qiu
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanjie Tang
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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