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Yaugel-Novoa M, Noailly B, Jospin F, Pizzorno A, Traversier A, Pozzetto B, Waeckel L, Longet S, Pillet S, Botelho-Nevers E, Rosa-Calatrava M, Bourlet T, Paul S. Impaired mucosal IgA response in patients with severe COVID-19. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2401940. [PMID: 39358866 PMCID: PMC11451292 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2401940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Several studies have investigated the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2, focusing particularly on the systemic humoral immune response and the production of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. IgA antibodies play a crucial role in protecting against respiratory viral infections but have also been associated with the pathophysiology of COVID-19. We performed a prospective study of 169 COVID-19 patients - 50 with critical/severe (ICU), 47 with moderate (Non-ICU), and 72 with asymptomatic COVID-19 - to explore the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We found that the early systemic IgA response strongly induced in patients with severe disease did not block IgG neutralization functions and activated FcRs more effectively than IgG. However, even if SIgA levels were high, mucosal IgA antibodies could not control the infection effectively in patients with severe disease. Our findings highlight the complexity of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 exhibiting high systemic levels of IgA with strong neutralizing capacity in severe cases, together with higher levels of IgA-FcR activation than in asymptomatic patients. They also suggest the need for further research to fully understand the role of IgA and its structural alterations in mucosal tissues in cases of severe disease and the impact of these antibodies on disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melyssa Yaugel-Novoa
- Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Blandine Noailly
- Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Fabienne Jospin
- Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Andrés Pizzorno
- Team VirPath, Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Lyon, France
- VirNext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Aurélien Traversier
- Team VirPath, Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Lyon, France
- VirNext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Bruno Pozzetto
- Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Saint-Etienne, France
- Infectious Agents and Hygiene Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Louis Waeckel
- Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Saint-Etienne, France
- Immunology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stéphanie Longet
- Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Sylvie Pillet
- Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Saint-Etienne, France
- Infectious Agents and Hygiene Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers
- Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Saint-Etienne, France
- Infectious Diseases Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- CIC 1408 Inserm Vaccinology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Manuel Rosa-Calatrava
- Team VirPath, Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Lyon, France
- VirNext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Bourlet
- Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Saint-Etienne, France
- Infectious Agents and Hygiene Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Saint-Etienne, France
- Immunology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- CIC 1408 Inserm Vaccinology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Lead contact
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Baykara N. Clinical Characteristics, Outcomes, and Risk Factors for Mortality in Pregnant/Puerperal Women with COVID-19 Admitted to ICU in Turkey: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study from a Middle-Income Country. J Intensive Care Med 2024; 39:577-594. [PMID: 38320979 DOI: 10.1177/08850666231222838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronaviruses have been the cause of 3 major outbreaks during the last 2 decades. Information on coronavirus diseases in pregnant women is limited, and even less is known about seriously ill pregnant women. Data are also lacking regarding the real burden of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in pregnant women from low/middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and clinical course of COVID-19 in pregnant/puerperal women admitted to ICUs in Turkey. METHODS This was a national, multicenter, retrospective study. The study population comprised all SARS-CoV-2-infected pregnant/puerperal women admitted to participating ICUs between 1 March 2020 and 1 January 2022. Data regarding demographics, comorbidities, illness severity, therapies, extrapulmonary organ injuries, non-COVID-19 infections, and maternal and fetal/neonatal outcomes were recorded. LASSO logistic regression and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictive variables in terms of ICU mortality. RESULTS A total of 597 patients (341 pregnant women, 255 puerperal women) from 59 ICUs in 44 hospitals were included and of these patients, 87.1% were unvaccinated. The primary reason for ICU admission was acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in 522 (87.4%), acute hypoxemic respiratory failure plus shock in 14 (2.3%), ischemic cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in 5 (0.8%), preeclampsia/eclampsia/HELLP syndrome in 6 (1.0%), and post-caesarean follow-up in 36 (6.0%). Nonsurvivors were sicker than survivors upon ICU admission, with higher APACHE II (p < 0.001) and SOFA scores (p < 0.001). A total of 181 (30.3%) women died and 280 (46.6%) had received invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Myocardial injury, the highest SOFA score during ICU stay, LDH levels on admission, the highest levels of AST during ICU stay, average daily dose of corticosteroids, IMV, prophylactic dose anticoagulation (compared with therapeutic dose anticoagulation), PaO2/FiO2 ratio <100, pulmonary embolism, and shock were identified as predictors of mortality. Rates of premature birth (46.4%), cesarean section (53.7%), fetal distress (15.3%), stillbirth (6.5%), and low birth weight (19.4%) were high. Rates of neonatal death (8%) and respiratory distress syndrome (21%) were also high among live-born infants. CONCLUSIONS Severe/critical COVID-19 infection during the pregnancy/puerperal period was associated with high maternal mortality and fetal/neonatal complication rates in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Baykara
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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