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Ertl MM, Fresquez CL. Do Traditional Gender Role Beliefs Promote Abstinence and Sexual Health Behaviors Among Latina College Students? ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2024; 53:1141-1151. [PMID: 38157136 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02760-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Traditional gender role beliefs, or marianismo beliefs, are theorized to be largely protective against health risk behaviors, including sexual risk behaviors among Latina young adults. However, measurement differences across studies and research with heterogeneous samples of abstinent and sexually active Latina young adults have led to unclear findings. Thus, we investigated whether endorsement of certain marianismo beliefs may promote sexual health behaviors or solely promote abstinence. Guided by gender role schema theory, this study investigated the multidimensional construct of marianismo beliefs in relation to past-year abstinence from sexual activity, STI and HIV testing, and condom use among 611 Latina young adults. Results indicated that endorsement of the Virtuous and Chaste belief was associated with decreased odds of sexual activity (i.e., increased odds of being abstinent) in the past year. None of the five marianismo beliefs were significantly linked with condom use. Among sexually active participants, the Virtuous and Chaste belief was associated with decreased likelihood to be tested for both STIs and HIV in the past year. Findings support the notion that certain marianismo beliefs (e.g., the Virtuous and Chaste belief) may promote abstinence, yet pose a risk for sexual health via reduced likelihood for STI and HIV testing. Results may inform culturally-tailored HIV prevention interventions with Latinas to reduce the disproportionate HIV burden in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Ertl
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, N218 Elliott Hall, 75 E River Pkwy, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, University at Albany-State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Cara L Fresquez
- Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, University at Albany-State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
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Nydegger LA, Kidane H, Benitez S, Yuan M, Claborn KR. A Qualitative Exploration of PrEP Interests, Barriers, and Interventions Among Black and Latina Cisgender Women in the U.S. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2024; 53:771-783. [PMID: 37796358 PMCID: PMC10844362 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02712-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Black and Latina cisgender women (BLCW) are disproportionally affected by HIV, particularly in the southern U.S. In Austin, Texas, Black women contract HIV 18.4 times more and Latinas 2.6 times more compared to White women. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a medication that prevents contracting HIV; however, PrEP adoption among women is low. The current qualitative study aimed to explore PrEP awareness, interest, preferred PrEP administration methods, barriers to PrEP adoption, and future programs to increase PrEP adoption and adherence among BLCW. A total of 18 BLCW at high risk for HIV were enrolled. Participants completed 3 semi-structured interviews across 3 months. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results demonstrated that BLCW had low PrEP awareness, high initial PrEP interest, and were interested in a long-acting injectable form of PrEP. Barriers to PrEP adoption included concerns regarding side effects, concerns about adherence to the currently available daily pill, and difficulty with insurance. Participants proposed different ideas for interventions, including support groups, education, community-level programs, and structural interventions. Future studies should focus on increasing PrEP awareness and HIV risk, consider alternative forms of PrEP, educate providers and medical staff on PrEP, and consider tailored interventions to reduce HIV risk among BLCW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesl A Nydegger
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Hampton House, 624 N. Broadway Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Heran Kidane
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sabrina Benitez
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mandy Yuan
- School of Human Ecology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Kasey R Claborn
- School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
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Jones SG, Jones R, Fenkl EA, Lacroix-Williams L, Simon S, Chadwell K. Acceptability of the "Love, Sex, & Choices" HIV Prevention Intervention by Hispanic Female College Students. HISPANIC HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL 2020; 19:112-117. [PMID: 33256476 DOI: 10.1177/1540415320976644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hispanic women are affected by HIV. "Love, Sex & Choices" (LSC) is an innovative 12-episode urban soap opera video series targeting young adult Black women streamed to smartphones. This study purpose was to determine whether LSC is an acceptable HIV prevention intervention for female Hispanic college students in South Florida. METHOD After institutional review board approval, female Hispanic college students were recruited from two campuses to watch the LSC video series and complete an online evaluation survey. RESULTS Study participants (n =101) evaluated LSC as definitely/probably important for women (97.0%), helpful for making relationship decisions (86.2%), changing attitudes about having sex (79.2%), asking partners to use a condom (80.2%), leaving partners who won't use condoms (74.2%), handling oneself in tough situations in a relationship (79.2%), and getting an HIV test (83.2%). Participants liked/related to LSC and thought their friends would also like the series. CONCLUSIONS Results indicated that young Hispanic women related to the video series, were likely to get HIV tested after watching the video series, found the story lines realistic, and thought their friends would like the series. The next step is to test the effectiveness of LSC to change behaviors of young Hispanic women at risk of HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Gracia Jones
- Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing, 5450Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rachel Jones
- 50919Northeastern University, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric A Fenkl
- Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing, 5450Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Sharon Simon
- Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing, 5450Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Katherine Chadwell
- College of Nursing, 1782Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
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Wong T, Pharr JR, Bungum T, Coughenour C, Lough NL. Effects of Peer Sexual Health Education on College Campuses: A Systematic Review. Health Promot Pract 2018; 20:652-666. [PMID: 30141355 DOI: 10.1177/1524839918794632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. College peer health education groups have grown in popularity to provide information about health and wellness topics. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of peer education groups on reducing sexual health risks and increasing sexual health knowledge on a college campus. Method. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed in searching, extracting, appraising, and synthesizing the evidence. A quality assessment was also conducted. The review was conducted in April 2017. Results. The initial search yielded 2,503 records. After critical appraisal, eight articles remained. Peer education was beneficial for increasing knowledge of sexual health topics and creating some behavior change such as increased condom use and HIV testing. Additionally, interventions developed specifically for women were effective. Conclusions. Peer education is an effective way to disseminate sexual health information and can be a reliable resource for college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Wong
- 1 University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | | | - Tim Bungum
- 1 University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Daniel-Ulloa J, Ulibarri M, Baquero B, Sleeth C, Harig H, Rhodes SD. Behavioral HIV Prevention Interventions Among Latinas in the US: A Systematic Review of the Evidence. J Immigr Minor Health 2018; 18:1498-1521. [PMID: 26467788 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-015-0283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Compared to White women, Latinas are 4 times more likely to contract HIV. In an effort to determine the overall state of the science meant to address this disparity, we reviewed the current HIV prevention intervention literature for U.S. Latinas. We searched 5 online electronic databases from their inception through July, 2014, for HIV prevention interventions including a majority sample of Latinas. Of 1041 articles identified, 20 studies met inclusion criteria. We documented study designs, participant characteristics, outcomes, theories used, and other intervention characteristics. Overall, HIV knowledge and attitudes were the predominant outcome; a small minority of studies included self-reported condom use or STD incidence. Strategies used to address cultural factors specific to Latinas and HIV included; lay health advisors, using ethnographic narratives, or using the Theory of Gender and Power, however few of the interventions adopted these strategies. This study identified several gaps in the intervention literature that need to be addressed. In addition to including more direct measures of decreased HIV risk (ex. condom use), more systematic use of strategies meant to address gender and cultural factors that may place Latinas at increased risk (e.g., gender inequity, traditional gender role norms such as machismo and marianismo, and relationship power dynamics).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Daniel-Ulloa
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, CPHB, CBH N436, 145 Riverside Dr, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,University of Iowa, Prevention Research Center, Iowa City, IA, USA. .,Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - M Ulibarri
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - B Baquero
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, CPHB, CBH N436, 145 Riverside Dr, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,University of Iowa, Prevention Research Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - C Sleeth
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, CPHB, CBH N436, 145 Riverside Dr, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - H Harig
- University of Iowa, Prevention Research Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - S D Rhodes
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Ibañez GE, Whitt E, Avent T, Martin SS, Varga LM, Cano MA, O’Connell DJ. 'Love and trust, you can be blinded': HIV risk within relationships among Latina women in Miami, Florida. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2017; 22:510-527. [PMID: 27764959 PMCID: PMC6063356 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2016.1244737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Latina women are disproportionately affected by HIV in the US, and account for 30% of all HIV infections in Miami-Dade County, Florida. The main risk for Latina women is heterosexual contact. Little is known about the relational and cultural factors that may impact women's HIV risk perception. This study aims to describe Latina women's perception of their HIV risk within a relational, cultural, and linguistic context. DESIGN Eight focus groups of Latina women (n = 28), four English speaking groups and four Spanish speaking groups, were conducted between December 2013 and May 2014. Women were recruited from a diversion program for criminal justice clients and by word of mouth. Eligibility criteria included the following: self-identify as Hispanic/Latino, 18-49 years of age, and self-identify as heterosexual. A two-level open coding analytic approach was conducted to identify themes across groups. RESULTS Most participants were foreign-born (61%) and represented the following countries: Cuba (47%), Honduras (17.5%), Mexico (12%), as well as Nicaragua, Puerto Rico, Colombia, and Venezuela (15%). Participant ages ranged between 18 and 49, with a mean age of 32 years. Relationship factors were important in perceiving HIV risk including male infidelity, women's trust in their male partners, relationship type, and getting caught up in the heat of the moment. For women in the English speaking groups, drug use and trading sex for drugs were also reasons cited for putting them at risk for HIV. English speaking women also reported that women should take more responsibility regarding condom use. CONCLUSION Findings emphasize the importance of taking relational and cultural context into account when developing HIV prevention programs for Latina women. Interventions targeting English speaking Latina women should focus on women being more proactive in their sexual health; interventions focused on Spanish speaking women might target their prevention messages to either men or couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gladys E. Ibañez
- Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Elaine Whitt
- Center for Drug and Health Studies, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Tenesha Avent
- Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Steve S. Martin
- Center for Drug and Health Studies, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Leah M. Varga
- Division of Research, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Miguel A. Cano
- Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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Pérez-Jiménez D, Seal DW, Ronis DL. A Pilot Intervention to Promote Safer Sex in Heterosexual Puerto Rican Couples. COUPLE & FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 3:193-206. [PMID: 25512880 PMCID: PMC4264837 DOI: 10.1037/cfp0000022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although the sexual transmission of HIV occurs in the context of an intimate relationship, preventive interventions with couples are scarce, particularly those designed for Hispanics. In this article, we present the effect of a pilot intervention directed to prevent HIV/AIDS in heterosexual couples in Puerto Rico. The intervention was theory-based and consisted of five three-hour group sessions. Primary goals included increasing male condom use and the practice of mutual masturbation as a safer sex method, and promoting favorable attitudes toward these behaviors. Twenty-six couples participated in this study. Fifteen were randomly assigned to the intervention group and eleven to a control group. Retention rates at post-intervention and follow-up were 82% for the whole sample. Results showed that there was a significant increase in the use of male condoms with main partners in the intervention group when compared with the control group. Couples in the intervention group also had better scores on secondary outcomes, such as attitudes toward condom use and mutual masturbation, HIV information, sexual decision-making, and social support. We found that these effects persisted over the three month follow up. A significant effect was also observed for the practice of mutual masturbation, but not for sexual negotiation. These results showed that promoting male condom use in dyadic interventions among heterosexual couples in Puerto Rico is feasible. Our findings suggest that because vaginal penetration has been constructed as the sexual script endpoint among many Hispanic couples, promoting other non-penetrative practices, such as mutual masturbation, may be difficult.
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Bazargan M, Stein JA, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Hindman DW. Using the information-motivation behavioral model to predict sexual behavior among underserved minority youth. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2010; 80:287-295. [PMID: 20573141 PMCID: PMC4720171 DOI: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2010.00503.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testing, refining, and tailoring theoretical approaches that are hypothesized to reduce sexual risk behaviors among adolescent subpopulations is an important task. Relatively little is known about the relationship between components of the information-motivation-behavior (IMB) model and sexual behaviors among underage minority youth. Using the IMB model, this study examines predictors of risky sexual behavior among underserved Hispanic and African-American youth. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 380 youths aged 11-17 years recruited in Los Angeles, California, and utilized latent variable models to examine interrelationships and predictive relations among IMB model variables associated with risky sexual behavior. RESULTS Sixty percent of the participants aged 15-17 and 1 out of 10 participants aged 11-12 reported prior sexual intercourse. Of the sexually active, more than half reported having unprotected sex and 11% had sexual intercourse with 4 or more partners. Results of the structural equation model indicated that older age and attitudes against sexual activities had significant, direct impacts on risky sexual behaviors. Behavioral refusal skills, positioned as an intervening variable, also significantly predicted less risky sex. Knowledge, attitudes against sexual activities, and perceived peer pressure against sexual behavior predicted sexual refusal skills. Additionally, there were significant indirect effects on risky sexual behavior mediated through behavioral refusal skills. CONCLUSION A large number of disadvantaged minority urban youth are engaged in risky sexual behaviors. Intervention programs, particularly those targeting preadolescents, should focus on building long-lasting behavioral skills that emphasize the reduction of peer pressure and normative influences on risky sexual behaviors. Components of the IMB model clearly have a role in the design of efficacious interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Bazargan
- Associate Professor and Director of Research, Department of Family Medicine, Charles Drew University of Medicine & Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059
| | - Judith A. Stein
- Professor, Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563
| | - Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi
- Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, Charles Drew University of Medicine & Science, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90059
| | - David W. Hindman
- Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine, Charles Drew University of Medicine & Science, Lynwood, CA 90262
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Carbaugh K. New HIV incidence estimates underscore the need for a national commitment to prevention. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2008; 19:419-22. [PMID: 19007719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2008.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2008] [Accepted: 09/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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