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Roussin-Léveillée C, Mackey D, Ekanayake G, Gohmann R, Moffett P. Extracellular niche establishment by plant pathogens. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024; 22:360-372. [PMID: 38191847 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-023-00999-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The plant extracellular space, referred to as the apoplast, is inhabited by a variety of microorganisms. Reflecting the crucial nature of this compartment, both plants and microorganisms seek to control, exploit and respond to its composition. Upon sensing the apoplastic environment, pathogens activate virulence programmes, including the delivery of effectors with well-established roles in suppressing plant immunity. We posit that another key and foundational role of effectors is niche establishment - specifically, the manipulation of plant physiological processes to enrich the apoplast in water and nutritive metabolites. Facets of plant immunity counteract niche establishment by restricting water, nutrients and signals for virulence activation. The complex competition to control and, in the case of pathogens, exploit the apoplast provides remarkable insights into the nature of virulence, host susceptibility, host defence and, ultimately, the origin of phytopathogenesis. This novel framework focuses on the ecology of a microbial niche and highlights areas of future research on plant-microorganism interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Mackey
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Gayani Ekanayake
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Reid Gohmann
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Peter Moffett
- Centre SÈVE, Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
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Li Z, Chen H, Yuan DP, Jiang X, Li ZM, Wang ST, Zhou TG, Zhu HY, Bian Q, Zhu XF, Xuan YH. IDD10-NAC079 transcription factor complex regulates sheath blight resistance by inhibiting ethylene signaling in rice. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00222-4. [PMID: 38825317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is a pathogen causing rice sheath blight (ShB). Ammonium transporter 1 (AMT1) promotes resistance of rice to ShB by activating ethylene signaling. However, how AMT1 activates ethylene signaling remains unclear. OBJECTIVE In this study, the indeterminate domain 10 (IDD10)-NAC079 interaction model was used to investigate whether ethylene signaling is modulated downstream of ammonium signaling and modulates ammonium-mediated ShB resistance. METHODS RT-qPCR assay was used to identify the relative expression levels of nitrogen and ethylene related genes. Yeast two-hybrid assays, Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay were conducted to verify the IDD10-NAC079-calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase 31 (CIPK31) transcriptional complex. Yeast one-hybrid assay, Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, and Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) were used to verify whether ETR2 was activated by IDD10 and NAC079. Ethylene quantification assay was used to verify ethylene content in IDD10 transgenic plants. Genetic analysis is used to detect the response of IDD10, NAC079 and CIPK31 to ShB infestation. RESULTS IDD10-NAC079 forms a transcription complex that activates ETR2 to inhibit the ethylene signaling pathway to negatively regulating ShB resistance. CIPK31 interacts and phosphorylates NAC079 to enhance its transcriptional activation activity. In addition, AMT1-mediated ammonium absorption and subsequent N assimilation inhibit the expression of IDD10 and CIPK31 to activate the ethylene signaling pathway, which positively regulates ShB resistance. CONCLUSION The study identified the link between ammonium and ethylene signaling and improved the understanding of the rice resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - De Peng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Plant Protection, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Graduate School of Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhi Min Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Si Ting Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Tian Ge Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Hong Yao Zhu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Qiang Bian
- National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiao Feng Zhu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Yuan Hu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Plant Protection, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Zhao Y, Wang X, Han X, Ren A, Huang X, Fang S, Chen H, Zhang L. Inhibitory Activity Against Rhizoctonia Solani and Chemical Composition of Extract from Moutan Cortex. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400337. [PMID: 38470409 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight (RSB), caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is a significant disease of rice. The negative effects of chemical fungicides have created an urgent need for low-toxicity botanical fungicides. Our previous research revealed that the ethanol crude extract of Moutan Cortex (MC) exhibited superior antifungal activity against R. solani at 1000 μg/mL, resulting in a 100 % inhibition rate. The antifungal properties were mainly found in the petroleum ether extract. However, the active ingredients of the extract are still unclear. In this study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was utilised for the analysis of its chemical components. The mycelium growth rate method was utilized to detect the antifungal activity. The findings indicated that paeonol constituted the primary active component, with a content of more than 96 %. Meanwhile, paeonol was the most significant antifungal active ingredient, the antifungal activity of paeonol (EC50=44.83 μg/mL) was much higher than that of β-sitosterol and ethyl propionate against R. solani. Observation under an optical microscope revealed that paeonol resulted in abnormal mycelial morphology. This study provided theoretical support for identifying monomer antifungal compounds and developing biological fungicides for R. solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtian Zhao
- School of Life Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou, 558000, China
| | - Xinge Wang
- School of Life Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou, 558000, China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Life Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou, 558000, China
| | - Aixia Ren
- School of Life Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou, 558000, China
| | - Xiaona Huang
- School of Life Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou, 558000, China
| | - Shuangyan Fang
- School of Life Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou, 558000, China
| | - Hongting Chen
- School of Life Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou, 558000, China
| | - Lian Zhang
- School of Life Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou, 558000, China
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Das J, Ghosh S, Tyagi K, Sahoo D, Jha G. Methionine biosynthetic genes and methionine sulfoxide reductase A are required for Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA to cause sheath blight disease in rice. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14441. [PMID: 38568774 PMCID: PMC10990046 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is a polyphagous necrotrophic fungal pathogen that causes sheath blight disease in rice. It deploys effector molecules as well as carbohydrate-active enzymes and enhances the production of reactive oxygen species for killing host tissues. Understanding R. solani ability to sustain growth under an oxidative-stress-enriched environment is important for developing disease control strategies. Here, we demonstrate that R. solani upregulates methionine biosynthetic genes, including Rs_MET13 during infection in rice, and double-stranded RNA-mediated silencing of these genes impairs the pathogen's ability to cause disease. Exogenous treatment with methionine restores the disease-causing ability of Rs_MET13-silenced R. solani and facilitates its growth on 10 mM H2O2-containing minimal-media. Notably, the Rs_MsrA gene that encodes methionine sulfoxide reductase A, an antioxidant enzyme involved in the repair of oxidative damage of methionine, is upregulated upon H2O2 treatment and also during infection in rice. Rs_MsrA-silenced R. solani is unable to cause disease, suggesting that it is important for the repair of oxidative damage in methionine during host colonization. We propose that spray-induced gene silencing of Rs_MsrA and designing of antagonistic molecules that block MsrA activity can be exploited as a drug target for effective control of sheath blight disease in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyati Das
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali MargNew DelhiIndia
| | - Srayan Ghosh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali MargNew DelhiIndia
- Department of BiosciencesDurham UniversityDurhamUK
| | - Kriti Tyagi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali MargNew DelhiIndia
| | - Debashis Sahoo
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali MargNew DelhiIndia
| | - Gopaljee Jha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali MargNew DelhiIndia
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Zhang J, Wang S, Wang H, He P, Chang Y, Zheng W, Tang X, Li L, Wang C, He X. Metabolome and Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Function of MdSYP121 in the Apple Response to Botryosphaeria dothidea. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16242. [PMID: 38003432 PMCID: PMC10671699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The vesicular transport system is important for substance transport in plants. In recent years, the regulatory relationship between the vesicular transport system and plant disease resistance has received widespread attention; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. MdSYP121 is a key protein in the vesicular transport system. The overexpression of MdSYP121 decreased the B. dothidea resistance of apple, while silencing MdSYP121 resulted in the opposite phenotype. A metabolome and transcriptome dataset analysis showed that MdSYP121 regulated apple disease resistance by significantly affecting sugar metabolism. HPLC results showed that the levels of many soluble sugars were significantly higher in the MdSYP121-OE calli. Furthermore, the expression levels of genes related to sugar transport were significantly higher in the MdSYP121-OE calli after B. dothidea inoculation. In addition, the relationships between the MdSYP121 expression level, the soluble sugar content, and apple resistance to B. dothidea were verified in an F1 population derived from a cross between 'Golden Delicious' and 'Fuji Nagafu No. 2'. In conclusion, these results suggested that MdSYP121 negatively regulated apple resistance to B. dothidea by influencing the soluble sugar content. These technologies and methods allow us to investigate the molecular mechanism of the vesicular transport system regulating apple resistance to B. dothidea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahu Zhang
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an 271000, China; (J.Z.); (S.W.); (H.W.); (P.H.); (Y.C.); (W.Z.); (L.L.)
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (X.T.); (C.W.)
| | - Sen Wang
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an 271000, China; (J.Z.); (S.W.); (H.W.); (P.H.); (Y.C.); (W.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Haibo Wang
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an 271000, China; (J.Z.); (S.W.); (H.W.); (P.H.); (Y.C.); (W.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Ping He
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an 271000, China; (J.Z.); (S.W.); (H.W.); (P.H.); (Y.C.); (W.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Yuansheng Chang
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an 271000, China; (J.Z.); (S.W.); (H.W.); (P.H.); (Y.C.); (W.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Wenyan Zheng
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an 271000, China; (J.Z.); (S.W.); (H.W.); (P.H.); (Y.C.); (W.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Xiao Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (X.T.); (C.W.)
| | - Linguang Li
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an 271000, China; (J.Z.); (S.W.); (H.W.); (P.H.); (Y.C.); (W.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (X.T.); (C.W.)
| | - Xiaowen He
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an 271000, China; (J.Z.); (S.W.); (H.W.); (P.H.); (Y.C.); (W.Z.); (L.L.)
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Chen J, Sun M, Xiao G, Shi R, Zhao C, Zhang Q, Yang S, Xuan Y. Starving the enemy: how plant and microbe compete for sugar on the border. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1230254. [PMID: 37600180 PMCID: PMC10433384 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1230254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
As the primary energy source for a plant host and microbe to sustain life, sugar is generally exported by Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs) to the host extracellular spaces or the apoplast. There, the host and microbes compete for hexose, sucrose, and other important nutrients. The host and microbial monosaccharide transporters (MSTs) and sucrose transporters (SUTs) play a key role in the "evolutionary arms race". The result of this competition hinges on the proportion of sugar distribution between the host and microbes. In some plants (such as Arabidopsis, corn, and rice) and their interacting pathogens, the key transporters responsible for sugar competition have been identified. However, the regulatory mechanisms of sugar transporters, especially in the microbes require further investigation. Here, the key transporters that are responsible for the sugar competition in the host and pathogen have been identified and the regulatory mechanisms of the sugar transport have been briefly analyzed. These data are of great significance to the increase of the sugar distribution in plants for improvement in the yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsheng Chen
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Miao Sun
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Guosheng Xiao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Rujie Shi
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Chanjuan Zhao
- Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Wanzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Sharifi‐Rad J, Painuli S, Sener B, Kılıç M, Kumar NVA, Semwal P, Docea AO, Suleria HAR, Calina D. Revisiting the nutraceutical profile, chemical composition, and health benefits of jaggery: Updates from recent decade. EFOOD 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/efd2.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sakshi Painuli
- Department of Biotechnology Graphic Era University Dehradun Uttarakhand India
| | - Bilge Sener
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan
| | - Mehtap Kılıç
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Health Sciences University Ankara Turkey
| | - Nanjangud V. A. Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal India
| | - Prabhakar Semwal
- Department of Biotechnology Graphic Era University Dehradun Uttarakhand India
| | - Anca O. Docea
- Department of Toxicology University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova Craiova Romania
| | - Hafiz A. R. Suleria
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova Craiova Romania
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Chen J, Xuan Y, Yi J, Xiao G, Yuan DP, Li D. Progress in rice sheath blight resistance research. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1141697. [PMID: 37035075 PMCID: PMC10080073 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1141697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight (ShB) disease poses a major threat to rice yield throughout the world. However, the defense mechanisms against ShB in rice remain largely unknown. ShB resistance is a typical quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. With the rapid development of molecular methods, many quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to agronomic traits, biotic and abiotic stresses, and yield have been identified by genome-wide association studies. The interactions between plants and pathogens are controlled by various plant hormone signaling pathways, and the pathways synergistically or antagonistically interact with each other, regulating plant growth and development as well as the defense response. This review summarizes the regulatory effects of hormones including auxin, ethylene, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroids, gibberellin, abscisic acid, strigolactone, and cytokinin on ShB and the crosstalk between the various hormones. Furthermore, the effects of sugar and nitrogen on rice ShB resistance, as well as information on genes related to ShB resistance in rice and their effects on ShB are also discussed. In summary, this review is a comprehensive description of the QTLs, hormones, nutrition, and other defense-related genes related to ShB in rice. The prospects of targeting the resistance mechanism as a strategy for controlling ShB in rice are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsheng Chen
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianghui Yi
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Guosheng Xiao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - De Peng Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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