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Ventura G, Bianco M, Calvano CD, Bianco G, Di Capua A, Coniglio D, Losito I, Cataldi TRI. Mass spectrometric characterization of aminophospholipids containing N-(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine in kombu algae extracts. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2024; 38:e9843. [PMID: 38924168 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE 1,2-Diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-O-[N-(2-hydroxyethyl)glycines] (PHEGs) are a class of rare aminophospholipids found specifically in brown algae, including kombu seaweed. Despite their potential importance in algal physiology, a comprehensive mass spectrometry (MS) characterization, useful to understand their biological behaviour, is still lacking. METHODS To establish the structural regiochemical features of PHEGs, we employed hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC). Following separation, the isolated band of PHEGs was analyzed using MS techniques. This included multistage tandem MS experiments, performed in both positive and negative electrospray ionization modes at low and high resolution. RESULTS By comparing MS/MS and MS3 spectra acquired in negative ion mode, the regiochemical rules for PHEG identification were established. The most abundant PHEG species in kombu seaweed, from both Laminaria ochroleuca (European Atlantic) and Laminaria longissima (Japan), was identified as PHEG 20:4/20:4. Less abundant species included PHEG 20:4/20:5 and hydroxylated forms of both PHEG 20:4/20:4 (i.e. 40:8;O) and 20:4/20:5 (40:9;O). The presence of a lyso PHEG 20:4 was consistently detected but at very low levels. CONCLUSIONS This study employed MS analysis to elucidate the regiochemical patterns of PHEGs in kombu seaweed. We identified PHEG 20:4/20:4 as the dominant species, along with several less abundant variants, including hydroxylated forms. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential roles and metabolism of PHEGs in brown algae, paving the way for further investigation into their biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ventura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center SMART, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Cosima Damiana Calvano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center SMART, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuliana Bianco
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Angela Di Capua
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Davide Coniglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilario Losito
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center SMART, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Tommaso R I Cataldi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center SMART, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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2
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Bettioui T, Chipeaux C, Ben Arfa K, Héron S, Belmatoug N, Franco M, de Person M, Moussa F. Development of a new online SPE-HPLC-MS/MS method for the profiling and quantification of sphingolipids and phospholipids in red blood cells - Application to the study of Gaucher's disease. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1278:341719. [PMID: 37709430 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) are the subject of clinical attention due to their biological importance. Recently, it has been shown that certain erythrocyte pathologies could be linked to an abnormal lipid composition. In this work, we have developed a simple and fast method using online sample preparation with liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (SPE-HPLC-MS/MS), to identify a large number of sphingolipids (SL) and phospholipids (PL). The use of online sample preparation considerably reduces analysis times (15 min including extraction and separation of lipids + 2 min for system re-equilibration) and facilitates experimentation while ensuring very good extraction yields. This method was then successfully applied to the quantification of 30 sphingolipids and phospholipids in plasma and erythrocyte extracts from a cohort of individuals with Gaucher disease, treated or not by enzymotherapy. Our results for the study of this disease, led us to establish the lipid profile of the healthy red blood cells, still not very well-known to date. For this, we adopted a semi-targeted approach, based on the use of a triple-quadrupole analyzer and identified more than two hundred different lipid species. These promising results will hopefully enable us to enrich our knowledge of the normal red blood cells lipidome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terkia Bettioui
- Institut de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Caroline Chipeaux
- Institut de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Kaouther Ben Arfa
- Institut de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Sylvie Héron
- Institut de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Nadia Belmatoug
- Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre de Référence des Maladies Lysosomales, Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Beaujon, Sorbonne Université, F-92110, Clichy, France
| | - Mélanie Franco
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGR, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Marine de Person
- Institut de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France.
| | - Fathi Moussa
- Institut de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
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Castellaneta A, Porcelli V, Losito I, Barile S, Maresca A, Del Dotto V, Guadalupi LS, Calvano CD, Carelli V, Palmieri L, Cataldi TRI. Methyl carbamates of phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylserines reveal bacterial contamination in mitochondrial lipid extracts of mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13972. [PMID: 37633960 PMCID: PMC10460386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of methyl carbamates of phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylserines in the lipid extract of mitochondria obtained from mouse embryonic fibroblasts was ascertained by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization single and multi-stage mass spectrometry, performed using sinergically a high resolution (quadrupole-Orbitrap) and a low resolution (linear ion trap) spectrometer. Two possible routes to the synthesis of methyl carbamates of phospholipids were postulated and evaluated: (i) a chemical transformation involving phosgene, occurring as a photooxidation by-product in the chloroform used for lipid extraction, and methanol, also used for the latter; (ii) an enzymatic methoxycarbonylation reaction due to an accidental bacterial contamination, that was unveiled subsequently on the murine mitochondrial sample. A specific lipid extraction performed on a couple of standard phosphatidyl-ethanolamines/-serines, based on purposely photo-oxidized chloroform and deuterated methanol, indicated route (i) as negligible in the specific case, thus highlighting the enzymatic route related to bacterial contamination as the most likely source of methyl carbamates. The unambiguous recognition of the latter might represent the starting point toward a better understanding of their generation in biological systems and a minimization of their occurrence when an artefactual formation is ascertained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Castellaneta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Porcelli
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilario Losito
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy.
- Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy.
| | - Serena Barile
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Maresca
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Del Dotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università degli Studi di Bologna, via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ludovica Sofia Guadalupi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Cosima Damiana Calvano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Valerio Carelli
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università degli Studi di Bologna, via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Palmieri
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- CNR-Istituto di Biomembrane, Bioenergetica E Biotecnologie Molecolari, via Giovanni Amendola, 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Tommaso R I Cataldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
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Frankfater CF, Sartorio MG, Valguarnera E, Feldman MF, Hsu FF. Lipidome of the Bacteroides Genus Containing New Peptidolipid and Sphingolipid Families Revealed by Multiple-Stage Mass Spectrometry. Biochemistry 2023; 62:1160-1180. [PMID: 36880942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic bacteria of the Bacteroides fragilis group including Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, B. fragilis, Bacteroides vulgatus, and Bacteroides ovatus in genus Bacteroides are among the most commonly found human gut microbiota. They are generally commensal but are also opportunistic pathogens. Both the inner and outer membranes of the Bacteroides cell envelope contain abundant lipids with diversified structures, and dissection of the lipid composition of the inner and outer membrane fractions is important for understanding the biogenesis of this multilaminate wall structure. Here, we describe mass spectrometry-based approaches to delineate in detail the lipidome of the membrane and the outer membrane vesicle of the bacteria cells. We identified 15 lipid class/subclasses (>100 molecular species), including sphingolipid families [dihydroceramide (DHC), glycylseryl (GS) DHC, DHC-phosphoinositolphosphoryl-DHC (DHC-PIP-DHC), ethanolamine phosphorylceramide, inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC), serine phosphorylceramide, ceramide-1-phosphate, and glycosyl ceramide], phospholipids [phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol (PI), and phosphatidylserine], peptide lipids (GS-, S-, and G-lipids) and cholesterol sulfate, of which several have not been reported previously, or have similar structures to those found in Porphyromonas gingivalis, the periodontopathic bacterium in oral microbiota. The new DHC-PIPs-DHC lipid family is found only in B. vulgatus, which, however, lacks the PI lipid family. The galactosyl ceramide family is exclusively present in B. fragilis, which nevertheless lacks IPC and PI lipids. The lipidomes as revealed in this study demonstrate the lipid diversity among the various strains and the utility of multiple-stage mass spectrometry (MSn) with high-resolution mass spectrometry in the structural elucidation of complex lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl F Frankfater
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Mariana G Sartorio
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Ezequiel Valguarnera
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Mario F Feldman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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Zhang X, Wu L, Zhen W, Li S, Jiang X. Generation of singlet oxygen via iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and its role in Ferroptosis. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 2:66-73. [PMID: 38933913 PMCID: PMC11197759 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a cell death pathway mediated by iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxide. However, the specific downstream molecular events of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation are yet to be elucidated. In this study, based on various spectral analyses, we have found evidence that singlet oxygen is produced through the Russell mechanism during the self-reaction of lipid peroxyl radicals generated via iron-dependent lipid peroxidation regardless of the presence of cholesterol. Significantly reduced generation of singlet oxygen was observed in the absence of iron. The generated singlet oxygen accelerated the oxidative damage of lipid membranes by propagating lipid peroxidation and facilitated ferroptotic cancer cell death initiated by erastin. In this work, singlet oxygen has been revealed to be a new reactive species that participates in ferroptosis, thus improving the understanding on iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and the mechanism of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
- Changchun University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Lie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Wenyao Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
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6
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Hu C, Luo W, Xu J, Han X. RECOGNITION AND AVOIDANCE OF ION SOURCE-GENERATED ARTIFACTS IN LIPIDOMICS ANALYSIS. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:15-31. [PMID: 32997818 PMCID: PMC8287896 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipid research is attracting more and more attention as various key roles and novel biological functions of lipids have been demonstrated and discovered in the organism. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based lipidomics approaches are the most powerful and effective tools for analysis of cellular lipidomes with very high sensitivity and specificity. However, the artifacts generated from in-source fragmentation are always present in all kinds of ion sources, even soft ionization techniques (i.e., electrospray ionization and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization [MALDI]). These artifacts can cause many problems for lipidomics, especially when the fragment ions correspond to/are isomeric species of other endogenous lipid species in complex biological samples. These commonly observed artifacts could lead to misannotation, false identification, and consequently, incorrect attribution of phenotypes, and will have negative impact on any MS-based lipidomics research including but not limited to biomarker discovery, drug development, etc. Liquid chromatography-MS, shotgun lipidomics, and MALDI-MS imaging are three representative lipidomics approaches in which ion source-generated artifacts are all manifested and are comprehensively summarized in this article. The strategies on how to avoid/reduce the artifacts of in-source fragmentation on lipidomics analysis are also discussed in detail. We believe that with the recognition and avoidance of ion source-generated artifacts, MS-based lipidomics approaches will provide better accuracy on comprehensive analysis of biological samples and will make greater contribution to the research on metabolism and translational/precision medicine (collectively termed functional lipidomics). © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfeng Hu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Bingwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Wenqing Luo
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Bingwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003 China
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229 USA
- Department of Medicine – Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229 USA
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7
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Grape Lipidomics: An Extensive Profiling thorough UHPLC-MS/MS Method. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120827. [PMID: 34940585 PMCID: PMC8706896 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids play many essential roles in living organisms, which accounts for the great diversity of these amphiphilic molecules within the individual lipid classes, while their composition depends on intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Recent developments in mass spectrometric methods have significantly contributed to the widespread application of the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) approach to the analysis of plant lipids. However, only a few investigators have studied the extensive composition of grape lipids. The present work describes the development of an ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method that includes 8098 MRM; the method has been validated using a reference sample of grapes at maturity with a successful analysis and semi-quantification of 412 compounds. The aforementioned method was subsequently applied also to the analysis of the lipid profile variation during the Ribolla Gialla cv. grape maturation process. The partial least squares (PLS) regression model fitted to our experimental data showed that a higher proportion of certain glycerophospholipids (i.e., glycerophosphoethanolamines, PE and glycerophosphoglycerols, PG) and of some hydrolysates from those groups (i.e., lyso-glycerophosphocholines, LPC and lyso-glycerophosphoethanolamines, LPE) can be positively associated with the increasing °Brix rate, while a negative association was found for ceramides (CER) and galactolipids digalactosyldiacylglycerols (DGDG). The validated method has proven to be robust and informative for profiling grape lipids, with the possibility of application to other studies and matrices.
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He Y, de Araújo Júnior RF, Cruz LJ, Eich C. Functionalized Nanoparticles Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1670. [PMID: 34683963 PMCID: PMC8540805 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a central role in regulating antitumor immune responses. As an important part of the TME, alternatively activated type 2 (M2) macrophages drive the development of primary and secondary tumors by promoting tumor cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling and overall immunosuppression. Immunotherapy approaches targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in order to reduce the immunosuppressive state in the TME have received great attention. Although these methods hold great potential for the treatment of several cancers, they also face some limitations, such as the fast degradation rate of drugs and drug-induced cytotoxicity of organs and tissues. Nanomedicine formulations that prevent TAM signaling and recruitment to the TME or deplete M2 TAMs to reduce tumor growth and metastasis represent encouraging novel strategies in cancer therapy. They allow the specific delivery of antitumor drugs to the tumor area, thereby reducing side effects associated with systemic application. In this review, we give an overview of TAM biology and the current state of nanomedicines that target M2 macrophages in the course of cancer immunotherapy, with a specific focus on nanoparticles (NPs). We summarize how different types of NPs target M2 TAMs, and how the physicochemical properties of NPs (size, shape, charge and targeting ligands) influence NP uptake by TAMs in vitro and in vivo in the TME. Furthermore, we provide a comparative analysis of passive and active NP-based TAM-targeting strategies and discuss their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan He
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Y.H.); (R.F.d.A.J.)
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Y.H.); (R.F.d.A.J.)
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59064-720, Brazil
- Cancer and Inflammation Research Laboratory (LAICI), Postgraduate Program in Functional and Structural Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59064-720, Brazil
- Percuros B.V., 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Luis J. Cruz
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Y.H.); (R.F.d.A.J.)
| | - Christina Eich
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Y.H.); (R.F.d.A.J.)
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9
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Fabritius M, Yang B. Direct infusion and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry analysis of phospholipid regioisomers. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9151. [PMID: 34169571 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Phospholipids are important components of cell membranes that are linked to several beneficial health effects such as increasing plasma HDL cholesterol levels, improving cognitive abilities and inhibiting growth of colon cancer. The role of phospholipid (PL) regioisomers in all these health effects is, however, largely not studied due to lack of analytical methods. METHODS Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in negative mode produces structurally informative fragment ions resulting from differential dissociation of fatty acids (FAs) from the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, primarily high-abundance [RCOO]- ions. The fragment ion ratios obtained with different ratios of regiopure phospholipid reference compounds were used to construct calibration curves, which allow determination of regioisomeric ratios of an unknown sample. The method was developed using both direct infusion mass spectrometry (MS) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HILIC-MS). RESULTS The produced calibration curves have high coefficients of determination (R2 >0.98) and the fragment ion ratios in replicate analyses were very consistent. A test mixture containing 60/40% ratios of all available regioisomer pairs was analyzed to test and validate the functionality of the calibration curves. The results were accurate and reproducible. However, regioisomeric quantification of certain chromatographically overlapping compounds is restricted by the relatively wide window in precursor ion selection of the MS instrument used. CONCLUSIONS This method establishes a framework for analysis of phospholipid regioisomers. Specific regioisomers can be quantified using the existing data, and method development will continue with improving chromatographic separation and exploring the fragmentation patterns and efficiencies of different PL classes and FA combinations, ultimately to refine this method for routine analysis of natural fats and oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Fabritius
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Flor S, Sosa Alderete L, Dobrecky C, Tripodi V, Agostini E, Lucangioli S. LC-ESI-MS/MS Method for the Profiling of Glycerophospholipids and its Application to the Analysis of Tobacco Hairy Roots as Early Indicators of Phenol Pollution. Chromatographia 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-021-04034-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Dimovska Nilsson K, Karagianni A, Kaya I, Henricsson M, Fletcher JS. (CO 2) n+, (H 2O) n+, and (H 2O) n+ (CO 2) gas cluster ion beam secondary ion mass spectrometry: analysis of lipid extracts, cells, and Alzheimer's model mouse brain tissue. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:4181-4194. [PMID: 33974088 PMCID: PMC8222020 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03372-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This work assesses the potential of new water cluster-based ion beams for improving the capabilities of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) for in situ lipidomics. The effect of water clusters was compared to carbon dioxide clusters, along with the effect of using pure water clusters compared to mixed water and carbon dioxide clusters. A signal increase was found when using pure water clusters. However, when analyzing cells, a more substantial signal increase was found in positive ion mode when the water clusters also contained carbon dioxide, suggesting that additional reactions are in play. The effects of using a water primary ion beam on a more complex sample were investigated by analyzing brain tissue from an Alzheimer’s disease transgenic mouse model. The results indicate that the ToF-SIMS results are approaching those from MALDI as ToF-SIMS was able to image lyso-phosphocholine (LPC) lipids, a lipid class that for a long time has eluded detection during SIMS analyses. Gangliosides, sulfatides, and cholesterol were also imaged. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Dimovska Nilsson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anthi Karagianni
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ibrahim Kaya
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Mölndal, Sweden
- Medical Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 751 05, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marcus Henricsson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John S Fletcher
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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12
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Wang Y, Yutuc E, Griffiths WJ. Standardizing and increasing the utility of lipidomics: a look to the next decade. Expert Rev Proteomics 2020; 17:699-717. [PMID: 33191815 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2020.1847086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: We present our views on the current application of mass spectrometry (MS) based lipidomics and how lipidomics can develop in the next decade to be most practical use to society. That is not to say that lipidomics has not already been of value. In-fact, in its earlier guise as metabolite profiling most of the pathways of steroid biosynthesis were uncovered and via focused lipidomics many inborn errors of metabolism are routinely clinically identified. However, can lipidomics be extended to improve biochemical understanding of, and to diagnose, the most prevalent diseases of the 21st century? Areas covered: We will highlight the concept of 'level of identification' and the equally crucial topic of 'quantification'. Only by using a standardized language for these terms can lipidomics be translated to fields beyond academia. We will remind the lipid scientist of the value of chemical derivatization, a concept exploited since the dawn of lipid biochemistry. Expert opinion: Only by agreement of the concepts of identification and quantification and their incorporation in lipidomics reporting can lipidomics maximize its value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Wang
- Swansea University Medical School , Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Eylan Yutuc
- Swansea University Medical School , Swansea, Wales, UK
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13
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Ahmed E, Xiao D, Kabir KMM, Fletcher J, Donald WA. Ambient Pressure Ion Funnel: Concepts, Simulations, and Analytical Performance. Anal Chem 2020; 92:15811-15817. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ezaz Ahmed
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Dan Xiao
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - K. M. Mohibul Kabir
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - John Fletcher
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - William A. Donald
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
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14
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Randolph CE, Blanksby SJ, McLuckey SA. Enhancing detection and characterization of lipids using charge manipulation in electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 232:104970. [PMID: 32890498 PMCID: PMC7606777 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Heightened awareness regarding the implication of disturbances in lipid metabolism with respect to prevalent human-related pathologies demands analytical techniques that provide unambiguous structural characterization and accurate quantitation of lipids in complex biological samples. The diversity in molecular structures of lipids along with their wide range of concentrations in biological matrices present formidable analytical challenges. Modern mass spectrometry (MS) offers an unprecedented level of analytical power in lipid analysis, as many advancements in the field of lipidomics have been facilitated through novel applications of and developments in electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). ESI allows for the formation of intact lipid ions with little to no fragmentation and has become widely used in contemporary lipidomics experiments due to its sensitivity, reproducibility, and compatibility with condensed-phase modes of separation, such as liquid chromatography (LC). Owing to variations in lipid functional groups, ESI enables partial chemical separation of the lipidome, yet the preferred ion-type is not always formed, impacting lipid detection, characterization, and quantitation. Moreover, conventional ESI-MS/MS approaches often fail to expose diverse subtle structural features like the sites of unsaturation in fatty acyl constituents or acyl chain regiochemistry along the glycerol backbone, representing a significant challenge for ESI-MS/MS. To overcome these shortcomings, various charge manipulation strategies, including charge-switching, have been developed to transform ion-type and charge state, with aims of increasing sensitivity and selectivity of ESI-MS/MS approaches. Importantly, charge manipulation approaches afford enhanced ionization efficiency, improved mixture analysis performance, and access to informative fragmentation channels. Herein, we present a critical review of the current suite of solution-based and gas-phase strategies for the manipulation of lipid ion charge and type relevant to ESI-MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E Randolph
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, USA
| | - Stephen J Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Scott A McLuckey
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, USA.
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15
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Randolph CE, Blanksby SJ, McLuckey SA. Toward Complete Structure Elucidation of Glycerophospholipids in the Gas Phase through Charge Inversion Ion/Ion Chemistry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:1219-1227. [PMID: 31763816 PMCID: PMC6949391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Shotgun lipidomics has recently gained popularity for lipid analysis. Conventionally, shotgun analysis of glycerophospholipids via direct electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) provides glycerophospholipid (GPL) class (i.e., headgroup composition) and fatty acyl composition. Reliant on low-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID), traditional ESI-MS/MS fails to define fatty acyl regiochemistry along the glycerol backbone or carbon-carbon double bond position(s) in unsaturated fatty acyl substituents. Therefore, isomeric GPLs are often unresolved, representing a significant challenge for shotgun-MS approaches. We developed a top-down shotgun-MS method utilizing gas-phase ion/ion charge inversion chemistry that provides near-complete GPL structural identification. First, in negative ion mode, CID of mass-selected GPL anions generates fatty acyl carboxylate anions via fragmentation of ester bonds linking the fatty acyl substituents at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions of the glycerol backbone. Product anions, including fatty acyl carboxylate ions, were then derivatized in the mass spectrometer via an ion/ion charge inversion reaction with tris-phenanthroline magnesium dications. Subsequent CID of charge-inverted fatty acyl complex cations yielded isomer-specific product ion spectra that permit (i) unambiguous assignment of carbon-carbon double bond position(s) and (ii) relative quantitation of isomeric fatty acyl substituents. The outlined strategy was applied to the analysis of targeted GPLs extracted from human plasma, including several proposed plasma biomarkers. A single experiment thus facilitates assignment of the GPL headgroup, fatty acyl composition, carbon-carbon double bond position(s) in unsaturated fatty acyl chains, and, in some cases, fatty acyl sn-position and relative abundances for isomeric fatty acyl substituents. Ultimately, this MSn platform paired with ion/ion chemistry permitted identification of major, and some minor, isomeric contributors that are unresolved using conventional ESI-MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Randolph
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, USA
| | - Stephen J. Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Scott A. McLuckey
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, USA
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16
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Angerer TB, Velickovic D, Nicora CD, Kyle JE, Graham DJ, Anderton C, Gamble LJ. Exploiting the Semidestructive Nature of Gas Cluster Ion Beam Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Simultaneous Localization and Confident Lipid Annotations. Anal Chem 2019; 91:15073-15080. [PMID: 31659904 PMCID: PMC7430256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lipids have been recognized as key players in cell signaling and disease. Information on their location and distribution within a biological system, under varying conditions, is necessary to understand the contributions of different lipid species to an altered phenotype. Imaging mass spectrometry techniques, such as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), are capable of revealing global lipid distributions in tissues in an untargeted fashion. However, to confidently identify the species present in a sample, orthogonal analyses like tandem MS (MS/MS) are often required. This can be accomplished by bulk sample analysis with liquid chromatography (LC)-MS/MS, which can provide confident lipid identifications, at the expense of losing location-specific information. Here, using planarian flatworms as a model system, we demonstrate that imaging gas cluster ion beam (GCIB)-ToF-SIMS has the unique capability to simultaneously detect, identify, and image lipid species with subcellular resolution in tissue sections. The parallel detection of both, intact lipids and their respective fragments, allows for unique identification of some species without the need of performing an additional orthogonal MS/MS analysis. This was accomplished by correlating intact lipid and associated fragment SIMS images. The lipid assignments, respective fragment identities, and locations gathered from ToF-SIMS data were confirmed via LC-MS/MS on lipid extracts and ultrahigh mass resolution MALDI-MS imaging. Together, these data show that the semidestructive nature of ToF-SIMS can be utilized advantageously to enable both confident molecular annotations and to determine the locations of species within a biological sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina B. Angerer
- NESACBIO, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Dusan Velickovic
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354
| | - Carrie D. Nicora
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354
| | - Jennifer E. Kyle
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354
| | - Daniel J. Graham
- NESACBIO, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Christopher Anderton
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354
| | - Lara J. Gamble
- NESACBIO, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
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17
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Cho HJ, Yoon H, Lee HH. Phosphatidylserine-induced dissociation of the heterodimeric PstB2p/Pbi1p complex in yeast phosphatidylserine trafficking system. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 517:285-290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Lamont L, Eijkel GB, Jones EA, Flinders B, Ellis SR, Porta Siegel T, Heeren RMA, Vreeken RJ. Targeted Drug and Metabolite Imaging: Desorption Electrospray Ionization Combined with Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2018. [PMID: 30346139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03857(2018)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has proven to be a valuable tool for drug and metabolite imaging in pharmaceutical toxicology studies and can reveal, for example, accumulation of drug candidates in early drug development. However, the lack of sample cleanup and chromatographic separation can hamper the analysis due to isobaric interferences. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) uses unique precursor ion-product ion transitions to add specificity which leads to higher selectivity. Here, we present a targeted imaging platform where desorption electrospray ionization is combined with a triple quadrupole (QqQ) system to perform MRM imaging. The platform was applied to visualize (i) lipids in mouse brain tissue sections and (ii) a drug candidate and metabolite in canine liver tissue. All QqQ modes were investigated to show the increased detection time provided by MRM as well as the possibility to perform dual polarity imaging. This is very beneficial for lipid imaging because some phospholipid classes ionize in opposite polarity (e.g., phosphatidylcholine/sphingomyelin in positive ion mode and phosphatidylserine/phosphatidylethanolamine in negative ion mode). Drug and metabolite images were obtained to show its strength in drug distribution studies. Multiple MRM transitions were used to confirm the local presence and selective detection of pharmaceutical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieke Lamont
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Gert B Eijkel
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | | | - Bryn Flinders
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Shane R Ellis
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Tiffany Porta Siegel
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Ron M A Heeren
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Rob J Vreeken
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
- Janssen Research & Development , B-2340 Beerse , Belgium
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19
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Lamont L, Eijkel GB, Jones EA, Flinders B, Ellis SR, Porta Siegel T, Heeren RMA, Vreeken RJ. Targeted Drug and Metabolite Imaging: Desorption Electrospray Ionization Combined with Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13229-13235. [PMID: 30346139 PMCID: PMC6256344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Mass
spectrometry imaging (MSI) has proven to be a valuable tool
for drug and metabolite imaging in pharmaceutical toxicology studies
and can reveal, for example, accumulation of drug candidates in early
drug development. However, the lack of sample cleanup and chromatographic
separation can hamper the analysis due to isobaric interferences.
Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) uses unique precursor ion-product
ion transitions to add specificity which leads to higher selectivity.
Here, we present a targeted imaging platform where desorption electrospray
ionization is combined with a triple quadrupole (QqQ) system to perform
MRM imaging. The platform was applied to visualize (i) lipids in mouse
brain tissue sections and (ii) a drug candidate and metabolite in
canine liver tissue. All QqQ modes were investigated to show the increased
detection time provided by MRM as well as the possibility to perform
dual polarity imaging. This is very beneficial for lipid imaging because
some phospholipid classes ionize in opposite polarity (e.g., phosphatidylcholine/sphingomyelin
in positive ion mode and phosphatidylserine/phosphatidylethanolamine
in negative ion mode). Drug and metabolite images were obtained to
show its strength in drug distribution studies. Multiple MRM transitions
were used to confirm the local presence and selective detection of
pharmaceutical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieke Lamont
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Gert B Eijkel
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | | | - Bryn Flinders
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Shane R Ellis
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Tiffany Porta Siegel
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Ron M A Heeren
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Rob J Vreeken
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry , Maastricht University , 6229 ER Maastricht , The Netherlands.,Janssen Research & Development , B-2340 Beerse , Belgium
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20
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Forest A, Ruiz M, Bouchard B, Boucher G, Gingras O, Daneault C, Frayne IR, Rhainds D, Tardif JC, Rioux JD, Rosiers CD. Comprehensive and Reproducible Untargeted Lipidomic Workflow Using LC-QTOF Validated for Human Plasma Analysis. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:3657-3670. [PMID: 30256116 PMCID: PMC6572761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this work was to develop a label-free, comprehensive, and reproducible high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based untargeted lipidomic workflow using a single instrument, which could be applied to biomarker discovery in both basic and clinical studies. For this, we have (i) optimized lipid extraction and elution to enhance coverage of polar and nonpolar lipids as well as resolution of their isomers, (ii) ensured MS signal reproducibility and linearity, and (iii) developed a bioinformatic pipeline to correct remaining biases. Workflow validation is reported for 48 replicates of a single human plasma sample: 1124 reproducible LC-MS signals were extracted (median signal intensity RSD = 10%), 50% of which are redundant due to adducts, dimers, in-source fragmentation, contaminations, or positive and negative ion duplicates. From the resulting 578 unique compounds, 428 lipids were identified by MS/MS, including acyl chain composition, of which 394 had RSD < 30% inside their linear intensity range, thereby enabling robust semiquantitation. MS signal intensity spanned 4 orders of magnitude, covering 16 lipid subclasses. Finally, the power of our workflow is illustrated by a proof-of-concept study in which 100 samples from healthy human subjects were analyzed and the data set was investigated using three different statistical testing strategies in order to compare their capacity in identifying the impact of sex and age on circulating lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anik Forest
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000
Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8
| | - Matthieu Ruiz
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000
Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8
- Department of Medicine, Université de
Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bertrand Bouchard
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000
Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8
| | - Gabrielle Boucher
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000
Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8
| | - Olivier Gingras
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000
Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8
| | - Caroline Daneault
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000
Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8
| | | | - David Rhainds
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000
Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8
| | | | | | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000
Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8
- Department of Medicine, Université de
Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John D. Rioux
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000
Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8
- Department of Medicine, Université de
Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000
Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8
- Department of Nutrition, Université de
Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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21
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Hsu FF. Mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics - a critical review from the technical point of view. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6387-6409. [PMID: 30094786 PMCID: PMC6195124 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, mass spectrometry (MS)-based "shotgun lipidomics" has emerged as a powerful tool for quantitative and qualitative analysis of the complex lipids in the biological system. The aim of this critical review is to give the interested reader a concise overview of the current state of the technology, focused on lipidomic analysis by mass spectrometry. The pros and cons, and pitfalls associated with each available "shotgun lipidomics" method are discussed; and the new strategies for improving the current methods are described. A list of important papers and reviews that are sufficient rather than comprehensive, covering all the aspects of lipidomics including the workflow, methodology, and fundamentals is also compiled for readers to follow. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fong-Fu Hsu
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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22
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Chao Y, Gao S, Wang X, Li N, Zhao H, Wen X, Lou Z, Dong X. Untargeted lipidomics based on UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and structural characterization reveals dramatic compositional changes in serum and renal lipids in mice with glyoxylate-induced nephrolithiasis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1095:258-266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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23
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Zayed MA, Hsu FF, Patterson BW, Yan Y, Naim U, Darwesh M, De Silva G, Yang C, Semenkovich CF. Diabetes adversely affects phospholipid profiles in human carotid artery endarterectomy plaques. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:730-738. [PMID: 29478028 PMCID: PMC5880490 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m081026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with diabetes are at higher risk of developing carotid artery stenosis and resultant stroke. Arachidonoyl phospholipids affect plaque inflammation and vulnerability, but whether diabetic patients have unique carotid artery phospholipidomic profiles is unknown. We performed a comprehensive paired analysis of phospholipids in extracranial carotid endarterectomy (CEA) plaques of matched diabetic and nondiabetic patients and analyzed mass spectrometry-derived profiles of three phospholipids, plasmenyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (pPE), phosphatidylserine (PS), and phosphatidylinositol (PI), in maximally (MAX) and minimally (MIN) diseased CEA segments. We also measured levels of arachidonic acid (AA), produced by pPE hydrolysis, and choline-ethanolamine phosphotransferase 1 (CEPT1), responsible for most pPE de novo biosynthesis. In paired analysis, MIN CEA segments had higher levels than MAX segments of pPE (P < 0.001), PS (P < 0.001), and PI (P < 0.03). MIN diabetic plaques contained higher levels than MAX diabetic plaques of arachidonoyl pPE38:4 and pPE38:5 and CEPT1 was upregulated in diabetic versus nondiabetic plaques. AA levels were relatively greater in MIN versus MAX segments of all CEA segments, and were higher in diabetic than nondiabetic plaques. Our findings suggest that arachidonoyl phospholipids are more likely to be abundant in the extracranial carotid artery plaque of diabetic rather than nondiabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Zayed
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Center for Human Nutrition Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs St. Louis Health Care System, St. Louis, MO.
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Bruce W Patterson
- Department of Medicine, and Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Uzma Naim
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Center for Human Nutrition Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Malik Darwesh
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Center for Human Nutrition Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Gayan De Silva
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Center for Human Nutrition Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Chao Yang
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Center for Human Nutrition Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Clay F Semenkovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
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24
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Bandu R, Mok HJ, Kim KP. Phospholipids as cancer biomarkers: Mass spectrometry-based analysis. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:107-138. [PMID: 27276657 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Lipids, particularly phospholipids (PLs), are key components of cellular membrane. PLs play important and diverse roles in cells such as chemical-energy storage, cellular signaling, cell membranes, and cell-cell interactions in tissues. All these cellular processes are pertinent to cells that undergo transformation, cancer progression, and metastasis. Thus, there is a strong possibility that some classes of PLs are expected to present in cancer cells and tissues in cellular physiology. The mass spectrometric soft-ionization techniques, electrospray ionization (ESI), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) are well-established in the proteomics field, have been used for lipidomic analysis in cancer research. This review focused on the applications of mass spectrometry (MS) mainly on ESI-MS and MALDI-MS in the structural characterization, molecular composition and key roles of various PLs present in cancer cells, tissues, blood, and urine, and on their importance for cancer-related problems as well as challenges for development of novel PL-based biomarkers. The profiling of PLs helps to rationalize their functions in biological systems, and will also provide diagnostic information to elucidate mechanisms behind the control of cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. The investigation of cellular PLs with MS methods suggests new insights on various cancer diseases and clinical applications in the drug discovery and development of biomarkers for various PL-related different cancer diseases. PL profiling in tissues, cells and body fluids also reflect the general condition of the whole organism and can indicate the existence of cancer and other diseases. PL profiling with MS opens new prospects to assess alterations of PLs in cancer, screening specific biomarkers and provide a basis for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:107-138, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Bandu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in City, 446-701, Korea
| | - Hyuck Jun Mok
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in City, 446-701, Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in City, 446-701, Korea
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25
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Betancourt SK, Canez CR, Shields SWJ, Manthorpe JM, Smith JC, McLuckey SA. Trimethylation Enhancement Using 13C-Diazomethane: Gas-Phase Charge Inversion of Modified Phospholipid Cations for Enhanced Structural Characterization. Anal Chem 2017; 89:9452-9458. [PMID: 28764333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Methylation of phospholipids (PL) leads to increased uniformity in positive electrospray ionization (ESI) efficiencies across the various PL subclasses. This effect is realized in the approach referred to as "trimethylation enhancement using 13C-diazomethane" (13C-TrEnDi), which results in the methyl esterification of all acidic sites and the conversion of amines to quaternary ammonium sites. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of these cationic modified lipids enables class identification by forming distinctive headgroup fragments based on the number of 13C atoms incorporated during derivatization. However, there are no distinctive fragment ions in positive mode that provide fatty acyl information for any of the modified lipids. Gas-phase ion/ion reactions of 13C-TrEnDi-modified phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and sphingomyelin (SM) cations with dicarboxylate anions are shown to charge-invert the positively charged phospholipids to the negative mode. An electrostatically bound complex anion is shown to fragment predominantly via a novel headgroup dication transfer to the reagent anion. Fragmentation of the resulting anionic product yields fatty acyl information, in the case of the glycerophospholipids (PE, PS, and PC), via ester bond cleavage. Analogous information is obtained from modified SM lipid anions via amide bond cleavage. Fragmentation of the anions generated from charge inversion of the 13C-TrEnDi-modified phospholipids was also found to yield lipid class information without having to perform CID in positive mode. The combination of 13C-TrEnDi modification of lipid mixtures with charge inversion to the negative-ion mode retains the advantages of uniform ionization efficiency in the positive-ion mode with the additional structural information available in the negative-ion mode without requiring the lipids to be ionized directly in both ionization modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella K Betancourt
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Carlos R Canez
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University , Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Samuel W J Shields
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University , Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Jeffrey M Manthorpe
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University , Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Jeffrey C Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University , Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Scott A McLuckey
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
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Beccaria M, Inferrera V, Rigano F, Gorynski K, Purcaro G, Pawliszyn J, Dugo P, Mondello L. Highly informative multiclass profiling of lipids by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography – Low resolution (quadrupole) mass spectrometry by using electrospray ionization and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization interfaces. J Chromatogr A 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Triebl A, Trötzmüller M, Hartler J, Stojakovic T, Köfeler HC. Lipidomics by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry and its application to complex biological samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1053:72-80. [PMID: 28415015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
An improved approach for selective and sensitive identification and quantitation of lipid molecular species using reversed phase chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry was developed. The method is applicable to a wide variety of biological matrices using a simple liquid-liquid extraction procedure. Together, this approach combines multiple selectivity criteria: Reversed phase chromatography separates lipids according to their acyl chain length and degree of unsaturation and is capable of resolving positional isomers of lysophospholipids, as well as structural isomers of diacyl phospholipids and glycerolipids. Orbitrap mass spectrometry delivers the elemental composition of both positive and negative ions with high mass accuracy. Finally, automatically generated tandem mass spectra provide structural insight into numerous glycerolipids, phospholipids, and sphingolipids within a single run. Calibration showed linearity ranges of more than four orders of magnitude, good values for accuracy and precision at biologically relevant concentration levels, and limits of quantitation of a few femtomoles on column. Hundreds of lipid molecular species were detected and quantified in three different biological matrices, which cover well the wide variety and complexity of various model organisms in lipidomic research. Together with a software package, this method is a prime choice for global lipidomic analysis of even the most complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Triebl
- Core Facility for Mass Spectrometry, Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Trötzmüller
- Core Facility for Mass Spectrometry, Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Jürgen Hartler
- Institute of Computational Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tatjana Stojakovic
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Harald C Köfeler
- Core Facility for Mass Spectrometry, Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010 Graz, Austria; Omics Center Graz, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
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28
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Araújo FDS, Vieira RL, Molano EPL, Máximo HJ, Dalio RJD, Vendramini PH, Araújo WL, Eberlin MN. Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging reveals chemical defense of Burkholderia seminalis against cacao pathogens. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03895j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DESI-MSI of metabolites identified inB. seminalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. D. S. Araújo
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Campinas
- Brazil
| | - R. L. Vieira
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Campinas
- Brazil
| | - E. P. L. Molano
- Genomic and Expression Laboratory
- Department of Genetics
- Evolution and Bio-agents
- Institute of Biology
- University of Campinas
| | - H. J. Máximo
- Biotechnology Laboratory
- Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira/Agronomic Institute
- Brazil
| | - R. J. D. Dalio
- Biotechnology Laboratory
- Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira/Agronomic Institute
- Brazil
| | - P. H. Vendramini
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Campinas
- Brazil
| | - W. L. Araújo
- Department of Microbiology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- University of São Paulo
- Brazil
| | - M. N. Eberlin
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Campinas
- Brazil
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29
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Atila M, Katselis G, Chumala P, Luo Y. Characterization of N-Succinylation of L-Lysylphosphatidylglycerol in Bacillus subtilis Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2016; 27:1606-1613. [PMID: 27506207 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipids generally dominate in bacterial lipids. The negatively charged nature of phospholipids renders bacteria susceptible to cationic antibiotic peptides. In comparison with Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria in general have much less zwitterionic phosphatidylethanolamine. However, they are known for producing aminoacylated phosphatidylglycerol (PG), especially positively charged L-lysyl-PG, which is catalyzed by lysyl-PG synthase MprF, which appears to have a broad range of specificity for L-aminoacyl transfer RNAs. In addition, many Gram-positive bacteria also have a dlt-gene-coded D-alanylation pathway for lipoteichoic acids and wall teichoic acids covalently attached to a glycolipid or peptidoglycan. D-Alanylation also masks the dominant negative charge of the phosphate-rich polymers of teichoic acids. Using mass spectrometry, we have recently observed that precursor scans in negative mode for deprotonated amino acid fragments were most sensitive for ester-linked amino acids. Such a scan for precursors generating an m/z 145 lysyl anion revealed lysyl-PG as well as an additional species 100 m/z units greater than lysyl-PG. This unexpected species corresponded precisely to the expected mass of N-succinylated lysyl-PG. Tandem mass spectrometry revealed a precise match to the fragmentation pattern of this putative new species. PG, lysyl-PG, and N-succinyl-lysyl-PG may form a complete loop of charge reversal from -1 to +1 and then back to -1. Analogous charge reversal by N-succinylation of lysine residues in the bacterial as well as eukaryotic proteomes has been recently discovered as a major posttranslational modification. Such modification in bacterial lipids is possibly catalyzed by an enzyme homologous to the enzymes that modify lysine residues in proteins. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Atila
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - George Katselis
- Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture/Department of Medicine, Core Mass Spectrometry Facility, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Paulos Chumala
- Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture/Department of Medicine, Core Mass Spectrometry Facility, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Gathungu RM, Stavrovskaya IG, Larrea P, Sniatynski MJ, Kristal BS. Simple LC-MS Method for Differentiation of Isobaric Phosphatidylserines and Phosphatidylcholines with Deuterated Mobile Phase Additives. Anal Chem 2016; 88:9103-10. [PMID: 27532481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Lipids from different classes sometimes can exhibit the same exact mass upon electrospray ionization; this presents an analytical challenge in lipidomics. In the negative ionization mode, for example, this can occur with phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and phosphatidylserines (PSs), making them indistinguishable in the absence of fragmentation data. PSs are found at low concentrations in biological samples, making MS/MS spectra difficult to obtain. Moreover, while PCs and PSs are distinguishable in the positive mode, PSs do not ionize as well as PCs, and their ionization is suppressed by the PCs. Here, we show that, in the negative ionization mode, substituting protiated LC-MS additives with their deuterated forms provides a way to distinguish PCs and PSs without chemical derivatization. The method described leverages the differential ionization mechanism of PCs and PSs. PCs are ionized via adduction with salts, whereas PSs ionize via hydrogen abstraction. Substituting the salts used for LC-MS with their deuterated form shifts the mass of PCs by the number of deuterium atoms in the salt, while the mass of PSs remains the same. This comparative shift enables their direct differentiation. We demonstrate that the use of deuterated formate shifts the mass of PCs and provides a direct method to distinguish PCs and PSs, even at biologically relevant low concentrations. The utility of the method was established and validated in the simultaneous analysis of PCs and PSs in lipid extracts from isolated liver mitochondria in two different rat strains. Thirteen low concentration PSs were identified that would otherwise not have been distinguishable from low concentration PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose M Gathungu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep Medicine and Circadian Disorders, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.,Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Irina G Stavrovskaya
- Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep Medicine and Circadian Disorders, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.,Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Pablo Larrea
- Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep Medicine and Circadian Disorders, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.,Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Matthew J Sniatynski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep Medicine and Circadian Disorders, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.,Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Bruce S Kristal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep Medicine and Circadian Disorders, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.,Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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31
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Essaid D, Rosilio V, Daghildjian K, Solgadi A, Vergnaud J, Kasselouri A, Chaminade P. Artificial plasma membrane models based on lipidomic profiling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:2725-2736. [PMID: 27457703 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid monolayers are often described as membrane models for analyzing drug-lipid interactions. In many works, a single phosphatidylcholine is chosen, sometimes with one or two additional components. Drug penetration is studied at 30mN/m, a surface pressure considered as corresponding to the pressure in bilayers, independently of the density of lipid molecular packing. In this work, we have extracted, identified, and quantified the major lipids constituting the lipidome of plasma and mitochondrial membranes of retinoblastoma (Y79) and retinal pigment epithelium cells (ARPE-19), using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results obtained from this lipidomic analysis were used in an attempt to build an artificial lipid monolayer with a composition mimicking that of the plasma membrane of Y79 cells, better than a single phospholipid. The variety and number of lipid classes and species in cell extracts monolayers exceeding by far those of the phospholipids chosen to mimic them, the π-A isotherms of model monolayers differed from those of lipid extracts in shape and apparent packing density. We propose a model monolayer based on the most abundant species identified in the extracts, with a surface compressional modulus at 30mN/m close to the one of the lipid extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donia Essaid
- Institut Galien Paris Sud, UMR 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.B. Clément, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France; Lip(Sys)(2), Chimie Analytique Pharmaceutique (FKA EA4041 Groupe de Chimie Analytique de Paris-Sud), Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Véronique Rosilio
- Institut Galien Paris Sud, UMR 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.B. Clément, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Katia Daghildjian
- Institut Galien Paris Sud, UMR 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.B. Clément, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Audrey Solgadi
- Institut Paris-Saclay d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMS IPSIT SAMM, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Juliette Vergnaud
- Institut Galien Paris Sud, UMR 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.B. Clément, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Athena Kasselouri
- Lip(Sys)(2), Chimie Analytique Pharmaceutique (FKA EA4041 Groupe de Chimie Analytique de Paris-Sud), Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Pierre Chaminade
- Lip(Sys)(2), Chimie Analytique Pharmaceutique (FKA EA4041 Groupe de Chimie Analytique de Paris-Sud), Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Bioprospecting of Marine Macrophytes Using MS-Based Lipidomics as a New Approach. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:md14030049. [PMID: 27005634 PMCID: PMC4820303 DOI: 10.3390/md14030049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine environment supports a remarkable diversity of organisms which are a potential source of natural products with biological activities. These organisms include a wide variety of marine plants (from micro- to macrophytes), which have been used in the food and pharmaceutical industry. However, the biochemistry and biological activities of many of these macrophytes (namely macroalgae and halophytes, including seagrasses) are still far from being fully explored. Most popular bioactive components include polysaccharides, peptides, phenolics and fatty acids (FAs). Polar lipids (glycolipids, phospholipids and betaine lipids) are emerging as novel value-added bioactive phytochemicals, rich in n-3 FA, with high nutritional value and health beneficial effects for the prevention of chronic diseases. Polar lipids account various combinations of polar groups, fatty acyl chains and backbone structures. The polar lipidome of macrophytes is remarkably diverse, and its screening represents a significant analytical challenge. Modern research platforms, particularly mass spectrometry (MS)-based lipidomic approaches, have been recently used to address this challenge and are here reviewed. The application of lipidomics to address lipid composition of marine macrophytes will contribute to the stimulation of further research on this group and foster the exploration of novel applications.
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Melo T, Domingues P, Ferreira R, Milic I, Fedorova M, Santos SM, Segundo MA, Domingues MRM. Recent Advances on Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Nitrated Phospholipids. Anal Chem 2016; 88:2622-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ivana Milic
- Institute
of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
- Center
for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Fedorova
- Institute
of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
- Center
for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sérgio M. Santos
- Department
of Chemistry and CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marcela A. Segundo
- UCIBIO,
REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Rosário M. Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Walczak J, Pomastowski P, Bocian S, Buszewski B. Determination of phospholipids in milk using a new phosphodiester stationary phase by liquid chromatography-matrix assisted desorption ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1432:39-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.12.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fazlollahi F, Kongmanas K, Tanphaichitr N, Suh J, Faull K, Gopen Q. Lipidomic profiling of mastoid bone and tissue from patients with chronic otomastoiditis. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 19:141-50. [PMID: 25992170 PMCID: PMC4399193 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1396522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic otomastoiditis causes pain, otorrhea, and hearing loss resulting from the growth of tissue within the normally hollow mastoid cavity. Objectives In this report, we used a lipidomics approach to profile major mastoid bone and tissue lipids from patients with and without otomastoiditis. Methods The bone dust created during mastoidectomy, as well as the mastoid tissue, was analyzed from seven patients. Bone dust was also collected and analyzed in an additional four otologic cases (parotidectomy requiring mastoidectomy). Samples were subjected to a modified Bligh/Dyer lipid extraction, then high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), combined gas chromatography/electron impact-mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS), and flow-injection/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (FI/ESI-MSMS). Data were analyzed for identification and profiling of major lipid components. Results HPTLC revealed the presence of various lipid classes, including phosphatidylcholines, cholesterol, and triacylglycerols. GC/EI-MS analysis revealed the presence of cholesterol and several fatty acids. FI/ESI-MSMS analysis revealed a host of phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and cholesteryl esters. Conclusion We used a lipidomics approach to develop an efficient (both in time and tissue amount) methodology for analysis of these tissues, identify the most abundant and common lipid species, and create a base of knowledge from which more focused endeavors in biomarker discovery can emerge. In an effort toward improved patient categorization and individualized intervention, the ultimate goal of this work is to correlate these lipid molecules to disease state and progression. This is the first reported study of its kind on these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Fazlollahi
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Kessiri Kongmanas
- Department of Biochemistry/Microbiology/Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nongnuj Tanphaichitr
- Department of Biochemistry/Microbiology/Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA Health System, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Kym Faull
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Quinton Gopen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA Health System, Los Angeles, California, United States
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36
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Fazlollahi F, Kongmanas K, Tanphaichitr N, Mallen-St Clair J, Gopen Q, Faull KF, Suh JD. Lipidomic profiling of sinus mucosa from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Clin Transl Sci 2015; 8:107-15. [PMID: 25588779 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sinusitis is a cause of significant morbidity, substantial healthcare costs, and negative effects on quality of life. The primary objective of this study is to characterize the previously unknown lipid profile of sinonasal mucosa from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and from controls. Sinus mucosa samples were analyzed from 9 CRS patients with concomitant nasal polyps, 11 CRS patients without polyps, and 12 controls. Ten lone polyp samples were also analyzed. Samples were subjected to a modified Bligh/Dyer lipid extraction, then high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), combined gas chromatography/electron impact-mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS), and flow-injection/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (FI/ESI-MS/MS). Data was analyzed for identification and profiling of major components. HPTLC revealed an array of species reflecting the lipid complexity of the samples. GC/EI-MS revealed cholesterol and several fatty acids. FI/ESI-MSMS revealed numerous lipid species, namely a host of phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, ceramides and cholesteryl esters, but no detectable amounts of phosphatidyinositols or sulfated lipids. These results are a first step to uncover unique molecular biomarkers in CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Fazlollahi
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, NPI-Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA Health System, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Almeida R, Pauling JK, Sokol E, Hannibal-Bach HK, Ejsing CS. Comprehensive lipidome analysis by shotgun lipidomics on a hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap-linear ion trap mass spectrometer. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:133-148. [PMID: 25391725 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-1013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Here we report on the application of a novel shotgun lipidomics platform featuring an Orbitrap Fusion mass spectrometer equipped with an automated nanoelectrospray ion source. To assess the performance of the platform for in-depth lipidome analysis, we evaluated various instrument parameters, including its high resolution power unsurpassed by any other contemporary Orbitrap instrumentation, its dynamic quantification range and its efficacy for in-depth structural characterization of molecular lipid species by quadrupole-based higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), and ion trap-based resonant-excitation collision-induced dissociation (CID). This evaluation demonstrated that FTMS analysis with a resolution setting of 450,000 allows distinguishing isotopes from different lipid species and features a linear dynamic quantification range of at least four orders of magnitude. Evaluation of fragmentation analysis demonstrated that combined use of HCD and CID yields complementary fragment ions of molecular lipid species. To support global lipidome analysis, we designed a method, termed MS(ALL), featuring high resolution FTMS analysis for lipid quantification, and FTMS(2) analysis using both HCD and CID and ITMS(3) analysis utilizing dual CID for in-depth structural characterization of molecular glycerophospholipid species. The performance of the MS(ALL) method was benchmarked in a comparative analysis of mouse cerebellum and hippocampus. This analysis demonstrated extensive lipidome quantification covering 311 lipid species encompassing 20 lipid classes, and identification of 202 distinct molecular glycerophospholipid species when applying a novel high confidence filtering strategy. The work presented here validates the performance of the Orbitrap Fusion mass spectrometer for in-depth lipidome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinaldo Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark
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Abstract
Glycerophospholipids are phosphodiesters of glycerol and an alcohol referred to as the polar headgroup. The two glycerol carbinol groups are typically esterified with long chain fatty acyl groups which impart hydrophobic character to these otherwise polar molecules. The simplest glycerophospholipid is phosphatidic acid which is a monophosphoester of diacylglycerol. The common polar headgroups are choline, ethanolamine, serine, inositol, and glycerol which divide the phospholipids into different classes. This chapter discusses glycerophosphocholine lipids (PC), glycerophosphoethanolamine lipids (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), bis(acyl-lysophosphatidyl)glycerol (BMP) and cardiolipin.
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Bhuiyan M, Tucker D, Watson K. Electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry analysis of phospholipid molecular species from Antarctic and non-Antarctic yeasts. J Microbiol Methods 2014; 105:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2014.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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40
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DESI-MS as a tool for direct lipid analysis in cultured cells. Cytotechnology 2014; 67:1085-91. [PMID: 24801580 PMCID: PMC4628929 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9734-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Desorption electrospray ionization may be used as a fast and convenient method for analysis and identification of lipids in the cell culture. Oxidative stress, which usually involves changes in lipids, was used as a model of pathology to show the utility of this analysis methodology. This paper addresses the surface preparation of cell culture slides, induction of oxidative stress, and cell monolayer culture preparation as well as optimization of the analysis. Advantages and drawbacks of the method were also discussed.
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Maciel E, Neves BM, Santinha D, Reis A, Domingues P, Teresa Cruz M, Pitt AR, Spickett CM, Domingues MRM. Detection of phosphatidylserine with a modified polar head group in human keratinocytes exposed to the radical generator AAPH. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 548:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kim SJ, Back SH, Koh JM, Yoo HJ. Quantitative determination of major platelet activating factors from human plasma. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:3111-8. [PMID: 24682147 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7736-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Platelet activating factor (PAF) is a potent lipid mediator that is involved in many important biological functions, including platelet aggregation and neuronal differentiation. Although an ELISA assay has been used to measure PAF levels, it cannot distinguish between its isoforms. To achieve this, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been used instead. However, isobaric lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso PC), which is often present in large amounts in complex biological samples and has similar retention times in many LC conditions, can affect the accurate measurement of PAF. The present study examined the fragmentation behavior of major PAF and lyso PC during various MS/MS conditions. Fragment ions at m/z 184 and at m/z 104 were abundantly observed from MS/MS of lyso PCs. PAF provided a dominant fragment ion at m/z 184, but a fragment ion at m/z 104 was almost never produced, regardless of the collision energy. Thus, the two fragment ions at m/z 184 and m/z 104 were used to accurately measure PAF levels. First, the fragment ion at m/z 184 and the retention time of PAF in LC-MS/MS were used to identify and quantitate PAF. However, if there were small retention time shifts, which are common in multiple sample runs, and lipid composition in a sample is very complicated, the fragment ion at m/z 104 was used to confirm whether the fragment ion at m/z 184 belonged to PAF. This novel method accurately determined the major PAF (C16:0 PAF, C18:0 PAF, and C18:1 PAF) levels in human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jung Kim
- Biomedical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea
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43
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Molecular assessment of surgical-resection margins of gastric cancer by mass-spectrometric imaging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:2436-41. [PMID: 24550265 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1400274111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical resection is the main curative option for gastrointestinal cancers. The extent of cancer resection is commonly assessed during surgery by pathologic evaluation of (frozen sections of) the tissue at the resected specimen margin(s) to verify whether cancer is present. We compare this method to an alternative procedure, desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometric imaging (DESI-MSI), for 62 banked human cancerous and normal gastric-tissue samples. In DESI-MSI, microdroplets strike the tissue sample, the resulting splash enters a mass spectrometer, and a statistical analysis, here, the Lasso method (which stands for least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and which is a multiclass logistic regression with L1 penalty), is applied to classify tissues based on the molecular information obtained directly from DESI-MSI. The methodology developed with 28 frozen training samples of clear histopathologic diagnosis showed an overall accuracy value of 98% for the 12,480 pixels evaluated in cross-validation (CV), and 97% when a completely independent set of samples was tested. By applying an additional spatial smoothing technique, the accuracy for both CV and the independent set of samples was 99% compared with histological diagnoses. To test our method for clinical use, we applied it to a total of 21 tissue-margin samples prospectively obtained from nine gastric-cancer patients. The results obtained suggest that DESI-MSI/Lasso may be valuable for routine intraoperative assessment of the specimen margins during gastric-cancer surgery.
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Zemski Berry KA, Gordon WC, Murphy RC, Bazan NG. Spatial organization of lipids in the human retina and optic nerve by MALDI imaging mass spectrometry. J Lipid Res 2013; 55:504-15. [PMID: 24367044 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m044990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
MALDI imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) was used to characterize lipid species within sections of human eyes. Common phospholipids that are abundant in most tissues were not highly localized and observed throughout the accessory tissue, optic nerve, and retina. Triacylglycerols were highly localized in accessory tissue, whereas sulfatide and plasmalogen glycerophosphoethanolamine (PE) lipids with a monounsaturated fatty acid were found enriched in the optic nerve. Additionally, several lipids were associated solely with the inner retina, photoreceptors, or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE); a plasmalogen PE lipid containing DHA (22:6), PE(P-18:0/22:6), was present exclusively in the inner retina, and DHA-containing glycerophosphatidylcholine (PC) and PE lipids were found solely in photoreceptors. PC lipids containing very long chain (VLC)-PUFAs were detected in photoreceptors despite their low abundance in the retina. Ceramide lipids and the bis-retinoid, N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine, was tentatively identified and found only in the RPE. This MALDI IMS study readily revealed the location of many lipids that have been associated with degenerative retinal diseases. Complex lipid localization within retinal tissue provides a global view of lipid organization and initial evidence for specific functions in localized regions, offering opportunities to assess their significance in retinal diseases, such as macular degeneration, where lipids have been implicated in the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin A Zemski Berry
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045; and
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45
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Maciel E, Faria R, Santinha D, Domingues MRM, Domingues P. Evaluation of oxidation and glyco-oxidation of 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-phosphatidylserine by LC–MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 929:76-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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46
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Garrett TA, Schmeitzel JL, Klein JA, Hwang JJ, Schwarz JA. Comparative lipid profiling of the cnidarian Aiptasia pallida and its dinoflagellate symbiont. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57975. [PMID: 23483956 PMCID: PMC3587569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Corals and other cnidarians house photosynthetic dinoflagellate symbionts within membrane-bound compartments inside gastrodermal cells. Nutritional interchanges between the partners produce carbohydrates and lipids for metabolism, growth, energy stores, and cellular structures. Although lipids play a central role in the both the energetics and the structural/morphological features of the symbiosis, previous research has primarily focused on the fatty acid and neutral lipid composition of the host and symbiont. In this study we conducted a mass spectrometry-based survey of the lipidomic changes associated with symbiosis in the sea anemone Aiptasia pallida, an important model system for coral symbiosis. Lipid extracts from A. pallida in and out of symbiosis with its symbiont Symbiodinium were prepared and analyzed using negative-ion electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Through this analysis we have identified, by exact mass and collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry (MS/MS), several classes of glycerophospholipids in A. pallida. Several molecular species of di-acyl phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylserine as well as 1-alkyl, 2-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidycholine were identified. The 1-alkyl, 2-acyl PEs are acid sensitive suggestive that they are plasmalogen PEs possessing a double bond at the 1-position of the alkyl linked chain. In addition, we identified several molecular species of phosphonosphingolipids called ceramide aminoethylphosphonates in anemone lipid extracts by the release of a characteristic negative product ion at m/z 124.014 during MS/MS analysis. Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG), an anionic lipid often found in photosynthetic organisms, was identified as a prominent component of Symbiodinium lipid extracts. A comparison of anemone lipid profiles revealed a subset of lipids that show dramatic differences in abundance when anemones are in the symbiotic state as compared to the non-symbiotic state. The data generated in this analysis will serve as a resource to further investigate the role of lipids in symbiosis between Symbiodinium and A. pallida.
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Lim S, Byeon SK, Lee JY, Moon MH. Computational approach to structural identification of phospholipids using raw mass spectra from nanoflow liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2012; 47:1004-1014. [PMID: 22899509 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A qualitative analysis tool (LiPilot) for identifying phospholipids (PLs), including lysophospholipids (LPLs), from biological mixtures is introduced. The developed algorithm utilizes raw data obtained from nanoflow liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry experiments of lipid mixture samples including retention time and m/z values of precursor and fragment ions from data-dependent, collision-induced dissociation. Library files based on typical fragmentation patterns of PLs generated with an LTQ-Velos ion trap mass spectrometer are used to identify PL or LPL species by comparing experimental fragment ions with typical fragment ions in the library file. Identification is aided by calculating a confidence score developed in our laboratory to maximize identification efficiency. Analysis includes the influence of total ion intensities of matched and unmatched fragment ions, the difference in m/z values between observed and theoretical fragment ions, and a weighting factor used to differentiate regioisomers through data filtration. The present study focused on targeted identification of particular PL classes. The identification software was evaluated using a mixture of 24 PL and LPL standards. The software was further tested with a human urinary PL mixture sample, with 93 PLs and 22 LPLs identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangsoo Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
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Chen S, Belikova NA, Subbaiah PV. Structural elucidation of molecular species of pacific oyster ether amino phospholipids by normal-phase liquid chromatography/negative-ion electrospray ionization and quadrupole/multiple-stage linear ion-trap mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 735:76-89. [PMID: 22713920 PMCID: PMC3566561 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Although marine oysters contain abundant amounts of ether-linked aminophospholipids, the structural identification of the various molecular species has not been reported. We developed a normal-phase silica liquid chromatography/negative-ion electrospray ionization/quadrupole multiple-stage linear ion-trap mass spectrometric (NPLC-NI-ESI/Q-TRAP-MS(3)) method for the structural elucidation of ether molecular species of serine and ethanolamine phospholipids from marine oysters. The major advantages of the approach are (i) to avoid incorrect selection of isobaric precursor ions derived from different phospholipid classes in a lipid mixture, and to generate informative and clear MS(n) product ion mass spectra of the species for the identification of the sn-1 plasmanyl or plasmenyl linkages, and (ii) to increase precursor ion intensities by "concentrating" lipid molecules of each phospholipid class for further structural determination of minor molecular species. Employing a combination of NPLC-NI-ESI/MS(3) and NPLC-NI-ESI/MS(2), we elucidated, for the first time, the chemical structures of docosahexaenoyl and eicosapentaenoyl plasmenyl phosphatidylserine (PS) species and differentiated up to six isobaric species of diacyl/alkylacyl/alkenylacyl phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in the US pacific oysters. The presence of a high content of both omega-3 plasmenyl PS/plasmenyl PE species and multiple isobaric molecular species isomers is the noteworthy characteristic of the marine oyster. The simple and robust NPLC-NI-ESI/MS(n)-based methodology should be particularly valuable in the detailed characterization of marine lipid dietary supplements with respect to omega-3 aminophospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Chen
- CHAINON Neurotrophin Biotechnology Inc., San Antonio, TX 78230, USA.
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49
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Hartler J, Tharakan R, Köfeler HC, Graham DR, Thallinger GG. Bioinformatics tools and challenges in structural analysis of lipidomics MS/MS data. Brief Bioinform 2012; 14:375-90. [PMID: 22764120 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbs030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipidomics, the systematic study of the lipid composition of a cell or tissue, is an invaluable complement to knowledge gained by genomics and proteomics research. Mass spectrometry provides a means to detect hundreds of lipids in parallel, and this includes low abundance species of lipids. Nevertheless, frequently occurring isobaric and isomeric lipid species complicate lipidomics analyses from an analytical and bioinformatics perspective. Various MS/MS strategies have evolved to resolve ambiguous identifications of lipid species, and these strategies have been supported by corresponding bioinformatics analysis tools. This review intends to familiarize readers with available bioinformatics MS/MS analysis tools and databases, the structural information obtainable from these, and their applicability to different MS/MS strategies. Finally, future challenges in detecting double bond positions are investigated from a bioinformatics perspective.
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50
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Sparvero L, Amoscato A, Dixon C, Long J, Kochanek P, Pitt B, Bayir H, Kagan V. Mapping of phospholipids by MALDI imaging (MALDI-MSI): realities and expectations. Chem Phys Lipids 2012; 165:545-62. [PMID: 22692104 PMCID: PMC3642772 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) has emerged as a novel powerful MS methodology that has the ability to generate both molecular and spatial information within a tissue section. Application of this technology as a new type of biochemical lipid microscopy may lead to new discoveries of the lipid metabolism and biomarkers associated with area-specific alterations or damage under stress/disease conditions such as traumatic brain injury or acute lung injury, among others. However there are limitations in the range of what it can detect as compared with liquid chromatography-MS (LC-MS) of a lipid extract from a tissue section. The goal of the current work was to critically consider remarkable new opportunities along with the limitations and approaches for further improvements of MALDI-MSI. Based on our experimental data and assessments, improvements of the spectral and spatial resolution, sensitivity and specificity towards low abundance species of lipids are proposed. This is followed by a review of the current literature, including methodologies that other laboratories have used to overcome these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.J. Sparvero
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - A.A. Amoscato
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - C.E. Dixon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - J.B. Long
- Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 21910, USA
| | - P.M. Kochanek
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - B.R. Pitt
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - H. Bayir
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - V.E. Kagan
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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