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Tóth AD, Szalai B, Kovács OT, Garger D, Prokop S, Soltész-Katona E, Balla A, Inoue A, Várnai P, Turu G, Hunyady L. G protein-coupled receptor endocytosis generates spatiotemporal bias in β-arrestin signaling. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eadi0934. [PMID: 38917219 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adi0934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The stabilization of different active conformations of G protein-coupled receptors is thought to underlie the varying efficacies of biased and balanced agonists. Here, profiling the activation of signal transducers by angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) agonists revealed that the extent and kinetics of β-arrestin binding exhibited substantial ligand-dependent differences, which were lost when receptor internalization was inhibited. When AT1R endocytosis was prevented, even weak partial agonists of the β-arrestin pathway acted as full or near-full agonists, suggesting that receptor conformation did not exclusively determine β-arrestin recruitment. The ligand-dependent variance in β-arrestin translocation was much larger at endosomes than at the plasma membrane, showing that ligand efficacy in the β-arrestin pathway was spatiotemporally determined. Experimental investigations and mathematical modeling demonstrated how multiple factors concurrently shaped the effects of agonists on endosomal receptor-β-arrestin binding and thus determined the extent of functional selectivity. Ligand dissociation rate and G protein activity had particularly strong, internalization-dependent effects on the receptor-β-arrestin interaction. We also showed that endocytosis regulated the agonist efficacies of two other receptors with sustained β-arrestin binding: the V2 vasopressin receptor and a mutant β2-adrenergic receptor. In the absence of endocytosis, the agonist-dependent variance in β-arrestin2 binding was markedly diminished. Our results suggest that endocytosis determines the spatiotemporal bias in GPCR signaling and can aid in the development of more efficacious, functionally selective compounds.
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MESH Headings
- Endocytosis/physiology
- Humans
- Signal Transduction
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics
- beta-Arrestins/metabolism
- beta-Arrestins/genetics
- HEK293 Cells
- Receptors, Vasopressin/metabolism
- Receptors, Vasopressin/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/genetics
- Endosomes/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Animals
- Ligands
- Protein Binding
- Protein Transport
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Affiliation(s)
- András D Tóth
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Centre of Excellence of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi utca 46, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Szalai
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Centre of Excellence of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya T Kovács
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Garger
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Prokop
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Soltész-Katona
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Centre of Excellence of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Balla
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Research Network, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578 Japan
| | - Péter Várnai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Research Network, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Turu
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Centre of Excellence of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hunyady
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Centre of Excellence of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
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2
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Tóth AD, Soltész-Katona E, Kis K, Guti V, Gilzer S, Prokop S, Boros R, Misák Á, Balla A, Várnai P, Turiák L, Ács A, Drahos L, Inoue A, Hunyady L, Turu G. ArreSTick motif controls β-arrestin-binding stability and extends phosphorylation-dependent β-arrestin interactions to non-receptor proteins. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114241. [PMID: 38758647 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The binding and function of β-arrestins are regulated by specific phosphorylation motifs present in G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, the exact arrangement of phosphorylated amino acids responsible for establishing a stable interaction remains unclear. We employ a 1D sequence convolution model trained on GPCRs with established β-arrestin-binding properties. With this approach, amino acid motifs characteristic of GPCRs that form stable interactions with β-arrestins can be identified, a pattern that we name "arreSTick." Intriguingly, the arreSTick pattern is also present in numerous non-receptor proteins. Using proximity biotinylation assay and mass spectrometry analysis, we demonstrate that the arreSTick motif controls the interaction between many non-receptor proteins and β-arrestin2. The HIV-1 Tat-specific factor 1 (HTSF1 or HTATSF1), a nuclear transcription factor, contains the arreSTick pattern, and its subcellular localization is influenced by β-arrestin2. Our findings unveil a broader role for β-arrestins in phosphorylation-dependent interactions, extending beyond GPCRs to encompass non-receptor proteins as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Dávid Tóth
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Centre of Excellence of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2., 1117 Budapest, Hungary; Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi street 46, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Soltész-Katona
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Centre of Excellence of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2., 1117 Budapest, Hungary; Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Kis
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Guti
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sharon Gilzer
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Susanne Prokop
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Roxána Boros
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Misák
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Balla
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; HUN-REN SE Hungarian Research Network Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Várnai
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; HUN-REN SE Hungarian Research Network Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Turiák
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2., 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Ács
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2., 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Drahos
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2., 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - László Hunyady
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Centre of Excellence of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2., 1117 Budapest, Hungary; Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Turu
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Centre of Excellence of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2., 1117 Budapest, Hungary; Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.
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Adamczuk K, Ngo TH, Czapiński J, Rivero-Müller A. Glycoprotein-glycoprotein Receptor Binding Detection Using Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer. Endocrinology 2024; 165:bqae052. [PMID: 38679471 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqae052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The glycoprotein receptors, members of the large G protein-coupled receptor family, are characterized by a large extracellular domains responsible for binding their glycoprotein hormones. Hormone-receptor interactions are traditionally analyzed by ligand-binding assays, most often using radiolabeling but also by thermal shift assays. Despite their high sensitivity, these assays require appropriate laboratory conditions and, often, purified plasma cell membranes, which do not provide information on receptor localization or activity because the assays typically focus on measuring binding only. Here, we apply bioluminescence resonance energy transfer in living cells to determine hormone-receptor interactions between a Gaussia luciferase (Gluc)-luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) fusion and its ligands (human chorionic gonadotropin or LH) fused to the enhanced green fluorescent protein. The Gluc-LHCGR, as well as other Gluc-G protein-coupled receptors such as the somatostatin and the C-X-C motif chemokine receptors, is expressed on the plasma membrane, where luminescence activity is equal to membrane receptor expression, and is fully functional. The chimeric enhanced green fluorescent protein-ligands are properly secreted from cells and able to bind and activate the wild-type LHCGR as well as the Gluc-LHCGR. Finally, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer was used to determine the interactions between clinically relevant mutations of the hormones and the LHCGR that show that this bioassay provides a fast and effective, safe, and cost-efficient tool to assist the molecular characterization of mutations in either the receptor or ligand and that it is compatible with downstream cellular assays to determine receptor activation/function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Adamczuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Thu Ha Ngo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jakub Czapiński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Adolfo Rivero-Müller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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4
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Hong JM, Lee JW, Seen DS, Jeong JY, Huh WK. LPA1-mediated inhibition of CXCR4 attenuates CXCL12-induced signaling and cell migration. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:257. [PMID: 37749552 PMCID: PMC10518940 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01261-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND G protein-coupled receptor heteromerization is believed to exert dynamic regulatory impact on signal transduction. CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and its ligand CXCL12, both of which are overexpressed in many cancers, play a pivotal role in metastasis. Likewise, lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA1) is implicated in cancer cell proliferation and migration. In our preliminary study, we identified LPA1 as a prospective CXCR4 interactor. In the present study, we investigated in detail the formation of the CXCR4-LPA1 heteromer and characterized the unique molecular features and function of this heteromer. METHODS We employed bimolecular fluorescence complementation, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, and proximity ligation assays to demonstrate heteromerization between CXCR4 and LPA1. To elucidate the distinctive molecular characteristics and functional implications of the CXCR4-LPA1 heteromer, we performed various assays, including cAMP, BRET for G protein activation, β-arrestin recruitment, ligand binding, and transwell migration assays. RESULTS We observed that CXCR4 forms heteromers with LPA1 in recombinant HEK293A cells and the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Coexpression of LPA1 with CXCR4 reduced CXCL12-mediated cAMP inhibition, ERK activation, Gαi/o activation, and β-arrestin recruitment, while CXCL12 binding to CXCR4 remained unaffected. In contrast, CXCR4 had no impact on LPA1-mediated signaling. The addition of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) further hindered CXCL12-induced Gαi/o recruitment to CXCR4. LPA or alkyl-OMPT inhibited CXCL12-induced migration in various cancer cells that endogenously express both CXCR4 and LPA1. Conversely, CXCL12-induced calcium signaling and migration were increased in LPAR1 knockout cells, and LPA1-selective antagonists enhanced CXCL12-induced Gαi/o signaling and cell migration in the parental MDA-MB-231 cells but not in LPA1-deficient cells. Ultimately, complete inhibition of cell migration toward CXCL12 and alkyl-OMPT was only achieved in the presence of both CXCR4 and LPA1 antagonists. CONCLUSIONS The presence and impact of CXCR4-LPA1 heteromers on CXCL12-induced signaling and cell migration have been evidenced across various cell lines. This discovery provides crucial insights into a valuable regulatory mechanism of CXCR4 through heteromerization. Moreover, our findings propose a therapeutic potential in combined CXCR4 and LPA1 inhibitors for cancer and inflammatory diseases associated with these receptors, simultaneously raising concerns about the use of LPA1 antagonists alone for such conditions. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Hong
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seung Seen
- GPCR Therapeutics Inc, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08790, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yeon Jeong
- GPCR Therapeutics Inc, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08790, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Ki Huh
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Beyond luciferase-luciferin system: Modification, improved imaging and biomedical application. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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6
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Ohmuro-Matsuyama Y, Furuta T, Matsui H, Kanai M, Ueda H. Miniaturization of Bright Light-Emitting Luciferase ALuc: picALuc. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:864-872. [PMID: 35293729 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Luciferases are widely used as sensitive reporters in various fields ranging from basic biology to medical diagnosis, public health, and food inspection. Scientists have isolated novel luciferases from bioluminescent organisms and concentrated on improving their brightness and thermostability. Recently, small bright luciferases such as artificial luciferase (ALuc) (21 kDa), NanoLuc (19 kDa), GLuc (18 kDa), and TurboLuc (16 kDa) have been reported. However, smaller, brighter, and more stable luciferases are desired for further applications. Here, we constructed the smallest and bright mutant of ALuc, named "picALuc" (13 kDa). picALuc retained the luminescence activity of the full-length ALuc; moreover, its brightness and thermostability were at the same levels as NanoLuc. Furthermore, we showed the advantage of picALuc for the bioluminescence resonance energy transfer-based assay due to its smallness. Our development has opened the door for wider and more practical applications of luciferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ohmuro-Matsuyama
- Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto 619-0237, Japan
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Tadaomi Furuta
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hayato Matsui
- Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto 619-0237, Japan
| | - Masaki Kanai
- Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto 619-0237, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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Larionova MD, Markova SV, Vysotski ES. Production of Copepod Luciferases via Baculovirus Expression System. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2524:75-89. [PMID: 35821464 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2453-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Secreted copepod luciferases (CopLucs) represent highly homologous enzymes which catalyze the oxidation of a low molecular weight substrate, coelenterazine, with the emission of blue light (λmax = 485-488 nm), that is called bioluminescence (BL). The well-studied Gaussia (GLuc) and Metridia (MLuc) luciferases originally cloned from the marine copepods Gaussia princeps and Metridia longa belong to the group of the smallest natural luciferases. Their minimal molecular weight, high luminescent activity, cofactor-independent BL, and the ability to be secreted due to the own signal peptide open up the horizons for genetic engineering of CopLuc-based sensitive biosensors for in vivo imaging and in vitro analytical applications. The "standard" soluble bacterial expression of the recombinant CopLucs and luciferase-based hybrid proteins is hampered by the presence of high amounts of intramolecular disulfide bonds (up to 5 per molecule). Here, we describe the universal protocol for highly effective secreted expression of disulfide-rich CopLucs using their own signal peptide in insect cells and their purification from serum-free culture medium. The suggested protocol allows obtaining high-purity CopLucs folded in their native form with the yield of up to 5 mg per liter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina D Larionova
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Markova
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Eugene S Vysotski
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
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Prokop S, Ábrányi-Balogh P, Barti B, Vámosi M, Zöldi M, Barna L, Urbán GM, Tóth AD, Dudok B, Egyed A, Deng H, Leggio GM, Hunyady L, van der Stelt M, Keserű GM, Katona I. PharmacoSTORM nanoscale pharmacology reveals cariprazine binding on Islands of Calleja granule cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6505. [PMID: 34764251 PMCID: PMC8586358 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26757-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunolabeling and autoradiography have traditionally been applied as the methods-of-choice to visualize and collect molecular information about physiological and pathological processes. Here, we introduce PharmacoSTORM super-resolution imaging that combines the complementary advantages of these approaches and enables cell-type- and compartment-specific nanoscale molecular measurements. We exploited rational chemical design for fluorophore-tagged high-affinity receptor ligands and an enzyme inhibitor; and demonstrated broad PharmacoSTORM applicability for three protein classes and for cariprazine, a clinically approved antipsychotic and antidepressant drug. Because the neurobiological substrate of cariprazine has remained elusive, we took advantage of PharmacoSTORM to provide in vivo evidence that cariprazine predominantly binds to D3 dopamine receptors on Islands of Calleja granule cell axons but avoids dopaminergic terminals. These findings show that PharmacoSTORM helps to quantify drug-target interaction sites at the nanoscale level in a cell-type- and subcellular context-dependent manner and within complex tissue preparations. Moreover, the results highlight the underappreciated neuropsychiatric significance of the Islands of Calleja in the ventral forebrain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Prokop
- Momentum Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- School of Ph.D. Studies, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Ábrányi-Balogh
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Benjámin Barti
- Momentum Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- School of Ph.D. Studies, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Márton Vámosi
- Momentum Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Zöldi
- Momentum Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- School of Ph.D. Studies, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - László Barna
- Nikon Center of Excellence for Neuronal Imaging, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella M Urbán
- Momentum Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Dávid Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barna Dudok
- Momentum Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Attila Egyed
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hui Deng
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University & Oncode Institute, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gian Marco Leggio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - László Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mario van der Stelt
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University & Oncode Institute, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - György M Keserű
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Katona
- Momentum Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
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