1
|
Kono H, Hara S, Furuta T, Ichinose H. Binding profile of quinonoid-dihydrobiopterin to quinonoid-dihydropteridine reductase examined by in silico and in vitro analyses. J Biochem 2023; 174:441-450. [PMID: 37540845 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Quinonoid dihydropteridine reductase (QDPR) catalyses the reduction of quinonoid-form dihydrobiopterin (qBH2) to tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). BH4 metabolism is a drug target for neglected tropical disorders because trypanosomatid protozoans, including Leishmania and Trypanosoma, require exogenous sources of biopterin for growth. Although QDPR is a key enzyme for maintaining intracellular BH4 levels, the precise catalytic properties and reaction mechanisms of QDPR are poorly understood due to the instability of quinonoid-form substrates. In this study, we analysed the binding profile of qBH2 to human QDPR in combination with in silico and in vitro methods. First, we performed docking simulation of qBH2 to QDPR to obtain possible binding modes of qBH2 at the active site of QDPR. Then, among them, we determined the most plausible binding mode using molecular dynamics simulations revealing its atomic-level interactions and confirmed it with the in vitro assay of mutant enzymes. Moreover, it was found that not only qBH2 but also quinonoid-form dihydrofolate (qDHF) could be potential physiological substrates for QDPR, suggesting that QDPR may be a bifunctional enzyme. These findings in this study provide important insights into biopterin and folate metabolism and would be useful for developing drugs for neglected tropical diseases.
Collapse
Key Words
- molecular dynamics
- pteridine reductase
- quinonoid-dihydropteridine reductase
- tetrahydrobiopterinAbbreviations:
AAAH, aromatic aminoacid hydroxylase;
BH2, dihydrobiopterin; BH4, tetrahydrobiopterin; DHFR, dihydrofolate reductase; NADH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NAM, nicotinamide; MD, molecular dynamics; PT, pterin; PTR1, pteridine reductase 1; qBH2; quinonoid dihydrobiopterin; qDHF, quinonoid dihydrofolate; QDPR, quinonoid dihydropteridine reductase; SDR, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase; THF, tetrahydrofolate
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Kono
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B7, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hara
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B7, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Tadaomi Furuta
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B7, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ichinose
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B7, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Moore SC, Vaz de Castro PAS, Yaqub D, Jose PA, Armando I. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Peripheral Dopamine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13816. [PMID: 37762126 PMCID: PMC10530375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is synthesized in the nervous system where it acts as a neurotransmitter. Dopamine is also synthesized in a number of peripheral organs as well as in several types of cells and has organ-specific functions and, as demonstrated more recently, is involved in the regulation of the immune response and inflammatory reaction. In particular, the renal dopaminergic system is very important in the regulation of sodium transport and blood pressure and is particularly sensitive to stimuli that cause oxidative stress and inflammation. This review is focused on how dopamine is synthesized in organs and tissues and the mechanisms by which dopamine and its receptors exert their effects on the inflammatory response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ines Armando
- Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA; (S.C.M.); (P.A.S.V.d.C.); (D.Y.); (P.A.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fujino S, Hamano S, Tomokiyo A, Sugiura R, Yamashita D, Hasegawa D, Sugii H, Fujii S, Itoyama T, Miyaji H, Maeda H. Dopamine is involved in reparative dentin formation through odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5668. [PMID: 37024514 PMCID: PMC10079685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32126-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional direct pulp-capping materials induce pulp cells to secrete various biomolecules in pulp tissues that promote reparative dentin formation through induction of odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). However, these biomolecules sometimes induce bone-like dentin with poor sealing properties. Therefore, exploration of biomolecules that allow tight sealing by tubular reparative dentin is required. We recently reported that dopamine (DA) is involved in dentinogenesis. Hence, we investigated the effect of DA on odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs and reparative dentin formation. Both tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a DA synthetase, and DA were expressed in odontoblast-like cells in vivo. In vitro, their expression was increased during odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs. Furthermore, TH-overexpressing DPSCs had promoted odontoblastic differentiation and DA production. Moreover, DA stimulation promoted their differentiation and induced tubular reparative dentin. These results suggest that DA produced by TH is involved in odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs and has an inductive capacity for reparative dentin formation similar to primary dentin. This study may lead to the development of therapy to preserve vital pulp tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Fujino
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sayuri Hamano
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
- Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Tomokiyo
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Risa Sugiura
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Daiki Yamashita
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Daigaku Hasegawa
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideki Sugii
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Fujii
- Laboratory of Oral Pathology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Itoyama
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Miyaji
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, 7 Kita13-jonishi Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Maeda
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Neumann J, Hofmann B, Dhein S, Gergs U. Role of Dopamine in the Heart in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24055042. [PMID: 36902474 PMCID: PMC10003060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine has effects on the mammalian heart. These effects can include an increase in the force of contraction, and an elevation of the beating rate and the constriction of coronary arteries. Depending on the species studied, positive inotropic effects were strong, very modest, or absent, or even negative inotropic effects occurred. We can discern five dopamine receptors. In addition, the signal transduction by dopamine receptors and the regulation of the expression of cardiac dopamine receptors will be of interest to us, because this might be a tempting area of drug development. Dopamine acts in a species-dependent fashion on these cardiac dopamine receptors, but also on cardiac adrenergic receptors. We will discuss the utility of drugs that are currently available as tools to understand cardiac dopamine receptors. The molecule dopamine itself is present in the mammalian heart. Therefore, cardiac dopamine might act as an autocrine or paracrine compound in the mammalian heart. Dopamine itself might cause cardiac diseases. Moreover, the cardiac function of dopamine and the expression of dopamine receptors in the heart can be altered in diseases such as sepsis. Various drugs for cardiac and non-cardiac diseases are currently in the clinic that are, at least in part, agonists or antagonists at dopamine receptors. We define the research needs in order to understand dopamine receptors in the heart better. All in all, an update on the role of dopamine receptors in the human heart appears to be clinically relevant, and is thus presented here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Neumann
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-345-557-1686; Fax: +49-345-557-1835
| | - Britt Hofmann
- Herzchirurgie, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle, Germany
| | - Stefan Dhein
- Medizinische Fakultät, Rudolf-Boehm-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrich Gergs
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dopamine Reduces SARS-CoV-2 Replication In Vitro through Downregulation of D2 Receptors and Upregulation of Type-I Interferons. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101691. [PMID: 35626728 PMCID: PMC9139638 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 hinders immune responses via dopamine (DA)-related mechanisms. Nonetheless, studies addressing the specific role of DA in the frame of SARS-CoV-2 infection are still missing. In the present study, we investigate the role of DA in SARS-CoV-2 replication along with potential links with innate immune pathways in CaLu-3 human epithelial lung cells. We document here for the first time that, besides DA synthetic pathways, SARS-CoV-2 alters the expression of D1 and D2 DA receptors (D1DR, D2DR), while DA administration reduces viral replication. Such an effect occurs at non-toxic, micromolar-range DA doses, which are known to induce receptor desensitization and downregulation. Indeed, the antiviral effects of DA were associated with a robust downregulation of D2DRs both at mRNA and protein levels, while the amount of D1DRs was not significantly affected. While halting SARS-CoV-2 replication, DA, similar to the D2DR agonist quinpirole, upregulates the expression of ISGs and Type-I IFNs, which goes along with the downregulation of various pro-inflammatory mediators. In turn, administration of Type-I IFNs, while dramatically reducing SARS-CoV-2 replication, converges in downregulating D2DRs expression. Besides configuring the CaLu-3 cell line as a suitable model to study SARS-CoV-2-induced alterations at the level of the DA system in the periphery, our findings disclose a previously unappreciated correlation between DA pathways and Type-I IFN response, which may be disrupted by SARS-CoV-2 for host cell invasion and replication.
Collapse
|
6
|
Lim HS, Yoon KN, Chung JH, Lee YS, Lee DH, Park G. Chronic Ultraviolet Irradiation to the Skin Dysregulates Adrenal Medulla and Dopamine Metabolism In Vivo. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060920. [PMID: 34200115 PMCID: PMC8228565 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has a strong biological effect on skin biology, and it switches on adaptive mechanisms to maintain homeostasis in organs such as the skin, adrenal glands, and brain. In this study, we examined the adaptation of the body to repeated bouts of UVB radiation, especially with respect to the catecholamine synthesis pathway of the adrenal glands. The effects of UVB on catecholamine-related enzymes were determined by neurochemical and histological analyses. To evaluate catecholamine changes after chronic excessive UVB irradiation of mouse skin, we examined dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the adrenal glands and blood from UV-irradiated and sham-irradiated mice. We found that chronic excessive UVB exposure significantly reduced dopamine levels in both tissues but did not affect norepinephrine levels. In addition, UVB irradiation significantly increased the levels of related enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-β-hydroxylase. Furthermore, we also found that apoptosis-associated markers were increased and that oxidative defense proteins were decreased, which might have contributed to the marked structural abnormalities in the adrenal medullas of the chronically UVB-irradiated mice. This is the first evidence of the damage to the adrenal gland and subsequent dysregulation of catecholamine metabolism induced by chronic exposure to UVB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Sun Lim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111 Geonjae-ro, Naju 58245, Korea;
| | - Kyeong-No Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (K.-N.Y.); (J.H.C.)
| | - Jin Ho Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (K.-N.Y.); (J.H.C.)
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Medical Research Center, Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Lee
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (K.-N.Y.); (J.H.C.)
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Medical Research Center, Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.H.L.); (G.P.); Tel.: +82-2-2072-2415 (D.H.L.); +82-61-338-7112 (G.P.)
| | - Gunhyuk Park
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111 Geonjae-ro, Naju 58245, Korea;
- Correspondence: (D.H.L.); (G.P.); Tel.: +82-2-2072-2415 (D.H.L.); +82-61-338-7112 (G.P.)
| |
Collapse
|