1
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Suwakulsiri W, Xu R, Rai A, Chen M, Shafiq A, Greening DW, Simpson RJ. Transcriptomic analysis and fusion gene identifications of midbody remnants released from colorectal cancer cells reveals they are molecularly distinct from exosomes and microparticles. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300058. [PMID: 38470197 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that human primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) colorectal (CRC) cells release three classes of membrane-encapsulated extracellular vesicles (EVs); midbody remnants (MBRs), exosomes (Exos), and microparticles (MPs). We reported that MBRs were molecularly distinct at the protein level. To gain further biochemical insights into MBRs, Exos, and MPs and their emerging role in CRC, we performed, and report here, for the first time, a comprehensive transcriptome and long noncoding RNA sequencing analysis and fusion gene identification of these three EV classes using the next-generation RNA sequencing technique. Differential transcript expression analysis revealed that MBRs have a distinct transcriptomic profile compared to Exos and MPs with a high enrichment of mitochondrial transcripts lncRNA/pseudogene transcripts that are predicted to bind to ribonucleoprotein complexes, spliceosome, and RNA/stress granule proteins. A salient finding from this study is a high enrichment of several fusion genes in MBRs compared to Exos, MPs, and cell lysates from their parental cells such as MSH2 (gene encoded DNA mismatch repair protein MSH2). This suggests potential EV-liquid biopsy targets for cancer detection. Importantly, the expression of cancer progression-related transcripts found in EV classes derived from SW480 (EGFR) and SW620 (MET and MACCA1) cell lines reflects their parental cell types. Our study is the report of RNA and fusion gene compositions within MBRs (including Exos and MPs) that could have an impact on EV functionality in cancer progression and detection using EV-based RNA/ fusion gene candidates for cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wittaya Suwakulsiri
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rong Xu
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Australia Centre for Blood Diseases, Centre Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alin Rai
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research, Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Blood Transfusion, Laboratory Medicine Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Adnan Shafiq
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - David W Greening
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research, Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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2
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Mir DA, Ma Z, Horrocks J, Rogers AN. Stress-induced Eukaryotic Translational Regulatory Mechanisms. ARXIV 2024:arXiv:2405.01664v1. [PMID: 38745702 PMCID: PMC11092689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The eukaryotic protein synthesis process entails intricate stages governed by diverse mechanisms to tightly regulate translation. Translational regulation during stress is pivotal for maintaining cellular homeostasis, ensuring the accurate expression of essential proteins crucial for survival. This selective translational control mechanism is integral to cellular adaptation and resilience under adverse conditions. This review manuscript explores various mechanisms involved in selective translational regulation, focusing on mRNA-specific and global regulatory processes. Key aspects of translational control include translation initiation, which is often a rate-limiting step, and involves the formation of the eIF4F complex and recruitment of mRNA to ribosomes. Regulation of translation initiation factors, such as eIF4E, eIF4E2, and eIF2, through phosphorylation and interactions with binding proteins, modulates translation efficiency under stress conditions. This review also highlights the control of translation initiation through factors like the eIF4F complex and the ternary complex and also underscores the importance of eIF2α phosphorylation in stress granule formation and cellular stress responses. Additionally, the impact of amino acid deprivation, mTOR signaling, and ribosome biogenesis on translation regulation and cellular adaptation to stress is also discussed. Understanding the intricate mechanisms of translational regulation during stress provides insights into cellular adaptation mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for various diseases, offering valuable avenues for addressing conditions associated with dysregulated protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilawar Ahmad Mir
- Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Aging, Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME
| | - Zhengxin Ma
- Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Aging, Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME
| | - Jordan Horrocks
- Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Aging, Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME
| | - Aric N Rogers
- Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Aging, Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME
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3
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González-Sánchez AM, Castellanos-Silva EA, Díaz-Figueroa G, Cate JHD. JUN mRNA translation regulation is mediated by multiple 5' UTR and start codon features. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299779. [PMID: 38483896 PMCID: PMC10939236 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulation of mRNA translation by eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) is crucial for cell survival. In humans, eIF3 stimulates translation of the JUN mRNA which encodes the transcription factor JUN, an oncogenic transcription factor involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. Previous studies revealed that eIF3 activates translation of the JUN mRNA by interacting with a stem loop in the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) and with the 5' -7-methylguanosine cap structure. In addition to its interaction site with eIF3, the JUN 5' UTR is nearly one kilobase in length, and has a high degree of secondary structure, high GC content, and an upstream start codon (uAUG). This motivated us to explore the complexity of JUN mRNA translation regulation in human cells. Here we find that JUN translation is regulated in a sequence and structure-dependent manner in regions adjacent to the eIF3-interacting site in the JUN 5' UTR. Furthermore, we identify contributions of an additional initiation factor, eIF4A, in JUN regulation. We show that enhancing the interaction of eIF4A with JUN by using the compound Rocaglamide A (RocA) represses JUN translation. We also find that both the upstream AUG (uAUG) and the main AUG (mAUG) contribute to JUN translation and that they are conserved throughout vertebrates. Our results reveal additional layers of regulation for JUN translation and show the potential of JUN as a model transcript for understanding multiple interacting modes of translation regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica M. González-Sánchez
- Comparative Biochemistry Graduate Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Eimy A. Castellanos-Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Gabriela Díaz-Figueroa
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Jamie H. D. Cate
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
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4
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Yang J, Yang S, Cai J, Chen H, Sun L, Wang J, Hou G, Gu S, Ma J, Ge J. A Transcription Factor ZNF384, Regulated by LINC00265, Activates the Expression of IFI30 to Stimulate Malignant Progression in Glioma. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:290-299. [PMID: 38141017 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma remains one of the most challenging primary brain malignancies to treat. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs (mRNAs) are implicated in regulating the malignant phenotypes of cancers including glioma. This study aimed to elucidate the functions and mechanisms of lncRNA LINC00265 and mRNA IFI30 in the pathogenesis of glioma. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis revealed the upregulated expression of LINC00265 and IFI30 in glioma cells compared to normal human astrocytes. Western blot (WB) quantified the associated proteins. Glioma stemness and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were assessed by aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity, sphere formation, and WB. Mechanistic and rescue assays evaluated the LINC00265/miR-let-7d-5p/IFI30/ZNF384/IGF2BP2 axis. The results demonstrated that LINC00265 and IFI30 were highly expressed in glioma cells, promoting stemness and EMT. ZNF384 was identified as a transcription factor that upregulates IFI30. Moreover, LINC00265 elevated ZNF384 by sponging miR-let-7d-5p and recruiting IGF2BP2. In conclusion, LINC00265 and IFI30 act as oncogenes in glioma by driving stemness and EMT, underscoring their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No.160 Pujian Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 200127, China
- Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shenghe Yang
- Yancheng Tinghu District People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224002, China
| | - Jinlian Cai
- 910 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Hongjin Chen
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lihua Sun
- Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guoqiang Hou
- Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No.160 Pujian Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shuo Gu
- Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jianwei Ge
- Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No.160 Pujian Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 200127, China
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5
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González-Sánchez AM, Castellanos-Silva EA, Díaz-Figueroa G, Cate JHD. JUN mRNA Translation Regulation is Mediated by Multiple 5' UTR and Start Codon Features. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.17.567602. [PMID: 38014201 PMCID: PMC10680820 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.17.567602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of mRNA translation by eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) is crucial for cell survival. In humans, eIF3 stimulates translation of the JUN mRNA which encodes the transcription factor JUN, an oncogenic transcription factor involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. Previous studies revealed that eIF3 activates translation of the JUN mRNA by interacting with a stem loop in the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) and with the 5'-7-methylguanosine cap structure. In addition to its interaction site with eIF3, the JUN 5' UTR is nearly one kilobase in length, and has a high degree of secondary structure, high GC content, and an upstream start codon (uAUG). This motivated us to explore the complexity of JUN mRNA translation regulation in human cells. Here we find that JUN translation is regulated in a sequence and structure-dependent manner in regions adjacent to the eIF3-interacting site in the JUN 5' UTR. Furthermore, we identify contributions of an additional initiation factor, eIF4A, in JUN regulation. We show that enhancing the interaction of eIF4A with JUN by using the compound Rocaglamide A (RocA) represses JUN translation. We also find that both the upstream AUG (uAUG) and the main AUG (mAUG) contribute to JUN translation and that they are conserved throughout vertebrates. Our results reveal additional layers of regulation for JUN translation and show the potential of JUN as a model transcript for understanding multiple interacting modes of translation regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eimy A Castellanos-Silva
- University of California, Davis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Gabriela Díaz-Figueroa
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jamie H D Cate
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
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6
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Gorlov IP, Conway K, Edmiston SN, Parrish EA, Hao H, Amos CI, Tsavachidis S, Gorlova OY, Begg C, Hernando E, Cheng C, Shen R, Orlow I, Luo L, Ernstoff MS, Kuan PF, Ollila DW, Tsai YS, Berwick M, Thomas NE. Methylation of nonessential genes in cutaneous melanoma - Rule Out hypothesis. Melanoma Res 2023; 33:163-172. [PMID: 36805567 PMCID: PMC10148896 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Differential methylation plays an important role in melanoma development and is associated with survival, progression and response to treatment. However, the mechanisms by which methylation promotes melanoma development are poorly understood. The traditional explanation of selective advantage provided by differential methylation postulates that hypermethylation of regulatory 5'-cytosine-phosphate-guanine-3' dinucleotides (CpGs) downregulates the expression of tumor suppressor genes and therefore promotes tumorigenesis. We believe that other (not necessarily alternative) explanations of the selective advantages of methylation are also possible. Here, we hypothesize that melanoma cells use methylation to shut down transcription of nonessential genes - those not required for cell survival and proliferation. Suppression of nonessential genes allows tumor cells to be more efficient in terms of energy and resource usage, providing them with a selective advantage over the tumor cells that transcribe and subsequently translate genes they do not need. We named the hypothesis the Rule Out (RO) hypothesis. The RO hypothesis predicts higher methylation of CpGs located in regulatory regions (CpG islands) of nonessential genes. It also predicts the higher methylation of regulatory CpGs linked to nonessential genes in melanomas compared to nevi and lower expression of nonessential genes in malignant (derived from melanoma) versus normal (derived from nonaffected skin) melanocytes. The analyses conducted using in-house and publicly available data found that all predictions derived from the RO hypothesis hold, providing observational support for the hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan P Gorlov
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kathleen Conway
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina
- Department of Epidemiology
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sharon N Edmiston
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina
- Department of Epidemiology
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Eloise A Parrish
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York, Stony Brook
| | - Honglin Hao
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina
| | | | | | - Olga Y Gorlova
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Colin Begg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Eva Hernando
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ronglai Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Irene Orlow
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Maxico
| | - Marc S Ernstoff
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton, Buffalo
| | - Pei Fen Kuan
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York, Stony Brook and
| | - David W Ollila
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yihsuan S Tsai
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Marianne Berwick
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Maxico
| | - Nancy E Thomas
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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7
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Translational Control of Metabolism and Cell Cycle Progression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054885. [PMID: 36902316 PMCID: PMC10002961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is a metabolic hub characterized by high levels of protein synthesis. Eukaryotic initiation factors, eIFs, control the first phase of translation, initiation. Initiation factors are essential for tumor progression and, since they regulate the translation of specific mRNAs downstream of oncogenic signaling cascades, may be druggable. In this review, we address the issue of whether the massive translational machinery of liver cells contributes to liver pathology and to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); it represents a valuable biomarker and druggable target. First, we observe that the common markers of HCC cells, such as phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6, belong to the ribosomal and translational apparatus. This fact is in agreement with observations that demonstrate a huge amplification of the ribosomal machinery during the progression to HCC. Some translation factors, such as eIF4E and eIF6, are then harnessed by oncogenic signaling. In particular, the action of eIF4E and eIF6 is particularly important in HCC when driven by fatty liver pathologies. Indeed, both eIF4E and eIF6 amplify at the translational level the production and accumulation of fatty acids. As it is evident that abnormal levels of these factors drive cancer, we discuss their therapeutic value.
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8
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Maurer-Morelli CV, de Vasconcellos JF, Bruxel EM, Rocha CS, do Canto AM, Tedeschi H, Yasuda CL, Cendes F, Lopes-Cendes I. Gene expression profile suggests different mechanisms underlying sporadic and familial mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:2233-2250. [PMID: 36259630 PMCID: PMC9899983 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221126666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Most patients with pharmacoresistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) have hippocampal sclerosis on the postoperative histopathological examination. Although most patients with MTLE do not refer to a family history of the disease, familial forms of MTLE have been reported. We studied surgical specimens from patients with MTLE who had epilepsy surgery for medically intractable seizures. We assessed and compared gene expression profiles of the tissue lesion found in patients with familial MTLE (n = 3) and sporadic MTLE (n = 5). In addition, we used data from control hippocampi obtained from a public database (n = 7). We obtained expression profiles using the Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 (Affymetrix) microarray platform. Overall, the molecular profile identified in familial MTLE differed from that in sporadic MTLE. In the tissue of patients with familial MTLE, we found an over-representation of the biological pathways related to protein response, mRNA processing, and synaptic plasticity and function. In sporadic MTLE, the gene expression profile suggests that the inflammatory response is highly activated. In addition, we found enrichment of gene sets involved in inflammatory cytokines and mediators and chemokine receptor pathways in both groups. However, in sporadic MTLE, we also found enrichment of epidermal growth factor signaling, prostaglandin synthesis and regulation, and microglia pathogen phagocytosis pathways. Furthermore, based on the gene expression signatures, we identified different potential compounds to treat patients with familial and sporadic MTLE. To our knowledge, this is the first study assessing the mRNA profile in surgical tissue obtained from patients with familial MTLE and comparing it with sporadic MTLE. Our results clearly show that, despite phenotypic similarities, both forms of MTLE present distinct molecular signatures, thus suggesting different underlying molecular mechanisms that may require distinct therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia V Maurer-Morelli
- Department of Translational Medicine,
School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-888,
Brazil,Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and
Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas 13083-888, Brazil
| | - Jaira F de Vasconcellos
- Department of Translational Medicine,
School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-888,
Brazil,Department of Biology, James Madison
University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Estela M Bruxel
- Department of Translational Medicine,
School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-888,
Brazil,Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and
Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas 13083-888, Brazil
| | - Cristiane S Rocha
- Department of Translational Medicine,
School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-888,
Brazil,Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and
Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas 13083-888, Brazil
| | - Amanda M do Canto
- Department of Translational Medicine,
School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-888,
Brazil,Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and
Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas 13083-888, Brazil
| | - Helder Tedeschi
- Department of Neurology, School of
Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Clarissa L Yasuda
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and
Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas 13083-888, Brazil,Department of Neurology, School of
Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Fernando Cendes
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and
Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas 13083-888, Brazil,Department of Neurology, School of
Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Iscia Lopes-Cendes
- Department of Translational Medicine,
School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-888,
Brazil,Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and
Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas 13083-888, Brazil,Iscia Lopes-Cendes.
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9
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Chen C, Zhang X, Wang Y, Chen X, Chen W, Dan S, She S, Hu W, Dai J, Hu J, Cao Q, Liu Q, Huang Y, Qin B, Kang B, Wang YJ. Translational and post-translational control of human naïve versus primed pluripotency. iScience 2022; 25:103645. [PMID: 35005567 PMCID: PMC8718978 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Deciphering the regulatory network for human naive and primed pluripotency is of fundamental theoretical and applicable significance. Here, by combining quantitative proteomics, phosphoproteomics, and acetylproteomics analyses, we revealed RNA processing and translation as the most differentially regulated processes between naive and primed human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Although glycolytic primed hESCs rely predominantly on the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)-mediated cap-dependent pathway for protein translation, naive hESCs with reduced mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTORC1) activity are more tolerant to eIF4E inhibition, and their bivalent metabolism allows for translating selective mRNAs via both eIF4E-dependent and eIF4E-independent/eIF4A2-dependent pathways to form a more compact naive proteome. Globally up-regulated proteostasis and down-regulated post-translational modifications help to further refine the naive proteome that is compatible with the more rapid cycling of naive hESCs, where CDK1 plays an indispensable coordinative role. These findings may assist in better understanding the unrestricted lineage potential of naive hESCs and in further optimizing conditions for future clinical applications RNA processing and translation are most different between naive and primed hESCs Glycolytic primed hESCs mainly rely on eIF4E-dependent translation Bivalent metabolism in naive hESCs promotes eIF4E-independent translation CDK1 is required for naive pluripotency partially by activating E-cadherin signaling
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.,Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Yisha Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Songsong Dan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Shiqi She
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.,Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Weiwei Hu
- Shanghai Bioprofile Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Shanghai Bioprofile Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jianwen Hu
- Shanghai Bioprofile Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qingyi Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Qianyu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yinghua Huang
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Cell Fate, Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Baoming Qin
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Cell Fate, Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Bo Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Ying-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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10
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Castellano MM, Merchante C. Peculiarities of the regulation of translation initiation in plants. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:102073. [PMID: 34186463 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Protein synthesis is a fundamental process for life and, as such, plays a crucial role in the adaptation to energy, developmentaland environmental conditions. For these reasons, and despite the general conservation of the eukaryotic translational machinery, it is not surprising that organisms with different lifestyles have evolved distinct mechanisms of regulation to adapt translation initiation to their intrinsic growth and development. Plants have clear peculiarities compared with other eukaryotes that have also extended to translation control. This review describes the plant-specific mechanisms for regulation of translation initiation, with a focus on those that modulate the eIF4F complexes, central translational regulatory hubs in all eukaryotes, and highlights the latest discoveries on the signaling pathways that regulate their constituents and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mar Castellano
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain.
| | - Catharina Merchante
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora" (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29071, Spain.
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11
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Inhibiting BCKDK in triple negative breast cancer suppresses protein translation, impairs mitochondrial function, and potentiates doxorubicin cytotoxicity. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:241. [PMID: 34526485 PMCID: PMC8443725 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00602-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are characterized by poor survival, prognosis, and gradual resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapeutics, like doxorubicin (DOX). The clinical utility of DOX is limited by its cardiotoxic and chemoresistant effects that manifest over time. To induce chemoresistance, TNBC rewires oncogenic gene expression and cell signaling pathways. Recent studies have demonstrated that reprogramming of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) metabolism facilitates tumor growth and survival. Branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKDK), a regulatory kinase of the rate-limiting enzyme of the BCAA catabolic pathway, is reported to activate RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling to promote tumor cell proliferation. However, it remains unexplored if BCKDK action remodels TNBC proliferation and survival per se and influences susceptibility to DOX-induced genotoxic stress. TNBC cells treated with DOX exhibited reduced BCKDK expression and intracellular BCKAs. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of BCKDK in TNBC cell lines also showed a similar reduction in intracellular and secreted BCKAs. BCKDK silencing in TNBC cells downregulated mitochondrial metabolism genes, reduced electron complex protein expression, oxygen consumption, and ATP production. Transcriptome analysis of BCKDK silenced cells confirmed dysregulation of mitochondrial metabolic networks and upregulation of the apoptotic signaling pathway. Furthermore, BCKDK inhibition with concurrent DOX treatment exacerbated apoptosis, caspase activity, and loss of TNBC proliferation. Inhibition of BCKDK in TNBC also upregulated sestrin 2 and concurrently decreased mTORC1 signaling and protein synthesis. Overall, loss of BCKDK action in TNBC remodels BCAA flux, reduces protein translation triggering cell death, ATP insufficiency, and susceptibility to genotoxic stress. Proposed mechanism. A Doxorubicin (DOX) targets the BCAA catabolic pathway in TNBCs, by downregulating BCKDK and augmenting clearance of intracellular BCKAs. B Genetic or pharmacological (high BT2 concentration) inhibition of BCKDK results in increased cell death, decreased intracellular BCKAs, dysregulated mitochondrial function, ATP insufficiency, SESN2 activation, and inhibition of mTORC1 signaling and protein synthesis. C BCKDK inhibition (siRNA mediated or low-BT2 concentration) exacerbates DOX-induced cytotoxicity and caspase activity. ![]()
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12
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Grosso S, Marini A, Gyuraszova K, Voorde JV, Sfakianos A, Garland GD, Tenor AR, Mordue R, Chernova T, Morone N, Sereno M, Smith CP, Officer L, Farahmand P, Rooney C, Sumpton D, Das M, Teodósio A, Ficken C, Martin MG, Spriggs RV, Sun XM, Bushell M, Sansom OJ, Murphy D, MacFarlane M, Le Quesne JPC, Willis AE. The pathogenesis of mesothelioma is driven by a dysregulated translatome. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4920. [PMID: 34389715 PMCID: PMC8363647 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25173-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MpM) is an aggressive, invariably fatal tumour that is causally linked with asbestos exposure. The disease primarily results from loss of tumour suppressor gene function and there are no 'druggable' driver oncogenes associated with MpM. To identify opportunities for management of this disease we have carried out polysome profiling to define the MpM translatome. We show that in MpM there is a selective increase in the translation of mRNAs encoding proteins required for ribosome assembly and mitochondrial biogenesis. This results in an enhanced rate of mRNA translation, abnormal mitochondrial morphology and oxygen consumption, and a reprogramming of metabolic outputs. These alterations delimit the cellular capacity for protein biosynthesis, accelerate growth and drive disease progression. Importantly, we show that inhibition of mRNA translation, particularly through combined pharmacological targeting of mTORC1 and 2, reverses these changes and inhibits malignant cell growth in vitro and in ex-vivo tumour tissue from patients with end-stage disease. Critically, we show that these pharmacological interventions prolong survival in animal models of asbestos-induced mesothelioma, providing the basis for a targeted, viable therapeutic option for patients with this incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Grosso
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alberto Marini
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katarina Gyuraszova
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, UK
| | | | | | - Gavin D Garland
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Angela Rubio Tenor
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ryan Mordue
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tanya Chernova
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nobu Morone
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marco Sereno
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Claire P Smith
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leah Officer
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pooyeh Farahmand
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, UK
| | - Claire Rooney
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, UK
| | - David Sumpton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, UK
| | - Madhumita Das
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Teodósio
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Catherine Ficken
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria Guerra Martin
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ruth V Spriggs
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xiao-Ming Sun
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martin Bushell
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, UK
| | - Daniel Murphy
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Marion MacFarlane
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - John P C Le Quesne
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, UK.
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
- Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| | - Anne E Willis
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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13
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Methyltransferase like 13 mediates the translation of Snail in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:26. [PMID: 34381012 PMCID: PMC8357922 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Methyltransferase like 13 (METTL13), a kind of methyltransferase, is implicated in protein binding and synthesis. The upregulation of METTL13 has been reported in a variety of tumors. However, little was known about its potential function in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) so far. In this study, we found that METTL13 was significantly upregulated in HNSCC at both mRNA and protein level. Increased METTL13 was negatively associated with clinical prognosis. And METTL13 markedly affected HNSCC cellular phenotypes in vivo and vitro. Further mechanism study revealed that METTL13 could regulate EMT signaling pathway by mediating enhancing translation efficiency of Snail, the key transcription factor in EMT, hence regulating the progression of EMT. Furthermore, Snail was verified to mediate METTL13-induced HNSCC cell malignant phenotypes. Altogether, our study had revealed the oncogenic role of METTL13 in HNSCC, and provided a potential therapeutic strategy.
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14
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Liu YJ, Chern Y. Contribution of Energy Dysfunction to Impaired Protein Translation in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:668500. [PMID: 34393724 PMCID: PMC8355359 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.668500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired energy homeostasis and aberrant translational control have independently been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. AMP kinase (AMPK), regulated by the ratio of cellular AMP and ATP, is a major gatekeeper for cellular energy homeostasis. Abnormal regulation of AMPK has been reported in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Most importantly, AMPK activation is known to suppress the translational machinery by inhibiting the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), activating translational regulators, and phosphorylating nuclear transporter factors. In this review, we describe recent findings on the emerging role of protein translation impairment caused by energy dysregulation in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ju Liu
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yijuang Chern
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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15
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Alboushi L, Hackett AP, Naeli P, Bakhti M, Jafarnejad SM. Multifaceted control of mRNA translation machinery in cancer. Cell Signal 2021; 84:110037. [PMID: 33975011 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The mRNA translation machinery is tightly regulated through several, at times overlapping, mechanisms that modulate its efficiency and accuracy. Due to their fast rate of growth and metabolism, cancer cells require an excessive amount of mRNA translation and protein synthesis. However, unfavorable conditions, such as hypoxia, amino acid starvation, and oxidative stress, which are abundant in cancer, as well as many anti-cancer treatments inhibit mRNA translation. Cancer cells adapt to the various internal and environmental stresses by employing specialised transcript-specific translation to survive and gain a proliferative advantage. We will highlight the major signaling pathways and mechanisms of translation that regulate the global or mRNA-specific translation in response to the intra- or extra-cellular signals and stresses that are key components in the process of tumourigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilas Alboushi
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Angela P Hackett
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Parisa Naeli
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Mostafa Bakhti
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Seyed Mehdi Jafarnejad
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
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16
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The Outer Retinal Membrane Protein 1 Could Inhibit Lung Cancer Progression as a Tumor Suppressor. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6651764. [PMID: 33680068 PMCID: PMC7904357 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6651764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Some related reports indicate that the outer retinal membrane protein 1 (ROM1) functions importantly in the regulation of the biological process of tumor. Nevertheless, studies towards the role of ROM1 in lung cancer are few. Here, our data demonstrated that ROM1 displayed a relation with lung cancer tumorigenesis and development. In the Tumor Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, reduced ROM1 level was observed in lung cancer tissues, instead of normal tissues. After bioinformatics analysis, the data revealed that ROM1 level was associated with the tumor stage. Additional results indicated that highly expressed ROM1 exhibited a positive correlation with the overall survival rate, and ROM1 was probably a promising prognostic biomarker of lung cancer. Additionally, our results indicated that knocking out ROM1 could promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Our data conclusively demonstrated that ROM1 modulated lung cancer tumorigenesis and development, as a prognosis and treatment biomarker.
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17
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Su ZJ, Lin CC, Pan JH, Zhang JH, Han T, Pan Q. Prediction of Poor Prognosis of HCC by Early Warning Model for Co-Expression of miRNA and mRNA Based on Bioinformatics Analysis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820959353. [PMID: 33089765 PMCID: PMC7586031 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820959353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) has the highest mortality rate worldwide with the intractability of its extremely complicated pathogenesis and unclear mechanism. The limited survival highlights the need for the further detection of prognosis for HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) have been identified as regulatory factors and target genes in human cancers, while some studies also found post-transcriptional modification plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of HCC. The present study aimed to elucidate the prognostic significance of miRNA and mRNA models in HCC. Methods: Data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The miRNA and mRNA expressions were tested by the Wilcoxon and used funrich software to predict mRNA that might be related to miRNA. Then we determined the intersection with overlapped mRNA and miRNA Venn diagram, and screened out hub gene by using Degree algorithm in Cytoscape software. The COX models, with TCGA data as the training set and ICGC data as the test set, were constructed. All patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. Data on overall survival of different groups were collected and analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method, and independent risk factors affecting prognosis were assessed by Cox analysis. Results: The miRNA and mRNA polygenic risk model showed a good true positive rate. Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox analysis suggested that the high-risk group was associated with poor prognosis, and the risk score could be used as an independent risk factor for HCC. Conclusion: Tumor risk models constructed in this study could effectively predict the prognosis of patients, which is expected to provide a reference for the prognostic stratification and treatment strategy development of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jian Su
- Hepatobiliary surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Hepatobiliary surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jian-Hui Pan
- Hepatobiliary surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jian-Hua Zhang
- Hepatobiliary surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qunxiong Pan
- Hepatobiliary surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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18
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Kusnadi EP, Trigos AS, Cullinane C, Goode DL, Larsson O, Devlin JR, Chan KT, De Souza DP, McConville MJ, McArthur GA, Thomas G, Sanij E, Poortinga G, Hannan RD, Hannan KM, Kang J, Pearson RB. Reprogrammed mRNA translation drives resistance to therapeutic targeting of ribosome biogenesis. EMBO J 2020; 39:e105111. [PMID: 32945574 PMCID: PMC7604608 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated ribosome biogenesis in oncogene‐driven cancers is commonly targeted by DNA‐damaging cytotoxic drugs. Our previous first‐in‐human trial of CX‐5461, a novel, less genotoxic agent that specifically inhibits ribosome biogenesis via suppression of RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription, revealed single‐agent efficacy in refractory blood cancers. Despite this clinical response, patients were not cured. In parallel, we demonstrated a marked improvement in the in vivo efficacy of CX‐5461 in combination with PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 pathway inhibitors. Here, we reveal the molecular basis for this improved efficacy observed in vivo, which is associated with specific suppression of translation of mRNAs encoding regulators of cellular metabolism. Importantly, acquired resistance to this cotreatment is driven by translational rewiring that results in dysregulated cellular metabolism and induction of a cAMP‐dependent pathway critical for the survival of blood cancers including lymphoma and acute myeloid leukemia. Our studies thus identify key molecular mechanisms underpinning the response of blood cancers to selective inhibition of ribosome biogenesis and define metabolic vulnerabilities that will facilitate the rational design of more effective regimens for Pol I‐directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P Kusnadi
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Anna S Trigos
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Carleen Cullinane
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - David L Goode
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Ola Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jennifer R Devlin
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Keefe T Chan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - David P De Souza
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Malcolm J McConville
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Grant A McArthur
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - George Thomas
- Metabolism and Cancer Group, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy In Oncology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Gretchen Poortinga
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Acton, ACT, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Jian Kang
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia
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19
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Li Y, Shen J, Cheng CS, Gao H, Zhao J, Chen L. Overexpression of pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase 1 promotes the progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma by regulating energy-related AMPK/mTOR signaling. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:95. [PMID: 32782783 PMCID: PMC7412669 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00457-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase 1 (PDP1) plays an important physiological role in energy metabolism; however, its expression and function in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the expression pattern and mechanisms of action of PDP1 in human PDAC. Methods The expression pattern of PDP1 in PDAC was determined, and its correlation with patient survival was analyzed. Ectopic expression or knockdown of PDP1 was performed, and in vitro proliferation and migration, as well as in vivo tumor growth of PDAC, were measured. The mechanism was studied by biochemical approaches. Results PDP1 was overexpressed in human PDAC samples, and high expression of PDP1 correlated with poor overall and disease-free survival of PDAC patients. PDP1 promoted the proliferation, colony formation, and invasion of PDAC cells in vitro and facilitated orthotopic tumor growth in vivo. PDP1 accelerated intracellular ATP production, leading to sufficient energy to support rapid cancer progression. mTOR activation was responsible for the PDP1-induced tumor cell proliferation and invasion in PDAC. AMPK was downregulated by PDP1 overexpression, resulting in mTOR activation and cancer progression. Conclusion Our findings suggested that PDP1 could be a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target for anti-PDAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Jia Shen
- Department of Oncology, First People's Hospital of Pinghu, Zhejiang, 314200 China
| | - Chien-Shan Cheng
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - HuiFeng Gao
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Jiangang Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Shaoxing Central Hospital, Zhejiang, 312030 China
| | - Lianyu Chen
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
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20
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Cyclopamine and Rapamycin Synergistically Inhibit mTOR Signalling in Mouse Hepatocytes, Revealing an Interaction of Hedgehog and mTor Signalling in the Liver. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081817. [PMID: 32751882 PMCID: PMC7464279 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the liver, energy homeostasis is mainly regulated by mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling, which influences relevant metabolic pathways, including lipid metabolism. However, the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway is one of the newly identified drivers of hepatic lipid metabolism. Although the link between mTOR and Hh signalling was previously demonstrated in cancer development and progression, knowledge of their molecular crosstalk in healthy liver is lacking. To close this information gap, we used a transgenic mouse model, which allows hepatocyte-specific deletion of the Hh pathway, and in vitro studies to reveal interactions between Hh and mTOR signalling. The study was conducted in male and female mice to investigate sexual differences in the crosstalk of these signalling pathways. Our results reveal that the conditional Hh knockout reduces mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in primary hepatocytes from female mice and inhibits autophagy in hepatocytes from both sexes. Furthermore, in vitro studies show a synergistic effect of cyclopamine and rapamycin on the inhibition of mTor signalling and oxidative respiration in primary hepatocytes from male and female C57BL/6N mice. Overall, our results demonstrate that the impairment of Hh signalling influences mTOR signalling and therefore represses oxidative phosphorylation and autophagy.
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21
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Stephenson ZA, Harvey RF, Pryde KR, Mistry S, Hardy RE, Serreli R, Chung I, Allen TE, Stoneley M, MacFarlane M, Fischer PM, Hirst J, Kellam B, Willis AE. Identification of a novel toxicophore in anti-cancer chemotherapeutics that targets mitochondrial respiratory complex I. eLife 2020; 9:55845. [PMID: 32432547 PMCID: PMC7316505 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of mitochondrial function selectively targets tumour cells that are dependent on oxidative phosphorylation. However, due to their high energy demands, cardiac cells are disproportionately targeted by mitochondrial toxins resulting in a loss of cardiac function. An analysis of the effects of mubritinib on cardiac cells showed that this drug did not inhibit HER2 as reported, but directly inhibits mitochondrial respiratory complex I, reducing cardiac-cell beat rate, with prolonged exposure resulting in cell death. We used a library of chemical variants of mubritinib and showed that modifying the 1H-1,2,3-triazole altered complex I inhibition, identifying the heterocyclic 1,3-nitrogen motif as the toxicophore. The same toxicophore is present in a second anti-cancer therapeutic carboxyamidotriazole (CAI) and we demonstrate that CAI also functions through complex I inhibition, mediated by the toxicophore. Complex I inhibition is directly linked to anti-cancer cell activity, with toxicophore modification ablating the desired effects of these compounds on cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. The pharmaceutical industry needs to make safe and effective drugs. At the same time this industry is under pressure to keep the costs of developing these drugs at an acceptable level. Drugs work by interacting with and typically blocking a specific target, such as a protein in a particular type of cell. Sometimes, however, drugs also bind other unexpected targets. These “off-target” effects can be the reason for a drug’s toxicity, and it is important – both for the benefit of patients and the money that can be saved when developing drugs – to identify how drugs cause toxic side effects. The earlier researchers detect off-target effects, the better. Recent data has suggested that an anti-cancer drug called mubritinib has off-target effects on the compartments within cells that provide the cell with most of their energy, the mitochondria. This drug’s intended target is a protein called HER2, which is found in large amounts on the surfaces of some breast cancer cells. Yet if mubritinib has this off-target effect on mitochondria, it may be harmful to other cells including heart cells because the heart is an organ that needs a large amount of energy from its mitochondria. Stephenson et al. have now performed experiments to show that mubritinib does not actually interact with HER2 at all, but only targets mitochondria. The effect of mubritinib as an anti-cancer drug is therefore only due to its activity against mitochondria. Digging deeper into the chemistry revealed the small parts of its chemical structure that was responsible for mubritinib’s toxicity against heart cells, the so-called toxic substructure. Another anti-cancer drug called carboxyamidotriazole also has the same toxic substructure. Carboxyamidotriazole is supposed to stop cells from taking up calcium ions, but a final set of experiments demonstrated that this drug also only acts by inhibiting mitochondria. Often there is not enough information about many drugs’ substructures, meaning off-target effects and toxicities cannot be predicted. The pharmaceutical industry will now be able to benefit from this new knowledge about the toxic substructures within some drugs. This research may also help patients who take mubritinib or carboxyamidotriazole, because their doctors will have to check for side effects on the heart more carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe A Stephenson
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Robert F Harvey
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth R Pryde
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Mistry
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel E Hardy
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Riccardo Serreli
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Injae Chung
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Eh Allen
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Stoneley
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marion MacFarlane
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peter M Fischer
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Judy Hirst
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Barrie Kellam
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anne E Willis
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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22
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Martínez-Rodríguez OP, Thompson-Bonilla MDR, Jaramillo-Flores ME. Association between obesity and breast cancer: Molecular bases and the effect of flavonoids in signaling pathways. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 60:3770-3792. [PMID: 31899947 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1708262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat that leads to different health problems, such as cancer, where the adipocytes promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells, especially in the breast, where the epithelial cells are immersed in a fatty environment, and the interactions between these two types of cells involve, not only adipokines but also local pro-inflammatory mechanisms and hypoxic processes generating anti-apoptotic signals, which are a common result in leptin signaling. The expression of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and cyclin D1, results in the decrease in phosphorylation of AMPK, increasing the activity of the aromatase enzyme; alternatively, the adiponectin activates AMPK to reduce inflammation. Nevertheless, alterations of the JAK/STAT pathways contribute to mammary carcinogenesis, while the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway controls most of the cancer's characteristics such as the cell cycle, survival, differentiation, proliferation, motility, metabolism, and genetic stability. Therefore, the purpose of the present review is, through the accumulated scientific evidence, to find the concordance between the signaling pathways involved among obesity and breast cancer, which can be modulated by using flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oswaldo Pablo Martínez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - María Del Rocío Thompson-Bonilla
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado ISSSTE, Ciudad de México, México
| | - María Eugenia Jaramillo-Flores
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Ciudad de México, México
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23
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Early Cellular Responses of Prostate Carcinoma Cells to Sepantronium Bromide (YM155) Involve Suppression of mTORC1 by AMPK. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11541. [PMID: 31395901 PMCID: PMC6687778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47573-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The imidazolium compound YM155, first discovered as a potent inhibitor of Survivin, effectively kills many carcinomas in preclinical models. However, the upstream signaling mechanism triggered by YM155 remains unclear. Here we studied early signaling responses in vitro in prostate and renal cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. We found that YM155 rapidly activates the retinoblastoma protein, correlating with the loss of expression of all three Cyclin Ds. Using Western blot, various selective chemical inhibitors and q-PCR, we show that YM155-mediated decrease in protein levels of Cyclin Ds, Survivin and Mcl-1 is independent of transcription or proteasomal control mechanisms. Moreover, we provide the first evidence that YM155 changes the phosphorylation status of known mTOR-target proteins involved in translational control, namely ribosomal protein S6 (rS6) and 4E-BP1. Our data support that YM155 achieves this by blocking mTORC1 via the phosphorylation of Raptor at S792 through activated AMPKα (T172). Furthermore, we also used a polysome profile, supporting that YM155 markedly suppresses cap-dependent translation of mRNAs which include Survivin, Cyclin D1 and Mcl-1. We provide the first evidence that YM155 functions as a potent activator of AMPKα, a robust suppressor of mTORC1 and an attenuator of global protein synthesis.
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24
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Stark R, Grzelak M, Hadfield J. RNA sequencing: the teenage years. Nat Rev Genet 2019; 20:631-656. [DOI: 10.1038/s41576-019-0150-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 679] [Impact Index Per Article: 135.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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de la Cruz López KG, Toledo Guzmán ME, Sánchez EO, García Carrancá A. mTORC1 as a Regulator of Mitochondrial Functions and a Therapeutic Target in Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1373. [PMID: 31921637 PMCID: PMC6923780 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous proliferation of tumor cells requires constant adaptations of energy metabolism to rapidly fuel cell growth and division. This energetic adaptation often comprises deregulated glucose uptake and lactate production in the presence of oxygen, a process known as the "Warburg effect." For many years it was thought that the Warburg effect was a result of mitochondrial damage, however, unlike this proposal tumor cell mitochondria maintain their functionality, and is essential for integrating a variety of signals and adapting the metabolic activity of the tumor cell. The mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a master regulator of numerous cellular processes implicated in proliferation, metabolism, and cell growth. mTORC1 controls cellular metabolism mainly by regulating the translation and transcription of metabolic genes, such as peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator-1 α (PGC-1α), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1/2 (SREBP1/2), and hypoxia inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1α). Interestingly it has been shown that mTORC1 regulates mitochondrial metabolism, thus representing an important regulator in mitochondrial function. Here we present an overview on the role of mTORC1 in the regulation of mitochondrial functions in cancer, considering new evidences showing that mTORC1 regulates the translation of nucleus-encoded mitochondrial mRNAs that result in an increased ATP mitochondrial production. Moreover, we discuss the relationship between mTORC1 and glutaminolysis, as well as mitochondrial metabolites. In addition, mitochondrial fission processes regulated by mTORC1 and its impact on cancer are discussed. Finally, we also review the therapeutic efficacy of mTORC1 inhibitors in cancer treatments, considering its use in combination with other drugs, with particular focus on cellular metabolism inhibitors, that could help improve their anti neoplastic effect and eliminate cancer cells in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Griselda de la Cruz López
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Alejandro García Carrancá
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México & Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Alejandro García Carrancá
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26
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Calamita P, Gatti G, Miluzio A, Scagliola A, Biffo S. Translating the Game: Ribosomes as Active Players. Front Genet 2018; 9:533. [PMID: 30498507 PMCID: PMC6249331 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomes have been long considered as executors of the translational program. The fact that ribosomes can control the translation of specific mRNAs or entire cellular programs is often neglected. Ribosomopathies, inherited diseases with mutations in ribosomal factors, show tissue specific defects and cancer predisposition. Studies of ribosomopathies have paved the way to the concept that ribosomes may control translation of specific mRNAs. Studies in Drosophila and mice support the existence of heterogeneous ribosomes that differentially translate mRNAs to coordinate cellular programs. Recent studies have now shown that ribosomal activity is not only a critical regulator of growth but also of metabolism. For instance, glycolysis and mitochondrial function have been found to be affected by ribosomal availability. Also, ATP levels drop in models of ribosomopathies. We discuss findings highlighting the relevance of ribosome heterogeneity in physiological and pathological conditions, as well as the possibility that in rate-limiting situations, ribosomes may favor some translational programs. We discuss the effects of ribosome heterogeneity on cellular metabolism, tumorigenesis and aging. We speculate a scenario in which ribosomes are not only executors of a metabolic program but act as modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piera Calamita
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Guido Gatti
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Annarita Miluzio
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Scagliola
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Biffo
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
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27
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Rendleman J, Cheng Z, Maity S, Kastelic N, Munschauer M, Allgoewer K, Teo G, Zhang YBM, Lei A, Parker B, Landthaler M, Freeberg L, Kuersten S, Choi H, Vogel C. New insights into the cellular temporal response to proteostatic stress. eLife 2018; 7:39054. [PMID: 30272558 PMCID: PMC6185107 DOI: 10.7554/elife.39054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining a healthy proteome involves all layers of gene expression regulation. By quantifying temporal changes of the transcriptome, translatome, proteome, and RNA-protein interactome in cervical cancer cells, we systematically characterize the molecular landscape in response to proteostatic challenges. We identify shared and specific responses to misfolded proteins and to oxidative stress, two conditions that are tightly linked. We reveal new aspects of the unfolded protein response, including many genes that escape global translation shutdown. A subset of these genes supports rerouting of energy production in the mitochondria. We also find that many genes change at multiple levels, in either the same or opposing directions, and at different time points. We highlight a variety of putative regulatory pathways, including the stress-dependent alternative splicing of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and protein-RNA binding within the 3’ untranslated region of molecular chaperones. These results illustrate the potential of this information-rich resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Rendleman
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Shuvadeep Maity
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Nicolai Kastelic
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Munschauer
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristina Allgoewer
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Guoshou Teo
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Yun Bin Matteo Zhang
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Amy Lei
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Brian Parker
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Markus Landthaler
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Integrative Research Institute for the Life Sciences, Institute of Biology, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Hyungwon Choi
- National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Christine Vogel
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, United States
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28
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Candido S, Abrams SL, Steelman L, Lertpiriyapong K, Martelli AM, Cocco L, Ratti S, Follo MY, Murata RM, Rosalen PL, Lombardi P, Montalto G, Cervello M, Gizak A, Rakus D, Suh PG, Libra M, McCubrey JA. Metformin influences drug sensitivity in pancreatic cancer cells. Adv Biol Regul 2018; 68:13-30. [PMID: 29482945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive, highly metastatic malignancy and accounts for 85% of pancreatic cancers. PDAC patients have poor prognosis with a five-year survival of only 5-10% after diagnosis and treatment. Pancreatic cancer has been associated with type II diabetes as the frequency of recently diagnosed diabetics that develop pancreatic cancer within a 10-year period of initial diagnosis of diabetes in increased in comparison to non-diabetic patients. Metformin is a very frequently prescribed drug used to treat type II diabetes. Metformin acts in part by stimulating AMP-kinase (AMPK) and results in the suppression of mTORC1 activity and the induction of autophagy. In the following studies, we have examined the effects of metformin in the presence of various chemotherapeutic drugs, signal transduction inhibitors and natural products on the growth of three different PDAC lines. Metformin, by itself, was not effective at suppressing growth of the pancreatic cancer cell lines at concentration less than 1000 nM, however, in certain PDAC lines, a suboptimal dose of metformin (250 nM) potentiated the effects of various chemotherapeutic drugs used to treat pancreatic cancer (e.g., gemcitabine, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil) and other cancer types (e.g., doxorubicin, docetaxel). Furthermore, metformin could increase anti-proliferative effects of mTORC1 and PI3K/mTOR inhibitors as well as natural products such as berberine and the anti-malarial drug chloroquine in certain PDAC lines. Thus, metformin can enhance the effects of certain drugs and signal transduction inhibitors which are used to treat pancreatic and various other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Candido
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Pathology & Oncology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stephen L Abrams
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Linda Steelman
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Kvin Lertpiriyapong
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, USA
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Ratti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matilde Y Follo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ramiro M Murata
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, USA
| | - Pedro L Rosalen
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Paolo Lombardi
- Naxospharma, Via Giuseppe Di Vittorio 70, Novate Milanese 20026, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
| | - Melchiorre Cervello
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Gizak
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Neurobiology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Rakus
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Neurobiology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Pann-Gill Suh
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Pathology & Oncology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
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29
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Dual inhibition of PI3K/mTOR signaling in chemoresistant AML primary cells. Adv Biol Regul 2018; 68:2-9. [PMID: 29576448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A main cause of treatment failure for AML patients is resistance to chemotherapy. Survival of AML cells may depend on mechanisms that elude conventional drugs action and/or on the presence of leukemia initiating cells at diagnosis, and their persistence after therapy. MDR1 gene is an ATP-dependent drug efflux pump known to be a risk factor for the emergence of resistance, when combined to unstable cytogenetic profile of AML patients. In the present study, we analyzed the sensitivity to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs of 26 samples of primary blasts collected from AML patients at diagnosis. Detection of cell viability and apoptosis allowed to identify two group of samples, one resistant and one sensitive to in vitro treatment. The cells were then analyzed for the presence and the activity of P-glycoprotein. A comparative analysis showed that resistant samples exhibited a high level of MDR1 mRNA as well as of P-glycoprotein content and activity. Moreover, they also displayed high PI3K signaling. Therefore, we checked whether the association with signaling inhibitors might resensitize resistant samples to chemo-drugs. The combination showed a very potent cytotoxic effect, possibly through down modulation of MDR1, which was maintained also when primary blasts were co-cultured with human stromal cells. Remarkably, dual PI3K/mTOR inactivation was cytotoxic also to leukemia initiating cells. All together, our findings indicate that signaling activation profiling associated to gene expression can be very useful to stratify patients and improve therapy.
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