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Hoang Trung Chau T, Duc Nguyen A, Lee EY. Engineering type I methanotrophic bacteria as novel platform for sustainable production of 3-hydroxybutyrate and biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate from methane and xylose. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127898. [PMID: 36108944 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum20Z recombinant strain co-utilizing methane and xylose from anthropogenic activities and lignocellulose biomassis a promising cell factory platform. In this study, the production of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) inM. alcaliphilum20Z was demonstrated. The production of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate was optimized by introducing additional thioesterase, and a tunable genetic module. The final recombinant strain produced the highest titer of 334.52 ± 2 mg/L (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (yield of 1,853 ± 429 mg/g dry cell weight). The poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) yielded 1.29 ± 0.08% (w/w) from methane and xylose in one-stage cultivation. Moreover, the study demonstrated the importance of pathway reversibility as an effective design strategy for balancing the driving force and intermediate accumulation. This is the first demonstration of the production ofbiodegradablepoly (3-hydroxybutyrate) from methane in type I methanotrophs, which is a key step toward sustainable biomanufacturing and carbon-neutral society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin Hoang Trung Chau
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
| | - Anh Duc Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea.
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Escherichia coli YigI is a Conserved Gammaproteobacterial Acyl-CoA Thioesterase Permitting Metabolism of Unusual Fatty Acid Substrates. J Bacteriol 2022; 204:e0001422. [PMID: 35876515 PMCID: PMC9380530 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00014-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioesterases play a critical role in metabolism, membrane biosynthesis, and overall homeostasis for all domains of life. In this present study, we characterize a putative thioesterase from Escherichia coli MG1655 and define its role as a cytosolic enzyme. Building on structure-guided functional predictions, we show that YigI is a medium- to long-chain acyl-CoA thioesterase that is involved in the degradation of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in vivo, showing overlapping specificity with two previously defined E. coli thioesterases TesB and FadM. We then bioinformatically identify the regulatory relationships that induce YigI expression, which include: an acidic environment, high oxygen availability, and exposure to aminoglycosides. Our findings define a role for YigI and shed light on why the E. coli genome harbors numerous thioesterases with closely related functions. IMPORTANCE Previous research has shown that long chain acyl-CoA thioesterases are needed for E. coli to grow in the presence of carbon sources such as conjugated linoleic acid, but that E. coli must possess at least one such enzyme that had not previously been characterized. Building off structure-guided function predictions, we showed that the poorly annotated protein YigI is indeed the previously unidentified third acyl CoA thioesterase. We found that the three potentially overlapping acyl-CoA thioesterases appear to be induced by nonoverlapping conditions and use that information as a starting point for identifying the precise reactions catalyzed by each such thioesterase, which is an important prerequisite for their industrial application and for more accurate metabolic modeling of E. coli.
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Park Y, Kim T, Ham J, Choi J, Lee H, Yeon YJ, Choi SI, Kim N, Kim Y, Seok Y. Physiological activity of E. coli engineered to produce butyric acid. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:832-843. [PMID: 33729711 PMCID: PMC8913873 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F. prausnitzii) is one of the most abundant bacteria in the human intestine, with its anti-inflammatory effects establishing it as a major effector in human intestinal health. However, its extreme sensitivity to oxygen makes its cultivation and physiological study difficult. F. prausnitzii produces butyric acid, which is beneficial to human gut health. Butyric acid is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced by the fermentation of carbohydrates, such as dietary fibre in the large bowel. The genes encoding butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase (BCD) and butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA transferase (BUT) in F. prausnitzii were cloned and expressed in E. coli to determine the effect of butyric acid production on intestinal health using DSS-induced colitis model mice. The results from the E. coli Nissle 1917 strain, expressing BCD, BUT, or both, showed that BCD was essential, while BUT was dispensable for producing butyric acid. The effects of different carbon sources, such as glucose, N-acetylglucosamine (NAG), N-acetylgalactosamine (NAGA), and inulin, were compared with results showing that the optimal carbon sources for butyric acid production were NAG, a major component of mucin in the human intestine, and glucose. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effects of butyric acid production were tested by administering these strains to DSS-induced colitis model mice. The oral administration of the E. coli Nissle 1917 strain, carrying the expression vector for BCD and BUT (EcN-BCD-BUT), was found to prevent DSS-induced damage. Introduction of the BCD expression vector into E. coli Nissle 1917 led to increased butyric acid production, which improved the strain's health-beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young‐Tae Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of MicrobiologySeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Natural Products Research InstituteGangneungKorea
| | - Taejung Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Natural Products Research InstituteGangneungKorea
| | - Jungyeob Ham
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Natural Products Research InstituteGangneungKorea
| | - Jaeyoung Choi
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Green City Technology InstituteSeoulKorea
| | - Hoe‐Suk Lee
- Department of Biochemical EngineeringGangneung‐Wonju National UniversityGangneungKorea
| | - Young Joo Yeon
- Department of Biochemical EngineeringGangneung‐Wonju National UniversityGangneungKorea
| | - Soo In Choi
- Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamKorea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamKorea
| | - Yeon‐Ran Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of MicrobiologySeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Yeong‐Jae Seok
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of MicrobiologySeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
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Kusumah D, Wakui M, Murakami M, Xie X, Yukihito K, Maeda I. Linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and monolinolenins as antibacterial substances in the heat-processed soybean fermented with Rhizopus oligosporus. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1285-1290. [PMID: 32089087 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1731299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis were found in an ethanol fraction of tempe, an Indonesian fermented soybean produced using Rhizopus oligosporus. The ethanol fraction contained free fatty acids, monoglycerides, and fatty acid ethyl esters. Among these substances, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid exhibited antibacterial activities against S. aureus and B. subtilis, whereas 1-monolinolenin and 2-monolinolenin exhibited antibacterial activity against B. subtilis. The other free fatty acids, 1-monoolein, monolinoleins, ethyl linoleate, and ethyl linolenate did not exhibit bactericidal activities. These results revealed that R. oligosporus produced the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and monolinolenins as antibacterial substances against the Gram-positive bacteria during the fungal growth and fermentation of heat-processed soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewi Kusumah
- Department of Applied Life Science, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misaki Wakui
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Mai Murakami
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Xiaonan Xie
- Department of Applied Life Science, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Kabuyama Yukihito
- Department of Applied Life Science, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Isamu Maeda
- Department of Applied Life Science, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
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5
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Ku JT, Lan EI. A balanced ATP driving force module for enhancing photosynthetic biosynthesis of 3-hydroxybutyrate from CO 2. Metab Eng 2018; 46:35-42. [PMID: 29462662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Using engineered photoautotrophic microorganisms for the direct chemical synthesis from CO2 is an attractive direction for both sustainability and CO2 mitigation. However, the behaviors of non-native metabolic pathways may be difficult to control due to the different intracellular contexts between natural and heterologous hosts. While most metabolic engineering efforts focus on strengthening driving forces in pathway design to favor biochemical production in these organisms, excessive driving force may be detrimental to product biosynthesis due to imbalanced cellular intermediate distribution. In this study, an ATP-hydrolysis based driving force module was engineered into cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 to produce 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), a valuable chemical feedstock for the synthesis of biodegradable plastics and antibiotics. However, while the ATP driving force module is effective for increasing product formation, uncontrolled accumulation of intermediate metabolites likely led to metabolic imbalance and thus to cell growth inhibition. Therefore, the ATP driving force module was reengineered by providing a reversible outlet for excessive carbon flux. Upon expression of this balanced ATP driving force module with 3HB biosynthesis, engineered strain produced 3HB with a cumulative titer of 1.2 g/L, a significant increase over the initial strain. This result highlighted the importance of pathway reversibility as an effective design strategy for balancing driving force and intermediate accumulation, thereby achieving a self-regulated control for increased net flux towards product biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T Ku
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Ethan I Lan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
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Yamaguchi M, Naito T, Nagao Y, Kabuyama Y, Hashimoto K, Azuma N, Maeda I. Effect of increased feeding of dietary α-linolenic acid by grazing on formation of the cis9,trans11-18:2 isoform of conjugated linoleic acid in bovine milk. Anim Sci J 2016; 88:1006-1011. [PMID: 27878911 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Feeding systems such as grazing affect the fatty acid profile of bovine milk fat. In addition, milk fat is formed as the product of fatty acid metabolism in cow bodies before being secreted into milk. However, how grazing influences milk fatty acid profile through the metabolism has not been completely characterized. When fatty acid concentrations in Holstein milk were compared between grazing and non-grazing periods, α-linolenic acid was significantly higher in the grazing period than in the non-grazing period. This could be explained with an increase in α-linolenic acid feeding with grazing. α-linolenic acid had a linear positive correlation with conjugated linoleic acid (9c,11t-18:2) (CLA) and vaccenic acid (VA) during the grazing period, whereas CLA had higher correlation with linoleic acid rather than with α-linolenic acid during the non-grazing period. These data indicate that the high content of dietary α-linolenic acid affects CLA and VA formation in milk of grazing periods via α-linolenic acid metabolism into VA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Yamaguchi
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.,University Farm, Utsunomiya University, Mohka, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Taki Naito
- Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Nagao
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.,University Farm, Utsunomiya University, Mohka, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yukihito Kabuyama
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kei Hashimoto
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Norihiro Azuma
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Isamu Maeda
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
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7
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Zhuang Q, Wang Q, Liang Q, Qi Q. Synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates from glucose that contain medium-chain-length monomers via the reversed fatty acid β-oxidation cycle in Escherichia coli. Metab Eng 2014; 24:78-86. [PMID: 24836703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates that contain the medium-chain-length monomers (mcl-PHAs) have a wide range of applications owing to their superior physical and mechanical properties. A challenge to synthesize such mcl-PHAs from unrelated and renewable sources is exploiting the efficient metabolic pathways that lead to the formation of precursor (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA. Here, by engineering the reversed fatty acid β-oxidation cycle, we were able to synthesize mcl-PHAs in Escherichia coli directly from glucose. After deletion of the major thioesterases, the engineered E. coli produced 6.62wt% of cell dry weight mcl-PHA heteropolymers. Furthermore, when a low-substrate-specificity PHA synthase from Pseudomonas stutzeri 1317 was employed, recombinant E. coli synthesized 12.10wt% of cell dry weight scl-mcl PHA copolymers, of which 21.18mol% was 3-hydroxybutyrate and 78.82mol% was medium-chain-length monomers. The reversed fatty acid β-oxidation cycle offered an efficient metabolic pathway for mcl-PHA biosynthesis in E. coli and can be further optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Quanfeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Qingsheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
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Hunt MC, Tillander V, Alexson SEH. Regulation of peroxisomal lipid metabolism: the role of acyl-CoA and coenzyme A metabolizing enzymes. Biochimie 2014; 98:45-55. [PMID: 24389458 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are nearly ubiquitous organelles involved in a number of metabolic pathways that vary between organisms and tissues. A common metabolic function in mammals is the partial degradation of various (di)carboxylic acids via α- and β-oxidation. While only a small number of enzymes catalyze the reactions of β-oxidation, numerous auxiliary enzymes have been identified to be involved in uptake of fatty acids and cofactors required for β-oxidation, regulation of β-oxidation and transport of metabolites across the membrane. These proteins include membrane transporters/channels, acyl-CoA thioesterases, acyl-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferases, carnitine acyltransferases and nudix hydrolases. Here we review the current view of the role of these auxiliary enzymes in peroxisomal lipid metabolism and propose that they function in concert to provide a means to regulate fatty acid metabolism and transport of products across the peroxisomal membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Hunt
- Dublin Institute of Technology, College of Sciences & Health, School of Biological Sciences, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| | - Veronika Tillander
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan E H Alexson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
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Chung AL, Zeng GD, Jin HL, Wu Q, Chen JC, Chen GQ. Production of medium-chain-length 3-hydroxyalkanoic acids by β-oxidation and phaC operon deleted Pseudomonas entomophila harboring thioesterase gene. Metab Eng 2013; 17:23-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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