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Xue Y, Yan Q, Li X, Jiang Z. Characterization of a novel aspartic protease from Trichoderma asperellum for the preparation of duck blood peptides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:131. [PMID: 38229301 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12848-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
A novel aspartic protease gene (TaproA1) from Trichoderma asperellum was successfully expressed in Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris). TaproA1 showed 52.8% amino acid sequence identity with the aspartic protease PEP3 from Coccidioides posadasii C735. TaproA1 was efficiently produced in a 5 L fermenter with a protease activity of 4092 U/mL. It exhibited optimal reaction conditions at pH 3.0 and 50 °C and was stable within pH 3.0-6.0 and at temperatures up to 45 °C. The protease exhibited broad substrate specificity with high hydrolysis activity towards myoglobin and hemoglobin. Furthermore, duck blood proteins (hemoglobin and plasma protein) were hydrolyzed by TaproA1 to prepare bioactive peptides with high ACE inhibitory activity. The IC50 values of hemoglobin and plasma protein hydrolysates from duck blood proteins were 0.105 mg/mL and 0.091 mg/mL, respectively. Thus, the high yield and excellent biochemical characterization of TaproA1 presented here make it a potential candidate for the preparation of duck blood peptides. KEY POINTS: • An aspartic protease (TaproA1) from Trichoderma asperellum was expressed in Komagataella phaffii. • TaproA1 exhibited broad substrate specificity and the highest activity towards myoglobin and hemoglobin. • TaproA1 has great potential for the preparation of bioactive peptides from duck blood proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Xue
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qiaojuan Yan
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhengqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe City, 462000, Henan Province, China.
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Mizutani O, Kakizono D, Takahashi T, Mukai N, Fukuda H, Yamada O. The effect of Aspergillus luchuensis pectin methylesterase genes pmeA and pmeB on methanol production in sweet potato shochu. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023:7143099. [PMID: 37183781 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the methanol content in sweet potato shochu, we studied the pectin methylesterase genes of the shochu-koji mold Aspergillus luchuensis. We found the following three homologs of pectin methyleseterase in the genome of A. luchuensis: pmeA, pmeB, and pmeC. Using pectin as a substrate, the methanol-producing activity of the recombinant of each gene expressed in A. luchuensis was examined and found to be present in recombinant PmeA and PmeB. Additionally, small-scale fermentation of sweet potato shochu using disruptions of pmeA and pmeA-pmeB in A. luchuensis (∆pmeA and ∆pmeApmeB) resulted in significant reduction of the methanol content. Taken together, we revealed that the A. luchuensis pmeA gene was mainly involved in methanol production in sweet potato shochu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Mizutani
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
- National Research Institute of Brewing, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Dararat Kakizono
- National Research Institute of Brewing, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toru Takahashi
- National Research Institute of Brewing, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Mukai
- National Research Institute of Brewing, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hisashi Fukuda
- National Research Institute of Brewing, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamada
- National Research Institute of Brewing, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
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Mamo J, Kangwa M, Suarez Orellana JF, Yelemane V, Fernandez-Lahore HM, Assefa F. Purification and Characterization of Aspartic Protease Produced from Aspergillus oryzae DRDFS13 MN726447 under Solid-State Fermentation. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Guo Y, Li X, Jia W, Huang F, Liu Y, Zhang C. Characterization of an intracellular aspartic protease (PsAPA) from Penicillium sp. XT7 and its application in collagen extraction. Food Chem 2021; 345:128834. [PMID: 33348133 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
An intracellular aspartic protease, PsAPA, was identified from Penicillium sp. XT7. This protease was belonged to penicillopepsin and was expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. The recombinant PsAPA had a specific activity of 4289.7 ± 261.7 U/mg. The pH and temperature maxima of the enzyme were 3.0 and 30 °C, respectively. The PsAPA was stable in the pH range from 3.0 to 6.0 and was completely inactivated after incubation at 50 °C for 15 min. Presence of Mn2+ and Cu2+ increased the proteolytic activity and β-mercaptoethanol and SDS showed inhibitory effects, whereas 0.05 M pepstatin A strongly inhibited it. PsAPA could effectively hydrolyze animal proteins, including myoglobin, and hemoglobin but not collagens. PsAPA increased the yield of collagen extraction compared to the acid extraction method. The above properties show that the novel low-temperature acidic protease, PsAPA, is comparable to commercial proteases (porcine pepsin) and has great potential for collagen extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yunhe Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Guo Y, Tu T, Zheng J, Ren Y, Wang Y, Bai Y, Su X, Wang Y, Yao B, Huang H, Luo H. A novel thermostable aspartic protease from Talaromyces leycettanus and its specific autocatalytic activation through an intermediate transition state. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:4915-4926. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10569-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Guo Y, Tu T, Yuan P, Wang Y, Ren Y, Yao B, Luo H. High-level expression and characterization of a novel aspartic protease from Talaromyces leycettanus JCM12802 and its potential application in juice clarification. Food Chem 2019; 281:197-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Gao B, He L, Wei D, Zhang L. Identification and magnetic immobilization of a pyrophilous aspartic protease from Antarctic psychrophilic fungus. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Gao
- State Key Lab of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Lei He
- State Key Lab of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Dongzhi Wei
- State Key Lab of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Lujia Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Department of Chemistry, School of Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai China
- NYU‐ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai Shanghai China
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Kangwa M, Salgado JAG, Fernandez-Lahore HM. Identification and characterization of N-glycosylation site on a Mucor circinelloides aspartic protease expressed in Pichia pastoris: effect on secretion, activity and thermo-stability. AMB Express 2018; 8:157. [PMID: 30276572 PMCID: PMC6167268 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0691-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylotrophic yeasts have widely been used as model organisms for understanding cellular functions and biochemical activities in lower eukaryotes. The gene encoding an aspartic protease (MCAP) from Mucor circinelloides DSM 2183 was cloned and expressed into Pichia pastoris using both the native M. circinelloides signal peptide (mcSP) and α-factor secretion signal from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (α-MF). When expressed in P. pastoris using α-MF and mcSP, MCAP was secreted into the culture medium at a concentration 200 mg L-1 (410 MCU mL-1) and 110 mg L-1 (249 MCU mL-1), respectively. The SDS-PAGE analysis of each culture shows that the protein was secreted in the media in two forms with molecular weights of approximately 33 and 37 kDa. Upon digestion using endoglycosidase H (Endo H), only one band at 33 kDa was observed, indicating that the protein might be glycosylated. One putative N-glycosylation site was found and a site-directed mutagenesis at position Asn331-Gln of the sequence produce only one form of the protein of 33 kDa, similar to that obtained when digested with Endo H. The optimum temperature and pH activity of the expressed MCAP was found to be at 60 °C and 3.6, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kangwa
- Downstream Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences & Chemistry, Jacobs University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jose Antonio Gama Salgado
- Downstream Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences & Chemistry, Jacobs University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Hector Marcelo Fernandez-Lahore
- Downstream Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences & Chemistry, Jacobs University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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Białkowska AM, Krysiak J, Florczak T, Szulczewska KM, Wanarska M, Turkiewicz M. The psychrotrophic yeast Sporobolomyces roseus LOCK 1119 as a source of a highly active aspartic protease for the in vitro production of antioxidant peptides. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2018; 65:726-738. [PMID: 29569743 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A psychrotrophic yeast strain producing a cold-adapted protease at low temperature was classified as Sporobolomyces roseus. In standard YPG medium, S. roseus LOCK 1119 synthesized an extracellular protease with an activity of approximately 560 U/L. Optimization of medium composition and process temperature considerably enhanced enzyme biosynthesis; an approximate 70% increase in activity (2060 U/L). The native enzyme was purified to homogeneity by cation exchange chromatography followed by a size exclusion step, resulting in a 103-fold increase in specific activity (660 U/mg) with 25% recovery. The enzyme displayed 10%-30% of its maximum activity at 0-25 °C, with the optimum temperature being 50°C. Protease G8 was strongly inactivated by pepstatin A, an aspartic protease inhibitor. The enzyme was used to hydrolyze four natural substrates, and their antioxidant activities were evaluated against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. The highest antioxidant activity (69%) was recorded for beef casein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta M Białkowska
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Krysiak
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Florczak
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Marta Wanarska
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marianna Turkiewicz
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
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Theron LW, Bely M, Divol B. Characterisation of the enzymatic properties of MpAPr1, an aspartic protease secreted by the wine yeast Metschnikowia pulcherrima. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:3584-3593. [PMID: 28098337 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MpAPr1, encoding an acid protease from the wine yeast Metschnikowia pulcherrima IWBT Y1123, was previously isolated and shown to display potential activity against casein and grape proteins. However, its characterisation remained partial. RESULTS MpAPr1 was cloned into the pGAPZαA vector and transformed into Komagataella pastoris X33 for heterologous expression. After verification of activity, the enzyme properties were characterised. Protease activity within the concentrated supernatant was retained over a pH range of 3.0 to 5.0 and between 10 °C and 50 °C. Optimal conditions for protease activity were found at 40 °C and pH 4.5. Activity was mostly unaffected by the presence of metal ions with the exception of Cu2+ and Ni2+ . Furthermore, proteolytic activity was retained in the presence of sugar and ethanol. pH and temperature conditions for MpAPr1 expression in K. pastoris were optimised. Purification was achieved by means of cation exchange chromatography and kinetic parameters (Km and Vmax ) were determined. MpAPr1 activity against grape proteins was confirmed, but the extent of the degradation was dependent on the nature of these proteins and the environmental conditions. CONCLUSION Overall, the results suggest that MpAPr1 could be applied in food biotechnology processes such as winemaking. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louwrens Wiid Theron
- Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa
- Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Marina Bely
- Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Benoit Divol
- Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa
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Biochemical and milk-clotting properties and mapping of catalytic subsites of an extracellular aspartic peptidase from basidiomycete fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Food Chem 2017; 225:45-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Evaluation of the catalytic specificity, biochemical properties, and milk clotting abilities of an aspartic peptidase from Rhizomucor miehei. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 43:1059-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1780-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, we detail the specificity of an aspartic peptidase from Rhizomucor miehei and evaluate the effects of this peptidase on clotting milk using the peptide sequence of k-casein (Abz-LSFMAIQ-EDDnp) and milk powder. Molecular mass of the peptidase was estimated at 37 kDa, and optimum activity was achieved at pH 5.5 and 55 °C. The peptidase was stable at pH values ranging from 3 to 5 and temperatures of up 45 °C for 60 min. Dramatic reductions in proteolytic activity were observed with exposure to sodium dodecyl sulfate, and aluminum and copper (II) chloride. Peptidase was inhibited by pepstatin A, and mass spectrometry analysis identified four peptide fragments (TWSISYGDGSSASGILAK, ASNGGGGEYIFGGYDSTK, GSLTTVPIDNSR, and GWWGITVDRA), similar to rhizopuspepsin. The analysis of catalytic specificity showed that the coagulant activity of the peptidase was higher than the proteolytic activity and that there was a preference for aromatic, basic, and nonpolar amino acids, particularly methionine, with specific cleavage of the peptide bond between phenylalanine and methionine. Thus, this peptidase may function as an important alternative enzyme in milk clotting during the preparation of cheese.
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Secreted fungal aspartic proteases: A review. Rev Iberoam Micol 2016; 33:76-82. [PMID: 27137097 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aspartic proteases, also called aspartyl and aspartate proteases or acid proteases (E.C.3.4.23), belong to the endopeptidase family and are characterized by the conserved sequence Asp-Gly-Thr at the active site. These enzymes are found in a wide variety of microorganisms in which they perform important functions related to nutrition and pathogenesis. In addition, their high activity and stability at acid pH make them attractive for industrial application in the food industry; specifically, they are used as milk-coagulating agents in cheese production or serve to improve the taste of some foods. This review presents an analysis of the characteristics and properties of secreted microbial aspartic proteases and their potential for commercial application.
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Laishram S, Pennathur G. Purification and Characterization of a Membrane-Unbound Highly Thermostable Metalloprotease from Aeromonas Caviae. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-015-1849-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Vannabun A, Ketnawa S, Phongthai S, Benjakul S, Rawdkuen S. Characterization of acid and alkaline proteases from viscera of farmed giant catfish. FOOD BIOSCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Yin C, Zheng L, Chen L, Tan Q, Shang X, Ma A. Cloning, expression, and characterization of a milk-clotting aspartic protease gene (Po-Asp) from Pleurotus ostreatus. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:2119-31. [PMID: 24338250 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0674-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
An aspartic protease gene from Pleurotus ostreatus (Po-Asp) had been cloned based on the 3' portion of cDNA in our previous work. The Po-Asp cDNA contained 1,324 nucleotides with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1,212 bp encoding 403 amino acid residues. The putative amino acid sequence included a signal peptide, an activation peptide, two most possible N-glycosylation sites and two conserved catalytic active site. The mature polypeptide with 327 amino acid residues had a calculated molecular mass of 35.3 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 4.57. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool analysis showed 68-80 % amino acid sequence identical to other basidiomycetous aspartic proteases. Sequence comparison and evolutionary analysis revealed that Po-Asp is a member of fungal aspartic protease family. The DNA sequence of Po-Asp is 1,525 bp in length without untranslated region, consisting of seven exons and six introns. The Po-Asp cDNA without signal sequence was expressed in Pichia pastoris and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated the molecular mass of recombinant Po-Asp was about 43 kDa. The crude recombinant aspartic protease had milk-clotting activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaomin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Gama Salgado JA, Kangwa M, Fernandez-Lahore M. Cloning and expression of an active aspartic proteinase from Mucor circinelloides in Pichia pastoris. BMC Microbiol 2013; 13:250. [PMID: 24206750 PMCID: PMC3828624 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-13-250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular aspartic proteinase (MCAP) produced by Mucor circinelloides in solid state fermentations has been shown to possess milk clotting activity and represents a potential replacement for bovine chymosin in cheese manufacturing. Despite its prospects in the dairy industry, the molecular characteristics of this enzyme remain unknown. This work focuses on MCAP cloning and optimization of heterologous expression in Pichia pastoris, and characterization of the enzyme. Results The cloning of cDNA sequence encoding MCAP from M. circinelloides was performed using a fragment of approximately 1 kbp as a probe. The fragment was amplified using non-specific primers designed from the NDIEYYG and KNNYVVFN consensus motifs from aspartic proteinases of different fungi. Gene specific primers were designed to amplify a full-length cDNA using SMART™ RACE PCR. MCAP was expressed in P. pastoris under the control of the constitutive GAP promoter. It was shown that P. pastoris secreted non-glycosylated and glycosylated MCAPs with molecular weights of 33 and 37 kDa, respectively. Conclusion A novel MCAP was expressed in P. pastoris and efficiently secreted into the culture medium. The expression of the heterologous proteins was significantly increased due to advantages in codon usage as compared to other expression systems. The results suggest that P. pastoris could be exploited as a safe production platform for the milk clotting enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcelo Fernandez-Lahore
- School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, Bremen 28759, Germany.
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Taxonomic assessment and enzymes production by yeasts isolated from marine and terrestrial Antarctic samples. Extremophiles 2013; 17:1023-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-013-0584-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Purification and characterization of a novel skatole-degrading protease from Lactobacillus brevis 1.12. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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