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Chen X, Su J, Cheng S, Huang C, Zhao C, Teng C, Zhang P. Mechanically robust ultrathin nanofibrous films by using microfluidic-based continuous printing. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:5103-5113. [PMID: 39109831 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00487f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
Ultrathin nanofibrous films with unique properties, such as controlled thickness, structures, and excellent mechanical robustness, play a vital role in flexible wearable devices, electronic skin, and rechargeable batteries. However, nanofibrous films are always facing limitations in their mechanical properties, even though they are strong when used as textiles, mainly owing to their structural shortcomings by using conventional fabrication methods. Herein, we present the fabrication of free-standing ultrathin nanofibrous films with good mechanical properties by using a microfluidic-based continuous printing strategy. Owing to the precisely controllable microfluidic flow in the micrometre-scale, the resulting aramid nanofibre (ANF) films can reach thicknesses as low as 140 ± 25 nm. Specifically, the tensile strength of such ultrathin ANF films is recorded at an impressive value of 667 ± 40 MPa, representing a 120% improvement compared to the films prepared by using casting method. Such excellent mechanical robustness comes from the double-sided protonation, which shows a symmetrically dense structure compared to the asymmetric structure of cast films. Furthermore, we demonstrate the continuous fabrication of thin regenerated cellulose nanofiber (RCNF) and cellulose diacetate (CDA) films using the microfluidic-based printing strategy. Both microfluidic-based films show significant enhancements in strength, with a 42% increase for RCNF and a 94% increase for CDA compared to their cast films. We envision that this microfluidic-based continuous printing strategy provides a promising pathway for the development of advanced ultrathin nanofibrous films towards practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Wuhan University of Technology Xiangyang Demonstration Zone, Xiangyang 441000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park, Wuhan University of Technology, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Jiaqing Su
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sha Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunxia Zhao
- Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Wuhan University of Technology Xiangyang Demonstration Zone, Xiangyang 441000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chao Teng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Pengchao Zhang
- Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Wuhan University of Technology Xiangyang Demonstration Zone, Xiangyang 441000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park, Wuhan University of Technology, Sanya 572024, China
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2
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Chernokal B, Ferrick BJ, Gleghorn JP. Zonal Patterning of Extracellular Matrix and Stromal Cell Populations Along a Perfusable Cellular Microchannel. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.09.602744. [PMID: 39026757 PMCID: PMC11257519 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.09.602744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The spatial organization of biophysical and biochemical cues in the extracellular matrix (ECM) in concert with reciprocal cell-cell signaling is vital to tissue patterning during development. However, elucidating the role an individual microenvironmental factor plays using existing in vivo models is difficult due to their inherent complexity. In this work, we have developed a microphysiological system to spatially pattern the biochemical, biophysical, and stromal cell composition of the ECM along an epithelialized 3D microchannel. This technique is adaptable to multiple hydrogel compositions and scalable to the number of zones patterned. We confirmed that the methodology to create distinct zones resulted in a continuous, annealed hydrogel with regional interfaces that did not hinder the transport of soluble molecules. Further, the interface between hydrogel regions did not disrupt microchannel structure, epithelial lumen formation, or media perfusion through an acellular or cellularized microchannel. Finally, we demonstrated spatially patterned tubulogenic sprouting of a continuous epithelial tube into the surrounding hydrogel confined to local regions with stromal cell populations, illustrating spatial control of cell-cell interactions and signaling gradients. This easy-to-use system has wide utility for modeling three-dimensional epithelial and endothelial tissue interactions with heterogeneous hydrogel compositions and/or stromal cell populations to investigate their mechanistic roles during development, homeostasis, or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brea Chernokal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713
| | - Bryan J. Ferrick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713
| | - Jason P. Gleghorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713
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3
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Cell Dome as an Evaluation Platform for Organized HepG2 Cells. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010069. [PMID: 36611862 PMCID: PMC9818560 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-hepatoblastoma-derived cell line, HepG2, has been widely used in liver and liver cancer studies. HepG2 spheroids produced in a three-dimensional (3D) culture system provide a better biological model than cells cultured in a two-dimensional (2D) culture system. Since cells at the center of spheroids exhibit specific behaviors attributed to hypoxic conditions, a 3D cell culture system that allows the observation of such cells using conventional optical or fluorescence microscopes would be useful. In this study, HepG2 cells were cultured in "Cell Dome", a micro-dome in which cells are enclosed in a cavity consisting of a hemispherical hydrogel shell. HepG2 cells formed hemispherical cell aggregates which filled the cavity of Cell Domes on 18 days of culture and the cells could continue to be cultured for 29 days. The cells at the center of hemispherical cell aggregates were observed using a fluorescence microscope. The cells grew in Cell Domes for 18 days exhibited higher Pi-class Glutathione S-Transferase enzymatic activity, hypoxia inducible factor-1α gene expression, and higher tolerance to mitomycin C than those cultured in 2D on tissue culture dishes (* p < 0.05). These results indicate that the center of the glass adhesive surface of hemispherical cell aggregates which is expected to have the similar environment as the center of the spheroids can be directly observed through glass plates. In conclusion, Cell Dome would be useful as an evaluation platform for organized HepG2 cells.
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Abrishamkar A, Nilghaz A, Saadatmand M, Naeimirad M, deMello AJ. Microfluidic-assisted fiber production: Potentials, limitations, and prospects. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2022; 16:061504. [PMID: 36406340 PMCID: PMC9674390 DOI: 10.1063/5.0129108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Besides the conventional fiber production methods, microfluidics has emerged as a promising approach for the engineered spinning of fibrous materials and offers excellent potential for fiber manufacturing in a controlled and straightforward manner. This method facilitates low-speed prototype synthesis of fibers for diverse applications while providing superior control over reaction conditions, efficient use of precursor solutions, reagent mixing, and process parameters. This article reviews recent advances in microfluidic technology for the fabrication of fibrous materials with different morphologies and a variety of properties aimed at various applications. First, the basic principles, as well as the latest developments and achievements of microfluidic-based techniques for fiber production, are introduced. Specifically, microfluidic platforms made of glass, polymers, and/or metals, including but not limited to microfluidic chips, capillary-based devices, and three-dimensional printed devices are summarized. Then, fiber production from various materials, such as alginate, gelatin, silk, collagen, and chitosan, using different microfluidic platforms with a broad range of cross-linking agents and mechanisms is described. Therefore, microfluidic spun fibers with diverse diameters ranging from submicrometer scales to hundreds of micrometers and structures, such as cylindrical, hollow, grooved, flat, core-shell, heterogeneous, helical, and peapod-like morphologies, with tunable sizes and mechanical properties are discussed in detail. Subsequently, the practical applications of microfluidic spun fibers are highlighted in sensors for biomedical or optical purposes, scaffolds for culture or encapsulation of cells in tissue engineering, and drug delivery. Finally, different limitations and challenges of the current microfluidic technologies, as well as the future perspectives and concluding remarks, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azadeh Nilghaz
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Maryam Saadatmand
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 11155-9465 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Naeimirad
- Department of Materials and Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Razi University, 67144-14971 Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Andrew J. deMello
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg1, 8049 Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Rojek K, Ćwiklińska M, Kuczak J, Guzowski J. Microfluidic Formulation of Topological Hydrogels for Microtissue Engineering. Chem Rev 2022; 122:16839-16909. [PMID: 36108106 PMCID: PMC9706502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics has recently emerged as a powerful tool in generation of submillimeter-sized cell aggregates capable of performing tissue-specific functions, so-called microtissues, for applications in drug testing, regenerative medicine, and cell therapies. In this work, we review the most recent advances in the field, with particular focus on the formulation of cell-encapsulating microgels of small "dimensionalities": "0D" (particles), "1D" (fibers), "2D" (sheets), etc., and with nontrivial internal topologies, typically consisting of multiple compartments loaded with different types of cells and/or biopolymers. Such structures, which we refer to as topological hydrogels or topological microgels (examples including core-shell or Janus microbeads and microfibers, hollow or porous microstructures, or granular hydrogels) can be precisely tailored with high reproducibility and throughput by using microfluidics and used to provide controlled "initial conditions" for cell proliferation and maturation into functional tissue-like microstructures. Microfluidic methods of formulation of topological biomaterials have enabled significant progress in engineering of miniature tissues and organs, such as pancreas, liver, muscle, bone, heart, neural tissue, or vasculature, as well as in fabrication of tailored microenvironments for stem-cell expansion and differentiation, or in cancer modeling, including generation of vascularized tumors for personalized drug testing. We review the available microfluidic fabrication methods by exploiting various cross-linking mechanisms and various routes toward compartmentalization and critically discuss the available tissue-specific applications. Finally, we list the remaining challenges such as simplification of the microfluidic workflow for its widespread use in biomedical research, bench-to-bedside transition including production upscaling, further in vivo validation, generation of more precise organ-like models, as well as incorporation of induced pluripotent stem cells as a step toward clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna
O. Rojek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Ćwiklińska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Julia Kuczak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Guzowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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6
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McDuffie D, Barr D, Agarwal A, Thomas E. Physiologically relevant microsystems to study viral infection in the human liver. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:999366. [PMID: 36246284 PMCID: PMC9555087 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.999366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral hepatitis is a leading cause of liver disease and mortality. Infection can occur acutely or chronically, but the mechanisms that govern the clearance of virus or lack thereof are poorly understood and merit further investigation. Though cures for viral hepatitis have been developed, they are expensive, not readily accessible in vulnerable populations and some patients may remain at an increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) even after viral clearance. To sustain infection in vitro, hepatocytes must be fully mature and remain in a differentiated state. However, primary hepatocytes rapidly dedifferentiate in conventional 2D in vitro platforms. Physiologically relevant or physiomimetic microsystems, are increasingly popular alternatives to traditional two-dimensional (2D) monocultures for in vitro studies. Physiomimetic systems reconstruct and incorporate elements of the native cellular microenvironment to improve biologic functionality in vitro. Multiple elements contribute to these models including ancillary tissue architecture, cell co-cultures, matrix proteins, chemical gradients and mechanical forces that contribute to increased viability, longevity and physiologic function for the tissue of interest. These microsystems are used in a wide variety of applications to study biological phenomena. Here, we explore the use of physiomimetic microsystems as tools for studying viral hepatitis infection in the liver and how the design of these platforms is tailored for enhanced investigation of the viral lifecycle when compared to conventional 2D cell culture models. Although liver-based physiomimetic microsystems are typically applied in the context of drug studies, the platforms developed for drug discovery purposes offer a solid foundation to support studies on viral hepatitis. Physiomimetic platforms may help prolong hepatocyte functionality in order to sustain chronic viral hepatitis infection in vitro for studying virus-host interactions for prolonged periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis McDuffie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - David Barr
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Ashutosh Agarwal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Ashutosh Agarwal,
| | - Emmanuel Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Schiff Center for Liver Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Emmanuel Thomas,
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7
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Filippi M, Buchner T, Yasa O, Weirich S, Katzschmann RK. Microfluidic Tissue Engineering and Bio-Actuation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108427. [PMID: 35194852 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bio-hybrid technologies aim to replicate the unique capabilities of biological systems that could surpass advanced artificial technologies. Soft bio-hybrid robots consist of synthetic and living materials and have the potential to self-assemble, regenerate, work autonomously, and interact safely with other species and the environment. Cells require a sufficient exchange of nutrients and gases, which is guaranteed by convection and diffusive transport through liquid media. The functional development and long-term survival of biological tissues in vitro can be improved by dynamic flow culture, but only microfluidic flow control can develop tissue with fine structuring and regulation at the microscale. Full control of tissue growth at the microscale will eventually lead to functional macroscale constructs, which are needed as the biological component of soft bio-hybrid technologies. This review summarizes recent progress in microfluidic techniques to engineer biological tissues, focusing on the use of muscle cells for robotic bio-actuation. Moreover, the instances in which bio-actuation technologies greatly benefit from fusion with microfluidics are highlighted, which include: the microfabrication of matrices, biomimicry of cell microenvironments, tissue maturation, perfusion, and vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Filippi
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Buchner
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Oncay Yasa
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Weirich
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Robert K Katzschmann
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
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8
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Garello F, Svenskaya Y, Parakhonskiy B, Filippi M. Micro/Nanosystems for Magnetic Targeted Delivery of Bioagents. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061132. [PMID: 35745705 PMCID: PMC9230665 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted delivery of pharmaceuticals is promising for efficient disease treatment and reduction in adverse effects. Nano or microstructured magnetic materials with strong magnetic momentum can be noninvasively controlled via magnetic forces within living beings. These magnetic carriers open perspectives in controlling the delivery of different types of bioagents in humans, including small molecules, nucleic acids, and cells. In the present review, we describe different types of magnetic carriers that can serve as drug delivery platforms, and we show different ways to apply them to magnetic targeted delivery of bioagents. We discuss the magnetic guidance of nano/microsystems or labeled cells upon injection into the systemic circulation or in the tissue; we then highlight emergent applications in tissue engineering, and finally, we show how magnetic targeting can integrate with imaging technologies that serve to assist drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Garello
- Molecular and Preclinical Imaging Centers, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Yulia Svenskaya
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia;
| | - Bogdan Parakhonskiy
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Miriam Filippi
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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Hautefort I, Poletti M, Papp D, Korcsmaros T. Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Organoid-Based Models (and Never Dared to Ask). Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:311-331. [PMID: 35643188 PMCID: PMC9233279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Homeostatic functions of a living tissue, such as the gastrointestinal tract, rely on highly sophisticated and finely tuned cell-to-cell interactions. These crosstalks evolve and continuously are refined as the tissue develops and give rise to specialized cells performing general and tissue-specific functions. To study these systems, stem cell-based in vitro models, often called organoids, and non-stem cell-based primary cell aggregates (called spheroids) appeared just over a decade ago. These models still are evolving and gaining complexity, making them the state-of-the-art models for studying cellular crosstalk in the gastrointestinal tract, and to investigate digestive pathologies, such as inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and liver diseases. However, the use of organoid- or spheroid-based models to recapitulate in vitro the highly complex structure of in vivo tissue remains challenging, and mainly restricted to expert developmental cell biologists. Here, we condense the founding knowledge and key literature information that scientists adopting the organoid technology for the first time need to consider when using these models for novel biological questions. We also include information that current organoid/spheroid users could use to add to increase the complexity to their existing models. We highlight the current and prospective evolution of these models through bridging stem cell biology with biomaterial and scaffold engineering research areas. Linking these complementary fields will increase the in vitro mimicry of in vivo tissue, and potentially lead to more successful translational biomedical applications. Deepening our understanding of the nature and dynamic fine-tuning of intercellular crosstalks will enable identifying novel signaling targets for new or repurposed therapeutics used in many multifactorial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Hautefort
- Earlham Institute, Organisms and Ecosystems Programme, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Martina Poletti
- Earlham Institute, Organisms and Ecosystems Programme, Norwich, United Kingdom; Quadram Institute Bioscience, Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Papp
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Tamas Korcsmaros
- Earlham Institute, Organisms and Ecosystems Programme, Norwich, United Kingdom; Quadram Institute Bioscience, Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Norwich, United Kingdom; Imperial College London, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, London, United Kingdom.
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Mea H, Wan J. Microfluidics-enabled functional 3D printing. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2022; 16:021501. [PMID: 35282033 PMCID: PMC8896890 DOI: 10.1063/5.0083673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic technology has established itself as a powerful tool to enable highly precise spatiotemporal control over fluid streams for mixing, separations, biochemical reactions, and material synthesis. 3D printing technologies such as extrusion-based printing, inkjet, and stereolithography share similar length scales and fundamentals of fluid handling with microfluidics. The advanced fluidic manipulation capabilities afforded by microfluidics can thus be potentially leveraged to enhance the performance of existing 3D printing technologies or even develop new approaches to additive manufacturing. This review discusses recent developments in integrating microfluidic elements with several well-established 3D printing technologies, highlighting the trend of using microfluidic approaches to achieve functional and multimaterial 3D printing as well as to identify potential future research directions in this emergent area.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Mea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J. Wan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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11
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Maji S, Lee H. Engineering Hydrogels for the Development of Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2662. [PMID: 35269803 PMCID: PMC8910155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The superiority of in vitro 3D cultures over conventional 2D cell cultures is well recognized by the scientific community for its relevance in mimicking the native tissue architecture and functionality. The recent paradigm shift in the field of tissue engineering toward the development of 3D in vitro models can be realized with its myriad of applications, including drug screening, developing alternative diagnostics, and regenerative medicine. Hydrogels are considered the most suitable biomaterial for developing an in vitro model owing to their similarity in features to the extracellular microenvironment of native tissue. In this review article, recent progress in the use of hydrogel-based biomaterial for the development of 3D in vitro biomimetic tissue models is highlighted. Discussions of hydrogel sources and the latest hybrid system with different combinations of biopolymers are also presented. The hydrogel crosslinking mechanism and design consideration are summarized, followed by different types of available hydrogel module systems along with recent microfabrication technologies. We also present the latest developments in engineering hydrogel-based 3D in vitro models targeting specific tissues. Finally, we discuss the challenges surrounding current in vitro platforms and 3D models in the light of future perspectives for an improved biomimetic in vitro organ system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Maji
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Kangwon National University (KNU), Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Hyungseok Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Kangwon National University (KNU), Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
- Department of Smart Health Science and Technology, Kangwon National University (KNU), Chuncheon 24341, Korea
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12
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Zhuge W, Liu H, Wang W, Wang J. Microfluidic Bioscaffolds for Regenerative Engineering. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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13
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Farrokhi A, Rahavi M, Jo S, Jalili R, Lim CJ, Ghahsary A, Reid GSD. Inflammatory Immune Responses Trigger Rejection of Allogeneic Fibroblasts Transplanted into Mouse Skin. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221113803. [PMID: 35912954 PMCID: PMC9340901 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221113803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts, or their homolog stromal cells, are present in most tissues and play an essential role in tissue homeostasis and regeneration. As a result, fibroblast-based strategies have been widely employed in tissue engineering. However, while considered to have immunosuppressive properties, the survival and functionality of allogeneic fibroblasts after transplantation remain controversial. Here, we evaluated innate and adaptive immune responses against allogeneic fibroblasts following intradermal injection into different immune-deficient mouse strains. While allogeneic fibroblasts were rejected 1 week after transplantation in immunocompetent mice, rejection did not occur in immunodeficient γ chain–deficient NOD-SCID (NSG) mice. T-cell- and B-cell-deficient RAG1 knockout mice showed greater loss of fibroblasts by day 5 after transplantation compared with NSG mice (P ≤ 0.05) but prolonged persistence compared with wild-type recipient (P ≤ 0.005). Loss of fibroblasts correlated with the expression of proinflammatory chemokine genes and infiltration of myeloid cells in the transplantation site. Depletion of macrophages and neutrophils delayed rejection, revealing the role of innate immune cells in an early elimination of fibroblasts that is followed by T-cell-mediated rejection in the second week. These findings indicate that the application of allogeneic fibroblasts in tissue engineering products requires further improvements to overcome cell rejection by innate and adaptive immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Farrokhi
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - MohammadReza Rahavi
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sumin Jo
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Reza Jalili
- Burn & Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery and International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C. James Lim
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Aziz Ghahsary
- Burn & Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery and International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gregor S. D. Reid
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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14
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Zarrintaj P, Saeb MR, Stadler FJ, Yazdi MK, Nezhad MN, Mohebbi S, Seidi F, Ganjali MR, Mozafari M. Human Organs-on-Chips: A Review of the State-of-the-Art, Current Prospects, and Future Challenges. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 6:e2000526. [PMID: 34837667 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
New emerging technologies, remarkably miniaturized 3D organ models and microfluidics, enable simulation of the real in vitro microenvironment ex vivo more closely. There are many fascinating features of innovative organ-on-a-chip (OOC) technology, including the possibility of integrating semipermeable and/or stretchable membranes, creating continuous perfusion of fluids into microchannels and chambers (while maintaining laminar flow regime), embedding microdevices like microsensors, microstimulators, micro heaters, or different cell lines, along with other 3D cell culture technologies. OOC systems are designed to imitate the structure and function of human organs, ranging from breathing lungs to beating hearts. This technology is expected to be able to revolutionize cell biology studies, personalized precision medicine, drug development process, and cancer diagnosis/treatment. OOC systems can significantly reduce the cost associated with tedious drug development processes and the risk of adverse drug reactions in the body, which makes drug screening more effective. The review mainly focus on presenting an overview of the several previously developed OOC systems accompanied by subjects relevant to pharmacy-, cancer-, and placenta-on-a-chip. The challenging issues and opportunities related to these systems are discussed, along with a future perspective for this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Zarrintaj
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 420 Engineering North, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland
| | - Florian J Stadler
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417466191, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Nasiri Nezhad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, 57166-419, Iran
| | - Shabnam Mohebbi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tabriz University, Tabriz, 51335-1996, Iran
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417466191, Iran.,Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14395-1179, Iran
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
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15
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Zhang P, Shao N, Qin L. Recent Advances in Microfluidic Platforms for Programming Cell-Based Living Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005944. [PMID: 34270839 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based living materials, including single cells, cell-laden fibers, cell sheets, organoids, and organs, have attracted intensive interests owing to their widespread applications in cancer therapy, regenerative medicine, drug development, and so on. Significant progress in materials, microfabrication, and cell biology have promoted the development of numerous promising microfluidic platforms for programming these cell-based living materials with a high-throughput, scalable, and efficient manner. In this review, the recent progress of novel microfluidic platforms for programming cell-based living materials is presented. First, the unique features, categories, and materials and related fabrication methods of microfluidic platforms are briefly introduced. From the viewpoint of the design principles of the microfluidic platforms, the recent significant advances of programming single cells, cell-laden fibers, cell sheets, organoids, and organs in turns are then highlighted. Last, by providing personal perspectives on challenges and future trends, this review aims to motivate researchers from the fields of materials and engineering to work together with biologists and physicians to promote the development of cell-based living materials for human healthcare-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchao Zhang
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ning Shao
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Lidong Qin
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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16
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Magnani JS, Montazami R, Hashemi NN. Recent Advances in Microfluidically Spun Microfibers for Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery Applications. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2021; 14:185-205. [PMID: 33940929 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-090420-101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the unique and tunable properties of microfluidically spun microfibers have led to tremendous advancements for the field of biomedical engineering, which have been applied to areas such as tissue engineering, wound dressing, and drug delivery, as well as cell encapsulation and cell seeding. In this article, we analyze the most recent advances in microfluidics and microfluidically spun microfibers, with an emphasis on biomedical applications. We explore in detail these new and innovative experiments, how microfibers are made, the experimental purpose of making microfibers, and the future work that can be done as a result of these new types of microfibers. We also focus on the applications of various materials used to fabricate microfibers, as well as their many promises and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Scott Magnani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA;
| | - Reza Montazami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA;
| | - Nicole N Hashemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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17
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Zhao M, Liu H, Zhang X, Wang H, Tao T, Qin J. A flexible microfluidic strategy to generate grooved microfibers for guiding cell alignment. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4880-4890. [PMID: 34152350 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00549a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogel microfibers are widely applied in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their tunable morphology, componential anisotropy, and good biocompatibility. Specifically, grooved microfibers with unique advantages can facilitate cell alignment for mimicking the microstructures of myobundles. Herein, a microfluidic spinning system is proposed for flexibly generating grooved microfibers relying on the volume change after ionic crosslinking of sodium alginate (NaA) with different concentrations. In the system, multiple parallel channels are integrated into a flow-focusing microchip and NaA with various concentrations is introduced into the respective channels for fabricating well-defined microfibers. The size and shape of the fibers are tuned by the viscosity and concentration of the NaA solution, as well as the flow rates of NaA and calcium chloride (CaCl2) in a controllable manner. Moreover, the grooved fibers with heterogeneous components can be generated via co-spinning gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and NaA to form interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs). The microfibers with heterogeneous IPNs are successfully used as anisotropic scaffolds for the 3D culture of muscle cells (C2C12). The muscle cells grown on the microfibers exhibited good viability and ordered alignment, indicating the good biocompatibility and orientational function of the heterogeneous fibers. The proposed approach is flexible and controllable, holding potential in replicating various aligned microstructures in vivo, such as bundles of nerves and blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqian Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of SSAC, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of SSAC, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of SSAC, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China.
| | - Hui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of SSAC, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of SSAC, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of SSAC, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China and Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P.R. China and CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
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18
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Abstract
The microfluidics field is at a critical crossroads. The vast majority of microfluidic devices are presently manufactured using micromolding processes that work very well for a reduced set of biocompatible materials, but the time, cost, and design constraints of micromolding hinder the commercialization of many devices. As a result, the dissemination of microfluidic technology-and its impact on society-is in jeopardy. Digital manufacturing (DM) refers to a family of computer-centered processes that integrate digital three-dimensional (3D) designs, automated (additive or subtractive) fabrication, and device testing in order to increase fabrication efficiency. Importantly, DM enables the inexpensive realization of 3D designs that are impossible or very difficult to mold. The adoption of DM by microfluidic engineers has been slow, likely due to concerns over the resolution of the printers and the biocompatibility of the resins. In this article, we review and discuss the various printer types, resolution, biocompatibility issues, DM microfluidic designs, and the bright future ahead for this promising, fertile field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Naderi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA;
| | - Nirveek Bhattacharjee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA;
| | - Albert Folch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA;
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19
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Richard C, Neild A, Cadarso VJ. The emerging role of microfluidics in multi-material 3D bioprinting. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:2044-2056. [PMID: 32459222 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc01184f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
To assist the transition of 3D bioprinting technology from simple lab-based tissue fabrication, to fully functional and implantable organs, the technology must not only provide shape control, but also functional control. This can be accomplished by replicating the cellular composition of the native tissue at the microscale, such that cell types interact to provide the desired function. There is therefore a need for precise, controllable, multi-material printing that could allow for high, possibly even single cell, resolution. This paper aims to draw attention to technological advancements made in 3D bioprinting that target the lack of multi-material, and/or multi cell-type, printing capabilities of most current devices. Unlike other reviews in the field, which largely focus on variations in single-material 3D bioprinting involving the standard methods of extrusion-based, droplet-based, laser-based, or stereolithographic methods; this review concentrates on sophisticated multi-material 3D bioprinting using multi-cartridge printheads, co-axial nozzles and microfluidic-enhanced printing nozzles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Richard
- Laboratory for Micro Systems, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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20
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Ouyang L, Armstrong JPK, Chen Q, Lin Y, Stevens MM. Void-free 3D Bioprinting for In-situ Endothelialization and Microfluidic Perfusion. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:1909009. [PMID: 35677899 PMCID: PMC7612826 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201909009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Two major challenges of 3D bioprinting are the retention of structural fidelity and efficient endothelialization for tissue vascularization. We address both of these issues by introducing a versatile 3D bioprinting strategy, in which a templating bioink is deposited layer-by-layer alongside a matrix bioink to establish void-free multimaterial structures. After crosslinking the matrix phase, the templating phase is sacrificed to create a well-defined 3D network of interconnected tubular channels. This void-free 3D printing (VF-3DP) approach circumvents the traditional concerns of structural collapse, deformation and oxygen inhibition, moreover, it can be readily used to print materials that are widely considered "unprintable". By pre-loading endothelial cells into the templating bioink, the inner surface of the channels can be efficiently cellularized with a confluent endothelial layer. This in-situ endothelialization method can be used to produce endothelium with a far greater uniformity than can be achieved using the conventional post-seeding approach. This VF-3DP approach can also be extended beyond tissue fabrication and towards customized hydrogel-based microfluidics and self-supported perfusable hydrogel constructs.
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21
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Wang J, Yu Y, Guo J, Lu W, Wei Q, Zhao Y. The Construction and Application of Three-Dimensional Biomaterials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e1900238. [PMID: 32293130 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials have been widely explored and applied in many areas, especially in the field of tissue engineering. The interface of biomaterials and cells has been deeply investigated. However, it has been demonstrated that conventional 2D biomaterials fail to maintain the 3D structures and phenotypes of cells, which is the result of their limited ability to mimic the latter's complex extracellular matrix. To overcome this challenge, cell cultivation dependent on 3D biomaterials has emerged as an alternative strategy to make the recovery of 3D structures and functions of cells possible. Thus, with the thriving development of 3D cell culture in tissue engineering, a holistic review of the construction and application of 3D biomaterials is desired. Here, recent developments in 3D biomaterials for tissue engineering are reviewed. An overview of various approaches to construct 3D biomaterials, such as electro-jetting/-spinning, micro-molding, microfluidics, and 3D bio-printing, is first presented. Their typical applications in constructing cell sheets, vascular structures, cell spheroids, and macroscopic cellular constructs are described as well. Following these two sections, the current status and challenges are analyzed, as well as the future outlook of 3D biomaterials for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210031, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yunru Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Jiahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Wei Lu
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210031, China
| | - Qiong Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
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22
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Du XY, Li Q, Wu G, Chen S. Multifunctional Micro/Nanoscale Fibers Based on Microfluidic Spinning Technology. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1903733. [PMID: 31573714 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Superfine multifunctional micro/nanoscale fibrous materials with high surface area and ordered structure have attracted intensive attention for widespread applications in recent years. Microfluidic spinning technology (MST) has emerged as a powerful and versatile platform because of its various advantages such as high surface-area-to-volume ratio, effective heat transfer, and enhanced reaction rate. The resultant well-defined micro/nanoscale fibers exhibit controllable compositions, advanced structures, and new physical/chemical properties. The latest developments and achievements in microfluidic spun fiber materials are summarized in terms of the underlying preparation principles, geometric configurations, and functionalization. Variously architected structures and shapes by MST, including cylindrical, grooved, flat, anisotropic, hollow, core-shell, Janus, heterogeneous, helical, and knotted fibers, are emphasized. In particular, fiber-spinning chemistry in MST for achieving functionalization of fiber materials by in situ chemical reactions inside fibers is introduced. Additionally, the applications of the fabricated functional fibers are highlighted in sensors, microactuators, photoelectric devices, flexible electronics, tissue engineering, drug delivery, and water collection. Finally, recent progress, challenges, and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Guan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Su Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
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23
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Zheng Z, Wang H, Li J, Shi Q, Cui J, Sun T, Huang Q, Fukuda T. 3D Construction of Shape-Controllable Tissues through Self-Bonding of Multicellular Microcapsules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:22950-22961. [PMID: 31252493 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Designed microtissues that replicate highly ordered three-dimensional (3D) multicellular in vivo structures have shown huge potential in biomedical research and drug discovery. Through microencapsulation and microfluidic techniques, cell-laden microcapsules have been widely used as pathological or pharmacological models. However, most conventional microtissue construction strategies can only engineer simply predefined microcapsules with monotonous biological components in two dimensions. Here, we propose a flexible 3D microtissue construction method through self-bonding of real-time shape-programmable microcapsules. The microcapsules are prepared by photo-induced electrodeposition of cell-laden alginate hydrogel and flexibly tailored into tissue-specific shapes, sizes, and arbitrary biocomponents. With the local fluidics-guided assembly, the microcapsules are spatially organized into 3D perfectly aligned microtissues. To mimic in vivo intercellular connection, the aligned microcapsules are precoated with fibroblasts to self-bond the adjacent layers into a robust assemblage through fibroblast-extracellular matrix interactions, which highly reproduces the tissue morphogenesis in natural organisms. As a typical complex tissue model, the 3D hepatic lobule was engineered utilizing HepG2 cells seeded into microcapsules with a fibroblast coating, and its biofunction including albumin and urea secretion was improved by nearly two-fold compared with cells seeded without a fibroblast coating. We anticipate that our method will be capable of regenerating more complex multicellular constructs with unprecedented possibilities for future tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zheng
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street , Haidian District, Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Huaping Wang
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street , Haidian District, Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Jianing Li
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street , Haidian District, Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Qing Shi
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street , Haidian District, Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Juan Cui
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street , Haidian District, Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Tao Sun
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street , Haidian District, Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street , Haidian District, Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Toshio Fukuda
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street , Haidian District, Beijing 100081 , China
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24
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Cui J, Wang H, Zheng Z, Shi Q, Sun T, Huang Q, Fukuda T. Fabrication of perfusable 3D hepatic lobule-like constructs through assembly of multiple cell type laden hydrogel microstructures. Biofabrication 2018; 11:015016. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aaf3c9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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25
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Joob B, Wiwanitkit V. Use of Organoids Technology on Study of Liver Malignancy. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_126_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe study on liver cancer has been performed in clinical medicine and medical science for a long time. Within the few recent years, there are many new emerging biomedical technologies that help better assess on the liver cancer. Of several new technologies, the advanced cell technologies for the assessment of liver cancer, organoids technology is very interesting. In fact, the organoids is an advanced cell research technique that can be useful for studying of many medical disorders. Organoids can be applied for study on the pathophysiology of many cancers. The application for studying on liver cancer is very interesting issue in hepatology. In this short article, the author summarizes and discusses on applied organoids technology for studying on various kinds of liver cancers. The application can be seen on primary hepatocellular carcinoma, metastatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatoblastoma, as well as other rare liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beuy Joob
- Sanitation 1 Medical Academic Center, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Viroj Wiwanitkit
- Department of Biological Science, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ilara-Mokin, Nigeria
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26
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Ma S, Mukherjee N. Microfluidics Fabrication of Soft Microtissues and Bottom-Up Assembly. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Ma
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute; Tsinghua University; Shenzhen China
| | - Nobina Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; OX1 3TA Oxford UK
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27
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Sugimoto M, Kitagawa Y, Yamada M, Yajima Y, Utoh R, Seki M. Micropassage-embedding composite hydrogel fibers enable quantitative evaluation of cancer cell invasion under 3D coculture conditions. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:1378-1387. [PMID: 29658964 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc01280b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration and invasion are of significant importance in physiological phenomena, including wound healing and cancer metastasis. Here we propose a new system for quantitatively evaluating cancer cell invasion in a three-dimensional (3D), in vivo tissue-like environment. This system uses composite hydrogel microfibers whose cross section has a relatively soft micropassage region and that were prepared using a multilayered microfluidic device; cancer cells are encapsulated in the core and fibroblasts are seeded in the shell regions surrounding the core. Cancer cell proliferation is guided through the micropassage because of the physical restriction imposed by the surrounding solid shell regions. Quantitative analysis of cancer cell invasion is possible simply by counting the cancer cell colonies that form outside the fiber. This platform enables the evaluation of anticancer drug efficacy (cisplatin, paclitaxel, and 5-fluorouracil) based on the degree of invasion and the gene expression of cancer cells (A549 cells) with or without the presence of fibroblasts (NIH-3T3 cells). The presented hydrogel fiber-based migration assays could be useful for studying cell behaviors under 3D coculture conditions and for drug screening and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Sugimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
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28
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Sun T, Li X, Shi Q, Wang H, Huang Q, Fukuda T. Microfluidic Spun Alginate Hydrogel Microfibers and Their Application in Tissue Engineering. Gels 2018; 4:gels4020038. [PMID: 30674814 PMCID: PMC6209268 DOI: 10.3390/gels4020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is focusing on processing tissue micro-structures for a variety of applications in cell biology and the “bottom-up” construction of artificial tissue. Over the last decade, microfluidic devices have provided novel tools for producing alginate hydrogel microfibers with various morphologies, structures, and compositions for cell cultivation. Moreover, microfluidic spun alginate microfibers are long, thin, and flexible, and these features facilitate higher-order assemblies for fabricating macroscopic cellular structures. In this paper, we present an overview of the microfluidic spinning principle of alginate hydrogel microfibers and their application as micro-scaffolds or scaffolding elements for 3D assembly in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 10081, China.
| | - Xingfu Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 10081, China.
| | - Qing Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 10081, China.
| | - Huaping Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 10081, China.
| | - Qiang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 10081, China.
| | - Toshio Fukuda
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 10081, China.
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He Q, Okajima T, Onoe H, Subagyo A, Sueoka K, Kuribayashi-Shigetomi K. Origami-based self-folding of co-cultured NIH/3T3 and HepG2 cells into 3D microstructures. Sci Rep 2018. [PMID: 29540810 PMCID: PMC5852161 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22598-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper describes an origami-inspired self-folding method to form three-dimensional (3D) microstructures of co-cultured cells. After a confluent monolayer of fibroblasts (NIH/3T3 cells) with loaded hepatocytes (HepG2 cells) was cultured onto two-dimensional (2D) microplates, degradation of the alginate sacrificial layer in the system by addition of alginate lyase triggered NIH/3T3 cells to self-fold the microplates around HepG2 cells, and then 3D cell co-culture microstructures were spontaneously formed. Using this method, we can create a large number of 3D cell co-culture microstructures swiftly with ease in the same time. We find that HepG2 cells confined in the 3D cell co-culture microstructures have an ability to enhance the secreted albumin compared to 2D system in a long culture period. The result indicates that the origami-based cell self-folding technique presented here is useful in regenerative medicine and the preclinical stage of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian He
- Institute for the Advancement of Higher Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takaharu Okajima
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Onoe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Agus Subagyo
- Creative Research Institution Sousei, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Sueoka
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Yajima Y, Lee CN, Yamada M, Utoh R, Seki M. Development of a perfusable 3D liver cell cultivation system via bundling-up assembly of cell-laden microfibers. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 126:111-118. [PMID: 29502942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Although the reconstruction of functional 3D liver tissue models in vitro presents numerous challenges, it is in great demand for drug development, regenerative medicine, and physiological studies. Here we propose a new approach to perform perfusion cultivation of liver cells by assembling cell-laden hydrogel microfibers. HepG2 cells were densely packed into the core of sandwich-type anisotropic microfibers, which were produced using microfluidic devices. The obtained microfibers were bundled up and packed into a perfusion chamber, and perfusion cultivation was performed. We evaluated cell viability and functions, and also monitored the oxygen consumption. Furthermore, fibers covered with vascular endothelial cells were united during the perfusion culture, to form vascular network-like conduits between fibers. The presented technique can structurally mimic the hepatic lobule in vivo and could prove to be a useful model for various biomedical research applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Yajima
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Chu Ning Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Masumi Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Rie Utoh
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Minoru Seki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Baudequin T, Tabrizian M. Multilineage Constructs for Scaffold-Based Tissue Engineering: A Review of Tissue-Specific Challenges. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 29193897 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the regeneration of tissue in interfacial regions, where biological, physical, and chemical attributes vary across tissue type. The simultaneous use of distinct cell lineages can help in developing in vitro structures, analogous to native composite tissues. This literature review gathers the recent reports that have investigated multiple cell types of various sources and lineages in a coculture system for tissue-engineered constructs. Such studies aim at mimicking the native organization of tissues and their interfaces, and/or to improve the development of complex tissue substitutes. This paper thus distinguishes itself from those focusing on technical aspects of coculturing for a single specific tissue. The first part of this review is dedicated to variables of cocultured tissue engineering such as scaffold, cells, and in vitro culture environment. Next, tissue-specific coculture methods and approaches are covered for the most studied tissues. Finally, cross-analysis is performed to highlight emerging trends in coculture principles and to discuss how tissue-specific challenges can inspire new approaches for regeneration of different interfaces to improve the outcomes of various tissue engineering strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Baudequin
- Faculty of Medicine; Biomat'X Laboratory; Department of Biomedical Engineering; McGill University; 740 ave. Dr. Penfield, Room 4300 Montréal QC H3A 0G1 Québec Canada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Faculty of Medicine; Biomat'X Laboratory; Department of Biomedical Engineering; McGill University; 740 ave. Dr. Penfield, Room 4300 Montréal QC H3A 0G1 Québec Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University; 3775 rue University, Room 313/308B Montréal QC H3A 2B4 Québec Canada
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Alizadehgiashi M, Khabibullin A, Li Y, Prince E, Abolhasani M, Kumacheva E. Shear-Induced Alignment of Anisotropic Nanoparticles in a Single-Droplet Oscillatory Microfluidic Platform. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:322-330. [PMID: 29202244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Flow-induced alignment of shape-anisotropic colloidal particles is of great importance in fundamental research and in the fabrication of structurally anisotropic materials; however, rheo-optical studies of shear-induced particle orientation are time- and labor-intensive and require complicated experimental setups. We report a single-droplet oscillatory microfluidic strategy integrated with in-line polarized light imaging as a strategy for studies of shear-induced alignment of rod-shape nanoparticles. Using an oscillating droplet of an aqueous isotropic suspension of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), we explore the effect of the shear rate and suspension viscosity on the flow-induced CNC alignment and subsequent relaxation to the isotropic state. The proposed microfluidic strategy enables high-throughput studies of shear-induced orientations in structured liquid under precisely controlled experimental conditions. The results of such studies can be used in the development of structure-anisotropic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moien Alizadehgiashi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Amir Khabibullin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Elisabeth Prince
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Milad Abolhasani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , 4 Taddle Creek Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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Yamada M, Seki M. Multiphase Microfluidic Processes to Produce Alginate-Based Microparticles and Fibers. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.17we328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University
| | - Minoru Seki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University
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Ma J, Wang Y, Liu J. Biomaterials Meet Microfluidics: From Synthesis Technologies to Biological Applications. MICROMACHINES 2017; 8:E255. [PMID: 30400445 PMCID: PMC6190052 DOI: 10.3390/mi8080255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics is characterized by laminar flow at micro-scale dimension, high surface to volume ratio, and markedly improved heat/mass transfer. In addition, together with advantages of large-scale integration and flexible manipulation, microfluidic technology has been rapidly developed as one of the most important platforms in the field of functional biomaterial synthesis. Compared to biomaterials assisted by conventional strategies, functional biomaterials synthesized by microfluidics are with superior properties and performances, due to their controllable morphology and composition, which have shown great advantages and potential in the field of biomedicine, biosensing, and tissue engineering. Take the significance of microfluidic engineered biomaterials into consideration; this review highlights the microfluidic synthesis technologies and biomedical applications of materials. We divide microfluidic based biomaterials into four kinds. According to the material dimensionality, it includes: 0D (particulate materials), 1D (fibrous materials), 2D (sheet materials), and 3D (construct forms of materials). In particular, micro/nano-particles and micro/nano-fibers are introduced respectively. This classification standard could include all of the microfluidic biomaterials, and we envision introducing a comprehensive and overall evaluation and presentation of microfluidic based biomaterials and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Ma
- Regenerative Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Yachen Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
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36
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Yajima Y, Yamada M, Utoh R, Seki M. Collagen Microparticle-Mediated 3D Cell Organization: A Facile Route to Bottom-up Engineering of Thick and Porous Tissues. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:2144-2154. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Yajima
- Department of Applied Chemistry
and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33
Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Masumi Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry
and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33
Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Rie Utoh
- Department of Applied Chemistry
and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33
Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Minoru Seki
- Department of Applied Chemistry
and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33
Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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37
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Fibroblasts as maestros orchestrating tissue regeneration. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:240-251. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Lee SH, Shim KY, Kim B, Sung JH. Hydrogel-based three-dimensional cell culture for organ-on-a-chip applications. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 33:580-589. [PMID: 28247962 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that three-dimensionally cultured cells have more physiologically relevant functions than two-dimensionally cultured cells. Cells are three-dimensionally surrounded by the extracellular matrix (ECM) in complex in vivo microenvironments and interact with the ECM and neighboring cells. Therefore, replicating the ECM environment is key to the successful cell culture models. Various natural and synthetic hydrogels have been used to mimic ECM environments based on their physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and biochemical functional groups. Because of these characteristics, hydrogels have been combined with microtechnologies and used in organ-on-a-chip applications to more closely recapitulate the in vivo microenvironment. Therefore, appropriate hydrogels should be selected depending on the cell types and applications. The porosity of the selected hydrogel should be controlled to facilitate the movement of nutrients and oxygen. In this review, we describe various types of hydrogels, external stimulation-based gelation of hydrogels, and control of their porosity. Then, we introduce applications of hydrogels for organ-on-a-chip. Last, we also discuss the challenges of hydrogel-based three-dimensional cell culture techniques and propose future directions. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 33:580-589, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hwan Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Young Shim
- Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, 121-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumsang Kim
- Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, 121-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hwan Sung
- Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, 121-791, Republic of Korea
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Cheng J, Jun Y, Qin J, Lee SH. Electrospinning versus microfluidic spinning of functional fibers for biomedical applications. Biomaterials 2017; 114:121-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kinoshita K, Iwase M, Yamada M, Yajima Y, Seki M. Fabrication of multilayered vascular tissues using microfluidic agarose hydrogel platforms. Biotechnol J 2016; 11:1415-1423. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201600083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Keita Kinoshita
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba Japan
| | - Masaki Iwase
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba Japan
| | - Masumi Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba Japan
| | - Yuya Yajima
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba Japan
| | - Minoru Seki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba Japan
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41
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Advances in Engineered Liver Models for Investigating Drug-Induced Liver Injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:1829148. [PMID: 27725933 PMCID: PMC5048025 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1829148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major cause of drug attrition. Testing drugs on human liver models is essential to mitigate the risk of clinical DILI since animal studies do not always suffice due to species-specific differences in liver pathways. While primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) can be cultured on extracellular matrix proteins, a rapid decline in functions leads to low sensitivity (<50%) in DILI prediction. Semiconductor-driven engineering tools now allow precise control over the hepatocyte microenvironment to enhance and stabilize phenotypic functions. The latest platforms coculture PHHs with stromal cells to achieve hepatic stability and enable crosstalk between the various liver cell types towards capturing complex cellular mechanisms in DILI. The recent introduction of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived human hepatocyte-like cells can potentially allow a better understanding of interindividual differences in idiosyncratic DILI. Liver models are also being coupled to other tissue models via microfluidic perfusion to study the intertissue crosstalk upon drug exposure as in a live organism. Here, we review the major advances being made in the engineering of liver models and readouts as they pertain to DILI investigations. We anticipate that engineered human liver models will reduce drug attrition, animal usage, and cases of DILI in humans.
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42
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Wan AC. Recapitulating Cell–Cell Interactions for Organoid Construction – Are Biomaterials Dispensable? Trends Biotechnol 2016; 34:711-721. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Hannoun Z, Steichen C, Dianat N, Weber A, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. The potential of induced pluripotent stem cell derived hepatocytes. J Hepatol 2016; 65:182-199. [PMID: 26916529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Orthotopic liver transplantation remains the only curative treatment for liver disease. However, the number of patients who die while on the waiting list (15%) has increased in recent years as a result of severe organ shortages; furthermore the incidence of liver disease is increasing worldwide. Clinical trials involving hepatocyte transplantation have provided encouraging results. However, transplanted cell function appears to often decline after several months, necessitating liver transplantation. The precise aetiology of the loss of cell function is not clear, but poor engraftment and immune-mediated loss appear to be important factors. Also, primary human hepatocytes (PHH) are not readily available, de-differentiate, and die rapidly in culture. Hepatocytes are available from other sources, such as tumour-derived human hepatocyte cell lines and immortalised human hepatocyte cell lines or porcine hepatocytes. However, all these cells suffer from various limitations such as reduced or differences in functions or risk of zoonotic infections. Due to their significant potential, one possible inexhaustible source of hepatocytes is through the directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). This review will discuss the potential applications and existing limitations of hiPSC-derived hepatocytes in regenerative medicine, drug screening, in vitro disease modelling and bioartificial livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Hannoun
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Clara Steichen
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Noushin Dianat
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Anne Weber
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France.
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Lü D, Gao Y, Luo C, Lü S, Wang Q, Xu X, Sun S, Wang C, Long M. Selectivity of biopolymer membranes using HepG2 cells. Regen Biomater 2016; 2:21-9. [PMID: 26816630 PMCID: PMC4669028 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbu018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioartificial liver (BAL) system has emerged as an alternative treatment to bridge acute liver failure to either liver transplantation or liver regeneration. One of the main reasons that the efficacy of the current BAL systems was not convincing in clinical trials is attributed to the lack of friendly interface between the membrane and the hepatocytes in liver bioreactor, the core unit of BAL system. Here, we systematically compared the biological responses of hepatosarcoma HepG2 cells seeded on eight, commercially available biocompatible membranes made of acetyl cellulose–nitrocellulose mixed cellulose (CA–NC), acetyl cellulose (CA), nylon (JN), polypropylene (PP), nitrocellulose (NC), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polycarbonate (PC) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Physicochemical analysis and mechanical tests indicated that CA, JN and PP membranes yield high adhesivity and reasonable compressive and/or tensile features with friendly surface topography for cell seeding. Cells prefer to adhere on CA, JN, PP or PTFE membranes with high proliferation rate in spheriod-like shape. Actin, albumin and cytokeratin 18 expressions are favorable for cells on CA or PP membrane, whereas protein filtration is consistent among all the eight membranes. These results further the understandings of cell growth, morphology and spreading, as well as protein filtration on distinct membranes in designing a liver bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyuan Lü
- Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuxin Gao
- Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chunhua Luo
- Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shouqian Lü
- Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xianghong Xu
- Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shujin Sun
- Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chengzhi Wang
- Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Mian Long
- Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- *Correspondence address. Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering and Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. Tel: +86-10-82544131; Fax: +86-10-82544131; E-mail:
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Yamada M, Hori A, Sugaya S, Yajima Y, Utoh R, Yamato M, Seki M. Cell-sized condensed collagen microparticles for preparing microengineered composite spheroids of primary hepatocytes. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:3941-51. [PMID: 26308935 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00785b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The reconstitution of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in three-dimensional (3D) cell culture environments with microscale precision is a challenging issue. ECM microparticles would potentially be useful as solid particulate scaffolds that can be incorporated into 3D cellular constructs, but technologies for transforming ECM proteins into cell-sized stable particles are currently lacking. Here, we describe new processes to produce highly condensed collagen microparticles by means of droplet microfluidics or membrane emulsification. Droplets of an aqueous solution of type I collagen were formed in a continuous phase of polar organic solvent followed by rapid dissolution of water molecules into the continuous phase because the droplets were in a non-equilibrium state. We obtained highly unique, disc-shaped condensed collagen microparticles with a final collagen concentration above 10% and examined factors affecting particle size and morphology. After testing the cell-adhesion properties on the collagen microparticles, composite multicellular spheroids comprising the particles and primary rat hepatocytes were formed using microfabricated hydrogel chambers. We found that the ratio of the cells and particles is critical in terms of improvement of hepatic functions in the composite spheroids. The presented methodology for incorporating particulate-form ECM components in multicellular spheroids would be advantageous because of the biochemical similarity with the microenvironments in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
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You J, Raghunathan VK, Son KJ, Patel D, Haque A, Murphy CJ, Revzin A. Impact of Nanotopography, Heparin Hydrogel Microstructures, and Encapsulated Fibroblasts on Phenotype of Primary Hepatocytes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:12299-12308. [PMID: 25247391 PMCID: PMC4372509 DOI: 10.1021/am504614e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocytes, the main epithelial cell type in the liver, perform most of the biochemical functions of the liver. Thus, maintenance of a primary hepatocyte phenotype is crucial for investigations of in vitro drug metabolism, toxicity, and development of bioartificial liver constructs. Here, we report the impact of topographic cues alone and in combination with soluble signals provided by encapsulated feeder cells on maintenance of the primary hepatocyte phenotype. Topographic features were 300 nm deep with pitches of either 400, 1400, or 4000 nm. Hepatocyte cell attachment, morphology and function were markedly better on 400 nm pitch patterns compared with larger scale topographies or planar substrates. Interestingly, topographic features having biomimetic size scale dramatically increased cell adhesion whether or not substrates had been precoated with collagen I. Albumin production in primary hepatocytes cultured on 400 nm pitch substrates without collagen I was maintained over 10 days and was considerably higher compared to albumin synthesis on collagen-coated flat substrates. In order to investigate the potential interaction of soluble cytoactive factors supplied by feeder cells with topographic cues in determining cell phenotype, bioactive heparin-containing hydrogel microstructures were molded (100 μm spacing, 100 μm width) over the surface of the topographically patterned substrates. These hydrogel microstructures either carried encapsulated fibroblasts or were free of cells. Hepatocytes cultured on nanopatterned substrates next to fibroblast carrying hydrogel microstructures were significantly more functional than hepatocytes cultured on nanopatterned surfaces without hydrogels or stromal cells significantly elevated albumin expression and cell junction formation compared to cells provided with topographic cues only. The simultaneous presentation of topographic biomechanical cues along with soluble signaling molecules provided by encapsulated fibroblasts cells resulted in optimal functionality of cultured hepatocytes. The provision of both topographic and soluble signaling cues could enhance our ability to create liver surrogates and inform the development of engineered liver constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmok You
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Vijay Krishna Raghunathan
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Kyung Jin Son
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Dipali Patel
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Amranul Haque
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Christopher J Murphy
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Onoe H, Takeuchi S. Cell-laden microfibers for bottom-up tissue engineering. Drug Discov Today 2015; 20:236-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Gómez-Lechón MJ, Tolosa L, Conde I, Donato MT. Competency of different cell models to predict human hepatotoxic drugs. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2014; 10:1553-68. [PMID: 25297626 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2014.967680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The liver is the most important target for drug-induced toxicity. This vulnerability results from functional liver features and its role in the metabolic elimination of most drugs. Drug-induced liver injury is a significant leading cause of acute, chronic liver disease and an important safety issue when developing new drugs. AREAS COVERED This review describes the advantages and limitations of hepatic cell-based models for early safety risk assessment during drug development. These models include hepatocytes cultured as monolayer, collagen-sandwich; emerging complex 3D configuration; liver-derived cell lines; stem cell-derived hepatocytes. EXPERT OPINION In vitro toxicity assays performed in hepatocytes or hepatoma cell lines can potentially provide rapid and cost-effective early feedback to identify toxic candidates for compound prioritization. However, their capacity to predict hepatotoxicity depends critically on cells' functional performance. In an attempt to improve and prolong functional properties of cultured cells, different strategies to recreate the in vivo hepatocyte environment have been explored. 3D cultures, co-cultures of hepatocytes with other cell types and microfluidic devices seem highly promising for toxicological studies. Moreover, hepatocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cells are emerging cell-based systems that may provide a stable source of hepatocytes to reliably screen metabolism and toxicity of candidate compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M José Gómez-Lechón
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS LA Fe) , Torre A Avda. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia , Spain +34 961246619 ;
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Tanaka N, Ota H, Fukumori K, Miyake J, Yamato M, Okano T. Micro-patterned cell-sheets fabricated with stamping-force-controlled micro-contact printing. Biomaterials 2014; 35:9802-9810. [PMID: 25239040 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cell-sheet-engineering based regenerative medicine is successfully applied to clinical studies, though cell sheets contain uniformly distributed cells. For the further application to complex tissues/organs, cell sheets with a multi-cellular pattern were highly demanded. Micro-contact printing is a quite useful technique for patterning proteins contained in extracellular matrix (ECM). Because ECM is a kind of cellular adherent molecules, ECM-patterned cell culture surface is capable of aligning cells on the pattern of ECM. However, a manual printing is difficult, because a stamp made from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is easily deformed, and a printed pattern is also crushed. This study focused on the deformability of PDMS stamp and discussed an appropriate stamping force in micro-contact printing. Considering in availability in a medical or biological laboratory, a method for assessing the stamp deformability was developed by using stiffness measurement with a general microscope. An automated stamping system composed of a load cell and an automated actuator was prepared and allowed to improve the quality of stamped pattern by controlling an appropriate stamping force of 0.1 N. Using the system and the control of appropriate stamping force, the pattern of 8-mm-diameter 80-μm-stripe fibronectin was fabricated on the surface of temperature-responsive cell culture dish. After cell-seeding and cell culture, a co-culture system with the micro-pattern of both fibroblasts and endothelial cells was completed. Furthermore, by reducing temperature to 20 °C, the co-cultured cell sheet with the micro-pattern was successfully harvested. As a result, the method would not only provide a high-quality ECM pattern but also a breakthrough technique to fabricate multi-cellular-patterned cell sheets for the next generation of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Tanaka
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan; Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ota
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Fukumori
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Jun Miyake
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamato
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Teruo Okano
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
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Kitagawa Y, Naganuma Y, Yajima Y, Yamada M, Seki M. Patterned hydrogel microfibers prepared using multilayered microfluidic devices for guiding network formation of neural cells. Biofabrication 2014; 6:035011. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5082/6/3/035011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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