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El Awady ME, Mohamed SS, Abo Elsoud MM, Mahmoud MG, Anwar MM, Ahmed MM, Eltaher A, Magdeldin S, Attallah A, Elhagry AE, Abdelhamid SA. Insight into antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of marine bacterial natural exopolysaccharide (EPSSM) using carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5113. [PMID: 38429312 PMCID: PMC10907693 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53502-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a part of the body's intricate biological reaction to noxious stimuli and defensive reactions. So, the aim of this investigation was to study the anti-inflammatory activity of exopolysaccharide (EPSSM) using carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. A halophilic bacterial strain was isolated from marine sediments in the Red Sea in Egypt. The isolate has been visually and physiologically recognized, as well as by analyzing its 16S rRNA gene, which confirms Kocuria sp. clone Asker4. This particular isolate can be referenced using the accession number OL798051.1. EPSSM was subjected to purification and fractionation by a DEAE-cellulose column. Preliminary chemical analysis of EPSSM indicated that the monosaccharides were fructose, glucuronic acid, and xylose, with 2.0, 0.5, and 1.0, respectively. The antioxidant potential of EPSSM was investigated, and it was discovered that the level of activity increased independently of the concentrations, reaching a maximum threshold of 94.13% at 100 µg/mL of EPSSM for 120 min. Also, EPSSM at 50 mg/kg orally produced a significant anti-inflammatory effect on the carrageenan model at 2, 3, and 4 intervals. The EPSSM intervention resulted in reductions in the levels of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes, as well as a decrease in glutathione. Furthermore, the levels of nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species resulting from carrageenan-induced edema showed a significant reduction subsequent to the administration of EPSSM. Moreover, the findings indicated that the protein expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-6 were reduced following treatment with EPSSM, resulting in a reduction of paw edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E El Awady
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St. 33 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar S Mohamed
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St. 33 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mostafa M Abo Elsoud
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St. 33 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal G Mahmoud
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St. 33 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai M Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR)/Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahgoub M Ahmed
- Molecular Drug Evaluation Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Cairo, 12553, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Eltaher
- Senior research associate at 57357 hospital Master of life science informatics at Bonn university, Bachelor of pharmaceutical sciences, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameh Magdeldin
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, 11441, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Attallah
- Microbial Genetics Department, National Research Center, El-Buhouth St. 33 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali E Elhagry
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sayeda A Abdelhamid
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St. 33 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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Peng B, Liu Y, Lin Y, Kraithong S, Mo L, Gao Z, Huang R, Zhang X. A New Exopolysaccharide of Marine Coral-Associated Aspergillus pseudoglaucus SCAU265: Structural Characterization and Immunomodulatory Activity. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1057. [PMID: 37998863 PMCID: PMC10672155 DOI: 10.3390/jof9111057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have found that many marine microbial polysaccharides exhibit distinct immune activity. However, there is a relative scarcity of research on the immunomodulatory activity of marine fungal exopolysaccharides. A novel water-soluble fungal exopolysaccharide ASP-1 was isolated from the fermentation broths of marine coral-associated fungus Aspergillus pseudoglaucus SCAU265, and purified by Diethylaminoethyl-Sepharose-52 (DEAE-52) Fast Flow and Sephadex G-75. Structural analysis revealed that ASP-1 had an average molecular weight of 36.07 kDa and was mainly composed of (1→4)-linked α-D-glucopyranosyl residues, along with highly branched heteropolysaccharide regions containing 1,4,6-glucopyranosyl, 1,3,4-glucopyranosyl, 1,4,6-galactopyranosyl, T(terminal)-glucopyranosyl, T-mannopyranosyl, and T-galactopyranosyl residues. ASP-1 demonstrated significant effects on the proliferation, nitric oxide levels, and the secretion of cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Metabolomic analysis provided insights into the potential mechanisms of the immune regulation of ASP-1, suggesting its involvement in regulating immune function by modulating amino acid anabolism, particularly arginine synthesis and metabolism. These findings provide fundamental scientific data for further research on its accurate molecular mechanism of immunomodulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China;
| | - Yongchun Liu
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (L.M.); (Z.G.)
| | - Yuqi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (S.K.)
| | - Supaluck Kraithong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (S.K.)
| | - Li Mo
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (L.M.); (Z.G.)
| | - Ziqing Gao
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (L.M.); (Z.G.)
| | - Riming Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (S.K.)
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (L.M.); (Z.G.)
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Wang L, Li K, Cui Y, Peng H, Hu Y, Zhu Z. Preparation, structural characterization and neuroprotective effects to against H 2O 2-induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells of polysaccharides from Pleurotus ostreatus. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112146. [PMID: 36596100 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pleurotus ostreatus is one of the most common edible and medicinal fungi in life, and its polysaccharide has been a hot research topic in recent years. In this paper, a new intracellular polysaccharide component named P. ostreatus polysaccharide (POP-W) was obtained from the mycelium of P. ostreatus, and its structure was analyzed. The results showed that its molecular weight was Mw = 3.034 × 103 kDa, and it did not contain protein and nucleic acid. POP-W was composed of mannose, glucose, galactose and xylose in a molar ratio of 40.34:47.60:7.97:4.09. The backbone of POP-W was α-D-Glcp(1→,→3,4)-α-D-Glcp(1→, →3,4)-α-D-Manp(1→,→3)-α -D-Galp(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp(1→, →3)-α-D-Glcp(1→, →2)-β-D-Manp(1→, →4) -β-D-Xylp(1 →. SEM and TGA analysis showed the structure of POP-W and good thermal stability. In addition, POP-W showed significant antioxidant activity in vitro. More importantly, POP-W protected PC12 cells induced by H2O2 by inhibiting the contents of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH). Western blot detection of Caspase-3, BAX, Bcl-2, PI3K/Akt protein expression. The results showed that POP-W inhibited the expression of caspase-3 and BAX, while promoting the expression of Bcl-2. In addition, POP-W can also promote the phosphorylation of Akt. In conclusion, POP-W pretreatment can protect PC12 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative damage through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and regulation of apoptosis-related pathway proteins. It provided a theoretical basis for the practical application of the polysaccharide of P. ostreatus in production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Yidan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Haihai Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Ying Hu
- College of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563006, PR China
| | - Zhenyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
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Derdak R, Sakoui S, Pop OL, Vodnar DC, Addoum B, Teleky BE, Elemer S, Elmakssoudi A, Suharoschi R, Soukri A, El Khalfi B. Optimisation and characterization of α-D-glucan produced by Bacillus velezensis RSDM1 and evaluation of its protective effect on oxidative stress in Tetrahymena thermophila induced by H2O2. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:3229-3242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Drira M, Hentati F, Babich O, Sukhikh S, Larina V, Sharifian S, Homai A, Fendri I, Lemos MFL, Félix C, Félix R, Abdelkafi S, Michaud P. Bioactive Carbohydrate Polymers-Between Myth and Reality. Molecules 2021; 26:7068. [PMID: 34885655 PMCID: PMC8659292 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are complex macromolecules long regarded as energetic storage resources or as components of plant and fungal cell walls. They have also been described as plant mucilages or microbial exopolysaccharides. The development of glycosciences has led to a partial and difficult deciphering of their other biological functions in living organisms. The objectives of glycobiochemistry and glycobiology are currently to correlate some structural features of polysaccharides with some biological responses in the producing organisms or in another one. In this context, the literature focusing on bioactive polysaccharides has increased exponentially during the last two decades, being sometimes very optimistic for some new applications of bioactive polysaccharides, notably in the medical field. Therefore, this review aims to examine bioactive polysaccharide, taking a critical look of the different biological activities reported by authors and the reality of the market. It focuses also on the chemical, biochemical, enzymatic, and physical modifications of these biopolymers to optimize their potential as bioactive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroua Drira
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies des Plantes Appliquées à l’Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (M.D.); (I.F.)
| | - Faiez Hentati
- INRAE, URAFPA, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France;
| | - Olga Babich
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (O.B.); (S.S.); (V.L.)
| | - Stanislas Sukhikh
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (O.B.); (S.S.); (V.L.)
| | - Viktoria Larina
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia; (O.B.); (S.S.); (V.L.)
| | - Sana Sharifian
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas 74576, Iran; (S.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Ahmad Homai
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas 74576, Iran; (S.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Imen Fendri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies des Plantes Appliquées à l’Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (M.D.); (I.F.)
| | - Marco F. L. Lemos
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (M.F.L.L.); (C.F.); (R.F.)
| | - Carina Félix
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (M.F.L.L.); (C.F.); (R.F.)
| | - Rafael Félix
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (M.F.L.L.); (C.F.); (R.F.)
| | - Slim Abdelkafi
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia;
| | - Philippe Michaud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Sirin S, Aslim B. Protective effect of exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria against amyloid beta1-42induced oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells: Involvement of the AKT, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathway. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yu H, Jing Y, Zhang X, Qayum A, Gantumur MA, Bilawal A, Jiang Z, Li A. Comparison of intracellular glutathione and related antioxidant enzymes: Impact of two glycosylated whey hydrolysates. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Campos PE, Herbette G, Chendo C, Clerc P, Tintillier F, de Voogd NJ, Papanagnou ED, Trougakos IP, Jerabek M, Bignon J, Le Goff G, Ouazzani J, Gauvin-Bialecki A. Osirisynes G-I, New Long-Chain Highly Oxygenated Polyacetylenes from the Mayotte Marine Sponge Haliclona sp. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18070350. [PMID: 32635268 PMCID: PMC7401255 DOI: 10.3390/md18070350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical study of the CH2Cl2−MeOH (1:1) extract from the sponge Haliclona sp. collected in Mayotte highlighted three new long-chain highly oxygenated polyacetylenes, osirisynes G-I (1–3) together with the known osirisynes A (4), B (5), and E (6). Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectra and HRESIMS and MS/MS data. All compounds were evaluated on catalase and sirtuin 1 activation and on CDK7, proteasome, Fyn kinase, tyrosinase, and elastase inhibition. Five compounds (1; 3–6) inhibited proteasome kinase and two compounds (5–6) inhibited CDK7 and Fyn kinase. Osirisyne B (5) was the most active compound with IC50 on FYNB kinase, CDK7 kinase, and proteasome inhibition of 18.44 µM, 9.13 µM, and 0.26 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Eric Campos
- Laboratoire de chimie et de biotechnologie des produits naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, La Réunion, France; (P.-E.C.); (P.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Gaëtan Herbette
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Spectropole, Campus de St Jérôme-Service 511, 13397 Marseille, France; (G.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Christophe Chendo
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Spectropole, Campus de St Jérôme-Service 511, 13397 Marseille, France; (G.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Patricia Clerc
- Laboratoire de chimie et de biotechnologie des produits naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, La Réunion, France; (P.-E.C.); (P.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Florent Tintillier
- Laboratoire de chimie et de biotechnologie des produits naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, La Réunion, France; (P.-E.C.); (P.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Nicole J. de Voogd
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eleni-Dimitra Papanagnou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece; (E.-D.P.); (I.P.T.)
| | - Ioannis P. Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece; (E.-D.P.); (I.P.T.)
| | - Moran Jerabek
- Crelux GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19a, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany;
| | - Jérôme Bignon
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1, av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (J.B.); (G.L.G.); (J.O.)
| | - Géraldine Le Goff
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1, av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (J.B.); (G.L.G.); (J.O.)
| | - Jamal Ouazzani
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1, av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (J.B.); (G.L.G.); (J.O.)
| | - Anne Gauvin-Bialecki
- Laboratoire de chimie et de biotechnologie des produits naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, La Réunion, France; (P.-E.C.); (P.C.); (F.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +262-2629-38197
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Sirin S, Aslim B. Characterization of lactic acid bacteria derived exopolysaccharides for use as a defined neuroprotective agent against amyloid beta 1-42-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8124. [PMID: 32415207 PMCID: PMC7229009 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65147-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a disease characterized by cerebral neuronal degeneration and loss in a progressive manner. Amyloid beta (Aβ) in the brain is toxic to neurons, being a main risk factor for initiation and continuation of cognitive deterioration in AD. Neurotoxicity of Aβ origin is also linked to oxidative stress characterized by excessive lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, changes in antioxidant systems, and cerebral DNA damage in AD. Furthermore, Aβ can induce oxidative neuronal cell death by a mitochondrial dysfunction. Cellular injury caused by oxidative stress can be possibly prevented by boosting or promoting bodily oxidative defense system by supplying antioxidants in diet or as medications. However, most synthetic antioxidants are found to have cytotoxicity, which prevents their safe use, and limits their administration. For this reason, more attention has been paid to the natural non-toxic antioxidants. One of the most promising groups of non-toxic antioxidative compounds is thought to be polysaccharides. This study investigated the characterization and protective action exerted by exopolysaccharides (EPSs) originated from Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus B3 and Lactobacillus plantarum GD2 to protect from apoptotic activity exerted by Aβ1-42 among SH-SY5Y cells. We characterized EPSs by elemental analysis, FTIR, AFM, SEM, and XRD. The antioxidant effects of EPSs were determined by the DPPH free radical scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, metal ion chelating activity, lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity, and superoxide anion scavenging activity method. The protective effects of EPSs were determined by flow cytometry and RT-PCR. Mannose ratio, molecular weight, functional groups, surface morphology, and amorphous character structure of EPSs are thought to play a role in the protective effect of EPSs. EPSs reduced apoptotic activity of Aβ1-42 in addition to their depolarizing effect on mitochondrial membrane potential in concentration-dependent manner. These observations contribute the inclusion of EPSs among the therapeutic options used to manage various neurological disorders in the traditional medicine in a scientific manner, indicating that EPSs may be promising natural chemical constituents that need advanced research and development for pharmacological therapy of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Sirin
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Belma Aslim
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Sun ML, Zhao F, Chen XL, Zhang XY, Zhang YZ, Song XY, Sun CY, Yang J. Promotion of Wound Healing and Prevention of Frostbite Injury in Rat Skin by Exopolysaccharide from the Arctic Marine Bacterium Polaribacter sp. SM1127. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18010048. [PMID: 31940773 PMCID: PMC7024241 DOI: 10.3390/md18010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many marine microorganisms synthesize exopolysaccharides (EPSs), and some of these EPSs have been reported to have potential in different fields. However, the pharmaceutical potentials of marine EPSs are rarely reported. The EPS secreted by the Artic marine bacterium Polaribacter sp. SM1127 has good antioxidant activity, outstanding moisture-retention ability, and considerable protective property on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) at low temperature. Here, the effects of SM1127 EPS on skin wound healing and frostbite injury prevention were studied. Scratch wound assay showed that SM1127 EPS could stimulate the migration of HDFs. In the full-thickness cutaneous wound experiment of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, SM1127 EPS increased the wound healing rate and stimulated tissue repair detected by macroscopic observation and histologic examination, showing the ability of SM1127 EPS to promote skin wound healing. In the skin frostbite experiment of SD rats, pretreatment of rat skin with SM1127 EPS increased the rate of frostbite wound healing and promoted the repair of the injured skin significantly, indicating the good effect of SM1127 EPS on frostbite injury prevention. These results suggest the promising potential of SM1127 EPS in the pharmaceutical area to promote skin wound healing and prevent frostbite injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (M.-L.S.); (F.Z.); (X.-L.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Y.-Z.Z.); (X.-Y.S.); (C.-Y.S.)
| | - Fang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (M.-L.S.); (F.Z.); (X.-L.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Y.-Z.Z.); (X.-Y.S.); (C.-Y.S.)
| | - Xiu-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (M.-L.S.); (F.Z.); (X.-L.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Y.-Z.Z.); (X.-Y.S.); (C.-Y.S.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xi-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (M.-L.S.); (F.Z.); (X.-L.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Y.-Z.Z.); (X.-Y.S.); (C.-Y.S.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (M.-L.S.); (F.Z.); (X.-L.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Y.-Z.Z.); (X.-Y.S.); (C.-Y.S.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (M.-L.S.); (F.Z.); (X.-L.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Y.-Z.Z.); (X.-Y.S.); (C.-Y.S.)
| | - Cai-Yun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (M.-L.S.); (F.Z.); (X.-L.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Y.-Z.Z.); (X.-Y.S.); (C.-Y.S.)
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (M.-L.S.); (F.Z.); (X.-L.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Y.-Z.Z.); (X.-Y.S.); (C.-Y.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Bacterial Exopolysaccharides as Reducing and/or Stabilizing Agents during Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles with Biomedical Applications. INT J POLYM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/7045852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are biomolecules secreted in the extracellular space and have diverse biological functionalities, such as environmental protection, surface adherence, and cellular interactions. EPSs have been found to be biocompatible and eco-friendly, therefore making them suitable for applications in many areas of study and various industrial products. Recently, synthesis and stabilization of metal nanoparticles have been of interest because their usefulness for many biomedical applications, such as antimicrobials, anticancer drugs, antioxidants, drug delivery systems, chemical sensors, contrast agents, and as catalysts. In this context, bacterial EPSs have been explored as agents to aid in a greener production of a myriad of metal nanoparticles, since they have the ability to reduce metal ions to form nanoparticles and stabilize them acting as capping agents. In addition, by incorporating EPS to the metal nanoparticles, the EPS confers them biocompatibility. Thus, the present review describes the main bacterial EPS utilized in the synthesis and stabilization of metal nanoparticles, the mechanisms involved in this process, and the different applications of these nanoparticles, emphasizing in their biomedical applications.
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Shi L. Bioactivities, isolation and purification methods of polysaccharides from natural products: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 92:37-48. [PMID: 27377457 PMCID: PMC7124366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.06.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides play multiple roles and have extensive bioactivities in life process and an immense potential in healthcare, food and cosmetic industries, due to their therapeutic effects and relatively low toxicity. This review describes their major functions involved in antitumor, anti-virus, and anti-inflammatory bioactivities. Due to their enormous structural heterogeneity, the approaches for isolation and purification of polysaccharides are distinct from that of the other macromolecules such as proteins, etc. Yet, to achieve the homogeneity is the initial step for studies of polysaccharide structure, pharmacology, and its structure-activity relationships. According to the experiences accumulated by our lab and the published literatures, this review also introduces the methods widely used in isolation and purification of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Centre of Innovation, School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Avenue 1, 529757, Singapore.
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Zheng LP, Zou T, Ma YJ, Wang JW, Zhang YQ. Antioxidant and DNA Damage Protecting Activity of Exopolysaccharides from the Endophytic Bacterium Bacillus cereus SZ1. Molecules 2016; 21:E174. [PMID: 26861269 PMCID: PMC6273749 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An endophytic bacterium was isolated from the Chinese medicinal plant Artemisia annua L. The phylogenetic and physiological characterization indicated that the isolate, strain SZ-1, was Bacillus cereus. The endophyte could produce an exopolysaccharide (EPS) at 46 mg/L. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydracyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of the EPS reached more than 50% at 3-5 mg/mL. The EPS was also effective in scavenging superoxide radical in a concentration dependent fashion with an EC50 value of 2.6 mg/mL. The corresponding EC50 for scavenging hydroxyl radical was 3.1 mg/mL. Moreover, phenanthroline-copper complex-mediated chemiluminescent emission of DNA damage was both inhibited and delayed by EPS. The EPS at 0.7-1.7 mg/mL also protected supercoiled DNA strands in plasmid pBR322 against scission induced by Fenton-mediated hydroxyl radical. The preincubation of PC12 cells with the EPS prior to H₂O₂ exposure increased the cell survival and glutathione (GSH) level and catalase (CAT) activities, and decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting a pronounced protective effect against H₂O₂-induced cytotoxicity. Our study indicated that the EPS could be useful for preventing oxidative DNA damage and cellular oxidation in pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ping Zheng
- Department of Horticulture, School of Architecture, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Tin Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yan Jun Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jian Wen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yu Qing Zhang
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Kim H, Lee J. Strategies to Maximize the Potential of Marine Biomaterials as a Platform for Cell Therapy. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E29. [PMID: 26821034 PMCID: PMC4771982 DOI: 10.3390/md14020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine biopolymers have been explored as a promising cell therapy system for efficient cell delivery and tissue engineering. However, the marine biomaterial-based systems themselves have exhibited limited performance in terms of maintenance of cell viability and functions, promotion of cell proliferation and differentiation as well as cell delivery efficiency. Thus, numerous novel strategies have been devised to improve cell therapy outcomes. The strategies include optimization of physical and biochemical properties, provision of stimuli-responsive functions, and design of platforms for efficient cell delivery and tissue engineering. These approaches have demonstrated substantial improvement of therapeutic outcomes in a variety of research settings. In this review, therefore, research progress made with marine biomaterials as a platform for cell therapy is reported along with current research directions to further advance cell therapies as a tool to cure incurable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongmin Kim
- Pharmaceutical Formulation Design Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
- Bio-Integration Research Center for Nutra-Pharmaceutical Epigenetics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
| | - Jaehwi Lee
- Pharmaceutical Formulation Design Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
- Bio-Integration Research Center for Nutra-Pharmaceutical Epigenetics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
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Ghatnur SM, Parvatam G, Balaraman M. Culture Conditions for Production of Biomass, Adenosine, and Cordycepin from Cordyceps sinensis CS1197: Optimization by Desirability Function Method. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:S448-56. [PMID: 26929580 PMCID: PMC4745216 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.168946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cordyceps sinensis (CS) is a traditional Chinese medicine contains potent active metabolites such as nucleosides and polysaccharides. The submerged cultivation technique is studied for the large scale production of CS for biomass and metabolites production. OBJECTIVE To optimize culture conditions for large-scale production of CS1197 biomass and metabolites production. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CS1197 strain of CS was isolated from dead larvae of natural CS and the authenticity was assured by the presence of two major markers adenosine and cordycepin by high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. A three-level Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize process parameters culturing temperature, pH, and inoculum volume for the biomass yield, adenosine and cordycepin. The experimental results were regressed to a second-order polynomial equation by a multiple regression analysis for the prediction of biomass yield, adenosine and cordycepin production. Multiple responses were optimized based on desirability function method. RESULTS The desirability function suggested the process conditions temperature 28°C, pH 7 and inoculum volume 10% for optimal production of nutraceuticals in the biomass. The water extracts from dried CS1197 mycelia showed good inhibition for 2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethyl-benzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid-free radicals. CONCLUSION The result suggests that response surface methodology-desirability function coupled approach can successfully optimize the culture conditions for CS1197. SUMMARY Authentication of CS1197 strain by the presence of adenosine and cordycepin and culturing period was determined to be for 14 daysContent of nucleosides in natural CS was found higher than in cultured CS1197 myceliumBox-Behnken design to optimize critical cultural conditions: temperature, pH and inoculum volumeWater extract showed better antioxidant activity proving credible source of natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashidhar M. Ghatnur
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-CFTRI, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Food Engineering, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Giridhar Parvatam
- Department of Plant Cell Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Manohar Balaraman
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-CFTRI, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Food Engineering, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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17
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Li JY, Jin MM, Meng J, Gao SM, Lu RR. Exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus planterum LP6: antioxidation and the effect on oxidative stress. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 98:1147-52. [PMID: 23987456 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
An exopolysaccharide (EPS-3) was isolated from the culture of Lactobacillus planterum LP6 and purified by ion exchange and gel chromatography. The concentrations required to scavenge 50% of the initial radical for DPPH·, OH· and O2(·-) radicals were 1.38, 3.43 and 0.11 mg/mL, respectively. The reducing power (A700 nm) was 0.632 at 5mg/mL. The cell viability of PC12 was improved by 21.67% at 200 μg/mL of EPS-3. Compared with the H2O2 group, the total-antioxidant capacity, activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were enhanced by 65.81%, 41.34% and 59.05%, respectively. Meanwhile, the level of malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase were decreased by 52.80% and 30.24%. The result indicated that EPS-3 had a notable protective effect against oxidative damage on PC12 cells. The study might lay a theoretical foundation for the comprehensive utilization of lactic acid bacteria source which could result in its application in food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Oxidative stress resulting from excessive reactive oxygen/nitrogen/electrophilic species (ROS/RNS/RES) can lead to diseases such as cancer. The health benefits of dietary fruits and vegetables with antioxidant potential have received a great deal of attention. On the other hand, marine botanicals have been less well characterized and still remain as terra incognita. RECENT ADVANCES In some parts of the world, appreciable quantities of seaweeds are consumed on a daily basis. Along with current globalization, cuisines using seaweeds are now being used throughout the world, sometimes considered as healthy delicacies. Thus, it is relevant to explore the medicinal and pharmacological properties of seaweeds, as well as the health ramifications of this dietary practice. CRITICAL ISSUES We currently review the antioxidant potential of seaweed components such as sulfated polysaccharides, phenolic compounds (phlorotannins and bromophenols), and fucoxanthins. In addition to seaweeds, the chemistry and antioxidant activities of some marine fungi and bacteria are described. Since antioxidants are considered promising cancer chemopreventive agents, the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical aspects of antioxidant marine products are presented, and potential implications are discussed. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Although some data suggest that health benefits are derived from the consumption of marine natural products, further epidemiological or clinical studies are needed to strengthen these observations. In addition, many studies have demonstrated the antioxidant effects of seaweeds with in vitro models, but further characterization of bioavailability is necessary to suggest the significance of these responses. It is also important to define the safety of some seaweeds containing inorganic arsenics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Park
- College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
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19
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Cao W, Dai M, Wang X, Yuan F, Chen F, Zhang W. Protective effect of sesaminol fromSesamum indicumLinn. against oxidative damage in PC12 cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2012; 31:560-5. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.2935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 10/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Cao
- Shanghai Grain Science Research Institute; Shanghai; China
| | - Mingjun Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School; Nanjing University; Nanjing; China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School; Nanjing University; Nanjing; China
| | - Fengjiao Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School; Nanjing University; Nanjing; China
| | - Fengxiang Chen
- Shanghai Grain Science Research Institute; Shanghai; China
| | - Weiyun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School; Nanjing University; Nanjing; China
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Zhang QX, Ling YF, Sun Z, Zhang L, Yu HX, Kamau SM, Lu RR. Protective effect of whey protein hydrolysates against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress on PC12 cells. Biotechnol Lett 2012; 34:2001-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-012-1017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Zhong RZ, Xiao WJ, Zhou DW, Tan CY, Tan ZL, Han XF, Zhou CS, Tang SX. Effect of tea catechins on regulation of cell proliferation and antioxidant enzyme expression in H2 O2 -induced primary hepatocytes of goat in vitro. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2012; 97:475-84. [PMID: 22416977 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2012.01288.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tea catechins (TC) are polyphenols that have potent antioxidant activity. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of TC on antioxidant status of hepatocytes challenged with H2 O2 . Primary hepatocytes of goat were exposed to 1 mm H2 O2 without or with 5, 50 and 500 μg/ml TC. The cells were harvested at 48 h post-treatment to determine effects of TC on proliferation, apoptotic features and membrane integrity of cells, and expression of genes and activities of antioxidant enzymes. H2 O2 exposure caused damage to cells (p < 0.001). A lower concentration of TC (5 μg/ml) displayed a protective effect by inhibiting exorbitant cell proliferation and DNA degradation. Both H2 O2 exposure and TC pre-incubation affected expression of antioxidant enzymes at mRNA and protein levels (p < 0.001). The activities of catalase (CAT) (p = 0.027), CuZn-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) (p < 0.001) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (p < 0.001) increased with TC pre-incubation followed by H2 O2 challenge. Changes of CuZn-SOD activity induced by H2 O2 and TC basically paralleled the changes in the corresponding mRNA and protein levels, but the correlation in CAT and GPx expression displayed slightly different patterns at different concentrations of TC. These findings infer that oxidative stress can induce deleterious cellular responses and this unfavourable condition may be alleviated by treatment with TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Z Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
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XIAO HONGBO, LU XIANGYANG, SUN ZHILIANG, HU YAPING, BAI XIA, ZHANG MINGJUN, CHEN XIAOJUN. PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FIBER FROM UNDARIA PINNATIFIDA ON VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM IN MICE. J Food Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2010.00516.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Hempseed protein derived antioxidative peptides: Purification, identification and protection from hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Shen W, Song D, Wu J, Zhang W. Protective effect of a polysaccharide isolated from a cultivated Cordyceps mycelia on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells. Phytother Res 2010; 25:675-80. [PMID: 21043033 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cordyceps sinensis as a well-known traditional Chinese tonic has many therapeutic functions. In the present study, an acid polysaccharide (APS) was isolated from cultivated Cordyceps mycelia by ion-exchange and sizing chromatography. The protective capacity of APS against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative damage in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells was investigated by measuring cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, antioxidant enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca(2+). The results demonstrated that pretreatment of PC12 cells with APS, prior to H(2)O(2) exposure, significantly increased the survival of cells and the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced the levels of LDH and MDA. Intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca(2+) were also inhibited by APS treatment. In conclusion, APS was found to increase the cellular antioxidant defence capacity, thereby protecting PC12 cells against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Marine polysaccharides in pharmaceutical applications: an overview. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:2435-65. [PMID: 20948899 PMCID: PMC2953395 DOI: 10.3390/md8092435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The enormous variety of polysaccharides that can be extracted from marine plants and animal organisms or produced by marine bacteria means that the field of marine polysaccharides is constantly evolving. Recent advances in biological techniques allow high levels of polysaccharides of interest to be produced in vitro. Biotechnology is a powerful tool to obtain polysaccharides from a variety of micro-organisms, by controlling the growth conditions in a bioreactor while tailoring the production of biologically active compounds. Following an overview of the current knowledge on marine polysaccharides, with special attention to potential pharmaceutical applications and to more recent progress on the discovering of new polysaccharides with biological appealing characteristics, this review will focus on possible strategies for chemical or physical modification aimed to tailor the final properties of interest.
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TANG YONG, YU XIAOPING, MI MANTIAN, ZHAO JING, WANG JIAN, ZHANG TING. ANTIOXIDATIVE PROPERTY AND ANTIATHEROSCLEROTIC EFFECTS OF THE POWDER PROCESSED FROM CHAENOMELES SPECIOSA IN APOE -/-MICE. J Food Biochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2009.00297.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sun HH, Mao WJ, Chen Y, Guo SD, Li HY, Qi XH, Chen YL, Xu J. Isolation, chemical characteristics and antioxidant properties of the polysaccharides from marine fungus Penicillium sp. F23-2. Carbohydr Polym 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Silva JP, Proença F, Coutinho OP. Protective role of new nitrogen compounds on ROS/RNS-mediated damage to PC12 cells. Free Radic Res 2009; 42:57-69. [DOI: 10.1080/10715760701787719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- João P. Silva
- CBMA—Molecular and Environmental Biology Centre/Biology Department, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Proença
- Chemistry Department, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Olga P. Coutinho
- CBMA—Molecular and Environmental Biology Centre/Biology Department, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
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Shi DH, Wu JH, Ge HM, Tan RX. Protective effect of hopeahainol A, a novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, on hydrogen peroxide-induced injury in PC12 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2009; 28:30-36. [PMID: 21783979 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2009.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/30/2009] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the effects of hopeahainol A, a novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) from Hopea hainanensis, on H(2)O(2)-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells and the possible mechanism. Exposure of PC12 cells to 200μM H(2)O(2) caused cell apoptosis, reduction in cell viability and antioxidant enzyme activities, increment in malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Pretreatment of the cells with hopeahainol A at 0.1-10μM before H(2)O(2) exposure significantly attenuated those changes in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, hopeahainol A could mitigate intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca(2+), the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and the increase of caspase-3, -8 and -9 activities induced by H(2)O(2). These results show that hopeahainol A protects PC12 cells from H(2)O(2) injury by modulating endogenous antioxidant enzymes, scavenging ROS and prevention of apoptosis. There was potential for hopeahainol A to be used in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) that involved acetylcholinesterase, free radical, oxidative damage and cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hua Shi
- Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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30
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Cyphomandra betacea Sendt. phenolics protect LDL from oxidation and PC12 cells from oxidative stress. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2008.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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31
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Lü L, Li J, Zhu Y, Mak YT, Yew DT. H2O2-induced changes in astrocytic cultures from control and rapidly aging strains of mouse. Int J Neurosci 2009; 118:1239-50. [PMID: 18698507 DOI: 10.1080/00207450601059429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The study compared the difference between the H2O2 treatment on astrocytic cultures from a rapidly aging strain of mouse (SAMP8) and its sister control (R1). A mild but statistically significant difference was observed in the numbers of dead cell between R1 and SAMP8 after H2O2 treatment. Cellular changes were equivalent in both strains after injury, including loss of cilia and side projections. Low total dose of H2O2 treatment (e.g., 400 microM for only 1 hour) caused increased cellular synthesis,while high total dose of H2O2 treatment (e.g., 200 microM for 4 hours) downregulated in intracellular synthesis and caused coagulation of microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanhai Lü
- Institute of Cell Biology, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Park PJ, Kim EK, Lee SJ, Park SY, Kang DS, Jung BM, Kim KS, Je JY, Ahn CB. Protective effects against H2O2-induced damage by enzymatic hydrolysates of an edible brown seaweed, sea tangle (Laminaria japonica). J Med Food 2009; 12:159-66. [PMID: 19298210 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2007.0675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysates of Laminaria japonica were evaluated for antioxidative activities using hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and protective effects against H(2)O(2)-induced DNA and cell damage. In addition, activities of antioxidative enzymes, including catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase, of the enzymatic hydrolysates from L. japonica were also estimated. L. japonica was first enzymatically hydrolyzed by seven carbohydrases (Dextrozyme, AMG, Promozyme, Maltogenase, Termamyl, Viscozyme, and Celluclast [all from Novo Co., Novozyme Nordisk, Bagsvaerd, Denmark]) and five proteinases (Flavourzyme, Neutrase, Protamex, Alcalase [all from Novo Co.], and pancreatic trypsin). The hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of Promozyme and pancreatic trypsin hydrolysates from L. japonica were the highest as compared to those of the other carbohydrases and proteinases, and their 50% inhibitory concentration values were 1.67 and 317.49 mug/mL, respectively. The pancreatic trypsin hydrolysates of L. japonica exerted a protective effect on H(2)O(2)-induced DNA damage. We also evaluated the protective effect on hydroxyl radical-induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells via propidium iodide staining using a flow cytometer. The AMG and pancreatic trypsin hydrolysates of L. japonica dose-dependently protected PC12 cells against cell death caused by hydroxyl radical-induced oxidative damage. Additionally, we analyzed the activity of antioxidative enzymes such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and the phase II biotransformation enzyme glutathione S-transferase in L. japonica-treated cells. The activity of all antioxidative enzymes was higher in L. japonica-treated cells compared with the nontreated cells. These results indicate that enzymatic hydrolysates of L. japonica possess antioxidative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pyo-Jam Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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ZHOU T. Cloning of actin Promoter and Transformation of the Marine-Sourced Filamentous Fungus Phoma herbarum YS4108. Chin J Nat Med 2008. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1009.2008.00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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34
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Das G, Gopalakrishnan A, Faisal M, Mallick B. Stimulatory role of calcium in rapid eye movement sleep deprivation–induced noradrenaline-mediated increase in Na-K-ATPase activity in rat brain. Neuroscience 2008; 155:76-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Revised: 03/07/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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ZHOU T, FENG MQ, WEI WJ, TAN RX, SONG YC. Cloning of actin Promoter and Transformation of the Marine-Sourced Filamentous Fungus Phoma herbarum YS4108. Chin J Nat Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(09)60026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Kang KA, Lee KH, Zhang R, Piao MJ, Kang MY, Kwak YS, Yoo BS, You HJ, Hyun JW. Protective effects of Castanopsis cuspidate through activation of ERK and NF-kappaB on oxidative cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2007; 70:1319-28. [PMID: 17654250 DOI: 10.1080/15287390701429315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The protective effect of Castanopsis cuspidate var. sieboldii was examined on H2O2-induced cell damage. The ethanol extract of Castanopsis cuspidate was found to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and thus prevent lipid peroxidation and cellular DNA damage induced by H2O2. As a result, Castanopsis extract reduced H2O2-induced cell death of V79-4 cells via inhibition of apoptosis. Castanopsis extract was also found to increase catalase activity and its protein expression. Further molecular mechanistic studies revealed that Castanopsis extract enhanced phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) and activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB). Taken together, the results suggest that Castanopsis extract protects V79-4 cells against oxidative damage by enhancing catalase activity and modulating the ERK and NF-kappaB signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Ah Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Applied Radiological Science Research Institute, Cheju National University, Jeju-si, Republic of Korea
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Zhang R, Kang KA, Piao MJ, Lee KH, Jang HS, Park MJ, Kim BJ, Kim JS, Kim YS, Ryu SY, Hyun JW. Rhapontigenin from Rheum undulatum protects against oxidative-stress-induced cell damage through antioxidant activity. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2007; 70:1155-66. [PMID: 17558811 DOI: 10.1080/15287390701252766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant properties of rhapontigenin and rhaponticin isolated from Rheum undulatum were investigated. Rhapontigenin was found to scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The radical scavenging effect of rhapontigenin was more effective than rhaponticin. Rhapontigenin protected against H2O2-induced membrane lipid peroxidation and cellular DNA damage, which are the main targets of oxidative stress-induced cellular damage. The radical scavenging activity of rhapontigenin protected Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells exposed to H2O2 by inhibiting apoptosis. Rhapontigenin inhibited cell damage induced by serum starvation and was also found to increase the activity of catalase and its protein expression. Further, rhapontigenin increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and inhibited the activity of activator protein 1 (AP-1), a redox-sensitive transcription factor. In summary, these results suggest that rhapontigenin protects V79-4 cells against oxidative damage by enhancing the cellular antioxidant activity and modulating cellular signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Applied Radiological Science Research Institute, Cheju National University, Jeju-si, Korea
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Li XM, Shi YH, Wang F, Wang HS, Le GW. In vitro free radical scavenging activities and effect of synthetic oligosaccharides on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in aged mice. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 43:364-70. [PMID: 16876976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2006] [Revised: 06/16/2006] [Accepted: 06/20/2006] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study we synthesized oligosaccharides using glucose as reactant via a route assisted by microwave irradiation and evaluated their antioxidant activity in vivo and in vitro. The results show that the oligosaccharides exhibited antioxidant activity in vitro as compared to standard antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and alpha-tocopherol. This antioxidant activity depended on concentration and increased with increasing dose of sample. In addition, increased endogenous lipid peroxidation and decreased total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) were observed in aged mice. Thirty-day intraperitoneal administration of the oligosaccharides significantly decreased the lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. Oligosaccharides treatment increased TAOC and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in all organs tested in aged mice. The present study suggests that the synthetic oligosaccharides possess promising future for their strong free radical scavenging activity. Therefore they can be employed in compensating the decline in TAOC and the activities of antioxidant enzymes and in reducing the risks of lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ming Li
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Southern Yangtze University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214036, PR China
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Kang KA, Lee KH, Chae S, Zhang R, Jung MS, Ham YM, Baik JS, Lee NH, Hyun JW. Cytoprotective effect of phloroglucinol on oxidative stress induced cell damage via catalase activation. J Cell Biochem 2006; 97:609-20. [PMID: 16215988 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.20668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the cytoprotective effect of phloroglucinol, which was isolated from Ecklonia cava (brown alga), against oxidative stress induced cell damage in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells. Phloroglucinol was found to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), hydroxy radical, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and thus prevented lipid peroxidation. As a result, phloroglucinol reduced H(2)O(2) induced apoptotic cells formation in V79-4 cells. In addition, phloroglucinol inhibited cell damage induced by serum starvation and radiation through scavenging ROS. Phloroglucinol increased the catalase activity and its protein expression. In addition, catalase inhibitor abolished the protective effect of phloroglucinol from H(2)O(2) induced cell damage. Furthermore, phloroglucinol increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK). Taken together, the results suggest that phloroglucinol protects V79-4 cells against oxidative damage by enhancing the cellular catalase activity and modulating ERK signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Ah Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Applied Radiological Science Research Institute, Cheju National University, Jeju-si 690-756, Korea
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Wu JH, Xu C, Shan CY, Tan RX. Antioxidant properties and PC12 cell protective effects of APS-1, a polysaccharide from Aloe vera var. chinensis. Life Sci 2006; 78:622-30. [PMID: 16150464 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2005] [Accepted: 05/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Through a combination of anion-exchange and repeated gel chromatographies, APS-1 was isolated from fresh leaves of Aloe vera L. var. chinensis (Haw.) Berger (an edible and medicinal plant widely cultivated and consumed in China) as a principal polysaccharide composed of mannose and glucose (ca. 18:5) with its molecular weight around 2.1 x 10(5). In a dose-dependent manner, APS-1 was demonstrated to be free radical scavenging in superoxide and hydroxyl radical assays, inhibitory to the copper-mediated oxidation of human low density lipoprotein (LDL), and protective against hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced lesion to rat PC12 cell (pheochromocytoma cell line). The result suggested that APS-1 could be of considerable preventive and therapeutic significance to some free radical associated health problems such as coronary heart ailments, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Furthermore, the finding shed as well fresh light helpful for a better understanding of the health-benefiting potential of the edible plant consumed by the Chinese people for a couple of centuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun H Wu
- Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, PR China
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41
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Yang XB, Gao XD, Han F, Tan RX. Sulfation of a polysaccharide produced by a marine filamentous fungus Phoma herbarum YS4108 alters its antioxidant properties in vitro. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2005; 1725:120-7. [PMID: 16054758 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2005.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2005] [Revised: 06/18/2005] [Accepted: 06/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Free radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by all aerobic cells and are widely believed to play a significant role in aging as well as a number of degenerative or pathological diseases. This study compared the free radical-scavenging properties and antioxidant activity of YCP, a polysaccharide from the mycelium of a marine filamentous fungus Phoma herbarum YS 4108 and its two chemically sulfated derivatives YCP-S1 and YCP-S2. Sulfation, which masks hydroxyl groups of YCP polysaccharide molecule, could introduce new antioxidant activity, such as superoxide and hydroxyl radicals scavenging activity, metal chelating action, lipid peroxidation and linoleic acid oxidation inhibition capability. Furthermore, sulfated YCP was more potent than YCP at protecting erythrocytes against oxidative damage hemolysis. The current data suggest for the first time that sulfation of polysaccharide significantly increases its antioxidant activity and the chemical modification of polysaccharides may allow the preparation of derivatives with new properties and a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- X B Yang
- Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China
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