1
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Diamanti E, López-Gallego F. Single-Particle and Single-Molecule Characterization of Immobilized Enzymes: A Multiscale Path toward Optimizing Heterogeneous Biocatalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319248. [PMID: 38476019 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneous biocatalysis is highly relevant in biotechnology as it offers several benefits and practical uses. To leverage the full potential of heterogeneous biocatalysts, the establishment of well-crafted protocols, and a deeper comprehension of enzyme immobilization on solid substrates are essential. These endeavors seek to optimize immobilized biocatalysts, ensuring maximal enzyme performance within confined spaces. For this aim, multidimensional characterization of heterogeneous biocatalysts is required. In this context, spectroscopic and microscopic methodologies conducted at different space and temporal scales can inform about the intraparticle enzyme kinetics, the enzyme spatial distribution, and the mass transport issues. In this Minireview, we identify enzyme immobilization, enzyme catalysis, and enzyme inactivation as the three main processes for which advanced characterization tools unveil fundamental information. Recent advances in operando characterization of immobilized enzymes at the single-particle (SP) and single-molecule (SM) levels inform about their functional properties, unlocking the full potential of heterogeneous biocatalysis toward biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftheria Diamanti
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)-, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón, 194, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)-, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón, 194, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
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2
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Zeballos N, Comino N, Andrés-Sanz D, Santiago-Arcos J, Azkargorta M, Elortza F, Diamanti E, López-Gallego F. Region-Directed Enzyme Immobilization through Engineering Protein Surface with Histidine Clusters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:833-846. [PMID: 38135284 PMCID: PMC10788835 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization is a key enabling technology for a myriad of industrial applications, yet immobilization science is still too empirical to reach highly active and robust heterogeneous biocatalysts through a general approach. Conventional protein immobilization methods lack control over how enzymes are oriented on solid carriers, resulting in negative conformational changes that drive enzyme deactivation. Site-selective enzyme immobilization through peptide tags and protein domains addresses the orientation issue, but this approach limits the possible orientations to the N- and C-termini of the target enzyme. In this work, we engineer the surface of two model dehydrogenases to introduce histidine clusters into flexible regions not involved in catalysis, through which immobilization is driven. By varying the position and the histidine density of the clusters, we create a small library of enzyme variants to be immobilized on different carriers functionalized with different densities of various metal chelates (Co2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, and Fe3+). We first demonstrate that His-clusters can be as efficient as the conventional His-tags in immobilizing enzymes, recovering even more activity and gaining stability against some denaturing agents. Furthermore, we find that the enzyme orientation as well as the type and density of the metal chelates affect the immobilization parameters (immobilization yield and recovered activity) and the stability of the immobilized enzymes. According to proteomic studies, His-clusters enable a different enzyme orientation as compared to His-tag. Finally, these oriented heterogeneous biocatalysts are implemented in batch reactions, demonstrating that the stability achieved by an optimized orientation translates into increased operational stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoll Zeballos
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramon 194, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Natalia Comino
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramon 194, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Daniel Andrés-Sanz
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramon 194, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Javier Santiago-Arcos
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramon 194, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biology (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 800 Bld, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas
y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Felix Elortza
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biology (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 800 Bld, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas
y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eleftheria Diamanti
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramon 194, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramon 194, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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3
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Trobo-Maseda L, Romero-Fernandez M, Guisan JM, Rocha-Martin J. Glycosylation of polyphenolic compounds: Design of a self-sufficient biocatalyst by co-immobilization of a glycosyltransferase, a sucrose synthase and the cofactor UDP. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126009. [PMID: 37536414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Glycosyltransferases catalyze the regioselective glycosylation of polyphenolic compounds, increasing their solubility without altering their antioxidant properties. Leloir-type glycosyltransferases require UDP-glucose as a cofactor to glycosylate a hydroxyl of the polyphenol, which is expensive and unstable. To simplify these processes for industrial implementation, the preparation of self-sufficient heterogeneous biocatalysts is needed. In this study, a glycosyltransferase and a sucrose synthase (as an UDP-regenerating enzyme) were co-immobilized onto porous agarose-based supports coated with polycationic polymers: polyethylenimine and polyallylamine. In addition, the UDP cofactor was strongly ionically adsorbed and co-immobilized with the enzymes, eliminating the need to add it separately. Thus, the optimal self-sufficient heterogeneous biocatalyst was able to catalyze the glycosylation of three polyphenolic compounds (piceid, phloretin and quercetin) with in situ regeneration of the UDP-glucose, allowing multiple consecutive reaction cycles without the addition of exogenous cofactor. A TTN value of 50 (theoretical maximum) was obtained in the reaction of piceid glycosylation, after 5 reaction cycles, using the self-sufficient biocatalyst based on an improved sucrose synthase variant. This result was 5-fold higher than the obtained using soluble cofactor and the co-immobilized enzymes, and much higher than those reported in the literature for similar processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Trobo-Maseda
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Romero-Fernandez
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Guisan
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Javier Rocha-Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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4
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Santiago-Arcos J, Velasco-Lozano S, López-Gallego F. Multienzyme Coimmobilization on Triheterofunctional Supports. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:929-942. [PMID: 36649203 PMCID: PMC10018741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Immobilized multienzyme systems are gaining momentum in applied biocatalysis; however, the coimmobilization of several enzymes on one carrier is still challenging. In this work, we exploited a heterofunctional support activated with three different chemical functionalities to immobilize a wide variety of different enzymes. This support is based on agarose microbeads activated with aldehyde, amino, and cobalt chelate moieties that allow a fast and irreversible immobilization of enzymes, enhancing the thermostability of most of the heterogeneous biocatalysts (up to 21-fold higher than the soluble one). Furthermore, this trifunctional support serves to efficiently coimmobilize a multienzyme system composed of an alcohol dehydrogenase, a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidase, and a catalase. The confined multienzymatic system demonstrates higher performance than its free counterpart, achieving a total turnover number (TTN) of 1 × 105 during five batch consecutive cycles. We envision this solid material as a platform for coimmobilizing multienzyme systems with enhanced properties to catalyze stepwise biotransformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Santiago-Arcos
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia, Spain
| | - Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia, Spain.,Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC), Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.,Aragonese Foundation for Research and Development (ARAID), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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5
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Ye Q, Jin X, Gao H, Wei N. Site-Specific and Tunable Co-immobilization of Proteins onto Magnetic Nanoparticles via Spy Chemistry. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:5665-5674. [PMID: 36194637 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Co-immobilization of multiple proteins onto one nanosupport has large potential in mimicking natural multiprotein complexes and constructing efficient cascade biocatalytic systems. However, control of different proteins regarding their spatial arrangement and loading ratio remains a big challenge, and protein co-immobilization often requires the use of purified proteins. Herein, built upon our recently designed SpyTag-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), we established a modular MNP platform for site-specific, tunable, and cost-effective protein co-immobilization. SpyCatcher-fused enhanced green fluorescent protein (i.e., EGFP-SpyCatcher) and mCherry red fluorescent protein (i.e., RFP-SpyCatcher) were designed and conjugated on MNPs, and the immobilized proteins showed 3-7-fold enhancement in storage stability and greatly improved stability against the freeze-thaw process compared to free proteins. The protein-conjugated MNPs also retained desirable colloidal stability and magnetic responsiveness, enabling facile proteins' recovery. Also, one-pot co-immobilization of the two proteins could be fine-tuned with their feed ratios. In addition, MNPs could selectively and efficiently co-immobilize both SpyCatcher-fused proteins from combined cell lysates without purification, offering a convenient and cost-effective approach for multiprotein immobilization. This MNP platform provides a facile and efficient tool to construct bionano hybrid materials (i.e., protein-based MNPs) and multiprotein systems for a variety of industrial and green chemistry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanhui Ye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 3221 Newmark Civil Engineering Laboratory, 205 N. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xiuyu Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Haifeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Na Wei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 3221 Newmark Civil Engineering Laboratory, 205 N. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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6
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Visualizing Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Enzyme Interactions during Immobilization by Means of Infrared Microscopy. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12090989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microscopy method was developed and used to analyze the diffusion of lipase CalB in two different resins during immobilization. The method consisted of a streamlined sample preparation process and an automated transmission FT-IR microscopic measurement using a commercial benchtop device. The immobilization of CalB was performed on a hydrophobic resin containing aromatic groups (ECR1030M based on divinylbenzene) and on a hydrophilic resin containing ester groups and thus oxygen (ECR8204M based on methacrylate) and FT-IR revealed that the kinetic of immobilization and the distribution of the enzyme on the two resins were completely different. Furthermore, the technique revealed that CalB was immobilized on the external surface only in the case of the hydrophobic ECR1030M in a layer of about 50–70 µm, whereas when immobilized on the hydrophilic carrier ECR8204M the interaction of the enzyme with the carrier was uniform over the full diameter of the polymer bead. The enzyme activity however was higher on the hydrophobic support ECR1030M.
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7
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Bolivar JM, Woodley JM, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Is enzyme immobilization a mature discipline? Some critical considerations to capitalize on the benefits of immobilization. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6251-6290. [PMID: 35838107 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00083k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization has been developing since the 1960s and although many industrial biocatalytic processes use the technology to improve enzyme performance, still today we are far from full exploitation of the field. One clear reason is that many evaluate immobilization based on only a few experiments that are not always well-designed. In contrast to many other reviews on the subject, here we highlight the pitfalls of using incorrectly designed immobilization protocols and explain why in many cases sub-optimal results are obtained. We also describe solutions to overcome these challenges and come to the conclusion that recent developments in material science, bioprocess engineering and protein science continue to open new opportunities for the future. In this way, enzyme immobilization, far from being a mature discipline, remains as a subject of high interest and where intense research is still necessary to take full advantage of the possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Bolivar
- FQPIMA group, Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - John M Woodley
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis. ICP-CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain. .,Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External Scientific Advisory Academic, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Andrés-Sanz D, Diamanti E, Di Silvo D, Gurauskis J, López-Gallego F. Selective Coimmobilization of His-Tagged Enzymes on Yttrium-Stabilized Zirconia-Based Membranes for Continuous Asymmetric Bioreductions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:4285-4296. [PMID: 35020352 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Scalability, process control, and modularity are some of the advantages that make flow biocatalysis a key-enabling technology for green and sustainable chemistry. In this context, rigid porous solid membranes hold the promise to expand the toolbox of flow biocatalysis due to their chemical stability and inertness. Yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) fulfills these properties; however, it has been scarcely exploited as a carrier for enzymes. Here, we discovered an unprecedented interaction between YSZ materials and His-tagged enzymes that enables the fabrication of multifunctional biocatalytic membranes for bioredox cascades. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggests that enzyme immobilization is driven by coordination interactions between the imidazole groups of His-tags and both Zr and Y atoms. As model enzymes, we coimmobilized in-flow a thermophilic hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase (TtHBDH-His) and a formate dehydrogenase (His-CbFDH) for the continuous asymmetric reduction of ethyl acetoacetate with in situ redox cofactor recycling. Fluorescence confocal microscopy deciphered the spatial organization of the two coimmobilized enzymes, pointing out the importance of the coimmobilization sequence. Finally, the coimmobilized system succeeded in situ, recycling the redox cofactor, maintaining the specific productivity using only 0.05 mM NADH, and accumulating a total enzyme turnover number of 4000 in 24 h. This work presents YSZ materials as ready-to-use carriers for the site-directed enzyme in-flow immobilization and the application of the resulting heterogeneous biocatalysts for continuous biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Andrés-Sanz
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Eleftheria Diamanti
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Desirè Di Silvo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jonas Gurauskis
- INMA, Aragón Nanoscience and Materials Institute (CSIC-Unizar), Calle Mariano Esquillor 15, Edificio CIRCE, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- ARAID, Aragonese Agency for Research and Development, Av. de Ranillas 1-D, planta 2a̲, Oficina B, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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9
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Diamanti E, Santiago-Arcos J, Grajales-Hernández D, Czarnievicz N, Comino N, Llarena I, Di Silvio D, Cortajarena AL, López-Gallego F. Intraparticle Kinetics Unveil Crowding and Enzyme Distribution Effects on the Performance of Cofactor-Dependent Heterogeneous Biocatalysts. ACS Catal 2021; 11:15051-15067. [PMID: 34956691 PMCID: PMC8689653 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multidimensional kinetic analysis of immobilized enzymes is essential to understand the enzyme functionality at the interface with solid materials. However, spatiotemporal kinetic characterization of heterogeneous biocatalysts on a microscopic level and under operando conditions has been rarely approached. As a case study, we selected self-sufficient heterogeneous biocatalysts where His-tagged cofactor-dependent enzymes (dehydrogenases, transaminases, and oxidases) are co-immobilized with their corresponding phosphorylated cofactors [nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H), pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)] on porous agarose microbeads coated with cationic polymers. These self-sufficient systems do not require the addition of exogenous cofactors to function, thus avoiding the extensive use of expensive cofactors. To comprehend the microscopic kinetics and thermodynamics of self-sufficient systems, we performed fluorescence recovery after photobleaching measurements, time-lapse fluorescence microscopy, and image analytics at both single-particle and intraparticle levels. These studies reveal a thermodynamic equilibrium that rules out the reversible interactions between the adsorbed phosphorylated cofactors and the polycations within the pores of the carriers, enabling the confined cofactors to access the active sites of the immobilized enzymes. Furthermore, this work unveils the relationship between the apparent Michaelis-Menten kinetic parameters and the enzyme density in the confined space, eliciting a negative effect of molecular crowding on the performance of some enzymes. Finally, we demonstrate that the intraparticle apparent enzyme kinetics are significantly affected by the enzyme spatial organization. Hence, multiscale characterization of immobilized enzymes serves as an instrumental tool to better understand the in operando functionality of enzymes within confined spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftheria Diamanti
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)—Basque
Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón, 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Javier Santiago-Arcos
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)—Basque
Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón, 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Daniel Grajales-Hernández
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)—Basque
Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón, 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Nicolette Czarnievicz
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)—Basque
Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón, 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Natalia Comino
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)—Basque
Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón, 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Irantzu Llarena
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)—Basque
Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón, 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Desiré Di Silvio
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)—Basque
Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón, 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Aitziber L. Cortajarena
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)—Basque
Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón, 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)—Basque
Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón, 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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10
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Luo Y, Jin D, He W, Huang J, Chen A, Qi F. A SiO 2 Microcarrier with an Opal-like Structure for Cross-Linked Enzyme Immobilization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:14147-14156. [PMID: 34793174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The opal-like SiO2 microcarriers with different pore diameters named opal-SiO2I and opal-SiO2II were synthesized and utilized as microcarriers to immobilize Rhizopus oryzae lipase (ROL) and Aspergillus oryzae α-amylases (AOA). ROL and AOA can be more stably immobilized on the cross-linked SiO2 opals by neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether (NGDE), which is the first attempt to use it as a cross-linking agent compared with glutaraldehyde. According to the morphology analysis, multiple layers of SiO2 monodisperse microspheres were regularly packed and formed an opal-like structure, and enzymes were well scattered and immobilized throughout the SiO2 opals. The results showed that the performance of enzymes immobilized on opal-SiO2II with a larger specific surface area was much better than that of opal-SiO2I. The enzyme activity of ROL@opal-SiO2II and AOA@opal-SiO2II cross-linked with 1% NGDE increased 5.32 and 9.32 times compared with their free counterpart, respectively. Furthermore, pH and thermal stability and reusability of ROL/AOA@opal-SiO2II were significantly improved and higher than those of ROL/AOA@opal-SiO2I and free enzymes. This study provides an easily obtained microcarrier opal-SiO2II, which shows potential for efficient different enzyme immobilizations and further industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Luo
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
| | - Dou Jin
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
| | - Wenjin He
- Center of Engineering Technology Research for Microalgae Germplasm Improvement of Fujian, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
| | - Jianzhong Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
| | - Aicheng Chen
- Fujian Province University Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China
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11
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Coloma J, Guiavarc'h Y, Hagedoorn PL, Hanefeld U. Immobilisation and flow chemistry: tools for implementing biocatalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11416-11428. [PMID: 34636371 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04315c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The merger of enzyme immobilisation and flow chemistry has attracted the attention of the scientific community during recent years. Immobilisation enhances enzyme stability and enables recycling, flow chemistry allows process intensification. Their combination is desirable for the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly biocatalytic processes. In this feature article, we aim to point out important metrics for successful enzyme immobilisation and for reporting flow biocatalytic processes. Relevant examples of immobilised enzymes used in flow systems in organic, biphasic and aqueous systems are discussed. Finally, we describe recent developments to address the cofactor recycling hurdle.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Coloma
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands. .,Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Avenida Circunvalación s/n, P. O. Box 13-05-2732, Manta, Ecuador
| | - Yann Guiavarc'h
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands. .,Laboratory Reactions and Process Engineering, University of Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Peter-Leon Hagedoorn
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Ulf Hanefeld
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands.
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12
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Enzyme co-immobilization: Always the biocatalyst designers' choice…or not? Biotechnol Adv 2021; 51:107584. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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Tacias-Pascacio VG, Morellon-Sterling R, Castañeda-Valbuena D, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Kamli MR, Tavano O, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Immobilization of papain: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:94-113. [PMID: 34375660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Papain is a cysteine protease from papaya, with many applications due to its broad specificity. This paper reviews for first time the immobilization of papain on different supports (organic, inorganic or hybrid supports) presenting some of the features of the utilized immobilization strategies (e.g., epoxide, glutaraldehyde, genipin, glyoxyl for covalent immobilization). Special focus is placed on the preparation of magnetic biocatalysts, which will permit the simple recovery of the biocatalyst even if the medium is a suspension. Problems specific to the immobilization of proteases (e.g., steric problems when hydrolyzing large proteins) are also defined. The benefits of a proper immobilization (enzyme stabilization, widening of the operation window) are discussed, together with some artifacts that may suggest an enzyme stabilization that may be unrelated to enzyme rigidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veymar G Tacias-Pascacio
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Lib. Norte Pte. 1150, 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico; Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carretera Panamericana Km. 1080, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Roberto Morellon-Sterling
- Departamento de Biocatálisis. ICP-CSIC./Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid. Spain; Student of Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 2, Campus UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid. Spain
| | - Daniel Castañeda-Valbuena
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carretera Panamericana Km. 1080, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Majid Rasool Kamli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddad 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddad 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Olga Tavano
- Faculty of Nutrition, Alfenas Federal Univ., 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St, Alfenas, MG 37130-000, Brazil
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis. ICP-CSIC./Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid. Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External advisory board, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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14
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Ribeiro ES, de Farias BS, Sant'Anna Cadaval Junior TR, de Almeida Pinto LA, Diaz PS. Chitosan-based nanofibers for enzyme immobilization. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1959-1970. [PMID: 34090851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The widespread application of soluble enzymes in industrial processes is considered restrict due to instability of enzymes outside optimum operating conditions. For instance, enzyme immobilization can overcome this issue. In fact, chitosan-based nanofibers have outstanding properties, which can improve the efficiency in enzyme immobilization and the stability of enzymes over a wide range of operating conditions. These properties include biodegradability, antimicrobial activity, non-toxicity, presence of functional groups (amino and hydroxyl), large surface area to volume ratio, enhanced porosity and mechanical properties, easy separations and reusability. Therefore, the present review explores the advantages and drawbacks concerning the different methods of enzyme immobilization, including adsorption, cross-linking and entrapment. All these strategies have questions that still need to be addressed, such as elucidation of adsorption mechanism (physisorption or chemisorption); effect of cross-linking reaction on intramolecular and intermolecular interactions and the effect of internal and external diffusional limitations on entrapment of enzymes. Moreover, the current review discusses the challenges and prospects regarding the application of chitosan-based nanofibers in enzyme immobilization, towards maximizing catalytic activity and lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Silveira Ribeiro
- Biotechnology Unit, Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Capão do Leão, Brazil
| | - Bruna Silva de Farias
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), km 8 - Itália Avenue, 96203-900 Rio Grande, Brazil.
| | | | - Luiz Antonio de Almeida Pinto
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), km 8 - Itália Avenue, 96203-900 Rio Grande, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Silva Diaz
- Biotechnology Unit, Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Capão do Leão, Brazil
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15
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Dubey NC, Tripathi BP. Nature Inspired Multienzyme Immobilization: Strategies and Concepts. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1077-1114. [PMID: 35014469 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In a biological system, the spatiotemporal arrangement of enzymes in a dense cellular milieu, subcellular compartments, membrane-associated enzyme complexes on cell surfaces, scaffold-organized proteins, protein clusters, and modular enzymes have presented many paradigms for possible multienzyme immobilization designs that were adapted artificially. In metabolic channeling, the catalytic sites of participating enzymes are close enough to channelize the transient compound, creating a high local concentration of the metabolite and minimizing the interference of a competing pathway for the same precursor. Over the years, these phenomena had motivated researchers to make their immobilization approach naturally realistic by generating multienzyme fusion, cluster formation via affinity domain-ligand binding, cross-linking, conjugation on/in the biomolecular scaffold of the protein and nucleic acids, and self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules. This review begins with the discussion of substrate channeling strategies and recent empirical efforts to build it synthetically. After that, an elaborate discussion covering prevalent concepts related to the enhancement of immobilized enzymes' catalytic performance is presented. Further, the central part of the review summarizes the progress in nature motivated multienzyme assembly over the past decade. In this section, special attention has been rendered by classifying the nature-inspired strategies into three main categories: (i) multienzyme/domain complex mimic (scaffold-free), (ii) immobilization on the biomolecular scaffold, and (iii) compartmentalization. In particular, a detailed overview is correlated to the natural counterpart with advances made in the field. We have then discussed the beneficial account of coassembly of multienzymes and provided a synopsis of the essential parameters in the rational coimmobilization design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi C Dubey
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Bijay P Tripathi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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16
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Co-Immobilization and Co-Localization of Multi-Enzyme Systems on Porous Materials. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2100:297-308. [PMID: 31939131 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0215-7_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The immobilization of multi-enzyme systems on solid materials is rapidly gaining interest for the construction of biocatalytic cascades with biotechnological applications in industry. The heterogenization and control of the spatial organization across porous materials of the system components are essentials to improve the performance of the process providing higher robustness, yield, and productivity. In this chapter, the co-immobilization and co-localization of a bi-enzymatic bio-redox orthogonal cascade with in situ cofactor regeneration are described. An NADH-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzes the asymmetric reduction of 2,2,2 trifluoroacetophenone using an NADH regeneration system consisting of a glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamic acid. Three different spatial organizations of the enzymes were compared in terms of cofactor-recycling efficiency. Furthermore, we demonstrated how the co-localization and uniform distribution (by controlling the enzyme immobilization rate) of the main and recycling dehydrogenases inside the same porous particle lead to enhance the cofactor-recycling efficiency of the bi-enzymatic bio-redox systems.
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17
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Benítez-Mateos AI, Huber C, Nidetzky B, Bolivar JM, López-Gallego F. Design of the Enzyme-Carrier Interface to Overcome the O 2 and NADH Mass Transfer Limitations of an Immobilized Flavin Oxidase. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:56027-56038. [PMID: 33275418 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how the immobilization of enzymes on solid carriers affects their performance is paramount for the design of highly efficient heterogeneous biocatalysts. An efficient supply of substrates onto the solid phase is one of the main challenges to maximize the activity of the immobilized enzymes. Herein, we apply advanced single-particle analysis to decipher the optimal design of an immobilized NADH oxidase (NOX) whose activity depends both on O2 and NADH concentrations. Carrier physicochemical properties and its functionality along with the enzyme distribution across the carrier were implemented as design variables to study the effects of the intraparticle concentration of substrates (O2 and NADH) on the activity. Intraparticle O2-sensing analysis revealed the superior performance of the enzyme immobilized at the outer surface in terms of effective supply of O2. Furthermore, the co-immobilization of NADH and NOX within the tuned surface of porous microbeads increases the effective concentration of NADH in the surroundings of the enzyme. As a result, the optimal spatial organization of NOX and its confinement with NADH allow a 100% recovery of the activity of the soluble enzyme upon the immobilization process. By engineering these variables, we increase the NADH oxidation activity of the heterogeneous biocatalyst by up to 650% compared to NOX immobilized under suboptimal conditions. In conclusion, this work highlights the rational design and engineering of the enzyme-carrier interface to maximize the efficiency of heterogeneous biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Benítez-Mateos
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 182, Donostia San Sebastián 20014, Spain
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Christina Huber
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, Graz A-8010, Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, Graz A-8010, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Krenngasse 37, Graz A-8010, Austria
| | - Juan M Bolivar
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, Graz A-8010, Austria
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 182, Donostia San Sebastián 20014, Spain
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, Bilbao 48013, Spain
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18
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Benítez-Mateos AI, Zeballos N, Comino N, Moreno de Redrojo L, Randelovic T, López-Gallego F. Microcompartmentalized Cell-Free Protein Synthesis in Hydrogel μ-Channels. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:2971-2978. [PMID: 33170665 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The rapid demand for protein-based molecules has stimulated much research on cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS); however, there are still many challenges in terms of cost-efficiency, process intensification, and sustainability. Herein, we describe the microcompartmentalization of CFPS of superfolded green fluorescent protein (sGFP) in alginate hydrogels, which were casted into a μ-channel device. CFPS was optimized for the microcompartmentalized environment and characterized in terms of synthesis yield. To extend the scope of this technology, the use of other biocompatible materials (collagen, laponite, and agarose) was explored. In addition, the diffusion of sGFP from the hydrogel microenvironment to the bulk was demonstrated, opening a promising opportunity for concurrent synthesis and delivery of proteins. Finally, we provide an application for this system: the CFPS of enzymes. The present design of the hydrogel μ-channel device may enhance the potential application of microcompartmentalized CFPS in biosensing, bioprototyping, and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Benítez-Mateos
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CICbiomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182. Edificio empresarial “C”, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicoll Zeballos
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CICbiomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182. Edificio empresarial “C”, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Natalia Comino
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CICbiomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182. Edificio empresarial “C”, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Lucía Moreno de Redrojo
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Teodora Randelovic
- Tissue MicroEnvironment (TME) Lab, Institute for Health Research Aragón (IISA), Avda. San Juan Bosco 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragon Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Mariano Escuillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CICbiomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182. Edificio empresarial “C”, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- ARAID, Aragon Foundation for Science, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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19
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Liu J, Tong S, Sun H, Chang Y, Luo H, Yu H, Shen Z. Effect of shaking speed on immobilization of cephalosporin C acylase: Correlation between protein distribution and properties of the immobilized enzymes. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 37:e3063. [PMID: 32776709 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
During enzyme immobilization, enzyme activity and protein distribution are affected by various factors such as enzyme load, temperature, and pH. In general, two types of protein distribution patterns (heterogeneous or homogeneous) are observed inside a porous carrier, owing to differences in preparation parameters. During the immobilization of a fusion protein (CCApH) of cephalosporin C acylase (CCA) and pHluorin (a pH-sensitive mutant of green fluorescent protein), different shaking speeds induced obvious differences in protein distribution on an epoxy carrier, LX-1000EPC. Enzyme immobilization with a homogeneous distribution pattern was observed at a low shaking speed (120 rpm) with an operational stability of 10 batches at 37°C. The operational stability of an immobilisate with heterogeneous protein distribution prepared at a high shaking speed (200 rpm) was six batches. Given the pH-sensitive characteristics of pHluorin in the fusion protein, the intraparticle pH of CCApH immobilisates during catalysis was monitored using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The microenvironmental pH of the immobilisate with heterogeneous protein distribution sharply decreased by about 2 units; this decrease in the pH may be detrimental to the life-span of immobilized CCA. Thus, this work demonstrates the good operational stability of pH-sensitive proton-forming immobilized enzymes with homogeneous protein distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingran Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.,Department of Biological Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangming Tong
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.,Department of Biological Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxu Sun
- Department of Biological Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Chang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Biological Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongyao Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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20
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de Souza TC, de Sousa Fonseca T, de Sousa Silva J, Lima PJM, Neto CACG, Monteiro RRC, Rocha MVP, de Mattos MC, dos Santos JCS, Gonçalves LRB. Modulation of lipase B from Candida antarctica properties via covalent immobilization on eco-friendly support for enzymatic kinetic resolution of rac-indanyl acetate. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:2253-2268. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02411-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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21
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Trobo-Maseda L, H Orrego A, Guisan JM, Rocha-Martin J. Coimmobilization and colocalization of a glycosyltransferase and a sucrose synthase greatly improves the recycling of UDP-glucose: Glycosylation of resveratrol 3-O-β-D-glucoside. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 157:510-521. [PMID: 32344088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most efficient biocompatible methodologies to enhance the water solubility of natural products, and therefore their bioavailability. The excellent regio- and stereoselectivity of nucleotide sugar-dependent glycosyltransferases enables single-step glycosylations at specific positions of a broad variety of acceptor molecules without the requirement of protection/deprotection steps. However, the need for stoichiometric quantities of high-cost substrates, UDP-sugars, is a limiting factor for its use at an industrial scale. To overcome this challenge, here we report tailor-made coimmobilization and colocalization procedures to assemble a bi-enzymatic cascade composed of a glycosyltransferase and a sucrose synthase for the regioselective 5-O-β-D-glycosylation of piceid with in situ cofactor regeneration. Coimmobilization and colocalization of enzymes was achieved by performing slow immobilization of both enzymes inside the porous support. The colocalization of both enzymes within the porous structure of a solid support promoted an increase in the overall stability of the bi-enzymatic system and improved 50-fold the efficiency of piceid glycosylation compared with the non-colocalized biocatalyst. Finally, piceid conversion to resveratrol 3,5-diglucoside was over 90% after 6 cycles using the optimal biocatalyst and was reused in up to 10 batch reaction cycles accumulating a TTN of 91.7 for the UDP recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Trobo-Maseda
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro H Orrego
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M Guisan
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Javier Rocha-Martin
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Guisan JM, López-Gallego F, Bolivar JM, Rocha-Martín J, Fernandez-Lorente G. The Science of Enzyme Immobilization. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2100:1-26. [PMID: 31939113 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0215-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Protocols for simple immobilization of unstable enzymes are plenty, but the vast majority of them, unfortunately, have not reached their massive implementation for the preparation of improved heterogeneous biocatalyst. In this context, the science of enzyme immobilization demands new protocols capable of fabricating heterogeneous biocatalysts with better properties than the soluble enzymes. The preparation of very stable immobilized biocatalysts enables the following: (1) higher operational times of enzyme, increasing their total turnover numbers; (2) the use of enzymes under non-conventional media (temperatures, solvents, etc.) in order to increase the concentrations of substrates for intensification of processes or in order to shift reaction equilibria; (3) the design of solvent-free reaction systems; and (4) the prevention of microbial contaminations. These benefits gained with the immobilization are critical to scale up chemical processes like the synthesis of biodiesel, synthesis of food additives or soil decontamination, where the cost of the catalysts has an enormous impact on their economic feasibility. The science of enzyme immobilization requires a multidisciplinary focus that involves several areas of knowledge such as, material science, surface chemistry, protein chemistry, biophysics, molecular biology, biocatalysis, and chemical engineering. In this chapter, we will discuss the most relevant aspects to do "the science of enzyme immobilization." We will emphasize the immobilization techniques that promote multivalent attachments between the surface of the enzymes and the porous carriers. Finally, we will discuss the effect that the structural rigidification promotes at different protein regions on the functional properties of the immobilized enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Guisan
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan M Bolivar
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Javier Rocha-Martín
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Fernandez-Lorente
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, CSIC-UAM, Campus UAM, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Liao L, Meng Y, Wang R, Jia B, Li P. Coupling and Regulation of Porous Carriers Using Plasma and Amination to Improve the Catalytic Performance of Glucose Oxidase and Catalase. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:426. [PMID: 31921828 PMCID: PMC6923177 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple enzyme systems are being increasingly used for their high-efficiency and co-immobilization is a key technology to lower the cost and improve the stability of enzymes. In this study, poly glycidyl methacrylate (PGMA) spheres were synthesized using suspension polymerization, and were used as a support to co-immobilize glucose oxidase (GOx) and catalase (CAT). Surface modification was carried out via a combination of plasma and amination to promote the properties of the catalyzer. The co-immobilized enzymes showed a more extensive range of optimum pH and temperature from 5.5 to 7.5 and 25 to 40°C, respectively, compared to free enzymes. Furthermore, the maximum activity and protein adsorption quantity of the co-immobilized enzymes reached 25.98 U/g and 6.07 mg/g, respectively. The enzymatic activity of the co-immobilized enzymes was maintained at ~70% after storage for 5 days and at 82% after three consecutive cycles, indicating that the immobilized material could be applied industrially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingtong Liao
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yuling Meng
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Ruiming Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material & Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Baolei Jia
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Piwu Li
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material & Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
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Bolivar JM, Nidetzky B. On the relationship between structure and catalytic effectiveness in solid surface-immobilized enzymes: Advances in methodology and the quest for a single-molecule perspective. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2019; 1868:140333. [PMID: 31778816 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.140333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The integration of enzymes with solid materials is important in many biotechnological applications, including the use of immobilized enzymes for biocatalytic synthesis. The development of functional enzyme-material composites is restrained by the lack of molecular-level insight into the behavior of enzymes in confined, surface-near environments. Here, we review recent advances in surface-sensitive spectroscopic techniques that push boundaries for the determination of enzyme structure and orientation at the solid-liquid interface. We discuss recent evidence from single-molecule studies showing that analyses sensitive to the temporal and spatial heterogeneities in immobilized enzymes can succeed in disentangling the effects of conformational stability and active-site accessibility on activity. Different immobilization methods involve distinct trade-off between these effects, thus emphasizing the need for a holistic (systems) view of immobilized enzymes for the rational development of practical biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Bolivar
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria; Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria; Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria; Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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25
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Holyavka MG, Kondratyev MS, Lukin AN, Agapov BL, Artyukhov VG. Immobilization of inulinase on KU-2 ion-exchange resin matrix. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 138:681-692. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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Benítez-Mateos AI, Mehravar E, Velasco-Lozano S, Salassa L, López-Gallego F. Selective Immobilization of Fluorescent Proteins for the Fabrication of Photoactive Materials. Molecules 2019; 24:E2775. [PMID: 31366154 PMCID: PMC6696454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The immobilization of fluorescent proteins is a key technology enabling to fabricate a new generation of photoactive materials with potential technological applications. Herein we have exploited superfolder green (sGFP) and red (RFP) fluorescent proteins expressed with different polypeptide tags. We fused these fluorescent proteins to His-tags to immobilize them on graphene 3D hydrogels, and Cys-tags to immobilize them on porous microparticles activated with either epoxy or disulfide groups and with Lys-tags to immobilize them on upconverting nanoparticles functionalized with carboxylic groups. Genetically programming sGFP and RFP with Cys-tag and His-tag, respectively, allowed tuning the protein spatial organization either across the porous structure of two microbeads with different functional groups (agarose-based materials activated with metal chelates and epoxy-methacrylate materials) or across the surface of a single microbead functionalized with both metal-chelates and disulfide groups. By using different polypeptide tags, we can control the attachment chemistry but also the localization of the fluorescent proteins across the material surfaces. The resulting photoactive material formed by His-RFP immobilized on graphene hydrogels has been tested as pH indicator to measure pH changes in the alkaline region, although the immobilized fluorescent protein exhibited a narrower dynamic range to measure pH than the soluble fluorescent protein. Likewise, the immobilization of Lys-sGFP on alginate-coated upconverting nanoparticles enabled the infrared excitation of the fluorescent protein to be used as a green light emitter. These novel photoactive biomaterials open new avenues for innovative technological developments towards the fabrication of biosensors and photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Benítez-Mateos
- Heterogeneous biocatalysis group, CICbiomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón, 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ehsan Mehravar
- POLYMAT and Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Heterogeneous biocatalysis laboratory, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luca Salassa
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous biocatalysis laboratory, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
- ARAID, Aragon foundation for Science, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
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Schmid-Dannert C, López-Gallego F. Advances and opportunities for the design of self-sufficient and spatially organized cell-free biocatalytic systems. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 49:97-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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On-pot and cell-free biocatalysis using coimmobilized enzymes on advanced materials. Methods Enzymol 2019; 617:385-411. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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29
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García-García P, Rocha-Martin J, Fernandez-Lorente G, Guisan JM. Co-localization of oxidase and catalase inside a porous support to improve the elimination of hydrogen peroxide: Oxidation of biogenic amines by amino oxidase from Pisum sativum. Enzyme Microb Technol 2018; 115:73-80. [PMID: 29859605 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Diamine oxidase (DAO) from Pisum sativum is an enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of biogenic amines (BA) present in wine, producing harmless aldehydes and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). H2O2 promotes a rapid inactivation of the immobilized enzyme. At first glance, co-immobilization of DAO and catalase (CAT) could improve the elimination of the released hydrogen peroxide. Two different co-immobilized derivatives were prepared: (a) both enzymes co-localized and homogeneously distributed across the whole structure of a porous support, and (b) both enzymes we de-localized inside the porous support: DAO immobilized on the outer part of the porous support and catalase immobilized in the inner part. Co-localized derivatives were seven-fold more effective than de-localized ones for the elimination of hydrogen peroxide inside the porous support. In addition to that, the degradation of putrescine by DAO was three-fold more rapid when using both co-localized enzymes. The optimal co-localized derivative (containing 1.25 mg of DAO plus 25 mg of CAT per g of support) promoted the instantaneous elimination of 91% H2O2 released inside the porous support during putrescine oxidation. This optimal derivative preserves 92% of activity after three reaction cycles and DAO immobilized without catalase only preserves 41% of activity. Co-localization seems to be the key strategy to immobilize two sequential enzymes. When enzymes are immobilized in close proximity to each other in a co-localized pattern, the generation of byproducts as H2O2 is strongly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paz García-García
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Rocha-Martin
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Fernandez-Lorente
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose M Guisan
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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30
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Louka A, Matlahov I, Giuntini S, Cerofolini L, Cavallo A, Pillozzi S, Ravera E, Fragai M, Arcangeli A, Ramamoorthy A, Goobes G, Luchinat C. Engineering l-asparaginase for spontaneous formation of calcium phosphate bioinspired microreactors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:12719-12726. [PMID: 29697113 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00419f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Active bioinspired materials are appealing biotechnological targets, and their study is gaining momentum. These materials, which comprise of an inorganic matrix and one or more biomolecules, are extremely variable and therefore may result difficult to characterize in their intimate structure. In this work we have prepared a hydroxyapatite-l-asparaginase composite, with the perspective of using it in acute leukemia treatment. We demonstrate that the use of electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction, combined with the atomic-resolution information coming from solid-state NMR, allows us to understand the topology of the material and how the different components interplay to obtain an active composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Louka
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence and Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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31
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Benítez-Mateos AI, Llarena I, Sánchez-Iglesias A, López-Gallego F. Expanding One-Pot Cell-Free Protein Synthesis and Immobilization for On-Demand Manufacturing of Biomaterials. ACS Synth Biol 2018; 7:875-884. [PMID: 29473413 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.7b00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of protein-based biomaterials is an arduous and time-consuming procedure with multiple steps. In this work, we describe a portable toolkit that integrates both cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) and protein immobilization in one pot just by mixing DNA, solid materials, and a CFPS system. We have constructed a modular set of plasmids that fuse the N-terminus of superfolded green fluorescent protein (sGFP) with different peptide tags (poly(6X)Cys, poly(6X)His, and poly(6X)Lys), which drive the immobilization of the protein on the tailored material (agarose beads with different functionalities, gold nanorods, and silica nanoparticles). This system also enables the incorporation of azide-based amino acids into the nascent protein for its selective immobilization through copper-free click reactions. Finally, this technology has been expanded to the synthesis and immobilization of enzymes and antibody-binding proteins for the fabrication of functional biomaterials. This synthetic biological platform has emerged as a versatile tool for on-demand fabrication of therapeutic, diagnostic, and sensing biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Benítez-Mateos
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182, Edificio empresarial “C”, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Irantzu Llarena
- Optical Spectroscopy Platform, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182, Edificio empresarial “C”, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Iglesias
- Colloidal Nanofabrication Platform, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182, Edificio empresarial “C”, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182, Edificio empresarial “C”, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- ARAID, Aragon I+D Foundation, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
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32
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Urrutia P, Arrieta R, Alvarez L, Cardenas C, Mesa M, Wilson L. Immobilization of lipases in hydrophobic chitosan for selective hydrolysis of fish oil: The impact of support functionalization on lipase activity, selectivity and stability. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:674-686. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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33
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Benítez-Mateos AI, Nidetzky B, Bolivar JM, López-Gallego F. Single-Particle Studies to Advance the Characterization of Heterogeneous Biocatalysts. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Benítez-Mateos
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Group; CIC BiomaGUNE; Paseo Miramon 182 San Sebastian-Donostia 20014 Spain
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering; Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12 8010 Graz Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Juan M. Bolivar
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering; Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Group; CIC BiomaGUNE; Paseo Miramon 182 San Sebastian-Donostia 20014 Spain
- IKERBASQUE; Basque Foundation for Science; Bilbao Spain
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34
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Bolivar JM, Gascon V, Marquez-Alvarez C, Blanco RM, Nidetzky B. Oriented Coimmobilization of Oxidase and Catalase on Tailor-Made Ordered Mesoporous Silica. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:5065-5076. [PMID: 28464607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica materials are promising carriers for enzyme immobilization in heterogeneous biocatalysis applications. By tailoring their pore structural framework, these materials are designable for appropriate enzyme binding capacity and internal diffusivity. To supply O2 efficiently to solid-supported immobilized enzymes represents a core problem of heterogeneously catalyzed oxidative biotransformations. In this study, therefore, we synthesized and compared three internally well-ordered and two amorphous silica materials as enzyme carriers, each of those with pore sizes of ≥10 nm, to enable the coimmobilization of d-amino-acid oxidase (79 kDa) and catalase (217 kDa). Both enzymes were fused to the silica-binding module Zbasic2 to facilitate their selective and oriented immobilization directly from crude protein mixtures on native silica materials. Analyzing the effects of varied pore architecture and internal surface area on the performance of the immobilized bienzymatic system, we showed that a uniform pore structural framework was beneficial for enzyme loading (≥70 mg protein/g carrier), immobilization yield (≥90%), surface and pore volume filling without hindered adsorption, and catalytic effectiveness (≥60%) of the coimmobilizate. Using the best carrier LP-SBA-15, we obtained a solid oxidase-catalase preparation with an activity of 2000 μmol/(min g_material) that was recyclable and stable during oxidation of d-methionine. These results affirm a strategy of optimizing immobilized O2-dependent enzymes via tunable internal structuring of the silica material used as carrier. They thus make a significant advance toward the molecular design of heterogeneous oxidation biocatalysts on mesoporous silica supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Bolivar
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Victoria Gascon
- Molecular Sieves Group, Institute of Catalysis and Petroleum Chemistry (ICP-CSIC) , Marie Curie, 2, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Marquez-Alvarez
- Molecular Sieves Group, Institute of Catalysis and Petroleum Chemistry (ICP-CSIC) , Marie Curie, 2, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M Blanco
- Molecular Sieves Group, Institute of Catalysis and Petroleum Chemistry (ICP-CSIC) , Marie Curie, 2, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology , Petersgasse 14, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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35
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Zaak H, Siar EH, Kornecki JF, Fernandez-Lopez L, Pedrero SG, Virgen-Ortíz JJ, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Effect of immobilization rate and enzyme crowding on enzyme stability under different conditions. The case of lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus immobilized on octyl agarose beads. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Effect of protein load on stability of immobilized enzymes. Enzyme Microb Technol 2017; 98:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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37
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Hoarau M, Badieyan S, Marsh ENG. Immobilized enzymes: understanding enzyme – surface interactions at the molecular level. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:9539-9551. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01880k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between immobilized enzymes and supporting surfaces are complex and context-dependent and can significantly alter enzyme structure, stability and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Hoarau
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | | | - E. Neil G. Marsh
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry
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38
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Zucca P, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Sanjust E. Agarose and Its Derivatives as Supports for Enzyme Immobilization. Molecules 2016; 21:E1577. [PMID: 27869778 PMCID: PMC6273708 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Agarose is a polysaccharide obtained from some seaweeds, with a quite particular structure that allows spontaneous gelation. Agarose-based beads are highly porous, mechanically resistant, chemically and physically inert, and sharply hydrophilic. These features-that could be further improved by means of covalent cross-linking-render them particularly suitable for enzyme immobilization with a wide range of derivatization methods taking advantage of chemical modification of a fraction of the polymer hydroxyls. The main properties of the polymer are described here, followed by a review of cross-linking and derivatization methods. Some recent, innovative procedures to optimize the catalytic activity and operational stability of the obtained preparations are also described, together with multi-enzyme immobilized systems and the main guidelines to exploit their performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Zucca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy.
| | | | - Enrico Sanjust
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy.
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39
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Ravera E, Martelli T, Geiger Y, Fragai M, Goobes G, Luchinat C. Biosilica and bioinspired silica studied by solid-state NMR. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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40
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Orrego AH, García C, Mancheño JM, Guisán JM, Lillo MP, López-Gallego F. Two-Photon Fluorescence Anisotropy Imaging to Elucidate the Dynamics and the Stability of Immobilized Proteins. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:485-91. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro H. Orrego
- Enzymatic
Engineering Group, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina García
- Fluorescence
Molecular Biophysics Group, Instituto Química Física
“Rocasolano”, CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Mancheño
- Crystallography
and Structural Biology Group, Instituto Química Física
“Rocasolano”, CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M. Guisán
- Enzymatic
Engineering Group, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Pilar Lillo
- Fluorescence
Molecular Biophysics Group, Instituto Química Física
“Rocasolano”, CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneus
Biocatalysis Group, CIC BiomaGUNE, Pase Miramon 182, 20009 San Sebastian-Donostia, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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41
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Tacias-Pascacio VG, Peirce S, Torrestiana-Sanchez B, Yates M, Rosales-Quintero A, Virgen-Ortíz JJ, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Evaluation of different commercial hydrophobic supports for the immobilization of lipases: tuning their stability, activity and specificity. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21730c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immobilization of different lipases on diffferent hydrophobic supportsviainterfacial activation has permitted to tunning enzyme performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veymar G. Tacias-Pascacio
- Instituto de Catálisis-ICP-CSIC
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos
- Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz
| | - Sara Peirce
- Instituto de Catálisis-ICP-CSIC
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica
- dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale
| | | | - Malcon Yates
- Instituto de Catálisis-ICP-CSIC
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
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42
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Bolivar JM, Eisl I, Nidetzky B. Advanced characterization of immobilized enzymes as heterogeneous biocatalysts. Catal Today 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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43
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Bolivar JM, Schelch S, Mayr T, Nidetzky B. Mesoporous Silica Materials Labeled for Optical Oxygen Sensing and Their Application to Development of a Silica-Supported Oxidoreductase Biocatalyst. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b01601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Bolivar
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sabine Schelch
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Torsten Mayr
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Austrian Centre
of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Petersgasse 14, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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44
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Xu J, Luo H, López C, Xiao J, Chang Y. Novel immobilization process of a thermophilic catalase: efficient purification by heat treatment and subsequent immobilization at high temperature. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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45
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Bolivar JM, Schelch S, Mayr T, Nidetzky B. Dissecting Physical and Biochemical Factors of Catalytic Effectiveness in Immobilized D
-Amino Acid Oxidase by Real-Time Sensing of O2
Availability Inside Porous Carriers. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201301026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Matte CR, Bussamara R, Dupont J, Rodrigues RC, Hertz PF, Ayub MAZ. Immobilization of Thermomyces lanuginosus Lipase by Different Techniques on Immobead 150 Support: Characterization and Applications. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:2507-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0702-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Barbosa O, Ortiz C, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Torres R, Rodrigues RC, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Glutaraldehyde in bio-catalysts design: a useful crosslinker and a versatile tool in enzyme immobilization. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45991h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 571] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Barbosa O, Torres R, Ortiz C, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Rodrigues RC, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Heterofunctional Supports in Enzyme Immobilization: From Traditional Immobilization Protocols to Opportunities in Tuning Enzyme Properties. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2433-62. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400762h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 377] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oveimar Barbosa
- Escuela de Química, Grupo
de investigación en Bioquímica y Microbiología
(GIBIM), Edificio Camilo Torres 210, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Rodrigo Torres
- Escuela de Química, Grupo
de investigación en Bioquímica y Microbiología
(GIBIM), Edificio Camilo Torres 210, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Claudia Ortiz
- Escuela de Bacteriología
y Laboratorio Clínico, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Instituto Universitario de Materiales,
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alicante, Campus de San Vicente del Raspeig, Ap.
99 - 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Rafael C. Rodrigues
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Technology
Lab, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves,
9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatalisis, Instituto de Catálisis-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC,
Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Liu Q, Kong X, Zhang C, Chen Y, Hua Y. Immobilisation of a hydroperoxide lyase and comparative enzymological studies of the immobilised enzyme with membrane-bound enzyme. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:1953-1959. [PMID: 23255235 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydroperoxide lyase is the key enzyme in lipoxygenase pathway producing green-note flavours and has potential value for the flavour additive industry. So far, only a low yield of green-note flavours produced by hydroperoxide lyase has been achieved, primarily because of its instability. The aim of this study was to stabilise hydroperoxide lyase from Amaranthus tricolor leaves by immobilisation and investigate the characteristics of immobilised enzyme in comparison with free and native membrane-bound enzyme. RESULTS A maximum activity of 2.85±0.1 U g(-1) (wet) ceramic hydroxyapatite and a yield of 80% were obtained under optimised coupling conditions. The optimal reaction pH was 6.0, 6.0 and 7.5 for free, membrane-bound and immobilised enzyme respectively, while the optimal reaction temperature was 30, 35 and 35 °C respectively. Thermal and operational stability of immobilised enzyme were substantially enhanced. However, a higher substrate diffusion resistance was imposed after immobilisation, as evidenced by the Km value of immobilised enzyme being higher than that of free and membrane-bound enzyme. CONCLUSION Ceramic hydroxyapatite was a candidate for the immobilisation of hydroperoxide lyase from A. tricolor leaves. The stability of hydroperoxide lyase was substantially improved after immobilisation on this substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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Zahel T, Boniello C, Nidetzky B. Real-time measurement and modeling of intraparticle pH gradient formation in immobilized cephalosporin C amidase. Process Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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