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Jia H, Feng X, Huang J, Guo Y, Zhang D, Li X, Zhao J. Recombinant Family 1 Carbohydrate-Binding Modules Derived From Fungal Cellulase Enhance Enzymatic Degradation of Lignocellulose as Novel Effective Accessory Protein. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:876466. [PMID: 35898911 PMCID: PMC9309510 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.876466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal cellulases usually contain a family 1 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM1), and its role was considered to recognize the substrate specifically. This study testified that the CBM1s derived from cellobiohydrolase I of Trichoderma reesei, Penicillium oxalicum, and Penicillium funiculosum could be used as an effective accessory protein in cellulase cocktails to enhance the saccharification of lignocellulose, and its enhancement effect was significantly superior to some reported accessory proteins, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA). The promoting effects of the CBM1s were related to not only the CBM1 sources and protein dosages, but also the substrate characteristics and solid consistency during enzymatic hydrolysis. The adsorption capacity of the CBM1s, the adsorption kinetic of TrCBM from T. reesei and cellobiohydrolase, endoglucanase, and β-glucosidase from P. oxalicum, and the effect of adding TrCBM on enzyme activities of free cellulases in the hydrolysis system were investigated, and the binding conformations and affinities of CBM1s to cellulose and lignin were predicted by molecular docking. It was speculated that the higher affinity of the CBM1s to lignin than cellulases could potentially enable the CBM1s to displace cellulase adsorbed on lignin or to preferentially adsorb onto lignin to avoid ineffective adsorption of cellulase onto lignin, which enhanced cellulase system efficiency during enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hexue Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoting Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiamin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Daolei Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Shandong Polytechnic, Jinan, China
| | - Xuezhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Xuezhi Li,
| | - Jian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Jian Zhao,
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2
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Nan MN, Bi Y, Qiang Y, Xue HL, Yang L, Feng LD, Pu LM, Long HT, Prusky D. Electrostatic adsorption and removal mechanism of ochratoxin A in wine via a positively charged nano-MgO microporous ceramic membrane. Food Chem 2022; 371:131157. [PMID: 34583180 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a very important mycotoxin. However, there are few studies on the removal of OTA in wine because of the great influence on product quality and difficulty in practical application. A nano-MgO-modified diatomite ceramic membrane (MCM) with a high positive charge was prepared and applied to remove OTA in wine. The isotherm adsorption between the positively charged membrane and OTA was in accordance with the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 806 ng/g at 25 °C. All of the changes in adsorption enthalpy (ΔH), adsorption free energy (ΔG) and adsorption entropy (ΔS) were negative, which indicated that the combination of nano-MgO MCM and OTA was a spontaneous exothermic and nonspecific physical adsorption process. The concentrations of OTA in adsorption-treated wines were lower than 2 μg/kg, and the removal rates exceeded 92%. After OTA removal, the composition of wines was preserved to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Na Nan
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China; Basic Experiment Teaching Center, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Yang Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China.
| | - Yao Qiang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Hua-Li Xue
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China.
| | - Lan Yang
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Li-Dan Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Lu-Mei Pu
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Long
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Dov Prusky
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China; Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
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3
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Sánchez Muñoz S, Rocha Balbino T, Mier Alba E, Gonçalves Barbosa F, Tonet de Pier F, Lazuroz Moura de Almeida A, Helena Balan Zilla A, Antonio Fernandes Antunes F, Terán Hilares R, Balagurusamy N, César Dos Santos J, Silvério da Silva S. Surfactants in biorefineries: Role, challenges & perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126477. [PMID: 34864172 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) as feedstock has received increasing attention as an alternative to fossil-based refineries. Initial steps such as pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis are essential to breakdown the complex structure of LCB to make the sugar molecules available to obtain bioproducts by fermentation. However, these steps increase the cost of the bioproduct and often reduces its competitiveness against synthetic products. Currently, the use of surfactants has shown considerable potential to enhance lignocellulosic biomass processing. This review addresses the main mechanisms and role of surfactants as key molecules in various steps of biorefinery processes, viz., increasing the removal of lignin and hemicellulose during the pretreatments, increasing enzymatic stability and enhancing the accessibility of enzymes to the polymeric fractions, and improving the downstream process during fermentation. Further, technical advances, challenges in application of surfactants, and future perspectives to augment the production of several high value-added bioproducts have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Sánchez Muñoz
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Thércia Rocha Balbino
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Edith Mier Alba
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Gonçalves Barbosa
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Tonet de Pier
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Lazuroz Moura de Almeida
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Helena Balan Zilla
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Antonio Fernandes Antunes
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Ruly Terán Hilares
- Laboratório de Materiales, Universidad Católica de Santa María - UCSM. Urb. San José, San José s/n, Yanahuara, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Nagamani Balagurusamy
- Bioremediation laboratory. Faculty of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila (UA de C), Torreón Campus, 27000 Coah, México
| | - Júlio César Dos Santos
- Biopolymers, bioreactors, and process simulation laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvio Silvério da Silva
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil.
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4
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Chan KL, Ko CH, Chang KL, Leu SY. Construction of a structural enzyme adsorption/kinetics model to elucidate additives associated lignin-cellulase interactions in complex bioconversion system. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4065-4075. [PMID: 34245458 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis is a rate-limiting process in lignocellulose biorefinery. The reaction involves complex enzyme-substrate and enzyme-lignin interactions in both liquid and solid phases, and has not been well characterized numerically. In this study, a kinetic model was developed to incorporate dynamic enzyme adsorption and product inhibition parameters into hydrolysis simulation. The enzyme adsorption coefficients obtained from Langmuir isotherm were fed dynamically into first-order kinetics for simulating the equilibrium enzyme adsorption in hydrolysis. A fractal and product inhibition kinetics was introduced and successfully applied to improve the simulation accuracy on adsorbed enzyme and glucose concentrations at different enzyme loadings, lignin contents, and in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme. The model provided numerical proof quantifying the beneficial effects of both additives, which improved the hydrolysis rate by reducing the nonproductive adsorption of enzyme on lignin. The hydrolysis rate coefficient and fractal exponent both increased with increasing enzyme loadings, and lignin inhibition exhibited with increasing fractal exponent. Compared with BSA, the addition of lysozyme exhibited higher hydrolysis rates, which was reflected in the larger hydrolysis rate coefficients and smaller fractal exponents in the simulation. The model provides new insights to support process development, control, and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Lai Chan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Han Ko
- Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development (RISUD), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.,School of Forest and Resources Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Lin Chang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yuan Leu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.,Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development (RISUD), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
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5
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Wang YH, Bayatpour S, Qian X, Frigo-Vaz B, Wang P. Activated carbon fibers via reductive carbonization of cellulosic biomass for adsorption of nonpolar volatile organic compounds. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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6
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Baig KS. Interaction of enzymes with lignocellulosic materials: causes, mechanism and influencing factors. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-020-00310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractFor the production of biofuel (bioethanol), enzymatic adsorption onto a lignocellulosic biomass surface is a prior condition for the enzymatic hydrolysis process to occur. Lignocellulosic substances are mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The polysaccharide matrix (cellulose and hemicellulose) is capable of producing bioethanol. Therefore, lignin is removed or its concentration is reduced from the adsorption substrates by pretreatments. Selected enzymes are used for the production of reducing sugars from cellulosic materials, which in turn are converted to bioethanol. Adsorption of enzymes onto the substrate surface is a complicated process. A large number of research have been performed on the adsorption process, but little has been done to understand the mechanism of adsorption process. This article reviews the mechanisms of adsorption of enzymes onto the biomass surfaces. A conceptual adsorption mechanism is presented which will fill the gaps in literature and help researchers and industry to use adsorption more efficiently. The process of enzymatic adsorption starts with the reciprocal interplay of enzymes and substrates and ends with the establishment of molecular and cellular binding. The kinetics of an enzymatic reaction is almost the same as that of a characteristic chemical catalytic reaction. The influencing factors discussed in detail are: surface characteristics of the participating materials, the environmental factors, such as the associated flow conditions, temperature, concentration, etc. Pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials and optimum range of shear force and temperature for getting better results of adsorption are recommended.
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7
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The Effect of Thermomechanical Pretreatment on the Structure and Properties of Lignin-Rich Plant Biomass. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040995. [PMID: 32102256 PMCID: PMC7070663 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The cooperative thermomechanical properties of plant-derived polymers have been studied insufficiently, although this feedstock has a very high potential. In the present paper, we analyzed the changes in the structure and physicochemical properties of lignin-rich biomass induced by thermomechanical pretreatment. Low-temperature treatment allows one to retain the original supramolecular structure of the cell walls, while an appreciably high disintegration degree is reached. This increases the reactivity of the material in the subsequent heterogeneous reactions. Mechanical pretreatment at medium temperatures (10 °C), when almost all cell wall polymers except for low-molecular-weight lignin are in the glassy state, enhances the mobility of cell wall polymers and causes sufficient cellulose disordering, while the specific surface area is not significantly increased. High-temperature pretreatment of reed biomass is accompanied by pore formation and lignin release from the cell wall structure, which opens up new prospects for using this biomass as a matrix to produce core–shell-structured sorbents of heavy metals. The energy consumed by mechanochemical equipment for the activation of reed biomass was determined.
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8
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Li M, Guo C, Luo B, Chen C, Wang S, Min D. Comparing impacts of physicochemical properties and hydrolytic inhibitors on enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 43:111-122. [PMID: 31538235 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02209-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An autohydrolysis pretreatment with different conditions was applied to sugarcane bagasse to compare the impacts of the physicochemical properties and hydrolytic inhibitors on its enzymatic hydrolysis. The results indicate that the autohydrolysis conditions significantly affected the physicochemical properties and inhibitors, which further affected the enzymatic hydrolysis. The inhibitor amount, pore size, and crystallinity degree increased with increasing autohydrolysis severity. Furthermore, the enzymatic hydrolysis was enhanced with increasing severity owing to the removal of hemicellulose and lignin. The physicochemical obstruction impeded the enzymatic hydrolysis more than the inhibitors. The multivariate correlated component regression analysis enabled an evaluation of the correlations between the physicochemical properties (and inhibitors) and enzymatic hydrolysis for the first time. According to the results, an autohydrolysis with a severity of 4.01 is an ideal pretreatment for sugarcane bagasse for sugar production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfu Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyan Guo
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Luo
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Changzhou Chen
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangfei Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Douyong Min
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China. .,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Ong KL, Li C, Li X, Zhang Y, Xu J, Lin CSK. Co-fermentation of glucose and xylose from sugarcane bagasse into succinic acid by Yarrowia lipolytica. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Cai C, Jin Y, Pang Y, Ke Q, Qiu W, Qiu X, Qin Y, Lou H. Tracing cellulase components in hydrolyzate during the enzymatic hydrolysis of corncob residue and its analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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11
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Combined Ball Milling and Ethanol Organosolv Pretreatment to Improve the Enzymatic Digestibility of Three Types of Herbaceous Biomass. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en11092457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A combined ball milling and ethanol organosolv process is proposed for the pretreatment of three types of herbaceous biomass, giant miscanthus, corn stover, and wheat straw. The combined pretreatment was effective at both removing lignin and increasing the glucan content. After 120 min pretreatment, the glucan content increased to 63.09%, and 55.89% of the acid-insoluble lignin was removed from the giant miscanthus sample. The removal of cellulose, hemicellulose, and acetyl groups were correlated with the removal of lignin. The pretreatment of corn stover showed the highest removal of cellulose, but this was dependent on the removal of acid-insoluble lignin. The slope of the regression lines, which shows the correlation between the removal of lignin and cellulose, was lower than other correlations. The changes in biomass size were analyzed using size distribution graphs. With increasing pretreatment time, the particle size reduction improved in the three types of herbaceous biomass. Because of the combined physicochemical pretreatment, the enzymatic digestibility improved, and a maximum of 91% glucan digestibility was obtained from the pretreated corn stover when 30 FPU/g-glucan enzyme was added. Finally, compositional analysis of the recovered lignin from the remaining black liquor was investigated.
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12
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Kaur M, Kumar M, Sachdeva S, Puri SK. Aquatic weeds as the next generation feedstock for sustainable bioenergy production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 251:390-402. [PMID: 29254877 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing oil prices and depletion of existing fossil fuel reserves, combined with the continuous rise in greenhouse gas emissions, have fostered the need to explore and develop new renewable bioenergy feedstocks that do not require arable land and freshwater resources. In this regard, prolific biomass growth of invasive aquatic weeds in wastewater has gained much attention in recent years in utilizing them as a potential feedstock for bioenergy production. Aquatic weeds have an exceptionally higher reproduction rates and are rich in cellulose and hemicellulose with a very low lignin content that makes them an efficient next generation biofuel crop. Considering their potential as an effective phytoremediators, this review presents a model of integrated aquatic biomass production, phytoremediation and bioenergy generation to reduce the land, fresh water and fertilizer usage for sustainable and economical bioenergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Kaur
- Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Sector 43, Faridabad, Haryana 121004, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), R&D Centre, Sector 13, Faridabad 121007 Haryana, India.
| | - Sarita Sachdeva
- Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Sector 43, Faridabad, Haryana 121004, India
| | - S K Puri
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), R&D Centre, Sector 13, Faridabad 121007 Haryana, India
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Zanchetta A, Dos Santos ACF, Ximenes E, da Costa Carreira Nunes C, Boscolo M, Gomes E, Ladisch MR. Temperature dependent cellulase adsorption on lignin from sugarcane bagasse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 252:143-149. [PMID: 29316500 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Extents of adsorption of cellulolytic enzymes on lignin, derived from sugarcane bagasse, were an inverse function of incubation temperature and varied with type of lignin extraction. At 45 °C, lignin derived from acid hydrolyzed liquid hot water pretreated bagasse completely adsorbed cellulolytic enzymes from Trichoderma reesei within 90 min. Lignin derived from enzyme hydrolyzed liquid hot water pretreated bagasse adsorbed only 60% of T. reesei endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase activities. β-Glucosidase from Aspergillus niger was not adsorbed. At 30 °C, adsorption of all of the enzymes was minimal and enzyme hydrolysis at 30 °C approached that at 45 °C after 168 h. Hence, temperature provided an approach to decrease loss of enzyme activity by reducing enzyme adsorption on lignin. This helps to explain why simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and consolidated bioprocessing (CBP), both carried out at 30-32 °C, could offer viable options for mitigating lignin-derived inhibition effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Zanchetta
- Sao Paulo State University-Unesp, IBILCE, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Antonio Carlos Freitas Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Eduardo Ximenes
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Maurício Boscolo
- Sao Paulo State University-Unesp, IBILCE, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eleni Gomes
- Sao Paulo State University-Unesp, IBILCE, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michael R Ladisch
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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14
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Yoav S, Salame TM, Feldman D, Levinson D, Ioelovich M, Morag E, Yarden O, Bayer EA, Hadar Y. Effects of cre1 modification in the white-rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus PC9: altering substrate preference during biological pretreatment. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:212. [PMID: 30065786 PMCID: PMC6062969 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1209-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the process of bioethanol production, cellulose is hydrolyzed into its monomeric soluble units. For efficient hydrolysis, a chemical and/or mechanical pretreatment step is required. Such pretreatment is designed to increase enzymatic digestibility of the cellulose chains inter alia by de-crystallization of the cellulose chains and by removing barriers, such as lignin from the plant cell wall. Biological pretreatment, in which lignin is decomposed or modified by white-rot fungi, has also been considered. One disadvantage in biological pretreatment, however, is the consumption of the cellulose by the fungus. Thus, fungal species that attack lignin with only minimal cellulose loss are advantageous. The secretomes of white-rot fungi contain carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) including lignin-modifying enzymes. Thus, modification of secretome composition can alter the ratio of lignin/cellulose degradation. RESULTS Pleurotus ostreatus PC9 was genetically modified to either overexpress or eliminate (by gene replacement) the transcriptional regulator CRE1, known to act as a repressor in the process of carbon catabolite repression. The cre1-overexpressing transformant demonstrated lower secreted cellulolytic activity and slightly increased selectivity (based on the chemical composition of pretreated wheat straw), whereas the knockout transformant demonstrated increased cellulolytic activity and significantly reduced residual cellulose, thereby displaying lower selectivity. Pretreatment of wheat straw using the wild-type PC9 resulted in 2.8-fold higher yields of soluble sugar compared to untreated wheat straw. The overexpression transformant showed similar yields (2.6-fold), but the knockout transformant exhibited lower yields (1.2-fold) of soluble sugar. Based on proteomic secretome analysis, production of numerous CAZymes was affected by modification of the expression level of cre1. CONCLUSIONS The gene cre1 functions as a regulator for expression of fungal CAZymes active against plant cell wall lignocelluloses, hence altering the substrate preference of the fungi tested. While the cre1 knockout resulted in a less efficient biological pretreatment, i.e., less saccharification of the treated biomass, the converse manipulation of cre1 (overexpression) failed to improve efficiency. Despite the inverse nature of the two genetic alterations, the expected "mirror image" (i.e., opposite regulatory response) was not observed, indicating that the secretion level of CAZymes, was not exclusively dependent on CRE1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Yoav
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100 Israel
| | - Tomer M. Salame
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100 Israel
| | - Daria Feldman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100 Israel
| | - Dana Levinson
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100 Israel
| | | | - Ely Morag
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100 Israel
| | - Oded Yarden
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100 Israel
| | - Edward A. Bayer
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100 Israel
| | - Yitzhak Hadar
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100 Israel
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15
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Yao L, Yang H, Yoo CG, Meng X, Li M, Pu Y, Ragauskas AJ, Sykes RW. Adsorption of cellobiohydrolases I onto lignin fractions from dilute acid pretreated Broussonetia papyrifera. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:957-962. [PMID: 28847086 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Broussonetia papyrifera, known as paper mulberry, is a potential feed stock for bioethanol production because of its cellulose-rich composition. Lignin in dilute acid pretreated Broussonetia papyrifera was fractionated to three different fractions, and their physiochemical properties were determined by FT-IR, GPC and NMR analyses. Different structural characteristics were observed from each lignin fraction. Cellobiohydrolases I (CBH) adsorption to each lignin was understood by the lignin properties. The results showed that aliphatic hydroxyl groups in lignin showed positive correlations with the maximum binding ability of CBH onto lignin samples. Also, the contents of phenolic compounds such as p-hydroxyphenyl benzoate (PB), syringyl (S) and guaiacyl (G) units in the lignin influenced their CBH binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yao
- School of Pulp & Paper Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA
| | - Haitao Yang
- School of Pulp & Paper Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Chang Geun Yoo
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Xianzhi Meng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA
| | - Mi Li
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Yunqiao Pu
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Arthur J Ragauskas
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA; Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, Center of Renewable Carbon, The University of Tennessee, Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA.
| | - Robert W Sykes
- National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
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16
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Enzymatic in situ saccharification of sugarcane bagasse pretreated with low loading of alkalic salts Na 2 SO 3 /Na 3 PO 4 by autoclaving. J Biotechnol 2017; 259:73-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Li X, Zheng Y. Lignin-enzyme interaction: Mechanism, mitigation approach, modeling, and research prospects. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:466-489. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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18
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Goshadrou A, Lefsrud M. Synergistic surfactant-assisted [EMIM]OAc pretreatment of lignocellulosic waste for enhanced cellulose accessibility to cellulase. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 166:104-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Birhade S, Pednekar M, Sagwal S, Odaneth A, Lali A. Preparation of cellulase concoction using differential adsorption phenomenon. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 47:520-529. [PMID: 28045609 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2016.1275009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Controlled depolymerization of cellulose is essential for the production of valuable cellooligosaccharides and cellobiose from lignocellulosic biomass. However, enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis involves multiple synergistically acting enzymes, making difficult to control the depolymerization process and generate desired product. This work exploits the varying adsorption properties of the cellulase components to the cellulosic substrate and aims to control the enzyme activity. Cellulase adsorption was favored on pretreated cellulosic biomass as compared to synthetic cellulose. Preferential adsorption of exocellulases was observed over endocellulase, while β-glucosidases remained unadsorbed. Adsorbed enzyme fraction with bound exocellulases when used for hydrolysis generated cellobiose predominantly, while the unadsorbed enzymes in the liquid fraction produced cellooligosaccharides majorly, owing to its high endocellulases activity. Thus, the differential adsorption phenomenon of the cellulase components can be used for the controlling cellulose hydrolysis for the production of an array of sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachinkumar Birhade
- a DBT-ICT Centre of Energy Biosciences , Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parikh Marg, Matunga , Mumbai , Maharashtra , India
| | - Mukesh Pednekar
- a DBT-ICT Centre of Energy Biosciences , Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parikh Marg, Matunga , Mumbai , Maharashtra , India
| | - Shilpa Sagwal
- a DBT-ICT Centre of Energy Biosciences , Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parikh Marg, Matunga , Mumbai , Maharashtra , India
| | - Annamma Odaneth
- a DBT-ICT Centre of Energy Biosciences , Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parikh Marg, Matunga , Mumbai , Maharashtra , India
| | - Arvind Lali
- a DBT-ICT Centre of Energy Biosciences , Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parikh Marg, Matunga , Mumbai , Maharashtra , India
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20
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Talukder MMR, Goh HY, Puah SM. Interaction of silica with cellulase and minimization of its inhibitory effect on cellulose hydrolysis. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Structural Changes of Lignin after Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment and Its Effect on the Enzymatic Hydrolysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:8568604. [PMID: 27563678 PMCID: PMC4987466 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8568604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
During liquid hot water (LHW) pretreatment, lignin is mostly retained in the pretreated biomass, and the changes in the chemical and structural characteristics of lignin should probably refer to re-/depolymerization, solubilization, or glass transition. The residual lignin could influence the effective enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. The pure lignin was used to evaluate the effect of LHW process on its structural and chemical features. The surface morphology of LHW-treated lignin observed with the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was more porous and irregular than that of untreated lignin. Compared to the untreated lignin, the surface area, total pore volume, and average pore size of LHW-treated lignin tested with the Brunner-Emmet-Teller (BET) measurement were increased. FTIR analysis showed that the chemical structure of lignin was broken down in the LHW process. Additionally, the impact of untreated and treated lignin on the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose was also explored. The LHW-treated lignin had little impact on the cellulase adsorption and enzyme activities and somehow could improve the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose.
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22
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Karimi K, Taherzadeh MJ. A critical review on analysis in pretreatment of lignocelluloses: Degree of polymerization, adsorption/desorption, and accessibility. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 203:348-56. [PMID: 26778166 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The pretreatment of lignocelluloses results in changes in the different properties of these materials. In a recent review (Karimi and Taherzadeh, 2016), the details of compositional, imaging, and crystallinity analyses of lignocelluloses were reviewed and critically discussed. Changes in the cellulose degree of polymerization, accessibility, and enzyme adsorption/desorption by pretreatments are also among the effective parameters. This paper deals with the measurement techniques, modifications, and relation to bioconversions, as well as the challenges of these three properties. These analyses are very helpful to investigate the pretreatment processes; however, the pretreatments are very complicated and challenging processes. It is not easily possible to study the effects of only one of these parameters and even to find which one is the dominant one. Moreover, it is not possible to accurately predict the changes in the bioconversion yield using these methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keikhosro Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Industrial Biotechnology Group, Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
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23
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Lu Q, Kim Y, Bassim N, Raman N, Collins GE. Catalytic activity and thermal stability of horseradish peroxidase encapsulated in self-assembled organic nanotubes. Analyst 2016; 141:2191-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an02655e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The confined nanospace of organic nanotubes protects enzymes against thermal denaturation and preserves catalytic activity following prolonged elevated temperature exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Lu
- Naval Research Laboratory
- Chemistry Division
- Washington
- USA
| | - Youngchan Kim
- Naval Research Laboratory
- Center for Computational Materials Science
- Washington
- USA
| | - Nabil Bassim
- Naval Research Laboratory
- Materials Science and Technology Division
- Washington
- USA
| | - Nisha Raman
- Naval Research Laboratory
- Chemistry Division
- Washington
- USA
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24
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Glaser R. Enzyme-based lignocellulose hydrolyzation—Sauter mean diameter of raw materials as a basis for cellulase performance characterization and yield prediction. J Biotechnol 2015; 214:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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25
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Wang W, Zhuang X, Yuan Z, Yu Q, Qi W. Investigation of the pellets produced from sugarcane bagasse during liquid hot water pretreatment and their impact on the enzymatic hydrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 190:7-12. [PMID: 25916262 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the process of liquid hot water (LHW) pretreatment, there are numbers of pellets formed on the lignocellulosic surface. The characteristics and effect of pellets on the enzymatic hydrolysis of LHW-treated sugarcane bagasse (SCB) were investigated. After SCB was treated with LHW at 180°C, the pellets deposited on the surface of solid residues were extracted gently with 1% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. They were composed of 81.0% lignin, 7.0% glucan, and 3.2% xylan. The LHW pretreatment solution (PS) was sprayed to the filter paper, and the pellets were observed on its surface. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data showed that lignin was also the main component of the PS pellets. The effect of the pellets on enzymatic hydrolysis was chiefly attributed to the steric hindrance, not the cellulase adsorption. The structural characteristics of LHW-treated SCB might play a more important role in influencing the enzymatic hydrolysis than the pellets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xinshu Zhuang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhenhong Yuan
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Qiang Yu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wei Qi
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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26
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Fu L, McCallum SA, Miao J, Hart C, Tudryn GJ, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ. Rapid and accurate determination of the lignin content of lignocellulosic biomass by solid-state NMR. FUEL (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 141:39-45. [PMID: 25404762 PMCID: PMC4231538 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2014.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Biofuels and biomaterials, produced from lignocellulosic feedstock, require facile access to cellulose and hemicellulose to be competitive with petroleum processing and sugar-based fermentation. Physical-chemical barriers resulting from lignin complicates the hydrolysis biomass into fermentable sugars. Thus, the amount of lignin within a substrate is critical in determining biomass processing. The application of 13C cross-polarization, magic-angle spinning, and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance for the direct quantification of lignin content in biomass is examined. Using a standard curve constructed from pristine lignin and cellulose, the lignin content of a biomass sample is accurately determined through direct measurement without chemical or enzymatic pre-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fu
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - Scott A. McCallum
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - Jianjun Miao
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - Courtney Hart
- Ecovative Design, LLC, 70 Cohoes Ave, Green Island, New York 12183, USA
| | - Gregory J. Tudryn
- Ecovative Design, LLC, 70 Cohoes Ave, Green Island, New York 12183, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biology and Biomedical Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 518 276 3404; fax: +0-1 518 276 (R. Linhardt)
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27
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Machado DL, Moreira Neto J, da Cruz Pradella JG, Bonomi A, Rabelo SC, da Costa AC. Adsorption characteristics of cellulase and β-glucosidase on Avicel, pretreated sugarcane bagasse, and lignin. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 62:681-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Longo Machado
- Laboratory of Fermentative and Enzymatic Process Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas; Campinas SP Brazil
| | - João Moreira Neto
- Laboratory of Fermentative and Enzymatic Process Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas; Campinas SP Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Bonomi
- Laboratory of Fermentative and Enzymatic Process Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas; Campinas SP Brazil
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE)--CTBE/CNPEM; Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Sarita Cândida Rabelo
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE)--CTBE/CNPEM; Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Aline Carvalho da Costa
- Laboratory of Fermentative and Enzymatic Process Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas; Campinas SP Brazil
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28
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Visser EM, Leal TF, de Almeida MN, Guimarães VM. Increased enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse from enzyme recycling. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2015; 8:5. [PMID: 25642284 PMCID: PMC4311420 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-014-0185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of efficient methods for production of renewable fuels from lignocellulosic biomass is necessary to maximize yields and reduce operating costs. One of the main challenges to industrial application of the lignocellulosic conversion process is the high costs of cellulolytic enzymes. Recycling of enzymes may present a potential solution to alleviate this problem. In the present study enzymes associated with the insoluble fraction were recycled after enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated sugarcane bagasse, utilizing different processing conditions, enzyme loadings, and solid loadings. RESULTS It was found that the enzyme blend from Chrysoporthe cubensis and Penicillium pinophilum was efficient for enzymatic hydrolysis and that a significant portion of enzyme activity could be recovered upon recycling of the insoluble fraction. Enzyme productivity values (g glucose/mg enzyme protein) over all recycle periods were 2.4 and 3.7 for application of 15 and 30 FPU/g of glucan, representing an increase in excess of ten times that obtained in a batch process with the same enzyme blend and an even greater increase compared to commercial cellulase enzymes. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to what may be expected, increasing lignin concentrations throughout the recycle period did not negatively influence hydrolysis efficiency, but conversion efficiencies continuously improved. Recycling of the entire insoluble solids fraction was sufficient for recycling of adhered enzymes together with biomass, indicative of an effective method to increase enzyme productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Michael Visser
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | - Tiago Ferreira Leal
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | - Maíra Nicolau de Almeida
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | - Valéria Monteze Guimarães
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG Brazil
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29
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Kang Y, Realff MJ, Sohn M, Lee JH, Bommarius AS. An effective chemical pretreatment method for lignocellulosic biomass with substituted imidazoles. Biotechnol Prog 2014; 31:25-34. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Kang
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Inst. of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332
| | - Matthew J. Realff
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Inst. of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332
| | - Minjeong Sohn
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Inst. of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Korean Advanced Inst. of Science and Technology; Daejeon South Korea
| | - Jay H. Lee
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Inst. of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Korean Advanced Inst. of Science and Technology; Daejeon South Korea
| | - Andreas S. Bommarius
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Georgia Inst. of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Georgia Inst. of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332
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30
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Bu L, Tang Y, Xing Y, Zhang W, Shang X, Jiang J. Comparison of hydrophilic variation and bioethanol production of furfural residues after delignification pretreatment. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 78:1435-43. [PMID: 25130750 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.921556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Furfural residue (FR) is a waste lignocellulosic material with enormous potential for bioethanol production. In this study, bioethanol production from FR after delignification was compared. Hydrophilic variation was measured by conductometric titration to detect the relationship between hydrophilicity and bioethanol production. It was found that ethanol yield increased as delignification enhanced, and it reached up to 75.6% of theoretical yield for samples with 8.7% lignin. The amount of by-products decreased as delignification increased. New inflection points appeared in conductometric titration curves of samples that were partially delignified, but they vanished in the curves of the highly delignified samples. Total charges and carboxyl levels increased after slight delignification, and they decreased upon further delignification. These phenomena suggested some new hydrophilic groups were formed during pretreated delignification, which would be beneficial to enzymatic hydrolysis. However, some newly formed groups may act as toxicant to the yeast during simultaneous saccharification and fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxi Bu
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing , China
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31
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Pareek N, Gillgren T, Jönsson LJ. Adsorption of proteins involved in hydrolysis of lignocellulose on lignins and hemicelluloses. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 148:70-7. [PMID: 24045193 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Protein adsorption onto eight lignocellulosic substances (six lignin preparations and two hemicelluloses) was investigated at pH 4.8 and at two different temperatures (4°C and 45°C). The kinetics of the adsorption of cellulase, xylanase, and β-glucosidase were determined by enzyme activity measurements. The maximum adsorption capacities, the affinity constants and the binding strengths varied widely and were typically higher for the lignins than for the carbohydrates. As indicated by BET and gel permeation chromatography, different substances had widely different surface area, pore size, weight average molecular weight, and polydispersity index, but these properties were difficult to relate to protein binding. In most cases, an increase in temperature from 4°C to 45°C and a low content of carboxylic acid groups, as indicated by Fourier-Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy, resulted in increased protein adsorption capacity, which suggests that hydrophobic interactions play an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Pareek
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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