1
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Challagulla A, Jenkins KA, O'Neil TE, Morris KR, Wise TG, Tizard ML, Bean AGD, Schat KA, Doran TJ. Germline engineering of the chicken genome using CRISPR/Cas9 by in vivo transfection of PGCs. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:775-784. [PMID: 32707002 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1789869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Development of simple and readily adoptable methods to mediate germline engineering of the chicken genome will have many applications in research, agriculture and industrial biotechnology. We report germline targeting of the endogenous chicken Interferon Alpha and Beta Receptor Subunit 1 (IFNAR1) gene by in vivo transgenic expression of the high-fidelity Cas9 (Cas9-HF1) and guide RNAs (gRNAs) in chickens. First, we developed a Tol2 transposon vector carrying Cas9-HF1, IFNAR1-gRNAs (IF-gRNAs) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenes (pTgRCG) and validated in chicken fibroblast DF1 cells. Next, the pTgRCG plasmid was directly injected into the dorsal aorta of embryonic day (ED) 2.5 chicken embryos targeting the circulating primordial germ cells (PGCs). The resulting chimera roosters generated a fully transgenic generation 1 (G1) hen with constitutive expression of Cas9-HF1 and IF-gRNAs (G1_Tol2-Cas9/IF-gRNA). We detected a spectrum of indels at gRNA-targeted loci in the G1_Tol2-Cas9/IF-gRNA hen and the indels were stably inherited by the G2 progeny. Breeding of the G1_Tol2-Cas9/IF-gRNA hen resulted in up to 10% transgene-free heterozygote IFNAR1 mutants, following null-segregation of the Tol2 insert. The method described here will provide new opportunities for genome editing in chicken and other avian species that lack PGC culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Challagulla
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kristie A Jenkins
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia
| | - Terri E O'Neil
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kirsten R Morris
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia
| | - Terry G Wise
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia
| | - Mark L Tizard
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia
| | - Andrew G D Bean
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia
| | - Karel A Schat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Timothy J Doran
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Australia
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2
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Ibrahim M, Stadnicka K. The science of genetically modified poultry. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The exuberant development of targeted genome editing has revolutionized research on the chicken genome, generating chickens with beneficial parameters. The chicken model is a crucial experimental tool that can be utilized for drug manufacture, preclinical research, pathological observation, and other applications. In essence, tweaking the chicken’s genome has enabled the poultry industry to get more done with less, generating genetically modified chickens that lay eggs containing large amounts of lifesaving humanized drugs. The transition of gene editing from concept to practical application has been dramatically hastened by the development of programmable nucleases, bringing scientists closer than ever to the efficient producers of tomorrow’s medicines. Combining the developmental and physiological characteristics of the chicken with cutting-edge genome editing, the chicken furnishes a potent frontier that is foreseen to be actively pursued in the future. Herein we review the current and future prospects of gene editing in chickens and the contributions to the development of humanized pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ibrahim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics , PBS University of Science and Technology , 85-084 Bydgoszcz , Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stadnicka
- Department of Oncology , Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University , 85-821 Bydgoszcz , Poland
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3
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Dehdilani N, Taemeh SY, Goshayeshi L, Dehghani H. Genetically engineered birds; pre-CRISPR and CRISPR era. Biol Reprod 2021; 106:24-46. [PMID: 34668968 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Generating biopharmaceuticals in genetically engineered bioreactors continues to reign supreme. Hence, genetically engineered birds have attracted considerable attention from the biopharmaceutical industry. Fairly recent genome engineering methods have made genome manipulation an easy and affordable task. In this review, we first provide a broad overview of the approaches and main impediments ahead of generating efficient and reliable genetically engineered birds, and various factors that affect the fate of a transgene. This section provides an essential background for the rest of the review, in which we discuss and compare different genome manipulation methods in the pre-CRISPR and CRISPR era in the field of avian genome engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Dehdilani
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Yousefi Taemeh
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lena Goshayeshi
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hesam Dehghani
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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4
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Abstract
For more than 2000 years, the avian embryo has helped scientists understand questions of developmental and cell biology. As early as 350 BC Aristotle described embryonic development inside a chicken egg (Aristotle, Generation of animals. Loeb Classical Library (translated), vol. 8, 1943). In the seventeenth century, Marcello Malpighi, referred to as the father of embryology, first diagramed the microscopic morphogenesis of the chick embryo, including extensive characterization of the cardiovascular system (Pearce Eur Neurol 58(4):253-255, 2007; West, Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 304(6):L383-L390, 2016). The ease of accessibility to the embryo and similarity to mammalian development have made avians a powerful system among model organisms. Currently, a unique combination of classical and modern techniques is employed for investigation of the vascular system in the avian embryo. Here, we will introduce the essential techniques of embryonic manipulation for experimental study in vascular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Asai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michael Bressan
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Takashi Mikawa
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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5
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Chu D, Nguyen A, Smith SS, Vavrušová Z, Schneider RA. Stable integration of an optimized inducible promoter system enables spatiotemporal control of gene expression throughout avian development. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio055343. [PMID: 32917762 PMCID: PMC7561481 DOI: 10.1242/bio.055343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Precisely altering gene expression is critical for understanding molecular processes of embryogenesis. Although some tools exist for transgene misexpression in developing chick embryos, we have refined and advanced them by simplifying and optimizing constructs for spatiotemporal control. To maintain expression over the entire course of embryonic development we use an enhanced piggyBac transposon system that efficiently integrates sequences into the host genome. We also incorporate a DNA targeting sequence to direct plasmid translocation into the nucleus and a D4Z4 insulator sequence to prevent epigenetic silencing. We designed these constructs to minimize their size and maximize cellular uptake, and to simplify usage by placing all of the integrating sequences on a single plasmid. Following electroporation of stage HH8.5 embryos, our tetracycline-inducible promoter construct produces robust transgene expression in the presence of doxycycline at any point during embryonic development in ovo or in culture. Moreover, expression levels can be modulated by titrating doxycycline concentrations and spatial control can be achieved using beads or gels. Thus, we have generated a novel, sensitive, tunable, and stable inducible-promoter system for high-resolution gene manipulation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, S-1164, San Francisco, CA 94143-0514, USA
| | - An Nguyen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, S-1164, San Francisco, CA 94143-0514, USA
| | - Spenser S Smith
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, S-1164, San Francisco, CA 94143-0514, USA
| | - Zuzana Vavrušová
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, S-1164, San Francisco, CA 94143-0514, USA
| | - Richard A Schneider
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, S-1164, San Francisco, CA 94143-0514, USA
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6
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Goudy J, Henley T, Méndez HG, Bressan M. Simplified platform for mosaic in vivo analysis of cellular maturation in the developing heart. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10716. [PMID: 31341189 PMCID: PMC6656758 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47009-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac cells develop within an elaborate electro-mechanical syncytium that continuously generates and reacts to biophysical force. The complexity of the cellular interactions, hemodynamic stresses, and electrical circuitry within the forming heart present significant challenges for mechanistic research into the cellular dynamics of cardiomyocyte maturation. Simply stated, it is prohibitively difficult to replicate the native electro-mechanical cardiac microenvironment in tissue culture systems favorable to high-resolution cellular/subcellular analysis, and current transgenic models of higher vertebrate heart development are limited in their ability to manipulate and assay the behavior of individual cells. As such, cardiac research currently lacks a simple experimental platform for real-time evaluation of cellular function under conditions that replicate native development. Here we report the design and validation of a rapid, low-cost system for stable in vivo somatic transgenesis that allows for individual cells to be genetically manipulated, tracked, and examined at subcellular resolution within the forming four-chambered heart. This experimental platform has several advantages over current technologies, chief among these being that mosaic cellular perturbations can be conducted without globally altering cardiac function. Consequently, direct analysis of cellular behavior can be interrogated in the absence of the organ level adaptions that often confound data interpretation in germline transgenic model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Goudy
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.,McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Trevor Henley
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.,McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Hernán G Méndez
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Michael Bressan
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA. .,McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
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7
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Wang ZB, Du ZQ, Na W, Jing JH, Li YM, Leng L, Luan P, Wu CY, Zhang K, Wang YX, Liu WL, Yuan H, Liu ZH, Mu YS, Meng QW, Wang N, Yang CX, Li H. Production of transgenic broilers by non-viral vectors via optimizing egg windowing and screening transgenic roosters. Poult Sci 2019; 98:430-439. [PMID: 30085302 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of transgenic chickens is of both biomedical and agricultural significance, and recently chicken transgenesis technology has been greatly advanced. However, major issues still exist in the efficient production of transgenic chickens. This study was designed to optimize the production of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP)-transgenic broilers, including egg windowing at the blunt end (air cell) of egg, and the direct transfection of circulating primordial germ cells by microinjection of the Tol2 plasmid-liposome complex into the early embryonic dorsal aorta. For egg windowing, we discovered that proper manipulation of the inner shell membrane at the blunt end could improve the rate of producing G0 transgenic roosters. From 27 G0 roosters, we successfully collected semen with EGFP-positive sperms from 16 and 19 roosters after direct fluorescence observation and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses (13 detected by both methods), respectively. After artificial insemination using the G0 rooster with the highest number of EGFP fluorescent sperm, one G1 EGFP transgenic broiler (1/81, 1.23%) was generated. Our results indicate that appropriate egg windowing and screening of potentially transgene-positive roosters can improve the production of germline-transmitted transgenic birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Du
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Na
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jun-Hong Jing
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu-Mao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Leng
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Peng Luan
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chun-Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wen-Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Liu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan-Shuang Mu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qing-Wen Meng
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Cai-Xia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
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8
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Thomas K, Goudy J, Henley T, Bressan M. Optical Electrophysiology in the Developing Heart. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:E28. [PMID: 29751595 PMCID: PMC6023508 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart is the first organ system to form in the embryo. Over the course of development, cardiomyocytes with differing morphogenetic, molecular, and physiological characteristics are specified and differentiate and integrate with one another to assemble a coordinated electromechanical pumping system that can function independently of any external stimulus. As congenital malformation of the heart presents the leading class of birth defects seen in humans, the molecular genetics of heart development have garnered much attention over the last half century. However, understanding how genetic perturbations manifest at the level of the individual cell function remains challenging to investigate. Some of the barriers that have limited our capacity to construct high-resolution, comprehensive models of cardiac physiological maturation are rapidly being removed by advancements in the reagents and instrumentation available for high-speed live imaging. In this review, we briefly introduce the history of imaging approaches for assessing cardiac development, describe some of the reagents and tools required to perform live imaging in the developing heart, and discuss how the combination of modern imaging modalities and physiological probes can be used to scale from subcellular to whole-organ analysis. Through these types of imaging approaches, critical insights into the processes of cardiac physiological development can be directly examined in real-time. Moving forward, the synthesis of modern molecular biology and imaging approaches will open novel avenues to investigate the mechanisms of cardiomyocyte maturation, providing insight into the etiology of congenital heart defects, as well as serving to direct approaches for designing stem-cell or regenerative medicine protocols for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandace Thomas
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Julie Goudy
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Trevor Henley
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Michael Bressan
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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9
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Woodcock ME, Idoko-Akoh A, McGrew MJ. Gene editing in birds takes flight. Mamm Genome 2017; 28:315-323. [PMID: 28612238 PMCID: PMC5569130 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-017-9701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The application of gene editing (GE) technology to create precise changes to the genome of bird species will provide new and exciting opportunities for the biomedical, agricultural and biotechnology industries, as well as providing new approaches for producing research models. Recent advances in modifying both the somatic and germ cell lineages in chicken indicate that this species, and conceivably soon other avian species, has joined a growing number of model organisms in the gene editing revolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Woodcock
- The Roslin Institute and Royal Dick School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
| | - Alewo Idoko-Akoh
- The Roslin Institute and Royal Dick School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Michael J McGrew
- The Roslin Institute and Royal Dick School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
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10
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Chen RT, Jiao P, Liu Z, Lu Y, Xin HH, Zhang DP, Miao YG. Role of BmDredd during Apoptosis of Silk Gland in Silkworm, Bombyx mori. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169404. [PMID: 28068357 PMCID: PMC5222620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Silk glands (SGs) undergo massive apoptosis driven degeneration during the larval-pupal transformation. To better understand this event on molecular level, we investigated the expression of apoptosis-related genes across the developmental transition period that spans day 4 in the fifth instar Bombyx mori larvae to day 2 pupae. Increases in the expression of BmDredd (an initiator caspase homolog) closely followed the highest BmEcR expression and resembled the expression trend of BmIcE. Simultaneously, we found that BmDredd expression was significantly higher in SG compared to other tissues at 18 h post-spinning, but reduced following injection of the apoptosis inhibitor (Z-DEVD-fmk). Furthermore, BmDredd expression correlated with changes of caspase3-like activities in SG and RNAi-mediated knockdown of BmDredd delayed SG apoptosis. Moreover, caspase3-like activity was increased in SG by overexpression of BmDredd. Taken together, the results suggest that BmDredd plays a critical role in SG apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-ting Chen
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Jiao
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lu
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu-hu Xin
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Deng-pan Zhang
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-gen Miao
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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11
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Yao H, Fan R, Zhao X, Zhao W, Liu W, Yang J, Sattar H, Zhao J, Zhang Z, Xu S. Selenoprotein W redox-regulated Ca2+ channels correlate with selenium deficiency-induced muscles Ca2+ leak. Oncotarget 2016; 7:57618-57632. [PMID: 27557522 PMCID: PMC5295377 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) deficiency induces Ca2+ leak and calcification in mammal skeletal muscles; however, the exact mechanism is still unclear. In the present study, both Se-deficient chicken muscle models and selenoprotein W (SelW) gene knockdown myoblast and embryo models were used to study the mechanism. The results showed that Se deficiency-induced typical muscular injuries accompanied with Ca2+ leak and oxidative stress (P < 0.05) injured the ultrastructure of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and mitochondria; decreased the levels of the Ca2+ channels, SERCA, SLC8A, CACNA1S, ORAI1, STIM1, TRPC1, and TRPC3 (P < 0.05); and increased the levels of Ca2+ channel PMCA (P < 0.05). Similarly, SelW knockdown also induced Ca2+ leak from the SR and cytoplasm; increased mitochondrial Ca2+ levels and oxidative stress; injured SR and mitochondrial ultrastructure; decreased levels of SLC8A, CACNA1S, ORA1, TRPC1, and TRPC3; and caused abnormal activities of Ca2+ channels in response to inhibitors in myoblasts and chicken embryos. Thus, both Se deficiency and SelW knockdown induced Ca2+ leak, oxidative stress, and Ca2+ channel reduction. In addition, Ca2+ levels and the expression of the Ca2+ channels, RyR1, SERCA, CACNA1S, TRPC1, and TRPC3 were recovered to normal levels by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) treatment compared with SelW knockdown cells. Thus, with regard to the decreased Ca2+ channels, SelW knockdown closely correlated Se deficiency with Ca2+ leak in muscles. The redox regulation role of SelW is crucial in Se deficiency-induced Ca2+ leak in muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Yao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Ruifeng Fan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Wenchao Zhao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Hamid Sattar
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Jinxin Zhao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
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Dimitrov L, Pedersen D, Ching KH, Yi H, Collarini EJ, Izquierdo S, van de Lavoir MC, Leighton PA. Germline Gene Editing in Chickens by Efficient CRISPR-Mediated Homologous Recombination in Primordial Germ Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154303. [PMID: 27099923 PMCID: PMC4839619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 system has been applied in a large number of animal and plant species for genome editing. In chickens, CRISPR has been used to knockout genes in somatic tissues, but no CRISPR-mediated germline modification has yet been reported. Here we use CRISPR to target the chicken immunoglobulin heavy chain locus in primordial germ cells (PGCs) to produce transgenic progeny. Guide RNAs were co-transfected with a donor vector for homology-directed repair of the double-strand break, and clonal populations were selected. All of the resulting drug-resistant clones contained the correct targeting event. The targeted cells gave rise to healthy progeny containing the CRISPR-targeted locus. The results show that gene-edited chickens can be obtained by modifying PGCs in vitro with the CRISPR/Cas9 system, opening up many potential applications for efficient genetic modification in birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazar Dimitrov
- Crystal Bioscience, Inc., Emeryville, California, United States of America
| | - Darlene Pedersen
- Crystal Bioscience, Inc., Emeryville, California, United States of America
| | - Kathryn H. Ching
- Crystal Bioscience, Inc., Emeryville, California, United States of America
| | - Henry Yi
- Crystal Bioscience, Inc., Emeryville, California, United States of America
| | - Ellen J. Collarini
- Crystal Bioscience, Inc., Emeryville, California, United States of America
| | - Shelley Izquierdo
- Crystal Bioscience, Inc., Emeryville, California, United States of America
| | | | - Philip A. Leighton
- Crystal Bioscience, Inc., Emeryville, California, United States of America
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Rose AH, Hoffmann FW, Hara JH, Urschitz J, Moisyadi S, Hoffmann PR, Bertino P. Adjuvants may reduce in vivo transfection levels for DNA vaccination in mice leading to reduced antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 11:2305-11. [PMID: 26091088 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1047567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adjuvants for DNA vaccination are designed to promote transformation of transgenes into target cells and increase inflammation in the site of injection, with resultant immune cell recruitment. Numerous studies indicated cationic liposomes as effective adjuvants for DNA vaccination due to their ability to promote in vivo transfection and innate immune system activation. Commercial reagents as Adjuplex and in vivo-JetPEI are also intended to facilitate DNA vaccination. Here, we evaluate the adjuvant properties of cationic liposomes, Adjuplex and in vivo-JetPEI compared to injection of DNA without adjuvant. In mice vaccinated with piggyBac pDNA vaccines, we assessed in vivo antigen expression, innate immune responses in draining lymph nodes, and antigen-specific T cell responses in spleens and blood. Surprisingly, vaccination with DNA in PBS emerged as the most efficient in promoting in vivo transfection and consequent antigen expression, while the addition of adjuvant reduced the amount of antigen expressed. On the other hand, we discovered higher numbers of innate immune cells and activated dendritic cells in the lymph nodes of mice injected with adjuvants than those vaccinated in PBS. The analysis of eGFP-specific immune responses revealed that all the different immunizations induced functional antigen-specific T cells in spleens, although only T cells generated by non-adjuvant vaccination and Adjuplex were identified in the blood of vaccinated mice. These results provide insight into the effects of these 3 adjuvants and may facilitate appropriate use off adjuvants by researchers using DNA vaccines in laboratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron H Rose
- a Department of Cell and Molecular Biology ; John A. Burns School of Medicine; University of Hawaii ; Honolulu , HI USA
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14
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Characterization and cardiac differentiation of chicken spermatogonial stem cells. Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 151:244-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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