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Sorochan Armstrong MD, Arredondo Campos OR, Bannon CC, de la Mata AP, Case RJ, Harynuk JJ. Global metabolome analysis of Dunaliella tertiolecta, Phaeobacter italicus R11 Co-cultures using thermal desorption - Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography - Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TD-GC×GC-TOFMS). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 195:113052. [PMID: 34968885 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.113052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dunaliella tertiolecta is a marine microalgae that has been studied extensively as a potential carbon-neutral biofuel source (Tang et al., 2011). Microalgae oil contains high quantities of energy-rich fatty acids and lipids, but is not yet commercially viable as an alternative fuel. Carefully optimised growth conditions, and more recently, algal-bacterial co-cultures have been explored as a way of improving the yield of D. tertiolecta microalgae oils. The relationship between the host microalgae and bacterial co-cultures is currently poorly understood. Here, a complete workflow is proposed to analyse the global metabolomic profile of co-cultured D. tertiolectra and Phaeobacter italicus R11, which will enable researchers to explore the chemical nature of this relationship in more detail. To the best of the authors' knowledge this study is one of the first of its kind, in which a pipeline for an entirely untargeted analysis of the algal metabolome is proposed using a practical sample preparation, introduction, and data analysis routine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - O René Arredondo Campos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr NW, Edmonton, T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada; Department of Human Ecology, University of Alberta, 302 Human Ecology Building, Edmonton, T6G 2N1, Alberta, Canada
| | - Catherine C Bannon
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - A Paulina de la Mata
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr NW, Edmonton, T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rebecca J Case
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE) and School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, SBS-01N-27, 637551, Singapore
| | - James J Harynuk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr NW, Edmonton, T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada.
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Exploring the Chemical Space of Macro- and Micro-Algae Using Comparative Metabolomics. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020311. [PMID: 33546180 PMCID: PMC7913273 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
With more than 156,000 described species, eukaryotic algae (both macro- and micro-algae) are a rich source of biological diversity, however their chemical diversity remains largely unexplored. Specialised metabolites with promising biological activities have been widely reported for seaweeds, and more recently extracts from microalgae have exhibited activity in anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant screens. However, we are still missing critical information on the distinction of chemical profiles between macro- and microalgae, as well as the chemical space these metabolites cover. This study has used an untargeted comparative metabolomics approach to explore the chemical diversity of seven seaweeds and 36 microalgal strains. A total of 1390 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) features were detected, representing small organic algal metabolites, with no overlap between the seaweeds and microalgae. An in-depth analysis of four Dunaliella tertiolecta strains shows that environmental factors may play a larger role than phylogeny when classifying their metabolomic profiles.
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Schneider K, Venn B, Mühlhaus T. TMEA: A Thermodynamically Motivated Framework for Functional Characterization of Biological Responses to System Acclimation. ENTROPY 2020; 22:e22091030. [PMID: 33286800 PMCID: PMC7597090 DOI: 10.3390/e22091030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) in modern biological studies is to identify functional profiles in huge sets of biomolecules generated by high-throughput measurements of genes, transcripts, metabolites, and proteins. GSEA is based on a two-stage process using classical statistical analysis to score the input data and subsequent testing for overrepresentation of the enrichment score within a given functional coherent set. However, enrichment scores computed by different methods are merely statistically motivated and often elusive to direct biological interpretation. Here, we propose a novel approach, called Thermodynamically Motivated Enrichment Analysis (TMEA), to account for the energy investment in biological relevant processes. Therefore, TMEA is based on surprisal analysis, which offers a thermodynamic-free energy-based representation of the biological steady state and of the biological change. The contribution of each biomolecule underlying the changes in free energy is used in a Monte Carlo resampling procedure resulting in a functional characterization directly coupled to the thermodynamic characterization of biological responses to system perturbations. To illustrate the utility of our method on real experimental data, we benchmark our approach on plant acclimation to high light and compare the performance of TMEA with the most frequently used method for GSEA.
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Metabolic, Physiological, and Transcriptomics Analysis of Batch Cultures of the Green Microalga Chlamydomonas Grown on Different Acetate Concentrations. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111367. [PMID: 31683711 PMCID: PMC6912441 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetate can be efficiently metabolized by the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The regular concentration is 17 mM, although higher concentrations are reported to increase starch and fatty acid content. To understand the responses to higher acetate concentrations, Chlamydomonas cells were cultivated in batch mode in the light at 17, 31, 44, and 57 mM acetate. Metabolic analyses show that cells grown at 57 mM acetate possess increased contents of all components analyzed (starch, chlorophylls, fatty acids, and proteins), with a three-fold increased volumetric biomass yield compared to cells cultivated at 17 mM acetate at the entry of stationary phase. Physiological analyses highlight the importance of photosynthesis for the low-acetate and exponential-phase samples. The stationary phase is reached when acetate is depleted, except for the cells grown at 57 mM acetate, which still divide until ammonium exhaustion. Surprisal analysis of the transcriptomics data supports the biological significance of our experiments. This allows the establishment of a model for acetate assimilation, its transcriptional regulation and the identification of candidates for genetic engineering of this metabolic pathway. Altogether, our analyses suggest that growing at high-acetate concentrations could increase biomass productivities in low-light and CO2-limiting air-bubbled medium for biotechnology.
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Fast non-invasive monitoring of microalgal physiological stage in photobioreactors through Raman spectroscopy. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Werner A, Broeckling CD, Prasad A, Peebles CAM. A comprehensive time-course metabolite profiling of the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 under diurnal light:dark cycles. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:379-388. [PMID: 30889309 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are a model photoautotroph and a chassis for the sustainable production of fuels and chemicals. Knowledge of photoautotrophic metabolism in the natural environment of day/night cycles is lacking, yet has implications for improved yield from plants, algae and cyanobacteria. Here, a thorough approach to characterizing diverse metabolites-including carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, pigments, cofactors, nucleic acids and polysaccharides-in the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (S. 6803) under sinusoidal diurnal light:dark cycles was developed and applied. A custom photobioreactor and multi-platform mass spectrometry workflow enabled metabolite profiling every 30-120 min across a 24-h diurnal sinusoidal LD ('sinLD') cycle peaking at 1600 μmol photons m-2 sec-1 . We report widespread oscillations across the sinLD cycle with 90%, 94% and 40% of the identified polar/semi-polar, non-polar and polymeric metabolites displaying statistically significant oscillations, respectively. Microbial growth displayed distinct lag, biomass accumulation and cell division phases of growth. During the lag phase, amino acids and nucleic acids accumulated to high levels per cell followed by decreased levels during the biomass accumulation phase, presumably due to protein and DNA synthesis. Insoluble carbohydrates displayed sharp oscillations per cell at the day-to-night transition. Potential bottlenecks in central carbon metabolism are highlighted. Together, this report provides a comprehensive view of photosynthetic metabolite behavior with high temporal resolution, offering insight into the impact of growth synchronization to light cycles via circadian rhythms. Incorporation into computational modeling and metabolic engineering efforts promises to improve industrially relevant strain design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Werner
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, 1005 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Corey D Broeckling
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Colorado State University, 2021 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Ashok Prasad
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, 1005 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, 1370 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Christie A M Peebles
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, 1005 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, 1370 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
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Kato Y, Fujihara Y, Vavricka CJ, Chang JS, Hasunuma T, Kondo A. Light/dark cycling causes delayed lipid accumulation and increased photoperiod-based biomass yield by altering metabolic flux in oleaginous Chlamydomonas sp. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:39. [PMID: 30828384 PMCID: PMC6383270 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1380-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Light/dark cycling is an inevitable outdoor culture condition for microalgal biofuel production; however, the influence of this cycling on cellular lipid production has not been clearly established. The general aim of this study was to determine the influence of light/dark cycling on microalgal biomass production and lipid accumulation. To achieve this goal, specific causative mechanisms were investigated using a metabolomics approach. Laboratory scale photoautotrophic cultivations of the oleaginous green microalga Chlamydomonas sp. JSC4 were performed under continuous light (LL) and light/dark (LD) conditions. RESULTS Lipid accumulation and carbohydrate degradation were delayed under the LD condition compared with that under the LL condition. Metabolomic analysis revealed accumulation of phosphoenolpyruvate and decrease of glycerol 3-phosphate under the LD condition, suggesting that the imbalance of these metabolites is a source of delayed lipid accumulation. When accounting for light dosage, biomass yield under the LD condition was significantly higher than that under the LL condition. Dynamic metabolic profiling showed higher levels of lipid/carbohydrate anabolism (including production of 3-phosphoglycerate, fructose 6-phosphate, glucose 6-phosphate, phosphoenolpyruvate and acetyl-CoA) from CO2 under the LD condition, indicating higher CO2 fixation than that of the LL condition. CONCLUSIONS Photoperiods define lipid accumulation and biomass production, and light/dark cycling was determined as a critical obstacle for lipid production in JSC4. Conversions of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate and 3-phosphoglycerate to glycerol 3-phosphate are the candidate rate-limiting steps responsible for delayed lipid accumulation. The accumulation of substrates including ribulose 5-phosphate could be explained by the close relationship of increased biomass yield with enhanced CO2 fixation. The present study investigated the influence of light/dark cycling on lipid production by direct comparison with continuous illumination for the first time, and revealed underlying metabolic mechanisms and candidate metabolic rate-limiting steps during light/dark cycling. These findings suggest promising targets to metabolically engineer improved lipid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kato
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Yusuke Fujihara
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Christopher J. Vavricka
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701 Taiwan
- Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701 Taiwan
| | - Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
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Remmers IM, D'Adamo S, Martens DE, de Vos RC, Mumm R, America AH, Cordewener JH, Bakker LV, Peters SA, Wijffels RH, Lamers PP. Orchestration of transcriptome, proteome and metabolome in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum during nitrogen limitation. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Willamme R, Bogaert K, Remacle F, Remacle C. Surprisal analysis of the transcriptomic response of the green microalga Chlamydomonas to the addition of acetate during day/night cycles. Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Raven JA. The potential effect of low cell osmolarity on cell function through decreased concentration of enzyme substrates. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:4667-4673. [PMID: 29992331 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Some freshwater algae have lower (<130 osmol m-3) intracellular osmolarities than most others (>180 osmol m-3). Low osmolarities are related to the presence of flagella and the low energy cost of active water efflux following downhill water influx unconstrained by cell walls covering the plasmalemma, and the low resource cost of cell wall synthesis with the same mechanical degree of safety. One consequence of low intracellular osmolarity is limitation on the concentration of metabolites, that is, substrates and products of enzyme activity. Models of the flux through metabolic pathways, and hence the specific growth rate, using steady-state concentrations of enzymes and metabolites have involved organisms with intracellular metabolite osmolarities >280 osmol m-3, where the metabolite concentrations are much greater than the total osmolarity of some freshwater algae. Since the protein concentration (mol m-3) in the cells and the specific growth rates of freshwater cells with low and with higher intracellular osmolarity are highly similar, the models of trade-offs between enzyme and metabolite concentrations for cells with high intracellular osmolarity need modification for cells with low intracellular osmolarity. The soluble free-radical scavenger ascorbate can constitute as little as 0.2% of the low intracellular metabolite concentration (mol m-3) of low-intracellular-osmolarity cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Raven
- Division of Plant Science, University of Dundee, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley (Perth), WA, Australia
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Bogaert KA, Manoharan-Basil SS, Perez E, Levine RD, Remacle F, Remacle C. Surprisal analysis of genome-wide transcript profiling identifies differentially expressed genes and pathways associated with four growth conditions in the microalga Chlamydomonas. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195142. [PMID: 29664904 PMCID: PMC5903653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The usual cultivation mode of the green microalga Chlamydomonas is liquid medium and light. However, the microalga can also be grown on agar plates and in darkness. Our aim is to analyze and compare gene expression of cells cultivated in these different conditions. For that purpose, RNA-seq data are obtained from Chlamydomonas samples of two different labs grown in four environmental conditions (agar@light, agar@dark, liquid@light, liquid@dark). The RNA seq data are analyzed by surprisal analysis, which allows the simultaneous meta-analysis of all the samples. First we identify a balance state, which defines a state where the expression levels are similar in all the samples irrespectively of their growth conditions, or lab origin. In addition our analysis identifies additional constraints needed to quantify the deviation with respect to the balance state. The first constraint differentiates the agar samples versus the liquid ones; the second constraint the dark samples versus the light ones. The two constraints are almost of equal importance. Pathways involved in stress responses are found in the agar phenotype while the liquid phenotype comprises ATP and NADH production pathways. Remodeling of membrane is suggested in the dark phenotype while photosynthetic pathways characterize the light phenotype. The same trends are also present when performing purely statistical analysis such as K-means clustering and differentially expressed genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny A. Bogaert
- Theoretical Physical Chemistry, UR MOLSYS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Emilie Perez
- Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, UR InBios, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Raphael D. Levine
- The Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Francoise Remacle
- Theoretical Physical Chemistry, UR MOLSYS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- * E-mail: (CR); (FR)
| | - Claire Remacle
- Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, UR InBios, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- * E-mail: (CR); (FR)
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Smith RT, Gilmour DJ. The influence of exogenous organic carbon assimilation and photoperiod on the carbon and lipid metabolism of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Jüppner J, Mubeen U, Leisse A, Caldana C, Brust H, Steup M, Herrmann M, Steinhauser D, Giavalisco P. Dynamics of lipids and metabolites during the cell cycle of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 92:331-343. [PMID: 28742931 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Metabolites and lipids are the final products of enzymatic processes, distinguishing the different cellular functions and activities of single cells or whole tissues. Understanding these cellular functions within a well-established model system requires a systemic collection of molecular and physiological information. In the current report, the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was selected to establish a comprehensive workflow for the detailed multi-omics analysis of a synchronously growing cell culture system. After implementation and benchmarking of the synchronous cell culture, a two-phase extraction method was adopted for the analysis of proteins, lipids, metabolites and starch from a single sample aliquot of as little as 10-15 million Chlamydomonas cells. In a proof of concept study, primary metabolites and lipids were sampled throughout the diurnal cell cycle. The results of these time-resolved measurements showed that single compounds were not only coordinated with each other in different pathways, but that these complex metabolic signatures have the potential to be used as biomarkers of various cellular processes. Taken together, the developed workflow, including the synchronized growth of the photoautotrophic cell culture, in combination with comprehensive extraction methods and detailed metabolic phenotyping has the potential for use in in-depth analysis of complex cellular processes, providing essential information for the understanding of complex biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Jüppner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Umarah Mubeen
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Andrea Leisse
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Camila Caldana
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory/CNPEM, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfano 10000, 13083-970, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Henrike Brust
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Martin Steup
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- University of Toronto c/o Hospital for Sick Children, PGCRL 14.9420, 72 Elm St, Toronto, ON M561H3, Canada
| | - Marion Herrmann
- Institute for Human Genetics, Humboldt University Berlin, Charité, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Steinhauser
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Patrick Giavalisco
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Chen T, Zhao Q, Wang L, Xu Y, Wei W. Comparative Metabolomic Analysis of the Green Microalga Chlorella sorokiniana Cultivated in the Single Culture and a Consortium with Bacteria for Wastewater Remediation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 183:1062-1075. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2484-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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15
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Miazek K, Remacle C, Richel A, Goffin D. Beech wood Fagus sylvatica dilute-acid hydrolysate as a feedstock to support Chlorella sorokiniana biomass, fatty acid and pigment production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 230:122-131. [PMID: 28187341 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work evaluates the possibility of using beech wood (Fagus sylvatica) dilute-acid (H2SO4) hydrolysate as a feedstock for Chlorella sorokiniana growth, fatty acid and pigment production. Neutralized wood acid hydrolysate, containing organic and mineral compounds, was tested on Chlorella growth at different concentrations and compared to growth under phototrophic conditions. Chlorella growth was improved at lower loadings and inhibited at higher loadings. Based on these results, a 12% neutralized wood acid hydrolysate (Hyd12%) loading was selected to investigate its impact on Chlorella growth, fatty acid and pigment production. Hyd12% improved microalgal biomass, fatty acid and pigment productivities both in light and in dark, when compared to photoautotrophic control. Light intensity had substantial influence on fatty acid and pigment composition in Chlorella culture during Hyd12%-based growth. Moreover, heterotrophic Chlorella cultivation with Hyd12% also showed that wood hydrolysate can constitute an attractive feedstock for microalgae cultivation in case of lack of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystian Miazek
- TERRA, AgricultureIsLife Platform, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux B-5030, Belgium; Unit of Biological and Industrial Chemistry, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux B-5030, Belgium.
| | - Claire Remacle
- Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Institute of Botany, University of Liege, B22, Chemin de la vallée, Liège B-4000, Belgium
| | - Aurore Richel
- Unit of Biological and Industrial Chemistry, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux B-5030, Belgium
| | - Dorothee Goffin
- Cellule Innovation et Créativité, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux B-5030, Belgium
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16
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Voigt J, Morawski M, Wöstemeyer J. The Cytotoxic Effects of Camptothecin and Mastoparan on the Unicellular Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2017; 64:806-819. [PMID: 28337817 DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have recently reported that protease inhibitors affecting the activity of the proteasome cause necrotic cell death in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii instead of inducing apoptosis as shown for some mammalian cell lines. Therefore, we have studied other well-known inducers of apoptosis in mammalian cells for their effects on C. reinhardtii cells. Mastoparan caused rapid cell death without a prominent lag-phase under all growth conditions, whereas the cytotoxic effect of the topoisomerase I inhibitor camptothecin exclusively occurred during the cell-division phase. Essentially no differences between wall-deficient and wild-type cells were observed with respect to dose-response and time-course of camptothecin and mastoparan. In cultures of the wall-deficient strain, cell death was accompanied by swelling and subsequent disruption of the cells, established markers of necrosis. In case of the wild-type strain, camptothecin and mastoparan caused accumulation of apparently intact, but dead cells instead of cell debris due to the presence of the wall. Both in cultures of the wall-deficient and the wild-type strains, cell death was accompanied by an increase of the protein concentration in the culture medium indicating a lytic process like necrosis. Taking together, we have severe doubts on the existence of an apoptotic program in case of C. reinhardtii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Voigt
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, D-07743, Germany
| | - Markus Morawski
- Paul-Flechsig-Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, D-04103, Germany
| | - Johannes Wöstemeyer
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, D-07743, Germany
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Krujatz F, Fehse K, Jahnel M, Gommel C, Schurig C, Lindner F, Bley T, Weber J, Steingroewer J. MicrOLED-photobioreactor: Design and characterization of a milliliter-scale Flat-Panel-Airlift-photobioreactor with optical process monitoring. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Lauersen KJ, Willamme R, Coosemans N, Joris M, Kruse O, Remacle C. Peroxisomal microbodies are at the crossroads of acetate assimilation in the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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