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Stücker S, Koßlowski F, Buchholz A, Lohmann CH, Bertrand J. High frequency of BCP, but less CPP crystal-mediated calcification in cartilage and synovial membrane of osteoarthritis patients. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2024:S1063-4584(24)01176-2. [PMID: 38735362 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2024.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ectopic articular calcification is a common phenomenon of osteoarthritic joints, and closely related to disease progression. Identification of the involved calcium crystal types represents an important topic in research and clinical practice. Difficulties in accurate detection and crystal type identification have led to inconsistent data on the prevalence and spatial distribution of Basic calcium phosphate (BCP) and calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) deposition. METHOD Combining multiple imaging methods including conventional radiography, histology and Raman spectroscopy, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of BCP and CPP-based calcification, its frequency and distribution in cartilage and synovial membrane samples of 92 osteoarthritis patients undergoing knee replacement surgery. RESULTS Conventional radiography showed calcifications in 35% of patients. Von Kossa staining detected calcified deposits in 88% and 57% of cartilage and synovial samples, respectively. BCP crystals presented as brittle deposits on top of the cartilage surface or embedded in synovial tissue. CPP deposits appeared as larger granular needle-shaped clusters or dense circular pockets below the cartilage surface or within synovial tissue. Spectroscopic analysis detected BCP crystals in 75% of cartilage and 43% of synovial samples. CPP deposition was only detected in 18% of cartilage and 15% of synovial samples, often coinciding with BCP deposits. CONCLUSION BCP is the predominant crystal type in calcified cartilage and synovium while CPP deposition is rare, often coinciding with BCP. Distinct and qualitative information on BCP and CPP deposits in joint tissues gives rise to the speculation that different disease entities are involved that might need different treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Stücker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Koßlowski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Adrian Buchholz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph H Lohmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Bertrand
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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Ye T, Wang C, Yan J, Qin Z, Qin W, Ma Y, Wan Q, Lu W, Zhang M, Tay FR, Jiao K, Niu L. Lysosomal destabilization: A missing link between pathological calcification and osteoarthritis. Bioact Mater 2024; 34:37-50. [PMID: 38173842 PMCID: PMC10761323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcification of cartilage by hydroxyapatite is a hallmark of osteoarthritis and its deposition strongly correlates with the severity of osteoarthritis. However, no effective strategies are available to date on the prevention of hydroxyapatite deposition within the osteoarthritic cartilage and its role in the pathogenesis of this degenerative condition is still controversial. Therefore, the present work aims at uncovering the pathogenic mechanism of intra-cartilaginous hydroxyapatite in osteoarthritis and developing feasible strategies to counter its detrimental effects. With the use of in vitro and in vivo models of osteoarthritis, hydroxyapatite crystallites deposited in the cartilage are found to be phagocytized by resident chondrocytes and processed by the lysosomes of those cells. This results in lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and release of cathepsin B (CTSB) into the cytosol. The cytosolic CTSB, in turn, activates NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes and subsequently instigates chondrocyte pyroptosis. Inhibition of LMP and CTSB in vivo are effective in managing the progression of osteoarthritis. The present work provides a conceptual therapeutic solution for the prevention of osteoarthritis via alleviation of lysosomal destabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Jianfei Yan
- Department of Stomatology, Tangdu Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Zixuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Wenpin Qin
- Department of Stomatology, Tangdu Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Qianqian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Weicheng Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Tangdu Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Mian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Franklin R. Tay
- The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Kai Jiao
- Department of Stomatology, Tangdu Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Lina Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
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Han M, Russo MJ, Desroches PE, Silva SM, Quigley AF, Kapsa RMI, Moulton SE, Greene GW. Calcium ions have a detrimental impact on the boundary lubrication property of hyaluronic acid and lubricin (PRG-4) both alone and in combination. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113741. [PMID: 38184943 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Cartilage demineralisation in Osteoarthritis (OA) patients can elevate calcium ion levels in synovial fluid, as evidenced by the prevalence of precipitated calcium phosphate crystals in OA synovial fluid. Although it has been reported that there is a potential connection between elevated concentrations of calcium ions and a deterioration in the lubrication and wear resistance of cartilage tissues, the mechanism behind the strong link between calcium ion concentration and decreased lubrication performance is unclear. In this work, the AFM friction, imaging, and normal force distance measurements were used to investigate the lubrication performances of hyaluronic acid (HA), Lubricin (LUB), and HA-LUB complex in the presence of calcium ions (5 mM, 15 mM, and 30 mM), to understand the possible mechanism behind the change of lubrication property. The results of AFM friction measurements suggest that introducing calcium ions to the environment effectively eliminated the lubrication ability of HA and HA-LUB, especially with relatively low loading applied. The AFM images indicate that it is unlikely that structural or morphological changes in the surface-bound layer upon calcium ions addition are primarily responsible for the friction results demonstrated. Further, the poor correlation between the effect of calcium ions on the adhesion forces and its impact on friction suggests that the decrease in the lubricating ability of both layers is likely a result of changes in the hydration of the HA-LUB surface bound layers than changes in intermolecular or intramolecular binding. This work provides the first experimental evidence lending towards the relationship between bone demineralisation and articular cartilage degradation at the onset of OA and the mechanism through which elevated calcium levels in the synovial fluid act on joint lubrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Han
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3216, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Agriculture and Food, 671 Sneydes Road, Private Bag 16, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia.
| | - Matthew J Russo
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3216, Australia; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1872, USA
| | - Pauline E Desroches
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3216, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Saimon M Silva
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia; Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1872, USA; Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Anita F Quigley
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Robert M I Kapsa
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Simon E Moulton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia; Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia
| | - George W Greene
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3216, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
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Yan J, Shen M, Sui B, Lu W, Han X, Wan Q, Liu Y, Kang J, Qin W, Zhang Z, Chen D, Cao Y, Ying S, Tay FR, Niu LN, Jiao K. Autophagic LC3 + calcified extracellular vesicles initiate cartilage calcification in osteoarthritis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn1556. [PMID: 35544558 PMCID: PMC9094669 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn1556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Pathological cartilage calcification plays an important role in osteoarthritis progression but in which the origin of calcified extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their effects remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that pathological cartilage calcification occurs in the early stage of the osteoarthritis in which the calcified EVs are closely involved. Autophagosomes carrying the minerals are released in EVs, and calcification is induced by those autophagy-regulated calcified EVs. Autophagy-derived microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3)-positive EVs are the major population of calcified EVs that initiate pathological calcification. Release of LC3-positive calcified EVs is caused by blockage of the autophagy flux resulted from histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6)-mediated microtubule destabilization. Inhibition of HDAC6 activity blocks the release of the LC3-positive calcified EVs by chondrocytes and effectively reverses the pathological calcification and degradation of cartilage. The present work discovers that calcified EVs derived from autophagosomes initiate pathological cartilage calcification in osteoarthritis, with potential therapeutic targeting implication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Minjuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingdong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weicheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qianqian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junjun Kang
- Department of Neurobiology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenpin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zibing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Da Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Siqi Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Franklin R. Tay
- The Graduate School, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Corresponding author. (K.J.); (L.-n.N.); (F.R.T.)
| | - Li-na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Corresponding author. (K.J.); (L.-n.N.); (F.R.T.)
| | - Kai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Corresponding author. (K.J.); (L.-n.N.); (F.R.T.)
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Early JO, Fagan LE, Curtis AM, Kennedy OD. Mitochondria in Injury, Inflammation and Disease of Articular Skeletal Joints. Front Immunol 2021; 12:695257. [PMID: 34539627 PMCID: PMC8448207 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.695257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an important biological response to tissue damage caused by injury, with a crucial role in initiating and controlling the healing process. However, dysregulation of the process can also be a major contributor to tissue damage. Related to this, although mitochondria are typically thought of in terms of energy production, it has recently become clear that these important organelles also orchestrate the inflammatory response via multiple mechanisms. Dysregulated inflammation is a well-recognised problem in skeletal joint diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Interestingly osteoarthritis (OA), despite traditionally being known as a ‘non-inflammatory arthritis’, now appears to involve an element of chronic inflammation. OA is considered an umbrella term for a family of diseases stemming from a range of aetiologies (age, obesity etc.), but all with a common presentation. One particular OA sub-set called Post-Traumatic OA (PTOA) results from acute mechanical injury to the joint. Whether the initial mechanical tissue damage, or the subsequent inflammatory response drives disease, is currently unclear. In the former case; mechanobiological properties of cells/tissues in the joint are a crucial consideration. Many such cell-types have been shown to be exquisitely sensitive to their mechanical environment, which can alter their mitochondrial and cellular function. For example, in bone and cartilage cells fluid-flow induced shear stresses can modulate cytoskeletal dynamics and gene expression profiles. More recently, immune cells were shown to be highly sensitive to hydrostatic pressure. In each of these cases mitochondria were central to these responses. In terms of acute inflammation, mitochondria may have a pivotal role in linking joint tissue injury with chronic disease. These processes could involve the immune cells recruited to the joint, native/resident joint cells that have been damaged, or both. Taken together, these observations suggest that mitochondria are likely to play an important role in linking acute joint tissue injury, inflammation, and long-term chronic joint degeneration - and that the process involves mechanobiological factors. In this review, we will explore the links between mechanobiology, mitochondrial function, inflammation/tissue-damage in joint injury and disease. We will also explore some emerging mitochondrial therapeutics and their potential for application in PTOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Orman Early
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lauren E Fagan
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Annie M Curtis
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oran D Kennedy
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Døssing A, Müller FC, Becce F, Stamp L, Bliddal H, Boesen M. Dual-Energy Computed Tomography for Detection and Characterization of Monosodium Urate, Calcium Pyrophosphate, and Hydroxyapatite: A Phantom Study on Diagnostic Performance. Invest Radiol 2021; 56:417-424. [PMID: 33559986 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic performance of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) to detect and distinguish crystal deposits in a phantom. The primary objective was to determine the cutoff DECT ratio and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of a crystal deposit necessary to differentiate monosodium urate (MSU), calcium pyrophosphate (CPP), and calcium hydroxyapatite (HA) using DECT. Our secondary objective was to determine the concentration for limit of detection for MSU, CPP, and HA crystal deposits. Exploratory objectives included the comparison between 2 generations of DECT scanners from the same manufacturer as well as different scanner settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used a cylindrical soft tissue phantom with synthetic MSU, CPP, and HA crystals suspended in resin. Crystal suspension concentration increased with similar attenuation between MSU, CPP, and HA in conventional CT. The phantom was scanned on 2 dual-source DECT scanners, at 2 dose levels and all available tube voltage combinations. Both scanners had a tin (Sn) filter at the high-energy spectra. Dual-energy CT ratios were calculated for a given tube voltage combination by dividing linear regression lines of CT numbers against concentration. Dual-energy CT ratios were compared using an analysis of covariance. Receiver operating characteristic curves and corresponding areas under the curve (AUCs) were calculated for individual crystal suspension comparisons (HA vs CPP, MSU vs CPP, and MSU vs HA). RESULTS At standard clinical scan settings with 8 mGy and 80/Sn150 kV, the DECT ratios were as follows: CPP, 2.02 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.98-2.07); HA, 2.00 (95% CI, 1.96-2.05); and MSU, 1.09 (95% CI, 1.06-1.11). Ratios varied numerically depending on the scanner and tube voltage combination. Monosodium urate crystal DECT ratios were significantly different from HA and CPP (P < 0.001), whereas DECT ratios for HA and CPP crystals did not differ significantly (P = 0.99). The differentiation of MSU crystals from both calcium crystals (HA and CPP) was excellent with an AUC of 1.00 (95% CI, 1.00-1.00) and an optimal cutoff DECT ratio of 1.43:1.40 depending on the scanner. In addition, differentiation of MSU and calcium-containing crystals (HA and CPP) required a CSA of minimum 4 pixels of crystal at standard clinical scan conditions. In contrast, differentiation between CPP and HA crystals was moderate with AUCs ranging from 0.66 (95% CI, 0.52-0.80) to 0.80 (95% CI, 0.69-0.91) and an optimal cutoff DECT ratio of 2.02:2.06 depending on the scanner. Furthermore, differentiation between CPP and HA crystals required a CSA of minimum 87 pixels of crystal at standard clinical scan conditions, corresponding to a region of interest of 3.7 mm diameter. When scanning at highest possible spectral separation and maximum dose of 50 mGy, the limit of detection for crystals within a region of interest of 50 pixels was 14 mg/cm3 for MSU and 2 mg/cm3 for both CPP and HA. CONCLUSIONS This phantom study shows that DECT can be used to detect MSU, CPP, and HA crystal deposits. Differentiation of CPP and HA was not possible in crystals deposits less than 3.7 mm in diameter, but MSU could accurately be differentiated from CPP and HA crystal deposits at standard clinical scan conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Døssing
- From the The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital
| | - Felix Christoph Müller
- Department of Radiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fabio Becce
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Stamp
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Henning Bliddal
- From the The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital
| | - Mikael Boesen
- Department of Radiology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Filippucci E, Reginato AM, Thiele RG. Imaging of crystalline arthropathy in 2020. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2020; 34:101595. [PMID: 33012644 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2020.101595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Crystal-related arthropathies are the result of crystal deposition in joint and periarticular soft tissues. Identification of urate crystals is mandatory to distinguish gout from other crystalline arthropathies, including calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate and basic calcium phosphate crystal deposition diseases. ACR/EULAR classification criteria for gout included dual-energy computed tomography and ultrasound with equal impact to the final score. Different diagnostic strengths of these imaging modalities depend on disease duration and scanned anatomic site. While ultrasound has been indicated as the first-choice imaging technique, especially in the early stages of the disease, dual-energy computed tomography has shown to be highly specific, allowing the detection of crystal deposits in anatomic sites not accessible by ultrasound, such as the spine. At the spinal level, MRI findings are usually nonspecific. Finally, there is preliminary evidence that at the knee, dual-energy computed tomography may discriminate calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate from basic calcium phosphate crystal deposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Filippucci
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, "Carlo Urbani" Hospital, Jesi, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Anthony M Reginato
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Ralf G Thiele
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Moses V, Asirvatham JR, McHugh J, Ike R. Synovial Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Crystal-Associated Arthropathies. J Clin Rheumatol 2020; 26:142-146. [PMID: 32453287 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000000993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVE This study seeks to assess the utility of synovial biopsy in the diagnosis of crystal-associated arthropathies (CAAs) in a clinical setting. METHODS In this retrospective study, we reviewed biopsy reports involving synovial tissue between 1988 and 2015. We then reviewed the records of patients where the biopsy was performed for a clinical suspicion of CAA-the clinical group-and calculated the frequency of a positive diagnosis. The t test, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test, and Fisher test were used to compare clinical characteristics of patients with and without a tissue diagnosis of CAA. We also reviewed cases of unexpected detection of crystalline disease involving synovial tissue-the incidental group. RESULTS Among 2786 biopsies involving the synovium, we identified 65 cases in the clinical group and 33 cases in the incidental group. In the clinical group, a relevant diagnosis was obtained from synovial tissue in 36.9%, and a CAA was diagnosed in 20%. Restricting analysis to clinical biopsies performed for a primary suspicion of CAA, a relevant diagnosis was obtained in 61.3%, and a CAA was diagnosed in 38.7%. The incidental group comprised 1.2% of all synovial biopsies and included 7 mass lesions. Basic calcium phosphate was not reported on any biopsy in the study period. CONCLUSIONS Synovial biopsy is a diagnostic option when suspected CAA is resistant to conventional modes of diagnosis. Crystalline diseases should be considered in the differential diagnosis of musculoskeletal mass lesions mimicking neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viju Moses
- From the Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine
| | - Jaya Ruth Asirvatham
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | | | - Robert Ike
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Alippe Y, Mbalaviele G. Omnipresence of inflammasome activities in inflammatory bone diseases. Semin Immunopathol 2019; 41:607-618. [PMID: 31520179 PMCID: PMC6814643 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-019-00753-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The inflammasomes are intracellular protein complexes that are assembled in response to a variety of perturbations including infections and injuries. Failure of the inflammasomes to rapidly clear the insults or restore tissue homeostasis can result in chronic inflammation. Recurring inflammation is also provoked by mutations that cause the constitutive assembly of the components of these protein platforms. Evidence suggests that chronic inflammation is a shared mechanism in bone loss associated with aging, dysregulated metabolism, autoinflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. Mechanistically, inflammatory mediators promote bone resorption while suppressing bone formation, an imbalance which over time leads to bone loss and increased fracture risk. Thus, while acute inflammation is important for the maintenance of bone integrity, its chronic state damages this tissue. In this review, we discuss the role of the inflammasomes in inflammation-induced osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Alippe
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8301, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Gabriel Mbalaviele
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8301, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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10
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Abstract
The most common types of calcium-containing crystals that are associated with joint and periarticular disorders are calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPP) and basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystals. Several diverse but difficult-to-treat acute and chronic arthropathies and other clinical syndromes are associated with the deposition of these crystals. Although the pathogenic mechanism of calcium crystal deposition is partially understood, much remains to be investigated, as no drug is available to prevent crystal deposition, permit crystal dissolution or specifically target the pathogenic effects that result in the clinical manifestations. In this Review, the main clinical manifestations of CPP and BCP crystal deposition are discussed, along with the biological effects of these crystals, current therapeutic approaches and future directions in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine M McCarthy
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. .,Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Aisling Dunne
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology and School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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11
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Lee KA, Lee SH, Kim HR. Diagnostic value of ultrasound in calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease of the knee joint. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:781-787. [PMID: 30738145 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the diagnostic performance of ultrasound (US) for calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) at the level of menisci, hyaline cartilage (HC), tendons, and synovial fluid (SF) of the knee, and to examine inter- and intra-observer reliability. DESIGN We consecutively included patients with knee effusion over a 2-year period (43 patients with CPPD and 131 controls). All patients underwent SF analysis, conventional radiography (CR), and US examination using the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) definition of the US characteristics of CPPD. Two independent operators performed the US, and inter-observer agreement was calculated. Intra-observer agreement was examined with static images obtained for all enrolled patients. RESULTS US revealed calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) deposits in menisci, HC, and tendon more frequently in patients with CPPD than in control patients. The presence of US CPP deposits in SF was not significantly different between the two groups. Combined US evaluation of the three components (menisci, HC, and tendon) showed the best diagnostic performance. The sensitivity and specificity for US evaluation of the three components were 74.4% and 77.1%, respectively, while for CR evaluation, the sensitivity and specificity were 44.2% and 96.9%, respectively. Inter- and intra-observer agreement were excellent for medial (κ = 0.930, 0.972) and lateral menisci (κ = 0.905, 0.942), HC (κ = 0.844, 0.957), and SF (κ = 0.817, 0.925). Tendon showed fair inter-observer (κ = 0.532) and good intra-observer reliability (κ = 0.788). CONCLUSIONS Based on the OMERACT definition, US demonstrated better diagnostic capacity than CR to diagnose CPPD, with excellent reliability. Combined evaluation of menisci, HC, and tendon showed the best diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-A Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - S-H Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - H-R Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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12
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Choi Y, Yoo JH, Lee Y, Bae MK, Kim HJ. Calcium-Phosphate Crystals Promote RANKL Expression via the Downregulation of DUSP1. Mol Cells 2019; 42:183-188. [PMID: 30703868 PMCID: PMC6399012 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a naturally occurring, irreversible disorder and a major health burden. The disease is multifactorial, involving both physiological and mechanical processes, but calcium crystals have been associated intimately with its pathogenesis. This study tested the hypothesis that these crystals have a detrimental effect on the differentiation of osteoclasts and bone homeostasis. This study employed an osteoblast-osteoclast coculture system that resembles in vivo osteoblast-dependent osteoclast differentiation along with Ca2+-phosphate-coated culture dishes. The calcium-containing crystals upregulated the expression of RANKL and increased the differentiation of osteoclasts significantly as a result. On the other hand, osteoblast differentiation was unaffected. MicroRNA profiling showed that dual-specificity phosphatases 1 (DUSP1) was associated with the increased RANKL expression. DUSP1 belongs to a family of MAPK phosphatases and is known to inactivate all three groups of MAPKs, p38, JNK, and ERK. Furthermore, knockdown of DUSP1 gene expression suggested that RANKL expression increases significantly in the absence of DUSP1 regulation. Microarray analysis of the DUSP1 mRNA levels in patients with pathological bone diseases also showed that the downregulated DUSP1 expression leads to increased expression of RANKL and consequently to the destruction of the bone observed in these patients. These findings suggest that calcium-containing crystals may play a crucial role in promoting RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via DUSP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- YunJeong Choi
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, and Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan,
Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Yoo
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, and Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan,
Korea
| | - Youngkyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Moon Kyoung Bae
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, and Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan,
Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, and Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan,
Korea
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13
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Review of potential health risks associated with nanoscopic calcium phosphate. Acta Biomater 2018; 77:1-14. [PMID: 30031162 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate is applied in many products in biomedicine, but also in toothpastes and cosmetics. In some cases, it is present in nanoparticulate form, either on purpose or after degradation or mechanical abrasion. Possible concerns are related to the biological effect of such nanoparticles. A thorough literature review shows that calcium phosphate nanoparticles as such have no inherent toxicity but can lead to an increase of the intracellular calcium concentration after endosomal uptake and lysosomal degradation. However, cells are able to clear the calcium from the cytoplasm within a few hours, unless very high doses of calcium phosphate are applied. The observed cytotoxicity in some cell culture studies, mainly for unfunctionalized particles, is probably due to particle agglomeration and subsequent sedimentation onto the cell layer, leading to a very high local particle concentration, a high particle uptake, and subsequent cell death. There is no risk from an oral uptake of calcium phosphate nanoparticles due to their rapid dissolution in the stomach. The risk from dermal or mucosal uptake is very low. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles can enter the bloodstream by inhalation, but no adverse effects have been observed, except for a prolonged exposition to high particle doses. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles inside the body (e.g. after implantation or due to abrasion) do not pose a risk as they are typically resorbed and dissolved by osteoclasts and macrophages. There is no indication for a significant influence of the calcium phosphate phase or the particle shape (e.g. spherical or rod-like) on the biological response. In summary, the risk associated with an exposition to nanoparticulate calcium phosphate in doses that are usually applied in biomedicine, health care products, and cosmetics is very low and most likely not present at all. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Calcium phosphate is a well-established biomaterial. However, there are occasions when it occurs in a nanoparticulate form (e.g. as nanoparticle or as nanoparticulate bone substitution material) or after abrasion from a calcium phosphate-coated metal implant. In the light of the current discussion on the safety of nanoparticles, there have been concerns about potential adverse effects of nano-calcium phosphate, e.g. in a statement of a EU study group from 2016 about possible dangers associated with non-spherical nano-hydroxyapatite in cosmetics. In the US, there was a discussion in 2016 about the dangers of nano-calcium phosphate in babyfood. In this review, the potential exposition routes for nano-calcium phosphate are reviewed, with special emphasis on its application as biomaterial.
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Basic calcium phosphate and pyrophosphate crystals in early and late osteoarthritis: relationship with clinical indices and inflammation. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37:2847-2853. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-018-4166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of joint disease globally and is associated with significant morbidity and disability. Increasing evidence points to an important inflammatory component in the development and progression of OA. The precise pathways involved in OA inflammatory processes remain to be clarified. Basic calcium phosphate (BCP) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPP) crystals can induce inflammation and arthritis and recent studies point to a potential pathogenic role in OA. In the light of this evidence, we explore the relationship and potential mechanistic pathways linking calcium-containing crystals and OA. RECENT FINDINGS CPP crystals induce inflammation through the NLRP3 inflammasome while BCP crystals mediate both NLRP3 dependent and independent effects. BCP crystals have been demonstrated to induce key mitogenic and inflammatory pathways and contribute to cartilage degradation. Calcium-containing crystals induce key inflammatory pathways and may represent an attractive novel target in OA, a condition devoid of effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Conway
- Department of Rheumatology, St. James's Hospital, James Street, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| | - Geraldine M McCarthy
- Department of Rheumatology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin Academic Medical Centre, Eccles St., Dublin 7, Ireland
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17
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Zhang M, Wang H, Zhang J, Zhang H, Yang H, Wan X, Jing L, Lu L, Liu X, Yu S, Chang W, Wang M. Unilateral anterior crossbite induces aberrant mineral deposition in degenerative temporomandibular cartilage in rats. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:921-31. [PMID: 26746151 PMCID: PMC5699887 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether mechanical stress induces mineral deposits that contribute to matrix degradation at the onset of osteoarthritis (OA) in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage. DESIGN Female Spraguee-Dawley rats were subjected to an unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) procedure. Histology, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were used to examine cartilage matrix structures and composition of mineral deposit in the affected TMJ cartilage. Protein and/or RNA expression of phenotypic markers and mineralization modulators and matrix degradation was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and/or real-time PCR. Synthetic basic calcium phosphate (BCP) and calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate (CPPD) crystals were used to stimulate ATDC5 cells for their impact on cell differentiation and gene expression. RESULTS Fragmented and disorganized collagen fibers, expanded fibrous spaces, and enhancement of matrix vesicle production and mineral deposition were observed in matrices surrounding hypertrophic chondrocytes in cartilage as early as 2-weeks post-UAC and exacerbated with time. The mineral deposits in TMJ cartilage at 12- and 20-weeks post-UAC had Ca/P ratios of 1.42 and 1.44, which are similar to the ratios for BCP. The expression of mineralization inhibitors, NPP1, ANK, CD73, and Matrix gla protein (MGP) was decreased from 2 to 8 weeks post-UAC, so were the chondrogenic markers, Col-2, Col-X and aggrecan. In contrast, the expression of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) and MMP13 was increased 4-weeks post-UAC. Treating ADTC5 cells with BCP crystals increased MMPs and ADAMTS5 expression, but reduced matrix production in a time-dependent manner. CONCLUSION UAC induces deposition of BCP-like minerals in osteoarthritic cartilage, which can stimulate matrix degradation by promoting the expression of cartilage-degrading enzymes to facilitate OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - H. Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - J. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - H. Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - X. Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - L. Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - L. Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - X. Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - S. Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - W. Chang
- Endocrine Research Unit, University of California, San Francisco, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, USA,Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - M. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China,Address correspondence and reprint requests to: M. Wang, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China. (M. Wang)
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18
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Gras P, Rey C, André G, Charvillat C, Sarda S, Combes C. Crystal structure of monoclinic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (m-CPPD) involved in inflammatory reactions and osteoarthritis. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2016; 72:96-101. [PMID: 26830800 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520615021563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pure monoclinic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (m-CPPD) has been synthesized and characterized by synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction. Rietveld refinement of complementary diffraction data has, for the first time, allowed the crystal structure of m-CPPD to be solved. The monoclinic system P2(1)/n was confirmed and unit-cell parameters determined: a = 12.60842 (4), b = 9.24278 (4), c = 6.74885 (2) Å and β = 104.9916 (3)°. Neutron diffraction data especially have allowed the precise determination of the position of H atoms in the structure. The relationship between the m-CPPD crystal structure and that of the triclinic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (t-CPPD) phase as well as other pyrophosphate phases involving other divalent cations are discussed by considering the inflammatory potential of these phases and/or their involvement in different diseases. These original structural data represent a key step in the understanding of the mechanisms of crystal formation involved in different types of arthritis and to improve early detection of calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) phases in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Gras
- CIRIMAT, UMR 5085 INPT-CNRS-UPS, Université de Toulouse, INPT-ENSIACET, Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Rey
- CIRIMAT, UMR 5085 INPT-CNRS-UPS, Université de Toulouse, INPT-ENSIACET, Toulouse, France
| | - Gilles André
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Cédric Charvillat
- CIRIMAT, UMR 5085 INPT-CNRS-UPS, Université de Toulouse, INPT-ENSIACET, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Sarda
- CIRIMAT, UMR 5085 INPT-CNRS-UPS, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier , Toulouse, France
| | - Christèle Combes
- CIRIMAT, UMR 5085 INPT-CNRS-UPS, Université de Toulouse, INPT-ENSIACET, Toulouse, France
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Li Y, Yue J, Yang C. Unraveling the role of Mg(++) in osteoarthritis. Life Sci 2016; 147:24-9. [PMID: 26800786 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mg(++) is widely involved in human physiological processes that may play key roles in the generation and progression of diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex joint disorder characterized by articular cartilage degradation, abnormal mineralization and inflammation. Magnesium deficiency is considered to be a major risk factor for OA development and progression. Magnesium deficiency is active in several pathways that have been implicated in OA, including increased inflammatory mediators, cartilage damage, defective chondrocyte biosynthesis, aberrant calcification and a weakened effect of analgesics. Abundant in vitro and in vivo evidence in animal models now suggests that the nutritional supplementation or local infiltration of Mg(++) represent effective therapies for OA. The goal of this review is to summarize the current understanding of the role of Mg(++) in OA with particular emphasis on the related molecular mechanisms involved in OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China; School of medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaji Yue
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China; School of medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxi Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China; School of medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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20
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Concordance between fresh joint fluid analysis by the rheumatologist and joint fluid analysis at the laboratory: Prospective single-center study of 180 samples. Joint Bone Spine 2015; 82:161-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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21
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22
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Chang CC, Chen LY, Yang KH, Chen QY, Liang YC, Lin SY, Liu YC. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering on a silver film-modified Au nanoparticle-decorated SiO 2 mask array. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11183h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
SERS of R6G absorbed on this developed array exhibits a higher intensity by ca. 30-fold, as compared with that of R6G absorbed on the Au NP-based array without the modification of Ag films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ching Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine
- School of Medicine
- College of Medicine
- Taipei Medical University
- Taipei 11031
| | - Liang-Yih Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Hsuan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Vanung University
- Chung-Li City
- Taiwan
| | - Qing-Ye Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Vanung University
- Chung-Li City
- Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Liang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology
- College of Medical Science and Technology
- Taipei Medical University
- Taipei 11031
- Taiwan
| | - Shyr-Yi Lin
- Department of General Medicine
- School of Medicine
- College of Medicine
- Taipei Medical University
- Taipei 11031
| | - Yu-Chuan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology
- School of Medicine
- College of Medicine
- Taipei Medical University
- Taipei 11031
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23
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Gras P, Ratel-Ramond N, Teychéné S, Rey C, Elkaim E, Biscans B, Sarda S, Combes C. Structure of the calcium pyrophosphate monohydrate phase (Ca2P2O7·H2O): towards understanding the dehydration process in calcium pyrophosphate hydrates. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2014; 70:862-6. [PMID: 25186358 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229614017446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Calcium pyrophosphate hydrate (CPP, Ca(2)P(2)O(7) · nH2O) and calcium orthophosphate compounds (including apatite, octacalcium phosphate etc.) are among the most prevalent pathological calcifications in joints. Even though only two dihydrated forms of CPP (CPPD) have been detected in vivo (monoclinic and triclinic CPPD), investigations of other hydrated forms such as tetrahydrated or amorphous CPP are relevant to a further understanding of the physicochemistry of those phases of biological interest. The synthesis of single crystals of calcium pyrophosphate monohydrate (CPPM; Ca(2)P(2)O(7) · H2O) by diffusion in silica gel at ambient temperature and the structural analysis of this phase are reported in this paper. Complementarily, data from synchrotron X-ray diffraction on a CPPM powder sample have been fitted to the crystal parameters. Finally, the relationship between the resolved structure for the CPPM phase and the structure of the tetrahydrated calcium pyrophosphate β phase (CPPT-β) is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Gras
- CIRIMAT, UMR 5085 INPT-CNRS-UPS, Université de Toulouse, ENSIACET, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Sébastien Teychéné
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, UMR 5503 CNRS-INPT-UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Rey
- CIRIMAT, UMR 5085 INPT-CNRS-UPS, Université de Toulouse, ENSIACET, Toulouse, France
| | - Erik Elkaim
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Béatrice Biscans
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, UMR 5503 CNRS-INPT-UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Sarda
- CIRIMAT, UMR 5085 INPT-CNRS-UPS, Université de Toulouse and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Christèle Combes
- CIRIMAT, UMR 5085 INPT-CNRS-UPS, Université de Toulouse, ENSIACET, Toulouse, France
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Durcan L, Bolster F, Kavanagh EC, McCarthy GM. The structural consequences of calcium crystal deposition. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2014; 40:311-28. [PMID: 24703349 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate and basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystals are the most common calcium-containing crystals associated with rheumatic disease. Clinical manifestations of calcium crystal deposition include acute or chronic inflammatory and degenerative arthritides and certain forms of periarthritis. The intra-articular presence of BCP crystals correlates with the degree of radiographic degeneration. Calcium crystal deposition contributes directly to joint degeneration. Vascular calcification is caused by the deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals in the arterial intima. These deposits may contribute to local inflammation and promote further calcification, thus aggravating the atherosclerotic process. Calcium crystal deposition results in substantial structural consequence in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Durcan
- Division of Rheumatology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Ferdia Bolster
- Department of Radiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Eoin C Kavanagh
- Department of Radiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Geraldine M McCarthy
- Division of Rheumatology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland.
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Ou KL, Hsu TC, Liu YC, Yang KH, Tsai HY. Silver overlayer-modified surface-enhanced Raman scattering-active gold substrates for potential applications in trace detection of biochemical species. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 806:188-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Mai FD, Yu CC, Liu YC, Chang CC, Yang KH. Highly effective surface-enhanced Raman scattering-active gold substrates prepared by using electrochemical methods in the presence of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) has long been considered a "wear and tear" disease leading to loss of cartilage. OA used to be considered the sole consequence of any process leading to increased pressure on one particular joint or fragility of cartilage matrix. Progress in molecular biology in the 1990s has profoundly modified this paradigm. The discovery that many soluble mediators such as cytokines or prostaglandins can increase the production of matrix metalloproteinases by chondrocytes led to the first steps of an "inflammatory" theory. However, it took a decade before synovitis was accepted as a critical feature of OA, and some studies are now opening the way to consider the condition a driver of the OA process. Recent experimental data have shown that subchondral bone may have a substantial role in the OA process, as a mechanical damper, as well as a source of inflammatory mediators implicated in the OA pain process and in the degradation of the deep layer of cartilage. Thus, initially considered cartilage driven, OA is a much more complex disease with inflammatory mediators released by cartilage, bone and synovium. Low-grade inflammation induced by the metabolic syndrome, innate immunity and inflammaging are some of the more recent arguments in favor of the inflammatory theory of OA and highlighted in this review.
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29
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Abstract
Crystal-induced arthritis (CIA) is easy to diagnose as soon as the physician might suspect the diagnosis. Indeed, CIA can be readily ascertained since one single gold standard is available: identification of microcrystals in synovial fluid or in other materials (tophus, synovial tissue biopsy, periarticular tissues). It is therefore mandatory to perform joint aspiration and to get synovial fluid sample for microscopic examination. Monosodium urate crystals are the key feature of gout, and calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystals are associated with CPP disease, also called "chondrocalcinosis" in France. Diagnosis of gout can be readily suspected when considering typical clinical presentations such as podagra, presence of tophi, cardiovascular comorbidities, and diuretics use. Plain radiographs, as long as technical quality is present, are an easy way to suspect and eventually to diagnose CPP disease or apatite deposits in any articular or periarticular site. Joint ultrasonography when performed by skilled physicians can easily help in displaying crystal deposits at the cartilage surface (gout) or within the cartilage (CPP), along with peri-tophaceous inflammatory reaction as evidenced by power Doppler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Lioté
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Paris, France.
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