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Guan M, Yu Q, Zhou G, Wang Y, Yu J, Yang W, Li Z. Mechanisms of chondrocyte cell death in osteoarthritis: implications for disease progression and treatment. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:550. [PMID: 39252111 PMCID: PMC11382417 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-05055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by the degeneration, destruction, and excessive ossification of articular cartilage. The prevalence of OA is rising annually, concomitant with the aging global population and increasing rates of obesity. This condition imposes a substantial and escalating burden on individual health, healthcare systems, and broader social and economic frameworks. The etiology of OA is multifaceted and not fully understood. Current research suggests that the death of chondrocytes, encompassing mechanisms such as cellular apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis and cuproptosis, contributes to both the initiation and progression of the disease. These cell death pathways not only diminish the population of chondrocytes but also exacerbate joint damage through the induction of inflammation and other deleterious processes. This paper delineates the morphological characteristics associated with various modes of cell death and summarizes current research results on the molecular mechanisms of different cell death patterns in OA. The objective is to review the advancements in understanding chondrocyte cell death in OA, thereby offering novel insights for potential clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Guan
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Qingyuan Yu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Guohui Zhou
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Sino-Japanese Friendship Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jianan Yu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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Samodien S, de Kock M, Joubert E, de Beer D, Kriel J, Gelderblom WCA, Lilly M. Autophagy-induced cell death by aqueous and polyphenol-enriched extracts of honeybush ( Cyclopia spp.) in liver and colon cancer cells. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:5647-5662. [PMID: 39139978 PMCID: PMC11317699 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The anti-cancer potential of Cyclopia species (honeybush) has been demonstrated in several models. The present study investigated the effects of aqueous and polyphenol-enriched (PE) extracts of C. subternata and C. genistoides, as well as mangiferin and hesperidin, on different cell growth parameters in human liver (HepG2) and colon (HT-29) cancer cells. Mangiferin and hesperidin were most abundant in C. genistoides and C. subternata, respectively. Cyclopia subternata extracts had the highest ferric-reducing antioxidant capacity. Following exposure of the cells to the extracts and compounds, cell viability, proliferation, and death (apoptosis and autophagy) were determined. Cyclopia subternata extracts reduced cell viability and inhibited cell proliferation the most, associated with depletion of ATP. In HepG2 cells, the PE extracts were less effective than the aqueous extracts in reducing cell viability but more effective in inhibiting cell proliferation. Despite disrupting cell growth, none of the extracts induced apoptosis. The aqueous extracts affected autophagy in both cancer cells. Disruption of mitochondrial membrane integrity by the different extracts, presumably via polyphenol/iron interactions, is postulated to be involved; however, mangiferin and hesperidin had no effect, suggesting that other polyphenols and/or complex interactions between compounds are likely responsible for the differential cytotoxic and/or cytoprotective effects of the extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedicka Samodien
- Applied Microbial and Health Biotechnology InstituteCape Peninsula University of TechnologyBellvilleSouth Africa
| | - Maryna de Kock
- Department of Medical Bioscience ProgramUniversity of Western CapeBellvilleSouth Africa
| | - Elizabeth Joubert
- Plant Bioactives Group, Post‐Harvest & Agro‐Processing TechnologiesAgricultural Research Council, Infruitec‐NietvoorbijStellenboschSouth Africa
- Department of Food ScienceStellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa
| | - Dalene de Beer
- Plant Bioactives Group, Post‐Harvest & Agro‐Processing TechnologiesAgricultural Research Council, Infruitec‐NietvoorbijStellenboschSouth Africa
- Department of Food ScienceStellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa
| | - Jurgen Kriel
- Central Analytical Facilities, Electron Microscopy UnitStellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa
| | | | - Mariska Lilly
- Applied Microbial and Health Biotechnology InstituteCape Peninsula University of TechnologyBellvilleSouth Africa
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Cui L, Shen G, Yu Y, Yan Z, Zeng H, Ye X, Xu K, Zhu C, Li Y, Shen Z, Zhang B, Wu L. Gubi decoction mitigates knee osteoarthritis via promoting chondrocyte autophagy through METTL3-mediated ATG7 m 6A methylation. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e70019. [PMID: 39164798 PMCID: PMC11335466 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.70019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic joint disease that significantly affects the health of the elderly. As an herbal remedy, Gubi decoction (GBD) has been traditionally used for the treatment of osteoarthritis-related syndromes. However, the anti-KOA efficacy and mechanism of GBD remain unclear. This study aimed to experimentally investigate the anti-KOA efficacy and the underlying mechanism of GBD. The medial meniscus (DMM) mice model and IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes were, respectively, constructed as in vivo and in vitro models of KOA to evaluate the osteoprotective effect and molecular mechanism of GBD. The UPLC-MS/MS analysis showed that GBD mainly contained pinoresinol diglucoside, rehmannioside D, hesperidin, liquiritin, baohuoside I, glycyrrhizic acid, kaempferol and tangeretin. Animal experiment showed that GBD could alleviate articular cartilage destruction and recover histopathological alterations in DMM mice. In addition, GBD inhibited chondrocyte apoptosis and restored DMM-induced dysregulated autophagy evidenced by the upregulation of ATG7 and LC3 II/LC3 I but decreased P62 level. Mechanistically, METTL3-mediated m6A modification decreased the expression of ATG7 in DMM mice, as it could be significantly attenuated by GBD. METTL3 overexpression significantly counteracted the protective effect of GBD on chondrocyte autophagy. Further research showed that GBD promoted proteasome-mediated ubiquitination degradation of METLL3. Our findings suggest that GBD could act as a protective agent against KOA. The protective effect of GBD may result from its promotion on chondrocyte autophagy by suppressing METTL3-dependent ATG7 m6A methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longkang Cui
- The Second Clinical CollegeZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Gaobo Shen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yang Yu
- The Second Clinical CollegeZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zheng Yan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Hanbing Zeng
- The Second Clinical CollegeZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoang Ye
- The Second Clinical CollegeZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Kuangying Xu
- The Second Clinical CollegeZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Chaojin Zhu
- The Second Clinical CollegeZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yanan Li
- The Second Clinical CollegeZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zhe Shen
- The Second Clinical CollegeZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Lianguo Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
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Cp A, Jayaraman K, Babkair RA, Nuhmani S, Nawed A, Khan M, Alghadir AH. Effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on functional ability in grade IV knee osteoarthritis - a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16530. [PMID: 39020015 PMCID: PMC11254909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67511-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is a non-invasive physical therapy intervention that has emerged in the recent past to address the upswing of osteoarthritis (OA). However, insufficient evidence is present to prove the efficacy of ESWT on grade IV knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The present study aimed to examine the effects of ESWT on functional ability in patients suffering from grade IV KOA. Thirty volunteers aged 45-60 years with grade IV primary KOA diagnosed by an orthopaedic surgeon based on the Kellgren-Lawrence score participated in the study. The participants were equally and randomly divided into two groups (i.e. experimental and control), with 15 participants in each group. The participants in the control group performed conventional physiotherapy (CPT) that included ultrasound therapy, isometric quadriceps, SLR and isometric hip adductor strengthening exercises. The participants in the experimental group received ESWT in addition to CPT. Lower extremity functional scale (LEFS) score was measured before and after the four weeks of intervention. In both groups, a statistically significant (p = 0.001) improvement in LEFS was observed. In the experimental groups, it improved by 81.92% and in the control groups by 48.15%. A statistically significant (p < 0.001) difference was observed in LEFS post-intervention values between both groups. As demonstrated by our trial results, the addition of ESWT to the CPT program will yield beneficial results in ameliorating the functional disability in patients with primary KOA (grade IV). Further studies are needed to confirm and apply these findings to a larger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshed Cp
- Department of Physiotherapy, AWH Special College, Kozhikode, Affiliated to Kerala University of Health Sciences, Kozhikode, India
| | - Kavitha Jayaraman
- Department of Physiotherapy, AWH Special College, Kozhikode, Affiliated to Kerala University of Health Sciences, Kozhikode, India
| | | | - Shibili Nuhmani
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alvina Nawed
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Masood Khan
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmad H Alghadir
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Cai H, Zheng Y, Chen Y, Lu Q, Hong W, Guo Q, Zheng S. Miao medicine Gu Yan Xiao tincture inhibits mTOR to stimulate chondrocyte autophagy in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118095. [PMID: 38548121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Gu Yan Xiao tincture, a blend of traditional Chinese herbs, is traditionally used for osteoarthritis and related pain. This study investigated its mechanism of action in order to rationalize and validate its therapeutic use. AIM OF THE STUDY This study analyzed, in a rabbit model of knee osteoarthritis, whether and how Gu Yan Xiao tincture exerts therapeutic benefits by modulating chondrocyte autophagy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The active constituents within the GYX tincture were identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The rabbit model was established by injecting animals with type II collagenase intra-articularly, and the effects of topically applied tincture were examined on osteoarthritis lesions of the knee using histopathology, micro-computed tomography and x-ray imaging. Effects of the tincture were also evaluated on levels of inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteases, and autophagy in chondrocytes. As a positive control, animals were treated with sodium diclofenac. RESULTS The tincture mitigated the reduction in joint space, hyperplasia of the synovium and matrix metalloproteases in serum that occurred after injection of type II collagenase in rabbits. These therapeutic effects were associated with inhibition of mTOR and activation of autophagy in articular chondrocytes. Inhibiting mTOR with rapamycin potentiated the therapeutic effects of the tincture, while inhibiting autophagy with 3-methyladenine antagonized them. CONCLUSIONS Gu Yan Xiao tincture mitigates tissue injury in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis, at least in part by inhibiting mTOR and thereby promoting autophagy in chondrocytes. These results rationalize the use of the tincture not only against osteoarthritis but also potentially other diseases involving inhibition of autophagy in bones and joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Cai
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Yuhao Zheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Yinying Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Qing Lu
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Wu Hong
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Qiucheng Guo
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Shuguang Zheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Dalmao-Fernández A, Hermida-Gómez T, Nogueira-Recalde U, Rego-Pérez I, Blanco-Garcia FJ, Fernández-Moreno M. Mitochondrial Role on Cellular Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Senescence during Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis. Cells 2024; 13:976. [PMID: 38891108 PMCID: PMC11172191 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Authors have demonstrated that apoptosis activation is a pathway related to cartilage degradation characteristics of the OA process. Autophagy is an adaptive response to protect cells from various environmental changes, and defects in autophagy are linked to cell death. In this sense, decreased autophagy of chondrocytes has been observed in OA articular cartilage. The aim of this work was to study the role of OA mitochondria in apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence, using OA and Normal (N) transmitochondrial cybrids. Results: OA cybrids incubated with menadione showed a higher percentage of late apoptosis and necrosis than N cybrids. Stimulation of cybrids with staurosporine and IL-1β showed that OA cybrids were more susceptible to undergoing apoptosis than N cybrids. An analysis of the antioxidant response using menadione on gene expression revealed a lower expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 and superoxide dismutase 2 in OA than N cybrids. Activation of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 was reduced in OA compared to N cybrids. However, the percentage of senescent cells was higher in OA than N cybrids. Conclusion: This work suggests that mitochondria from OA patients could be involved in the apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence of chondrocytes described in OA cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dalmao-Fernández
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade de A Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (A.D.-F.); (T.H.-G.); (U.N.-R.); (I.R.-P.)
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tamara Hermida-Gómez
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade de A Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (A.D.-F.); (T.H.-G.); (U.N.-R.); (I.R.-P.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología (CICA), Universidade de A Coruña (UDC), Campus de Elviña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioingenieria, Biomatereiales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Uxia Nogueira-Recalde
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade de A Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (A.D.-F.); (T.H.-G.); (U.N.-R.); (I.R.-P.)
| | - Ignacio Rego-Pérez
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade de A Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (A.D.-F.); (T.H.-G.); (U.N.-R.); (I.R.-P.)
| | - Francisco J. Blanco-Garcia
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade de A Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (A.D.-F.); (T.H.-G.); (U.N.-R.); (I.R.-P.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología (CICA), INIBIC-Sergas, Universidade de A Coruña (UDC), Campus de Oza, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mercedes Fernández-Moreno
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade de A Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain; (A.D.-F.); (T.H.-G.); (U.N.-R.); (I.R.-P.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología (CICA), Universidade de A Coruña (UDC), Campus de Elviña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
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Wang Q, Yang J, Pan R, Zha Z. LncRNA SNHG1 overexpression alleviates osteoarthritis via activating PI3K/Akt signal pathway and suppressing autophagy. Immunobiology 2024; 229:152799. [PMID: 38636283 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
We hereby intend to further explore and confirm the underlying mechanism of Small nucleolar RNA Host Gene 1 (SNHG1) in osteoarthritis (OA). For in vitro assays, OA was induced in primary chondrocytes with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) treatment; while for in vivo tests, OA model was established in mice using the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) method. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed with MTT and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Cartilage tissue was stained by Safranin-O/Fast Green Staining. The mRNA and protein levels were separately determined via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. SNHG1 overexpression promoted the viability yet inhibited the apoptosis of chondrocytes injured by IL-1β. Moreover, the overexpression of SNHG1 promoted B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression and activated phosphoinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway but suppressed the process of autophagy, which led to down-regulation of light chain 3 (LC3)-II/I level and up-regulation of P62 level. However, rapamycin (RAPA, an autophagy activator) and LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) reversed the effects of SNHG1 overexpression on the viability and apoptosis of chondrocytes as well as on the proteins related to PI3K/Akt pathway and autophagy. In OA-modeled mice, SNHG1 overexpression prevented the loss of chondrocytes via the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway and the suppression of autophagy. SNHG1 overexpression might inhibit the apoptosis of chondrocytes by promoting PI3K/Akt pathway and inhibiting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases and Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases and Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Pan
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases and Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengang Zha
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases and Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong, China.
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Wei Q, Yu Z, Yang P, Chen X. Baicalin Maintains Articular Cartilage Homeostasis and Alleviates Osteoarthritis by Activating FOXO1. J Med Food 2024; 27:301-311. [PMID: 38377551 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Baicalin has been acknowledged for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, its potential impact on osteoarthritis (OA) has not yet been explored. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the effects of Baicalin on OA, both in laboratory and animal models. To evaluate its efficacy, human chondrocytes affected by OA were treated with interleukin-1β and/or Baicalin. The effects were then assessed through viability tests using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method and flow cytometry. In addition, we analyzed the expressions of various factors such as FOXO1, autophagy, apoptosis, and cartilage synthesis and breakdown to corroborate the effects of Baicalin. We also assessed the severity of OA through analysis of tissue samples. Our findings demonstrate that Baicalin effectively suppresses inflammatory cytokines and MMP-13 levels caused by collagenase-induced osteoarthritis, while simultaneously preserving the levels of Aggrecan and Col2. Furthermore, Baicalin has been shown to enhance autophagy. Through the use of FOXO1 inhibitors, lentivirus-mediated knockdown, and chromatin immunoprecipitation, we verified that Baicalin exerts its protective effects by activating FOXO1, which binds to the Beclin-1 promoter, thereby promoting autophagy. In conclusion, our results show that Baicalin has potential as a therapeutic agent for treating OA (Clinical Trial Registration number: 2023-61).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Rongchang District, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaoping Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Rongchang District, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Rongchang District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Rongchang District, Chongqing, China
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Guo Y, Tian T, Yang S, Cai Y. Ginsenoside Rg1/ADSCs supplemented with hyaluronic acid as the matrix improves rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2024; 40:253-274. [PMID: 36892223 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2183575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether and how ginsenoside Rg1/ADSCs supplemented with hyaluronic acid as the matrix can improve rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis. METHOD Isolate and culture adipose stem cells, measure the activity of differentiated chondrocytes by MTT assay and expression of type II collagen in these cells by immunohistochemistry, in order to evaluate the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on adipose stem cell proliferation and differentiation into chondrocytes.32 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: blank group, model group, control group and experimental group, 8 in each group. Osteoarthritis model was established by intra-articular injection of papain. Two weeks after successful model building, medication was given for the rabbits in control group and experimental group. 0.6 mL ginsenoside Rg1/ ADSCs suspension was injected into superior joint space for the rabbits in control group, once a week; 0.6 mL ginsenoside Rg1/ ADSCs complex was injected for the rabbits in experimental group, once a week. RESULTS Ginsenoside Rg1 can promote ADSCs-derived chondrocytes' activity and expression of type II collagen. Scanning electron microscopy histology images showed cartilage lesions of the experimental group was significantly improved in comparison with control group. CONCLUSION Ginsenoside Rg1 can promote ADSCs differentiate into chondrocytes, and Ginsenoside Rg1/ADSCs supplemented with hyaluronic acid as the matrix can significantly improve rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jining Stomatology Hospital, Jining City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tingyu Tian
- The second Department of Pediatric Stomatology, Jinan Stomatology Hospital, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shimao Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jinan Stomatology Hospital, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuping Cai
- Department of prosthodontics, Jinan Stomatology Hospital, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
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10
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Liu L, Wang J, Liu L, Shi W, Gao H, Liu L. The dysregulated autophagy in osteoarthritis: Revisiting molecular profile. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024:S0079-6107(24)00034-8. [PMID: 38531488 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The risk factors of osteoarthritis (OA) are different and obesity, lifestyle, inflammation, cell death mechanisms and diabetes mellitus are among them. The changes in the biological mechanisms are considered as main regulators of OA pathogenesis. The dysregulation of autophagy is observed in different human diseases. During the pathogenesis of OA, the autophagy levels (induction or inhibition) change. The supportive and pro-survival function of autophagy can retard the progression of OA. The protective autophagy prevents the cartilage degeneration. Moreover, autophagy demonstrates interactions with cell death mechanisms and through inhibition of apoptosis and necroptosis, it improves OA. The non-coding RNA molecules can regulate autophagy and through direct and indirect control of autophagy, they dually delay/increase OA pathogenesis. The mitochondrial integrity can be regulated by autophagy to alleviate OA. Furthermore, therapeutic compounds, especially phytochemicals, stimulate protective autophagy in chondrocytes to prevent cell death. The protective autophagy has ability of reducing inflammation and oxidative damage, as two key players in the pathogenesis of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Pingdu, 266000, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Pingdu, 266000, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tianbao Central Health Hospital, Xintai City, Shandong Province, Shandong, Xintai, 271200, China
| | - Wenling Shi
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Pingdu, 266000, China
| | - Huajie Gao
- Operating Room of Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao, Pingdu, 266000, China
| | - Lun Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Pingdu, 266000, China.
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11
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Saengsiwaritt W, Jittikoon J, Chaikledkaew U, Tawonsawatruk T, Honsawek S, Udomsinprasert W. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on circulating level of autophagosome protein LC3A, inflammation, and physical performance in knee osteoarthritis. Clin Transl Sci 2023; 16:2543-2556. [PMID: 37749758 PMCID: PMC10719460 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant autophagic activity is observed in osteoarthritic joints. Vitamin D was shown to alleviate not only osteoarthritis severity, but also autophagy process. However, the influence of vitamin D on autophagy in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) remains ambiguous. This study aimed to determine the effect of vitamin D2 on serum levels of autophagosome protein LC3A in patients with KOA and whether LC3A levels were correlated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and clinical outcomes of patients with KOA. A total of 165 patients with KOA and 25 healthy controls were recruited. Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) was administered to patients with KOA at a weekly dosage of 40,000 IU. Serum LC3A, knee pain and functional scores, muscle strength, physical performance, and biochemical parameters were examined before and after 6 months of vitamin D2 supplementation. Serum LC3A levels were significantly higher in patients with KOA than healthy controls. In patients with KOA, vitamin D2 supplementation significantly decreased serum LC3A levels. Furthermore, baseline levels of serum LC3A were significantly associated with radiographic severity, pain and functional scores, total cholesterol, hs-CRP, IL-6, protein carbonyl, and serum 25(OH)D. After adjusting for established confounders, independent relationships among serum LC3A and radiographic severity, pain and functional scores, total cholesterol, hs-CRP, IL-6, protein carbonyl, and serum 25(OH)D were also observed. Vitamin D2 supplementation was shown to not only decrease serum levels of LC3A, inflammatory markers, as well as oxidative stress, but also improve muscle strength and physical performance in patients with KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiraphun Jittikoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of PharmacyMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Usa Chaikledkaew
- Social and Administrative Pharmacy Division, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of PharmacyMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
- Mahidol University Health Technology Assessment (MUHTA) Graduate ProgramMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Tulyapruek Tawonsawatruk
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Sittisak Honsawek
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton, Faculty of Medicine and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross SocietyChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
- Department of Orthopaedics, Vinai Parkpian Orthopaedic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross SocietyChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
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12
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Ni B, Yan J, Cai W, Xiao Y, Tu C. Tizoxanide as a novel theraputic candidate for osteoarthritis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19472. [PMID: 37662752 PMCID: PMC10472306 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a frequently seen degenerative joint disease in the elderly. Its pathogenesis is highly related to the local inflammatory reaction and autophagy. Tizoxanide (Tiz), the main active metabolite of nitazoxanide, has proved its anti-inflammatory properties in several diseases. However, the exact role of Tiz in OA remains to explore. In this study, we investigated the anti-arthritic effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms of Tiz on rat OA. The results showed that Tiz could attenuate the IL-1β-induced inflammatory disorders, cartilage matrix damage and autophagy reduction in rat chondrocytes. Moreover, employment of autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) could antagonize the protective effects of Tiz in IL-1β-treated rat chondrocytes. Additionally, Tiz also inhibited the IL-1β-induced PI3K/AKT/mTOR and P38/JNK phosphorylation in chondrocytes. In vivo, intra-articular injection of Tiz could significantly alleviate the progression of cartilage damage in rat OA model. Briefly, our study demonstrated the therapeutic potential of Tiz in OA, suggesting that Tiz administration might serve as a promising strategy in OA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan Third Hopspital, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jiyuan Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wenxiang Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yifan Xiao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Medical College, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chang Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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13
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Xu W, Wang J, Cui L, Huang C, Xia N, Xie M, Liu D, Liao D. Il-1β Promotes Superficial Zone Cells Senescence in Articular Cartilage by Inhibiting Autophagy. Cartilage 2023:19476035231194771. [PMID: 37650417 DOI: 10.1177/19476035231194771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The superficial zone cells in articular cartilage (SFZCs) have been identified as stem/progenitor chondrocytes and promoted cell self-renewal in the osteoarthritis (OA). Several studies emphasized the involvement of senescence and autophagy in OA. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the main inflammatory mediators of OA, and whether it induces senescence and autophagy in SFZCs remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate autophagy flux, mitochondrial function, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) that resulted in senescence in SFZCs induced by IL-1β. METHODS Using western blotting, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence, intracellular ROS detection, mitochondrial staining, and determination of mitochondrial membrane potential, we tested senescence and autophagy markers in SFZCs induced by IL-1β in vitro. The consequences of mitochondrial function and ROS were also studied with IL-1β-induced senescence. RESULTS IL-1β treatment decreased SFZC proliferation, induced SFZC senescence, and reduced SFZCs' chondrogenic differentiation capacity. Moreover, IL-1β impaired autophagy flux, and the autophagy activator, rapamycin, attenuated the senescence of SFZCs. IL-1β-induced autophagy defect resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction and overproduction of ROS, and autophagy activation notably protected against mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced the levels of ROS. Moreover, antioxidant N-acetylcysteine reversed the senescence of IL-1β in SFZCs. CONCLUSION IL-1β promotes autophagy impairment and subsequently results in dysfunctional mitochondria and overproduction of ROS, which finally causes SFZC senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Trauma Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Pain Treatment, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Cui
- Trauma Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Trauma Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, China
| | - Meiming Xie
- Trauma Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, China
| | - Da Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongfa Liao
- Trauma Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, China
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14
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Long L, Zou G, Cheng Y, Li F, Wu H, Shen Y. MATN3 delivered by exosome from synovial mesenchymal stem cells relieves knee osteoarthritis: Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies. J Orthop Translat 2023; 41:20-32. [PMID: 37635810 PMCID: PMC10448336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Synovial mesenchymal stem cell (SMSC) exerts chondroprotective effects in osteoarthritis (OA) clinical models. However, the regulatory potentials of SMSC-derived exosomes (SMSC-Exo) in OA still need to be discovered, which attracted our attention. Methods The destabilization of the medial meniscus surgery was performed on the knee joints of a mouse OA model, followed by injection of SMSC-Exo. In addition, SMSC-Exo was administrated to mouse chondrocytes to observe the functional and molecular alterations. Results Both of SMSC-Exo and overexpression of Matrilin-3 (MATN3) alleviated cartilage destruction and suppressed degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the OA rat model. In addition, assays concerning the in vitro OA model induced by IL-1β showed that SMSC-Exo could promote chondrocyte viability and inhibit autophagy defects. Furthermore, SMSC-Exo achieved the chondroprotective effects through the delivery of MATN3/IL-17A, and MATN3 could suppress the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling through IL-17A. Conclusion SMSC-Exo exerts beneficial therapeutic effects on OA by preventing ECM degradation and autophagy defects by delivering MATN3/IL-17A. The Translational Potential of this Article The translational potential of this study is not only limited to the treatment of knee osteoarthritis but also provides new insights for the treatment of other joint diseases by exploring the mechanism of MATN3. In addition, SMSCExo, as a novel drug carrier, has great potential for treating and diagnosing other diseases. With further research, these findings will provide new directions for developing personalized and innovative treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Long
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guoyou Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yixin Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu Province, China
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15
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Liu Z, Wang T, Sun X, Nie M. Autophagy and apoptosis: regulatory factors of chondrocyte phenotype transition in osteoarthritis. Hum Cell 2023:10.1007/s13577-023-00926-2. [PMID: 37277675 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00926-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the main pathogenic factor in diseases that cause joint deformities. As the main manifestation of the progress of OA, cartilage degradation has been closely associated with the degeneration of chondrocytes, which is induced by inflammatory factors and other trauma factors. Autophagy and apoptosis are the main mechanisms for cells to maintain homeostasis and play crucial roles in OA. Under the influence of external environmental factors (such as aging and injury), the metabolism of cells can be altered, which may affect the extent of autophagy and apoptosis. With the progression of OA, these changes can alter the cell phenotypes, and the cells of different phenotypes display distinct differences in morphology and function. In this review, we have summarized the alteration in cell metabolism, autophagy, and the extent of apoptosis during OA progression and its effects on the cell phenotypes to provide new ideas for further research on the mechanisms of phenotypic transition and therapeutic strategies so as to reverse the cell phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Liu
- Center for Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- Center for Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianding Sun
- Center for Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mao Nie
- Center for Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Wakale S, Wu X, Sonar Y, Sun A, Fan X, Crawford R, Prasadam I. How are Aging and Osteoarthritis Related? Aging Dis 2023; 14:592-604. [PMID: 37191424 PMCID: PMC10187698 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease and one of the leading causes of physical impairment in the world's aging population. The human lifespan has significantly increased as a result of scientific and technological advancements. According to estimates, the world's elderly population will increase by 20% by 2050. Aging and age-related changes are discussed in this review in relation to the development of OA. We specifically discussed the cellular and molecular changes that occur in the chondrocytes during aging and how these changes may make synovial joints more susceptible to OA development. These changes include chondrocyte senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic modifications, and decreased growth factor response. The age-associated changes occur not only in the chondrocytes but also in the matrix, subchondral bone, and synovium. This review aims to provide an overview of the interplay between chondrocytes and matrix and how age-related changes affect the normal function of cartilage and contribute to OA development. Understanding the alterations that affect the function of chondrocytes will emerge new possibilities for prospective therapeutic options for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shital Wakale
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Xiaoxin Wu
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Yogita Sonar
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Antonia Sun
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Xiwei Fan
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Ross Crawford
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- Orthopaedic Department, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Indira Prasadam
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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17
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Xie Y, Lei X, Zhao G, Guo R, Cui N. mTOR in programmed cell death and its therapeutic implications. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 71-72:66-81. [PMID: 37380596 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), a highly conserved serine/threonine kinase, is involved in cellular metabolism, protein synthesis, and cell death. Programmed cell death (PCD) assists in eliminating aging, damaged, or neoplastic cells, and is indispensable for sustaining normal growth, fighting pathogenic microorganisms, and maintaining body homeostasis. mTOR has crucial functions in the intricate signaling pathway network of multiple forms of PCD. mTOR can inhibit autophagy, which is part of PCD regulation. Cell survival is affected by mTOR through autophagy to control reactive oxygen species production and the degradation of pertinent proteins. Additionally, mTOR can regulate PCD in an autophagy-independent manner by affecting the expression levels of related genes and phosphorylating proteins. Therefore, mTOR acts through both autophagy-dependent and -independent pathways to regulate PCD. It is conceivable that mTOR exerts bidirectional regulation of PCD, such as ferroptosis, according to the complexity of signaling pathway networks, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully explained. This review summarizes the recent advances in understanding mTOR-mediated regulatory mechanisms in PCD. Rigorous investigations into PCD-related signaling pathways have provided prospective therapeutic targets that may be clinically beneficial for treating various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xianli Lei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guoyu Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Na Cui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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18
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Chen B, Ning K, Sun ML, Zhang XA. Regulation and therapy, the role of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in OA: a systematic review. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:67. [PMID: 37013568 PMCID: PMC10071628 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01094-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial chronic disease primarily characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage. Currently, there is a lack of effective treatments for OA other than surgery. The exploration of the mechanisms of occurrence is important in exploring other new and effective treatments for OA. The current evidence shows that the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway plays a vital role in cytogenesis and is involved in OA progression. The terms "JAK2", "STAT3", and "Osteoarthritis"were used in a comprehensive literature search in PubMed to further investigate the relationship between the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and OA. This review focuses on the role and mechanism of JAK2/STAT3 signaling in cartilage degradation, subchondral bone dysfunction, and synovial inflammation. In addition, this review summarizes recent evidence of therapeutic approaches to treat OA by targeting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway to accelerate the translation of evidence into the progression of strategies for OA treatment. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ke Ning
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming-Li Sun
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin-An Zhang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China.
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19
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Jiang L, Moqbel SAA, Zhu J, Fu Q, Lai J, Lin C, Wu L. Nesfatin-1 suppresses autophagy of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis via remodeling of cytoskeleton and inhibiting RhoA/ROCK signal pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:153. [PMID: 36859270 PMCID: PMC9979404 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03539-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and cytoskeleton integrity of chondrocytes are a considered as major factors in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) involving excessive chondrocyte apoptosis and senescence. Nesfatin-1, an adipokine, has been reported to be closely related to cell autophagy and cytoskeleton malfunction. Our previous study found that nesfatin-1 was highly correlated with OA progress in OA patient, and the expression of nesfatin-1 rises in knee articular tissue, serum and chondrocytes. In current study, we aimed to explore the therapeutic effect of nesfatin-1 on OA and its molecular mechanism related to chondrocyte autophagy and cytoskeleton malfunction. We firstly demonstrated that nesfatin-1 effectively suppressed excessive autophagy of OA chondrocytes at both gene and protein levels. Meanwhile, we also found that nesfatin-1 significantly improved cytoskeleton integrity by showing higher F-actin/G-actin ratio, as well as more organized actin fiber structure. Mechanistically, utility of RhoA activator and inhibitor revealed that regulation of autophagy and cytoskeleton integrity via nesfatin-1 was realized via RhoA/ROCK pathway. We also confirmed that nesfatin-1 significantly ameliorated IL-1β induced cartilage degeneration via destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model. Overall, our study indicates that nesfatin-1 might be a promising therapeutic molecule for OA intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China. .,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Safwat Adel Abdo Moqbel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junxiong Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiangchang Fu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiabin Lai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changjian Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lidong Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China. .,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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20
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Li J, Chen H, Cai L, Guo D, Zhang D, Zhou X, Xie J. SDF-1α Promotes Chondrocyte Autophagy through CXCR4/mTOR Signaling Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:1710. [PMID: 36675225 PMCID: PMC9867011 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
SDF-1α, the most common isoform of stromal cell-derived factor 1, has shown vital effects in regulating chondrocyte proliferation, maturation, and chondrogenesis. Autophagy is a highly conserved biological process to help chondrocytes survive in harsh environments. However, the effect of SDF-1α on chondrocyte autophagy is still unknown. This study aims to investigate the effect of SDF-1α on chondrocyte autophagy and the underlying biomechanism. Transmission electron microscope assays and mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenovirus double label transfection assays were performed to detect the autophagic flux of chondrocytes. Western blots and immunofluorescence staining assays were used to detect the expression of autophagy-related proteins in chondrocytes. RNA sequencing and qPCR were conducted to assess changes in autophagy-related mRNA expression. SDF-1α upregulated the number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes in chondrocytes. It also increased the expression of autophagy-related proteins including ULK-1, Beclin-1 and LC3B, and decreased the expression of p62, an autophagy substrate protein. SDF-1α-mediated autophagy of chondrocytes required the participation of receptor CXCR4. Moreover, SDF-1α-enhanced autophagy of chondrocytes was through the inhibition of phosphorylation of mTOR signaling on the upstream of autophagy. Knockdown by siRNA and inhibition by signaling inhibitor further confirmed the importance of the CXCR4/mTOR signaling axis in SDF-1α-induced autophagy of chondrocytes. For the first time, this study elucidated that SDF-1α promotes chondrocyte autophagy through the CXCR4/mTOR signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Daimo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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21
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Li Y, Shen B, Lv C, Zhu X, Naren Q, Xu D, Chen H, Wu F. Methyl gallate prevents oxidative stress induced apoptosis and ECM degradation in chondrocytes via restoring Sirt3 mediated autophagy and ameliorates osteoarthritis progression. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109489. [PMID: 36459925 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common age-related degenerative disease involving various pathological processes, among which apoptosis in chondrocyte and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation are the main pathologies. Previous studies have shown that autophagy has a protective effect on apoptosis and ECM degradation in chondrocytes. Methyl gallate (MG) is a natural polyphenol from various medicinal and edible plants. Moreover, several studies have demonstrated that MG exerts multiple pharmacological effects in various diseases, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptosis. Hence, in this study, we investigate the protective effect of MG on the pathological process of OA in cellular and mice OA model to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. In vitro, MG treatment inhibits the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and promotes the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins under TBHP stimulation. Meanwhile, MG treatment promotes the expression of Collagen II and Aggrecan and inhibits the expression of matrix-degrading enzymes thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13), which lead to ECM degradation. Furthermore, in terms of mechanism, MG treatment enhances autophagy by upregulating SIRT3 expression, and inhibition of autophagy could eliminate the protective effect of MG on chondrocytes in terms of anti-apoptosis and ECM synthesis. The protective effect of MG on OA has also been observed in mice OA model. In brief, our study suggests that MG could be a potential candidate for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cunxian Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xinyi Zhu
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiqige Naren
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - He Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fengmiao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Pan X, Cen X, Xiong X, Zhao Z, Huang X. miR-17-92 cluster in osteoarthritis: Regulatory roles and clinical utility. Front Genet 2022; 13:982008. [PMID: 36523768 PMCID: PMC9745093 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.982008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent articular disease, especially in aged population. Caused by multi-factors (e.g., trauma, inflammation, and overloading), OA leads to pain and disability in affected joints, which decreases patients' quality of life and increases social burden. In pathophysiology, OA is mainly characterized by cartilage hypertrophy or defect, subchondral bone sclerosis, and synovitis. The homeostasis of cell-cell communication is disturbed as well in such pro-inflammatory microenvironment, which provides clues for the diagnosis and treatment of OA. MicoRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate various processes via post-transcriptional mechanisms. The miR-17-92 cluster is an miRNA polycistron encoded by the host gene called MIR17HG. Mature miRNAs generated from MIR17HG participate in biological activities such as oncogenesis, neurogenesis, and modulation of the immune system. Accumulating evidence also indicates that the expression level of miRNAs in the miR-17-92 cluster is tightly related to the pathological processes of OA, such as chondrocyte apoptosis, extracellular matrix degradation, bone remodeling, and synovitis. In this review, we aim to summarize the roles of the miR-17-92 cluster in the underlying molecular mechanism during the development and progression of OA and shed light on the new avenue of the diagnosis and treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiner Xiong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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23
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Tang H, Qin K, Wang A, Li S, Fang S, Gao W, Lu M, Huang W, Zhang H, Yin Z. 3,3'-diindolylmethane inhibits LPS-induced human chondrocytes apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation by activating PI3K-Akt-mTOR-mediated autophagy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:999851. [PMID: 36438802 PMCID: PMC9684728 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.999851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by articular cartilage destruction. The pathological mechanisms are complex; in particular, inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis are often involved. 3,3-Diindolylmethane (DIM), a phytoconstituent extracted from cruciferous vegetables, has various effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic. However, the effects of DIM on osteoarthritic chondrocytes remain undetermined. In this study, we simulated a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced osteoarthritis model in human primary chondrocytes. We found that LPS stimulation significantly inhibited autophagy, induced chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, which could be ameliorated by DIM. DIM inhibited the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 5 (ADAMTS-5), matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13), cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and p62, and increased the expression level of collagen II, aggrecan, Bcl-2, light chain 3 Ⅱ (LC3 Ⅱ), and beclin-1. Mechanistic studies showed that DIM increased chondrocyte autophagy levels by inhibiting the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. In mice destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model, immunohistochemical analysis showed that DIM inhibited the expression of p-PI3K and cleaved caspase-3, increased the expression of LC3 Ⅱ. Furthermore, DIM relieved joint cartilage degeneration. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate for the first time that DIM inhibits LPS-induced chondrocyte apoptosis and ECM degradation by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR-autophagy axis and delays OA progression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kunpeng Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Anquan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Sheng Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Weilu Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zongsheng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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24
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Kao WC, Chen JC, Liu PC, Lu CC, Lin SY, Chuang SC, Wu SC, Chang LH, Lee MJ, Yang CD, Lee TC, Wang YC, Li JY, Wei CW, Chen CH. The Role of Autophagy in Osteoarthritic Cartilage. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101357. [PMID: 36291565 PMCID: PMC9599131 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common diseases leading to physical disability, with age being the main risk factor, and degeneration of articular cartilage is the main focus for the pathogenesis of OA. Autophagy is a crucial intracellular homeostasis system recycling flawed macromolecules and cellular organelles to sustain the metabolism of cells. Growing evidences have revealed that autophagy is chondroprotective by regulating apoptosis and repairing the function of damaged chondrocytes. Then, OA is related to autophagy depending on different stages and models. In this review, we discuss the character of autophagy in OA and the process of the autophagy pathway, which can be modulated by some drugs, key molecules and non-coding RNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs). More in-depth investigations of autophagy are needed to find therapeutic targets or diagnostic biomarkers through in vitro and in vivo situations, making autophagy a more effective way for OA treatment in the future. The aim of this review is to introduce the concept of autophagy and make readers realize its impact on OA. The database we searched in is PubMed and we used the keywords listed below to find appropriate article resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Kao
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chih Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Cheng Liu
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Yen Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Cheng Wu
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ling-hua Chang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Mon-Juan Lee
- Department of Medical Science Industries, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 71101, Taiwan
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 71101, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Da Yang
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Ching Lee
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chun Wang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Jhong-You Li
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wang Wei
- Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.W.); (C.-H.C.); Tel.: +886-7-3121101 (ext. 2648#19) (C-W.W.); +886-7-3209209 (C.-H.C.)
| | - Chung-Hwan Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80420, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.W.); (C.-H.C.); Tel.: +886-7-3121101 (ext. 2648#19) (C-W.W.); +886-7-3209209 (C.-H.C.)
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Effect of short-term high fat diet on resistin levels and expression of autophagy-related genes in the cartilage of male rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15313. [PMID: 36097281 PMCID: PMC9468003 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a significant risk factor for the development of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, the precise molecular mechanisms linking obesity to OA remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of short-term high-fat diet (HFD) on the development of OA and the possible role of the adipokine resistin and autophagy-related genes in mediating this effect. Thirty adult male Wistar rats were equally divided into 2 groups: control and obese groups. Body mass index (BMI), levels of lipid profile, glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR index were significantly higher in the obese group compared with control. Our results revealed significantly higher serum and cartilage resistin levels with a significant increase in the mRNA expressions of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) as well as protein levels of IL-1β, matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), ADAMTS 5 (aggrecanase-2) and caspase-3 in the cartilage of obese rats. The HFD induced a significant upregulation of autophagy related 5 (ATG5), beclin-1 and light chain 3 (LC3) mRNA expressions and a significant downregulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expression in cartilage. The protein levels of cartilage ATG5 were also significantly elevated in HFD-fed group. In conclusion, we suggested that increased levels of resistin and expression of autophagy-related genes may contribute in part, to OA development in HFD-fed rats. This provides a novel insight into the early molecular changes in the cartilage associated with obesity.
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Luo W, Lin Z, Yuan Y, Wu Z, Zhong W, Liu Q. Osteopontin (OPN) alleviates the progression of osteoarthritis by promoting the anabolism of chondrocytes. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Bai RJ, Liu D, Li YS, Tian J, Yu DJ, Li HZ, Zhang FJ. OPN inhibits autophagy through CD44, integrin and the MAPK pathway in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:919366. [PMID: 36034459 PMCID: PMC9411521 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.919366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate whether osteopontin (OPN) affects autophagy in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes and determine the roles of CD44, αvβ3 integrin and the Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in this progress. Methods First, we compared the autophagy levels in the human osteoarthritis (OA) and normal cartilage, then, we cultured human OA chondrocytes in vitro and treated cells with recombinant human OPN (rhOPN) to determine autophagy changes. Next, the anti-CD44 and anti-CD51/61 monoclonal antibodies (Abs) or isotype IgG were used to determine the possible role of CD44 and αvβ3 integrin; subsequently, an inhibitor of the ERK MAPK pathway was used to investigate the role of ERK MAPK. Western blotting was used to measure the Beclin1, LC3 II and MAPK proteins expressions, mRFP-GFP-LC3 confocal imaging and transmission electron microscopy were also used to detect the autophagy levels. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to assay the proliferation and activity of chondrocytes. Results The LC3 protein was greatly decreased in OA cartilage compared to normal cartilage, and OPN suppressed the autophagy activity in chondrocytes in vitro. Blocking experiments with anti-CD44 and anti-CD51/61 Abs indicated that OPN could suppress the expression of LC3II and Beclin1 through αvβ3 integrin and CD44. Our results also indicated that the ratio of p-ERK/ERK but not p-P38/P38 and p-JNK/JNK was increased after the rhOPN treatment. The ERK inhibitor inhibited the activity of OPN in the suppression of autophagy, and the CCK-8 results showed that rhOPN could promote chondrocyte proliferation. Conclusion OPN inhibited chondrocyte autophagy through CD44 and αvβ3 integrin receptors and via the ERK MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Jun Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Deng-Jie Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Heng-Zhen Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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28
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Han H, Chen M, Li Z, Zhou S, Wu Y, Wei J. Corosolic Acid Protects Rat Chondrocytes Against IL-1β-Induced ECM Degradation by Activating Autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway and Ameliorates Rat Osteoarthritis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:2627-2637. [PMID: 35965964 PMCID: PMC9364989 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s365279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related degenerative disease associated with enhanced degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and decreased autophagy. Our study is aimed to explore how corosolic acid (CRA) affect cartilage ECM metabolism and the potential mechanism. Methods Rat chondrocytes were pretreated with different concentrations of CRA (0, 2.5, 5, and 10 μM), and were stimulated with IL-1β (10ng/mL) for 24 h, subsequently. RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of genes related to ECM metabolism and explore the potential molecular mechanism. The effect of CRA on articular cartilage was observed in the surgically induced OA rat model with the method of Safranin O/Fast green and immunohistochemical staining. Results Results showed that CRA reversed the IL-1β-induced degradation of aggrecan and type II collagen and the high expression of MMP13 and ADAMTS5. Mechanistically, CRA enhanced autophagy through inhibiting the classical PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, inhibition of autophagy partly abolished the protective effects of CRA on ECM synthesis in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. Correspondingly, the protective effect of CRA was also confirmed in a rat OA model. Conclusion Herein, we demonstrate that CRA can enhance autophagy by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, prevent IL-1β-induced cartilage ECM degradation, and may be a potentially applicable candidate for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Han
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Orthopedics, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siqi Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingbin Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Wei
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Orthopedics, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jian Wei, Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Orthopedics, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13669663233, Email
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CDDO-Im ameliorates osteoarthritis and inhibits chondrocyte apoptosis in mice via enhancing Nrf2-dependent autophagy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1793-1802. [PMID: 34754093 PMCID: PMC9253092 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00782-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent chronic degenerative joint disease with few treatment options. The pathogenesis of OA is characterized by sustained inflammation, oxidative stress and chondrocyte apoptosis that eventually lead to cartilage degradation and joint dysfunction. In the present study, we identified a synthetic triterpenoid CDDO-Im(1-[2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oyl] imidazole) as an activator of Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) that displayed strong anti-OA effects. We showed that CDDO-Im (20 nM) significantly alleviated TNF-α-induced apoptosis of primary human chondrocytes and extracellular matrix degradation. In a mouse OA model incurred by DMM (destabilization of medial meniscus), administration of CDDO-Im (2.5 mg/kg, ip, every other day for 8 weeks) effectively reduced knee joint cartilage erosion and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6. We revealed that CDDO-Im (20 nM) significantly enhanced autophagy activities in chondrocytes, whereas the autophagy inhibition by chloroquine (CQ, 50 μM) or 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM) abrogated the anti-apoptosis and chondroprotective effects of CDDO-Im in TNF-α-treated chondrocytes. Moreover, we confirmed that CDDO-Im (1-20 nM) dose-dependently activated Nrf2 pathway in TNF-α-treated chondrocytes, and its chondroprotective and autophagy-enhancing effects were significantly diminished when Nrf2 signaling was blocked by Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 (20 μM) or siRNA-mediated Nrf2 knockdown. Together, our results demonstrate that CDDO-Im exhibits prominent chondroprotective and anti-OA activities owing to its Nrf2 activation and autophagy-enhancing properties, which might provide new insights into the strategies of OA clinical prevention and treatment.
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30
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IL-27 regulates autophagy in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes via STAT3 signaling. Immunobiology 2022; 227:152241. [PMID: 35820245 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly prevalent autoimmune condition associated with pronounced synovial inflammation. The majority of RA patients required long-term treatment to control disease progression, thus imposing a significant financial burden on affected individuals. The development of RA is critically influenced by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) within the synovial lining. IL-27 is an IL-6/IL-12 family cytokine that has recently been shown to play varied pro-inflammatory or protective roles in particular autoimmune diseases. However, the effects of IL-27 on FLSs in the context of RA have yet to be clarified and warrant further research. This study was developed to evaluate the impact of IL-27 treatment on apoptotic and autophagic activity in RA-associated FLSs, with a particular focus on the role of the STAT3 pathway in this regulatory context. Through these experiments, we found that IL-27 was able to suppress FLS proliferation and autophagic activity, with a high dose of this cytokine (100 ng/mL) markedly suppressing autophagy while simultaneously inducing some level of cellular apoptosis. The STAT3 inhibitor STA21 was found to reverse the IL-27-mediated suppression of autophagic activity in these RA-associated FLSs. Imbalanced cellular proliferation and apoptosis is of critical importance in the context of RA progression, and we found that IL-27 was able to regulate such imbalance and to enhance the apoptotic activity of RA FLSs by inhibiting rapamycin-activated autophagy. Together, these results indicate that IL-27 can regulate autophagic activity within RA-associated FLSs via the STAT3 signaling pathway, leading to inhibition of cellular proliferation.
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Yao M, Zhang C, Ni L, Ji X, Hong J, Chen Y, Wang J, Li C, Lin J, Lu T, Sheng Y, Sun M, Shi M, Zhou C, Cai X. Cepharanthine Ameliorates Chondrocytic Inflammation and Osteoarthritis via Regulating the MAPK/NF-κB-Autophagy Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:854239. [PMID: 35800437 PMCID: PMC9253373 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.854239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a worldwide joint disease caused by abnormal chondrocytic metabolism. However, traditional therapeutic methods aimed at anti-inflammation for early-stage disease are palliative. In the present study, we demonstrated that cepharanthine (CEP), extracted from the plant Stephania cepharantha, exerted protective medicinal efficacy on osteoarthritis for the first time. In our in vitro study, CEP suppressed the elevated expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) stimulated by IL-1β or TNF-α by inhibiting the activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, and upregulated the protein expression of aggrecan, collagen II, and Sox9. Also, CEP could reverse the reduced level of cellular autophagy in IL-1β or TNF-α–induced chondrocytes, indicating that the protective effect of CEP on osteoarthritis was achieved by restoring MAPK/NF-κB-mediated autophagy. Furthermore, in a murine OA model, CEP mitigated cartilage degradation and prevented osteoarthritis in the CEP-treated groups versus the OA group. Hence, our results revealed the therapeutic prospect of CEP for anti-osteoarthritic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Yao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caihua Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Lingzhi Ni
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Hangzhou Third Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiao Hong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yazhou Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Congsun Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiyan Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- Department of Oncology, The First Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yihao Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Hangzhou Xiaoshan Cha Ting Orthopedic Trauma Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Menghao Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingmin Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenhe Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xunzi Cai, ; Chenhe Zhou,
| | - Xunzi Cai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xunzi Cai, ; Chenhe Zhou,
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Kong H, Wang XQ, Zhang XA. Exercise for Osteoarthritis: A Literature Review of Pathology and Mechanism. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:854026. [PMID: 35592699 PMCID: PMC9110817 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.854026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) has a very high incidence worldwide and has become a very common joint disease in the elderly. Currently, the treatment methods for OA include surgery, drug therapy, and exercise therapy. In recent years, the treatment of certain diseases by exercise has received increasing research and attention. Proper exercise can improve the physiological function of various organs of the body. At present, the treatment of OA is usually symptomatic. Limited methods are available for the treatment of OA according to its pathogenesis, and effective intervention has not been developed to slow down the progress of OA from the molecular level. Only by clarifying the mechanism of exercise treatment of OA and the influence of different exercise intensities on OA patients can we choose the appropriate exercise prescription to prevent and treat OA. This review mainly expounds the mechanism that exercise alleviates the pathological changes of OA by affecting the degradation of the ECM, apoptosis, inflammatory response, autophagy, and changes of ncRNA, and summarizes the effects of different exercise types on OA patients. Finally, it is found that different exercise types, exercise intensity, exercise time and exercise frequency have different effects on OA patients. At the same time, suitable exercise prescriptions are recommended for OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Kong
- College of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopedic Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xin-An Zhang,
| | - Xin-An Zhang
- College of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
- Xue-Qiang Wang,
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Li M, Peng Z, Wang X, Wang Y. Monoamine oxidase A attenuates chondrocyte loss and extracellular matrix degradation in osteoarthritis by inducing autophagy. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108772. [PMID: 35461155 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder characterized by cartilage destruction and extracellular matrix (ECM) degeneration. Here, we studied the potential function of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) in OA pathogenesis. METHODS Cartilage tissue samples were collected from 33 patients with knee OA and nine normal healthy controls. Sprague-Dawley rats with anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) and primary chondrocytes treated with interleukin (IL)-1β were used as OA animal and cell models, respectively. The effects of adenovirus-mediated MAOA overexpression in OA models were studied using Safranin-O staining, immunohistochemistry, CCK-8 assay, EdU assay, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS MAOA was identified as an overlapping downregulating gene in the GSE82107, GSE1919, GSE169077, and GSE29746 datasets. MAOA expression was negatively correlated with OA severity. MAOA downregulation was confirmed in ACLT rats and IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. Notably, MAOA overexpression significantly inhibited ACLT-induced OA pathogenesis in rats, as was evidenced by the reduced Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) score and serum crosslinked C-telopeptides of type II collagen (CTX-II) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) levels. These findings show that MAOA overexpression inhibits extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and promotes ACLT-induced autophagy. The effects of MAOA on ECM degradation and autophagy were also confirmed in IL-1β-treated primary chondrocytes. Additionally, MAOA protects chondrocytes against IL-1β-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, treating chondrocytes with 3-MA significantly attenuated the protective effects of MAOA. CONCLUSION MAOA was identified as a downregulated gene in OA. Restoring MAOA expression protects against chondrocyte loss and ECM degradation through autophagy regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Zhibin Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150070, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xiaokun Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yansong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150070, Heilongjiang, PR China.
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Chen W, Zheng H, Zhang X, Xu Y, Fu Z, Ji X, Wei C, An G, Tan M, Zhou M. Columbianetin alleviates lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced inflammation and apoptosis in chondrocyte through activation of autophagy by inhibiting serum and glucocorticoid-induced protein kinase 1 (SGK1) expression. Bioengineered 2022; 13:4051-4062. [PMID: 35129051 PMCID: PMC8973585 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2032970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of articular cartilage involving the entire joint tissue. Columbianetin (CBT) is a major active compound of radix angelicae pubescentis, which is used in the treatment of OA. This paper attempts to explore the role of CBT in OA. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) was used to induce mouse chondrocytes ATDC5. The effect of CBT on cell viability in ATDC5 cells with or without LPS induction was determined by CCK-8 and LDH kits. The inflammatory response was evaluated using ELISA kits. Apoptosis in LPS-induced ATDC5 cells were examined by TUNEL staining. The expression of apoptosis and autophagy-related proteins was tested with Western blot. The relationship between CBT and serum and glucocorticoid-induced protein kinase 1 (SGK1) was examined by RT-qPCR, Western blot, and molecular docking. After SGK1 overexpression or addition of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3 MA), the above experiments were done again. Results revealed that CBT increased LPS-induced decrease in ATDC5 cell viability. CBT inhibited inflammation triggered by LPS, evidenced by reduced levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. Cell apoptosis was attenuated following CBT adding in ATDC5 cells exposed to LPS, accompanied by upregulated Bcl-2 expression and downregulated Bax and cleaved caspase 3 expression. In addition, CBT elevated Beclin1 and LC3II/LC3I expression but decreased p62 expression. Additionally, CBT inhibited SGK1 expression. However, SGK1 overexpression or 3 MA reversed the effects of CBT on LPS-induced loss of ATDC5 cell viability, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy. Collectively, CBT could improve OA through the activation of chondrocyte autophagy by suppressing SGK1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Haotian Zheng
- Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yude Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhibin Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xing Ji
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Changhao Wei
- Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Guoyao An
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mingyuan Tan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mingwang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Song J, Chen C, Zhang H. LncRNA Prostate Cancer Gene Expression Marker 1 (PCGEM1) Down-Regulation Inhibits the Development of Osteoarthritis by Modulating miR-152-3p. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and inflammatory disease, leading to pain or even disability in severe cases. LncRNA PCGEM1 (PCGEM1) is reported to be dysregulated, serving as critical regulators in various human diseases, including OA. However, the biological role of PCGEM1 and its
underlying mechanisms during OA remained unclear. In the present study, CHON-001 cells were exposed to interleukin (IL)-1β to construct the OA cell model. Expression of PCGEM1 and miR-152-3p in cells was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay.
Corresponding commercial kits were used to measure the expressions of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), inter-leukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Protein levels of apoptosis-related proteins, cleaved-Caspase3 and Caspase3, were detected by Western blotting. 3-(4,
5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium (MTT) and flow cytometry assays were utilized for the determination of cell proliferation and apoptosis. The association between PCGEN1 and miR-152-3p was confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. From the results,
PCGEM1 expression was significantly increased while miR-152-3p was inhibited in CHON-001 cells after IL-1β treatment. In addition, silencing of PCGEM1 could promote proliferation, inhibit the apoptosis, suppress LDH level and alleviate inflammation response caused by IL-1β
in CHON-001 cells by sponging miR-152-3p. In a word, PCGEM1 down-regulation suppressed OA progression by the regulation of miR-152-3p expression, functioning as a potential therapeutic target for OA clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- Department of Geriatrics, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi 435000, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi 435000, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi 435000, China
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Shafiq M, Chen Y, Hashim R, He C, Mo X, Zhou X. Reactive Oxygen Species-Based Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:821288. [PMID: 35004664 PMCID: PMC8733692 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.821288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), acting as essential mediators in biological system, play important roles in the physiologic and pathologic processes, including cellular signal transductions and cell homeostasis interference. Aberrant expression of ROS in tissue microenvironment can be caused by the internal/external stimuli and tissue injury, which may leads to an elevated level of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and cellular damage as well as disruption in the tissue repair process. To prevent the formation of excess ROS around the injury site, advanced biomaterials can be remodeled or instructed to release their payloads in an injury microenvironment-responsive fashion to regulate the elevated levels of the ROS, which may also help downregulate the oxidative stress and promote tissue regeneration. A multitude of scaffolds and bioactive cues have been reported to promote the regeneration of damaged tissues based on the scavenging of free radicals and reactive species that confer high protection to the cellular activity and tissue function. In this review, we outline the underlying mechanism of ROS generation in the tissue microenvironment and present a comprehensive review of ROS-scavenging biomaterials for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications, including soft tissues regeneration, bone and cartilage repair as well as wound healing. Additionally, we highlight the strategies for the regulation of ROS by scaffold design and processing technology. Taken together, developing ROS-based biomaterials may not only help develop advanced platforms for improving injury microenvironment but also accelerate tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shafiq
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Science, University of Central Punjab (UCP), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yujie Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rashida Hashim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Quaid-i-Azam University (QAU), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Chuanglong He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiumei Mo
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
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Song Z, Li Y, Shang C, Shang G, Kou H, Li J, Chen S, Liu H. Sprifermin: Effects on Cartilage Homeostasis and Therapeutic Prospects in Cartilage-Related Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:786546. [PMID: 34970547 PMCID: PMC8712868 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.786546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
When suffering from osteoarthritis (OA), articular cartilage homeostasis is out of balance and the living quality declines. The treatment of knee OA has always been an unsolved problem in the world. At present, symptomatic treatment is mainly adopted for OA. Drug therapy is mainly used to relieve pain symptoms, but often accompanied with adverse reactions; surgical treatment involves the problem of poor integration between the repaired or transplanted tissues and the natural cartilage, leading to the failure of repair. Biotherapy which aims to promote cartilage in situ regeneration and to restore endochondral homeostasis is expected to be an effective method for the prevention and treatment of OA. Disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) are intended for targeted treatment of OA. The DMOADs prevent excessive destruction of articular cartilage through anti-catabolism and stimulate tissue regeneration via excitoanabolic effects. Sprifermin (recombinant human FGF18, rhFGF18) is an effective DMOAD, which can not only promote the proliferation of articular chondrocyte and the synthesis of extracellular matrix, increase the thickness of cartilage in a dose-dependent manner, but also inhibit the activity of proteolytic enzymes and remarkedly slow down the degeneration of cartilage. This paper reviews the unique advantages of Sprifermin in repairing cartilage injury and improving cartilage homeostasis, aiming to provide an important strategy for the effective prevention and treatment of cartilage injury-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongmian Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunfeng Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guowei Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Kou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Songfeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongjian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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He K, Huang X, Shan R, Yang X, Song R, Xie F, Huang G. Intra-articular Injection of Lornoxicam and MicroRNA-140 Co-loaded Cationic Liposomes Enhanced the Therapeutic Treatment of Experimental Osteoarthritis. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 23:9. [PMID: 34859319 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02149-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a chronic joint disease characterized by chronic inflammation, progressive destruction of articular cartilage, and subchondral bone sclerosis. When compared to individual treatment, the combined administration of genes and small-molecule drugs for osteoarthritis may not only provide superior inflammation control and pain relief, but may also repair cartilage damage. Here, cationic liposomes (CL) were used to deliver small hydrophobic drugs and microRNA into chondrocytes to treat osteoarthritis. Lornoxicam cationic liposomes (Lnxc-CL) were prepared by film dispersion, and loaded with microRNA-140 (miR-140) by electrostatic interaction to obtain cationic liposomes co-loaded with lornoxicam and miR-140 (Lnxc-CL/miR-140). The prepared Lnxc-CL/miR-140 had a particle size of 286.6 ± 7.3 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.261 ± 0.029 and zeta potential of 26.5 ± 0.5 mV and protected miR-140 from RNase degradation for 24 h. Lnxc-CL/miR-140 was evaluated for its ability to regulate gene expression in chondrocytes in vitro and to provide in vivo therapeutic effects for knee osteoarthritis in rats. The results of in vitro uptake experiments and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed that Lnxc-CL/miR-140 efficiently delivered miR-140 into chondrocytes and up-regulated the expression of miR-140 and COL2A1 mRNA. Pharmacodynamics studies demonstrated that Lnxc-CL/miR-140 effectively treated osteoarthritis by eliminating joint inflammation and repairing damaged cartilage cells, with superior therapeutic effects compared to Lnxc or miR-140 alone. Overall, the findings of this study support the co-delivery of Lnxc and miR-140 with cationic liposomes as a potential new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Jeyaraman M, Muthu S, Gulati A, Jeyaraman N, G.S P, Jain R. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: A Potential Therapeutic Avenue in Knee Osteoarthritis. Cartilage 2021; 13:1572S-1585S. [PMID: 33016114 PMCID: PMC8808857 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520962567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis is the leading cause of functional disability in adults. The goals of knee osteoarthritis management are directed toward symptomatic pain relief along with the attainment of the functional quality of life. The treatment strategy ranges from conservative to surgical management with reparative and restorative techniques. The emergence of cell-based therapies has paved the way for the usage of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cartilage disorders. Currently, global researchers are keen on their research on nanomedicine and targeted drug delivery. MSC-derived exosomes act as a directed therapy to halt the disease progression and to provide a pain-free range of movements with increased quality of cartilage on regeneration. International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and the European Network on Microvesicles and Exosomes in Health and Disease have formed guidelines to foster the use of the growing therapeutic potential of exosomal therapy in osteoarthritis. Although regenerative therapies with MSC are being seen to hold a future in the management of osteoarthritis, extracellular vesicle-based technology holds the key to unlock the potential toward knee preservation and regeneration. The intricate composition and uncertain functioning of exosomes are inquisitive facets warranting further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopedics, School of
Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh,
India
- Madhan Jeyaraman, Department of Orthopedics,
School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar
Pradesh, 201306, India.
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Government Hospital, Velayuthampalayam,
Karur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arun Gulati
- Kalpana Chawla Government Medical
College, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | | | - Prajwal G.S
- JJM Medical College, Davangere,
Karnataka, India
| | - Rashmi Jain
- School of Medical Sciences and Research,
Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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40
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Zhou A, Cai Q, Hong Y, Lv Y. Down-Regulation of Casein Kinase 1α Contributes to Endometriosis through Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog/Autophagy-Related 7-Mediated Autophagy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:2195-2202. [PMID: 34809787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the roles of casein kinase 1α (CK1α) in endometriosis and its underlying mechanisms. Endometrial specimen were collected from the patients and healthy volunteers. The expression patterns of CK1α, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and autophagy-related proteins were determined using immunohistochemistry staining, Western blot analysis, and quantitative RT-PCR. Besides, the CK1α-overexpressing cells and PTEN knockdown cells were constructed in the endometrial stromal cells isolated from endometriosis patients. In addition, the cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1-CK1α or pcDNA3.1-CK1α plus siRNA- PTEN. The expressions of CK1α, PTEN, and autophagy-related proteins were determined using Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR. The expressions of CK1α and autophagy-related 7 (Atg7) were significantly decreased in the ectopic endometrium compared with the eutopic endometrium. Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between CK1α and PTEN, CK1α and Atg7, and PTEN and Atg7. In addition, CK1α, PTEN, and autophagy-related proteins were down-regulated in ectopic endometrium. Interestingly, overexpression of CK1α significantly increased the expressions of autophagy-related proteins, whereas the protein expression of autophagy-related proteins was decreased with PTEN knock-down. CK1α regulated PTEN/Atg7-mediated autophagy in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixiu Zhou
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Qiongyi Cai
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yiting Hong
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yuchun Lv
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.
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41
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Pape E, Parent M, Pinzano A, Sapin-Minet A, Henrionnet C, Gillet P, Scala-Bertola J, Gambier N. Rapamycin-loaded Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization, and in vitro toxicity study for potential intra-articular injection. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121198. [PMID: 34662644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease. Rapamycin is a potential candidate for OA treatment by increasing the autophagy process implicated in its physiopathology. To optimize Rapamycin profit and avoid systemic side effects, intra-articular (i.a.) administration appeared helpful. However, Rapamycin's highly hydrophobic nature and low bioavailability made it challenging to develop purpose-made drug delivery systems to overcome these limitations. We developed Rapamycin-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) using poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) by emulsion/evaporation method. We evaluated these NPs' cytocompatibility towards cartilage (chondrocytes) and synovial membrane cells (synoviocytes) for a potential i.a. administration. The in vitro characterization of Rapamycin-loaded NPs had shown a suitable profile for an i.a. administration. In vitro biocompatibility of NPs was highlighted to 10 µM of Rapamycin for both synoviocytes and chondrocytes, but significant toxicity was observed with higher concentrations. Besides, synoviocytes are more sensitive to Rapamycin-loaded NPs than chondrocytes. Finally, we observed in vitro that an adapted formulated Rapamycin-loaded NPs could be safe at suitable i.a. injection concentrations. The toxic effect of Rapamycin encapsulated in these NPs on both articular cells was dose-dependent. After Rapamycin-loaded NPs i.a. administration, local retention, in situ safety, and systemic release should be evaluated with experimental in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Pape
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Toxicologie et Pharmacovigilance, Bâtiment de Biologie Médicale et de Biopathologie, CHRU de Nancy-Brabois, 5 Rue du Morvan, F54511 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
| | | | - Astrid Pinzano
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France.
| | | | | | - Pierre Gillet
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Toxicologie et Pharmacovigilance, Bâtiment de Biologie Médicale et de Biopathologie, CHRU de Nancy-Brabois, 5 Rue du Morvan, F54511 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Julien Scala-Bertola
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Toxicologie et Pharmacovigilance, Bâtiment de Biologie Médicale et de Biopathologie, CHRU de Nancy-Brabois, 5 Rue du Morvan, F54511 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Nicolas Gambier
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Toxicologie et Pharmacovigilance, Bâtiment de Biologie Médicale et de Biopathologie, CHRU de Nancy-Brabois, 5 Rue du Morvan, F54511 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
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42
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Xu F, Lv YM, Wang HB, Song YC. miR-31-5p/SOX4 Axis Affects Autophagy and Apoptosis of Chondrocytes by Regulating Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinase/Mechanical Target of Rapamycin Kinase Signalling. Pathobiology 2021; 89:63-73. [PMID: 34753136 DOI: 10.1159/000519006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common type of degenerative joint diseases that is regulated by a combination of complex intercellular signals and modulators, including non-coding RNAs. Mounting evidence suggests that miR-31-5p is physiologically involved in the regulation of chondrocytes, but the mechanism remains unclear. METHODS Expression levels of miR-31-5p and SOX4 in OA cartilage tissues and in IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes were examined by quantification polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) or immunohistochemistry assays. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Expression of LC3 was detected using immunofluorescence staining. Expressions of autophagy-related proteins and extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK)/mechanical target of rapamycin kinase (mTORC1) signal-related proteins were measured by Western blot analysis. Molecular interaction was validated by dual luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Downregulation of miR-31-5p and upregulation of SOX4 were observed in both OA patients and OA chondrocytes. Mechanistic experiments revealed that miR-31-5p negatively modulated SOX4 expression by directly targeting its 3'- untranslated region. Moreover, overexpression of miR-31-5p suppressed the activation of mTORC1 in an ERK-dependent manner by inhibiting SOX4. Further functional experiments demonstrated that overexpressing miR-31-5p in OA chondrocytes markedly promoted its proliferation and autophagy while inhibiting apoptosis. However, these effects were abolished by overexpression of SOX4 or treatment with 3BDO, an mTOR activator. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that miR-31-5p enhanced survival and autophagy of OA chondrocytes through inactivation of mTORC1 via directly targeting SOX4, suggesting that miR-31-5p may play a protective role in OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, China
| | - Yong-Ming Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, China
| | - Hai-Bin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Ying-Chun Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, China
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43
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Moss JJ, Wirth M, Tooze SA, Lane JD, Hammond CL. Autophagy coordinates chondrocyte development and early joint formation in zebrafish. FASEB J 2021; 35:e22002. [PMID: 34708458 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101167r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process responsible for the removal of waste and damaged cellular components by lysosomal degradation. It plays a key role in fundamental cell processes, including ER stress mitigation, control of cell metabolism, and cell differentiation and proliferation, all of which are essential for cartilage cell (chondrocyte) development and survival, and for the formation of cartilage. Correspondingly, autophagy dysregulation has been implicated in several skeletal disorders such as osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. To test the requirement for autophagy during skeletal development in zebrafish, we generated an atg13 CRISPR knockout zebrafish line. This line showed a complete loss of atg13 expression, and restricted autophagic activity in vivo. In the absence of autophagy, chondrocyte maturation was accelerated, with chondrocytes exhibiting signs of premature hypertrophy. Focussing on the jaw element, autophagy disruption affected joint articulation causing restricted mouth opening. This gross behavioural phenotype corresponded with a failure to thrive, and death in homozygote atg13 nulls within 17 days. Taken together, our results are consistent with autophagy contributing to the timely regulation of chondrocyte maturation and for extracellular matrix formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna J Moss
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Martina Wirth
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Sharon A Tooze
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Jon D Lane
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Chrissy L Hammond
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Huang RZ, Zheng J, Liu FL, Li QL, Huang WH, Zhang DM, Wu QC. A Novel Autophagy-Related Marker for Improved Differential Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis. Front Genet 2021; 12:743560. [PMID: 34712268 PMCID: PMC8546229 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.743560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are two most common rheumatic diseases in the world. Although there are standard methods for the diagnosis of both RA and OA, the differentials in some cases are poor. With deepening research, the role of autophagy in maintaining cell homeostasis and thus enabling cells adapt to external environments has become increasingly prominent. Both RA and OA, two diseases with inherent differences in pathogenesis, gradually show differences in autophagy levels. Our study therefore aims to further understand differences in pathogenesis of RA and OA through in-depth studies of autophagy in RA and OA. We also define appropriate autophagy-related markers as recognition indicators. Differences in autophagy levels between RA and OA were found based on analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and single-sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA). These differences were mainly caused by 134 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In two autophagy-related genes, CXCR4 and SERPINA1, there existed significant statistical difference between RA and OA. An autophagy related index (ARI) was thus successfully constructed based on CXCR4 and SERPINA by binary logistic regression of the generalized linear regression (GLR) algorithm. Pearson analysis indicated that the expression of CXCR4, SERPINA1, and ARI were closely correlated with autophagy scores and immune infiltration. Moreover, ARI showed high disease identification through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis (AUCtesting cohort = 0.956, AUCtraining cohort = 0.867). These results were then verified in GSE12021 independent cohort. In conclusion, ARI associated with autophagy and immune infiltration was successfully constructed for accurately identifying OA and RA. The index, thus, has great potential in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-zhi Huang
- Traumatic Orthopaedic Hand Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Qinzhou, Qinzhou, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Traumatic Orthopaedic Hand Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Qinzhou, Qinzhou, China
- First Clinical Medical School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Feng-ling Liu
- Traumatic Orthopaedic Hand Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Qinzhou, Qinzhou, China
- First Clinical Medical School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qing-ling Li
- Traumatic Orthopaedic Hand Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Qinzhou, Qinzhou, China
- First Clinical Medical School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wen-hui Huang
- Traumatic Orthopaedic Hand Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Qinzhou, Qinzhou, China
- First Clinical Medical School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Dan-meng Zhang
- Traumatic Orthopaedic Hand Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Qinzhou, Qinzhou, China
- First Clinical Medical School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiang-chu Wu
- Traumatic Orthopaedic Hand Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Qinzhou, Qinzhou, China
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45
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Ni J, Au M, Kong H, Wang X, Wen C. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides in ageing and its potential use for prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis: a systematic review. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:212. [PMID: 34404395 PMCID: PMC8371808 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03385-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), the most abundant functional component of wolfberry, is considered a potent antioxidant and an anti-ageing substance. This review aims to outline the hallmarks of ageing in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), followed by the current understanding of the senolytic effect of LBP and its potential use in the prevention and treatment of OA. This will be discussed through the lens of molecular biology and herbal medicine. METHODS A literature search was performed from inception to March 2020 using following keywords: "Lycium barbarum polysaccharide", "DNA damage", antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, anti-ageing, osteoarthritis, chondrocytes, fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and "bone mesenchymal stem cell". The initial search yielded 2287 papers, from which 35 studies were selected for final analysis after screening for topic relevancy by the authors. RESULTS In literature different in vitro and in vivo ageing models are used to demonstrate LBP's ability to reduce oxidative stress, restore mitochondrial function, mitigate DNA damage, and prevent cellular senescence. All the evidence hints that LBP theoretically attenuates senescent cell accumulation and suppresses the senescence-associated secretory phenotype as observed by the reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines, like interleukin-1beta, and matrix-degrading enzymes, such as MMP-1 and MMP-13. However, there remains a lack of evidence on the disease-modifying effect of LBP in OA, although its chondroprotective, osteoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects were reported. CONCLUSION Our findings strongly support further investigations into the senolytic effect of LBP in the context of age-related OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junguo Ni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Manting Au
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hangkin Kong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xinluan Wang
- Centre for Translational Medical Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shen Zhen, China
| | - Chunyi Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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46
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Kim D, Song J, Jin EJ. BNIP3-Dependent Mitophagy via PGC1α Promotes Cartilage Degradation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071839. [PMID: 34360007 PMCID: PMC8304751 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since mitochondria are suggested to be important regulators in maintaining cartilage homeostasis, turnover of mitochondria through mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial degradation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Here, we found that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely associated with OA pathogenesis and identified the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator 1-alpha (PGC1α) as a potent regulator. The expression level of PGC1α was significantly decreased under OA conditions, and knockdown of PGC1α dramatically elevated the cartilage degradation by upregulating cartilage degrading enzymes and apoptotic cell death. Interestingly, the knockdown of PGC1α activated the parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (PRKN)-independent selective mitochondria autophagy (mitophagy) pathway through the upregulation of BCL2 and adenovirus E1B 19-kDa-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3). The overexpression of BNIP3 stimulated mitophagy and cartilage degradation by upregulating cartilage-degrading enzymes and chondrocyte death. We identified microRNA (miR)-126-5p as an upstream regulator for PGC1α and confirmed the direct binding between miR-126-5p and 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of PGC1α. An in vivo OA mouse model induced by the destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM) surgery, and the delivery of antago-miR-126 via intra-articular injection significantly decreased cartilage degradation. In sum, the loss of PGC1α in chondrocytes due to upregulation of miR-126-5p during OA pathogenesis resulted in the activation of PRKN-independent mitophagy through the upregulation of BNIP3 and stimulated cartilage degradation and apoptotic death of chondrocytes. Therefore, the regulation of PGC1α:BNIP3 mitophagy axis could be of therapeutic benefit to cartilage-degrading diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antagomirs/genetics
- Antagomirs/metabolism
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/methods
- Base Sequence
- Cartilage, Articular/metabolism
- Cartilage, Articular/pathology
- Chondrocytes/metabolism
- Chondrocytes/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Menisci, Tibial/metabolism
- Menisci, Tibial/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- MicroRNAs/antagonists & inhibitors
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Mitochondria/pathology
- Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics
- Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism
- Mitophagy/genetics
- Osteoarthritis/genetics
- Osteoarthritis/metabolism
- Osteoarthritis/pathology
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/genetics
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/metabolism
- Primary Cell Culture
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Deokha Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (D.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Jinsoo Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (D.K.); (J.S.)
- Integrated Omics Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Jin
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (D.K.); (J.S.)
- Integrated Omics Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-850-6192; Fax: +82-63-850-6197
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47
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Zhou W, Shi Y, Wang H, Yu C, Zhu H, Wu A. Sinensetin Reduces Osteoarthritis Pathology in the Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide-Treated Chondrocytes and the Destabilization of the Medial Meniscus Model Mice via the AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:713491. [PMID: 34335275 PMCID: PMC8322586 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.713491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
As a common degenerative disease, osteoarthritis (OA) usually causes disability in the elderly and socioeconomic burden. Previous studies have shown that proper autophagy has a protective effect on OA. Sinensetin (Sin) is a methylated flavonoid derived from citrus fruits. Studies have shown that Sin is a good autophagy inducer and has shown excellent therapeutic effects in a variety of diseases; however, its role in the treatment of OA is not fully understood. This study proved the protective effect of Sin on OA through a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments. In vitro experiments have shown that Sin may inhibit chondrocyte apoptosis induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP); at the same time, it might also inhibit the production of MMP13 and promote the production of aggrecan and collagen II. Mechanism studies have shown that Sin promotes chondrocyte autophagy by activating AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. On the contrary, inhibition of autophagy can partially abolish the protective effect of Sin on TBHP-treated chondrocytes. In vivo experiments show that Sin may protect against DMM-induced OA pathogenesis. These results provide evidence that Sin serves as a potential candidate for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxian Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yifeng Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Caiyu Yu
- The School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huanqing Zhu
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Aimin Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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48
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Tang Y, Li Y, Xin D, Chen L, Xiong Z, Yu X. Icariin alleviates osteoarthritis by regulating autophagy of chondrocytes by mediating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Bioengineered 2021; 12:2984-2999. [PMID: 34167449 PMCID: PMC8806900 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1943602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease that significantly impacts the quality of life of the elderly population. Recently, the pathogenesis of OA has been reported to involve autophagy in chondrocytes. Intriguingly, icariin, one of the main components of epimedium, exerts multiple pharmacological effects, including a protective effect against chondrocyte damage. Thus, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of icariin on OA and its potential underlying mechanism by using a rat model of OA. After treatment with icariin or an autophagy activator (rapamycin) or inhibitor (3-methyladenine), OA chondrocyte viability was measured using the CCK-8 assay, apoptosis in the chondrocytes was evaluated using the acridine orange-propidium iodide assay and flow cytometry, and OA tissue pathological state was assessed using micro-CT scanning and safranin O staining. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining was used to measure the expression level of Beclin-1 and immunofluorescence labeling was used to visualize LC3 expression, and western blotting was used to determine the expression levels of autophagy proteins and key proteins in the PI3K signaling pathway. The apoptotic rate of OA chondrocytes was markedly elevated by 3-methyladenine and suppressed by rapamycin and icariin; autophagy genes were drastically downregulated in the 3-methyladenine group and upregulated in the rapamycin and icariin groups; and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was activated by 3-methyladenine and inhibited by rapamycin and icariin. Notably, following treatment with rapamycin and icariin, the severe pathological state in OA cartilage tissues was substantially alleviated, and this was accompanied by activated autophagy and inhibited PI3K signaling in the cartilage tissues. Taken together, these findings indicate that icariin alleviates OA by regulating the autophagy of chondrocytes by mediating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghua Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongfu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Tonglu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dawei Xin
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Tonglu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenfei Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Tonglu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuezi Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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49
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Yin W, Xu J, Mao Y. Synergistic effects of autophagy inhibitors combined with cisplatin against cisplatin-resistant nasopharyngeal cancer cells. Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 99:322-329. [PMID: 34038188 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2020-0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored the synergistic effects of autophagy inhibitors combined with cisplatin against cisplatin-resistant nasopharyngeal cancer cells by treating HNE-1 and cisplatin (diamminedichloroplatinum; DDP)-resistant HNE1/DDP nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines with DDP, autophagy inhibitors, or a combination of autophagy inhibitors and DDP. Cell viability was determined via MTT (colorimetric) and colony-forming assays, and the rate of apoptosis was determined using propidium iodide (PI) and annexin V double-staining. The expressions of proteins were determined by Western blotting. For our in-vivo studies, a murine xenograft model was established to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of the combination of autophagy inhibitor and DDP. The results showed that treatment with DDP increased the expressions of ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 1 (ABCB1), ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily C Member 1 (ABCC1), and P-glycoprotein 1 (P-gp) in the HNE1/DDP cell lines. Treatment with chloroquine decreased the expression levels of ABCB1, ABCC1, and P-gp, and increased the formation of LC3-II and the expression levels of p62 in the HNE1/DDP cells. Additionally, the combination of autophagy inhibitors and DDP produced a synergistic effect on DDP-induced cell death and apoptosis. Furthermore, the combination of the autophagy inhibitor and DDP showed significant anti-tumor effects in the xenograft mouse model. In summary, autophagy inhibitors show synergistic anti-tumor effects with DDP in vitro against DDP-resistant nasopharyngeal cancer cells and in vivo in our xenograft murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yin
- Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, No. 34 Yanguanxiang, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310002, China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jiande Second People's Hospital, No. 223 Zongfu Street, Meicheng Town, Jiande Zheijang 311064, China
| | - Yanjiao Mao
- Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, No. 34 Yanguanxiang, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310002, China
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50
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Li B, Guan G, Mei L, Jiao K, Li H. Pathological mechanism of chondrocytes and the surrounding environment during osteoarthritis of temporomandibular joint. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4902-4911. [PMID: 33949768 PMCID: PMC8178251 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis is a common chronic degenerative disease of the TMJ. In order to explore its aetiology and pathological mechanism, many animal models and cell models have been constructed to simulate the pathological process of TMJ osteoarthritis. The main pathological features of TMJ osteoarthritis include chondrocyte death, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and subchondral bone remodelling. Chondrocyte apoptosis accelerates the destruction of cartilage. However, autophagy has a protective effect on condylar chondrocytes. Degradation of ECM not only changes the properties of cartilage but also affects the phenotype of chondrocytes. The loss of subchondral bone in the early stages of TMJ osteoarthritis plays an aetiological role in the onset of osteoarthritis. In recent years, increasing evidence has suggested that chondrocyte hypertrophy and endochondral angiogenesis promote TMJ osteoarthritis. Hypertrophic chondrocytes secrete many factors that promote cartilage degeneration. These chondrocytes can further differentiate into osteoblasts and osteocytes and accelerate cartilage ossification. Intrachondral angiogenesis and neoneurogenesis are considered to be important triggers of arthralgia in TMJ osteoarthritis. Many molecular signalling pathways in endochondral osteogenesis are responsible for TMJ osteoarthritis. These latest discoveries in TMJ osteoarthritis have further enhanced the understanding of this disease and contributed to the development of molecular therapies. This paper summarizes recent cognition on the pathogenesis of TMJ osteoarthritis, focusing on the role of chondrocyte hypertrophy degeneration and cartilage angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baochao Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangzhao Guan
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Li Mei
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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