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Roy MD, Trenerry MJ, Thakuri B, MacMillan SN, Liptak MD, Lancaster KM, Berry JF. Electronic Structure of Ru 26+ Complexes with Electron-Rich Anilinopyridinate Ligands. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:3443-3457. [PMID: 35175754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diruthenium paddlewheel complexes supported by electron-rich anilinopyridinate (Xap) ligands were synthesized in the course of the first in-depth structural and spectroscopic interrogation of monocationic [Ru2(Xap)4Cl]+ species in the Ru26+ oxidation state. Despite paramagnetism of the compounds, 1H NMR spectroscopy proved highly informative for determining the isomerism of the Ru25+ and Ru26+ compounds. While most compounds are found to have the polar (4,0) geometry, with all four Xap ligands in the same orientation, some synthetic procedures resulted in a mixture of (4,0) and (3,1) isomers, most notably in the case of the parent compound Ru2(ap)4Cl. The isomerism of this compound has been overlooked in previous reports. Electrochemical studies demonstrate that oxidation potentials can be tuned by the installation of electron donating groups to the ligands, increasing accessibility of the Ru26+ oxidation state. The resulting Ru26+ monocations were found to have the expected (π*)2 ground state, and an in-depth study of the electronic transitions by Vis/NIR absorption and MCD spectroscopies with the aid of TD-DFT allowed for the assignment of the electronic spectra. The empty δ* orbital is the major acceptor orbital for the most prominent electronic transitions. Both Ru25+ and Ru26+ compounds were studied by Ru K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy; however, the rising edge energy is insensitive to redox changes in the compounds due to the broad line shape observed for 4d transition metal K-edges. DFT calculations indicate the presence of ligand orbitals at the frontier level, suggesting that further oxidation beyond Ru26+ will be ligand-centered rather than metal-centered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michael J Trenerry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Biswash Thakuri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Samantha N MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Matthew D Liptak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Abstract
In neutral medium (pH 7.0) [RuIIIRuII(µ-CO3)4(OH)]4− undergoes one electron oxidation to form [RuIIIRuIII(µ-CO3)4(OH)2]4− at an E1/2 of 0.85 V vs. NHE followed by electro-catalytic water oxidation at a potential ≥1.5 V. When the same electrochemical measurements are performed in bicarbonate medium (pH 8.3), the complex first undergoes one electron oxidation at an Epa of 0.86 V to form [RuIIIRuIII(µ-CO3)4(OH)2]4−. This complex further undergoes two step one electron oxidations to form RuIVRuIII and RuIVRuIV species at potentials (Epa) 1.18 and 1.35 V, respectively. The RuIVRuIII and RuIVRuIV species in bicarbonate solutions are [RuIVRuIII(µ-CO3)4(OH)(CO3)]4− and [RuIVRuIV(µ-CO3)4(O)(CO3)]4− based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The formation of HCO4− in the course of the oxidation has been demonstrated by DFT. The catalyst acts as homogeneous water oxidation catalyst, and after long term chronoamperometry, the absorption spectra does not change significantly. Each step has been found to follow a proton coupled electron transfer process (PCET) as obtained from the pH dependent studies. The catalytic current is found to follow linear relation with the concentration of the catalyst and bicarbonate. Thus, bicarbonate is involved in the catalytic process that is also evident from the generation of higher oxidation peaks in cyclic voltammetry. The detailed mechanism has been derived by DFT. A catalyst with no organic ligands has the advantage of long-time stability.
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Chen G, Fan T, Liu B, Xue M, Wei JJ, Kang SR, Tong HX, Yi XY. A Ru diphosphonato complex with a metal-metal bond for water oxidation. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2018-2022. [PMID: 33554978 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04150e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Unlike [Ru2(μ-O2CCH3)4], the structurally analogous water-soluble RuII,III2 diphosphonato complex K3[Ru2(hedp)2(H2O)2] (K3·1) is only involved in stoichiometric water oxidation with a maximum 67% O2 yield under CAN/HNO3 solution (pH 1.0) for 2.5 h. The water oxidation mechanism and intermediate products were ascertained by UV-vis, ESI-MS and DFT calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China.
| | - Ting Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China.
| | - Meng Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China.
| | - Jing-Jing Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China.
| | - Shi-Rui Kang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China.
| | - Hai-Xia Tong
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410114, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yi Yi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China.
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Su XF, Guan W, Yan LK, Lang ZL, Su ZM. Evidence of two-state reactivity in water oxidation catalyzed by polyoxometalate-based complex [Mn3(H2O)3(SbW9O33)2]12−. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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Pakula RJ, Martinez AM, Noten EA, Harris CF, Berry JF. New chromium, molybdenum, and cobalt complexes of the chelating esp ligand. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Soriano-López J, Song F, Patzke GR, Galan-Mascaros JR. Photoinduced Oxygen Evolution Catalysis Promoted by Polyoxometalate Salts of Cationic Photosensitizers. Front Chem 2018; 6:302. [PMID: 30155455 PMCID: PMC6102367 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The insoluble salt Cs15K[Co9(H2O)6(OH)3(HPO4)2(PW9O34)3] (CsCo9) is tested as heterogeneous oxygen evolution catalyst in light-induced experiments, when combined with the homogeneous photosensitizer [Ru(bpy)3]2+ and the oxidant Na2S2O8 in neutral pH. Oxygen evolution occurs in parallel to a solid transformation. Post-catalytic essays indicate that the CsCo9 salt is transformed into the corresponding [Ru(bpy)3]2+ salt, upon cesium loss. Remarkably, analogous photoactivated oxygen evolution experiments starting with the [Ru(bpy)3](5+x)K(6−2x)[Co9(H2O)6(OH)3(HPO4)2(PW9O34)3]·(39+x)H2O (RuCo9) salt demonstrate much higher efficiency and kinetics. The origin of this improved performance is at the cation-anion, photosensitizer-catalyst pairing in the solid state. This is beneficial for the electron transfer event, and for the long-term stability of the photosensitizer. The latter was confirmed as the limiting process during these oxygen evolution reactions, with the polyoxometalate catalyst exhibiting robust performance in multiple cycles, upon addition of photosensitizer, and/or oxidant to the reaction mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Soriano-López
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Fangyuan Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Greta R Patzke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J R Galan-Mascaros
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Tarragona, Spain.,ICREA, Passeig Lluis Companys, Barcelona, Spain
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Brown TR, Lange JP, Mortimer MJ, Berry JF. New Oxypyridinate Paddlewheel Ligands for Alkane-Soluble, Sterically-Protected Ru 2(II,III) and Ru 2(II,II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:10331-10340. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan R. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Josephine P. Lange
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michael J. Mortimer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - John F. Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Soriano-López J, Musaev DG, Hill CL, Galán-Mascarós JR, Carbó JJ, Poblet JM. Tetracobalt-polyoxometalate catalysts for water oxidation: Key mechanistic details. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Corcos AR, Pap JS, Yang T, Berry JF. A Synthetic Oxygen Atom Transfer Photocycle from a Diruthenium Oxyanion Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:10032-40. [PMID: 27406958 PMCID: PMC5972014 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Three new diruthenium oxyanion complexes have been prepared, crystallographically characterized, and screened for their potential to photochemically unmask a reactive Ru-Ru═O intermediate. The most promising candidate, Ru2(chp)4ONO2 (4, chp = 6-chloro-2-hydroxypyridinate), displays a set of signals centered around m/z = 733 amu in its MALDI-TOF mass spectrum, consistent with the formation of the [Ru2(chp)4O](+) ([6](+)) ion. These signals shift to 735 amu in 4*, which contains an (18)O-labeled nitrate. EPR spectroscopy and headspace GC-MS analysis indicate that NO2(•) is released upon photolysis of 4, also consistent with the formation of 6. Photolysis of 4 in CH2Cl2 at room temperature in the presence of excess PPh3 yields OPPh3 in 173% yield; control experiments implicate 6, NO2(•), and free NO3(-) as the active oxidants. Notably, Ru2(chp)4Cl (3) is recovered after photolysis. Since 3 is the direct precursor to 4, the results described herein constitute the first example of a synthetic cycle for oxygen atom transfer that makes use of light to generate a putative metal oxo intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R. Corcos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin – Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - József S. Pap
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin – Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Tzuhsiung Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin – Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - John F. Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin – Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
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Charboneau DJ, Piro NA, Kassel WS, Dudley TJ, Paul JJ. Reprint of: Structural, electronic and acid/base properties of [Ru(bpy)(bpy(OH)2)2]2+ (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, bpy(OH)2= 4,4′-dihydroxy-2,2′-bipyridine). Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Zhao Y, Zhou X, Ding Y, Huang J, Zheng M, Ye W. A study of photocatalytic, chemical, and electrocatalytic water oxidation on ACo2O4 (A = Ni, Cu, Zn) samples through doping different metal ions. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Ring S, Meijer AJ, Patmore NJ. Structural, spectroscopic and theoretical studies of a diruthenium(II,II) tetraformamidinate that reversibly binds dioxygen. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Santos RLSR, Sanches RNF, de Oliveira Silva D. Spectroscopic studies on interactions of the tetrakis(acetato)chloridodiruthenium(II,III) complex and the Ru2(II,III)-NSAID-derived metallodrugs of ibuprofen and ketoprofen with human serum albumin. J COORD CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2015.1074684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Denise de Oliveira Silva
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. Blakemore
- Department of Chemistry and
Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Robert H. Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry and
Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry and
Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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Charboneau DJ, Piro NA, Kassel WS, Dudley TJ, Paul JJ. Structural, electronic and acid/base properties of [Ru(bpy)(bpy(OH)2)2]2+ (bpy=2,2′-bipyridine, bpy(OH)2=4,4′-dihydroxy-2,2′-bipyridine). Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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