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Broncano J, Hanneman K, Ghoshhajra B, Rajiah PS. Cardiac Computed Tomography of Native Cardiac Valves. Radiol Clin North Am 2024; 62:399-417. [PMID: 38553177 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Valvular heart disease (VHD) is a significant clinical problem associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although not being the primary imaging modality in VHD, cardiac computed tomography (CCT) provides relevant information about its morphology, function, severity grading, and adverse cardiac remodeling assessment. Aortic valve calcification quantification is necessary for grading severity in cases of low-flow/low-gradient aortic stenosis. Moreover, CCT details significant information necessary for adequate percutaneous treatment planning. CCT may help to detail the etiology of VHD as well as to depict other less frequent causes of valvular disease, such as infective endocarditis, valvular neoplasms, or other cardiac pseudomasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Broncano
- Cardiothoracic Imaging Unit, Radiology Department, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Medica, Avenida El Brillante Nº 36, Córdoba 14012, Spain.
| | - Kate Hanneman
- Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto General Hospital, Peter Munk Cardiac Center, University Health Network (UHN), University of Toronto, 1 PMB-298, 585 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G2N2, Canada
| | - Brian Ghoshhajra
- Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charles River Plaza East, 165 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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2
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Dayer MJ, Quintero-Martinez JA, Thornhill MH, Chambers JB, Pettersson GB, Baddour LM. Recent Insights Into Native Valve Infective Endocarditis: JACC Focus Seminar 4/4. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:1431-1443. [PMID: 38599719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
This focused review highlights the latest issues in native valve infective endocarditis. Native valve disease moderately increases the risk of developing infective endocarditis. In 2023, new diagnostic criteria were published by the Duke-International Society of Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases group. New pathogens were designated as typical, and findings on computed tomography imaging were included as diagnostic criteria. It is now recognized that a multidisciplinary approach to care is vital, and the role of an "endocarditis team" is highlighted. Recent studies have suggested that a transition from intravenous to oral antibiotics in selected patients may be reasonable, and the role of long-acting antibiotics is discussed. It is also now clear that an aggressive surgical approach can be life-saving in some patients. Finally, results of several recent studies have suggested there is an association between dental and other invasive procedures and an increased risk of developing infective endocarditis. Moreover, data indicate that antibiotic prophylaxis may be effective in some scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Dayer
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Mater Private Network, Dublin, Ireland; Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom.
| | - Juan A Quintero-Martinez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Martin H Thornhill
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Surgery and Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - John B Chambers
- Emeritus Professor of Clinical Cardiology at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom, and Kings College, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Larry M Baddour
- Department of Medicine and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Health, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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3
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Broncano J, Rajiah PS, Vargas D, Sánchez-Alegre ML, Ocazionez-Trujillo D, Bhalla S, Williamson E, Fernández-Camacho JC, Luna A. Multimodality Imaging of Infective Endocarditis. Radiographics 2024; 44:e230031. [PMID: 38329903 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a complex multisystemic disease resulting from infection of the endocardium, the prosthetic valves, or an implantable cardiac electronic device. The clinical presentation of patients with IE varies, ranging from acute and rapidly progressive symptoms to a more chronic disease onset. Because of its severe morbidity and mortality rates, it is necessary for radiologists to maintain a high degree of suspicion in evaluation of patients for IE. Modified Duke criteria are used to classify cases as "definite IE," "possible IE," or "rejected IE." However, these criteria are limited in characterizing definite IE in clinical practice. The use of advanced imaging techniques such as cardiac CT and nuclear imaging has increased the accuracy of these criteria and has allowed possible IE to be reclassified as definite IE in up to 90% of cases. Cardiac CT may be the best choice when there is high clinical suspicion for IE that has not been confirmed with other imaging techniques, in cases of IE and perivalvular involvement, and for preoperative treatment planning or excluding concomitant coronary artery disease. Nuclear imaging may have a complementary role in prosthetic IE. The main imaging findings in IE are classified according to the site of involvement as valvular (eg, abnormal growths [ie, "vegetations"], leaflet perforations, or pseudoaneurysms), perivalvular (eg, pseudoaneurysms, abscesses, fistulas, or prosthetic dehiscence), or extracardiac embolic phenomena. The differential diagnosis of IE includes evaluation for thrombus, pannus, nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, Lambl excrescences, papillary fibroelastoma, and caseous necrosis of the mitral valve. The location of the lesion relative to the surface of the valve, the presence of a stalk, and calcification or enhancement at contrast-enhanced imaging may offer useful clues for their differentiation. ©RSNA, 2024 Test Your Knowledge questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Broncano
- From the Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging Unit, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Avenida el Brillante n° 36, 14012, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (P.S.R., E.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.V.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.L.S.A.); Department of Radiology, McGovern Medical School, UT Health Houston, Houston, Tex (D.O.T.); Section of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo (S.B.); Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Cruz Roja-Grupo Corpal, Córdoba, Spain (J.C.F.C.); Department of Radiology, Section of MRI, Clínica las Nieves, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Prabhakar Shanta Rajiah
- From the Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging Unit, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Avenida el Brillante n° 36, 14012, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (P.S.R., E.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.V.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.L.S.A.); Department of Radiology, McGovern Medical School, UT Health Houston, Houston, Tex (D.O.T.); Section of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo (S.B.); Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Cruz Roja-Grupo Corpal, Córdoba, Spain (J.C.F.C.); Department of Radiology, Section of MRI, Clínica las Nieves, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Daniel Vargas
- From the Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging Unit, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Avenida el Brillante n° 36, 14012, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (P.S.R., E.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.V.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.L.S.A.); Department of Radiology, McGovern Medical School, UT Health Houston, Houston, Tex (D.O.T.); Section of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo (S.B.); Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Cruz Roja-Grupo Corpal, Córdoba, Spain (J.C.F.C.); Department of Radiology, Section of MRI, Clínica las Nieves, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Maria Luisa Sánchez-Alegre
- From the Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging Unit, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Avenida el Brillante n° 36, 14012, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (P.S.R., E.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.V.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.L.S.A.); Department of Radiology, McGovern Medical School, UT Health Houston, Houston, Tex (D.O.T.); Section of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo (S.B.); Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Cruz Roja-Grupo Corpal, Córdoba, Spain (J.C.F.C.); Department of Radiology, Section of MRI, Clínica las Nieves, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Daniel Ocazionez-Trujillo
- From the Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging Unit, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Avenida el Brillante n° 36, 14012, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (P.S.R., E.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.V.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.L.S.A.); Department of Radiology, McGovern Medical School, UT Health Houston, Houston, Tex (D.O.T.); Section of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo (S.B.); Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Cruz Roja-Grupo Corpal, Córdoba, Spain (J.C.F.C.); Department of Radiology, Section of MRI, Clínica las Nieves, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Sanjeev Bhalla
- From the Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging Unit, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Avenida el Brillante n° 36, 14012, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (P.S.R., E.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.V.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.L.S.A.); Department of Radiology, McGovern Medical School, UT Health Houston, Houston, Tex (D.O.T.); Section of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo (S.B.); Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Cruz Roja-Grupo Corpal, Córdoba, Spain (J.C.F.C.); Department of Radiology, Section of MRI, Clínica las Nieves, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Eric Williamson
- From the Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging Unit, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Avenida el Brillante n° 36, 14012, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (P.S.R., E.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.V.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.L.S.A.); Department of Radiology, McGovern Medical School, UT Health Houston, Houston, Tex (D.O.T.); Section of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo (S.B.); Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Cruz Roja-Grupo Corpal, Córdoba, Spain (J.C.F.C.); Department of Radiology, Section of MRI, Clínica las Nieves, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - José Carlos Fernández-Camacho
- From the Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging Unit, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Avenida el Brillante n° 36, 14012, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (P.S.R., E.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.V.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.L.S.A.); Department of Radiology, McGovern Medical School, UT Health Houston, Houston, Tex (D.O.T.); Section of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo (S.B.); Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Cruz Roja-Grupo Corpal, Córdoba, Spain (J.C.F.C.); Department of Radiology, Section of MRI, Clínica las Nieves, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Antonio Luna
- From the Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Imaging Unit, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Avenida el Brillante n° 36, 14012, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (P.S.R., E.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.V.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.L.S.A.); Department of Radiology, McGovern Medical School, UT Health Houston, Houston, Tex (D.O.T.); Section of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo (S.B.); Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Cruz Roja-Grupo Corpal, Córdoba, Spain (J.C.F.C.); Department of Radiology, Section of MRI, Clínica las Nieves, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
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Babes EE, Bustea C, Ilias TI, Babes VV, Luca SA, Luca CT, Radu AF, Tarce AG, Bungau AF, Bustea C. Multimodality Imaging Diagnosis in Infective Endocarditis. Life (Basel) 2023; 14:54. [PMID: 38255669 PMCID: PMC10821102 DOI: 10.3390/life14010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Imaging is an important tool in the diagnosis and management of infective endocarditis (IE). Echocardiography is an essential examination, especially in native valve endocarditis (NVE), but its diagnostic accuracy is reduced in prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE). The diagnostic ability is superior for transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE), but a negative test cannot exclude PVE. Both transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and TEE can provide normal or inconclusive findings in up to 30% of cases, especially in patients with prosthetic devices. New advanced non-invasive imaging tests are increasingly used in the diagnosis of IE. Nuclear medicine imaging techniques have demonstrated their superiority over TEE for the diagnosis of PVE and cardiac implantable electronic device infective endocarditis (CIED-IE). Cardiac computed tomography angiography imaging is useful in PVE cases with inconclusive TTE and TEE investigations and for the evaluation of paravalvular complications. In the present review, imaging tools are described with their values and limitations for improving diagnosis in NVE, PVE and CIED-IE. Current knowledge about multimodality imaging approaches in IE and imaging methods to assess the local and distant complications of IE is also reviewed. Furthermore, a potential diagnostic work-up for different clinical scenarios is described. However, further studies are essential for refining diagnostic and management approaches in infective endocarditis, addressing limitations and optimizing advanced imaging techniques across different clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Emilia Babes
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (E.E.B.); (A.-F.R.); (A.F.B.)
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (T.I.I.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Cristiana Bustea
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Tiberia Ioana Ilias
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (T.I.I.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Victor Vlad Babes
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (T.I.I.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Silvia-Ana Luca
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Constantin Tudor Luca
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Andrei-Flavius Radu
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (E.E.B.); (A.-F.R.); (A.F.B.)
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Alexandra Georgiana Tarce
- Medicine Program of Study, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Alexa Florina Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (E.E.B.); (A.-F.R.); (A.F.B.)
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Cristian Bustea
- Department of Surgery, Oradea County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 410169 Oradea, Romania;
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Moscatelli S, Leo I, Bianco F, Surkova E, Pezel T, Donald NA, Triumbari EKA, Bassareo PP, Pradhan A, Cimini A, Perrone MA. The Role of Multimodality Imaging in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease and Infective Endocarditis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3638. [PMID: 38132222 PMCID: PMC10742664 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13243638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Infective endocarditis (IE) represents an important medical challenge, particularly in patients with congenital heart diseases (CHD). Its early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management to improve patient outcomes. Multimodality imaging is emerging as a powerful tool in the diagnosis and management of IE in CHD patients, offering a comprehensive and integrated approach that enhances diagnostic accuracy and guides therapeutic strategies. This review illustrates the utilities of each single multimodality imaging, including transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography (CCT), cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), and nuclear imaging modalities, in the diagnosis of IE in CHD patients. These imaging techniques provide crucial information about valvular and intracardiac structures, vegetation size and location, abscess formation, and associated complications, helping clinicians make timely and informed decisions. However, each one does have limitations that influence its applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Moscatelli
- Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK; (S.M.); (N.A.D.)
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Isabella Leo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- CMR Unit, Cardiology Department, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guys’ and St Thomas’ NHS Trust, London SW3 5NP, UK
| | - Francesco Bianco
- Cardiovascular Sciences Department, AOU “Ospedali Riuniti”, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Elena Surkova
- Department of Echocardiography, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 5NP, UK;
| | - Théo Pezel
- Département de Cardiologie, Université Paris-Cité, Hôpital Universitaire de Lariboisière, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Inserm UMRS 942, 75010 Paris, France;
| | - Natasha Alexandra Donald
- Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK; (S.M.); (N.A.D.)
| | | | - Pier Paolo Bassareo
- School of Medicine, University College of Dublin, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Children’s Health Ireland Crumlin, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Akshyaya Pradhan
- Department of Cardiology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India;
| | - Andrea Cimini
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, St. Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Marco Alfonso Perrone
- Division of Cardiology and CardioLab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Clinical Pathways and Epidemiology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
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6
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Hell MM, Emrich T, Lurz P, von Bardeleben RS, Schmermund A. Cardiac CT Beyond Coronaries: Focus on Structural Heart Disease. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2023; 20:484-492. [PMID: 38019324 PMCID: PMC10746749 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-023-00635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cardiac computed tomography (CT) is an established non-invasive imaging tool for the assessment of coronary artery disease. Furthermore, it plays a key role in the preinterventional work-up of patients presenting with structural heart disease. RECENT FINDINGS CT is the gold standard for preprocedural annular assessment, device sizing, risk determination of annular injury, coronary occlusion or left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, calcification visualization and quantification of the target structure, and prediction of a co-planar fluoroscopic angulation for transcatheter interventions in patients with structural heart disease. It is further a key imaging modality in postprocedural assessment for prosthesis thrombosis, degeneration, or endocarditis. CT plays an integral part in the imaging work-up of novel transcatheter therapies for structural heart disease and postprocedural assessment for prosthesis thrombosis or endocarditis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the key role of CT in the context of structural heart interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela M Hell
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Tilman Emrich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Lurz
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Axel Schmermund
- Cardioangiologisches Centrum Bethanien, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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7
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Kirkpatrick JN, Swaminathan M, Adedipe A, Garcia-Sayan E, Hung J, Kelly N, Kort S, Nagueh S, Poh KK, Sarwal A, Strachan GM, Topilsky Y, West C, Wiener DH. American Society of Echocardiography COVID-19 Statement Update: Lessons Learned and Preparation for Future Pandemics. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2023; 36:1127-1139. [PMID: 37925190 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2023.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has evolved since the publication of the initial American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) statements providing guidance to echocardiography laboratories. In light of new developments, the ASE convened a diverse, expert writing group to address the current state of the COVID-19 pandemic and to apply lessons learned to echocardiography laboratory operations in future pandemics. This statement addresses important areas specifically impacted by the current and future pandemics: (1) indications for echocardiography, (2) application of echocardiographic services in a pandemic, (3) infection/transmission mitigation strategies, (4) role of cardiac point-of-care ultrasound/critical care echocardiography, and (5) training in echocardiography.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Judy Hung
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Noreen Kelly
- Sanger Heart Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Smadar Kort
- Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, New York
| | | | - Kian Keong Poh
- Department of Cardiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aarti Sarwal
- Wake Forest Baptist Health Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - G Monet Strachan
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Yan Topilsky
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Cathy West
- Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - David H Wiener
- Jefferson Heart Institute, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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8
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Nappi F, Avtaar Singh SS, Jitendra V, Fiore A. Bridging Molecular and Clinical Sciences to Achieve the Best Treatment of Enterococcus faecalis Endocarditis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2604. [PMID: 37894262 PMCID: PMC10609379 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is a commensal bacterium that causes various infections in surgical sites, the urinary tract, and blood. The bacterium is becoming a significant concern because it tends to affect the elderly population, which has a high prevalence of undiagnosed degenerative valvular disease and is often subjected to invasive procedures and implanted medical devices. The bacterium's actions are influenced by specific characteristics like pili activity and biofilm formation. This resistance significantly impedes the effectiveness of numerous antibiotic therapies, particularly in cases of endocarditis. While current guidelines recommend antimicrobial therapy, the emergence of resistant strains has introduced complexity in managing these patients, especially with the increasing use of transcatheter therapies for those who are not suitable for surgery. Presentations of the condition are often varied and associated with generalised symptoms, which may pose a diagnostic challenge. We share our encounter with a case study that concerns an octogenarian who had a TAVI valve and developed endocarditis. We also conducted a literature review to identify the essential treatment algorithms for such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
| | | | - Vikram Jitendra
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK;
| | - Antonio Fiore
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 94000 Creteil, France;
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9
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Tonutti A, Scarfò I, La Canna G, Selmi C, De Santis M. Diagnostic Work-Up in Patients with Nonbacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5819. [PMID: 37762758 PMCID: PMC10532023 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a form of endocarditis that occurs in patients with predisposing conditions, including malignancies, autoimmune diseases (particularly antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, which accounts for the majority of lupus-associated cases), and coagulation disturbances for which the correlation with classical determinants is unclear. The condition is commonly referred to as "marantic", "verrucous", or Libman-Sacks endocarditis, although these are not synonymous, representing clinical-pathological nuances. The clinical presentation of NBTE involves embolic events, while local valvular complications, generally regurgitation, are typically less frequent and milder compared to infective forms of endocarditis. In the past, the diagnosis of NBTE relied on post mortem examinations, while at present, the diagnosis is primarily based on echocardiography, with the priority of excluding infective endocarditis through comprehensive microbiological and serological tests. As in other forms of endocarditis, besides pathology, transesophageal echocardiography remains the diagnostic standard, while other imaging techniques hold promise as adjunctive tools for early diagnosis and differentiation from infective vegetations. These include cardiac MRI and 18FDG-PET/CT, which already represents a major diagnostic criterion of infective endocarditis in specific settings. We will herein provide a comprehensive review of the current knowledge on the clinics and therapeutics of NBTE, with a specific focus on the diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Tonutti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (A.T.); (C.S.)
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Iside Scarfò
- Applied Diagnostic Echocardiography Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (I.S.); (G.L.C.)
| | - Giovanni La Canna
- Applied Diagnostic Echocardiography Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (I.S.); (G.L.C.)
| | - Carlo Selmi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (A.T.); (C.S.)
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Maria De Santis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (A.T.); (C.S.)
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
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10
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Fowler VG, Durack DT, Selton-Suty C, Athan E, Bayer AS, Chamis AL, Dahl A, DiBernardo L, Durante-Mangoni E, Duval X, Fortes CQ, Fosbøl E, Hannan MM, Hasse B, Hoen B, Karchmer AW, Mestres CA, Petti CA, Pizzi MN, Preston SD, Roque A, Vandenesch F, van der Meer JTM, van der Vaart TW, Miro JM. The 2023 Duke-International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases Criteria for Infective Endocarditis: Updating the Modified Duke Criteria. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 77:518-526. [PMID: 37138445 PMCID: PMC10681650 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiology, epidemiology, diagnostics, and treatment of infective endocarditis (IE) have changed significantly since the Duke Criteria were published in 1994 and modified in 2000. The International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases (ISCVID) convened a multidisciplinary Working Group to update the diagnostic criteria for IE. The resulting 2023 Duke-ISCVID IE Criteria propose significant changes, including new microbiology diagnostics (enzyme immunoassay for Bartonella species, polymerase chain reaction, amplicon/metagenomic sequencing, in situ hybridization), imaging (positron emission computed tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose, cardiac computed tomography), and inclusion of intraoperative inspection as a new Major Clinical Criterion. The list of "typical" microorganisms causing IE was expanded and includes pathogens to be considered as typical only in the presence of intracardiac prostheses. The requirements for timing and separate venipunctures for blood cultures were removed. Last, additional predisposing conditions (transcatheter valve implants, endovascular cardiac implantable electronic devices, prior IE) were clarified. These diagnostic criteria should be updated periodically by making the Duke-ISCVID Criteria available online as a "Living Document."
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Affiliation(s)
- Vance G Fowler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David T Durack
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Eugene Athan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Barwon Health and School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Arnold S Bayer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Anna Lisa Chamis
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anders Dahl
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev-Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louis DiBernardo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emanuele Durante-Mangoni
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania ‘L. Vanvitelli’, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Xavier Duval
- AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1425, Université Paris Cité, IAME, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Claudio Querido Fortes
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho—Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Emil Fosbøl
- The Heart Centre, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Margaret M Hannan
- Clinical Microbiology Department, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Barbara Hasse
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Hoen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine and Inserm CIC-1424, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France
| | - Adolf W Karchmer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carlos A Mestres
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and the Robert WM Frater Cardiovascular Research Centre, The University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Cathy A Petti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- HealthSpring Global Inc, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Albert Roque
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francois Vandenesch
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, INSERM, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut des agents infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Jose M Miro
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Lopez-Mattei J, Yang EH, Baldassarre LA, Agha A, Blankstein R, Choi AD, Chen MY, Meyersohn N, Daly R, Slim A, Rochitte C, Blaha M, Whelton S, Dzaye O, Dent S, Milgrom S, Ky B, Iliescu C, Mamas MA, Ferencik M. Cardiac computed tomographic imaging in cardio-oncology: An expert consensus document of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (SCCT). Endorsed by the International Cardio-Oncology Society (ICOS). J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2023; 17:66-83. [PMID: 36216699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardio-Oncology is a rapidly growing sub-specialty of medicine, however, there is very limited guidance on the use of cardiac CT (CCT) in the care of Cardio-Oncology patients. In order to fill in the existing gaps, this Expert Consensus statement comprised of a multidisciplinary collaboration of experts in Cardiology, Radiology, Cardiovascular Multimodality Imaging, Cardio-Oncology, Oncology and Radiation Oncology aims to summarize current evidence for CCT applications in Cardio-Oncology and provide practice recommendations for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric H Yang
- UCLA Cardio-Oncology Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Ali Agha
- Department of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ron Blankstein
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew D Choi
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Radiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marcus Y Chen
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nandini Meyersohn
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
| | - Ryan Daly
- Franciscan Health Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Carlos Rochitte
- InCor Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michael Blaha
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Seamus Whelton
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Omar Dzaye
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan Dent
- Duke Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sarah Milgrom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Bonnie Ky
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cezar Iliescu
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Lee Health, Fort Myers, FL, USA
| | - Mamas A Mamas
- Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research, Keele University, UK
| | - Maros Ferencik
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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12
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Lakbar I, Delamarre L, Einav S, Leone M. Endocarditis in the intensive care unit: an update. Curr Opin Crit Care 2022; 28:503-512. [PMID: 35942691 DOI: 10.1097/mcc.0000000000000973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) is increasing worldwide, resulting in a higher number of patients with IE being admitted to intensive care units (ICU). Nearly half of patients with IE develop a complication during their clinical course. However, few well conducted studies or reviews are devoted to critically ill IE patients. This review discusses the contemporary perioperative and intensive care literature. RECENT FINDINGS IE epidemiology is changing towards elderly and frail patients. ICU patients are at risk of risk of developing IE because they are often in a pro-inflammatory state and many also have several indwelling catheters, which favors infection. Increased performance and recent advances in cardiac imaging allow for easier diagnosis of EI, but the applicability of these techniques to ICU patients is still relatively limited. New developments in antibiotic treatment and adjunctive therapies are explored further in this review. SUMMARY The lack of evidence on ICU patients with IE highlights the critical importance of multidisciplinary decision-making and the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Lakbar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Aix Marseille University, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux Universitaires de Marseille, Nord Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Louis Delamarre
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Aix Marseille University, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux Universitaires de Marseille, Nord Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Sharon Einav
- General Intensive Care Unit of the Shaare Zedek Medical Centre and the Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Marc Leone
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Aix Marseille University, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux Universitaires de Marseille, Nord Hospital, Marseille, France
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13
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Siani A, Perone F, Costantini P, Rodolfi S, Muscogiuri G, Sironi S, Carriero S, Pavon AG, van der Bilt I, van Rosendael P, Broekhuizen L, Teske A, Cramer MJ, Guglielmo M. Aortic regurgitation: A multimodality approach. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2022; 50:1041-1050. [PMID: 36218214 PMCID: PMC9828136 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is a common valvular pathology. Multimodality noninvasive cardiovascular imaging is routinely used to assess the mechanism of AR, degree, and its hemodynamic impact on the cardiovascular system. Collecting this information is crucial in establishing the prognosis and in guiding patient management and follow-up. While echocardiography remains the primary test to assess AR, a comprehensive assessment of this valvulopathy can be obtained by combining the information from different techniques. This state-of-the-art review is intended to provide an update ed overview of the applications, strengths, and limits of transthoracic echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and cardiac computed tomography in patients with AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Siani
- Radiology DepartmentOspedale Maggiore della Carità University HospitalNovaraItaly
| | - Francesco Perone
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Rehabilitation Clinic "Villa delle Magnolie", Castel MorroneCasertaItaly
| | - Pietro Costantini
- Radiology DepartmentOspedale Maggiore della Carità University HospitalNovaraItaly
| | - Sara Rodolfi
- Radiology DepartmentOspedale Maggiore della Carità University HospitalNovaraItaly
| | - Giuseppe Muscogiuri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano‐BicoccaMilanItaly
- Department of RadiologyIRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca HospitalMilanItaly
| | - Sandro Sironi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano‐BicoccaMilanItaly
- Department of RadiologyASST Papa Giovanni XXIII HospitalBergamoItaly
| | - Serena Carriero
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Anna Giulia Pavon
- Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, Ente Ospedaliero CantonaleLuganoSwitzerland
| | - Ivo van der Bilt
- Department of CardiologyHaga Teaching HospitalThe HagueNetherlands
| | - Philippe van Rosendael
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and LungsUtrecht University, Utrecht University Medical CenterUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Lysette Broekhuizen
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and LungsUtrecht University, Utrecht University Medical CenterUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Arco Teske
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and LungsUtrecht University, Utrecht University Medical CenterUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Maarten Jan Cramer
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and LungsUtrecht University, Utrecht University Medical CenterUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Marco Guglielmo
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and LungsUtrecht University, Utrecht University Medical CenterUtrechtThe Netherlands
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14
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Kolossváry M, Reid AB, Baggiano A, Nagpal P, Canan A, Al'Aref SJ, Andreini D, Cavalcante JL, de Cecco CN, Chelliah A, Chen MY, Choi AD, Dey D, Fairbairn T, Ferencik M, Gransar H, Hecht H, Leipsic J, Lu MT, Marwan M, Maurovich-Horvat P, Ng MY, Nicol ED, Pontone G, Vliegenthart R, Whelton SP, Williams MC, Arbab-Zadeh A, Farooqi KM, Weir-McCall J, Feuchtner G, Villines TC. The Journal of cardiovascular computed tomography: A year in review 2021. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2022; 16:266-276. [PMID: 35370125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to summarize original articles published in the Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (JCCT) for the year 2021, focusing on those that had the most scientific and educational impact. The JCCT continues to expand; the number of submissions, published manuscripts, cited articles, article downloads, social media presence, and impact factor continues to increase. The articles selected by the Editorial Board of the JCCT in this review focus on coronary artery disease, coronary physiology, structural heart disease, and technical advances in cardiovascular CT. In addition, we highlight key consensus documents and guidelines published in the Journal in 2021. The Journal recognizes the tremendous work done by each author and reviewer this year - thank you.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton Kolossváry
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna B Reid
- University of Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Prashant Nagpal
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Arzu Canan
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Subhi J Al'Aref
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology. University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Daniele Andreini
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - João L Cavalcante
- Minneapolis Heart Institute at Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Carlo N de Cecco
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anjali Chelliah
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Goryeb Children's Hospital/Atlantic Health System, Morristown, NJ, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcus Y Chen
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew D Choi
- The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Damini Dey
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy Fairbairn
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Maros Ferencik
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Heidi Gransar
- Department of Imaging, Cardiac Imaging Research, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harvey Hecht
- Ican School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Morningside Medical Center, NYC, USA
| | - Jonathan Leipsic
- Department of Radiology and Medicine (Cardiology), University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael T Lu
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mohamed Marwan
- Department of Cardiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Pál Maurovich-Horvat
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Hungary; Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ming-Yen Ng
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Edward D Nicol
- Departments of Cardiology and Radiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London UK; School of Bioengineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College, London, UK
| | | | - Rozemarijn Vliegenthart
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen/University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Seamus P Whelton
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Armin Arbab-Zadeh
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kanwal M Farooqi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Gudrun Feuchtner
- Innsbruck Medical University, Dept. Radiology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Todd C Villines
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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15
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Daubenspeck DK, Hackett IS, Patel AR, Chaney MA. Diagnosing Endocarditis: Get the Picture?! J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022; 36:2248-2252. [PMID: 35292187 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2022.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian S Hackett
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Amit R Patel
- Cardiac MRI and CT, Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Mark A Chaney
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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16
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Eder MD, Upadhyaya K, Park J, Ringer M, Malinis M, Young BD, Sugeng L, Hur DJ. Multimodality Imaging in the Diagnosis of Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis: A Brief Review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:750573. [PMID: 34988125 PMCID: PMC8720921 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.750573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infective endocarditis is a common and treatable condition that carries a high mortality rate. Currently the workup of infective endocarditis relies on the integration of clinical, microbiological and echocardiographic data through the use of the modified Duke criteria (MDC). However, in cases of prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) echocardiography can be normal or non-diagnostic in a high proportion of cases leading to decreased sensitivity for the MDC. Evolving multimodality imaging techniques including leukocyte scintigraphy (white blood cell imaging), 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), multidetector computed tomographic angiography (MDCTA), and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) may each augment the standard workup of PVE and increase diagnostic accuracy. While further studies are necessary to clarify the ideal role for each of these imaging techniques, nevertheless, these modalities hold promise in determining the diagnosis, prognosis, and care of PVE. We start by presenting a clinical vignette, then evidence supporting various modality strategies, balanced by limitations, and review of formal guidelines, when available. The article ends with the authors' summary of future directions and case conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell D Eder
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Krishna Upadhyaya
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Ascension Medical Group, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Jakob Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Matthew Ringer
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Maricar Malinis
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Bryan D Young
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Lissa Sugeng
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - David J Hur
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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17
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Lopez-Mattei JC, Yang EH, Ferencik M, Baldassarre LA, Dent S, Budoff MJ. Cardiac Computed Tomography in Cardio-Oncology: JACC: CardioOncology Primer. JACC CardioOncol 2021; 3:635-649. [PMID: 34988472 PMCID: PMC8702811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients and survivors have elevated cardiovascular risk when compared with noncancer patients. Cardio-oncology has emerged as a new subspecialty to comanage and address cardiovascular complications in cancer patients such as heart failure, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), valvular heart disease, pericardial disease, and arrhythmias. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) can be helpful in identifying both clinical and subclinical ASCVD in cancer patients and survivors. Radiation therapy treatment planning CT scans and cancer staging/re-staging imaging studies can quantify calcium scores which can identify pre-existing subclinical ASCVD. Cardiac CT can be helpful in the evaluation of cardiac tumors and pericardial diseases, especially in patients who cannot tolerate or have a contraindication to cardiac magnetic resonance. In this review, we describe the optimal utilization of cardiac CT in cancer patients, including risk assessment for ASCVD and identification of cancer treatment-related cardiovascular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric H. Yang
- UCLA Cardio-Oncology Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Maros Ferencik
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Lauren A. Baldassarre
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Susan Dent
- Duke Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew J. Budoff
- Department of Medicine, Lundquist Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
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18
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Daubenspeck DK, Hackett IS, Patel AR, Chaney MA. Diagnosing Endocarditis: Get the Picture?! J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 36:358-361. [PMID: 34801395 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian S Hackett
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Chicago, IL
| | - Amit R Patel
- Cardiac MRI and CT, Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of Chicago Chicago, IL
| | - Mark A Chaney
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago Chicago, IL
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19
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Villines TC. Progress, reflection, and the inspiring life of Dr. Michael Wilson. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2021; 15:380-381. [PMID: 34059454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Todd C Villines
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
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