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Li H, Malyar RM, Zhai N, Wang H, Liu K, Liu D, Pan C, Gan F, Huang K, Miao J, Chen X. Zinc supplementation alleviates OTA-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in MDCK cells by up-regulating metallothioneins. Life Sci 2019; 234:116735. [PMID: 31394124 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study was to investigate the protective effects of Zn supplementation in OTA-induced apoptosis of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells and explore the potential mechanisms. Aiming to provides a new insight into the treatment strategy of OTA-induced nephrotoxicity by nutritional regulation. MAIN METHODS Initially, through MTT and LDH assay revealed that Zn supplementation significantly suppressed OTA-induced cytotoxicity in MDCK cells. Then, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by using a DCFH-DA assay. Annexin V-FITC/PI, Hoechst 33258 staining and Flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptosis. The expressions of apoptosis-related molecules were determined by RT-PCR, Western blotting. Interestingly, OTA treatment slightly increased the levels of Metallothionein-1 (MT-1) and Metallothionein-2 (MT-2) by using RT-PCR, Western blotting assay; while Zn supplementation further improved the increase of MT-1 and MT-2 induced by OTA. However, the inhibitive effects of Zn supplementation were significantly blocked after double knockdown of MT-1 and MT-2 by using Small Interfering RNA (siRNA) Transfection method. KEY FINDINGS Our study provides supportive data for the potential roles of Zn in reducing OTA-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in MDCK cells. SIGNIFICANCE Zn is one of the key structural components of many proteins, which plays an important role in several physiological processes such as cell survival and apoptosis. This metal is expected to contribute to the conservative and adjuvant treatment of kidney disease and should therefore be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Rahmani Mohammad Malyar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Nianhui Zhai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Cuiling Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China.
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Schanz M, Schaaf L, Dippon J, Biegger D, Fritz P, Alscher MD, Kimmel M. Renal effects of metallothionein induction by zinc in vitro and in vivo. BMC Nephrol 2017; 18:91. [PMID: 28302075 PMCID: PMC5353879 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-017-0503-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metallothionein (MTT) is an endogenous antioxidant that can be induced by both zinc (Zn) and ischemia. In kidneys, increased MTT expression exerts a putative protective role in diabetes and hypoxia. Our goal was to further investigate the behavior of MTT under the influence of Zn and hypoxia in vitro and in vivo. METHODS MTT expression was measured in vitro in cell cultures of proximal tubular cells (LCC-PK1) by immune-histochemistry and real-time PCR after incubation with increasing concentrations of Zn under hypoxic and non-hypoxic conditions. In addition, in vivo studies were carried out in 54 patients to study MTT induction through Zn. This is a sub-study of a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial on prevention of contrast-media-induced nephropathy using Placebo, Zn and N-Acetylcysteine. Blood samples were obtained before and after 2 days p.o. treatment with or without Zn (60 mg). ELISA-based MTT level measurements were done to evaluate the effects of Zn administration. For in vivo analysis, we considered the ratio of MTT to baseline MTT (MTT1/MTT0) and the ratio of eGFR (eGFR1/eGFR0), correspondingly. RESULTS In vitro quantitative immuno-histochemical analysis (IHC) and real-time PCR showed that at increasing levels of Zn (5, 10, and 15 μg/ml) led to a progressive increase of MTTs: Median (IQR) expression of IHC also increased progressively from 0.10 (0.09-0.12), 0.15 (0.12-0.18), 0.25 (0.25-0.27), 0.59 (0.48-0.70) (p < 0.0001). Median (IQR) expression of PCR: 0.59 (0.51-1.72), 1.62 (1.38-4.70), 3.58 (3.06-10.42) and 10.81 (9.24-31.47) (p < 0.0001). In contrast, hypoxia did not change MTT-levels in vitro (p > 0.05). In vivo no significant differences (p = 0.96) occurred in MTT-levels after 2 days of Zn administration compared with no Zn intake. Nevertheless, there was a significant correlation between MTT (MTT1/MTT0) and eGFR (eGFR1/eGFR0) in case of Zn administration (rho = -0.49; 95%-CI: -0.78 to -0.03; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS We found that Zn did induce MTTs in vitro, whereas hypoxia had no significant impact. In contrast, no significant increase of MTTs was detected after in vivo administration of Zn. However, there was a significant negative correlation between MTT and eGFR in vivo in case of Zn administration, this could indicate a protective role of MTTs in a setting of reduced kidney function, which is possibly influenced by Zn. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00399256 . Retrospectively registered 11/13/2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Schanz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Robert-Bosch Hospital Stuttgart, Auerbachstraße 110, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lea Schaaf
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Juergen Dippon
- Department of Mathematics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dagmar Biegger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Robert-Bosch Hospital Stuttgart, Auerbachstraße 110, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany.,Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter Fritz
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mark Dominik Alscher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Robert-Bosch Hospital Stuttgart, Auerbachstraße 110, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martin Kimmel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Robert-Bosch Hospital Stuttgart, Auerbachstraße 110, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Irvine GW, Santolini M, Stillman MJ. Selective cysteine modification of metal-free human metallothionein 1a and its isolated domain fragments: Solution structural properties revealed via ESI-MS. Protein Sci 2017; 26:960-971. [PMID: 28187517 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Human metallothionein 1a, a protein with two cysteine-rich metal-binding domains (α with 11 Cys and β with 9), was analyzed in its metal-free form by selective, covalent Cys modification coupled with ESI-MS. The modification profiles of the isolated β- and α-fragments reacted with p-benzoquinone (Bq), N-ethylmalemide (NEM) and iodoacetamide (IAM) were compared with the full length protein using ESI-mass spectral data to follow the reaction pathway. Under denaturing conditions at low pH, the reaction profile with each modifier followed pathways that resulted in stochastic, Normal distributions of species whose maxima was equal to the mol. eq. of modifier added. Our interpretation of modification at this pH is that reaction with the cysteines is unimpeded when the full protein or those of its isolated domains are denatured. At neutral pH, where the protein is expected to be folded in a more compact structure, there is a difference in the larger Bq and NEM modification, whose reaction profiles indicate a cooperative pattern. The reaction profile with IAM under native conditions follows a similar stochastic distribution as at low pH, suggesting that this modifier is small enough to access the cysteines unimpeded by the compact structure. The data emphasize the utility of residue modification coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for the study of protein structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Irvine
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa Santolini
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Martin J Stillman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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Grigorova NV. [ALLOCATION OF ZINC, MAGNESIUM AND COPPER IN GRANULOCYTES AND SERUM OF RABBITS WHILE INTRODUCTION OF SUBSTANCES THAT CHANGE THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF ADRENAL CORTEX AND THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 61:34-9. [PMID: 26387158 DOI: 10.15407/fz61.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It was investigate the content of zinc, magnesium and copper in granulocytes and blood serum of the rabbits, that were injected with substances, that change the functional state of adrenal cortex, sympathetic-adrenal and parasympathetic nervous systems. It has been found that adrenaline, prednisolone and pilocarpine caused the multidirectional changes of these metals content in cells and in extracellular space. In this significant increase of zinc concentration by 33 - 42%, magnesium--by 33 -50%, and also decrease of copper content by 25-50% was observed in granulocytes of animals after adrenal hormones injections. Under the influence of cholinomimetics content of zinc and magnesium were essential decreased in granulocytes of the rabbits, by 58% and by 33% respectively, and content of copper was risen by 43% (P < 0.001). The opposite pattern was observed in serum. Adrenaline and prednisolone prescription caused a significant decrease of zinc concentration by 20-24%, magnesium--by 22-33%, and increase of copper content by 36-43%. Pilocarpine injection caused a decrease of zinc and magnesium content by 28 and 33% (P < 0.01) respectively, and an increase of copper concentration by 43% (P < 0.001). The obtained results also indicate a synergistic relationship between zinc and magnesium in cells, but antagonistic--these metals with copper.
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Xiao X, Xue J, Liao L, Chen X, Zeng Y, Wu Y. Determination of trace metallothioneins at nanomolar levels using phenanthroline-copper coordination by fluorescence spectra. ANAL SCI 2015; 30:999-1004. [PMID: 25312631 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.30.999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A direct fluorescence spectra method was applied for the determination of metallothioneins at nanomolar levels. In Britton-Robison (B-R) buffer (pH 7.0), the interaction of bis(1,10-phenanthroline)copper(II) complex cation [Cu(phen)2](2+) and metallothioneins enhanced the fluorescence intensity of system. The fluorescence enhancement at 365 nm was proportional to the concentration of metallothioneins. The mechanism was studied and discussed in terms of the fluorescence and UV-absorption spectra. Under the optimal experimental conditions, at 365 nm, there was a linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity and the concentration of the metallothioneins in the range of 8.30 × 10(-9) - 7.70 × 10(-7) mol L(-1). The linear regression equation was ΔF = 8.96 + 38.01c (mol L(-1)), with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.998 and detection limit 2.50 × 10(-9) mol L(-1). The relative standard deviation was 0.47% (n = 11), and the average recovery 97.2%. The proposed method was successfully reliable, selective and sensitive in determining trace metallothioneins in fish visceral organ samples with the results in good agreement with those obtained by HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Public Health, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, University of South China
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Xiao X, Xue J, Liao L, Huang M, Zhou B, He B. A highly sensitive fluorescence probe for metallothioneins based on tiron-copper complex. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 145:85-89. [PMID: 25767991 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of tiron-copper complex as a novel fluorescence probe for the sensitive directly detection of metallothioneins at nanomolar levels was demonstrated. In Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffer (pH 7.50), the interaction of bis(tiron)copper(II) complex cation [Cu(tiron)2](2+) and metallothioneins enhanced the fluorescence intensity of the system. The fluorescence enhancement at 347 nm was proportional to the concentration of metallothioneins. The mechanism was studied and discussed in terms of the fluorescence spectra. Under the optimal experimental conditions, at 347 nm, there was a linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity and the concentration of the metallothioneins in the range of 8.80 × 10(-9)-7.70 × 10(-7)mol L(-1), with a correlation coefficient of r=0.995 and detection limit 2.60 × 10(-9)mol L(-1). The relative standard deviation was 0.77% (n=11), and the average recovery 94.4%. The method proposed was successfully reliable, selective and sensitive in determining of trace metallothioneins in fish visceral organ samples with the results in good agreement with those obtained by HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Public Health, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, University of South China, Hengyang City, 421001 Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Jinhua Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Public Health, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, University of South China, Hengyang City, 421001 Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Lifu Liao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Public Health, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, University of South China, Hengyang City, 421001 Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Mingyang Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Public Health, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, University of South China, Hengyang City, 421001 Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Bin Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Public Health, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, University of South China, Hengyang City, 421001 Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Bo He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Public Health, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, University of South China, Hengyang City, 421001 Hunan Province, PR China
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Geng MJ, Liang SX, Liu W, Jin Y. Quantification of metallothioneins in the earthworm by lomefloxacin-europium(iii) fluorescent probe. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2014; 16:1923-1929. [PMID: 24924957 DOI: 10.1039/c4em00076e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new fluorimetric method was established for the determination of trace amounts of metallothioneins (MT) in earthworm, using a lomefloxacin-europium(iii) (LMLX-Eu(3+)) complex as a fluorescent probe. In a pH 6.5 Tris-HCl buffer solution, MT can markedly decrease the fluorescence intensity of LMLX-Eu(3+) at λ = 613 nm, and the magnitude of the decrease in this intensity was in direct proportion to the concentration of MT. The linear range was 0.08-20 mg L(-1) with a detection limit of 0.022 mg L(-1), and the recovery was in the range of 91.9-104.4%. The results show that the fluorimetric method is relatively accurate and sensitive to measurements of concentration for MT over a wide range. This method has been successfully applied to the determination of the concentration of MT induced by heavy metal ions (Cd(2+), Pb(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+)) in Eisenia andrei. The amount of MT increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner to the heavy-metal exposure, and these proteins can be used as biomarkers to assess the impact of heavy-metal contamination in soils. The method offered high sensitivity as well as accuracy with simple instrumentation and is suitable for direct quantification of total MT in Eisenia andrei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jiao Geng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, P. R. China.
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Liu F, Ma F, Kong G, Wu K, Deng Z, Wang H. Zinc supplementation alleviates diabetic peripheral neuropathy by inhibiting oxidative stress and upregulating metallothionein in peripheral nerves of diabetic rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 158:211-8. [PMID: 24615552 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9923-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of zinc supplementation on the expression of metallothionein, lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA), and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) in the sciatic nerve, motor nerve conduction velocity of the left sciatic posterior tibial nerve in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Twenty-four male rats were equally divided into four groups. The first group served as untreated controls although the second group received 5 mg/kg/day zinc chloride. The third group was treated with STZ to induce diabetes, and the fourth group was treated with STZ and supplemented with zinc. A gradual but insignificant decline in motor nerve conduction velocity was observed at 2 weeks of induction of diabetes. Zinc supplementation markedly attenuated the decrease in motor nerve conduction velocity at week 8 post-induction of diabetes. Furthermore, the tactile response threshold of diabetic rats receiving normal saline was lower than that of diabetic rats receiving zinc supplementation. Additionally, zinc supplementation accentuated the increase in the mRNA transcript levels of metallothionein but attenuated the increase in the mRNA transcript levels of PARP-1. At week 8 post-induction of diabetes, diabetic rats receiving normal saline had markedly higher MDA contents than diabetic rats receiving zinc supplementation. In conclusion, the present study shows that zinc has a protective effect against diabetes-induced peripheral nerve damage by stimulating metallothionein synthesis and downregulating oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
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Zalewska M, Trefon J, Milnerowicz H. The role of metallothionein interactions with other proteins. Proteomics 2014; 14:1343-56. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Zalewska
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis; Faculty of Pharmacy; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
| | - Jagoda Trefon
- Students Scientific Association; Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis; Faculty of Pharmacy; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
| | - Halina Milnerowicz
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis; Faculty of Pharmacy; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
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Chudobova D, Dostalova S, Blazkova I, Michalek P, Ruttkay-Nedecky B, Sklenar M, Nejdl L, Kudr J, Gumulec J, Tmejova K, Konecna M, Vaculovicova M, Hynek D, Masarik M, Kynicky J, Kizek R, Adam V. Effect of ampicillin, streptomycin, penicillin and tetracycline on metal resistant and non-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:3233-55. [PMID: 24651395 PMCID: PMC3987032 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110303233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
There is an arising and concerning issue in the field of bacterial resistance, which is confirmed by the number of deaths associated with drug-resistant bacterial infections. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus non-resistant strain and strains resistant to cadmium or lead ions. Metal resistant strains were created by the gradual addition of 2 mM solution of metal ions (cadmium or lead) to the S. aureus culture. An increasing antimicrobial effect of ampicillin, streptomycin, penicillin and tetracycline (0, 10, 25, 50, 75, 150, 225 and 300 µM) on the resistant strains was observed using a method of growth curves. A significant growth inhibition (compared to control) of cadmium resistant cells was observed in the presence of all the four different antibiotics. On the other hand, the addition of streptomycin and ampicillin did not inhibit the growth of lead resistant strain. Other antibiotics were still toxic to the bacterial cells. Significant differences in the morphology of cell walls were indicated by changes in the cell shape. Our data show that the presence of metal ions in the urban environment may contribute to the development of bacterial strain resistance to other substances including antibiotics, which would have an impact on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Chudobova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Simona Dostalova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Iva Blazkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Michalek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Branislav Ruttkay-Nedecky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Matej Sklenar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Lukas Nejdl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Kudr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Jaromir Gumulec
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, Brno CZ-616 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Katerina Tmejova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Marie Konecna
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Marketa Vaculovicova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic.
| | - David Hynek
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, Brno CZ-616 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Masarik
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, Brno CZ-616 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Jindrich Kynicky
- Karel Englis College, Sujanovo nam. 356/1, Brno CZ-602 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic.
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Ryvolova M, Adam V, Kizek R. Analysis of metallothionein by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1226:31-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/01/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Zalewska M, Bizoń A, Milnerowicz H. Comparison of capillary electrophoretic techniques for analysis and characterization of metallothioneins. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:3061-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Revised: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Maret W. Redox biochemistry of mammalian metallothioneins. J Biol Inorg Chem 2011; 16:1079-86. [PMID: 21647775 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-011-0800-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Metallothionein (MT) is a generic name for certain families of structurally rather variable metal-binding proteins. While purely chemical or biological approaches failed to establish a single physiologic function for MTs in any species, a combination of chemical and biological approaches and recent progress in defining the low but significant concentrations of cytosolic free zinc(II) ions have demonstrated that mammalian MTs function in cellular zinc metabolism in specific ways that differ from conventional knowledge about any other metalloprotein. Their thiolate coordination environments make MTs redox-active zinc proteins that exist in different molecular states depending on the availability of cellular zinc and the redox poise. The zinc affinities of MTs cover a range of physiologic zinc(II) ion concentrations and are modulated. Oxidative conditions make more zinc available, while reductive conditions make less zinc available. MTs move from the cytosol to cellular compartments, are secreted from cells, and are taken up by cells. They provide cellular zinc ions in a chemically available form and participate in cellular metal muffling: the combination of physiologic buffering in the steady state and the cellular redistribution and compartmentalization of transiently elevated zinc(II) ion concentrations in the pre-steady state. Cumulative evidence indicates that MTs primarily have a redox-dependent function in zinc metabolism, rather than a zinc-dependent function in redox metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Maret
- King's College London, Metal Metabolism Group, Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, London UK.
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Thirumoorthy N, Shyam Sunder A, Manisenthil Kumar K, Senthil Kumar M, Ganesh G, Chatterjee M. A review of metallothionein isoforms and their role in pathophysiology. World J Surg Oncol 2011; 9:54. [PMID: 21599891 PMCID: PMC3114003 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-9-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Metallothionein (MT) is a protein which has several interesting biological effects and has been demonstrated increase focus on the role of MT in various biological systems in the past three decades. The studies on the role of MT were limited with few areas like apoptosis and antioxidants in selected organs even fifty years after its discovery. Now acknowledge the exploration of various isoforms of MT such as MT-I, MT-II, MT-III and MT-IV and other isoforms in various biological systems. Strong evidence exists that MT modulates complex diseases and the immune system in the body but the primary function of MT still remains unknown. This review's main objective is to explore the capability to specifically manipulate MT levels in cells and in animals to provide answers regarding how MT could impact those complex disease scenarios. The experimental result mentioned in this review related among MT, zinc, cadmium, diabetic, heart disease, bone retardation, neuro toxicity, kidney dysfunction, cancer, and brain suggest novel method for exploration and contribute significantly to the growing scientist to research further in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Thirumoorthy
- Dept, of Pharmaceutics, Cherraan's College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore-39, TN, India.
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Sydor AM, Liu J, Zamble DB. Effects of metal on the biochemical properties of Helicobacter pylori HypB, a maturation factor of [NiFe]-hydrogenase and urease. J Bacteriol 2011; 193:1359-68. [PMID: 21239585 PMCID: PMC3067625 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01333-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 01/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The biosyntheses of the [NiFe]-hydrogenase and urease enzymes in Helicobacter pylori require several accessory proteins for proper construction of the nickel-containing metallocenters. The hydrogenase accessory proteins HypA and HypB, a GTPase, have been implicated in the nickel delivery steps of both enzymes. In this study, the metal-binding properties of H. pylori HypB were characterized, and the effects of metal binding on the biochemical behavior of the protein were examined. The protein can bind stoichiometric amounts of Zn(II) or Ni(II), each with nanomolar affinity. Mutation of Cys106 and His107, which are located between two major GTPase motifs, results in undetectable Ni(II) binding, and the Zn(II) affinity is weakened by 2 orders of magnitude. These two residues are also required for the metal-dependent dimerization observed in the presence of Ni(II) but not Zn(II). The addition of metals to the protein has distinct impacts on GTPase activity, with zinc significantly reducing GTP hydrolysis to below detectable levels and nickel only slightly altering the k(cat) and K(m) of the reaction. The regulation of HypB activities by metal binding may contribute to the maturation of the nickel-containing enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Sydor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jenny Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Deborah B. Zamble
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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Sadanandom A, Napier RM. Biosensors in plants. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2010; 13:736-743. [PMID: 20870451 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2010.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors come in an increasing array of forms and their development is defining the rate of advance for our understanding of many natural processes. Developmental biology is increasingly using mathematical models and yet few of these models are based on quantitative recordings. In particular, we know comparatively little about the endogenous concentrations or fluxes of signalling molecules such as the phytohormones, an area of great potential for new biosensors. There are extremely useful biosensors for some signals, but most remain qualitative. Other qualities sought in biosensors are temporal and spatial resolution and, usually, an ability to use them without significantly perturbing the system. Currently, the biosensors with the best properties are the genetically encoded optical biosensors based on FRET, but each sensor needs extensive specific effort to develop. Sensor technologies using antibodies as the recognition domain are more generic, but these tend to be more invasive and there are few examples of their use in plant biology. By capturing some of the opportunities appearing with advances in platform technologies it is hoped that more biosensors will become available to plant scientists.
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Colvin RA, Holmes WR, Fontaine CP, Maret W. Cytosolic zinc buffering and muffling: their role in intracellular zinc homeostasis. Metallomics 2010; 2:306-17. [PMID: 21069178 DOI: 10.1039/b926662c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of intracellular homeostatic control of zinc ions is now firmly grounded on experimental findings gleaned from the study of zinc proteomes and metallomes, zinc transporters, and insights from the use of computational approaches. A cell's repertoire of zinc homeostatic molecules includes cytosolic zinc-binding proteins, transporters localized to cytoplasmic and organellar membranes, and sensors of cytoplasmic free zinc ions. Under steady state conditions, a primary function of cytosolic zinc-binding proteins is to buffer the relatively large zinc content found in most cells to a cytosolic zinc(ii) ion concentration in the picomolar range. Under non-steady state conditions, zinc-binding proteins and transporters act in concert to modulate transient changes in cytosolic zinc ion concentration in a process that is called zinc muffling. For example, if a cell is challenged by an influx of zinc ions, muffling reactions will dampen the resulting rise in cytosolic zinc ion concentration and eventually restore the cytosolic zinc ion concentration to its original value by shuttling zinc ions into subcellular stores or by removing zinc ions from the cell. In addition, muffling reactions provide a potential means to control changes in cytosolic zinc ion concentrations for purposes of cell signalling in what would otherwise be considered a buffered environment not conducive for signalling. Such intracellular zinc ion signals are known to derive from redox modifications of zinc-thiolate coordination environments, release from subcellular zinc stores, and zinc ion influx via channels. Recently, it has been discovered that metallothionein binds its seven zinc ions with different affinities. This property makes metallothionein particularly well positioned to participate in zinc buffering and muffling reactions. In addition, it is well established that metallothionein is a source of zinc ions under conditions of redox signalling. We suggest that the biological functions of transient changes in cytosolic zinc ion concentrations (presumptive zinc signals) complement those of calcium ions in both spatial and temporal dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Colvin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
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Blindauer CA, Leszczyszyn OI. Metallothioneins: unparalleled diversity in structures and functions for metal ion homeostasis and more. Nat Prod Rep 2010; 27:720-41. [PMID: 20442962 DOI: 10.1039/b906685n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins have been the subject of intense study for five decades, and have greatly inspired the development of bio-analytical methodologies including multi-dimensional and multi-nuclear NMR.With further advancements in molecular biology, protein science, and instrumental techniques, recent years have seen a renaissance of research into metallothioneins. The current report focuses on in vitro studies of so-called class II metallothioneins from a variety of phyla, highlighting the diversity of metallothioneins in terms of structure, biological functions, and molecular functions such as metal ion specificity, thermodynamic stabilities, and kinetic reactivity. We are still far from being able to predict any of these properties, and further efforts will be required to generate the knowledge that will enable a better understanding of what governs the biological and chemical properties of these unusual and intriguing small proteins.
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Maret W. Metalloproteomics, metalloproteomes, and the annotation of metalloproteins. Metallomics 2010; 2:117-25. [DOI: 10.1039/b915804a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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