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Schierscher T, Salzmann L, Singh N, Fischer V, Kobel A, Bauland F, Geistanger A, Risch L, Geletneky C, Seger C, Taibon J. An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure (RMP) for the quantification of primidone in human serum and plasma. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:1327-1338. [PMID: 38549258 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-1032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Primidone is an anticonvulsive drug used in the treatment of epilepsy and essential tremor. It offers beneficial effects in controlling seizures, but its usage is also associated with possible side effects. To ensure optimal therapy, it is crucial to measure its concentration through accurate quantification methods. Therefore, our main goal was to develop and validate a new reference measurement procedure (RMP) for accurately measuring primidone levels in human serum and plasma. METHODS In our study, we focused on the separation of primidone from both known and unknown interferences using a C18 column. To achieve accurate sample preparation, we developed a protocol involving protein precipitation followed by a high dilution step. The validation of the assay and determination of measurement uncertainty were carried out following guidelines from organizations such as the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, the International Conference on Harmonization, and the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement. These rigorous validation processes ensure the reliability and accuracy of our method for quantifying primidone levels in human serum and plasma samples. RESULTS The RMP was shown to be highly selective and specific, with no evidence of matrix interference. It can be used to quantify primidone in the range of 0.150-30.0 μg/mL. Intermediate precision was less than 4.0 %, and repeatability CV ranged from 1.0 to 3.3 % across all concentration levels. The relative mean bias ranged from 0.1 to 3.9 % for native serum levels, and from -2.6 to 2.8 % for lithium-heparin plasma levels. The measurement uncertainties for single measurements and target value assignment were 1.5-4.1 % and 0.9-1.0 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we introduce an innovative LC-MS/MS-based candidate RMP specifically designed for primidone in human serum and plasma. Our RMP offers a traceable platform, facilitating the standardization of routine assays and enabling the evaluation of clinically relevant samples. With this novel approach, we aim to enhance the accuracy and reliability of primidone measurements, ultimately benefiting the field of clinical research and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anja Kobel
- Dr. Risch Ostschweiz AG, Buchs, Switzerland
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2
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Sánchez-Sellero I, Álvarez-Freire I, Cabarcos-Fernández P, Janza-Candal L, Tabernero-Duque MJ, Bermejo-Barrera AM. Determination of lamotrigine in human plasma by HPLC-PDA. Application to forensic samples. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2024:10.1007/s12024-024-00812-9. [PMID: 38598081 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-024-00812-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Therapeutic drug monitoring of plasma lamotrigine (LTG) has customarily been carried out in order to prevent some its adverse effects. For forensic purposes, determination of LTG in plasma is an useful tool in cases of accidental overdose or suicidal attempts. Currently, there are several analytical methods available including some based on LC tandem mass spectrometry techniques, but simple and accessible LC-UV methods still can be useful for the purpose. Here we report on a new high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of lamotrigine in human plasma which has been developed and validated including selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy, precision and recovery studies. METHODS Lamotrigine and the internal standard chloramphenicol were extracted from plasma using liquid-liquid extraction using small volumes of buffer and ethylacetate. Detection was monitored at 305.7 and 276.0 nm for lamotrigine and chloramphenicol, respectively. RESULTS The method was linear concentration dependence within the range of 0.1-10 µg/ml, with a mean coefficient of correlation r = 0.993. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.04 µg/ml and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.1 µg/ml. Intra and interday precision values were lower than 9.0% at all concentrations studied. The intra and interday accuracy values ranged from - 7.6 to 10.1%. Recovery was found to be 98.9% or higher. The method here described was successfully applied to 11 postmortem blood samples received at the Forensic Sciences Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Spain). CONCLUSION A new HPLC method for the determination of lamotrigine in human plasma was developed and validated. A liquid-liquid extraction using small volumes of buffer and ethylacetate was optimized. The proposed method is suitable for forensic toxicological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Sánchez-Sellero
- Forensic Toxicology Service, Forensic Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, C/ San Francisco s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
| | - Iván Álvarez-Freire
- Forensic Toxicology Service, Forensic Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, C/ San Francisco s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Pamela Cabarcos-Fernández
- Forensic Toxicology Service, Forensic Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, C/ San Francisco s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Lidia Janza-Candal
- Forensic Toxicology Service, Forensic Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, C/ San Francisco s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - María Jesús Tabernero-Duque
- Forensic Toxicology Service, Forensic Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, C/ San Francisco s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Ana María Bermejo-Barrera
- Forensic Toxicology Service, Forensic Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, C/ San Francisco s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
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3
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Shi X, Zhang D, Zhao Z, Mei S. UHPLC-MS/MS for plasma lamotrigine analysis and comparison with a homogenous enzyme immunoassay. Bioanalysis 2024; 16:233-243. [PMID: 38334119 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2023-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims: To develop and validate a UHPLC-MS/MS method for lamotrigine (LTG) analysis in human plasma and evaluate its agreement with a homogenous enzyme immunoassay (HEIA). Materials & methods: The UHPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated according to the USFDA/EMA guidelines. A Bland-Altman plot was used to evaluate the agreement between UHPLC-MS/MS and HEIA. Results: Samples were pretreated with one-step protein precipitation and separated in 2.6 min. The intra- and inter-day bias and imprecisions were -15.8 to 15.0% and less than 11.17%, respectively. The recovery and matrix factor were 98.30 to 111.97%. The mean overestimation of UHPLC-MS/MS compared with HEIA was 21.57%. Conclusion: A rapid, sensitive and robust UHPLC-MS/MS method for plasma LTG analysis was developed and validated and was a 21.57% overestimation compared with HEIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Shi
- Children's Hospital, Capital Institute Of Paediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Dongjie Zhang
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 Nansihuan West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 Nansihuan West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Shenghui Mei
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 Nansihuan West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, China
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4
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Milosheska D, Roškar R. Simple HPLC-UV Method for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of 12 Antiepileptic Drugs and Their Main Metabolites in Human Plasma. Molecules 2023; 28:7830. [PMID: 38067559 PMCID: PMC10708341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present report was to develop and validate a simple, selective, and reproducible high-performance liquid chromatography method with UV detection suitable for routine therapeutic drug monitoring of the most commonly used antiepileptic drugs and some of their metabolites. Simple precipitation of plasma proteins with acetonitrile was used for sample preparation. 10,11-dihydrocarbamazepine was used as an internal standard. Chromatographic separation of the analytes was achieved by gradient elution on a Phenyl-Hexyl column at 40 °C, using methanol and potassium phosphate buffer (25 mM; pH 5.1) as a mobile phase. The method was validated according to the FDA guidelines for bioanalytical method validation. It showed to be selective, accurate, precise, and linear over the concentration ranges of 1-50 mg/L for phenobarbital, phenytoin, levetiracetam, rufinamide, zonisamide, and lacosamide; 0.5-50 mg/L for lamotrigine, primidone, carbamazepine and 10-monohydroxycarbazepine; 0.2-10 mg/L for carbamazepine metabolites: 10,11-trans-dihydroxy-10,11-dihydrocarbamazepine and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide; 0.1-10 mg/L for oxcarbazepine; 2-100 mg/L for felbamate and 3-150 mg/L for ethosuximide. The suitability of the validated method for routine therapeutic drug monitoring was confirmed by quantification of the analytes in plasma samples from patients with epilepsy on combination antiepileptic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Roškar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva Cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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5
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Ke S, Lian R, Wang R, Rao Y, Liang C, Liang J, Zhang Y. Rapid quantification of phenobarbital and barbital in human whole blood by liquid-liquid extraction combined with DART-orbitrap-HRMS. Forensic Toxicol 2023; 41:126-134. [PMID: 36652071 DOI: 10.1007/s11419-022-00650-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to develop and validate a rapid, simple, and efficient bioanalytical method for the simultaneous quantification of phenobarbital and barbital in human whole blood using liquid-liquid extraction combined with direct analysis in real time (DART) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). METHOD Phenobarbital-d5 and aprobarbital were selected as internal standards (ISs) of phenobarbital and barbital, respectively. A mixed solvent of o-xylene and ethyl acetate at a ratio of 1:6 was used to extract analytes of interest and ISs from 100 μL of human whole blood samples. Phenobarbital and barbital were detected by DART-HRMS. The proposed method has been validated in accordance with United States Food and Drug Administration Guidelines for Bioanalytical Method Validation in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, matrix effect, recovery, stability, and dilution integrity. RESULTS The lower limits of quantification (LLOQs) of phenobarbital and barbital were both 10 ng/mL. The linearities were in the range of 10-1000 ng/mL (R2 ≥ 0.99). The mean recovery values of phenobarbital and barbital were 99.7% and 88.1%, respectively. The interday and intraday precision values were less than 10.4%, and the interday and intraday accuracy values ranged from 87.6 to 106.7%. Furthermore, the validated method was applied to four cases of phenobarbital poisoning at the Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science. CONCLUSION The developed and fully validated method enabled the simultaneous quantification of phenobarbital and barbital in human whole blood and was successfully applied to authentic cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Ke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Ru Lian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Yulan Rao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Jianying Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yurong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai, 200083, China.
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6
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Wang X, Chen Z, Ke X, Wang Y, Hu L, Tang C. Comparison of HPLC-DAD and UPLC-MS/MS in Monitoring Serum Concentration
of Lamotrigine. CURR PHARM ANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412917666210215150712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Lamotrigine (LTG) is a broad-spectrum and first-line anti-epileptic drug.
To monitor the serum levels of LTG in epileptic seizures patients, high-performance liquid chromatography
with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography--
tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) methods were established and compared.
Methods:
Imatinib was used as the internal standard (IS) for both methods. LTG and IS were detected
at 246 nm by HPLC-DAD. In UPLC-MS/MS, LTG and IS positive ion were detected by
multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), with m/z of 256/210.9 and 494/394.02, respectively. A total
of 37 blood samples from epileptic patients were determined and studied by these two methods.
Results:
There was an acceptable linearity for the two methods. The concentration range of LTG
was 0.59 ~ 22.20 mg/L by HPLC, and 0.28 ~ 23.97 mg/L by UPLC-MS/MS. The Pearson regression
coefficient of Deming regression was 0.9653 (95% CI: 0.9332 to 0.9821). Bland–Altman
method demonstrated that the concentration of LTG determined by UPLC-MS/MS was 8.3% higher
than that determined by HPLC (limits of agreement, -32.0% to +48.6%).
Conclusion:
There was a significant correlation between the two methods. Both HPLC and UPLC-
MS/MS can be used for routine clinical monitoring of LTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Yueqing Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Yueqing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Yueqing Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Yueqing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofang Ke
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lufeng Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Congrong Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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7
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Shi M, Zheng X, Lu D, Duan X, Wang Y, Liu Y, Xue H, Yin L. Ultrafast and high-throughput quantitative analysis of carbamazepine in human plasma by direct analysis in real time tandem mass spectrometry coupled with solid phase extraction to eliminate matrix effects. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 214:114751. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Zhao YL, Zhao LL, You YX, Zheng XX, Du Y, Tang DQ. Development and evaluation of a simple and easy HPLC-UV system simultaneously suitable for determination of 24 anti-epileptic drugs in plasma. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2161-2176. [PMID: 35442556 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This paper aims to establish a simple and easy HPLC system coupled with UV detector suitable for simultaneous determination of 24 antiepileptic drugs in human plasma. Optimized chromatographic separation was performed on a ZORBAX Eclipse Plus-C18 (4.6 mm×150 mm, 3.5 μm) column with acetonitrile and 5 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate water solution as mobile phase. 24 antiepileptic drugs were divided into three groups and eluted with different gradient procedures, respectively. The column temperature was maintained at 35 °C and the detection wavelength was set at 210 nm. Plasma was processed with ethyl acetate or acetonitrile. The calibration curves of 24 antiepileptic drugs demonstrated good linearity within the test range (r > 0.996). The intra- and inter-batch precision and accuracy were all less than 15%, while extraction recoveries were in the range of 74.57%∼90.89% with the RSD values less than 15%. The validated methods have been successfully applied to determination of some antiepileptic drugs in rat or patient plasma. Those results indicated that the developed methods were simple and easy, and could be suitable for the determination of 24 antiepileptic drugs in plasma just by changing the gradient elution procedures of mobile phase. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Suining People's Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Suining, 221202, China
| | - Lin-Lin Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yu-Xin You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Yan Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221204, China
| | - Dao-Quan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221204, China
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9
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Lamotrigine Extraction and Quantification by UPLC-DAD in Plasma from Patients with Bipolar Disorder. Int J Anal Chem 2022; 2022:3288646. [PMID: 35465195 PMCID: PMC9020951 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3288646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A sensitive and efficient analytical process for detecting lamotrigine in acidic solution based in ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (UPLC-DAD) was developed; the stationary phase used was a C8, 150 × 4.6 mm, 2.6 µm. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile/acidified water (0.01% H3PO4 and 0.005% triethylamine, pH 2.4) (25 : 75 v/v). Limits of detection and quantification were 0.02 µg/mL and 0.05 µg/mL, respectively. The working interval for the evaluation of the method ranged from 0.05 to 12 µg/mL, and the linear fit of the experimental data has a value of r2≥0.98. Before quantifying lamotrigine in plasma of patients with bipolar disorder, lamotrigine was released from plasma proteins with a 0.2 M sodium hydroxide solution, and then proteins were removed by precipitation with acetonitrile. Afterward, the lamotrigine base was dissolved in ethyl acetate. This extract was reconstituted in potassium phosphate solution (pH 2.4) to obtain more than 98% of lamotrigine protonated in N2, which was detected and quantified as indicated above. The absolute percentage of lamotrigine recovery is ≥80% for all tested concentration levels. The accuracy and precision of the method have %CV values <4% for the lamotrigine levels of 3, 6, and 9 µg/mL. The correlation coefficient for the used concentration range is 0.99. The analytical method is precise and sensitive to measure lamotrigine levels expected in plasma of BD patients and these levels were in the therapeutic dose range.
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10
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Karaźniewicz-Łada M, Główka AK, Mikulska AA, Główka FK. Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug Interactions among Antiepileptic Drugs, Including CBD, Drugs Used to Treat COVID-19 and Nutrients. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179582. [PMID: 34502487 PMCID: PMC8431452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are an important group of drugs of several generations, ranging from the oldest phenobarbital (1912) to the most recent cenobamate (2019). Cannabidiol (CBD) is increasingly used to treat epilepsy. The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2019 created new challenges in the effective treatment of epilepsy in COVID-19 patients. The purpose of this review is to present data from the last few years on drug–drug interactions among of AEDs, as well as AEDs with other drugs, nutrients and food. Literature data was collected mainly in PubMed, as well as google base. The most important pharmacokinetic parameters of the chosen 29 AEDs, mechanism of action and clinical application, as well as their biotransformation, are presented. We pay a special attention to the new potential interactions of the applied first-generation AEDs (carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital and primidone), on decreased concentration of some medications (atazanavir and remdesivir), or their compositions (darunavir/cobicistat and lopinavir/ritonavir) used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. CBD interactions with AEDs are clearly defined. In addition, nutrients, as well as diet, cause changes in pharmacokinetics of some AEDs. The understanding of the pharmacokinetic interactions of the AEDs seems to be important in effective management of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Karaźniewicz-Łada
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (M.K.-Ł.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Anna K. Główka
- Department of Bromatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-354 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Aniceta A. Mikulska
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (M.K.-Ł.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Franciszek K. Główka
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland; (M.K.-Ł.); (A.A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-(0)61-854-64-37
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11
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Naguib IA, Ali NA, Elroby FA, Elghobashy MR. Green HPLC-DAD and HPTLC Methods for Quantitative Determination of Binary Mixture of Pregabalin and Amitriptyline Used for Neuropathic Pain Management. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 59:536-547. [PMID: 33778855 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
First analytical methods were herein developed for determination of pregabalin (PGB) and amitriptyline (AMT) as an active binary mixture used for management of neuropathic pain whether in pure forms or in human biological fluids (plasma/urine). First method is green high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) after derivatization of PGB with ninhydrin (NIN) on a reversed-phase C18 column using a mobile phase consisting of ethanol:water (97:3%, v/v) pumped isocratically at 0.8 mL/min; AMT were scanned at 215 nm, whereas PGB-NIN was scanned at 580 nm. Second method is High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), where PGB and AMT were separated on silica gel HPTLC F254 plates, using ethanol:ethyl acetate:acetone:ammonia solution (8:2:1:0.05, by volume) as a developing system. AMT peaks were scanned at 220 nm, whereas PGB peaks were visualized by spraying 3% (w/v) ethanolic NIN solution and scanning at 550 nm. Linear calibration curves were obtained for human plasma and urine spiked with PGB and AMT over the ranges of 5-100 μg/mL and 0.2-2.5 μg/band for PGB, and 1-100 μg/mL and 0.1-2.0 μg/band for AMT for HPLC-DAD and HPTLC methods, respectively. The suggested methods were validated according to Food and Drug Administration guidelines for bioanalytical methods validation and they can be applied for routine therapeutic drug monitoring for the concerned drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim A Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, PO Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nesma A Ali
- Analytical Toxicology Laboratory, Forensic Medicine Authority, Ministry of Justice, Cairo 11647, Egypt
| | - Fadwa A Elroby
- Faculty of Medicine, Forensic Medicine Department, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R Elghobashy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Analytical Chemistry Department, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.,Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, October 6 city, Giza 12585, Egypt
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12
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Opuni KFM, Boadu JA, Amponsah SK, Okai CA. High performance liquid chromatography: A versatile tool for assaying antiepileptic drugs in biological matrices. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1179:122750. [PMID: 34237479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a recurrent long-term illness occurring in approximately 1.0% of the world's population. There are currently about 29 approved antiepileptic drugs for the management of epilepsy. Due to narrow therapeutic indices of most antiepileptic drugs, clinical pharmacokinetic characteristics and therapeutic drug monitoring of these drugs are imperative. The objectives of this review were to identify common chromatographic principles, requirements and/or conditions for high-performance liquid chromatography as applied to assay of antiepileptic drugs in biological matrices. The review was conducted using 66 peer reviewed articles (1990 to 2020) from 29 journals that were sought via PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar. In all, 29 antiepileptic drugs were assayed from 6 different biological matrices. Forty-three of the reviewed articles estimated the concentration of only one antiepileptic drug, whilst 23 articles focused on simultaneous determination of two or more antiepileptic drugs. Thirty-four, 20, and 14 articles reported using liquid-liquid extraction, protein precipitation, or solid phase extraction for sample clean up, respectively. The ratio of reversed-phase to normal phase, LC-UV to LC-MS and isocratic elution to gradient elution were 61:3, 43:7 and 55:11, respectively. With the exception of one article the reported recoveries ranged from 60.3% to 109.6%. It is noteworthy, that, the performance metrics of high-performance liquid chromatography are better compared to other assays of antiepileptic drugs in biological matrices. This review describes the relevant liquid chromatographic method conditions over the past 30 years for the analysis of this class of drugs, which provides a basis for further method development and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwabena F M Opuni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, Ghana.
| | - Joseph A Boadu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - Seth K Amponsah
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - Charles A Okai
- Department of Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kumasi Technical University, Ghana
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13
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Palakeeti B, Reddy KV, Gobi KV, Rao PN, Chinta JP. Simple and efficient method for the quantification of antiepileptic drugs in human plasma by using magnetic graphene oxide-β-cyclodextrin composite as a sorbent. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00239-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In recent days, solid-phase extraction methods are widely utilized for the extraction of drug molecules from plasma samples due to their easy operating procedures and low matrix effect. The trace-level solid-phase extraction of three structurally related antiepileptic drugs brivaracetam (BVC), eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL), and carbamazepine (CBZ) was investigated by using a magnetic porous material graphene oxide-β-cyclodextrin (MGO-CD). Morphology, magnetic properties, and structure of the synthesized MGO-CD were characterized by using FT-IR, SEM, XRD, and VSM.
Results
Solid-phase extraction (SPE) methods were used to extract the analytes from human plasma. Different extraction solvents such as acetonitrile (ACN), methanol (MeOH), acetone, chloroform (CHCl3), tertiary butyl diethyl ether (TBDE), and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) with variable polarities were used to extract drug molecules from MGO-CD. The linearity analysis showed good correlation coefficient values (R2) of 0.9989, 0.9995, and 0.9982 for BVC, ESL, and CBZ respectively. The LOD and LOQ ranges were found to be 6.14–28.32 ng mL−1 and 20.45–94.31 ng mL−1 respectively.
Conclusion
The high accuracy and precision made the developed HPLC method with MGO-CD a suitable alternative for the bioequivalence study of BVC, ESL, and CBZ in human plasma. This developed HPLC-UV method has good efficiency for recoveries and good linearity and is simple to handle. And also, it gave low retention time for the three antiepileptic drugs within 8 min. It provides high efficiency for the extraction of trace-level substances from human plasma.
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14
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Dolatabadi R, Mohammadi A, Nojavan S, Yaripour S, Tafakhori A, Shirangi M. Electromembrane extraction‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet detection of phenobarbital and phenytoin in human plasma, saliva, and urine. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Dolatabadi
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Saeed Nojavan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pollutants Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran
| | - Saeid Yaripour
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Abbas Tafakhori
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Shirangi
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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15
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Graphene quantum dot-stabilized gold nanoparticles as a new colorimetric probe for in situ quantification of phenytoin in biological samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Sommerfeld-Klatta K, Zielińska-Psuja B, Karaźniewcz-Łada M, Główka FK. New Methods Used in Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Monitoring of the First and Newer Generations of Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs). Molecules 2020; 25:E5083. [PMID: 33147810 PMCID: PMC7663638 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The review presents data from the last few years on bioanalytical methods used in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of the 1st-3rd generation and the newest antiepileptic drug (AEDs) cenobamate in patients with various forms of seizures. Chemical classification, structure, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic data and therapeutic ranges for total and free fractions and interactions were collected. The primary data on bioanalytical methods for AEDs determination included biological matrices, sample preparation, dried blood spot (DBS) analysis, column resolution, detection method, validation parameters, and clinical utility. In conclusion, the most frequently described method used in AED analysis is the LC-based technique (HPLC, UHPLC, USLC) combined with highly sensitive mass detection or fluorescence detection. However, less sensitive UV is also used. Capillary electrophoresis and gas chromatography have been rarely applied. Besides the precipitation of proteins or LLE, an automatic SPE is often a sample preparation method. Derivatization was also indicated to improve sensitivity and automate the analysis. The usefulness of the methods for TDM was also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Sommerfeld-Klatta
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznań, Poland; (K.S.-K.); (B.Z.-P.)
| | - Barbara Zielińska-Psuja
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznań, Poland; (K.S.-K.); (B.Z.-P.)
| | - Marta Karaźniewcz-Łada
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Franciszek K. Główka
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland;
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17
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US FDA-validated green GC-MS method for analysis of gabapentin, tramadol and/or amitriptyline mixtures in biological fluids. Bioanalysis 2020; 12:1521-1533. [PMID: 33118848 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2020-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mixtures of gabapentin, tramadol and/or amitriptyline are usually recommended for treatment of neuropathic pain. Materials & methods/results: A novel GC-MS/MS method was developed to assess the studied mixture whether in pure forms or human biological fluids (plasma/urine). The chromatographic detection was performed using MS detector applying the selected ion-monitoring mode. An (Agilent, CA, USA) GC-MS with triple axis single quadrupole detector unit was used for the analysis equipped with HP-5MS (5% phenyl methyl siloxane) column. Helium was the carrier gas and positive electron impact ionization mode was applied. Conclusion: The developed method was able to assess the mixture components simultaneously within six minutes. Validation of the method was assured according to US FDA guidelines and Eco-Scale assessment.
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18
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Zhao Q, Jin S, Liu Q, Zhao Z, Feng W, Mei S. Simultaneous Determination of Lamotrigine, Topiramate, Oxcarbazepine, and 10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxycarbazepine in Human Blood Plasma by UHPLC-MS/MS. CURR ANAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411016666200108143049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Lamotrigine (LTG), topiramate (TPM), and oxcarbazepine (OXC) are
commonly used antiepileptic drugs. The bioactivity and toxicity of these drugs were related to their
blood concentrations which varied greatly among individuals and required to be monitored for dose
adjustment. However, the commercial method for monitoring of these drugs is not available in China.
Methods:
A UHPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of LTG, TPM, OXC, and OXC
active metabolite (10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxycarbazepine, MHD) was developed and validated according
to the guidelines and applied in clinical practice.
Results:
he separation was achieved by using methanol and water (both contain 0.1% formic acid)
at 0.4 mL/min under gradient elution within 3 min. For all analytes, the isotope internal standard was
used; the selectivity was good without significant carry over; LTG and TPM were linear between
0.06 to 12 mg/L while OXC and MHD were linear between 0.03 to 6 mg/L, the upper limit could be
10-fold higher because 10-fold dilution with water did not affect the results; the intra-day and interday
bias and imprecision were -13.11% to 5.42% and < 13.32%; the internal standard normalized recovery
and matrix factor were 90.95% to 111.94% and 95.57% to 109.91%; and all analytes were
stable under tested conditions. LTG and OXC-D4 shared two ion pairs m/z 257.1 > 212.0 and 257.1 >
184.0, and m/z 257.1 > 240.0 was suggested for OXC-D4 quantitation. Lamotrigine and lamotrigine-
13C3 shared three ion pairs m/z 259.0 > 214.0, 259.0 > 168.0 and 259.0 > 159.0, and m/z 259.0 >
144.9 was suggested for LTG-13C3 quantitation. CBZ had a slight influence on OXC analysis only at
0.225 mg/L (bias, 20.24%) but did not affect MHD analysis. Optimization of chromatography conditions
was useful to avoid the influence of isobaric mass transitions on analysis. This method has been
successfully applied in 208 patients with epilepsy for dose adjustment.
Conclusions:
An accurate, robust, rapid, and simple method for simultaneous determination of LTG,
TPM, OXC, and MHD by UHPLC-MS/MS was developed, validated, and successfully applied in patients
with epilepsy for dose adjustment. The experiences during method development, validation,
and application might be helpful for other researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 Nansihuan West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Siyao Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 Nansihuan West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Qingyang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 Nansihuan West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 Nansihuan West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Weixing Feng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Shenghui Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 Nansihuan West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070, China
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Tuzimski T, Petruczynik A. Review of Chromatographic Methods Coupled with Modern Detection Techniques Applied in the Therapeutic Drugs Monitoring (TDM). Molecules 2020; 25:E4026. [PMID: 32899296 PMCID: PMC7504794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a tool used to integrate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics knowledge to optimize and personalize various drug therapies. The optimization of drug dosing may improve treatment outcomes, reduce toxicity, and reduce the risk of developing drug resistance. To adequately implement TDM, accurate and precise analytical procedures are required. In clinical practice, blood is the most commonly used matrix for TDM; however, less invasive samples, such as dried blood spots or non-invasive saliva samples, are increasingly being used. The choice of sample preparation method, type of column packing, mobile phase composition, and detection method is important to ensure accurate drug measurement and to avoid interference from matrix effects and drug metabolites. Most of the reported procedures used liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques due to its high selectivity and sensitivity. High-performance chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) methods are also used when a simpler and more cost-effective methodology is desired for clinical monitoring. The application of high-performance chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) with and without derivatization processes and high-performance chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED) techniques for the analysis of various drugs in biological samples for TDM have been described less often. Before chromatographic analysis, samples were pretreated by various procedures-most often by protein precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction, and solid-phase extraction, rarely by microextraction by packed sorbent, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. The aim of this article is to review the recent literature (2010-2020) regarding the use of liquid chromatography with various detection techniques for TDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Tuzimski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Petruczynik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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20
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Erarpat S, Bodur S, Ayyıldız MF, Günkara ÖT, Erulaş F, Chormey DS, Turak F, Budak TB, Bakırdere S. Accurate and simple determination of oxcarbazepine in human plasma and urine samples using switchable-hydrophilicity solvent in GC-MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4915. [PMID: 32529647 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a sensitive and rapid analytical method for the determination of oxcarbazepine in human plasma and urine samples. A vortex-assisted switchable hydrophilicity solvent-based liquid phase microextraction (VA-SHS-LPME) was used to preconcentrate oxcarbazepine from the samples before the determination by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The switchable hydrophilicity solvent was synthesized by protonating N,N-dimethylbenzylamine with carbon dioxide to make it totally miscible with an equivalent volume of water. Parameters of the VA-SHS-LPME method including volume of switchable hydrophilicity solvent, concentration/volume of sodium hydroxide and vortex period were systematically optimized. Under the optimum conditions, good linearity ranging from 27.03 to 353.47 μg/kg was obtained for the analyte. Limit of detection and quantitation values were found to be 6.2 and 21 μg/kg (mass base), respectively. The relative standard deviation was calculated as 6.9% for six replicate measurements of the lowest concentration of the calibration plot. Satisfactory recovery results were calculated in the range of 97-100% for human plasma and urine samples spiked at five different concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezin Erarpat
- Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Bodur
- Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Fırat Ayyıldız
- Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ömer Tahir Günkara
- Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Erulaş
- Siirt University, Faculty of Education, Department of Science Education, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Dotse Selali Chormey
- Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Turak
- Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Türkan Börklü Budak
- Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, Turkey
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21
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Jin S, Zhao Q, Zhang D, Zhao Z, Mei S. Development and validation of an improved HPLC-UV method for simultaneous determination of lamotrigine and oxcarbazepine and its active metabolite 10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxycarbazepine in human blood plasma and comparison with an UHPLC-MS/MS method. J Anal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-019-0198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractLamotrigine (LTG) and oxcarbazepine (OXC) are first-line drugs for epilepsy treatment. Their large pharmacokinetics variabilities and relations between efficacy and toxicity and blood plasma concentration require routine monitoring for dose adjustment. In this study, we developed and validated a simple, accurate, and reliable method for simultaneous determination of LTG, OXC and 10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxycarbazepine (MHD) in human blood plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) with a simple one-step protein precipitation using methanol (1% acetic acid) and 15 min elution time under isocratic elution at 1 mL/min. Calibration range was 2.4 to 120 mg/L for LTG, OXC, and MHD. The intra-day and inter-day bias were − 8.84 to 4.18%, and the imprecision was less than 8.08% for all analytes. The internal standard (fluconazole) normalized recovery was 96.30 to 107.69% for LTG, 98.51 to 111.04% for MHD, and 95.04 to 109.86% for OXC. A total of 186 LTG samples and 25 MHD samples were used to evaluate the agreement between HPLC-UV and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) by Passing-Bablok regression and Bland-Altman plot. The mean bias and the 95% limits of agreement (95% LOA) of the two measurements were 0.575 mg/L and − 1.238 to 2.387 mg/L for LTG (n = 186) and − 1.222 mg/L and − 8.271 to 5.827 mg/L for MHD (n = 25), which indicated the UV method was comparable with the MS method for LTG and MHD analysis.
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22
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Wang L, Wang J, Zhang J, Jiang Q, Zhao L, Zhang T. Simultaneous determination of topiramate, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine and its major metabolite in human plasma by SFC-ESI-MS/MS with polarity switching: Application to therapeutic drug monitoring. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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23
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Alanis-Sánchez BM, Pérez-Tapia SM, Vázquez-Leyva S, Mejía-Calvo I, Macías-Palacios Z, Vallejo-Castillo L, Flores-Ortiz CM, Guerrero-Barajas C, Cruz-Maya JA, Jan-Roblero J. Utilization of naproxen by Amycolatopsis sp. Poz 14 and detection of the enzymes involved in the degradation metabolic pathway. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:186. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2764-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Qu L, Pan L, Wang L, Liu C, Tian Y, Hao Z. Development of an online solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of oxcarbazepine and its active metabolite licarbazepine from plasma with a direct injection step. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1125:121710. [PMID: 31299362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We developed an online solid phase extraction procedure using a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance sorbent, with reversed-phase liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectroscopy for the determination of oxcarbazepine and its active metabolite licarbazepine in plasma samples. The analytes were detected using a high-resolution Q Orbitrap mass spectrometer with targeted-selected ion monitoring (t-SIM) in positive scan mode. Under the optimized conditions, the method was linear with R2 values >0.99. The method was linear from 0.008 to 2.000 μg mL-1 and the lower limit of quantification was 0.008 μg mL-1 for both oxcarbazepine and licarbazepine. Recoveries ranged from 92.34 to 104.27% and from matrix-matched samples from 94.26 to 104.19%. The intraday and interday precision RSD values were <9.13% with an associated accuracy of 92.71 to 104.06%. The total time for the one step online procedure was only 8 min. This method provides a direct and accurate measurement for therapeutic drug monitoring of oxcarbazepine and its active metabolite licarbazepine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Qu
- Agricultural Bio-pharmaceutical Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Key Laboratory of Bee Products for Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Lixuan Pan
- Agricultural Bio-pharmaceutical Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Integrated of Chinese and Western Medicine, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Congmin Liu
- Agricultural Bio-pharmaceutical Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yanhong Tian
- Agricultural Bio-pharmaceutical Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhihui Hao
- Agricultural Bio-pharmaceutical Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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25
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Wang ZZ, Zhang YF, Huang WC, Wang XP, Ni XJ, Lu HY, Hu JQ, Deng SH, Zhu XQ, Xie HS, Chen HZ, Zhang M, Qiu C, Wen YG, Shang DW. Effects of Comedication and Genetic Factors on the Population Pharmacokinetics of Lamotrigine: A Prospective Analysis in Chinese Patients With Epilepsy. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:832. [PMID: 31404235 PMCID: PMC6669232 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamotrigine (LTG) is a second-generation anti-epileptic drug widely used for focal and generalized seizures in adults and children, and as a first-line medication in pregnant women and women of childbearing age. However, LTG pharmacokinetics shows high inter-individual variability, thus potentially leading to therapeutic failure or side effects in patients. This prospective study aimed to establish a population pharmacokinetics model for LTG in Chinese patients with epilepsy and to investigate the effects of genetic variants in uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A4, UGT2B7, MDR1, ABCG2, ABCC2, and SLC22A1, as well as non-genetic factors, on LTG pharmacokinetics. The study population consisted of 89 patients with epilepsy, with 419 concentrations of LTG. A nonlinear mixed effects model was implemented in NONMEM software. A one-compartment model with first-order input and first-order elimination was found to adequately characterize LTG concentration. The population estimates of the apparent volume of distribution (V/F) and apparent clearance (CL/F) were 12.7 L and 1.12 L/h, respectively. The use of valproic acid decreased CL/F by 38.5%, whereas the co-administration of rifampicin caused an increase in CL/F of 64.7%. The CL/F decreased by 52.5% in SLC22A1-1222AA carriers. Patients with the ABCG2-34AA genotype had a 42.0% decrease in V/F, whereas patients with the MDR1-2677TT and C3435TT genotypes had a 136% increase in V/F. No obvious genetic effect of UGT enzymes was found relative to the concentrations of LTG in Chinese patients. Recommended dose regimens for patients with different gene polymorphisms and comedications were estimated on the basis of Monte Carlo simulations and the established model. These findings should be valuable for developing individualized dosage regimens in adult and adolescent Chinese patients 13–65 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Zhang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Feng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Can Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Bureau of Civil Affairs Psychiatric Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi-Pei Wang
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Province People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao-Yang Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Qing Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Hua Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Qing Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan-Shan Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Zhen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Guan Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - De-Wei Shang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Khoubnasabjafari M, Samadi A, Jouyban A. In-situ microscale spectrophotometric determination of phenytoin by using branched gold nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:422. [PMID: 31187298 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3546-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A rapid method for the sensitive detection of phenytoin (PHT) by branched gold nanoparticles (B-AuNPs) is described. These nanoparticles were synthesized by adding methanol as the reducing agent and poly(ethylene glycol) as the stabilizer at 70 °C. The B-AuNPs are red in color with an absorption maximum at 540 nm when prepared in situ. However, the color becomes increasingly weaker when PHT is present in increasing concentrations. This method can determine PHT over the 67-670 ng·mL-1 concentration range, with detection limit of 21 ng·mL-1. The relative standard deviation for five replicate measurements at 68 and 530 ng·mL-1 of PHT was 3.2% and 1.2%, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of PHT in plasma samples of epileptic patients, and the results were in agreement with those obtained by a standard official method. Graphical abstract Branched gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) prepared in situ have a red color with an absorption maximum at 540 nm. The color becomes increasingly weaker with decreasing the intensity of the characteristic SPR band when PHT is present in increasing concentration. The current assay is capable of determining PHT over the 67-670 ng·mL-1 concentration range with a limit of detection of 21 ng·mL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khoubnasabjafari
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran
| | - Azam Samadi
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran.
| | - Abolghasem Jouyban
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran.,Kimia Idea Pardaz Azarbayjan (KIPA) Science Based Company, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran
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Guo M, Shao L, Du Y, Qian Z, Huang T, Tang D. Microporous polymer based on the new compound "bi-(4-vinyl phenylquinoline) amide" for enrichment and quantitative determination of lamotrigine in rat and human serum. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:3353-3360. [PMID: 30957206 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01812-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Lamotrigine is one of the most widely used antiepileptic drugs in the treatment of epilepsy. This kind of drug needs to be used in the long term and should be quantitatively detected in the blood of patients to avoid drug toxicity caused by individual differences and environmental and pathological changes in the process of taking. The detection of antiepileptic drugs in human blood is challenging because of their low contents and the interference of complex matrices. Thus, the sample enrichment method has been commonly used to improve the sensitivity of detection. In this work, we have synthesized a new "bi-(4-vinyl phenylquinoline) amide" compound and used it as the monomer to produce the hyper-cross-linked microporous polymer for the enrichment of lamotrigine. This material has a high adsorption capacity, specificity, and linearity, which can improve the detection sensitivity of lamotrigine by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The mechanism of this phenomenon has also been investigated. Finally, we have developed the microporous polymer enrichment coupled with HPLC method for the quantitative determination of lamotrigine in rat and human serum samples. This method has excellent precision, accuracy, and recovery, meeting the test of biological sample. The low limit of quantitation was 0.625 μg/mL. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhe Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zengting Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tonghui Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daoquan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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Ana R, Mendes M, Sousa J, Pais A, Falcão A, Fortuna A, Vitorino C. Rethinking carbamazepine oral delivery using polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2019; 554:352-365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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29
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Shariati R, Rezaei B, Jamei HR, Ensafi AA. Application of coated green source carbon dots with silica molecularly imprinted polymers as a fluorescence probe for selective and sensitive determination of phenobarbital. Talanta 2018; 194:143-149. [PMID: 30609514 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a selective and sensitive fluorescence sensor was developed for the detection of phenobarbital, an epilepsy drug, using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) coated on the surface of green source carbon dots (GSCDs). First, GSCDs were synthesized through a hydrothermal method using Cedrus as a carbon source. Then, a MIPs-GSCDs as a fluorescence probe was obtained by coating a thin film of silica on the surface of the GSCDs using a reverse micro emulsion method. In this step, phenobarbital, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) were applied as a template, a functional monomer, and cross linker, respectively. The fluorescence signal of MIPs-GSCDs was selectively quenched by phenobarbital rebinding with MIP cavities. The fluorescence quenching signal was applied for phenobarbital sensing at the pH = 8 without the interference of other materials. After optimizing the factors affecting the sensor's response, a linear range between 0.4 and 34.5 nmol L-1 with a detection limit of 0.1 nmol L-1 was obtained. The sensor's capability in the real sample analysis was investigated by phenobarbital determination in a human blood plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Shariati
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Behzad Rezaei
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Hamid Reza Jamei
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Ensafi
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
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Garg U, Johnson L, Wiebold A, Ferguson A, Frazee C, Thornton S. False-Positive Carbamazepine Results by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and VITROS 5600 Following a Massive Oxcarbazepine Ingestion. J Appl Lab Med 2018; 3:135-139. [PMID: 33626822 DOI: 10.1373/jalm.2016.022384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Garg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and
| | - Leo Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and
| | - Amy Wiebold
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and
| | | | - Clint Frazee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and
| | - Stephen Thornton
- Division of Toxicology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO
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31
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Belal F, Ibrahim F, Sheribah Z, Alaa H. Micellar HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of three anticonvulsant drugs in dosage forms and biological fluids. Application to dissolution-rate testing. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2018; 76:172-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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32
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Development and full validation of an innovative HPLC-diode array detection technique to simultaneously quantify lacosamide, levetiracetam and zonisamide in human plasma. Bioanalysis 2018; 10:541-557. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2017-0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To implement pharmacokinetic drug monitoring and individualize the posology of new antiepileptic drugs, the first HPLC-diode array detection method was developed and validated to simultaneously quantify lacosamide, levetiracetam and zonisamide in human plasma. Materials & methods: Preceded by a reproducible liquid–liquid extraction, chromatographic separation was achieved by using a C18 column of 5 cm length and a mobile phase of water/acetonitrile. Full validation was performed according to international guidelines. Results: The method was linear within 0.5–30, 2.5–40.0 and 0.5–50.0 μg ml-1 for lacosamide, levetiracetam and zonisamide, respectively (r2 ≥ 0.998), accurate (-12.411–8.303%), precise (≤8.875%). Conclusion: This innovative HPLC-diode array detection method was successfully employed in clinical practice and is expected to empower epileptic patients with a personalized pharmacotherapy service. [Formula: see text]
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33
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Amiri Pebdani A, Dadfarnia S, Haji Shabani AM, Khodadoust S, Talebianpoor MS. Modified dispersive liquid-phase microextraction based on sequential injection solidified floating organic drop combined with HPLC for the determination of phenobarbital and phenytoin. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:509-517. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Saeid Khodadoust
- Department of Chemistry; Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology; Behbahan Iran
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34
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a disease which prevalence has been progressively increasing worldwide, is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from the combination of inappropriate insulin secretion and/or resistance to insulin action. If left uncontrolled, diabetes is associated with complications such as dysfunction and failure of various organs, and even premature death. Along with lifestyle-modification strategies, several classes of oral antidiabetic agents can be employed for glycemic control. Thus, therapeutic drug monitoring of these drugs is essential to maintain appropriate treatment. This review discusses the most frequently employed analytical techniques and sample preparation systems to obtain a reliable and trustworthy method to quantify antidiabetic drugs in biological matrices. An adequate choice of internal standard, ideal chromatography conditions and most suitable analytical detector are reported.
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35
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Zhang J, Liu D, Meng X, Shi Y, Wang R, Xiao D, He H. Solid phase extraction based on porous magnetic graphene oxide/β-cyclodextrine composite coupled with high performance liquid chromatography for determination of antiepileptic drugs in plasma samples. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1524:49-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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36
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dos Santos RC, Kakazu AK, Santos MG, Belinelli Silva FA, Figueiredo EC. Characterization and application of restricted access carbon nanotubes in online extraction of anticonvulsant drugs from plasma samples followed by liquid chromatography analysis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1054:50-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Begas E, Tsakalof A, Dardiotis E, Vatidis GE, Kouvaras E, Asprodini EK. Development and validation of a reversed-phase HPLC method for licarbazepine monitoring in serum of patients under oxcarbazepine treatment. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [PMID: 28182284 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Licarbazepine is the pharmacologically active metabolite of oxcarbazepine, a drug indicated for the treatment of partial seizures and bipolar disorders. Several HPLC methods have been developed thus far but there is lack of control for interferences from antipsychotic drugs. The aim of the present study was to develop a simple, low-cost and reliable HPLC-UV method for the determination of licarbazepine in human serum in the presence of co-administered antiepileptic, antipsychotic and commonly prescribed drugs. Sample preparation consisted of a single protein precipitation step with methanol. Separation lasted ~9 min on a reversed-phase C18 column using a mobile phase composed of 50 mm sodium-dihydrogen-phosphate-monohydrate/acetonitrile (70:30, v/v) delivered isocratically at 0.9 mL/min and 30°C. Wavelength was 210 nm and calibration curve was linear with r2 0.998 over the range 0.2-50.0 μg/mL. Coefficient of variation was <5.03% and bias <-4.92%. Recovery ranged from 99.49 to 104.52% and the limit of detection was 0.0182 μg/mL. No interferences from the matrix or from antiepileptic, antipsychotic and commonly prescribed drugs were observed. The method was applied to serum samples of patients under oxcarbazepine treatment and proved to be a useful tool for the therapeutic drug monitoring of licarbazepine during monotherapy or adjunctive treatment of seizures or affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Begas
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Andreas Tsakalof
- Laboratory of Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Evangelos Kouvaras
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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Ganesana M, Lee ST, Wang Y, Venton BJ. Analytical Techniques in Neuroscience: Recent Advances in Imaging, Separation, and Electrochemical Methods. Anal Chem 2017; 89:314-341. [PMID: 28105819 PMCID: PMC5260807 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - B. Jill Venton
- Department of Chemistry, PO Box 400319, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904
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39
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Ventura S, Rodrigues M, Pousinho S, Falcão A, Alves G. Determination of lamotrigine in human plasma and saliva using microextraction by packed sorbent and high performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection: An innovative bioanalytical tool for therapeutic drug monitoring. Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Qu L, Fan Y, Wang W, Ma K, Yin Z. Development, validation and clinical application of an online-SPE-LC-HRMS/MS for simultaneous quantification of phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, and its active metabolite carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide. Talanta 2016; 158:77-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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41
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Ferreira A, Rodrigues M, Falcão A, Alves G. A Rapid and Sensitive HPLC–DAD Assay to Quantify Lamotrigine, Phenytoin and Its Main Metabolite in Samples of Cultured HepaRG Cells. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:1352-8. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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42
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Antunes Viegas D, Rodrigues M, Francisco J, Falcão A, Alves G, Santos AO. Development and application of an ex vivo fosphenytoin nasal bioconversion/permeability evaluation method. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 89:61-72. [PMID: 27106504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in the intranasal delivery of central nervous system-active drugs due to the existence of a direct nose-to-brain connection. However, poor solubility limits the amount of drug that can be administered within an aqueous solution. In the present work, the objectives were to develop an ex vivo bioconversion/permeability evaluation method and to study the ex vivo bioconversion of the hydrophilic phosphate ester prodrug fosphenytoin (FOS) to the active drug phenytoin (PHT) and their comparative nasal permeation. Bioconversion/permeability studies were performed in excised porcine nasal mucosa mounted in Ussing chambers. The physical integrity of the tissues was evaluated by measurement of the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). The simultaneous quantitative assay of FOS, PHT and its major metabolite, 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin (HPPH) was developed and validated according to international guidelines using a liquid chromatography analytical method. The FOS bioconversion rate and PHT and FOS apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) were determined at different time points. FOS bioconversion was also qualitatively investigated in human nasal mucus. The developed liquid chromatography method combines a fast and inexpensive sample preparation with inactivation of the enzymatic metabolism of the prodrug during sample manipulation and storage. It was linear, precise, accurate, and presented a high analyte recovery. FOS was converted ex vivo to PHT but the metabolite HPPH was not detected. The bioconversion rate increased with FOS concentration and with time, which suggests a diffusion-limited process. FOS was also converted to its active drug by human nasal mucus. A novel mathematical data analysis method was developed to reduce the bias introduced by variable mucosal TEER in the permeability results. At comparable FOS and PHT concentrations the ln(Papp(PHT)) of both compounds showed little difference, which indicates that the use of a hydrophilic and charged prodrug did not hinder overall drug permeation. At the highest tested FOS concentration it was possible to quantify FOS in the receiver chambers, meaning that at a sufficiently high concentration the FOS permeation rate overcame its bioconversion rate. The ln(Papp(PHT)) tended to similar equilibrium values as the assay progressed, but with higher FOS concentrations that equilibrium was attained faster. Acidic pH reduced the permeability of both PHT and FOS. The developed bioconversion/permeability evaluation method will constitute an important tool to select the most promising formulations before proceeding to in vivo studies. Importantly, it allowed the demonstration of phosphatase activity and FOS bioconversion in nasal mucosa, as well as the prodrug's nasal permeation potential. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the possibility of formulating phosphate prodrugs of poorly soluble central nervous system-active drugs as a strategy to increase the solubilized drug doses administered through the nasal route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Antunes Viegas
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Márcio Rodrigues
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Joana Francisco
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Gilberto Alves
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Adriana O Santos
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
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43
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Ferreira A, Rodrigues M, Falcão A, Alves G. HPLC–DAD Method for the Quantification of Carbamazepine, Oxcarbazepine and their Active Metabolites in HepaRG Cell Culture Samples. Chromatographia 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-016-3063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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44
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Yin L, Wang T, Shi M, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Yang Y, Gu J. Simultaneous determination of ten antiepileptic drugs in human plasma by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry with positive/negative ion-switching electrospray ionization and its application in therapeutic drug monitoring. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:964-72. [PMID: 26711223 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yin
- School of Life Science; Jilin University; Changchun PR China
- Clinical Pharmacology Center, Research Institute of Translational Medicine; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun PR China
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism; Jilin University; Changchun PR China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Life Science; Jilin University; Changchun PR China
- Clinical Pharmacology Center, Research Institute of Translational Medicine; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun PR China
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism; Jilin University; Changchun PR China
| | - Meiyun Shi
- School of Life and Medical Sciences; Dalian University of Technology; Panjin PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacology Center, Research Institute of Translational Medicine; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun PR China
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- Clinical Pharmacology Center, Research Institute of Translational Medicine; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun PR China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Life Science; Jilin University; Changchun PR China
| | - Jingkai Gu
- Clinical Pharmacology Center, Research Institute of Translational Medicine; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun PR China
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism; Jilin University; Changchun PR China
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45
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Pebdani AA, Dadfarnia S, Haji Shabani AM, Khodadoust S. Application of Ni:ZnS nanoparticles loaded on magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes as a sorbent for dispersive micro-solid phase extraction of phenobarbital and phenytoin prior to HPLC analysis: experimental design. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15981h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ni:ZnSNPs loaded on magnetic MWCNTs are introduced for dispersive micro-solid phase extraction for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Saeid Khodadoust
- Department of Chemistry
- Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology
- Behbahan
- Iran
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46
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Abstract
This chapter includes the aspects of carbamazepine. The drug is synthesized by the use of 5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine and phosgene followed by subsequent reaction with ammonia. Carbamazepine is generally used for the treatment of seizure disorders and neuropathic pain, it is also important as off-label for a second-line treatment for bipolar disorder and in combination with an antipsychotic in some cases of schizophrenia when treatment with a conventional antipsychotic alone has failed. Other uses may include attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, phantom limb syndrome, complex regional pain syndrome, borderline personality disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. The chapter discusses the drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics and presents various methods of analysis of this drug such electrochemical analysis, spectroscopic analysis, and chromatographic techniques of separation. It also discusses its physical properties such as solubility characteristics, X-ray powder diffraction pattern, and thermal methods of analysis. The chapter is concluded with a discussion on its biological properties such as activity, toxicity, and safety.
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47
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Guerrero Garduño Ó, González-Esquivel DF, Escalante-Membrillo C, Fernández Á, Rojas-Tomé IS, Jung Cook H, Castro N. Comparison of a high-performance liquid chromatography method for quantification of carbamazepine with chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:933-7. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Helgi Jung Cook
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; México D.F. Mexico
- Facultad de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México D.F. Mexico
| | - Nelly Castro
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; México D.F. Mexico
- Facultad de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México D.F. Mexico
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48
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Asadi M, Dadfarnia S, Haji Shabani AM, abbasi B. Simultaneous extraction and quantification of lamotrigine, phenobarbital, and phenytoin in human plasma and urine samples using solidified floating organic drop microextraction and high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:2510-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Asadi
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Yazd University; Yazd Iran
- Khorassan Research Institute for Food Science and Technology; Mashhad Iran
| | | | | | - Bijan abbasi
- Khorassan Research Institute for Food Science and Technology; Mashhad Iran
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Walash MI, El-Enany N, Askar H. Validated spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of carbamazepine in pharmaceutical dosage forms after reaction with 4-chloro-7--nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl). LUMINESCENCE 2015; 30:1119-24. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.2868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed I. Walash
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Mansoura; Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Nahed El-Enany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Mansoura; Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Hanany Askar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Mansoura; Mansoura 35516 Egypt
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Sanavio B, Krol S. On the Slow Diffusion of Point-of-Care Systems in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2015; 3:20. [PMID: 25767794 PMCID: PMC4341557 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2015.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in point-of-care (PoC) technologies show great transformative promises for personalized preventative and predictive medicine. However, fields like therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), that first allowed for personalized treatment of patients' disease, still lag behind in the widespread application of PoC devices for monitoring of patients. Surprisingly, very few applications in commonly monitored drugs, such as anti-epileptics, are paving the way for a PoC approach to patient therapy monitoring compared to other fields like intensive care cardiac markers monitoring, glycemic controls in diabetes, or bench-top hematological parameters analysis at the local drug store. Such delay in the development of portable fast clinically effective drug monitoring devices is in our opinion due more to an inertial drag on the pervasiveness of these new devices into the clinical field than a lack of technical capability. At the same time, some very promising technologies failed in the clinical practice for inadequate understanding of the outcome parameters necessary for a relevant technological breakthrough that has superior clinical performance. We hope, by over-viewing both TDM practice and its yet unmet needs and latest advancement in micro- and nanotechnology applications to PoC clinical devices, to help bridging the two communities, the one exploiting analytical technologies and the one mastering the most advanced techniques, into translating existing and forthcoming technologies in effective devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Sanavio
- IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Silke Krol
- IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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